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female using grass, bark, moss, lichens, leaf fragments, vegetable fibres and spider webs. The clutch of 1–3 eggs is incubated by the female. The eggs hatch after 11–16 days and the young are then fed by both parents. The chicks fledge after 13–16 days. Normally several broods are raised each year.
310:
The elongated hanging nest is 30–60 cm (12–24 in) in length and has a hooded side entrance. It is usually placed between 0.5 and 1.5 m (1 ft 8 in and 4 ft 11 in) above the ground but can occasionally be as high as 10 m (33 ft). It is constructed by the
284:
are black with light edging and the outer feathers of the black tail have a white tip. The throat is blue-black iridescent, the iris is dark brown and the legs are black. The underparts are yellow. This species lacks the yellow
276:
The
Tukangbesi sunbird is 10–11.4 cm (3.9–4.5 in) in length. The male weighs 6.7–11.9 g (0.24–0.42 oz), the female 6–10 g (0.21–0.35 oz). The species is
733:
630:
759:
542:
393:
383:
448:"Small islands and large biogeographic barriers have driven contrasting speciation patterns in Indo-Pacific sunbirds (Aves: Nectariniidae)"
805:
446:Ó Marcaigh, F.; Kelly, D.J.; O’Connell, D.P.; Analuddin, K.; Karya, A.; McCloughan, J.; Tolan, E.; Lawless, N.; Marples, N.M. (2023).
810:
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It forages either singly or in small groups. The diet consists of small insects, spiders, nectar and small fruit.
34:
598:
560:
287:
529:
344:"On the birds collected on the Tukang-Besi Islands and Buton, southeast of Celebes, by Mr. Heinrich Kühn"
264:) but is now treated as a separate species based on the genetic and plumage differences. The species is
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194:
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29:
489:
Cheke, R.; Mann, C.; Kirwan, G.M.; Christie, D.A. (2023). Keeney, B.K.; Billerman, S.M. (eds.).
537:. Vol. 13: Penduline-tits to Shrikes. Barcelona, Spain: Lynx Edicions. pp. 196-321 .
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371:. Vol. 12. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Museum of Comparative Zoology. p. 246.
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533:. In del Hoyo, J.; Elliott, A.; Christie, D.A. (eds.).
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meaning "unbridled". It was formerly considered as a
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based on specimens collected by
Heinrich Kühn on the
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567:
528:
490:
201:in Indonesia. It was formerly considered to be a
297:. The female lacks the iridescent throat patch.
503:. Ithaca, NY, USA: Cornell Lab of Ornithology
421:"Dippers, leafbirds, flowerpeckers, sunbirds"
280:. The male is dark brownish-olive above, the
205:of the olive-backed sunbird, now renamed the
8:
385:The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names
256:of the olive-backed sunbird (renamed as the
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20:
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452:Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society
388:. London: Christopher Helm. p. 205.
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427:. International Ornithologists' Union
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293:and yellow moustachial stripe of the
225:in 1903 by the German orthithologist
7:
365:Paynter, Raymond A. Jr, ed. (1986).
535:Handbook of the Birds of the World
14:
530:"Family Nectariniidae (Sunbirds)"
241:in Indonesia. Hartert coined the
527:Cheke, R.A.; Mann, C.F. (2008).
425:IOC World Bird List Version 14.1
368:Check-List of Birds of the World
268:: no subspecies are recognised.
33:
1:
661:Cinnyris jugularis infrenatus
197:that lie to the southeast of
163:Cinnyris jugularis infrenatus
221:The Tukangbesi sunbird was
189:bird in the sunbird family
827:
465:10.1093/zoolinnean/zlac081
382:Jobling, James A. (2010).
248:. The specific epithet is
806:Endemic birds of Sulawesi
237:) which lie southeast of
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135:
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30:Scientific classification
28:
23:
419:, eds. (December 2023).
811:Birds described in 1903
492:"Tukangbesi Sunbird (
193:that is found on the
348:Novitates Zoologicae
599:Cinnyris infrenatus
569:Cinnyris infrenatus
494:Cinnyris infrenatus
246:Cinnyris infrenatus
233:(also known as the
183:Cinnyris infrenatus
139:Cinnyris infrenatus
24:Tukangbesi sunbird
501:Birds of the World
415:; Donsker, David;
262:Cinnyris jugularis
231:Tukangbesi Islands
223:formally described
211:Cinnyris jugularis
195:Tukangbesi Islands
185:) is a species of
179:Tukangbesi sunbird
121:C. infrenatus
788:
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561:Taxon identifiers
544:978-84-96553-45-3
417:Rasmussen, Pamela
395:978-1-4081-2501-4
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278:sexual dimorphic
235:Wakatobi Islands
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243:binomial name
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505:. Retrieved
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458:(1): 72–92.
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429:. Retrieved
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747:iNaturalist
644:iNaturalist
593:Wikispecies
475:2262/101492
413:Gill, Frank
289:supercilium
272:Description
795:Categories
584:Q114890284
507:3 February
431:3 February
323:References
254:subspecies
203:subspecies
676:Q27633818
354:: 18-38 .
301:Behaviour
266:monotypic
187:passerine
115:Species:
53:Kingdom:
47:Eukaryota
801:Cinnyris
726:olbsun23
700:olbsun23
670:Wikidata
620:BioLib:
578:Wikidata
342:(1903).
306:Breeding
239:Sulawesi
217:Taxonomy
199:Sulawesi
155:Synonyms
108:Cinnyris
93:Family:
67:Chordata
63:Phylum:
57:Animalia
43:Domain:
739:6087473
685:Avibase
649:1505008
636:6087473
623:1005804
608:Avibase
282:remiges
167:Hartert
146:Hartert
103:Genus:
83:Order:
73:Class:
778:260799
765:921823
752:721260
541:
392:
169:, 1903
148:, 1903
721:eBird
713:5GGHN
697:BOW:
250:Latin
760:ITIS
734:GBIF
631:GBIF
539:ISBN
509:2024
433:2024
390:ISBN
177:The
77:Aves
708:CoL
470:hdl
460:doi
456:198
260:) (
213:).
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209:(
181:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
