244:
Santos and
Pumapunku (or Pumapongo). The two ruins are within about 300 metres (980 ft) of each other and near the Tomebamba River. Neither site has the finely-worked stone characteristic of Cuzco, perhaps meaning that these sites were of secondary importance in the Inca city and that the principal temple and plaza has disappeared beneath later construction. Based on finding spinning tools in the buildings excavated at Pumapunku, the site may have a residence for
267:
203:(ruled 1471–1493) incorporated this area into the empire after long and arduous campaigns against the Cañari. His son and successor, Huayna Capac, was probably born in Tumebamba and was responsible for most of the Inca construction in the city. Huayna Capac envisioned Tumebamba as the northern capital of the Inca Empire and modeled the construction on that of
219:. The Incas lacked draft animals and wheeled vehicles so the transport was by manpower only, possibly by laborers conscripted by the Incas among the peoples who had opposed their rule. The monumental task of transporting the stones also indicates the priority Huayna Capac placed on making Tumebamba an alternative or secondary capital of the empire.
184:
230:
Huayna Capac and many other Incas died in an epidemic (probably of a
European-introduced disease) about 1525 and his sons Huascar and Atahualpa contested the succession. Several battles in the civil war which followed were near Tumepampa and the Inca city was largely destroyed. The Cañari inhabitants
243:
visited
Tumebamba in 1547 and said, "Everything has crumbled and in ruins but you can still appreciate how grand it was." The city of Cuenca has been built on top of the old Inca city and whatever ruins remain are largely buried. The two surviving remnants of the Inca city are the ruins of Todos
210:
Spanish stories that Huanya Capac had building stones transported from Cuzco to Inca centers, including
Tumebamba, in present-day Ecuador were confirmed in 2004. Archaeologists identified stone building blocks in Ecuador that had an origin in a quarry near Cuzco. The scholars found 450 stones,
222:
In the words of a scholar, "These stones embodied the transfer of sanctity and power from the imperial capital to the city of
Tomebamba in Ecuador, while their movement was a major public demonstration of state control over labor." The Inca also quarried building stones at
497:
259:
The Manuel Agustín
Landivar Museum is adjacent to the Todos Santos ruins and the Pumapongo Museum and Archaeological Park is at the Pumapunku ruins. xco. Both feature exhibits about the
51:
443:
44:
492:
175:
was built on the site of
Tumebamba although a portion of the Inca city is preserved at the archaeological sites of Pumapunku and Todos Santos.
37:
369:
de la Vega, G., "El Inca", 2006, Royal
Commentaries of the Incas and General History of Peru, Indianapolis: Hackett Publishing Co., Inc.,
374:
260:
340:
211:
weighing up to 700 kilograms (1,500 lb) each, that had been transported more than 1,600 kilometres (990 mi) on
385:
Ogburn, Dennis (Winter 2004), "Power in Stone: The Long-Distance
Movement of Building Blocks in the Inca Empire,"
487:
156:(ruled 1493–1525) to be the Inca northern capital. The city was largely destroyed during the civil war between
248:, the sequestered women of the Incas. A large artificial water pool, terraces, and canals resemble those at
240:
138:
93:
78:
199:
people had lived in this area for at least 500 years before the arrival of the Incas. The Inca emperor
73:
482:
83:
98:
200:
341:
https://www.academia.edu/2595174/De_Tomebamba_a_Cuenca_arquitectura_y_arqueolog%C3%ADa_colonial
370:
293:
288:
266:
195:
The
Tumebamba area prior to the conquest by the Incas was called Guapondelig. The ethnic
188:
172:
122:
270:
165:
61:
476:
253:
357:
249:
168:
153:
146:
303:
212:
157:
458:
445:
224:
161:
150:
196:
17:
231:
had taken the side of Huascar and were severely treated by Atahualpa.
183:
227:, 18 kilometres (11 mi) in a straight line distance northeast.
298:
283:
265:
245:
216:
204:
182:
29:
130:
356:, Iowa City: University of Iowa Press, p. 253. Downloaded from
33:
207:, the Inca capital. Huayna Capac had a royal palace here.
263:, the Cañari, the Inca, and the early Spanish settlers.
498:
16th-century disestablishments in the Inca civilization
326:, Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishing, p. 31, 75, 78–80
45:
8:
52:
38:
30:
145:) was a former main regional city in the
252:, a royal estate of Huayna Capac in the
315:
7:
164:shortly before the arrival of the
25:
261:Indigenous people of the Americas
187:The ruins of Pumapunku near the
493:Archaeological sites in Ecuador
215:traversing the high and rugged
149:. Tumebamba was chosen by the
1:
389:, Vol. 51, No. 1, pp. 131–132
171:in 1532. The Spanish city of
117:(hispanicized spellings), or
514:
322:D'Altroy, Terence (2003),
235:Pumapunku and Todos Santos
354:The Shape of Inca History
273:of the ruins of Pumapunku
69:
352:Niles, Susan A. (1999),
239:The Spanish chronicler
343:, accessed 20 Mar 2017
274:
192:
337:De Tomebamba a Cuenca
269:
186:
459:2.90667°S 78.99667°W
89:Capture of Tumebamba
464:-2.90667; -78.99667
455: /
398:Ogburn. p. 101, 123
335:Jamieson, Ross W.,
241:Pedro Cieza de León
434:Niles, pp. 257–258
275:
201:Topa Inca Yupanqui
193:
107:
106:
16:(Redirected from
505:
470:
469:
467:
466:
465:
460:
456:
453:
452:
451:
448:
435:
432:
426:
423:
417:
414:
408:
407:D'Altroy, p. 259
405:
399:
396:
390:
383:
377:
367:
361:
350:
344:
333:
327:
320:
64:
54:
47:
40:
31:
27:Former Inca city
21:
513:
512:
508:
507:
506:
504:
503:
502:
488:Cuenca, Ecuador
473:
472:
463:
461:
457:
454:
449:
446:
444:
442:
441:
439:
438:
433:
429:
424:
420:
416:Jamieson, p. 50
415:
411:
406:
402:
397:
393:
384:
380:
368:
364:
351:
347:
334:
330:
321:
317:
312:
280:
237:
189:Tomebamba River
181:
173:Cuenca, Ecuador
108:
103:
65:
60:
58:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
511:
509:
501:
500:
495:
490:
485:
475:
474:
437:
436:
427:
418:
409:
400:
391:
378:
362:
345:
328:
314:
313:
311:
308:
307:
306:
301:
296:
291:
286:
279:
276:
271:Panoramic view
236:
233:
180:
177:
105:
104:
102:
101:
96:
91:
86:
81:
76:
70:
67:
66:
62:Inca Civil War
59:
57:
56:
49:
42:
34:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
510:
499:
496:
494:
491:
489:
486:
484:
481:
480:
478:
471:
468:
431:
428:
425:Niles, p. 253
422:
419:
413:
410:
404:
401:
395:
392:
388:
382:
379:
376:
375:9780872208438
372:
366:
363:
359:
355:
349:
346:
342:
338:
332:
329:
325:
319:
316:
309:
305:
302:
300:
297:
295:
294:Huanuco Pampa
292:
290:
287:
285:
282:
281:
277:
272:
268:
264:
262:
257:
255:
254:Sacred Valley
251:
247:
242:
234:
232:
228:
226:
220:
218:
214:
208:
206:
202:
198:
190:
185:
178:
176:
174:
170:
169:conquistadors
167:
163:
159:
155:
152:
148:
144:
140:
136:
132:
128:
124:
120:
116:
112:
100:
97:
95:
92:
90:
87:
85:
82:
80:
77:
75:
72:
71:
68:
63:
55:
50:
48:
43:
41:
36:
35:
32:
19:
440:
430:
421:
412:
403:
394:
386:
381:
365:
358:Project MUSE
353:
348:
336:
331:
323:
318:
258:
256:near Cuzco.
250:Quispiguanca
238:
229:
221:
209:
194:
154:Huayna Capac
142:
134:
126:
118:
114:
110:
109:
94:Huanucopampa
88:
79:Mullihambato
483:Inca Empire
462: /
147:Inca Empire
127:Knife Field
74:Chillopampa
477:Categories
450:78°59′48″W
310:References
304:Pachacamac
289:Vilcabamba
213:Inca roads
191:in Cuenca,
84:Chimborazo
447:2°54′24″S
387:Ethnology
339:, p. 45,
324:The Incas
225:Cojitambo
162:Atahualpa
119:Tumipampa
115:Tomebamba
111:Tumebamba
99:Quipaipan
18:Tumipampa
278:See also
299:Shawsha
179:History
166:Spanish
158:Huáscar
151:Emperor
373:
197:Cañari
123:Kichwa
284:Cusco
246:aclla
217:Andes
205:Cuzco
143:Field
139:Pampa
135:Knife
125:for "
371:ISBN
160:and
131:Tumi
129:",
479::
141::
137:,
133::
113:,
360:.
121:(
53:e
46:t
39:v
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
