260:
to be married to widows. Older women had great importance in the society, mainly because the necessity of food in Tiwi society. The older woman know all the gathering skills, making food not be a problem for the household. On the other hand, less experienced woman created problems for the household, as they have less food. Younger women often were like apprentices, learning all the possible ways of gathering from older women to please their husband or household. Even though this traditional marriage culture is still very prevalent in modern Tiwi culture, marriage has changed juristically recently because of
Catholic missionaries beginning to settle on Tiwi land after 1945. According to culture sketches, the power dynamic of men and women both had their advantages. While men had a lot more political power, women were well respected for their gathering skills to provide food and favors.
324:
experts worldwide have studied Tiwi art and have analysed the meaning of Tiwi symbols. Tiwi art forms an integral part of the oral tradition passing on history and wisdom through generations. English is taught at schools as a second language, and the Tiwi communicate principally in their own language. When in mourning, it is part of their beliefs to paint their body and express their love for who has passed through music, art and dance. Painting has been practised for thousands of years as a part of ceremonies and the Tiwi totem poles are famous and have been sold all over the world. Tiwi use natural
248:
lives. Since both the men and women come from a matrilineal descent group, wives descent group is important. Remarriage of a widow is common for the traditional Tiwi, which allows the less promising hunters to be married. This is because widows have to remarry quickly, which had to be immediately after the husband dies. A marriage occurs at a gravesite of the previous husband. Since the more promising husbands are usually claimed, older women often end up with younger, less experienced men.
311:
206:
land. There are two large inhabited islands, Melville and
Bathurst, originally called Ratuwati Yinjara (meaning "two islands"), and many smaller uninhabited islands. Most of the smaller islands lie close to Melville and Bathurst, but Kulangana (South West Vernon Island) is less than 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) from the Australian mainland coast. The Tiwi Islands are now part of the Northern Territory of Australia.
43:
349:
Tiwi women singing recently in different important venues in
Australia. The Tiwi "strong women's group" are currently working on a collaborative project to conserve their music. Research has led to a revival of some of the old songs. As these songs have been sung for thousands of years, it is with the strictest sensitivity that this research must be carried out.
252:
52:
231:
units of bands that are dependent through one sex or one marriage only. Any person within this emblem are considered your close kin: Like mother, father, sister, & brother. With this said, acceptance into Tiwi society is often very loose, with traditional Tiwi members naming newcomers in the society as "son" and "daughter." This is known as a "far away"
225:
descent group, which the Tiwi call "skin". This group of "skin" believe pregnancy comes from spirits. The Tiwi believe these spirits are unborn, coming from bodies of water. This traditional belief system from the Tiwi explains how the man has no physical role in birth, but a male's role is to find a
328:
pigments. They make these colours from natural pigment in the earth. When a person dies their name becomes taboo. For many years as the spirit returns to the land, you cannot say the name of the person. When the Tiwis are using their remarkable knowledge to find food in the bush, they never take the
323:
Compared with Arnhem Land art, Tiwi art often appears to be abstract and geometric. With its strong patterns and use of colour, Tiwi art is considered very attractive and highly collectible. Tiwi art is used to tell stories, and the hatch patterns represent friendships within the community. Many art
259:
Bestowal is often used in the Tiwi culture, which is the main way of receiving young wives. Successful men, usually older men often had many wives, even up to 20 for very promising husbands. Men younger than 30 often had fewer or no wives. In traditional Tiwi culture, ages 30–40 were the most likely
348:
The Tiwi people sing songs about the land which have been handed down through the generations. They sing about many aspects of their lives, including hunting, cooking, family, animals, plants and the
Australian outback. Some of these songs have been recorded and archived. There was a performance of
230:
to each other. This is separated into "close" and "far away" kinship which refers to the distance geographically between the Tiwi people. A band unit which is smaller only rely on somebody's sex or marriage. This means people such as mother, father, or husband are considered your close kin. Smaller
212:
explorers landed on
Melville Island in 1705, but did not colonise it then nor in succeeding voyages. After a failed attempt by the British in 1824, it was not settled by Europeans until the arrival of German missionaries in 1911. The Stolen Generations saw many Indigenous people brought to the Tiwi
205:
The
Tunuvivi people held sway over some 8,000 square kilometres (3,100 sq mi) of land on Melville and Bathurst islands. The Tiwi Islands lie about 80 kilometres (50 mi) from Darwin, with Melville and Bathurst Islands comprising about 8,344 square kilometres (3,222 sq mi) of
247:
Marriage roles of the Tiwi plays an important role for economic, social and political status. The Tiwi consider marriage as a very important aspect of their livelihoods, as almost all people get married, especially women. Tiwi culture places great emphasis on the importance of marriage in women's
361:
167:
descent, and marriage plays a very important part in many aspects of their lives. Art and music form an intrinsic part of their societal and spiritual rituals as the Tiwi people tend to follow a certain form of indigenous
Animist belief system. The
1167:
379:(TIFL) is the main league and the TIFL Grand Final is the largest event on the island, attracting up to 3,000 spectators, equivalent to the entire Tiwi population. The Tiwi have their own semi-professional
1160:
1133:
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and which defines their spiritual identity from their father. Narrative dances are performed to depict everyday life or historical events. The land on both islands is heavily forested.
2215:
2152:
1153:
2187:
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2145:
863:
799:
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spirit and uncover it, so that it is sent to the wife. The kin clan must be the same for the spirit as the wife. All Tiwi members have a general
345:), and the innovative use of song on such occasions is now at risk given the weakening of the customary rituals that engendered its creativity.
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1122:
1081:
1051:
1028:
927:
829:
851:
136:
140:
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wrote: 'The name Tiwi was coined for the convenience of anthropologists and others, it means "We, the only people"; the late Father
337:
Music has formed an integral part, of all aspects of life on the Tiwi islands, being centered around the Tiwi initiation ceremony,
811:
560:
With one exception (a
Torrers Strait group) Tiwi is defined as "the most divergent language in the Australian linguistic area." (
1073:
352:
The music of the Tiwi women "strong women's group" is being preserved and revived currently on
Bathurst and Melville island.
375:
Yiloga (Australian rules football) has become an important part of Tiwi culture and is by far the most popular sport. The
99:
2210:
1542:
376:
364:
1787:
460:
236:
329:
mothers or the baby animals. This shows their respect for the land and knowledge of how to conserve the environment.
1114:
919:
388:
148:
448:
412:
268:
1070:
Aboriginal Tribes of
Australia: Their Terrain, Environmental Controls, Distribution, Limits, and Proper Names
875:
1176:
1020:
442:
132:
1612:
901:
1110:
A death in the Tiwi islands: conflict, ritual, and social life in an Australian aboriginal community
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939:
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95:
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1024:
982:
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913:
391:, with around a third of the Territorians playing in the league coming from the two islands.
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991:
948:
514:
184:
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saw many Indigenous people brought to the Tiwi Islands who were not of direct Tiwi descent.
156:
2012:
1998:
1584:
1535:
1486:
1458:
1255:
1134:"'You're not given any love': the stories of Australia's stolen generations – photo essay"
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472:
2082:
1984:
1893:
1738:
1521:
1493:
1388:
1332:
1311:
1061:
995:
540:
466:
430:
424:
418:
2204:
1970:
1773:
1759:
1752:
1745:
1724:
1710:
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1395:
833:. Vol. LXVI, no. 22, 861. Western Australia. 19 July 1948. p. 3 (HOME)
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180:
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91:
2110:
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508:
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368:
360:
280:
209:
200:
144:
42:
2075:
263:
Hunting for food is still an important part of Tiwi life. On land, they hunt for
2117:
2019:
1977:
1850:
1675:
1472:
1325:
1043:
478:
400:
222:
188:
164:
160:
852:
Tiwi Islands 2023 grand final sees Tuyu Buffaloes narrowly win in final quarter
2047:
1921:
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1900:
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1647:
1633:
1507:
1416:
1381:
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1227:
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490:
272:
824:
2040:
2026:
2005:
1991:
1956:
1815:
1780:
1605:
1591:
1577:
1563:
1444:
1437:
1409:
1360:
1283:
1276:
1213:
894:"Ngarukuruwala – we sing: the songs of the Tiwi Islands, northern Australia"
299:
276:
387:. Tiwis have been enormously successful in the national fully professional
251:
51:
2089:
2054:
1907:
1878:
1843:
1717:
1654:
1423:
1367:
1290:
1003:
17:
2124:
2068:
2061:
1963:
1886:
1857:
1822:
1808:
1689:
1626:
1619:
1465:
1374:
1353:
1318:
1269:
1192:
960:
264:
232:
227:
980:
Hart, C. W. (July 1930). "The Tiwi of Melville and Bathurst Islands".
800:
In Tiwi, the word for football is yiloga. There is no word for suicide
2103:
1949:
1942:
1829:
1801:
1549:
1514:
1402:
1346:
1304:
1262:
1220:
284:
239:
were often still considered as outsiders to traditional Tiwi people.
952:
893:
1935:
1871:
1500:
325:
295:
250:
294:
as they call it, is a part of everyday life. Tiwi inherit their
1149:
812:
Sherrin celebrates Tiwi culture for AFL Sir Doug Nicholls round
864:
A team in big league kick-starts hope on troubled Tiwi islands
187:
with no apparent genetic link to the contiguous languages of
56:
The Tiwi Bombers, a local football team from the Tiwi Islands
937:
Goodale, J. G. (1962). "Marriage contracts among the Tiwi".
183:, the most polysynthetic of all Australian languages, is a
1011:
Hart, Charles William Merton; Pilling, Arnold R. (1960).
814:
by Jarred Cross for National Indigenous Times 15 May 2023
314:
Ceiling of a Tiwi Island art gallery and studio, 2011.
163:
on the Australian mainland. Their society is based on
135:
groups of Australia. Nearly 2,000 Tiwi people live on
547:
gave me Tunuvivi as the ancient and proper name.' (
106:
85:
71:
61:
1012:
915:Australian Languages: Their Nature and Development
283:. From the sea they hunt for turtle, crocodiles,
1040:Culture Sketches: Case Studies in Anthropology
802:by Jack Banister for The Guardian 3 March 2019
147:, lying about 48 kilometres (30 mi) from
1161:
763:
751:
739:
727:
715:
703:
691:
679:
655:
643:
631:
607:
367:Grand Final 05/06 at Stanley Tipiloura Oval,
213:Islands who were not of direct Tiwi descent.
8:
2216:Aboriginal peoples of the Northern Territory
159:, with no apparent link to the languages of
35:
898:PhD Thesis, University of Sydney, Australia
854:By Thomas Morgan for ABC News 6 August 2023
1168:
1154:
1146:
841:– via National Library of Australia.
825:"Football No. 1 Sport' For Island Natives"
50:
41:
34:
116:List of Australian Aboriginal group names
787:
775:
359:
309:
667:
595:
576:
548:
533:
619:
583:
561:
7:
902:University of Sydney doctoral thesis
72:Regions with significant populations
996:10.1002/j.1834-4461.1930.tb01643.x
876:Bomber takes role in new territory
866:Article from Sydney Morning Herald
381:Northern Territory Football League
356:Yiloga (Australian rules football)
27:Australian aboriginal ethnic group
25:
1132:Weeks, Jonny (12 February 2016).
1074:Australian National University
279:, turtle and seagull eggs and
1:
1038:Peters-Golden, Holly (1997).
523:, Australian rules footballer
517:, Australian rules footballer
511:, Australian rules footballer
505:, Australian rules footballer
499:, Australian rules footballer
493:, Australian rules footballer
487:, Australian rules footballer
481:, Australian rules footballer
475:, Australian rules footballer
469:, Australian rules footballer
463:, Australian rules footballer
457:, Australian rules footballer
451:, Australian rules footballer
445:, Australian rules footballer
439:, Australian rules footballer
433:, Australian rules footballer
427:, Australian rules footballer
415:, Australian rules footballer
403:, Australian rules footballer
100:Aboriginal Australian English
892:Campbell, Genevieve (2013).
377:Tiwi Islands Football League
365:Tiwi Islands Football League
191:on the Australian mainland.
1015:The Tiwi of North Australia
461:Anthony McDonald-Tipungwuti
201:Tiwi Islands § History
143:Islands, which make up the
2232:
1115:Cambridge University Press
920:Cambridge University Press
389:Australian Football League
198:
2134:
1187:
111:
90:
76:
66:
49:
40:
371:. Mulluwurri vs Pumurali
1062:Tindale, Norman Barnett
421:, Australian politician
409:, Australian politician
1107:Venbrux, Eric (1995).
1066:"Tunuvivi (Tiwi) (NT)"
372:
315:
256:
131:) are one of the many
2140:By state or territory
363:
313:
254:
221:The Tiwi come from a
199:Further information:
107:Related ethnic groups
1613:Mantjintjarra Ngalia
878:Article from The Age
267:, lizards, possums,
2211:Tiwi Islands people
1094:. Tiwi Land Council
910:Dixon, Robert M. W.
298:, evocative of the
255:Tiwi Islands, 2005.
195:Country and history
37:
2153:Northern Territory
1181:Northern Territory
1092:"The Tiwi Islands"
790:, pp. 98–115.
764:Peters-Golden 1997
752:Peters-Golden 1997
740:Peters-Golden 1997
728:Peters-Golden 1997
716:Peters-Golden 1997
704:Peters-Golden 1997
692:Peters-Golden 1997
680:Peters-Golden 1997
656:Peters-Golden 1997
644:Peters-Golden 1997
632:Peters-Golden 1997
521:Austin Wonaeamirri
373:
316:
257:
170:Stolen Generations
96:Australian English
79:Northern Territory
2198:
2197:
2188:Western Australia
1124:978-0-521-47351-4
1083:978-0-708-10741-6
1053:978-0-070-49715-3
1030:978-0-030-05700-7
929:978-0-521-47378-1
608:Tiwi Land Council
503:Maurice Rioli Jr.
121:
120:
16:(Redirected from
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2022:
2015:
2008:
2001:
1994:
1987:
1980:
1973:
1966:
1959:
1952:
1945:
1938:
1931:
1924:
1922:Ritharngu/Diakui
1917:
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1903:
1896:
1889:
1882:
1874:
1867:
1860:
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1599:Makarrwanhalmirr
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1042:(2nd ed.).
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1007:
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515:Brian Stanislaus
271:, pig, buffalo,
185:language isolate
157:language isolate
62:Total population
54:
45:
38:
21:
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2222:
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2179:
2172:
2167:South Australia
2165:
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2151:
2146:New South Wales
2144:
2139:
2130:
2123:
2116:
2109:
2102:
2095:
2088:
2081:
2076:Yan-nhaŋu/Nango
2074:
2067:
2060:
2053:
2046:
2039:
2032:
2025:
2018:
2011:
2004:
1997:
1990:
1983:
1976:
1969:
1962:
1955:
1948:
1941:
1934:
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1920:
1913:
1906:
1899:
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1583:
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1527:
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1506:
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1471:
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1422:
1415:
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1394:
1387:
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1303:
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1289:
1282:
1275:
1268:
1261:
1254:
1247:
1240:
1233:
1226:
1219:
1212:
1205:
1198:
1191:
1183:
1179:peoples in the
1174:
1144:
1131:
1125:
1106:
1097:
1095:
1090:
1084:
1060:
1054:
1037:
1031:
1010:
979:
967:
953:10.2307/3772851
936:
930:
918:. Vol. 1.
908:
891:
887:
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858:
850:
846:
836:
834:
823:
822:
818:
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794:
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782:
778:, p. xvii.
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473:Danielle Ponter
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33:
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22:
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11:
5:
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2156:
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2100:
2093:
2086:
2079:
2072:
2065:
2058:
2051:
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2037:
2030:
2023:
2016:
2009:
2002:
1995:
1988:
1981:
1974:
1967:
1960:
1953:
1946:
1939:
1932:
1925:
1918:
1911:
1904:
1897:
1894:Pitjantjatjara
1890:
1883:
1875:
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1861:
1854:
1847:
1840:
1833:
1826:
1819:
1812:
1805:
1798:
1791:
1784:
1777:
1770:
1763:
1756:
1749:
1742:
1739:Murngin=Yolgnu
1735:
1728:
1721:
1714:
1707:
1700:
1693:
1686:
1679:
1672:
1665:
1658:
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1142:
1129:
1123:
1104:
1088:
1082:
1058:
1052:
1035:
1029:
1008:
990:(2): 167–180.
977:
969:Goodale, J. G.
965:
947:(4): 452–466.
934:
928:
906:
888:
886:
883:
881:
880:
868:
856:
844:
830:The Daily News
816:
804:
792:
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768:
756:
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732:
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708:
696:
684:
672:
660:
648:
636:
624:
612:
600:
598:, p. 236.
588:
575:
573:
570:
567:
566:
564:, p. 251)
553:
551:, p. 236)
541:Norman Tindale
532:
531:
529:
526:
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518:
512:
506:
500:
494:
488:
482:
476:
470:
467:Shannon Motlop
464:
458:
452:
446:
440:
434:
431:Adam Kerinaiua
428:
425:David Kantilla
422:
419:Lawrence Costa
416:
410:
404:
396:
395:Notable people
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331:
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31:
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2:
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1774:Ngaanyatjarra
1771:
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1764:
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1760:Nanggikorongo
1757:
1754:
1750:
1747:
1746:Murrinh-Patha
1743:
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1733:
1729:
1726:
1725:Mulluk-Mulluk
1722:
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1711:Menhdheyangal
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1452:Garrwa/Karawa
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813:
808:
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796:
793:
789:
788:Campbell 2013
784:
781:
777:
776:Campbell 2013
772:
769:
766:, p. 238
765:
760:
757:
754:, p. 240
753:
748:
745:
742:, p. 240
741:
736:
733:
730:, p. 239
729:
724:
721:
718:, p. 239
717:
712:
709:
706:, p. 239
705:
700:
697:
694:, p. 238
693:
688:
685:
682:, p. 238
681:
676:
673:
669:
664:
661:
658:, p. 238
657:
652:
649:
646:, p. 238
645:
640:
637:
634:, p. 237
633:
628:
625:
621:
616:
613:
609:
604:
601:
597:
592:
589:
586:, p. 82.
585:
580:
577:
571:
563:
557:
554:
550:
546:
542:
537:
534:
527:
522:
519:
516:
513:
510:
507:
504:
501:
498:
497:Maurice Rioli
495:
492:
489:
486:
483:
480:
477:
474:
471:
468:
465:
462:
459:
456:
455:Malcolm Lynch
453:
450:
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438:
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429:
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355:
353:
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346:
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332:
330:
327:
318:
312:
305:
303:
301:
297:
296:totemic dance
293:
288:
286:
282:
278:
274:
270:
269:carpet snakes
266:
261:
253:
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242:
240:
238:
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211:
207:
202:
194:
192:
190:
186:
182:
175:
173:
171:
166:
162:
158:
154:
153:Tiwi language
150:
146:
142:
138:
134:
130:
126:
117:
114:
110:
105:
101:
97:
93:
89:
84:
80:
75:
70:
65:
60:
53:
48:
44:
39:
30:
19:
2097:Yindjilandji
1928:
1837:Ngolokwangga
1641:Marimanindji
1529:Karrangpurru
1242:Anindilyakwa
1235:Andakerebina
1138:The Guardian
1137:
1109:
1096:. Retrieved
1069:
1039:
1014:
987:
981:
972:
944:
938:
914:
897:
871:
859:
847:
835:. Retrieved
828:
819:
807:
795:
783:
771:
759:
747:
735:
723:
711:
699:
687:
675:
670:, p. 13
668:Venbrux 1995
663:
651:
639:
627:
615:
603:
596:Tindale 1974
591:
579:
556:
549:Tindale 1974
536:
509:Willie Rioli
485:Daniel Rioli
449:Michael Long
437:Sean Lemmens
413:Ronnie Burns
407:Manuel Brown
385:Tiwi Bombers
374:
369:Wurrumiyanga
351:
347:
338:
336:
322:
291:
290:Dancing, or
289:
281:magpie geese
273:flying foxes
262:
258:
246:
235:where other
220:
208:
204:
179:
145:Tiwi Islands
128:
124:
122:
112:
32:Ethnic group
29:
1851:Norweilemil
1683:Marrithiyal
1676:Marranunggu
1473:Gungorogone
1044:McGraw-Hill
545:E. A. Worms
479:Cyril Rioli
401:Janet Baird
223:matrilineal
189:Arnhem Land
165:matrilineal
161:Arnhem Land
125:Tiwi people
94:, English (
77:Australia (
36:Tiwi people
2205:Categories
2160:Queensland
2048:Wongkamala
2020:Warndarang
1915:Rembarrnga
1901:Pongaponga
1865:Nunggubuyu
1795:Ngaliwurru
1767:Nangiomeri
1648:Marinunggo
1634:Maridjabin
1557:Kungarakan
1508:Jamindjung
1417:Emmiyangal
1382:Djerimanga
1298:Bingongina
1249:Anmatyerre
1177:Aboriginal
973:Tiwi wives
620:Weeks 2016
584:Dixon 2002
562:Dixon 2002
491:Dean Rioli
383:club, the
287:and fish.
133:Aboriginal
2041:Wilingura
2027:Warumungu
2006:Warlmanpa
1957:Wadjiginy
1816:Ngarinman
1781:Ngalakgan
1732:Muringura
1697:Matuntara
1606:Mangarayi
1592:Madngella
1578:Kwarandji
1571:Kunwinjku
1564:Kunibidji
1480:Gunindiri
1445:Gambalang
1438:Gadjerong
1410:Doolboong
1361:Djalakuru
1284:Bilingara
1277:Beriguruk
1228:Amijangal
1214:Alyawarre
940:Ethnology
572:Citations
300:dreamtime
277:bandicoot
86:Languages
2181:Victoria
2174:Tasmania
2090:Yaroinga
2055:Wulwulam
2013:Warlpiri
1999:Wardaman
1992:Wandjira
1908:Puneitja
1879:Perrakee
1844:Ngormbur
1718:Mudburra
1655:Marijedi
1585:Larrakia
1536:Kaytetye
1487:Gurindji
1459:Giimbiyu
1424:Gaagudju
1291:Binbinga
1256:Arrernte
1098:13 April
1064:(1974).
1004:40327319
971:(1971).
912:(2002).
443:Ben Long
243:Marriage
176:Language
141:Melville
137:Bathurst
129:Tunuvivi
18:Tunuvivi
2125:Yunggor
2083:Yanyuwa
2069:Yangman
2062:Wurango
1985:Wambaya
1964:Wagoman
1887:Pintupi
1858:Nungali
1823:Ngarnka
1809:Ngardok
1690:Mati Ke
1627:Maridan
1620:Mariamo
1543:Kukatja
1522:Jingili
1494:Iwaidja
1466:Gudanji
1389:Djinang
1375:Djerait
1354:Dhuwala
1333:Dalabon
1319:Dagoman
1312:Burarra
1270:Awinmul
1193:Airiman
983:Oceania
961:3772851
885:Sources
306:Culture
265:wallaby
233:kinship
228:kinship
217:Kinship
2104:Yolngu
1971:Wakaya
1950:Wadere
1943:Waanyi
1830:Ngarti
1802:Ngandi
1788:Ngalia
1753:Nagara
1550:Kunapa
1515:Jawoyn
1403:Djowei
1396:Djinba
1347:Dhuwal
1305:Bininj
1263:Awarai
1221:Amarak
1121:
1080:
1050:
1027:
1002:
959:
926:
837:17 May
339:kulama
285:dugong
151:. The
149:Darwin
2111:Yukul
2034:Watta
1936:Tjial
1872:Oitbi
1704:Maung
1669:Marra
1662:Mariu
1501:Jaako
1431:Gaari
1368:Djaŋu
1340:Dangu
1207:Alura
1200:Alawa
1000:JSTOR
957:JSTOR
528:Notes
333:Music
326:ochre
237:races
210:Dutch
155:is a
67:2,000
2118:Yumu
1978:Walu
1929:Tiwi
1326:Daii
1119:ISBN
1100:2020
1078:ISBN
1048:ISBN
1025:ISBN
1021:Holt
924:ISBN
839:2022
181:Tiwi
139:and
127:(or
123:The
92:Tiwi
992:doi
949:doi
343:yam
319:Art
292:yoi
113:See
2207::
1136:.
1117:.
1113:.
1076:.
1072:.
1068:.
1046:.
1023:.
1019:.
998:.
986:.
955:.
943:.
922:.
900:.
896:.
827:.
275:,
98:,
1881:?
1169:e
1162:t
1155:v
1140:.
1127:.
1102:.
1086:.
1056:.
1033:.
1006:.
994::
988:1
975:.
963:.
951::
945:1
932:.
904:.
622:.
610:.
341:(
102:)
81:)
20:)
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