676:. Lenin, who recently had been shot and wounded, could not attend, but his greetings were received with cheers and applause. Afterwards Nerman spoke briefly with Trotsky who was in a hurry to go out and fight in the Civil War the same night. Nerman mentioned that the Swedish press, and even the Social Democratic newspapers, wrote almost every day that the Soviet government was about to fall, but still it remained. "Yes," answered Trotsky with a stern smile, "and we will remain."
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in 1914, and the collapse of the
Socialist International, came as a shock to Ture Nerman. Almost all the leaders of the European Socialist Parties suddenly sided with their bourgeoisie governments in support of the war, and turned against their former Socialist allies. Workers were killing workers on
468:
When Ture Nerman returned in the mid summer to Sweden, Zeth Höglund complained, asking if it really had been necessary of him to go to
America when he was so much needed at home in the intensifying class battle and the struggle within the Swedish Social Democratic Party between the left wing and the
951:
in the streets of
Stockholm. Nils Flyg had developed into a Nazi supporter. Nerman asked him: "What are you going to do now?" Flyg said: "I’m going to save Sweden – and I’m going to save you too!" Ture Nerman gave him an ironic "Thank you." They never saw each other again: only a couple of weeks
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from
Germany. Those two could not participate, but sent their greetings and support. Luxemburg was in jail for anti-war propaganda, while Liebknecht had been mobilized by the German military to dig trenches on the frontline. Returning to Sweden, Zeth Höglund was also sentenced to jail for his
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In 1940, Nerman was sentenced to three months in prison by
Swedish authorities for writing an article in "Trots Allt!" where Nerman claimed that Hitler had ordered a 1939 bombing and assassination attempt in a MĂĽnich beer cellar. Nerman was a parliamentarian at the time of his conviction.
742:. The majority of the party's members, the non-Stalinists, were expelled, including Ture Nerman, Karl Kilbom and Nils Flyg. The minority (Stalinists) seized the party's headquarter and its archives, but the majority (non-Stalinists) managed to keep control over the newspaper
841:" Ture Nerman and August SpĂĄngberg were the masterminds of the battle in Barcelona. Nerman wrote in his autobiography: "I was falsely accused by the Stalinists of being in a pact with Hitler. But in reality, not much more than a year later, Stalin himself would be in a
183:, industrial city of Norrköping. His father owned a bookstore in the city and had married an employee who was many years younger: she became the mother of Ture and his two younger brothers. As a boy, Ture Nerman loved reading the books at his fathers store, especially
634:, who was the leader of the Petrograd Soviet. They knew each other from Zimmerwald. Zinoviev asked him: "When will you make revolution in Sweden?" Nerman replied modestly that they did not have a definitive date yet. The next day Nerman attended a rally outside the
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On 20 April 1933, a couple of months after Hitler had taken power in
Germany, Nerman stood up in the Swedish parliament and demanded that Sweden should grant asylum for all German Jews who would like to come. The issue was taken up for vote, but voted against.
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On 3 May, serious fighting between the different leftist groups broke out in
Barcelona, and Hotel Victoria, where the Swedes were staying, was caught in the crossfire which lasted for three days. At the same hotel, Ture Nerman for the first time met
862:. Flyg wanted Ture Nerman to stay but he didn't like the development of the party and left voluntarily. (A couple of years later, Nils Flyg would suddenly become pro-Nazi and take the Socialist Party with him on this new course.)
365:. At the convention, the leaders of all the European Socialist parties agreed to stand together internationally to prevent any future wars. With a united international working class, they stated, there could be no more wars.
337:, but this time they got to know each other well. In his autobiography, Nerman writes that he was surprised and impressed to learn that Liebknecht could speak almost fluent Swedish and liked to sing songs by
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Ture Nerman had a seat in the parliament 1946–1953. He retired after that, at 67 years of age. For the next three years (1954 till 1957) Nerman served as publisher of the bimonthly magazine
299:, (New Society). At this point Nerman had already gotten a couple of his poetry books published. Many of these were radical, provocative poems, aimed against the church, the Swedish king and the
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The day after, Nerman got to sit down with
Bukharin for a long interview, in which Bukharin expressed his optimism in the world revolution and socialist future. The same day he met with
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was a major social problem in Sweden in the early 20th century, and Nerman considered alcohol to be a drug that made the working class passive instead of fighting for better conditions.
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At the beginning of 1917, the struggle between the left and the right within the Social
Democratic Party resulted in a split. Zeth Höglund and Ture Nerman, now considering themselves
955:
On 7 May 1945 Nazi
Germany finally surrendered. On 16 May, Ture Nerman went to the liberated Norway together with a group of Norwegian refugees returning from their exile in Sweden.
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in Russia, but when Zeth Höglund broke with the Communist Party in 1924, Ture Nerman remained, although less involved in the leadership. The party's new leadership was composed of
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had been a great supporter of the Norwegian freedom struggle against the Nazi occupation and smuggled in illegal issues of the paper had been were popular amongst the Norwegians.
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standpoint and in 1908 he was caught by the secret police handing out illegal anti-militarist leaflets. He was first convicted to jail, but the penalty was altered to a 300
519:. The new party was formed in May 1917 and had around 20,000 members. It would soon change name and become the first Communist Party of Sweden. They launched a newspaper,
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archipelago in late October. The positive energies he had massed from his experience in revolutionary Russia were replaced with devastation after hearing of the failed
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933:. Ture Nerman was even sentenced to jail for three months in the winter of 1939. But the paper was very popular and a lot of financial help came in from supporters.
762:, where he served till 1937 as a representative of the independent communist Party. When he held speeches in the chamber, he usually tried to make them into poems.
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Ture Nerman would make one more trip to Russia, in 1927. It was the tenth anniversary of the revolution. Lenin was dead now and things had started to change.
383:, and against 110 of his own Party members, when he voted against German war credits. Learning of Liebknecht's action, Ture Nerman knew which side he was on.
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declared itself independent from the rule of the Swedish crown. These changes radicalized Ture Nerman politically to the left. He had already started reading
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The majority, under the leadership of Kilbom, tried to keep running a Swedish Communist Party independent from Moscow. In 1934 this party took the name
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Upon returning to Sweden in the summer he learned about the death of his father. His family had tried to delay the funeral, but still he had missed it.
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288:, where he stayed a couple of weeks. Upon returning to Sweden he was once again sent money by his father to pay off the fine to avoid going to jail.
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Höglund, who was the leader of the Party's youth organisation, managed to get the whole young socialists on his side in the foundation of the
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Nerman wrote several volumes of poetry. Mostly love poems or political revolutionary ones, and sometimes love and politics combined, like in
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since it broke with the neutrality. Many of Nerman's anti-war and anti-Nazi writings of this time were not allowed to be published by the
536:, Ture Nerman was one of those who greeted Lenin and took care of him while there. For instance, the Swedish Communists took Lenin to the
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1143:(The most beautiful love song), about a soldier who dies in the world war. He also wrote songs, including for the Swedish revue star
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in the spring of 1920, where he got to meet with Lenin, this time as the guest, after having been the host in Stockholm April 1917.
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For the next two years Ture Nerman was without a party and he also lost his seat in the Parliament. In 1939, choosing the date of
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1132:(In the Wild East). He also wrote a book about some of his other political journeys, including to Germany and Zimmerwald, called
1099:, the Swedish-American labor activist and political folk singer. Ture Nerman also translated most of Joe Hill's songs to Swedish.
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river. In his autobiography, Nerman describes this as his first revolutionary action. Some years later when he was asked by the
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during his election campaign. Nerman had met Liebknecht briefly a couple of years earlier on a socialist gathering in
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department store, where they bought him a brand-new suit so he would look good and clean coming back home to Russia.
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for several months. To finance the trip he wrote articles for several Swedish newspapers. He arrived by boat in
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Afterwards, by orders from the Comintern, Stalinist press all over the world would claim that the Swedish "
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activities in the international anti-war movement, even though Sweden didn't participate in the World War.
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394:. It united the remaining international socialist anti-war movement, whose more prominent leaders were
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On New Year's Day in 1912, and the following weeks, Nerman and some of his Swedish friends went to
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Lenin's Struggle for a Revolutionary International - Documents, 1907–1916; the Preparatory Years
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and his wife, the sister of Trotsky. Nerman was welcomed to live with the Kamenev family at the
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Ture Nerman then started a tour speaking to American workers, mostly of Scandinavian origin, in
889:, but Ture Nerman was not neutral. During the war, Ture Nerman was best known as the editor of
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1229:"USA paid for propaganda in Sweden in the 1950s?". Sveriges Radio. Retrieved 22 November 2016.
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1092:) a critical view of the development of international communism from Lenin to Stalin. (1949).
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what had made him a socialist, Nerman answered that it had been the questioning of religion.
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When he returned home to Sweden from the chaos in Spain he was met by a chaos in his own
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fine. His father sent him the money, but the rebellious son used it to finance a trip to
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where he stayed only for a short time but took the chance to go up to the top of the
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Nerman translated a lot of Marxist literature from German to Swedish, especially by
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At the start of the year 1915, (before Zimmerwald), Nerman travelled around in the
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1078:– (The Human Race on the March) – a Marxist perspective of the history of mankind.
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In 1907, Nerman was conscripted for military service. By his own request, he got
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1128:(In the Wild West) and a book about his travels in revolutionary Russia called
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where he started working as a writer for a Social Democratic newspaper called
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that followed, Ture Nerman and the Left Social Democrats fully supported the
1288:. (autobiography vol. 3.) Stockholm: Kooperativa förbundets bokförlag, 1954.
1281:. (autobiography vol. 2.) Stockholm: Kooperativa förbundets bokförlag, 1950.
1274:. (autobiography vol. 1.) Stockholm: Kooperativa förbundets bokförlag, 1948.
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benefited from the massive support of Nazi-Germany (financial and military:
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In 1931 Ture Nerman, 44 years old, was elected to the first chamber of the
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journalist, author, and political activist. He also wrote poems and songs.
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In November 1912, Nerman attended the special emergency convention of the
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But there were exceptions. His friend Karl Liebknecht stood alone in the
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of 1918/1919, and the murdering of Karl Liebknecht and Rosa Luxemburg.
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1217:"Vestkusten 11 January 1940 — California Digital Newspaper Collection"
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At the end of the summer of 1918, Ture Nerman traveled together with
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was taken over by the minority fraction of Stalinists led by
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After spending some days in Petrograd, the trip continued to
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Nerman also corresponded with the American socialist leaders
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Smashing the Liquor Machine: A Global History of Prohibition
922:, which he wrote on the day before he was murdered in 1919.
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The paper borrowed its name from a text by Karl Liebknecht,
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paper that caused furor at the German Embassy in Stockholm.
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At the end of 1942, Ture Nerman ran into his former friend
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also criticized the Swedish government for, out of fear of
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When World War II broke out in 1939 Sweden declared itself
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and agitated for a similar Communist revolution in Sweden.
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in Russia and revolutionary development in Scandinavia as
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Nerman wrote a book about his journey in America called
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One of Nerman's closest collaborators in those days was
265:). Nerman started going to socialist youth meetings in
1010:. He even became an advocate of Swedish membership in
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had taken power and expelled the former party leader
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On 3 October, Nerman attended a grand meeting at the
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with the hammer and the sickle outside his house in
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and soon became part of the left wing together with
1109:Ture Nerman's three volume autobiography is called
51:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1032:Ture Nerman has a small street named after him in
1026:, was an ironic reference to his earlier beliefs.
461:He also took some time to visit some relatives in
163:Ture Nerman had younger twin brothers, the artist
925:At first the Swedish government did not tolerate
532:on his journey from exile in Switzerland home to
697:Ture Nerman made his second trip to Russia with
810:were fighting everyone. The Nationalists under
179:Nerman grew up in a middle-class family in the
1239:institutet (Sweden), Utrikespolitiska (1956).
1002:This confirms his positive opinions about the
995:Nerman was a member of the first board of the
291:In 1909, Nerman moved to the northern city of
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1095:Ture Nerman wrote a biographical book about
1082:Kommunisterna: frĂĄn Komintern till Kominform
790:was ravaging the country. They went through
1356:Swedish Social Democratic Party politicians
1245:. Manhattan Publishing Company. p. 84.
686:Ture Nerman returned to Sweden through the
630:, Nerman was invited two visit the home of
1366:Socialist Party (Sweden, 1929) politicians
992:(Swedish Committee for Cultural Freedom).
798:. The civil war was a chaos. At times the
554:As an international representative of the
1102:Ture Nerman also wrote a biography about
566:, who lived and worked in Stockholm; and
528:In April 1917, when Lenin passed through
111:Learn how and when to remove this message
1431:Swedish people of the Spanish Civil War
1206:Marxists.org. Retrieved 4 February 2023
1182:. Oxford University Press. p. 53.
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1176:Schrad, Mark Lawrence (22 June 2021).
990:Svenska kommittén för kulturens frihet
543:Upon Lenin's return in Russia and the
1302:. Stockholm: Ljungbergs förlag, 1930.
1295:. Stockholm: Ljungbergs förlag, 1935.
1259:. Falun: Carlssons bokförlag, 2005. (
589:)) and the American communist leader
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1202:Karl Liebknecht. (15 January 1919).
997:Sweden–Israel Friendship Association
830:and after that become Chancellor of
770:In 1937, Ture Nerman and his friend
516:Swedish Social Democratic Left Party
49:adding citations to reliable sources
1308:, New York, Pathfinder press 1986 (
852:, the independent communist party.
1147:. Nerman also worked closely with
984:, a publication of the CIA-backed
944:, who also was sentenced to jail.
715:Ture Nerman condemned the rise of
276:. Nerman had already developed an
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198:Nerman graduated from Norrköping
1466:20th-century Swedish journalists
1072:(1918) – a study of World War I.
734:made sure that the power of the
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1361:Left Party (Sweden) politicians
1141:Den vackraste visan om kärleken
871:Swedish Social Democratic Party
308:Swedish Social Democratic Party
212:Swedish Social Democratic Party
36:needs additional citations for
1436:Swedish people of World War II
1411:Members of the Första kammaren
649:, where Nerman was greeted by
473:The birth of Swedish Communism
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1242:Sweden and the United Nations
361:, due to the outbreak of the
353:, which had been summoned to
221:After graduation he moved to
16:Swedish socialist (1886–1969)
986:Congress of Cultural Freedom
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664:. Amongst the speakers were
1456:20th-century travel writers
368:Therefore, the outbreak of
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1461:20th-century Swedish poets
1346:Anti–World War I activists
345:World War I and Zimmerwald
1446:Uppsala University alumni
1381:Writers from Östergötland
1117:(Everything Was Red) and
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755:(Socialistiska partiet).
386:Together with his friend
257:. Soon he would discover
237:The year 1905 saw both a
1426:Swedish Comintern people
1113:(Everything Was Young),
1084:- (The Communists: from
488:in Stockholm April 1917.
138:– 7 October 1969) was a
1471:20th-century memoirists
1451:Swedish autobiographers
1421:Swedish anti-communists
1076:Mänskligheten på marsch
736:Swedish Communist Party
556:Swedish Communist Party
351:Socialist International
306:Ture Nerman joined the
1406:Swedish travel writers
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1351:People from Norrköping
1121:(Despite Everything!).
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952:later Nils Flyg died.
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392:Zimmerwald Conference
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1376:Marxist journalists
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973:Ture Nerman's alley
915:of 66,000 in 1942.
895:Despite Everything!
839:Trotskyist Fascists
681:Alexandra Kollontay
617:Angelica Balabanoff
564:Angelica Balabanoff
233:Political awakening
1401:Swedish memoirists
1391:Swedish male poets
1371:Swedish communists
1257:Hemmabolsjevikerna
1104:Cyrano de Bergerac
1042:Ture Nermans gränd
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802:were fighting the
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484:, Ture Nerman and
437:Woolworth Building
373:the battlefields.
227:Uppsala University
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1255:Kan, Aleksander.
1189:978-0-19-084159-1
1044:), as well as in
1029:He died in 1969.
766:In Franco's Spain
711:Against Stalinism
692:German revolution
247:August Strindberg
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603:In Soviet Russia
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1151:in the 1930s.
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730:In 1929, the
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596:The Liberator
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504:Fredrik Ström
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152:and a strict
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62: –
61:
60:"Ture Nerman"
57:
56:Find sources:
50:
46:
40:
39:
34:This article
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28:
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1149:Karl Gerhard
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1136:(Red Trips).
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976:in Stockholm
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894:
890:
884:
880:
877:World War II
867:First of May
864:
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847:
838:
836:
832:West Germany
828:World War II
824:Willy Brandt
820:
792:Nazi Germany
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621:Anton Nilson
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611:Young Nerman
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469:right wing.
467:
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449:
445:World's Fair
426:
408:Robert Grimm
404:Leon Trotsky
388:Zeth Höglund
385:
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348:
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312:Zeth Höglund
305:
296:
290:
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236:
225:to study at
220:
208:Motala ström
197:
187:books about
178:
165:Einar Nerman
162:
147:
131:
130:
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88:
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67:
55:
43:Please help
38:verification
35:
18:
1341:1969 deaths
1336:1886 births
1286:Trots allt!
1119:Trots allt!
1034:Kungsholmen
1016:Soviet flag
957:Trots Allt!
927:Trots Allt!
913:circulation
904:Trots allt!
897:), an anti-
891:Trots allt!
860:Karl Kilbom
804:Trotskyists
740:Hugo Sillén
721:Karl Kilbom
591:Max Eastman
568:Yrjö Sirola
452:Minneapolis
370:World War I
363:Balkan Wars
359:Switzerland
301:bourgeoisie
251:Leo Tolstoy
132:Ture Nerman
127:Ture Nerman
1330:Categories
1163:References
1145:Ernst Rolf
1134:Röda resor
1014:. The red
931:censorship
808:Anarchists
800:Stalinists
560:Karl Radek
549:Bolsheviks
495:Communists
423:In America
329:to follow
239:revolution
214:'s leader
175:Background
158:Alcoholism
154:teetotaler
150:vegetarian
136:Norrköping
101:March 2023
71:newspapers
1090:Cominform
1086:Comintern
1070:Folkhatet
1038:Stockholm
999:in 1953.
949:Nils Flyg
856:Nils Flyg
796:Barcelona
788:civil war
745:Politiken
732:Comintern
725:Nils Flyg
717:Stalinism
668:, Radek,
640:civil war
628:Petrograd
587:Folkhatet
583:John Reed
534:Petrograd
530:Stockholm
522:Politiken
381:Reichstag
335:Stockholm
316:reformist
293:Sundsvall
259:Karl Marx
255:Ellen Key
200:gymnasium
143:socialist
1106:in 1919.
1097:Joe Hill
1006:and the
988:and the
670:Bukharin
666:Sverdlov
632:Zinoviev
887:neutral
760:Riksdag
688:Finnish
674:Trotsky
655:Kremlin
651:Kamenev
456:Chicago
339:Bellman
327:Germany
318:leader
267:Uppsala
263:Marxism
223:Uppsala
193:Indians
189:cowboys
185:western
140:Swedish
85:scholar
1312:
1263:
1186:
1054:Norway
1050:Namsos
1046:Bergen
909:Hitler
647:Moscow
378:Berlin
282:kronor
243:Norway
87:
80:
73:
66:
58:
1064:Works
1020:Blidö
776:Spain
482:Lenin
355:Basel
286:Paris
204:bible
92:JSTOR
78:books
1310:ISBN
1261:ISBN
1184:ISBN
1048:and
1012:NATO
899:Nazi
723:and
619:and
570:and
454:and
414:and
402:and
253:and
191:and
64:news
1088:to
1060:).
845:."
782:'s
626:In
538:PUB
357:in
47:by
1332::
1316:).
1052:,
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108:(
103:)
99:(
89:·
82:·
75:·
68:·
41:.
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