104:, where the animal is killed by having its throat cut swiftly using an extremely sharp and specially designed knife. Many rabbis assert that these regulations were put in place to reduce the animal's suffering and to ensure that the animal has the easiest possible death. The design of the kosher knives as well as regulation relating to how the cut is made have been seen to greatly reduce or completely eliminate reaction from the kosher cut. Even modern-day scientists critical of shechita agree that it greatly improved welfare at slaughter in historical periods, though experts disagree regarding shechita's efficacy compared to modern slaughter methods.
351:
chickens to market for the first time in approximately 50 years. Heritage breed chickens and turkeys are able to achieve highest possible welfare outcomes. Thus, the renewed availability of heritage chicken to kosher consumer has helped expand values of tza'ar ba'alei chayim within the modern kosher
346:
The Jewish
Initiative For Animals (JIFA) supports innovative programs that seek to turn the Jewish value of tza'ar ba'alei chayim into action and build Jewish American communities in the process. In November 2016 JIFA partnered with kosher meat distributors KOL Foods and Grow and Behold to bring a
700:
Prepared as a
Contribution from the Animal Welfare Branch, Product Integrity Animal and Plant Health Division, Australian Government Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry for the Animal Welfare Working Group of the Animal Health Committee, Primary Industries Standing Committee of
337:
Standards (HFAC) as sufficiently preventing unnecessary suffering to animals. Amid disputed claims of
Orthodox opposition the Magen Tzedek commission has not been successful in recruiting any food producers into its certification program.
373:, the prohibition on causing animals pain, is one of the most beautiful teachings in Judaism. Our Jewish sacred texts strongly emphasize compassion for animals, and strongly oppose the infliction of suffering on another living creature."
74:
is an (ancient) Hebrew word for "suffering" and is used in this context with the meaning of "suffering that does not advance some legitimate human good", according to The Oxford
Handbook of Jewish Ethics and Morality.
358:. This curriculum seeks to engages with Jewish teaching and real life problems about topics such as homeless animals, animals used in entertainment, farmed animal welfare, conservation of wildlife and more.
146:, for example, affirms that animal research is permissible if it will save human lives, so long as animals are subjected to little pain and not used in "frivolous" experiments such as cosmetic testing.
115:'s Committee on Jewish Law and Standards banned the common slaughter method of "shackling and hoisting" (pulling a conscious animal into the air with a chain before slaughter). Rabbis
1128:
388:
organization. In
December 2015, it introduced animal welfare as a core value of its agenda. The organization teaches that "preventing unnecessary cruelty to animals, or
295:
is a Jewish animal protection group that educates leaders, trains advocates, and leads campaigns for the humane treatment of animals. Shamyim V'Aretz is led by rabbi
352:
meat industry. JIFA has also sought to spread the values of tza'ar ba'alei chayim into the Jewish world through its Ark
Project, a service-learning curriculum for
536:
Rabbi Moses ben Israel
Isserles (Rama), Even HaEzer 5:14: Anything that is for health purposes or other purposes, there is no concern for tzaโar baโalei chayim...
127:
on this topic which concluded that shackling and hoisting "unquestionably constitutes a violation of Jewish laws that forbid us to cause undue pain to animals."
771:
142:
Most Jewish authorities allow medical research if it will help people in need, and if the animals do not undergo any unnecessary suffering. Reform
Judaism's
204:
has written that considering tza'ar ba'alei chayim may lead to "committing to a vegan diet and boycotting the animal agriculture industry." American author
275:
saw in his own ailment the punishment for having once failed to show compassion for a frightened calf. This midrash has sometimes also been linked with
219:
Resting on the
Sabbath also meant providing rest for the working animals, and people are instructed to feed their animals before they sit down to eat.
211:
Some
Orthodox Jews, however, firmly reject these views and believe that God created the entire world, including animals, for the enjoyment of man.
196:
has argued that the slaughter of animals in contemporary times violates tza'ar ba'alei chayim and should not be considered kosher. Israeli rabbi
622:
1342:
988:
593:
143:
1257:
59:
as being a biblical mandate. It is linked in the Talmud from the biblical law requiring people to assist in unloading burdens from animals (
1033:
139:, "anything that is necessary for medical purposes, or for anything else, is exempt from the prohibition of causing suffering to animals".
497:
225:
A prohibition against using two different kinds of animals teamed together, such as ploughing or doing other work, is derived from the
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elaborates upon this prohibition. The underlying concern is for the welfare of the animals, particularly the weaker of the pair.
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804:
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is an organization whose mission is to encourage and help Jews to embrace plant-based diets. The organization teaches that "
1430:
200:
has argued that contemporary slaughter "constitutes cruelty to animals which is forbidden by the Torah." American rabbi
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310:
1435:
1145:
423:
Cohen-Sherbok, Dan (2006). "Hope for the Animal Kingdom: A Jewish Vision". In Patton, Kimberley; Waldau, Paul (eds.).
1385:
1425:
1208:
778:
416:
Tsa'ar Ba'ale Hayim: Prevention of Cruelty to Animals: Its Bases, Development and Legislation in Hebrew Literature
264:
that made him the shepherd of his people. This midrash has sometimes been linked with tza'ar ba'alei chayim.
1420:
610:--literally "suffering" and understood to mean suffering that does not advance some legitimate human good...
385:
334:
222:
At harvest time, the working animals must not be muzzled, so that they can eat of the harvest as they work.
248:
has characterized bullfighting as "a culture of sinful and cruel people" which is opposed by Torah values.
1410:
696:"specifying the risks to animal welfare associated with livestock slaughter without induced insensibility"
184:
A number of authorities have described tza'ar ba'alei chayim as requiring or leading to the adoption of a
904:
456:
Levi, Ze'ev (2001). "Ethical Issues of Animal Welfare in Jewish Thought". In Yaffe, Martin D. (ed.).
401:
326:
238:
179:
112:
98:
In traditional Jewish law, kosher animals may be eaten if killed using the slaughter method known as
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commission, formerly known as Hekshher Tzedek. The Magen Tzedek commission sees compliance with the
929:
Claussen, Geoffrey (2019). Labendz, Jacob; Yanklowitz, Shmuly (eds.). "Musar and Jewish Veganism".
354:
205:
108:
60:
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is an expression literally meaning "owners of life", which is used in the Talmud for "animals".
432:
17:
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589:
583:
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296:
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201:
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has claimed that tza'ar ba'alei chayim is a central reason for Jews to become vegetarians.
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The Vision of Eden: Animal Welfare and Vegetarianism in Jewish Law and Mysticism
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unnecessary suffering. This concept is not clearly enunciated in the written
817:
124:
116:
100:
93:
588:. Oxford Handbooks (First ed.). Oxford University Press. p. 428.
1307:
1233:
677:"Religious slaughter and animal welfare: a discussion for meat scientists"
715:"Religious slaughter and animal welfare:a discussion for meat scientists"
305:
189:
1012:. Vol. Zeraim vol. II. London: The Soncino Press. pp. 87โ88.
476:
Man and Beast: Our Relationships with Animals in Jewish Law and Thought
257:
234:
44:
1146:"Magen Tzedek, Ethical Kosher Seal, Stalled Amid Orthodox Opposition"
880:
167:
162:
prohibits eating the flesh of live animals. This law is derived from
56:
48:
650:
27:
Jewish commandment which bans causing animals unnecessary suffering
740:"Top vet calls for reform of kosher and halal slaughter practices"
511:(13). The Adult Centre for Liberal Jewish Learning. Archived from
381:
261:
244:
Sports like bullfighting are forbidden by most authorities. Rabbi
226:
52:
1104:
299:
and has run campaigns which seek to end: kosher certification of
292:
427:
A Communion of Subjects: Animals in Religion, Science and Ethics
300:
154:
A concern for suffering caused to animals is found in Judaism's
449:
Judaism and Animal Rights: Classical and Contemporary Responses
441:
Jewish Veganism and Vegetarianism: Studies and New Directions.
1386:
MyJewishLearning.com: Ethical Treatment of Animals in Judaism
1334:
Jewish Veganism and Vegetarianism: Studies and New Directions
1071:
Jewish Veganism and Vegetarianism: Studies and New Directions
931:
Jewish Veganism and Vegetarianism: Studies and New Directions
856:"ืืืขืื ืืช ืืืืืชื: ืืืจืื ืฉืืืขื ืฉืื ืืืืืื ืืฉืจ ืืืืื ืืืจืืืช ืฉืืช"
549:
Deep Ecology and World Religions: New Essays on Sacred Ground
309:, and the kosher certifying of cattle that are killed using
621:
Rabbi Yonatan Neril and Evonne Marzouk of Canfei Nesharim,
260:
declares compassion for animals to have been the merit of
979:
Wald, Stephen (2007). "Kilayim". In Skolnik, Fred (ed.).
546:
Barnhill, David Landis; Gottlieb, Roger S. (2010-03-29).
1161:"'Kosher' Should Not Be Synonymous With Factory Farming"
158:, which apply to all humankind. One of the seven laws,
1331:
Labendz, Jacob Ari; Yanklowitz, Shmuly (2019-03-25).
1283:"Raising a New Generation of Jewish Animal Advocates"
1234:"BuyingPoultry.com - Products that match your values"
1068:
Labendz, Jacob Ari; Yanklowitz, Shmuly (2019-03-25).
636:"Deconstructing Kosher Slaughter Part 2: The Basics"
983:(2nd ed.). Detroit, MI.: Macmillan Reference.
43:), literally "suffering of living creatures", is a
623:Compassion Toward Animals and Tza'ar Ba'alei Chaim
325:in food production has been part of the effort of
1105:"The Shamayim V'Aretz Institute | ืืืื ืฉืืื ืืืจืฅ"
585:The Oxford Handbook of Jewish Ethics and Morality
582:Elliot N. Dorff; Jonathan K. Crane, eds. (2013).
431:. New York: Columbia University Press. pp.
215:Other areas of concern for animals in Jewish law
1109:The Shamayim V'Aretz Institute | ืืืื ืฉืืื ืืืจืฅ
439:Labendz, Jacob Ari; Yanklowitz, Shmuly (2019).
418:. Jerusalem and New York: Feldheim Publishers.
8:
1391:Jewish perspectives from the Humane Society
665:Maimonides, Guide for the Perplexed, III:48
948:. New York: Lantern Books. pp. 15โ39.
458:Judaism and Environmental Ethics: A Reader
1185:"Mission - Jewish Initiative for Animals"
625:prepared as part of the Jewcology project
460:. Plymouth: Lexington. pp. 321โ332.
1209:"The Return of Heritage Kosher Chicken"
489:
1004:Israelstam, I. (1948). "Kil'ayim". In
1063:
1061:
958:See Talmud, Tractate Gittin, Page 62A
144:Central Conference of American Rabbis
7:
905:"An Interview of Rabbi Simchah Roth"
40:
25:
1396:The Jewish Initiative For Animals
1034:"Bullfighting and Visiting a Zoo"
451:. Marblehead: Micah Publications.
342:The Jewish Initiative For Animals
881:"You shall be holy people to Me"
738:Rawlinson, Kevin (2014-03-05).
675:Grandin and Rogenstein (1994).
392:, is a core value in Judaism."
47:commandment which bans causing
18:Tza'ar ba'alei hayyim
933:. Albany: SUNY Press: 210โ211.
703:: vii - 3. historical aspects.
683:. Reactions to the throat cut.
293:The Shamayim V'Aretz Institute
288:The Shamayim V'Aretz Institute
1:
1287:Jewish Initiative for Animals
1213:Jewish Initiative for Animals
1189:Jewish Initiative for Animals
944:Schwartz, Richard H. (2001).
694:Adams & Sheridan (2008).
447:Kalechofsky, Roberta (1992).
287:
1337:. SUNY Press. p. 320.
1452:
652:ืฆืขืจ ืืขืื ืืืื ืืืืื ืืืืืื
649:ืืฉืืืื, ืืฆืืง ื ืืื (2002).
321:Enforcing a commitment to
177:
174:Vegetarianism and veganism
91:
55:, but was accepted by the
946:Judaism and Vegetarianism
909:Jewish Vegetarian Society
772:"Shackling and Hoisting"
474:Slifkin, Nosson (2006).
347:run of kosher certified
267:In one narrative in the
166:, as interpreted in the
1165:blogs.timesofisrael.com
1094:Talmud, Baba Metzia 85a
498:"Tza'ar Ba'alei Chayim"
414:Cohen, Noah J. (1976).
386:environmental education
335:Humane Farm Animal Care
831:"Veganism and Kashrut"
469:. Spring Valley: Orot.
1416:Jewish law principles
655:. ืืืคืงืื. p. 79.
465:Sears, David (2003).
323:tza'ar ba'alei chayim
277:tza'ar ba'alei chayim
32:Tza'ar ba'alei chayim
1431:Jewish vegetarianism
1159:Claussen, Geoffrey.
981:Encyclopedia Judaica
402:Jewish vegetarianism
327:Conservative Judaism
252:Narrative traditions
192:diet. Israeli rabbi
180:Jewish vegetarianism
113:Conservative Judaism
1308:"Mercy for Animals"
1258:"But is it kosher?"
478:. New York: Lambda.
390:tzaar baalei chayim
371:tsa'ar baalei chaim
206:Richard H. Schwartz
150:In the Noahide Code
109:Rabbinical Assembly
1436:Animals in Judaism
303:, the practice of
156:Seven Laws of Noah
1426:Negative Mitzvoth
1344:978-1-4384-7361-1
1238:BuyingPoultry.com
990:978-002-865-928-2
794:Even ha-Ezer 5:14
595:978-0-19-973606-5
518:on March 15, 2012
311:shackle and hoist
297:Shmuly Yanklowitz
269:Babylonian Talmud
239:tractate Kila'yim
231:Deuteronomy 22:10
202:Geoffrey Claussen
160:ever min ha chai,
135:According to the
16:(Redirected from
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