339:
3787:
590:
4639:
3794:
122:
142:
906:, which put them in competition with marsupials. Although extant monotremes lack adult teeth (platypuses have teeth only as juveniles), many extinct monotreme species have been identified based on the morphology of their teeth. Of the eight genes involved in tooth development, four have been lost in both platypus and echidna, indicating that the loss of teeth occurred before the echidna-platypus split.
4633:
1283:
1141:
1240:
876:
5542:
5548:
713:. The average lifespan of an echidna in the wild is estimated at 14–16 years. Fully grown females can weigh about 4.5 kilograms (9.9 lb), the males 33% larger, at about 6 kilograms (13 lb). Though the internal reproductive organs differ, both sexes possess an identical single cloaca opening for urination, defecation, and mating.
776:) and remains in the pouch for 45 to 55 days, at which time it starts to develop spines. The mother digs a nursery burrow and deposits the young, returning every five days to suckle it until it is weaned at seven months. Puggles will stay within their mother's den for up to a year before leaving.
696:
Echidnas do not tolerate extreme temperatures; they shelter from harsh weather in caves and rock crevices. Echidnas are found in forests and woodlands, hiding under vegetation, roots or piles of debris. They sometimes use the burrows (both abandoned and in use) of animals such as rabbits and
816:
It is a challenge to study the echidna in its natural habitat, and they show no interest in mating while in captivity. Prior to 2007, no one had ever seen an echidna ejaculate. There have been previous attempts, trying to force the echidna to ejaculate through the use of
780:
938:
when it was isolated from
Australia and from marsupials. This would explain their rarity in the fossil record, their abundance in present times in New Guinea, and their original adaptation to terrestrial niches, presumably without competition from marsupials.
866:
They are easily stressed and injured by handling. Some ways to help echidnas include picking up litter, causing less pollution, planting vegetation for shelter, supervising pets, reporting hurt echidnas, and leaving them undisturbed.
623:
Echidnas have short, strong limbs with large claws, and are powerful diggers. Their hind claws are elongated and curved backwards to aid in digging. Echidnas have tiny mouths and toothless jaws, and feed by tearing open soft logs,
747:
The female lays a single soft-shelled, leathery egg 22 days after mating, and deposits it directly into her pouch. An egg weighs 1.5 to 2 grams (0.05 to 0.07 oz) and is about 1.4 centimetres (0.55 in) long. While
796:
Male echidnas have a four-headed penis. During mating, the heads on one side "shut down" and do not grow in size; the other two are used to release semen into the female's two-branched reproductive tract. Each time it
2197:
Kuruppath, Sanjana; Bisana, Swathi; Sharp, Julie A; Lefevre, Christophe; Kumar, Satish; Nicholas, Kevin R (11 August 2012). "Monotremes and marsupials: Comparative models to better understand the function of milk".
1294:
Despite the similar dietary habits and methods of consumption to those of an anteater, there is no evidence supporting the idea that echidna-like monotremes have been myrmecophagic (ant or termite-eating) since the
620:, which has 40,000 electroreceptors on its bill, but the long-beaked echidna has only 2,000, while the short-beaked echidna, which lives in a drier environment, has no more than 400 at the tip of its snout.
831:
begins in late June and extends through
September. During mating season, a female may be followed by a line or "train" of up to 10 males, the youngest trailing last, and some males switching between lines.
727:
and accompanying stress resistance, echidnas are long-lived for their size; the longest recorded lifespan for a captive echidna is 50 years, with anecdotal accounts of wild individuals reaching 45 years.
887:
period. Most findings from genetics studies (especially of nuclear genes) are in agreement with the paleontological dating, but some other evidence, like mitochondrial DNA, give slightly different dates.
781:
632:
is created by a large cartilaginous funnel, deep in the muscle. At 33 °C (91.4 °F), echidnas also possess the second-lowest active body temperature of all mammals, behind the platypus.
782:
739:
sleep, but only in a comfortable temperature around 25 °C (77 °F). At lower or higher temperatures of 15 °C (59 °F) and 28 °C (82 °F), REM sleep is suppressed.
681:
have sharp, tiny spines that help them capture their prey. They have no teeth, so they break down their food by grinding it between the bottoms of their mouths and their tongues. Echidnas'
1587:
2311:
1892:
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streamlining, dorsally projecting hind limbs acting as rudders, and locomotion founded on hypertrophied humeral long-axis rotation, which provides an efficient swimming stroke.
2679:
784:
546:
who was half-woman, half-snake, as the animal was perceived to have qualities of both mammals and reptiles. An alternative explanation is a confusion with
Ancient Greek:
6099:
6138:
2255:
2281:
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are 7 cm (3 in) long and are cylindrical in shape; they are usually broken and unrounded, and composed largely of dirt and ant-hill material.
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and the like, and licking off prey with their long, sticky tongues. The ears are slits on the sides of their heads under the spines. The
3104:
613:
2386:
2180:
2064:
1422:
elders Una
Thompson and Stephanie Thompson Nganjmirra, once captured, an echidna is carried attached to the wrist like a thick bangle.
3161:
1197:
612:
echidnas with pink eyes and white spines. They have elongated and slender snouts that function as both mouth and nose, and which have
379:
1412:, and regard it as a prized food and "good medicine". The echidna is hunted at night, gutted, and filled with hot stones and mandak (
6217:
6192:
3049:
2468:
654:
927:
in some environments. Their observed adaptive radiation contradicts the assumption that monotremes are frozen in morphological and
1482:
3793:
1770:
883:
The divergence between oviparous (egg-laying) and viviparous (offspring develop internally) mammals is believed to date to the
6130:
2940:
1966:
688:
Like all mammals, echidnas feed their young on milk, which contains various factors to sustain their growth and development.
6117:
2578:
Flannery, Timothy F.; Rich, Thomas H.; Vickers-Rich, Patricia; Ziegler, Tim; Veatch, E. Grace; Helgen, Kristofer M. (2022).
338:
1243:
In
Australia, the short-beaked echidna may be found in many environments, including urban parkland, such as the shores of
805:
sac in the cloaca. The male echidna's penis is 7 centimetres (2.8 in) long when erect, and its shaft is covered with
549:
141:
1439:
6125:
6021:
6008:
5875:
5866:
1487:
1207:
1187:
1145:
840:
Echidnas are very timid. When frightened, they attempt to partially bury themselves and curl into a ball similar to a
810:
789:
511:
Monotremata. The diet of some species consists of ants and termites, but they are not closely related to the
American
370:
361:
241:
2629:"Inferring the mammal tree: Species-level sets of phylogenies for questions in ecology, evolution and conservation"
736:
589:
6143:
5740:
3124:
3018:
2543:
Musser AM (2003). "Review of the monotreme fossil record and comparison of palaeontological and molecular data".
2289:
1527:
1432:
1893:"Wallaby joeys and platypus puggles are tiny and undeveloped when born. But their mother's milk is near-magical"
6202:
1591:
852:
639:. When swimming, they expose their snout and some of their spines, and are known to journey to water to bathe.
33:
863:. Snakes pose a large threat when they slither into echidna burrows and prey on the spineless young puggles.
5857:
1866:
1034:
643:
279:
5948:
3154:
974:
844:. Strong front arms allow echidnas to dig in and hold fast against a predator pulling them from the hole.
265:
218:
4632:
1983:
6164:
4258:
1477:
899:
647:
6026:
4574:
902:
forms, rather than close relatives of the modern platypus. This would imply that echidnas evolved from
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4553:
3380:
6047:
5995:
5825:
5816:
5733:
5635:
5541:
4917:
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4384:
4293:
3702:
2868:
2817:
2591:
2497:
2414:
2106:
1627:
1464:
1443:
1287:
1256:
798:
670:
352:
129:
5308:
5107:
4961:
4765:
4511:
4369:
4230:
6222:
5986:
5932:
5840:
5506:
5428:
5388:
4968:
4954:
4858:
4815:
4546:
4525:
4518:
4460:
4117:
4096:
3984:
3743:
3709:
3288:
1315:
1244:
1204:), discovered by Western science in 1961 (described in 1998) and preferring a still higher habitat;
928:
678:
539:
5328:
4995:
4932:
4910:
4837:
4822:
4801:
4244:
4054:
2855:
Flannery, T. F.; Rich, T. H.; Vickers-Rich, P.; Ziegler, T.; Veatch, E. G.; Helgen, K. M. (2022).
1807:"George Tobin journal and sketches on HMS Providence, 1791-1793, with additional material to 1831"
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286:
203:
136:
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4532:
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121:
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5408:
5127:
4772:
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3610:
3147:
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2714:
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2420:
2356:
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1962:
1939:
1750:
1712:
1655:
1414:
1388:
1311:, show evidence that echidnas expanded into new ecospace despite competition from marsupials.
1160:
1010:
894:
data suggest echidnas split from platypuses between 19 and 48 million years ago, so that
848:
293:
6104:
5178:
3108:
2486:"The oldest platypus and its bearing on divergence timing of the platypus and echidna clades"
2028:
Dunbar, R.I.M. (1993). "Coevolution of neocortical size, group size and language in humans".
6156:
5788:
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4703:
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4087:
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3449:
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2453:
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1919:
1784:
1742:
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1635:
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910:
856:
822:
765:
600:
Superficially, they resemble the anteaters of South
America and other spiny mammals such as
447:
439:
394:
3004:
4979:
4474:
4346:
4315:
4300:
4214:
4034:
3524:
3485:
3370:
3019:"Absurd Creature of the Week: Forget the Platypus. The Echidna Is the True Champ of Weird"
2242:
Developmental stages of echidna: (A) Echidna eggs; (B) Echidna puggle hatching from egg...
2184:
1806:
1419:
1268:
1124:
includes three extant and two fossil species, with only one extant species from the genus
891:
828:
802:
735:, compared to 80% of a human brain. Contrary to previous research, the echidna does enter
636:
629:
593:
579:
543:
508:
1735:
Bullock, Theodore H.; Hopkins, Carl D.; Popper, Arthur N.; Fay, Richard R., eds. (2005).
586:, the same fibrous protein that makes up fur, claws, nails, and horn sheaths in animals.
2872:
2821:
2778:
2595:
2501:
1741:. Springer Handbook of Auditory Research. Vol. 21. Springer New York. p. 257.
1631:
1616:"Molecules, morphology, and ecology indicate a recent, amphibious ancestry for echidnas"
1560:
6000:
5725:
5701:
5666:
5576:
5137:
5009:
4988:
4924:
4876:
4793:
4717:
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4560:
4331:
4324:
4153:
4044:
3944:
3661:
3230:
2840:
2805:
2709:
2655:
2628:
2520:
2485:
2148:
1934:
1907:
1650:
1615:
960:
801:, it alternates heads in sets of two. When not in use, the penis is retracted inside a
717:
6013:
2556:
2118:
6186:
5696:
5691:
5686:
5671:
5599:
5348:
5280:
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3882:
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3685:
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2613:
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2220:
2049:
1673:
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1334:
806:
769:
658:
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to find earthworms, termites, ants, and other burrowing prey. This is similar to the
328:
321:
314:
307:
300:
79:
2764:
2368:
2237:
2134:
608:. They are usually black or brown in coloration. There have been several reports of
5676:
5398:
5254:
5117:
5034:
5016:
4844:
4758:
4742:
4360:
4251:
4237:
3923:
3825:
3812:
3761:
3633:
3412:
3403:
1172:
1126:
914:
500:
258:
235:
2881:
2856:
2604:
2579:
2455:
Asdell's
Patterns of Mammalian Reproduction: A Compendium of Species-specific Data
1140:
530:-like monotreme. This ancestor was aquatic, but echidnas adapted to life on land.
6039:
2699:
2645:
1834:
1736:
1706:
6086:
5980:
5706:
5681:
5656:
5483:
5318:
5247:
5230:
5208:
5148:
5002:
4947:
4779:
4675:
4656:
4599:
4588:
4497:
4286:
4223:
4183:
4169:
4139:
4132:
4103:
3994:
3954:
3912:
3872:
3862:
3622:
3572:
1908:"Marsupial and monotreme milk – a review of its nutrients and immune properties"
1405:
1319:
1239:
1168:
895:
507:
are the only living mammals that lay eggs and the only surviving members of the
54:
2756:
2010:
1282:
1275:, essentially anywhere ants and termites are available. It is smaller than the
875:
5661:
5629:
5619:
5495:
5455:
5298:
5188:
4786:
4710:
4696:
4453:
4279:
4265:
4162:
4064:
3902:
3842:
3731:
3541:
3533:
3502:
3495:
3419:
2741:(Monotremata, Tachyglossidae), with description of new species and subspecies"
2352:
2211:
2041:
1300:
1296:
1264:
1164:
1149:
1107:
935:
924:
903:
724:
710:
635:
Despite their appearance, echidnas are capable swimmers, as they evolved from
496:
227:
99:
64:
17:
760:; the young echidna, called a puggle, born larval and fetus-like, then sucks
526:
Echidnas evolved between 20 and 50 million years ago, descending from a
6060:
5757:
5512:
5215:
4940:
4830:
4751:
4731:
4415:
4272:
4072:
3644:
3564:
3473:
3388:
3246:
3212:
3203:
2830:
2510:
2072:
University of
Colorado at Boulder, Department of Psychology and Neuroscience
1640:
1401:
1267:, and also occurs in almost all Australian environments, from the snow-clad
1176:
1120:
995:
920:
757:
753:
749:
732:
677:(long-beaked) species typically eat worms and insect larvae. The tongues of
605:
492:
431:
272:
193:
153:
104:
5971:
2718:
2664:
2564:
2529:
2360:
2229:
2126:
2102:"The echidna manifests typical characteristics of rapid eye movement sleep"
1943:
1659:
1746:
5965:
5912:
5903:
5776:
5466:
5368:
5158:
5097:
4724:
3852:
3651:
3510:
3273:
3221:
3194:
1248:
884:
841:
617:
609:
601:
578:
Echidnas are medium-sized, solitary mammals covered with coarse hair and
527:
516:
512:
504:
173:
94:
89:
74:
69:
59:
5640:
5261:
5057:
4377:
3892:
3599:
2983:
2680:"DR_on4phylosCompared_linear_richCol_justScale_ownColors_withTips_80in"
1924:
1356:
1272:
1115:
860:
773:
625:
583:
435:
109:
84:
1535:
6091:
5782:
5770:
5439:
5338:
3341:
3300:
3188:
3170:
1447:
1180:
698:
682:
183:
163:
6078:
5942:
701:. Individual echidnas have large, mutually overlapping territories.
6065:
2905:
2736:
2344:
2484:
Rowe T, Rich TH, Vickers-Rich P, Springer M, Woodburne MO (2008).
1281:
1238:
1139:
1111:
874:
778:
588:
2957:
1787:. Department of Primary Industries, Parks, Water, and Environment
3059:
2806:"Reply to Camens: How recently did modern monotremes diversify?"
2100:
Nicol, SC; Andersen, NA; Phillips, NH; Berger, BJ (March 2000).
1303:
and rat-kangaroos, from around the time of the platypus–echidna
761:
5946:
5729:
5563:
4654:
3810:
3339:
3181:
3143:
3107:. Pelican Lagoon Research & Wildlife Centre. Archived from
752:, the baby echidna opens the leather shell with a reptile-like
1906:
Stannard, Hayley J.; Miller, Robert D.; Old, Julie M. (2020).
483:
6052:
709:
Echidnas and platypuses are the only egg-laying mammals, the
2678:
Upham, Nathan S.; Esselstyn, Jacob A.; Jetz, Walter (2019).
2627:
Upham, Nathan S.; Esselstyn, Jacob A.; Jetz, Walter (2019).
3139:
3044:(6th ed.), Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press,
923:
reproduction in monotremes may give them an advantage over
898:
dating back to over 112.5 million years ago represent
558:
459:
415:
1214:), of which four distinct subspecies have been identified.
934:
It has been suggested that echidnas originally evolved in
471:
913:
can be found in some of the echidna's anatomy, including
720:
on the hind feet, similar to the venomous male platypus.
477:
465:
453:
406:
397:
1167:. They are rare and are hunted for food. They forage in
673:'s diet consists mostly of ants and termites, while the
1534:. Park & Wildlife Service Tasmania. Archived from
788:
A short-beaked echidna building a defensive burrow in
2804:
Phillips, Matthew; Bennett, T.; Lee, Michael (2010).
1771:"Electroreception in fish, amphibians and monotremes"
1290:
curled into a ball; the snout is visible on the right
904:
water-foraging ancestors that returned to land living
642:
The first
European drawing of an echidna was made in
474:
456:
418:
412:
403:
5625:
5615:
5605:
5595:
5585:
5451:
5424:
5414:
5404:
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5384:
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5364:
5354:
5344:
5334:
5324:
5314:
5304:
5294:
5227:
5204:
5194:
5184:
5174:
5164:
5154:
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5133:
5123:
5113:
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5031:
4873:
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4485:
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4357:
4312:
4211:
4180:
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4084:
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4020:
4010:
4000:
3990:
3980:
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3930:
3919:
3908:
3898:
3888:
3878:
3868:
3858:
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3728:
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3629:
3618:
3595:
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3521:
3482:
3430:
3400:
3376:
3366:
2861:
Alcheringa: An Australasian Journal of Palaeontology
2779:"First-ever images prove 'lost echidna' not extinct"
2584:
Alcheringa: An Australasian Journal of Palaeontology
2387:"Exhibitionist spiny anteater reveals bizarre penis"
1705:
Augee, Michael; Gooden, Brett; Musser, Anne (2006).
480:
468:
450:
409:
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5901:
5892:
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5814:
5797:
5649:
5574:
5494:
5465:
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5226:
5078:
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4356:
4311:
4210:
4179:
4149:
4083:
3823:
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3582:
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3520:
3481:
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3429:
3399:
3352:
3299:
3272:
3245:
1614:Phillips, MJ; Bennett, TH; Lee, MS (October 2009).
462:
400:
2452:
825:but this has only resulted in the penis swelling.
950:Cladogram of Tachyglossidae by Upham et al. 2019
2413:Larry Vogelnest; Rupert Woods (18 August 2008).
2326:"One-Sided Ejaculation of Echidna Sperm Bundles"
1263:) is found in southern, southeast and northeast
582:. The spines are modified hairs and are made of
2857:"A review of monotreme (Monotremata) evolution"
2580:"A review of monotreme (Monotremata) evolution"
1506:Reverend Peterson Nganjmirra, personal comment.
1730:
1728:
1708:Echidna : extraordinary egg-laying mammal
1442:was one of the three official mascots for the
1314:Additionally, extinct echidnas continue to be
1299:. The fossil evidence of invertebrate-feeding
5741:
3155:
3005:Sydney 2000: The Mascot – Olympics.com.
8:
2380:
2378:
2187:12 February 2011. Retrieved on 17 June 2015.
2730:
2728:
2011:"Are these animals too 'ugly' to be saved?"
1891:Stannard, Hayley J.; Old, Julie M. (2023).
565:
5943:
5898:
5811:
5748:
5734:
5726:
5571:
5560:
5444:
5287:
5086:
4881:
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4651:
4407:
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3588:
3478:
3359:
3349:
3336:
3278:
3251:
3242:
3178:
3162:
3148:
3140:
2449:"Order Monotremata, Family Tachyglossidae"
2314:." Sexual Development 2.3 (2008): 115-127.
2312:Reproductive biology in egg-laying mammals
2310:Grützner, F., B. Nixon, and R. C. Jones. "
1609:
1607:
1605:
1603:
1601:
1431:The echidna appears on the reverse of the
337:
120:
40:
2880:
2839:
2829:
2708:
2698:
2654:
2644:
2603:
2519:
2509:
2447:Hayssen, V.D.; Van Tienhoven, A. (1993).
2254:Calderwood, Kathleen (18 November 2016).
2219:
1933:
1923:
1872:. NSW National Parks and Wildlife Service
1700:
1698:
1696:
1694:
1649:
1639:
2964:. Bininj Kunwok Regional Language Centre
2912:. Bininj Kunwok Regional Language Centre
2324:Johnston, Steve D.; et al. (2007).
2172:
2170:
756:. Hatching takes place after 10 days of
1829:
1827:
1519:
1499:
3098:. Australian Broadcasting Corporation.
2256:"Taronga Zoo welcomes elusive puggles"
1860:
1858:
1856:
1854:
1852:
1850:
1848:
2735:Flannery, T.F.; Groves, C.P. (1998).
2459:. Cornell University Press. pp.
1555:
1553:
7:
5858:Attenborough's long-beaked echidna (
1867:"Echidnas: Helping them in the wild"
1383:(previously classified in the genus
3105:"Echidna research, Kangaroo island"
2009:Gill, Victoria (19 November 2012).
1590:. National Wildlife. Archived from
1463:echidnas, the most prominent being
1026:
1002:
990:
966:
956:
819:electrically stimulated ejaculation
1711:(2nd ed.). CSIRO. p. 3.
538:Echidnas are possibly named after
25:
6198:Mammals of the Northern Territory
1279:species, and it has longer hair.
6208:Extant Miocene first appearances
5546:
5540:
4637:
4631:
3792:
3785:
2984:"Royal Australian Mint: 5 cents"
1586:Stewart, Doug (April–May 2003).
1483:List of recently extinct mammals
716:Male echidnas have non-venomous
570:'hedgehog, sea urchin'.
446:
393:
140:
2962:Bininj Kunwok Online Dictionary
2935:. Wakefield Press. p. 17.
2933:Fauna of Kakadu and the Top End
2910:Bininj Kunwok Online Dictionary
1811:State Library - New South Wales
1198:Sir David's long-beaked echidna
380:Sir David's long-beaked echidna
2416:Medicine of Australian Mammals
2385:Shultz, N. (26 October 2007).
1:
5876:Western long-beaked echidna (
5867:Eastern long-beaked echidna (
3042:Walker's Mammals of the World
2882:10.1080/03115518.2022.2025900
2605:10.1080/03115518.2022.2025900
2557:10.1016/s1095-6433(03)00275-7
2119:10.1016/S0304-3940(00)00922-8
2065:"The Social Brain Hypothesis"
2030:Behavioral and Brain Sciences
1959:The biology of the monotremes
1459:franchise features a race of
1408:(Australia) call the echidna
879:Short-beaked echidna skeleton
847:Their many predators include
661:'s second breadfruit voyage.
3073:Stewart, Doug (April 2003).
3017:Simon, Matt (19 June 2015).
2810:Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A
2700:10.1371/journal.pbio.3000494
2646:10.1371/journal.pbio.3000494
2490:Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A
2288:. Arkive.org. Archived from
1961:. New York: Academic Press.
1620:Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A
1376:is known only from fossils:
1338:is known only from fossils:
731:The echidna's brain is half
559:
503:species of echidnas and the
6213:Taxa named by Theodore Gill
3075:"The Enigma of the Echidna"
1773:. Map of Life. 7 July 2010.
1678:Online Etymology Dictionary
1588:"The Enigma of the Echidna"
1488:List of prehistoric mammals
1271:to the deep deserts of the
1218:The one fossil species is:
1208:Eastern long-beaked echidna
1194:), of the highland forests;
1188:Western long-beaked echidna
1146:Western long-beaked echidna
790:French Island National Park
371:Eastern long-beaked echidna
362:Western long-beaked echidna
6239:
3090:Parker, J. (1 June 2000).
2757:10.1515/mamm.1998.62.3.367
1957:Griffiths, Mervyn (1978).
548:
547:
31:
5929:
5765:
5570:
5559:
5537:
5447:
5290:
5089:
4884:
4683:
4667:
4663:
4650:
4628:
4410:
3834:
3819:
3806:
3782:
3591:
3362:
3348:
3335:
3281:
3254:
3241:
3177:
3103:Rismiller, Peggy (2005).
2737:"A revision of the genus
2545:Comp. Biochem. Physiol. A
2212:10.1007/s12038-012-9247-x
2042:10.1017/S0140525X00032325
1433:Australian five-cent coin
1048:
1031:
1024:
1007:
1000:
988:
971:
964:
519:. Their young are called
345:
336:
254:
249:
233:
226:
137:Scientific classification
135:
128:
119:
43:
6218:Endemic fauna of Oceania
6193:Electroreceptive animals
3040:Ronald M. Nowak (1999),
1567:. University of Michigan
911:water-foraging ancestors
574:Physical characteristics
34:Echidna (disambiguation)
3007:Retrieved June 4, 2022.
2931:Goodfellow, D. (1993).
2831:10.1073/pnas.0913152107
2511:10.1073/pnas.0706385105
2333:The American Naturalist
2282:"Short-beaked echidna (
1641:10.1073/pnas.0904649106
1528:"Short-Beaked Echidna,
1418:) leaves. According to
809:. These may be used to
644:Adventure Bay, Tasmania
637:platypus-like ancestors
5848:(Long-beaked echidnas)
5826:Short-beaked echidna (
2284:Tachyglossus aculeatus
2200:Journal of Biosciences
2178:"Echidna Reproduction"
1986:Tachyglossus aculeatus
1785:"Short-beaked Echidna"
1530:Tachyglossus aculeatus
1387:) from Pleistocene of
1291:
1261:Tachyglossus aculeatus
1252:
1152:
1148:, which is endemic to
975:Tachyglossus aculeatus
880:
793:
597:
426:), sometimes known as
6165:Paleobiology Database
3133:NCBI Taxonomy Browser
3092:"Echidna Love Trains"
2221:10536/DRO/DU:30047989
2183:30 April 2015 at the
1747:10.1007/0-387-28275-0
1478:List of mammal genera
1285:
1242:
1143:
1106:Echidnas are a small
896:platypus-like fossils
878:
787:
592:
5636:Saint Bathans Mammal
2419:. Csiro Publishing.
2155:. Wildcare Australia
1565:Animal Diversity Web
1444:2000 Summer Olympics
1288:short-beaked echidna
1257:short-beaked echidna
909:Further evidence of
823:obtain semen samples
772:(monotremes have no
679:long-beaked echidnas
671:short-beaked echidna
653:'s third lieutenant
430:, are quill-covered
353:Short-beaked echidna
130:Short-beaked echidna
32:For other uses, see
3111:on 21 February 2015
3077:. National Wildlife
2873:2022Alch...46....3F
2822:2010PNAS..107E..13P
2596:2022Alch...46....3F
2502:2008PNAS..105.1238R
1895:. The Conversation.
1632:2009PNAS..10617089P
1561:"Spines and Quills"
1406:Western Arnhem Land
1359:sites in Australia.
1349:sites in Australia;
1251:, as depicted here.
1245:Lake Burley Griffin
929:molecular evolution
438:) belonging to the
326: †
312: †
305: †
5081:Prototribosphenida
3584:Ornithorhynchoidea
3434:Ausktribosphenidae
2785:. 10 November 2023
1990:. Animal Diversity
1982:Cason, M. (2009).
1925:10.7717/peerj.9335
1456:Sonic the Hedgehog
1426:In popular culture
1292:
1253:
1225:Zaglossus robustus
1183:. The species are
1153:
881:
794:
598:
542:, a creature from
291:
284:
277:
263:
204:Ornithorhynchoidea
6180:
6179:
6152:Open Tree of Life
5949:Taxon identifiers
5940:
5939:
5925:
5924:
5894:Ornithorhynchidae
5888:
5887:
5851:
5808:
5760:species by family
5723:
5722:
5719:
5718:
5715:
5714:
5555:
5554:
5535:
5534:
5531:
5530:
5527:
5526:
5523:
5522:
5074:
5073:
5026:
5025:
4868:
4867:
4646:
4645:
4626:
4625:
4622:
4621:
4618:
4617:
4575:Symmetrodontoides
4431:Zhangheotheriidae
3802:
3801:
3780:
3779:
3750:multituberculates
3723:
3722:
3719:
3718:
3611:Ornithorhynchidae
3468:
3467:
3331:
3330:
3327:
3326:
3323:
3322:
3319:
3318:
2426:978-0-643-09928-9
2292:on 13 August 2009
1865:Carritt, Rachel.
1841:. AnimalInfo.org.
1837:Zaglossus bruijni
1756:978-0-387-23192-1
1718:978-0-643-09204-4
1594:on 29 April 2012.
1438:An echidna named
1415:Persoonia falcata
1389:Western Australia
1155:The three living
1104:
1103:
1099:
1098:
1090:
1089:
1081:
1080:
1072:
1071:
1063:
1062:
785:
723:Due to their low
569:
557:
386:
385:
222:
29:Family of mammals
16:(Redirected from
6230:
6173:
6172:
6160:
6159:
6147:
6146:
6134:
6133:
6121:
6120:
6108:
6107:
6095:
6094:
6082:
6081:
6069:
6068:
6056:
6055:
6043:
6042:
6030:
6029:
6017:
6016:
6004:
6003:
5991:
5990:
5989:
5976:
5975:
5974:
5944:
5899:
5860:Z. attenboroughi
5850:
5849:
5845:
5812:
5807:
5806:
5802:
5789:Australosphenida
5750:
5743:
5736:
5727:
5627:
5617:
5607:
5597:
5587:
5572:
5561:
5550:
5545:
5544:
5453:
5445:
5426:
5416:
5406:
5396:
5386:
5376:
5366:
5356:
5346:
5336:
5326:
5316:
5306:
5296:
5288:
5269:Tendagurutherium
5229:
5206:
5196:
5186:
5176:
5166:
5156:
5146:
5135:
5125:
5115:
5105:
5095:
5087:
5033:
4897:Austrotriconodon
4882:
4875:
4852:Portopinheirodon
4704:Drescheratherium
4681:
4674:
4669:
4665:
4652:
4641:
4636:
4635:
4568:Spalacotheroides
4554:Spalacotheridium
4489:Spalacotheriidae
4487:
4429:
4408:
4359:
4314:
4213:
4182:
4152:
4088:Gobiconodontidae
4086:
4062:
4052:
4042:
4032:
4022:
4012:
4002:
3992:
3982:
3972:
3962:
3952:
3942:
3932:
3921:
3910:
3900:
3890:
3880:
3870:
3860:
3850:
3840:
3832:
3821:
3808:
3797:
3796:
3790:
3789:
3730:
3693:
3683:
3659:
3642:
3631:
3620:
3597:
3589:
3554:
3523:
3484:
3479:
3443:Ausktribosphenos
3432:
3402:
3381:Tendagurutherium
3378:
3368:
3360:
3354:Australosphenida
3350:
3337:
3279:
3252:
3243:
3236:
3235:
3179:
3164:
3157:
3150:
3141:
3136:
3120:
3118:
3116:
3099:
3086:
3084:
3082:
3062:
3027:
3026:
3014:
3008:
3002:
2996:
2995:
2993:
2991:
2986:. 8 January 2016
2980:
2974:
2973:
2971:
2969:
2953:
2947:
2946:
2928:
2922:
2921:
2919:
2917:
2901:
2895:
2894:
2884:
2852:
2846:
2845:
2843:
2833:
2801:
2795:
2794:
2792:
2790:
2775:
2769:
2768:
2732:
2723:
2722:
2712:
2702:
2693:(12): e3000494.
2684:
2675:
2669:
2668:
2658:
2648:
2639:(12): e3000494.
2624:
2618:
2617:
2607:
2575:
2569:
2568:
2540:
2534:
2533:
2523:
2513:
2481:
2475:
2474:
2458:
2444:
2438:
2437:
2435:
2433:
2410:
2404:
2403:
2401:
2399:
2382:
2373:
2372:
2339:(6): E162–E164.
2330:
2321:
2315:
2308:
2302:
2301:
2299:
2297:
2278:
2272:
2271:
2269:
2267:
2251:
2245:
2244:
2223:
2194:
2188:
2176:O'Neil, Dennis.
2174:
2165:
2164:
2162:
2160:
2145:
2139:
2138:
2097:
2091:
2090:
2088:
2086:
2081:on 12 April 2016
2080:
2074:. Archived from
2069:
2060:
2054:
2053:
2025:
2019:
2018:
2006:
2000:
1999:
1997:
1995:
1979:
1973:
1972:
1954:
1948:
1947:
1937:
1927:
1903:
1897:
1896:
1888:
1882:
1881:
1879:
1877:
1871:
1862:
1843:
1842:
1831:
1822:
1821:
1819:
1817:
1803:
1797:
1796:
1794:
1792:
1781:
1775:
1774:
1767:
1761:
1760:
1738:Electroreception
1732:
1723:
1722:
1702:
1689:
1688:
1686:
1684:
1670:
1664:
1663:
1653:
1643:
1626:(40): 17089–94.
1611:
1596:
1595:
1583:
1577:
1576:
1574:
1572:
1557:
1548:
1547:
1545:
1543:
1538:on 31 March 2016
1524:
1507:
1504:
1347:Late Pleistocene
1202:Z. attenboroughi
1110:with two extant
1035:Z. attenboroughi
1027:
1003:
991:
967:
957:
947:
946:
811:induce ovulation
786:
567:
564:
562:
556:romanized:
555:
553:
552:
490:
489:
486:
485:
482:
479:
476:
473:
470:
467:
464:
461:
458:
455:
452:
425:
424:
421:
420:
417:
414:
411:
408:
405:
402:
399:
377:
368:
359:
350:
341:
280:Z. attenboroughi
217:
145:
144:
124:
114:
51:
50:Miocene–Holocene
47:Temporal range:
41:
21:
6238:
6237:
6233:
6232:
6231:
6229:
6228:
6227:
6203:Rolling animals
6183:
6182:
6181:
6176:
6168:
6163:
6155:
6150:
6142:
6137:
6129:
6124:
6116:
6111:
6103:
6098:
6090:
6085:
6077:
6072:
6064:
6059:
6051:
6046:
6038:
6033:
6025:
6020:
6012:
6007:
5999:
5994:
5985:
5984:
5979:
5970:
5969:
5964:
5951:
5941:
5936:
5921:
5904:Ornithorhynchus
5884:
5847:
5846:
5844:
5834:
5804:
5803:
5801:
5793:
5761:
5754:
5724:
5711:
5645:
5566:
5551:
5539:
5519:
5490:
5461:
5434:
5282:
5281:Tribosphenida /
5275:
5222:
5083:
5070:
5022:
4980:Mesungulatoidea
4974:
4864:
4737:
4659:
4642:
4630:
4614:
4594:
4480:
4475:Zhangheotherium
4422:
4397:
4385:Trishulotherium
4352:
4347:Volaticotherium
4307:
4294:Victoriaconodon
4215:Triconodontidae
4206:
4175:
4145:
4079:
4035:Phascolotherium
3828:
3815:
3798:
3791:
3784:
3776:
3756:
3715:
3668:
3652:Ornithorhynchus
3605:
3578:
3547:
3525:Steropodontidae
3516:
3486:Kollikodontidae
3464:
3425:
3395:
3344:
3315:
3295:
3268:
3237:
3184:
3183:
3173:
3168:
3123:
3114:
3112:
3102:
3089:
3080:
3078:
3072:
3069:
3052:
3039:
3036:
3031:
3030:
3016:
3015:
3011:
3003:
2999:
2989:
2987:
2982:
2981:
2977:
2967:
2965:
2956:Garde, Murray.
2955:
2954:
2950:
2943:
2930:
2929:
2925:
2915:
2913:
2904:Garde, Murray.
2903:
2902:
2898:
2854:
2853:
2849:
2803:
2802:
2798:
2788:
2786:
2777:
2776:
2772:
2734:
2733:
2726:
2682:
2677:
2676:
2672:
2626:
2625:
2621:
2577:
2576:
2572:
2542:
2541:
2537:
2483:
2482:
2478:
2471:
2446:
2445:
2441:
2431:
2429:
2427:
2412:
2411:
2407:
2397:
2395:
2384:
2383:
2376:
2328:
2323:
2322:
2318:
2309:
2305:
2295:
2293:
2280:
2279:
2275:
2265:
2263:
2253:
2252:
2248:
2196:
2195:
2191:
2185:Wayback Machine
2175:
2168:
2158:
2156:
2153:wildcare.org.au
2147:
2146:
2142:
2107:Neurosci. Lett.
2099:
2098:
2094:
2084:
2082:
2078:
2067:
2063:Dunbar, R.I.M.
2062:
2061:
2057:
2027:
2026:
2022:
2008:
2007:
2003:
1993:
1991:
1981:
1980:
1976:
1969:
1956:
1955:
1951:
1905:
1904:
1900:
1890:
1889:
1885:
1875:
1873:
1869:
1864:
1863:
1846:
1833:
1832:
1825:
1815:
1813:
1805:
1804:
1800:
1790:
1788:
1783:
1782:
1778:
1769:
1768:
1764:
1757:
1734:
1733:
1726:
1719:
1704:
1703:
1692:
1682:
1680:
1672:
1671:
1667:
1613:
1612:
1599:
1585:
1584:
1580:
1570:
1568:
1559:
1558:
1551:
1541:
1539:
1526:
1525:
1521:
1516:
1511:
1510:
1505:
1501:
1496:
1474:
1461:anthropomorphic
1428:
1398:
1368:
1330:
1307:and pre-dating
1269:Australian Alps
1237:
1138:
1100:
1091:
1082:
1073:
1064:
945:
892:Molecular clock
873:
838:
829:Breeding season
813:in the female.
779:
745:
707:
694:
667:
576:
544:Greek mythology
536:
449:
445:
428:spiny anteaters
396:
392:
382:
375:
373:
366:
364:
357:
355:
348:
325:
318:
311:
304:
297:
290:
283:
276:
269:
262:
245:
239:
216:
139:
115:
113:
112:
107:
102:
97:
92:
87:
82:
77:
72:
67:
62:
57:
49:
48:
45:
37:
30:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
6236:
6234:
6226:
6225:
6220:
6215:
6210:
6205:
6200:
6195:
6185:
6184:
6178:
6177:
6175:
6174:
6161:
6148:
6135:
6122:
6109:
6096:
6083:
6070:
6057:
6044:
6031:
6018:
6014:Tachyglossidae
6005:
6001:Tachyglossidae
5992:
5987:Tachyglossidae
5977:
5961:
5959:
5957:Tachyglossidae
5953:
5952:
5947:
5938:
5937:
5930:
5927:
5926:
5923:
5922:
5920:
5919:
5909:
5907:
5896:
5890:
5889:
5886:
5885:
5883:
5882:
5873:
5864:
5854:
5852:
5836:
5835:
5833:
5832:
5822:
5820:
5809:
5799:Tachyglossidae
5795:
5794:
5792:
5791:
5785:
5779:
5773:
5766:
5763:
5762:
5755:
5753:
5752:
5745:
5738:
5730:
5721:
5720:
5717:
5716:
5713:
5712:
5710:
5709:
5704:
5702:Amphitheriidae
5699:
5694:
5689:
5684:
5679:
5674:
5669:
5667:Eutriconodonta
5664:
5659:
5653:
5651:
5647:
5646:
5644:
5643:
5638:
5633:
5623:
5613:
5603:
5593:
5582:
5580:
5577:Incertae sedis
5568:
5567:
5564:
5557:
5556:
5553:
5552:
5538:
5536:
5533:
5532:
5529:
5528:
5525:
5524:
5521:
5520:
5518:
5517:
5516:
5515:
5509:
5500:
5498:
5492:
5491:
5489:
5488:
5487:
5486:
5480:
5471:
5469:
5463:
5462:
5460:
5459:
5448:
5442:
5436:
5435:
5433:
5432:
5422:
5412:
5402:
5392:
5382:
5372:
5362:
5352:
5342:
5332:
5322:
5312:
5309:Argaliatherium
5302:
5291:
5285:
5277:
5276:
5274:
5273:
5265:
5258:
5251:
5244:
5235:
5233:
5224:
5223:
5221:
5220:
5212:
5202:
5192:
5182:
5172:
5162:
5152:
5142:
5138:Brancatherulum
5131:
5121:
5111:
5108:Amphibetulimus
5101:
5090:
5084:
5079:
5076:
5075:
5072:
5071:
5069:
5068:
5061:
5054:
5047:
5039:
5037:
5028:
5027:
5024:
5023:
5021:
5020:
5013:
5010:Peligrotherium
5006:
4999:
4992:
4989:Coloniatherium
4984:
4982:
4976:
4975:
4973:
4972:
4965:
4962:Quirogatherium
4958:
4951:
4944:
4937:
4929:
4925:Groebertherium
4921:
4914:
4907:
4900:
4893:
4885:
4879:
4877:Meridiolestida
4870:
4869:
4866:
4865:
4863:
4862:
4855:
4848:
4841:
4834:
4827:
4819:
4812:
4805:
4798:
4794:Groebertherium
4790:
4783:
4776:
4769:
4766:Anthracolestes
4762:
4755:
4747:
4745:
4739:
4738:
4736:
4735:
4728:
4721:
4718:Henkelotherium
4714:
4707:
4700:
4693:
4689:Brancatherulum
4684:
4678:
4661:
4660:
4655:
4648:
4647:
4644:
4643:
4629:
4627:
4624:
4623:
4620:
4619:
4616:
4615:
4613:
4612:
4611:
4610:
4604:
4602:
4596:
4595:
4593:
4592:
4585:
4582:Symmetrolestes
4578:
4571:
4564:
4561:Spalacotherium
4557:
4550:
4543:
4536:
4529:
4522:
4515:
4512:Cifellitherium
4508:
4501:
4493:
4491:
4482:
4481:
4479:
4478:
4471:
4464:
4457:
4450:
4443:
4435:
4433:
4424:
4423:
4421:
4420:
4411:
4405:
4399:
4398:
4396:
4395:
4388:
4381:
4374:
4370:Gobiotheriodon
4365:
4363:
4354:
4353:
4351:
4350:
4343:
4335:
4332:Ichthyoconodon
4328:
4325:Argentoconodon
4320:
4318:
4316:Volaticotheria
4309:
4308:
4306:
4305:
4301:Volaticotheria
4297:
4290:
4283:
4276:
4269:
4262:
4255:
4248:
4241:
4234:
4231:Arundelconodon
4227:
4219:
4217:
4208:
4207:
4205:
4204:
4197:
4189:
4187:
4177:
4176:
4174:
4173:
4166:
4158:
4156:
4154:Jeholodentidae
4147:
4146:
4144:
4143:
4136:
4129:
4122:
4114:
4107:
4100:
4092:
4090:
4081:
4080:
4078:
4077:
4069:
4058:
4048:
4045:Sangarotherium
4038:
4028:
4018:
4008:
3998:
3988:
3978:
3968:
3958:
3948:
3945:Indotriconodon
3938:
3928:
3917:
3906:
3896:
3886:
3876:
3866:
3856:
3846:
3835:
3829:
3824:
3817:
3816:
3811:
3804:
3803:
3800:
3799:
3783:
3781:
3778:
3777:
3775:
3774:
3773:
3772:
3766:
3764:
3758:
3757:
3755:
3754:
3753:
3752:
3746:
3737:
3735:
3725:
3724:
3721:
3720:
3717:
3716:
3714:
3713:
3706:
3699:
3689:
3678:
3676:
3674:Tachyglossidae
3670:
3669:
3667:
3666:
3662:Patagorhynchus
3655:
3648:
3638:
3627:
3615:
3613:
3607:
3606:
3604:
3603:
3592:
3586:
3580:
3579:
3577:
3576:
3569:
3560:
3558:
3549:
3548:
3546:
3545:
3538:
3529:
3527:
3518:
3517:
3515:
3514:
3507:
3499:
3491:
3489:
3476:
3470:
3469:
3466:
3465:
3463:
3462:
3454:
3446:
3438:
3436:
3427:
3426:
3424:
3423:
3416:
3408:
3406:
3397:
3396:
3394:
3393:
3385:
3374:
3363:
3357:
3346:
3345:
3340:
3333:
3332:
3329:
3328:
3325:
3324:
3321:
3320:
3317:
3316:
3314:
3313:
3312:
3311:
3305:
3303:
3297:
3296:
3294:
3293:
3292:
3291:
3282:
3276:
3270:
3269:
3267:
3266:
3265:
3264:
3255:
3249:
3239:
3238:
3234:
3233:
3231:Mammaliaformes
3224:
3215:
3206:
3197:
3191:
3182:
3175:
3174:
3169:
3167:
3166:
3159:
3152:
3144:
3138:
3137:
3127:Tachyglossidae
3121:
3100:
3087:
3068:
3067:External links
3065:
3064:
3063:
3050:
3035:
3032:
3029:
3028:
3009:
2997:
2975:
2948:
2941:
2923:
2896:
2847:
2796:
2770:
2751:(3): 367–396.
2724:
2670:
2619:
2570:
2535:
2496:(4): 1238–42.
2476:
2469:
2439:
2425:
2405:
2374:
2353:10.1086/522847
2345:10.1086/522847
2316:
2303:
2273:
2246:
2206:(4): 581–588.
2189:
2166:
2140:
2092:
2055:
2036:(4): 681–735.
2020:
2001:
1974:
1967:
1949:
1898:
1883:
1844:
1823:
1798:
1776:
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1755:
1724:
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999:
989:
987:
984:
983:
980:
979:
970:
965:
963:
961:Tachyglossidae
955:
952:
951:
944:
941:
872:
869:
837:
834:
744:
741:
706:
703:
693:
690:
666:
663:
614:electrosensors
596:of the echidna
575:
572:
535:
532:
513:true anteaters
443:Tachyglossidae
384:
383:
374:
365:
356:
347:
346:Echidna range
343:
342:
334:
333:
252:
251:
247:
246:
240:
231:
230:
224:
223:
214:Tachyglossidae
211:
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206:
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196:
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187:
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181:
177:
176:
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167:
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161:
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98:
93:
88:
83:
78:
73:
68:
63:
58:
53:
52:
46:
28:
24:
18:Tachyglossidae
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6235:
6224:
6221:
6219:
6216:
6214:
6211:
6209:
6206:
6204:
6201:
6199:
6196:
6194:
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6188:
6171:
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6123:
6119:
6114:
6110:
6106:
6101:
6097:
6093:
6088:
6084:
6080:
6075:
6071:
6067:
6062:
6058:
6054:
6049:
6045:
6041:
6036:
6032:
6028:
6023:
6019:
6015:
6010:
6006:
6002:
5997:
5993:
5988:
5982:
5978:
5973:
5967:
5963:
5962:
5960:
5958:
5954:
5950:
5945:
5935:
5934:
5928:
5918:
5916:
5911:
5910:
5908:
5906:
5905:
5900:
5897:
5895:
5891:
5881:
5879:
5874:
5872:
5870:
5865:
5863:
5861:
5856:
5855:
5853:
5843:
5842:
5837:
5831:
5829:
5824:
5823:
5821:
5819:
5818:
5813:
5810:
5800:
5796:
5790:
5786:
5784:
5780:
5778:
5774:
5772:
5768:
5767:
5764:
5759:
5751:
5746:
5744:
5739:
5737:
5732:
5731:
5728:
5708:
5705:
5703:
5700:
5698:
5697:Paurodontidae
5695:
5693:
5692:Eupantotheria
5690:
5688:
5687:Symmetrodonta
5685:
5683:
5680:
5678:
5675:
5673:
5672:Amphilestidae
5670:
5668:
5665:
5663:
5660:
5658:
5655:
5654:
5652:
5648:
5642:
5639:
5637:
5634:
5632:
5631:
5624:
5622:
5621:
5614:
5612:
5611:
5604:
5602:
5601:
5600:Chronoperates
5594:
5592:
5591:
5584:
5583:
5581:
5579:
5578:
5573:
5569:
5562:
5558:
5549:
5543:
5514:
5510:
5508:
5504:
5503:
5502:
5501:
5499:
5497:
5493:
5485:
5481:
5479:
5475:
5474:
5473:
5472:
5470:
5468:
5464:
5458:
5457:
5450:
5449:
5446:
5443:
5441:
5437:
5431:
5430:
5429:Tribactonodon
5423:
5421:
5420:
5413:
5411:
5410:
5403:
5401:
5400:
5393:
5391:
5390:
5389:Kielantherium
5383:
5381:
5380:
5373:
5371:
5370:
5363:
5361:
5360:
5353:
5351:
5350:
5349:Holoclemensia
5343:
5341:
5340:
5333:
5331:
5330:
5323:
5321:
5320:
5313:
5311:
5310:
5303:
5301:
5300:
5293:
5292:
5289:
5286:
5284:
5283:Boreosphenida
5278:
5271:
5270:
5266:
5264:
5263:
5259:
5257:
5256:
5252:
5250:
5249:
5245:
5242:
5241:
5237:
5236:
5234:
5232:
5225:
5218:
5217:
5213:
5211:
5210:
5203:
5201:
5200:
5199:Palaeoxonodon
5193:
5191:
5190:
5183:
5181:
5180:
5173:
5171:
5170:
5163:
5161:
5160:
5153:
5151:
5150:
5143:
5140:
5139:
5132:
5130:
5129:
5122:
5120:
5119:
5112:
5110:
5109:
5102:
5100:
5099:
5092:
5091:
5088:
5085:
5082:
5077:
5067:
5066:
5062:
5060:
5059:
5055:
5053:
5052:
5048:
5046:
5045:
5041:
5040:
5038:
5036:
5029:
5019:
5018:
5014:
5012:
5011:
5007:
5005:
5004:
5000:
4998:
4997:
4993:
4991:
4990:
4986:
4985:
4983:
4981:
4977:
4971:
4970:
4969:Solanutherium
4966:
4964:
4963:
4959:
4957:
4956:
4955:Paraungulatum
4952:
4950:
4949:
4945:
4943:
4942:
4938:
4935:
4934:
4930:
4927:
4926:
4922:
4920:
4919:
4915:
4913:
4912:
4908:
4906:
4905:
4901:
4899:
4898:
4894:
4892:
4891:
4887:
4886:
4883:
4880:
4878:
4871:
4861:
4860:
4859:Treslagosodon
4856:
4854:
4853:
4849:
4847:
4846:
4842:
4840:
4839:
4835:
4833:
4832:
4828:
4825:
4824:
4820:
4818:
4817:
4816:Krebsotherium
4813:
4811:
4810:
4806:
4804:
4803:
4799:
4796:
4795:
4791:
4789:
4788:
4784:
4782:
4781:
4777:
4775:
4774:
4770:
4768:
4767:
4763:
4761:
4760:
4756:
4754:
4753:
4749:
4748:
4746:
4744:
4740:
4734:
4733:
4729:
4727:
4726:
4722:
4720:
4719:
4715:
4713:
4712:
4708:
4706:
4705:
4701:
4699:
4698:
4694:
4691:
4690:
4686:
4685:
4682:
4679:
4677:
4670:
4666:
4662:
4658:
4653:
4649:
4640:
4634:
4608:
4607:
4606:
4605:
4603:
4601:
4597:
4591:
4590:
4586:
4584:
4583:
4579:
4577:
4576:
4572:
4570:
4569:
4565:
4563:
4562:
4558:
4556:
4555:
4551:
4549:
4548:
4547:Spalacolestes
4544:
4542:
4541:
4537:
4535:
4534:
4530:
4528:
4527:
4526:Infernolestes
4523:
4521:
4520:
4519:Heishanlestes
4516:
4514:
4513:
4509:
4507:
4506:
4502:
4500:
4499:
4495:
4494:
4492:
4490:
4483:
4477:
4476:
4472:
4470:
4469:
4465:
4463:
4462:
4461:Ningchengodon
4458:
4456:
4455:
4451:
4449:
4448:
4444:
4442:
4441:
4437:
4436:
4434:
4432:
4425:
4418:
4417:
4413:
4412:
4409:
4406:
4404:
4403:Trechnotheria
4400:
4394:
4393:
4389:
4387:
4386:
4382:
4380:
4379:
4375:
4372:
4371:
4367:
4366:
4364:
4362:
4355:
4349:
4348:
4344:
4341:
4340:
4339:Triconolestes
4336:
4334:
4333:
4329:
4327:
4326:
4322:
4321:
4319:
4317:
4310:
4303:
4302:
4298:
4296:
4295:
4291:
4289:
4288:
4284:
4282:
4281:
4277:
4275:
4274:
4270:
4268:
4267:
4263:
4261:
4260:
4256:
4254:
4253:
4249:
4247:
4246:
4242:
4240:
4239:
4235:
4233:
4232:
4228:
4226:
4225:
4221:
4220:
4218:
4216:
4209:
4203:
4202:
4198:
4196:
4195:
4191:
4190:
4188:
4185:
4178:
4172:
4171:
4167:
4165:
4164:
4160:
4159:
4157:
4155:
4148:
4142:
4141:
4137:
4135:
4134:
4130:
4128:
4127:
4123:
4120:
4119:
4118:Huasteconodon
4115:
4113:
4112:
4108:
4106:
4105:
4101:
4099:
4098:
4097:Fuxinoconodon
4094:
4093:
4091:
4089:
4082:
4075:
4074:
4070:
4067:
4066:
4059:
4057:
4056:
4049:
4047:
4046:
4039:
4037:
4036:
4029:
4027:
4026:
4019:
4017:
4016:
4009:
4007:
4006:
3999:
3997:
3996:
3989:
3987:
3986:
3985:Kryptotherium
3979:
3977:
3976:
3969:
3967:
3966:
3959:
3957:
3956:
3949:
3947:
3946:
3939:
3937:
3936:
3929:
3926:
3925:
3918:
3915:
3914:
3907:
3905:
3904:
3897:
3895:
3894:
3887:
3885:
3884:
3883:Chaoyangodens
3877:
3875:
3874:
3867:
3865:
3864:
3857:
3855:
3854:
3847:
3845:
3844:
3837:
3836:
3833:
3830:
3827:
3822:
3818:
3814:
3809:
3805:
3795:
3788:
3770:
3769:
3768:
3767:
3765:
3763:
3759:
3751:
3747:
3745:
3741:
3740:
3739:
3738:
3736:
3733:
3726:
3712:
3711:
3707:
3705:
3704:
3700:
3698:
3697:
3696:Murrayglossus
3690:
3688:
3687:
3686:Megalibgwilia
3680:
3679:
3677:
3675:
3671:
3664:
3663:
3656:
3654:
3653:
3649:
3647:
3646:
3639:
3636:
3635:
3628:
3625:
3624:
3617:
3616:
3614:
3612:
3608:
3602:
3601:
3594:
3593:
3590:
3587:
3585:
3581:
3575:
3574:
3570:
3567:
3566:
3562:
3561:
3559:
3557:
3556:Teinolophidae
3550:
3544:
3543:
3539:
3536:
3535:
3531:
3530:
3528:
3526:
3519:
3513:
3512:
3508:
3505:
3504:
3500:
3498:
3497:
3493:
3492:
3490:
3487:
3480:
3477:
3475:
3471:
3460:
3459:
3455:
3452:
3451:
3447:
3445:
3444:
3440:
3439:
3437:
3435:
3428:
3422:
3421:
3417:
3415:
3414:
3410:
3409:
3407:
3405:
3398:
3391:
3390:
3386:
3383:
3382:
3375:
3373:
3372:
3365:
3364:
3361:
3358:
3355:
3351:
3347:
3343:
3338:
3334:
3309:
3308:
3307:
3306:
3304:
3302:
3298:
3290:
3286:
3285:
3284:
3283:
3280:
3277:
3275:
3271:
3263:
3259:
3258:
3257:
3256:
3253:
3250:
3248:
3244:
3240:
3232:
3228:
3225:
3223:
3219:
3216:
3214:
3210:
3207:
3205:
3201:
3198:
3196:
3192:
3190:
3186:
3185:
3180:
3176:
3172:
3165:
3160:
3158:
3153:
3151:
3146:
3145:
3142:
3134:
3130:
3128:
3122:
3110:
3106:
3101:
3097:
3093:
3088:
3076:
3071:
3070:
3066:
3061:
3057:
3053:
3051:0-8018-5789-9
3047:
3043:
3038:
3037:
3033:
3024:
3020:
3013:
3010:
3006:
3001:
2998:
2985:
2979:
2976:
2963:
2959:
2952:
2949:
2944:
2938:
2934:
2927:
2924:
2911:
2907:
2900:
2897:
2892:
2888:
2883:
2878:
2874:
2870:
2866:
2862:
2858:
2851:
2848:
2842:
2837:
2832:
2827:
2823:
2819:
2815:
2811:
2807:
2800:
2797:
2784:
2780:
2774:
2771:
2766:
2762:
2758:
2754:
2750:
2746:
2742:
2740:
2731:
2729:
2725:
2720:
2716:
2711:
2706:
2701:
2696:
2692:
2688:
2681:
2674:
2671:
2666:
2662:
2657:
2652:
2647:
2642:
2638:
2634:
2630:
2623:
2620:
2615:
2611:
2606:
2601:
2597:
2593:
2589:
2585:
2581:
2574:
2571:
2566:
2562:
2558:
2554:
2551:(4): 927–42.
2550:
2546:
2539:
2536:
2531:
2527:
2522:
2517:
2512:
2507:
2503:
2499:
2495:
2491:
2487:
2480:
2477:
2472:
2470:0-8014-1753-8
2466:
2462:
2457:
2456:
2450:
2443:
2440:
2428:
2422:
2418:
2417:
2409:
2406:
2394:
2393:
2392:New Scientist
2388:
2381:
2379:
2375:
2370:
2366:
2362:
2358:
2354:
2350:
2346:
2342:
2338:
2334:
2327:
2320:
2317:
2313:
2307:
2304:
2291:
2287:
2285:
2277:
2274:
2261:
2257:
2250:
2247:
2243:
2239:
2235:
2231:
2227:
2222:
2217:
2213:
2209:
2205:
2201:
2193:
2190:
2186:
2182:
2179:
2173:
2171:
2167:
2154:
2150:
2144:
2141:
2136:
2132:
2128:
2124:
2120:
2116:
2112:
2109:
2108:
2103:
2096:
2093:
2077:
2073:
2066:
2059:
2056:
2051:
2047:
2043:
2039:
2035:
2031:
2024:
2021:
2016:
2012:
2005:
2002:
1989:
1987:
1978:
1975:
1970:
1964:
1960:
1953:
1950:
1945:
1941:
1936:
1931:
1926:
1921:
1917:
1913:
1909:
1902:
1899:
1894:
1887:
1884:
1868:
1861:
1859:
1857:
1855:
1853:
1851:
1849:
1845:
1840:
1838:
1830:
1828:
1824:
1812:
1808:
1802:
1799:
1786:
1780:
1777:
1772:
1766:
1763:
1758:
1752:
1748:
1744:
1740:
1739:
1731:
1729:
1725:
1720:
1714:
1710:
1709:
1701:
1699:
1697:
1695:
1691:
1679:
1675:
1669:
1666:
1661:
1657:
1652:
1647:
1642:
1637:
1633:
1629:
1625:
1621:
1617:
1610:
1608:
1606:
1604:
1602:
1598:
1593:
1589:
1582:
1579:
1566:
1562:
1556:
1554:
1550:
1537:
1533:
1531:
1523:
1520:
1513:
1503:
1500:
1493:
1489:
1486:
1484:
1481:
1479:
1476:
1475:
1471:
1466:
1462:
1458:
1457:
1452:
1449:
1445:
1441:
1437:
1434:
1430:
1429:
1425:
1423:
1421:
1417:
1416:
1411:
1407:
1403:
1395:
1390:
1386:
1382:
1379:
1378:
1377:
1375:
1374:
1373:Murrayglossus
1366:
1365:Murrayglossus
1363:
1358:
1354:
1351:
1348:
1344:
1341:
1340:
1339:
1337:
1336:
1335:Megalibgwilia
1328:
1327:Megalibgwilia
1325:
1323:
1321:
1317:
1312:
1310:
1306:
1302:
1298:
1289:
1284:
1280:
1278:
1274:
1270:
1266:
1262:
1258:
1250:
1246:
1241:
1235:
1232:
1227:
1226:
1221:
1220:
1219:
1213:
1209:
1206:
1203:
1199:
1196:
1193:
1189:
1186:
1185:
1184:
1182:
1178:
1174:
1170:
1166:
1162:
1158:
1151:
1147:
1142:
1136:
1133:
1131:
1129:
1128:
1123:
1122:
1117:
1113:
1109:
1095:
1094:
1086:
1085:
1077:
1076:
1068:
1067:
1059:
1058:
1055:
1054:
1053:
1046:
1045:
1042:
1041:
1038:
1037:
1036:
1029:
1028:
1022:
1021:
1018:
1017:
1014:
1013:
1012:
1005:
1004:
998:
997:
993:
992:
986:
985:
982:
981:
978:
977:
976:
969:
968:
962:
959:
958:
954:
953:
949:
948:
942:
940:
937:
932:
930:
926:
922:
918:
916:
912:
907:
905:
901:
897:
893:
889:
886:
877:
870:
868:
864:
862:
858:
857:domestic dogs
854:
850:
845:
843:
835:
833:
830:
826:
824:
820:
814:
812:
808:
807:penile spines
804:
800:
791:
777:
775:
771:
767:
763:
759:
755:
751:
742:
740:
738:
734:
729:
726:
721:
719:
714:
712:
704:
702:
700:
691:
689:
686:
684:
680:
676:
672:
664:
662:
660:
659:William Bligh
656:
652:
651:
645:
640:
638:
633:
631:
627:
621:
619:
615:
611:
607:
603:
595:
591:
587:
585:
581:
573:
571:
561:
551:
545:
541:
533:
531:
529:
524:
522:
518:
514:
510:
506:
502:
498:
494:
488:
444:
441:
437:
433:
429:
423:
390:
381:
372:
363:
354:
344:
340:
335:
332:
331:
330:
324:
323:
322:Murrayglossus
317:
316:
310:
309:
303:
302:
301:Megalibgwilia
296:
295:
289:
288:
282:
281:
275:
274:
268:
267:
261:
260:
253:
248:
243:
238:
237:
232:
229:
225:
220:
215:
212:
209:
208:
205:
202:
200:Superfamily:
199:
198:
195:
192:
189:
188:
185:
182:
179:
178:
175:
172:
169:
168:
165:
162:
159:
158:
155:
152:
149:
148:
143:
138:
134:
131:
127:
123:
118:
111:
106:
101:
96:
91:
86:
81:
76:
71:
66:
61:
56:
42:
39:
35:
27:
19:
5956:
5931:
5914:
5902:
5877:
5868:
5859:
5839:
5828:T. aculeatus
5827:
5817:Tachyglossus
5815:
5798:
5677:Theriiformes
5628:
5618:
5608:
5598:
5588:
5575:
5454:
5427:
5417:
5407:
5399:Pappotherium
5397:
5387:
5377:
5367:
5357:
5347:
5337:
5329:Carinalestes
5327:
5317:
5307:
5297:
5267:
5260:
5255:Peramuroides
5253:
5246:
5238:
5214:
5207:
5197:
5187:
5177:
5167:
5157:
5147:
5136:
5126:
5118:Amphitherium
5116:
5106:
5096:
5063:
5056:
5049:
5042:
5035:Donodontidae
5017:Reigitherium
5015:
5008:
5001:
4996:Mesungulatum
4994:
4987:
4967:
4960:
4953:
4946:
4939:
4933:Lakotalestes
4931:
4923:
4916:
4911:Casamiquelia
4909:
4902:
4895:
4888:
4857:
4850:
4845:Phascolestes
4843:
4838:Minutolestes
4836:
4829:
4823:Lakotalestes
4821:
4814:
4807:
4802:Guimarotodus
4800:
4792:
4785:
4778:
4771:
4764:
4759:Amblotherium
4757:
4750:
4743:Dryolestidae
4730:
4723:
4716:
4709:
4702:
4695:
4687:
4587:
4580:
4573:
4566:
4559:
4552:
4545:
4538:
4531:
4524:
4517:
4510:
4503:
4496:
4473:
4466:
4459:
4452:
4445:
4438:
4414:
4390:
4383:
4376:
4368:
4361:Tinodontidae
4345:
4337:
4330:
4323:
4299:
4292:
4285:
4278:
4271:
4264:
4257:
4252:Eotriconodon
4250:
4245:Corviconodon
4243:
4238:Astroconodon
4236:
4229:
4222:
4199:
4192:
4168:
4161:
4138:
4131:
4124:
4116:
4109:
4102:
4095:
4071:
4063:
4055:Tendagurodon
4053:
4043:
4033:
4023:
4013:
4003:
3993:
3983:
3973:
3963:
3953:
3943:
3933:
3924:Fruitafossor
3922:
3911:
3901:
3891:
3881:
3871:
3861:
3851:
3841:
3826:Theriimorpha
3813:Theriimorpha
3762:Theriimorpha
3708:
3703:Tachyglossus
3701:
3694:
3684:
3673:
3660:
3650:
3643:
3634:Monotrematum
3632:
3621:
3598:
3571:
3563:
3540:
3532:
3509:
3501:
3494:
3456:
3448:
3441:
3418:
3413:Asfaltomylos
3411:
3404:Henosferidae
3387:
3379:
3369:
3226:
3217:
3208:
3199:
3132:
3126:
3113:. Retrieved
3109:the original
3095:
3079:. Retrieved
3041:
3034:Bibliography
3022:
3012:
3000:
2988:. Retrieved
2978:
2966:. Retrieved
2961:
2951:
2932:
2926:
2914:. Retrieved
2909:
2899:
2864:
2860:
2850:
2813:
2809:
2799:
2787:. Retrieved
2782:
2773:
2748:
2744:
2738:
2690:
2687:PLOS Biology
2686:
2673:
2636:
2632:
2622:
2587:
2583:
2573:
2548:
2544:
2538:
2493:
2489:
2479:
2454:
2442:
2430:. Retrieved
2415:
2408:
2396:. Retrieved
2390:
2336:
2332:
2319:
2306:
2294:. Retrieved
2290:the original
2283:
2276:
2264:. Retrieved
2259:
2249:
2241:
2203:
2199:
2192:
2157:. Retrieved
2152:
2143:
2113:(1): 49–52.
2110:
2105:
2095:
2083:. Retrieved
2076:the original
2071:
2058:
2033:
2029:
2023:
2014:
2004:
1992:. Retrieved
1985:
1977:
1958:
1952:
1915:
1911:
1901:
1886:
1874:. Retrieved
1836:
1814:. Retrieved
1810:
1801:
1789:. Retrieved
1779:
1765:
1737:
1707:
1681:. Retrieved
1677:
1668:
1623:
1619:
1592:the original
1581:
1571:13 September
1569:. Retrieved
1564:
1540:. Retrieved
1536:the original
1529:
1522:
1502:
1454:
1413:
1409:
1399:
1384:
1380:
1371:
1369:
1364:
1352:
1342:
1333:
1331:
1326:
1313:
1309:Tachyglossus
1308:
1293:
1276:
1260:
1254:
1234:Tachyglossus
1233:
1223:
1217:
1211:
1201:
1191:
1173:forest floor
1159:species are
1156:
1154:
1134:
1127:Tachyglossus
1125:
1119:
1118:. The genus
1105:
1050:
1049:
1033:
1032:
1009:
1008:
994:
973:
972:
933:
919:
915:hydrodynamic
908:
890:
882:
865:
846:
839:
827:
821:in order to
815:
795:
792:(43 seconds)
770:milk patches
746:
743:Reproduction
730:
722:
715:
708:
695:
687:
674:
668:
655:George Tobin
649:
641:
634:
630:external ear
622:
599:
577:
537:
525:
520:
491:, living in
442:
434:(egg-laying
427:
388:
387:
327:
320:
313:
306:
299:
292:
285:
278:
271:
266:T. aculeatus
264:
259:Tachyglossus
257:
255:
236:Tachyglossus
234:
213:
38:
26:
6087:iNaturalist
5981:Wikispecies
5915:O. anatinus
5787:(unranked)
5758:Monotremata
5707:Marsupionta
5682:Pantotheria
5657:Prototheria
5610:Microderson
5419:Tirotherium
5319:Brasilestes
5248:Kouriogenys
5240:Afriquiamus
5231:Peramuridae
5216:Monotremata
5209:Vincelestes
5149:Chunnelodon
5051:Anoualestes
5044:Amazighodon
5003:Orretherium
4948:Necrolestes
4890:Amarillodon
4780:Crusafontia
4676:Dryolestida
4657:Cladotheria
4600:Cladotheria
4589:Yaverlestes
4498:Akidolestes
4468:Origolestes
4447:Kiyatherium
4416:Monotremata
4287:Trioracodon
4224:Alticonodon
4184:Klameliidae
4170:Yanoconodon
4140:Spinolestes
4133:Repenomamus
4126:Meemannodon
4104:Gobiconodon
4073:Monotremata
4015:Manchurodon
4005:Liaotherium
3995:Liaoconodon
3955:Juchilestes
3935:Hakusanodon
3913:Dyskritodon
3873:Aploconodon
3863:Amphilestes
3623:Dharragarra
3573:Teinolophos
3474:Monotremata
3389:Monotremata
3096:ABC Science
2867:(1): 3–20.
2789:12 November
2590:(1): 3–20.
2266:20 November
2159:20 November
1683:23 November
1381:M. hacketti
1320:taxonomists
1169:leaf litter
1052:Z. bruijnii
768:of the two
499:. The four
329:M. hacketti
287:Z. bruijnii
194:Monotremata
6223:Monotremes
6187:Categories
5913:Platypus (
5878:Z. bruijni
5869:Z. bartoni
5805:(Echidnas)
5662:Yinotheria
5650:Other taxa
5630:Tingamarra
5620:Thereuodon
5565:Other taxa
5513:marsupials
5507:Metatheria
5496:Metatheria
5484:placentals
5456:Patagomaia
5299:Aegialodon
5189:Nanolestes
4809:Hercynodon
4787:Dryolestes
4711:Euthlastus
4697:Dorsetodon
4609:see below↓
4540:Shalbaatar
4454:Maotherium
4280:Triconodon
4266:Meiconodon
4194:Ferganodon
4163:Jeholodens
4065:Allotheria
3965:Jueconodon
3903:Condorodon
3843:Acinacodus
3771:see below↓
3744:Allotheria
3732:Allotheria
3542:Steropodon
3534:Parvopalus
3503:Kryoryctes
3496:Kollikodon
3458:Kryoparvus
3420:Henosferus
3310:see below↓
3289:Cynodontia
3274:Cynodontia
3222:Cynodontia
3213:Therapsida
3081:3 February
2942:1862543062
2906:"ngarrbek"
2816:(4): E13.
2296:21 October
2149:"Echidnas"
1994:21 October
1968:0123038502
1816:4 December
1542:21 October
1514:References
1404:people of
1370:The genus
1353:M. robusta
1332:The genus
1305:divergence
1301:bandicoots
1297:Cretaceous
1265:New Guinea
1212:Z. bartoni
1192:Z. bruijni
1177:earthworms
1165:New Guinea
1150:New Guinea
1011:Z. bartoni
936:New Guinea
925:marsupials
849:feral cats
725:metabolism
711:monotremes
650:Providence
606:porcupines
497:New Guinea
432:monotremes
315:M. robusta
294:Z. bartoni
228:Type genus
5841:Zaglossus
5590:Atlasodon
5511:includes
5482:includes
5379:Kermackia
5359:Hypomylos
5065:Stylodens
4941:Leonardus
4904:Bondesius
4831:Laolestes
4752:Achyrodon
4732:Tathiodon
4533:Lactodens
4273:Priacodon
4259:Jugulator
4111:Hangjinia
4025:Nakunodon
3975:Kemchugia
3748:includes
3710:Zaglossus
3645:Obdurodon
3565:Stirtodon
3262:Synapsida
3247:Synapsida
3204:Synapsida
3187:Kingdom:
2891:247542433
2739:Zaglossus
2633:PLOS Biol
2614:247542433
2085:4 January
2050:145583615
1918:: e9335.
1674:"echidna"
1402:Kunwinjku
1385:Zaglossus
1343:M. owenii
1316:described
1277:Zaglossus
1175:, eating
1157:Zaglossus
1135:Zaglossus
1121:Zaglossus
1114:and four
996:Zaglossus
921:Oviparous
871:Evolution
803:preputial
799:copulates
764:from the
758:gestation
754:egg tooth
733:neocortex
675:Zaglossus
648:HMS
602:hedgehogs
534:Etymology
517:hedgehogs
493:Australia
308:M. owenii
273:Zaglossus
160:Kingdom:
154:Eukaryota
6131:10300002
5966:Wikidata
5933:Category
5783:Mammalia
5777:Chordata
5771:Animalia
5769:Kingdom
5478:Eutheria
5467:Eutheria
5409:Picopsis
5369:Juramaia
5159:Magnimus
5128:Arguimus
5098:Abelodon
4918:Cronopio
4773:Beckumia
4725:Paurodon
4440:Anebodon
4392:Yermakia
4201:Klamelia
3853:Amphidon
3511:Sundrius
3371:Ambondro
3342:Mammalia
3301:Mammalia
3195:Chordata
3193:Phylum:
3189:Animalia
3171:Mammalia
3060:98023686
2958:"mandak"
2783:BBC News
2765:84750399
2745:Mammalia
2719:31800571
2665:31800571
2565:14667856
2530:18216270
2432:15 March
2398:12 April
2369:40632746
2361:18171162
2262:. Sydney
2260:ABC News
2238:15026875
2230:22922184
2181:Archived
2135:40439226
2127:10729631
2015:BBC News
1944:32612884
1876:13 April
1791:13 April
1660:19805098
1472:See also
1465:Knuckles
1420:Larrakia
1410:ngarrbek
1249:Canberra
943:Taxonomy
885:Triassic
842:hedgehog
750:hatching
626:anthills
618:platypus
528:platypus
505:platypus
389:Echidnas
250:Species
210:Family:
184:Mammalia
174:Chordata
170:Phylum:
164:Animalia
150:Domain:
44:Echidnas
5775:Phylum
5756:Extant
5641:UA 8699
5262:Peramus
5179:Mozomus
5169:Minimus
5058:Donodon
4378:Tinodon
3893:Comodon
3600:Opalios
3450:Bishops
3135:. 9259.
3115:15 July
2968:29 July
2916:29 July
2869:Bibcode
2841:2824408
2818:Bibcode
2710:6892540
2656:6892540
2592:Bibcode
2521:2234122
2498:Bibcode
1935:7319036
1651:2761324
1628:Bibcode
1396:As food
1357:Miocene
1273:Outback
1181:insects
1171:on the
1161:endemic
1116:species
861:goannas
836:Threats
774:nipples
705:Anatomy
699:wombats
692:Habitat
657:during
584:keratin
568:
560:ekhînos
540:Echidna
521:puggles
436:mammals
319:Genus †
298:Genus †
242:Illiger
190:Order:
180:Class:
6157:344064
6118:552308
6105:104843
6066:1TCHGF
5972:Q21824
5781:Class
5440:Theria
5339:Eomaia
4505:Aliaga
3058:
3048:
2939:
2889:
2838:
2763:
2717:
2707:
2663:
2653:
2612:
2563:
2528:
2518:
2467:
2423:
2367:
2359:
2351:
2236:
2228:
2133:
2125:
2048:
1965:
1942:
1932:
1753:
1715:
1658:
1648:
1448:Sydney
1440:Millie
1112:genera
859:, and
683:faeces
610:albino
594:Spines
580:spines
550:ἐχῖνος
515:or to
501:extant
440:family
378:
376:
369:
367:
360:
358:
351:
349:
270:Genus
256:Genus
244:, 1811
221:, 1872
6170:39742
6100:IRMNG
6092:43237
3227:Clade
3218:Clade
3209:Clade
3200:Clade
3023:Wired
2990:3 May
2887:S2CID
2761:S2CID
2683:(PDF)
2610:S2CID
2365:S2CID
2349:JSTOR
2329:(PDF)
2234:S2CID
2131:S2CID
2079:(PDF)
2068:(PDF)
2046:S2CID
1912:PeerJ
1870:(PDF)
1494:Notes
1355:from
1345:from
1108:clade
900:basal
853:foxes
766:pores
718:spurs
509:order
6144:9259
6139:NCBI
6113:ITIS
6079:5941
6074:GBIF
6061:EPPO
6053:1680
6027:1068
6022:BOLD
5505:see
5476:see
3742:see
3287:see
3260:see
3117:2012
3083:2017
3056:LCCN
3046:ISBN
2992:2020
2970:2020
2937:ISBN
2918:2020
2791:2023
2715:PMID
2661:PMID
2561:PMID
2526:PMID
2465:ISBN
2434:2013
2421:ISBN
2400:2020
2357:PMID
2298:2009
2268:2016
2226:PMID
2161:2016
2123:PMID
2087:2014
1996:2012
1963:ISBN
1940:PMID
1878:2013
1818:2020
1793:2013
1751:ISBN
1713:ISBN
1685:2014
1656:PMID
1573:2021
1544:2012
1453:The
1400:The
1255:The
1179:and
1144:The
762:milk
669:The
665:Diet
604:and
566:lit.
495:and
219:Gill
55:PreꞒ
6126:MSW
6048:EoL
6040:GW2
6035:CoL
6009:AFD
5996:ADW
2877:doi
2836:PMC
2826:doi
2814:107
2753:doi
2705:PMC
2695:doi
2651:PMC
2641:doi
2600:doi
2553:doi
2549:136
2516:PMC
2506:doi
2494:105
2461:8–9
2341:doi
2337:170
2216:hdl
2208:doi
2115:doi
2111:283
2038:doi
1930:PMC
1920:doi
1743:doi
1646:PMC
1636:doi
1624:106
1446:in
1318:by
1247:in
1163:to
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737:REM
646:by
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