Tafazzin - Knowledge (XXG)

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preference for lineoyl groups has been reported to be ten times greater than that of oleoyl groups and twenty times greater than that of arachidonoyl groups. Conflicting explanations for this preference have included causation from energy minimization with influences by the surrounding microenvironment, known as the thermodynamic remodeling hypothesis, or the inherent enzymatic preference of tafazzin for specific acyl residues.

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BTHS, despite tafazzin's crucial roles in brain mitochondrial respiration and normal cognitive function. One study has shown that the brain has a distinct CL composition, with more diverse and less tetralinoleoyl-dependent CL. This composition diminishes the need for CL remodeling, resulting in a less tafazzin-dependent composition. Another study found that the brain has a higher concentration of saturated

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gene cause dilated cardiomyopathy without the other features of Barth syndrome. LVNC is a condition in which the left ventricle, characterized by a spongy structure on the ventricular wall, exhibits prominent trabeculations and deep intertrabecular recesses. INVM occurs when the lower left chamber of

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gene have been linked to this disease. It is a rare disease, found in 1 out of every 300,000 to 400,000 live births, though it is widely known that the disease is underdiagnosed. Although BTHS occurs almost exclusively in males, there has been one identified case of BTHS in a female patient. Tafazzin

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into a mature composition that contains a predominance of tetralinoleoyl moieties. CL remodeling in mammals requires additional enzymes, such as monolysocardiolipin acyltransferase (MLCLAT), acyl-CoA:lysocardiolipin acyltransferase (ALCAT), and phospholipase. The process enables the proper function

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Cognitive impairments are common in BTHS patients in varying degrees. While a higher incidence of cognitive impairment and mild learning and speech difficulties are often manifested, many BTHS patients have also displayed normal cognitive abilities. This shows the limited neurologic involvement in

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and cardiac function in BTHS. However, severe manifestations of the symptoms in BTHS patients require heart transplantation. Statistics show 9 out of 73 (12%) surviving patients who have undergone cardiac transplantation at the last update. Heart transplantation in BTHS patients has generally been

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the remodeling of the cardiolipin. The remodeling is achieved by transacylation or the deacylation-reacylation cycle. The deacylation-reacylation cycle, also known as the Lands cycle, begins with deacylation mediated by phospholipase Cld1 to form monolysocardiolipin (MLCL). MLCL is reacylated by

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Stelzl U, Worm U, Lalowski M, Haenig C, Brembeck FH, Goehler H, Stroedicke M, Zenkner M, Schoenherr A, Koeppen S, Timm J, Mintzlaff S, Abraham C, Bock N, Kietzmann S, Goedde A, Toksöz E, Droege A, Krobitsch S, Korn B, Birchmeier W, Lehrach H, Wanker EE (September 2005). "A human protein-protein

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overexpression was associated with an increase in the expression of oncogenes (FXYD-3 and Livin). It was also found to enhance cell anti-apoptosis response and abnormal cell growth and was even found to be an indicator of rectal cancer's stage, type, and progression. Additionally, the levels of

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Tafazzin in CL remodeling has been shown to have a clear preference for linoleoyl-containing PC in forming mature CL. This specificity leads a mature composition of CL that contains a predominance of tetralinoleoyl moieties, which leads to the enrichment of tetralinoleoyl-cardiolipin (CL4). The

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by stabilizing the chain complexes with its linkages between acyl chains, binding to the c-rings of ATP synthase for proper function, maintaining respiratory chain supercomplex formation with proteins localized in the inner mitochondrial matrix including ATP/ADP translocase, pyruvate carrier,

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supplementation, which has been shown to ameliorate cardiac function and muscle weakness in some patients. However, no formal assessment of the utility of carnitine and arginine supplementation has been published, and its uses have only been effective in patients with specific deficiencies.

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Cardiomyopathy in BTHS is exhibited at varying levels. A cohort study of BTHS patients showed 41.5% of all diagnosed cardiomyopathies in the range from birth to one month of age, and 95% exhibited a history of cardiomyopathy. Furthermore, there have been cases with mild or late-onset

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allows follicular adenomas to be distinguished from follicular carcinomas, while in cervical cancer tafazzin levels increased from normal tissue, to squamous intraepithelial lesions, to squamous cervical carcinoma. Based on studies of cervical cancer progression, it is believed that

1428:, the energy-producing centers of cells. Tafazzin transacylase activity is responsible for cardiolipin remodeling, critical to maintaining mitochondrial inner membrane structure and function. It also has unique acyl specificity and membrane curvature sensing capabilities. 2062:

mutant cancer cells. In prostate cancer, CL, which is remodeled by tafazzin, was shown to have high palmitoleic acid content, which was found to have the ability to stimulate prostate cancer cell proliferation and reduce the rate of apoptosis. In thyroid neoplasm,

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region is known to interact with other proteins. TAZ has no known resemblance to other proteins. The half-life of tafazzin is just 3–6 hours, considerably shorter than most mitochondrial proteins, which may explain research difficulties in studying its structure.

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Takeda A, Sudo A, Yamada M, Yamazawa H, Izumi G, Nishino I, Ariga T (November 2011). "Barth syndrome diagnosed in the subclinical stage of heart failure based on the presence of lipid storage myopathy and isolated noncompaction of the ventricular myocardium".

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There is no known cure for BTHS, and treatment of BTHS is convoluted and delayed due to the disease's varying phenotypes and its sheer complexity. Thus, many treatments focus on cardiovascular and metabolic disorders, rather than treating the symptom itself.

1868:(DCM), left ventricular condition in which the heart becomes weakened and enlarged, and therefore cannot pump blood efficiently. The resulting decrease in blood flow can lead to swelling in the legs and abdomen, fluid in the lungs, and an increased risk of 1967:, 3‐methylglutaric acid, and 2‐ethyl-hydracrylic acid. While 3-MGA is largely excreted in BTHS patients, some patients have been found to have normal levels of organic acids in urine. Treatment of 3-MGA and metabolic deficiencies have included 7236: 1552:

gene have been associated with a number of mitochondrial deficiencies and associated disorders including Barth syndrome, dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), hypertrophic DCM, endocardial fibroelastosis, and left ventricular noncompaction (LVNC).

2010:. Presentation of neutropenia varies from mild to severe, cyclical to non-cyclical, and intermittent to chronic. An absolute neutrophil count of < 500/μL, defined as severe chronic neutropenia (SCN), is the most deleterious form. 4877:

Spencer CT, Byrne BJ, Bryant RM, Margossian R, Maisenbacher M, Breitenger P, et al. (November 2011). "Impaired cardiac reserve and severely diminished skeletal muscle O₂ utilization mediate exercise intolerance in Barth syndrome".

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Barth PG, Scholte HR, Berden JA, Van der Klei-Van Moorsel JM, Luyt-Houwen IE, Van 't Veer-Korthof ET, et al. (December 1983). "An X-linked mitochondrial disease affecting cardiac muscle, skeletal muscle and neutrophil leucocytes".

1214:. Other alternatively spliced transcripts have been described but the full-length nature of all these transcripts is not known. Most isoforms are found in all tissues, but some are found only in certain types of cells. Mutations in the 4841:

Bleyl SB, Mumford BR, Brown-Harrison MC, Pagotto LT, Carey JC, Pysher TJ, et al. (October 1997). "Xq28-linked noncompaction of the left ventricular myocardium: prenatal diagnosis and pathologic analysis of affected individuals".

7241: 1536:. Properly formed CL is critical in maintaining mitochondrial shape, energy production, and protein transport within cells, and remodeling by tafazzin aids in removing and replacing acyl chains damaged by oxidative stress. During 1847:

action, which may lead to an insufficient power stroke, severely weakened tissue, enlarged left ventricle, partial or incomplete contraction, and decreased ejection volume. Such consequences contribute to the cardiomyopathic

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After its synthesis, cardiolipin cannot exert its proper functions until it is actively remodeled. Tafazzin, an acyl-specific transferase, catalyzes the acyl transfer reaction between phospholipids and lysophospholipids in a

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The putative phospholipid-binding site, which is the active site of Tafazzin, is a 57 amino acid cleft with two open ends and positively charged residues. In addition, tafazzin localizes to the membrane leaflets facing the

1466:(PC) to MLCL. Such enzymatic activity forms lyso-PC and CL, and enriches the specific acyl chain of cardiolipin. The process has been shown to be specific for linoleoyl-containing PC. Such remodeling processes converts 4615:

Roberts AE, Nixon C, Steward CG, Gauvreau K, Maisenbacher M, Fletcher M, et al. (November 2012). "The Barth Syndrome Registry: distinguishing disease characteristics and growth data from a longitudinal study".

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Ferri L, Dionisi-Vici C, Taurisano R, Vaz FM, Guerrini R, Morrone A (November 2016). "When silence is noise: infantile-onset Barth syndrome caused by a synonymous substitution affecting TAZ gene transcription".

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tafazzin in a single-step reaction which transfers a linoleic acid group from phosphatidylcholine (PC), completing the CL deacylation-reacylation cycle. In contrast, transacylation involves the transfer of a

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Zimmerman RS, Cox S, Lakdawala NK, Cirino A, Mancini-DiNardo D, Clark E, Leon A, Duffy E, White E, Baxter S, Alaamery M, Farwell L, Weiss S, Seidman CE, Seidman JG, Ho CY, Rehm HL, Funke BH (May 2010).

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Lu B, Kelher MR, Lee DP, Lewin TM, Coleman RA, Choy PC, Hatch GM (October 2004). "Complex expression pattern of the Barth syndrome gene product tafazzin in human cell lines and murine tissues".

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Yen TY, Hwu WL, Chien YH, Wu MH, Lin MT, Tsao LY, et al. (August 2008). "Acute metabolic decompensation and sudden death in Barth syndrome: report of a family and a literature review".

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Adès LC, Gedeon AK, Wilson MJ, Latham M, Partington MW, Mulley JC, et al. (February 1993). "Barth syndrome: clinical features and confirmation of gene localisation to distal Xq28".

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the heart (left ventricle) does not develop correctly. In INVM, the heart muscle is weakened and cannot pump blood efficiently, frequently causing heart failure. Abnormal heart rhythms (

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and similar processes, CL is known to act as a platform for proteins and other machinery involved with its interactions with members of the Bcl-2 family, caspases, Bid, Bax, and Bak.

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for "Open-Label Extension Trial to Characterize the Long-term Safety and Tolerability of Elamipretide in Subjects With Genetically Confirmed Primary Mitochondrial Myopathy (PMM)" at

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Mehrle A, Rosenfelder H, Schupp I, del Val C, Arlt D, Hahne F, Bechtel S, Simpson J, Hofmann O, Hide W, Glatting KH, Huber W, Pepperkok R, Poustka A, Wiemann S (January 2006).

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Dale DC, Bolyard AA, Schwinzer BG, Pracht G, Bonilla MA, Boxer L, et al. (July 2006). "The Severe Chronic Neutropenia International Registry: 10-Year Follow-up Report".

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Sapandowski A, Stope M, Evert K, Evert M, Zimmermann U, Peter D, et al. (December 2015). "Cardiolipin composition correlates with prostate cancer cell proliferation".

1369:. It has a molecular weight around 35 kDa but may also appear in lower molecular weights due to species differences in isoform expression. Seven functional classes of 255: 154: 3977:

Cantlay AM, Shokrollahi K, Allen JT, Lunt PW, Newbury-Ecob RA, Steward CG (September 1999). "Genetic analysis of the G4.5 gene in families with suspected Barth syndrome".

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with high energy demands, such as the heart and other muscles, are most susceptible to cell death due to reduced energy production in mitochondria and protein transport.

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Monteiro JP, Oliveira PJ, Jurado AS (October 2013). "Mitochondrial membrane lipid remodeling in pathophysiology: a new target for diet and therapeutic interventions".

5465:"Tafazzin protein expression is associated with tumorigenesis and radiation response in rectal cancer: a study of Swedish clinical trial on preoperative radiotherapy" 1922:

in varying degrees. Furthermore, it has been shown that a downshift in weight, length, and height relative to the normal population is exhibited in BTHS patients.

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Treatment for developmental delays have included cornstarch supplementation as an alternative source of glucose. Metabolic deficiencies have been treated by oral

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Barth PG, Valianpour F, Bowen VM, Lam J, Duran M, Vaz FM, Wanders RJ (May 2004). "X-linked cardioskeletal myopathy and neutropenia (Barth syndrome): an update".

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were connected to the radiotherapy response of the patients, potentially offering insight into cancer recurrence in patients. A potential link between PI3K and

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overexpression has been linked to rectal cancer, prostate cancer, thyroid neoplasm, and cervical cancer. In a study of 140 Swedish rectal cancer patients,

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scavenging capability, which allows the circumvention of the harmful effects of ROS. These findings explain the neurological phenotypes in BTHS patients.

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McKenzie M, Lazarou M, Thorburn DR, Ryan MT (August 2006). "Mitochondrial respiratory chain supercomplexes are destabilized in Barth Syndrome patients".

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Barth PG, Wanders RJ, Vreken P, Janssen EA, Lam J, Baas F (June 1999). "X-linked cardioskeletal myopathy and neutropenia (Barth syndrome) (MIM 302060)".

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who enthusiastically beats his groin with a plastic bottle, this as a symbol of masochism for the strenuous will to find it by the group of researchers.

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may function as a membrane anchor, which does not exist in the shortest forms of tafazzins. The second region is a variable exposed loop located between

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Wiemann S, Arlt D, Huber W, Wellenreuther R, Schleeger S, Mehrle A, Bechtel S, Sauermann M, Korf U, Pepperkok R, Sültmann H, Poustka A (October 2004).

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Bachou T, Giannakopoulos A, Trapali C, Vazeou A, Kattamis A (2009). "A novel mutation in the G4.5 (TAZ) gene in a Greek patient with Barth syndrome".

6657: 3290:"Separation and characterization of cardiolipin molecular species by reverse-phase ion pair high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry" 2571:"The N-terminal phosphodegron targets TAZ/WWTR1 protein for SCFβ-TrCP-dependent degradation in response to phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase inhibition" 3148:"Identification of novel mitochondrial localization signals in human Tafazzin, the cause of the inherited cardiomyopathic disorder Barth syndrome" 2815:

Bione S, D'Adamo P, Maestrini E, Gedeon AK, Bolhuis PA, Toniolo D (April 1996). "A novel X-linked gene, G4.5. is responsible for Barth syndrome".

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Woiewodski L, Ezon D, Cooper J, Feingold B (April 2017). "Barth Syndrome with Late-Onset Cardiomyopathy: A Missed Opportunity for Diagnosis".

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have abnormally shaped mitochondria, which could impair their ability to grow (proliferate) and mature (differentiate), leading to a weakened

6850: 2319: 2301: 1441:-independent manner. The remodeling process of cardiolipin involves reaching a final acyl composition that is primarily linoleoyl residues. 7231: 6652: 2137:, after long and intensive work. Owing to the complex procedure required for the identification of tafazzin, the protein was named after 6824: 4855: 2909:"Structural and functional analyses of Barth syndrome-causing mutations and alternative splicing in the tafazzin acyltransferase domain" 1045: 241: 6792: 1365:. Many unique forms of tafazzin have been identified, with lengths from 129 to 292 amino acids. Tafazzin has at least four different 6608: 6546: 6080:"Comparison of lymphoblast mitochondria from normal subjects and patients with Barth syndrome using electron microscopic tomography" 5214: 3081: 1409: 1405: 1052: 6123:"The cardiolipin transacylase, tafazzin, associates with two distinct respiratory components providing insight into Barth syndrome" 1524:

carnitine carrier, and all of the respiratory chain complexes (I, III, IV, V). Cardiolipin also facilitates proton trapping in the

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cardiomyopathies, such as two infantile patients without cardiomyopathic phenotypes at the time of diagnosis. Cardiomyopathy in

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gene mutations that cause Barth syndrome result in the production of tafazzin proteins with little or no function. As a result,

7256: 7188: 6541: 5142:"Aberrant cardiolipin metabolism is associated with cognitive deficiency and hippocampal alteration in tafazzin knockdown mice" 4710:"Modeling the mitochondrial cardiomyopathy of Barth syndrome with induced pluripotent stem cell and heart-on-chip technologies" 2288: 2267: 1899:

is both generalized and local weakness. Weakness is exhibited as overt muscle weakness and increased exertional fatigue due to

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is involved in inducing EMT as well as its high levels in these cancer cells may point to its involvement in gastric cancer.

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Ferreira C, Thompson R, Vernon H (1993). Adam MP, Ardinger HH, Pagon RA, Wallace SE, Bean LJ, Stephens K, Amemiya A (eds.).

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3 and residues 185–200 in exon 7/8 targets. Tafazzin localizes with peripheral association to membrane leaflets between the

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Cosson L, Toutain A, Simard G, Kulik W, Matyas G, Guichet A, et al. (May 2012). "Barth syndrome in a female patient".

140: 115: 6721: 6701: 6615: 1566: 1243: 6277:"The human TAZ gene complements mitochondrial dysfunction in the yeast taz1Delta mutant. Implications for Barth syndrome" 2263: 6642: 6536: 6531: 2183:"TAZ encodes tafazzin, a transacylase essential for cardiolipin formation and central to the etiology of Barth syndrome" 2081: 1889: 1671: 1504: 1393: 254: 153: 57: 2181:

Anders O Garlid; Calvin T Schaffer; Jaewoo Kim; Hirsh Bhatt; Vladimir Guevara-Gonzalez; Peipei Ping (21 October 2019).

6804: 6578: 3015:"Mechanism for Remodeling of the Acyl Chain Composition of Cardiolipin Catalyzed by Saccharomyces cerevisiae Tafazzin" 1960: 1741: 3683:"The reconstituted ADP/ATP carrier activity has an absolute requirement for cardiolipin as shown in cysteine mutants" 2627:"TAZ overexpression is associated with epithelial-mesenchymal transition in cisplatin-resistant gastric cancer cells" 2168:

The 2019 version of this article was updated by an external expert under a dual publication model. The corresponding

247: 146: 6814: 6647: 6521: 1713: 1227: 6398:"Only one splice variant of the human TAZ gene encodes a functional protein with a role in cardiolipin metabolism" 3200:"The Taz1p transacylase is imported and sorted into the outer mitochondrial membrane via a membrane anchor domain" 6958: 6907: 6762: 6738: 6689: 6573: 6526: 6501: 6461: 5331:

Schmidt MR, Birkebaek N, Gonzalez I, Sunde L (March 2004). "Barth syndrome without 3-methylglutaconic aciduria".

1812: 1520: 1515:. Due to this composition, cardiolipin exhibits a conical structure, which allows for membrane curvature called 48:, BTHS, CMD3A, EFE, EFE2, G4.5, LVNCX, Taz1, tafazzin, TAZ, tafazzin, phospholipid-lysophospholipid transacylase 6767: 6492: 6447: 1562: 1239: 822: 65: 4518:"First-in-class cardiolipin-protective compound as a therapeutic agent to restore mitochondrial bioenergetics" 5614:"MITRAC links mitochondrial protein translocation to respiratory-chain assembly and translational regulation" 1277:

and entirely unrelated to the gene of interest. The Hippo pathway TAZ protein has an official gene symbol of

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Steward CG, Groves SJ, Taylor CT, Maisenbacher MK, Versluys B, Newbury-Ecob RA, et al. (January 2019).

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Vernon HJ, Sandlers Y, McClellan R, Kelley RI (June 2014). "Clinical laboratory studies in Barth Syndrome".

1964: 1948: 1853: 1733: 1274: 803: 7251: 6777: 6772: 6637: 6216: 3481:

Houtkooper RH, Turkenburg M, Poll-The BT, Karall D, Pérez-Cerdá C, Morrone A, et al. (October 2009).

2860:"Tafazzins from Drosophila and mammalian cells assemble in large protein complexes with a short half-life" 2072:

may induce cancer by inhibiting apoptosis and promoting cancer cell growth, viability, and tumorigenesis.

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Corazzi L, Robert R (2009). "Lipids of Brain Mitochondria". In Lajtha A, Tettamanti G, Goracci G (eds.).

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Starkov AA, Andreyev AY, Zhang SF, Starkova NN, Korneeva M, Syromyatnikov M, Popov VN (December 2014).

6819: 6706: 6693: 6593: 6003: 5573:"Gene expression profiling of differentiated thyroid neoplasms: diagnostic and clinical implications" 5476: 4408:"A novel mutation of the TAZ gene in Barth syndrome: acute exacerbation after contrast-dye injection" 4311:

Clarke SL, Bowron A, Gonzalez IL, Groves SJ, Newbury-Ecob R, Clayton N, et al. (February 2013).

4087: 3635: 2686: 1783:, and other common symptoms of Barth syndrome. Another c.C153G mutation resulted in severe metabolic 1533: 1373:

mutations have been classified based on the pathogenic loss-of-function mechanisms of each mutation.

129: 44: 6221: 3341:"Identification of a cardiolipin-specific phospholipase encoded by the gene CLD1 (YGR110W) in yeast" 1273:(transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif, a 50 kDA protein). which is a part of the 6551: 6045:"Monolysocardiolipin in cultured fibroblasts is a sensitive and specific marker for Barth Syndrome" 5612:

Mick DU, Dennerlein S, Wiese H, Reinhold R, Pacheu-Grau D, Lorenzi I, et al. (December 2012).

1772: 1630: 1525: 1496: 1463: 1397: 1354: 1339: 1137: 1024: 1020: 1016: 1012: 979: 945: 941: 937: 933: 890: 2029:. This resistance was identified to be due to the acquired ability of the cancer cells to undergo 1191:

to its mature composition containing a predominance of tetralinoleoyl moieties. Several different

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gene. A long form and a short form of each of these isoforms is produced; the short form lacks a

89: 6443: 5753:"Characterization of a transgenic short hairpin RNA-induced murine model of Tafazzin deficiency" 4174:

Valianpour F, Mitsakos V, Schlemmer D, Towbin JA, Taylor JM, Ekert PG, et al. (June 2005).

2347:"TAFAZZIN tafazzin, phospholipid-lysophospholipid transacylase [ Homo sapiens (human) ]" 1028: 991: 987: 983: 975: 949: 912: 902: 898: 894: 886: 5198: 7246: 6782: 6511: 6419: 6384: 6341: 6298: 6263: 6234: 6195: 6152: 6109: 6066: 6031: 5978: 5926: 5878: 5849: 5812: 5782: 5702: 5684: 5645: 5594: 5542: 5504: 5440: 5405: 5348: 5313: 5261: 5210: 5171: 5119: 5070: 5032: 4961: 4933: 4895: 4859: 4823: 4774: 4739: 4690: 4633: 4592: 4547: 4472: 4437: 4380: 4344: 4276: 4233: 4197: 4148: 4105: 4056: 3994: 3959: 3893: 3852: 3793: 3745: 3704: 3663: 3604: 3555: 3504: 3456: 3407: 3372: 3321: 3270: 3229: 3177: 3128: 3077: 3064:

Tang Y, Xia H, Li D (2018). "Membrane Phospholipid Biosynthesis in Bacteria". In Cao Y (ed.).

3046: 2990: 2938: 2889: 2832: 2763: 2714: 2648: 2602: 2505: 2451: 2403: 2222: 2204: 1768: 1649: 1582: 1259: 85: 37: 3427:"Cardiolipin remodeling: a regulatory hub for modulating cardiolipin metabolism and function" 2108: 6872: 6747: 6711: 6409: 6374: 6366: 6331: 6323: 6288: 6255: 6226: 6185: 6177: 6142: 6134: 6099: 6091: 6056: 6021: 6011: 5968: 5960: 5916: 5908: 5870: 5841: 5804: 5772: 5764: 5737: 5692: 5676: 5635: 5625: 5584: 5534: 5494: 5484: 5432: 5395: 5387: 5340: 5303: 5295: 5251: 5243: 5202: 5190: 5161: 5153: 5109: 5101: 5062: 5022: 5012: 4999:

Rigaud C, Lebre AS, Touraine R, Beaupain B, Ottolenghi C, Chabli A, et al. (May 2013).

4925: 4887: 4851: 4813: 4805: 4766: 4729: 4721: 4680: 4672: 4625: 4582: 4574: 4537: 4529: 4464: 4427: 4419: 4372: 4334: 4324: 4268: 4225: 4187: 4140: 4095: 4048: 3986: 3949: 3941: 3883: 3842: 3832: 3785: 3735: 3694: 3653: 3643: 3594: 3586: 3545: 3535: 3494: 3446: 3438: 3399: 3362: 3352: 3311: 3301: 3260: 3219: 3211: 3167: 3159: 3118: 3110: 3069: 3036: 3026: 2980: 2972: 2928: 2920: 2879: 2871: 2824: 2753: 2745: 2704: 2694: 2675:"Tafazzin (TAZ) promotes the tumorigenicity of cervical cancer cells and inhibits apoptosis" 2638: 2592: 2582: 2495: 2485: 2441: 2393: 2383: 2230: 2212: 2196: 1963:(3-MGA), a condition characterized by increased levels of organic acids in urine, including 1878: 1804: 1745: 1642: 1578: 1294: 1255: 1177: 334: 265: 209: 164: 5571:

Chevillard S, Ugolin N, Vielh P, Ory K, Levalois C, Elliott D, et al. (October 2004).

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Xu Y, Zhang S, Malhotra A, Edelman-Novemsky I, Ma J, Kruppa A, et al. (October 2009).

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of Barth syndrome, marked by a weakened heart and diminished contractility. Alternatively,

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Baile MG, Sathappa M, Lu YW, Pryce E, Whited K, McCaffery JM, et al. (January 2014).

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Acehan D, Vaz F, Houtkooper RH, James J, Moore V, Tokunaga C, et al. (January 2011).

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gene provides instructions for producing a protein called tafazzin, which is localized to

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Malhotra A, Edelman-Novemsky I, Xu Y, Plesken H, Ma J, Schlame M, Ren M (February 2009).

5665:"The Function of Tafazzin, a Mitochondrial Phospholipid–Lysophospholipid Acyltransferase" 4176:"Monolysocardiolipins accumulate in Barth syndrome but do not lead to enhanced apoptosis" 3575:"The physical state of lipid substrates provides transacylation specificity for tafazzin" 6007: 5480: 5140:

Cole LK, Kim JH, Amoscato AA, Tyurina YY, Bay RH, Karimi B, et al. (October 2018).

4809: 4091: 3639: 2690: 1660:. Dysfunctional mitochondria likely lead to other signs and symptoms of Barth syndrome. 6927: 6379: 6354: 6190: 6165: 6147: 6122: 6104: 6079: 6026: 5991: 5973: 5948: 5777: 5752: 5697: 5664: 5499: 5464: 5400: 5375: 5344: 5308: 5283: 5256: 5231: 5166: 5141: 5114: 5105: 5089: 5027: 5000: 4818: 4793: 4734: 4709: 4685: 4660: 4542: 4517: 4432: 4407: 4339: 4312: 3954: 3929: 3847: 3820: 3658: 3623: 3599: 3574: 3550: 3523: 3451: 3426: 3367: 3340: 3316: 3289: 3224: 3199: 3172: 3147: 3123: 3098: 3041: 3014: 2985: 2960: 2933: 2908: 2884: 2859: 2758: 2733: 2709: 2674: 2597: 2570: 2500: 2473: 2398: 2371: 2217: 2187: 2182: 2130: 2022: 1911: 1861: 1832: 1792: 1764: 1757: 1691: 1593: 1574: 1251: 1219: 1211: 1165: 6336: 6311: 4259:

Aprikyan AA, Khuchua Z (May 2013). "Advances in the understanding of Barth syndrome".

4100: 4075: 3990: 3740: 3723: 3699: 3682: 692: 687: 682: 677: 672: 667: 662: 657: 652: 647: 642: 637: 632: 627: 622: 617: 612: 596: 591: 586: 581: 576: 571: 566: 561: 556: 540: 535: 530: 525: 7225: 7215: 5191: 4229: 2789: 2734:"Integration of cardiac proteome biology and medicine by a specialized knowledgebase" 2549: 2357: 1856:(ROS) has been suggested as the primary cause of cardiovascular impairments in BTHS. 1820: 1708: 1653: 1614: 1558: 1512: 1459: 1450: 1361:. This motif is responsible for facilitating the Asp-His dyad mechanism seen in many 1347: 1235: 512: 5992:"Role of calcium-independent phospholipase A2 in the pathogenesis of Barth syndrome" 5861:

Gonzalez IL (May 2005). "Barth syndrome: TAZ gene mutations, mRNAs, and evolution".

5824: 5554: 5360: 4708:

Wang G, McCain ML, Yang L, He A, Pasqualini FS, Agarwal A, et al. (June 2014).

4645: 4484: 4245: 4160: 3805: 3757: 2844: 1412:(TIM) mediates tafazzin's movement and insertion into the OMM and anchoring to IMM. 6877: 5938: 4392: 4288: 4117: 3821:"Unremodeled and remodeled cardiolipin are functionally indistinguishable in yeast" 1972: 1800: 1788: 1780: 1749: 1529: 1425: 1298: 1180: 1173: 327: 106: 69: 5890: 5589: 5572: 4578: 4499: 3339:

Beranek A, Rechberger G, Knauer H, Wolinski H, Kohlwein SD, Leber R (April 2009).

2749: 5964: 5751:

Soustek MS, Falk DJ, Mah CS, Toth MJ, Schlame M, Lewin AS, Byrne BJ (July 2011).

5489: 5391: 5157: 3888: 3871: 3499: 3482: 3403: 3265: 3248: 2699: 1317:

and the central region, which are two functionally notable regions. A 30 residue

1130: 93: 7081: 6937: 6898: 6726: 6484: 6370: 5206: 5066: 4891: 4770: 4052: 3573:

Schlame M, Acehan D, Berno B, Xu Y, Valvo S, Ren M, et al. (October 2012).

3163: 3073: 2924: 2324:

National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine

2306:

National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine

2093: 2059: 1991: 1776: 1723: 1634: 1626: 1622: 1618: 1606: 1492: 1472: 1467: 1446: 1385: 1330: 1326: 1318: 1310: 1200: 1188: 6061: 6044: 5996:

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

5912: 5845: 5630: 5613: 4955: 4423: 4192: 4175: 3628:

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

3390:

Schlame M (March 2013). "Cardiolipin remodeling and the function of tafazzin".

2875: 2200: 410: 6868: 6438: 6230: 6095: 5808: 5680: 5538: 5299: 5247: 4676: 4468: 4144: 3442: 3013:

Abe M, Hasegawa Y, Oku M, Sawada Y, Tanaka E, Sakai Y, Miyoshi H (July 2016).

2474:"Cardiac and skeletal muscle defects in a mouse model of human Barth syndrome" 2007: 2003: 1995: 1987: 1968: 1944: 1836: 1816: 1703: 1683: 1679: 1657: 1638: 1508: 1438: 1401: 1343: 1322: 1314: 226: 123: 73: 6121:

Claypool SM, Boontheung P, McCaffery JM, Loo JA, Koehler CM (December 2008).

5688: 3872:"Cardiolipin acts as a mitochondrial signalling platform to launch apoptosis" 2732:

Zong NC, Li H, Li H, Lam MP, Jimenez RC, Kim CS, et al. (October 2013).

2208: 1760:, and dramatic late catch-up growth after growth delay throughout childhood. 1142: 6355:"The extent of linkage disequilibrium caused by selection on G6PD in humans" 6138: 6016: 5742: 5725: 5463:

Pathak S, Meng WJ, Zhang H, Gnosa S, Nandy SK, Adell G, et al. (2014).

5282:

Wortmann SB, Kluijtmans LA, Engelke UF, Wevers RA, Morava E (January 2012).

4929: 3837: 3648: 3540: 3031: 2587: 2490: 2388: 2026: 1930: 1915: 1896: 1892: 1849: 1844: 1675: 1663: 1537: 1454: 1351: 1302: 1204: 722: 470: 348: 293: 280: 192: 179: 81: 7237:

Knowledge (XXG) articles with corresponding academic peer reviewed articles

6423: 6414: 6397: 6388: 6345: 6302: 6293: 6276: 6267: 6238: 6199: 6156: 6113: 6070: 6035: 5982: 5930: 5882: 5853: 5816: 5786: 5706: 5649: 5598: 5546: 5508: 5444: 5436: 5409: 5352: 5317: 5265: 5175: 5123: 5074: 5036: 5017: 5001:"Natural history of Barth syndrome: a national cohort study of 22 patients" 4965: 4899: 4856:

10.1002/(SICI)1096-8628(19971031)72:3<257::AID-AJMG2>3.0.CO;2-O

4827: 4778: 4743: 4694: 4637: 4596: 4551: 4476: 4441: 4384: 4348: 4329: 4280: 4201: 4152: 4060: 3998: 3963: 3897: 3856: 3797: 3749: 3667: 3608: 3559: 3508: 3460: 3411: 3376: 3357: 3325: 3274: 3233: 3181: 3132: 3050: 2994: 2942: 2893: 2767: 2718: 2652: 2606: 2509: 2455: 2446: 2429: 2407: 2226: 6396:

Vaz FM, Houtkooper RH, Valianpour F, Barth PG, Wanders RJ (October 2003).

4937: 4863: 4237: 4109: 3945: 3708: 3590: 3392:

Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids

2976: 2836: 2643: 2626: 2372:"Characterization of tafazzin splice variants from humans and fruit flies" 2234: 1400:(IMS). Tafazzin's characteristic interfacial anchoring is achieved by its 1092: 1087: 6516: 6353:

Saunders MA, Slatkin M, Garner C, Hammer MF, Nachman MW (November 2005).

6181: 5874: 5768: 4629: 3919: 3789: 3114: 2160: 1999: 1926: 1903: 1900: 1869: 1784: 1729: 1388:

for directing the protein to the mitochondria, forming residues 84–95 in

1313:. The structure of the encoded protein has been found to differ at their 1192: 1125: 1076: 867: 848: 3922:

for "TAZ - Tafazzin - Homo sapiens (Human) - TAZ gene & protein" at

3681:

Hoffmann B, Stöckl A, Schlame M, Beyer K, Klingenberg M (January 1994).

3306: 3215: 2569:

Huang W, Lv X, Liu C, Zha Z, Zhang H, Jiang Y, et al. (July 2012).

6327: 5376:"Neutropenia in Barth syndrome: characteristics, risks, and management" 4587: 3923: 2828: 2138: 1516: 1381: 1207: 1154: 834: 789: 7242:

Knowledge (XXG) articles with corresponding articles published in Gene

6084:

Laboratory Investigation; A Journal of Technical Methods and Pathology

4533: 4376: 4272: 6797: 6625: 6620: 6561: 3249:"Membrane curvature modulation of protein activity determined by NMR" 1808: 1570: 1247: 1060: 744: 6259: 4725: 6679: 6566: 6043:

van Werkhoven MA, Thorburn DR, Gedeon AK, Pitt JJ (October 2006).

2534: 2118: 1278: 1270: 4015: 2548:

This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the

2356:

This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the

1815:, is currently being tested in clinical trials. Further, dietary 707: 703: 7173: 7168: 7148: 7138: 7133: 7128: 7050: 7045: 7040: 7035: 7025: 7020: 6995: 6990: 6980: 6975: 6970: 6965: 6932: 6583: 6439:

GeneReviews/NCBI/NIH/UW entry on Dilated Cardiomyopathy Overview

5146:

Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Basis of Disease

4880:

American Journal of Physiology. Heart and Circulatory Physiology

2103: 1748:, motor delay, poor appetite, fatigue and exercise intolerance, 1744:, isolated noncompaction of left ventricular myocardium (INVM), 1500: 1488:

Tafazzin and cardiolipin in mitochondrial structure and function

1389: 1161: 61: 6839: 6457: 4406:

Kim GB, Kwon BS, Bae EJ, Noh CI, Seong MW, Park SS (May 2013).

1609:(CL), the signature lipid of the mitochondrial inner membrane. 5949:"A novel custom resequencing array for dilated cardiomyopathy" 5899:

interaction network: a resource for annotating the proteome".

2858:

Xu Y, Malhotra A, Claypool SM, Ren M, Schlame M (March 2015).

2154: 6275:

Ma L, Vaz FM, Gu Z, Wanders RJ, Greenberg ML (October 2004).

4076:"Barth syndrome may be due to an acyltransferase deficiency" 3097:

Whited K, Baile MG, Currier P, Claypool SM (February 2013).

2054:

indicates a possible association between PI3K signaling and

1994:, a condition characterized by a decline in total number of 1914:. Additional symptoms of musculoskeletal pathology include 4661:"Barth Syndrome: Connecting Cardiolipin to Cardiomyopathy" 3724:"Cardiolipin: a proton trap for oxidative phosphorylation" 3483:"The enigmatic role of tafazzin in cardiolipin metabolism" 6312:"From ORFeome to biology: a functional genomics pipeline" 5090:"Barth syndrome is associated with a cognitive phenotype" 3524:"The Basis for Acyl Specificity in the Tafazzin Reaction" 2625:

Ge L, Li DS, Chen F, Feng JD, Li B, Wang TJ (July 2017).

1959:

Metabolic disorders in BTHS are exhibited in the form of

1895:

is exhibited in varying forms in BTHS patients. A common

1596:(BTHS) is an X-linked disease caused by mutations in the 1557:

has also been associated with various cancers, including

1396:(IMM) and outer mitochondrial membrane (OMM), facing the 1218:

gene have been associated with mitochondrial deficiency,

5671:. Molecular Mechanisms in Integral Membrane Enzymology. 3247:

Epand RM, D'Souza K, Berno B, Schlame M (January 2015).

1978:, which have shown significant improvement in patients. 1835:

is a prominent feature of Barth syndrome. The change in

317: 2786:

Cardiac Organellar Protein Atlas Knowledgebase (COPaKB)

1686:

consequences. Common clinical manifestations include:

1357:, His-77, as part of the conserved HX4D motif seen in 1309:

gene produces a 21.3 kDa protein composed of 184

623:

mitochondrial ATP synthesis coupled electron transport

531:

1-acylglycerophosphocholine O-acyltransferase activity

6078:

Acehan D, Xu Y, Stokes DL, Schlame M (January 2007).

5193:

Handbook of Neurochemistry and Molecular Neurobiology

3198:

Herndon JD, Claypool SM, Koehler CM (December 2013).

3099:"Seven functional classes of Barth syndrome mutation" 536:

1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase activity

482: 4792:

Shemisa K, Li J, Tam M, Barcena J (September 2013).

2428:

Xu Y, Malhotra A, Ren M, Schlame M (December 2006).

1864:

is primarily exhibited in multiple forms, including

673:

positive regulation of cardiolipin metabolic process

7099: 6886: 6737: 6688: 6500: 1269:gene was frequently confused with a protein called 1136: 1124: 1116: 1111: 1106: 1005: 968: 926: 885: 5094:Journal of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics 3876:Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Biomembranes 3487:Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Biomembranes 3253:Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Biomembranes 2280: 2278: 2276: 2259: 2257: 2255: 1503:linked to three glycerol moietie localized in the 638:mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I assembly 5088:Mazzocco MM, Henry AE, Kelly RI (February 2007). 3913: 3911: 3909: 3907: 1843:caused by defective tafazzin can cause defective 264: 163: 5232:"Scavenging of H2O2 by mouse brain mitochondria" 1918:, delayed motor development, short stature, and 1605:is responsible for remodeling of a phospholipid 5284:"The 3-methylglutaconic acidurias: what's new?" 4794:"Left ventricular noncompaction cardiomyopathy" 3476: 3474: 3472: 3470: 2907:Hijikata A, Yura K, Ohara O, Go M (June 2015). 2810: 2808: 2806: 2467: 2465: 2423: 2421: 2419: 2417: 1666:of Barth Syndrome encompass a wide range, with 678:positive regulation of ATP biosynthetic process 3930:"UniProt: the universal protein knowledgebase" 2285:GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000009995 1195:of the tafazzin protein are produced from the 6851: 6469: 1404:sequence from residues 215–232. Finally, the 8: 6675:2-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase 6670:1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase 4618:American Journal of Medical Genetics. Part A 3918:Universal protein resource accession number 3778:American Journal of Medical Genetics. Part A 3152:Journal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology 3146:Dinca AA, Chien WM, Chin MT (January 2018). 1185:phospholipid:diacylglycerol acyltransferases 5863:American Journal of Medical Genetics Part A 3624:"Cardiolipin puts the seal on ATP synthase" 2264:GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000102125 1763:A c.348C>T mutation resulted in dilated 7212:United States National Library of Medicine 7103: 6890: 6858: 6844: 6836: 6476: 6462: 6454: 882: 718: 508: 305: 204: 101: 6446:at the U.S. National Library of Medicine 6413: 6378: 6335: 6292: 6220: 6189: 6146: 6103: 6060: 6025: 6015: 5972: 5920: 5776: 5741: 5696: 5663:Schlame, Michael; Xu, Yang (2020-08-21). 5639: 5629: 5588: 5498: 5488: 5399: 5307: 5255: 5236:Journal of Bioenergetics and Biomembranes 5165: 5113: 5026: 5016: 4817: 4733: 4684: 4586: 4541: 4431: 4338: 4328: 4191: 4099: 3953: 3887: 3846: 3836: 3739: 3698: 3657: 3647: 3598: 3549: 3539: 3498: 3450: 3431:Journal of Bioenergetics and Biomembranes 3425:Ye C, Shen Z, Greenberg ML (April 2016). 3366: 3356: 3315: 3305: 3264: 3223: 3171: 3122: 3040: 3030: 2984: 2932: 2883: 2757: 2708: 2698: 2642: 2596: 2586: 2499: 2489: 2445: 2397: 2387: 2341: 2339: 2337: 2335: 2333: 2216: 2021:has been found to be highly expressed in 688:inner mitochondrial membrane organization 7210:This article incorporates text from the 3722:Haines TH, Dencher NA (September 2002). 2141:, an Italian comedy character played by 1947:chains. Finally, the brain has a higher 1629:fatty acyl composition, accumulation of 1329:124 and 195 in the central region. This 4016:"Barth Syndrome Foundation : Home" 3068:. Springer Singapore. pp. 77–119. 2251: 1519:. Further, CL plays important roles in 1187:). It catalyzes remodeling of immature 6945:Choline-phosphate cytidylyltransferase 6665:Glycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase 5566: 5564: 5520: 5518: 5458: 5456: 5454: 5288:Journal of Inherited Metabolic Disease 5277: 5275: 5135: 5133: 5048: 5046: 4981: 4971: 4133:Journal of Inherited Metabolic Disease 3622:Mehdipour AR, Hummer G (August 2016). 2668: 2666: 2664: 2662: 2620: 2618: 2616: 2564: 2562: 2560: 2558: 2529: 2527: 2525: 2523: 2521: 2519: 2129:The protein was discovered in 1996 by 1479:Acyl specificity and sensing curvature 1103: 18: 6658:Lecithin—cholesterol acyltransferase 5834:Blood Cells, Molecules & Diseases 4960:. University of Washington, Seattle. 4949: 4947: 4911: 4909: 4610: 4608: 4606: 4306: 4304: 4302: 4300: 4298: 4010: 4008: 3870:Schug ZT, Gottlieb E (October 2009). 3771: 3769: 3767: 3522:Schlame M, Xu Y, Ren M (March 2017). 3193: 3191: 3008: 3006: 3004: 2954: 2952: 1600:gene. More than 160 mutations in the 269: 230: 225: 168: 127: 122: 7: 6653:Glyceronephosphate O-acyltransferase 4918:American Journal of Medical Genetics 4844:American Journal of Medical Genetics 4798:Cardiovascular Diagnosis and Therapy 4218:Journal of the Neurological Sciences 3288:Minkler PE, Hoppel CL (April 2010). 2430:"The enzymatic function of tafazzin" 6825:Sulfoacetaldehyde acetyltransferase 6517:Acetyl-Coenzyme A acetyltransferase 6402:The Journal of Biological Chemistry 6281:The Journal of Biological Chemistry 5527:Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry 4810:10.3978/j.issn.2223-3652.2013.05.04 3825:The Journal of Biological Chemistry 3687:The Journal of Biological Chemistry 3528:The Journal of Biological Chemistry 3345:The Journal of Biological Chemistry 3019:The Journal of Biological Chemistry 2575:The Journal of Biological Chemistry 2478:The Journal of Biological Chemistry 2434:The Journal of Biological Chemistry 2376:The Journal of Biological Chemistry 1998:in circulation with an increase in 1906:. It worsens when present with the 1775:of c.227delC displayed symptoms of 1301:at position 28 and it spans 10,208 1203:leader sequence and may exist as a 6959:phosphatidylinositol glycan anchor 6741:: converted into alkyl on transfer 5345:10.1111/j.1651-2227.2004.tb02974.x 5106:10.1097/01.DBP.0000257519.79803.90 2673:Chen M, Zhang Y, Zheng PS (2017). 1803:, an agent which protects CL from 1164:. Tafazzin is highly expressed in 1002: 965: 923: 858: 839: 813: 794: 768: 749: 663:skeletal muscle tissue development 487: 405: 343: 322: 14: 6547:Chloramphenicol acetyltransferase 5055:Molecular Genetics and Metabolism 5005:Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases 4659:Ikon N, Ryan RO (February 2017). 4412:Journal of Korean Medical Science 4317:Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases 4041:Molecular Genetics and Metabolism 2631:International Journal of Oncology 2031:epithelial-mesenchymal transition 1410:translocase of the inner membrane 1406:translocase of the outer membrane 1265:It is important to note that the 1157:that in humans is encoded by the 658:cardiolipin acyl-chain remodeling 628:cardiac muscle tissue development 6599:Carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase 2543: 2351: 2159: 2080:Tafazzin has been shown to have 2058:as both were highly elevated in 1350:in that it contains a conserved 648:cardiolipin biosynthetic process 253: 246: 240: 217: 152: 145: 139: 114: 7189:Phosphoric monoester hydrolases 6542:Beta-galactoside transacetylase 5726:"Mouse model of Barth syndrome" 4522:British Journal of Pharmacology 3940:(D1): D158–D169. January 2017. 1990:pathology for BTHS patients is 1637:levels. This may lead to acute 1625:metabolism, including aberrant 1532:in channeling protons into the 592:intrinsic component of membrane 7194:Inositol-phosphate phosphatase 6557:Serotonin N-acetyl transferase 6504:: other than amino-acyl groups 5922:11858/00-001M-0000-0010-8592-0 5797:European Journal of Pediatrics 5641:11858/00-001M-0000-000E-DDDF-4 4457:European Journal of Pediatrics 4261:British Journal of Haematology 1791:, and other major symptoms of 1232:left ventricular noncompaction 668:phospholipid metabolic process 562:integral component of membrane 471:More reference expression data 367:right hemisphere of cerebellum 1: 6722:Keratinocyte transglutaminase 6702:Gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase 6616:Serine C-palmitoyltransferase 6248:Biochemistry and Cell Biology 6166:"The LIFEdb database in 2006" 6127:Molecular Biology of the Cell 5736:(47): 1427. 9 December 2010. 5590:10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-04-0053 5380:Current Opinion in Hematology 4579:10.1016/j.plipres.2013.06.002 4101:10.1016/S0960-9822(06)00237-5 3991:10.1016/s0022-3476(99)70126-5 3741:10.1016/s0014-5793(02)03292-1 3700:10.1016/S0021-9258(17)42117-X 3066:Advances in Membrane Proteins 2750:10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.113.301151 2084:with the following and more. 1771:myocardium. A patient with a 1694:(enlarged and weakened heart) 693:regulation of gene expression 238: 137: 6643:Aminolevulinic acid synthase 6537:Acetyl-CoA C-acyltransferase 6532:Dihydrolipoyl transacetylase 6209:Journal of Molecular Biology 5965:10.1097/GIM.0b013e3181d6f7c0 5669:Journal of Molecular Biology 5490:10.1371/journal.pone.0098317 5392:10.1097/MOH.0000000000000472 5158:10.1016/j.bbadis.2018.07.022 4230:10.1016/0022-510x(83)90209-5 3889:10.1016/j.bbamem.2009.05.004 3500:10.1016/j.bbamem.2009.07.009 3404:10.1016/j.bbalip.2012.11.007 3266:10.1016/j.bbamem.2014.05.004 2700:10.1371/journal.pone.0177171 2082:protein-protein interactions 1740:Additional features include 1507:. These acyl groups include 1505:mitochondrial inner membrane 1394:inner mitochondrial membrane 587:mitochondrial inner membrane 7232:Genes on human chromosome X 6805:2-hydroxyglutarate synthase 6371:10.1534/genetics.105.048140 5207:10.1007/978-0-387-30378-9_8 5067:10.1016/j.ymgme.2014.03.007 4892:10.1152/ajpheart.00479.2010 4771:10.1016/j.jpeds.2016.12.070 4053:10.1016/j.ymgme.2012.01.015 3164:10.1016/j.yjmcc.2017.11.005 3074:10.1007/978-981-13-0532-0_4 2961:"Tafazzin senses curvature" 2959:Gawrisch K (October 2012). 2925:10.1016/j.mgene.2015.04.001 2191:. Gene Wiki Review Series. 1961:3-methylglutaconic aciduria 1742:hypertrophic cardiomyopathy 1563:papillary thyroid carcinoma 1445:interacts with an immature 1240:papillary thyroid carcinoma 375:right lobe of thyroid gland 7273: 6815:2-isopropylmalate synthase 6648:Beta-ketoacyl-ACP synthase 6522:N-Acetylglutamate synthase 6176:(Database issue): D415–8. 6062:10.1194/jlr.D600024-JLR200 5913:10.1016/j.cell.2005.08.029 5846:10.1016/j.bcmd.2008.11.004 5631:10.1016/j.cell.2012.11.053 4567:Progress in Lipid Research 4424:10.3346/jkms.2013.28.5.784 4193:10.1194/jlr.M500056-JLR200 4074:Neuwald AF (August 1997). 2876:10.1016/j.mito.2015.01.002 2201:10.1016/J.GENE.2019.144148 1819:have been used to enhance 1807:to maintain mitochondrial 1767:with noncompaction of the 1714:endocardial fibroelastosis 1633:(MLCL), and reduced total 1567:non-small cell lung cancer 1244:non-small cell lung cancer 1228:endocardial fibroelastosis 618:cardiac muscle contraction 541:O-acyltransferase activity 387:left lobe of thyroid gland 383:mucosa of transverse colon 7184: 7119: 7106: 7076: 6953: 6923: 6908:Phosphatidate phosphatase 6893: 6763:Decylhomocitrate synthase 6574:Histone acetyltransferase 6527:Choline acetyltransferase 6231:10.1016/j.jmb.2006.06.057 6096:10.1038/labinvest.3700480 6049:Journal of Lipid Research 5809:10.1007/s00431-011-1576-5 5681:10.1016/j.jmb.2020.03.026 5539:10.1007/s11010-015-2549-1 5425:Supportive Cancer Therapy 5300:10.1007/s10545-010-9210-7 5248:10.1007/s10863-014-9581-9 4759:The Journal of Pediatrics 4677:10.1007/s11745-016-4229-7 4469:10.1007/s00431-007-0592-y 4180:Journal of Lipid Research 3979:The Journal of Pediatrics 3443:10.1007/s10863-014-9591-7 3294:Journal of Lipid Research 2320:"Mouse PubMed Reference:" 2302:"Human PubMed Reference:" 2172:article was published in 2033:(EMT). The findings that 1885:Musculoskeletal pathology 1813:oxidative phosphorylation 1521:oxidative phosphorylation 1449:by adding the fatty acid 1432:Transacylase (remodeling) 1340:intermembrane space (IMS) 1226:(DCM), hypertrophic DCM, 1091: 1086: 1082: 1075: 1059: 1046:Chr X: 154.41 – 154.42 Mb 1040: 1009: 972: 961: 930: 909: 878: 865: 861: 846: 842: 833: 820: 816: 801: 797: 788: 775: 771: 756: 752: 743: 728: 721: 717: 701: 511: 507: 495: 490: 481: 468: 417: 408: 355: 346: 316: 308: 304: 287: 274: 237: 216: 207: 203: 186: 173: 136: 113: 104: 100: 55: 52: 42: 35: 30: 26: 21: 6768:2-methylcitrate synthase 6448:Medical Subject Headings 5577:Clinical Cancer Research 5197:. Springer US. pp. 3103:Human Molecular Genetics 2133:scientists Silvia Bione 1872:. Some mutations in the 1828:Cardiovascular pathology 1639:metabolic decompensation 1346:. Tafazzin differs from 526:acyltransferase activity 6810:3-propylmalate synthase 6717:Tissue transglutaminase 6139:10.1091/mbc.E08-09-0896 6017:10.1073/pnas.0811224106 5743:10.1038/scibx.2010.1427 4930:10.1002/ajmg.1320450309 4516:Szeto HH (April 2014). 4145:10.1023/A:1005568609936 3838:10.1074/jbc.M113.525733 3649:10.1073/pnas.1609806113 3579:Nature Chemical Biology 3541:10.1074/jbc.M116.769182 3032:10.1074/jbc.M116.718510 2965:Nature Chemical Biology 2588:10.1074/jbc.M112.382036 2539:Genetics Home Reference 2491:10.1074/jbc.M110.171439 2389:10.1074/jbc.M109.016642 2006:and no fluctuations in 1965:3‐methylglutaconic acid 1854:reactive oxygen species 1734:3-methylglutaconic acid 1648:Additionally, affected 1342:, which is crucial for 1293:gene is located on the 1053:Chr X: 73.33 – 73.33 Mb 572:mitochondrial membranes 16:Protein found in humans 7257:Mitochondrial diseases 6778:3-ethylmalate synthase 6773:2-ethylmalate synthase 6638:Acyltransferase like 2 6415:10.1074/jbc.M305956200 6294:10.1074/jbc.M405479200 6170:Nucleic Acids Research 5437:10.3816/SCT.2006.n.020 5018:10.1186/1750-1172-8-70 4497:Clinical trial number 4330:10.1186/1750-1172-8-23 3934:Nucleic Acids Research 3358:10.1074/jbc.M805511200 2447:10.1074/jbc.M606100200 2170:academic peer reviewed 1938:Neurological pathology 1866:dilated cardiomyopathy 1746:ventricular arrhythmia 1224:dilated cardiomyopathy 445:skeletal muscle tissue 421:neural layer of retina 271:X A7.3|X 37.95 cM 7124:Diacylglycerol kinase 6758:Citrate (Re)-synthase 6753:Decylcitrate synthase 6694:Aminoacyltransferases 6594:palmitoyltransferases 4020:www.barthsyndrome.org 3591:10.1038/nchembio.1064 2977:10.1038/nchembio.1068 2644:10.3892/ijo.2017.3998 1982:Hematologic pathology 1544:Clinical significance 1172:, and functions as a 6820:Homocitrate synthase 6707:Peptidyl transferase 5953:Genetics in Medicine 5875:10.1002/ajmg.a.30661 5769:10.1089/hum.2010.199 4630:10.1002/ajmg.a.35609 3790:10.1002/ajmg.a.20660 2738:Circulation Research 2178:and can be cited as: 1773:frame shift mutation 1534:mitochondrial matrix 1499:which contains four 232:X chromosome (mouse) 130:X chromosome (human) 94:TAFAZZIN - orthologs 6552:N-acetyltransferase 6008:2009PNAS..106.2337M 5481:2014PLoSO...998317P 4092:1997CBio....7R.462N 3946:10.1093/nar/gkw1099 3640:2016PNAS..113.8568M 3307:10.1194/jlr.D002857 3216:10.1128/EC.00237-13 2691:2017PLoSO..1277171C 2025:cells resistant to 1955:Metabolic disorders 1641:and sudden death. 1631:monolysocardiolipin 1526:intermembrane space 1497:glycerophospholipid 1464:phosphatidylcholine 1398:intermembrane space 1384:independent of its 433:submandibular gland 395:canal of the cervix 7214:, which is in the 6512:acetyltransferases 6444:TAZ+protein,+human 6328:10.1101/gr.2576704 6182:10.1093/nar/gkj139 5757:Human Gene Therapy 4505:ClinicalTrials.gov 3115:10.1093/hmg/dds447 2829:10.1038/ng0496-385 1881:) can also occur. 1841:lipid peroxidation 1719:growth retardation 1380:gene contains two 1210:rather than being 823:ENSMUSG00000009995 613:muscle contraction 606:Biological process 550:Cellular component 519:Molecular function 7206: 7205: 7202: 7201: 7095: 7094: 6833: 6832: 6783:ATP citrate lyase 5675:(18): 5043–5051. 5152:(10): 3353–3367. 4534:10.1111/bph.12461 4377:10.1111/cge.12756 4365:Clinical Genetics 4273:10.1111/bjh.12271 3534:(13): 5499–5506. 3259:(1 Pt B): 220–8. 3025:(30): 15491–502. 2243: 2242: 1920:facial dysmorphia 1650:white blood cells 1579:thyroid neoplasms 1548:Mutations in the 1256:thyroid neoplasms 1148: 1147: 1102: 1101: 1098: 1097: 1071: 1070: 1036: 1035: 999: 998: 957: 956: 920: 919: 874: 873: 855: 854: 829: 828: 810: 809: 784: 783: 765: 764: 713: 712: 643:heart development 633:cristae formation 503: 502: 499: 498: 477: 476: 464: 463: 402: 401: 300: 299: 199: 198: 7264: 7104: 6891: 6873:lipid metabolism 6860: 6853: 6846: 6837: 6793:HMG-CoA synthase 6748:Citrate synthase 6712:Transglutaminase 6489:acyltransferases 6478: 6471: 6464: 6455: 6427: 6417: 6408:(44): 43089–94. 6392: 6382: 6349: 6339: 6322:(10B): 2136–44. 6306: 6296: 6271: 6242: 6224: 6203: 6193: 6160: 6150: 6117: 6107: 6074: 6064: 6039: 6029: 6019: 5986: 5976: 5942: 5924: 5894: 5857: 5828: 5790: 5780: 5747: 5745: 5711: 5710: 5700: 5660: 5654: 5653: 5643: 5633: 5609: 5603: 5602: 5592: 5568: 5559: 5558: 5522: 5513: 5512: 5502: 5492: 5460: 5449: 5448: 5420: 5414: 5413: 5403: 5371: 5365: 5364: 5333:Acta Paediatrica 5328: 5322: 5321: 5311: 5279: 5270: 5269: 5259: 5227: 5221: 5220: 5196: 5186: 5180: 5179: 5169: 5137: 5128: 5127: 5117: 5085: 5079: 5078: 5050: 5041: 5040: 5030: 5020: 4996: 4990: 4989: 4983: 4979: 4977: 4969: 4951: 4942: 4941: 4913: 4904: 4903: 4874: 4868: 4867: 4838: 4832: 4831: 4821: 4789: 4783: 4782: 4754: 4748: 4747: 4737: 4705: 4699: 4698: 4688: 4656: 4650: 4649: 4612: 4601: 4600: 4590: 4562: 4556: 4555: 4545: 4513: 4507: 4495: 4489: 4488: 4452: 4446: 4445: 4435: 4403: 4397: 4396: 4359: 4353: 4352: 4342: 4332: 4313:"Barth syndrome" 4308: 4293: 4292: 4256: 4250: 4249: 4212: 4206: 4205: 4195: 4171: 4165: 4164: 4128: 4122: 4121: 4103: 4071: 4065: 4064: 4036: 4030: 4029: 4027: 4026: 4012: 4003: 4002: 3974: 3968: 3967: 3957: 3927: 3915: 3902: 3901: 3891: 3867: 3861: 3860: 3850: 3840: 3816: 3810: 3809: 3773: 3762: 3761: 3743: 3719: 3713: 3712: 3702: 3678: 3672: 3671: 3661: 3651: 3619: 3613: 3612: 3602: 3570: 3564: 3563: 3553: 3543: 3519: 3513: 3512: 3502: 3478: 3465: 3464: 3454: 3422: 3416: 3415: 3387: 3381: 3380: 3370: 3360: 3336: 3330: 3329: 3319: 3309: 3285: 3279: 3278: 3268: 3244: 3238: 3237: 3227: 3195: 3186: 3185: 3175: 3143: 3137: 3136: 3126: 3094: 3088: 3087: 3061: 3055: 3054: 3044: 3034: 3010: 2999: 2998: 2988: 2956: 2947: 2946: 2936: 2904: 2898: 2897: 2887: 2855: 2849: 2848: 2812: 2801: 2800: 2798: 2797: 2788:. Archived from 2778: 2772: 2771: 2761: 2729: 2723: 2722: 2712: 2702: 2670: 2657: 2656: 2646: 2622: 2611: 2610: 2600: 2590: 2581:(31): 26245–53. 2566: 2553: 2547: 2546: 2542: 2531: 2514: 2513: 2503: 2493: 2469: 2460: 2459: 2449: 2440:(51): 39217–24. 2425: 2412: 2411: 2401: 2391: 2367: 2361: 2355: 2354: 2350: 2343: 2328: 2327: 2316: 2310: 2309: 2298: 2292: 2282: 2271: 2261: 2238: 2220: 2163: 2155: 1839:composition and 1805:oxidative damage 1617:is not added to 1363:serine proteases 1359:acyltransferases 1178:lysophospholipid 1104: 1084: 1083: 1055: 1048: 1031: 1003: 994: 966: 962:RefSeq (protein) 952: 924: 915: 883: 859: 840: 814: 795: 769: 750: 719: 509: 488: 473: 457:lobe of prostate 413: 411:Top expressed in 406: 351: 349:Top expressed in 344: 323: 306: 296: 283: 272: 257: 250: 244: 233: 221: 205: 195: 182: 171: 156: 149: 143: 132: 118: 102: 96: 47: 40: 19: 7272: 7271: 7267: 7266: 7265: 7263: 7262: 7261: 7222: 7221: 7207: 7198: 7180: 7115: 7111:Phospholipase C 7091: 7072: 6949: 6919: 6903:Acyltransferase 6882: 6864: 6834: 6829: 6788:Malate synthase 6733: 6684: 6496: 6482: 6435: 6430: 6395: 6352: 6316:Genome Research 6309: 6287:(43): 44394–9. 6274: 6260:10.1139/o04-055 6245: 6222:10.1.1.314.3366 6206: 6163: 6133:(12): 5143–55. 6120: 6077: 6055:(10): 2346–51. 6042: 5989: 5945: 5897: 5860: 5831: 5793: 5750: 5724: 5720: 5718:Further reading 5715: 5714: 5662: 5661: 5657: 5611: 5610: 5606: 5583:(19): 6586–97. 5570: 5569: 5562: 5533:(1–2): 175–85. 5524: 5523: 5516: 5462: 5461: 5452: 5422: 5421: 5417: 5373: 5372: 5368: 5330: 5329: 5325: 5281: 5280: 5273: 5229: 5228: 5224: 5217: 5188: 5187: 5183: 5139: 5138: 5131: 5087: 5086: 5082: 5052: 5051: 5044: 4998: 4997: 4993: 4980: 4970: 4953: 4952: 4945: 4915: 4914: 4907: 4876: 4875: 4871: 4840: 4839: 4835: 4791: 4790: 4786: 4756: 4755: 4751: 4726:10.1038/nm.3545 4714:Nature Medicine 4707: 4706: 4702: 4658: 4657: 4653: 4624:(11): 2726–32. 4614: 4613: 4604: 4564: 4563: 4559: 4515: 4514: 4510: 4496: 4492: 4454: 4453: 4449: 4405: 4404: 4400: 4361: 4360: 4356: 4310: 4309: 4296: 4258: 4257: 4253: 4224:(1–3): 327–55. 4214: 4213: 4209: 4173: 4172: 4168: 4130: 4129: 4125: 4080:Current Biology 4073: 4072: 4068: 4038: 4037: 4033: 4024: 4022: 4014: 4013: 4006: 3976: 3975: 3971: 3928: 3917: 3916: 3905: 3882:(10): 2022–31. 3869: 3868: 3864: 3818: 3817: 3813: 3775: 3774: 3765: 3721: 3720: 3716: 3680: 3679: 3675: 3634:(31): 8568–70. 3621: 3620: 3616: 3572: 3571: 3567: 3521: 3520: 3516: 3493:(10): 2003–14. 3480: 3479: 3468: 3424: 3423: 3419: 3389: 3388: 3384: 3351:(17): 11572–8. 3338: 3337: 3333: 3287: 3286: 3282: 3246: 3245: 3241: 3204:Eukaryotic Cell 3197: 3196: 3189: 3145: 3144: 3140: 3096: 3095: 3091: 3084: 3063: 3062: 3058: 3012: 3011: 3002: 2958: 2957: 2950: 2906: 2905: 2901: 2857: 2856: 2852: 2817:Nature Genetics 2814: 2813: 2804: 2795: 2793: 2780: 2779: 2775: 2731: 2730: 2726: 2685:(5): e0177171. 2672: 2671: 2660: 2624: 2623: 2614: 2568: 2567: 2556: 2544: 2533: 2532: 2517: 2471: 2470: 2463: 2427: 2426: 2415: 2382:(42): 29230–9. 2369: 2368: 2364: 2352: 2345: 2344: 2331: 2318: 2317: 2313: 2300: 2299: 2295: 2283: 2274: 2262: 2253: 2248: 2239: 2180: 2179: 2164: 2151: 2143:Giacomo Poretti 2127: 2078: 2016: 1984: 1976: 1957: 1940: 1890:Musculoskeletal 1887: 1830: 1754:lactic acidosis 1698:muscle weakness 1672:musculoskeletal 1591: 1546: 1490: 1481: 1434: 1418: 1321:stretch at the 1287: 1183:(it belongs to 1170:skeletal muscle 1093:View/Edit Mouse 1088:View/Edit Human 1051: 1044: 1041:Location (UCSC) 1027: 1023: 1019: 1015: 1011: 990: 986: 982: 978: 974: 948: 944: 940: 936: 932: 911: 905: 901: 897: 893: 889: 804:ENSG00000102125 697: 601: 545: 469: 460: 455: 451: 447: 443: 439: 435: 431: 427: 425:muscle of thigh 423: 409: 398: 393: 389: 385: 381: 377: 373: 369: 365: 361: 347: 291: 278: 270: 260: 259: 258: 251: 231: 208:Gene location ( 190: 177: 169: 159: 158: 157: 150: 128: 105:Gene location ( 56: 43: 36: 17: 12: 11: 5: 7270: 7268: 7260: 7259: 7254: 7249: 7244: 7239: 7234: 7224: 7223: 7204: 7203: 7200: 7199: 7197: 7196: 7191: 7185: 7182: 7181: 7179: 7178: 7177: 7176: 7171: 7166: 7161: 7156: 7151: 7146: 7141: 7136: 7131: 7120: 7117: 7116: 7114: 7113: 7107: 7101: 7097: 7096: 7093: 7092: 7090: 7089: 7077: 7074: 7073: 7071: 7070: 7069: 7068: 7063: 7058: 7053: 7048: 7043: 7038: 7033: 7028: 7023: 7018: 7013: 7008: 7003: 6998: 6993: 6988: 6983: 6978: 6973: 6968: 6954: 6951: 6950: 6948: 6947: 6942: 6941: 6940: 6935: 6928:Choline kinase 6924: 6921: 6920: 6918: 6917: 6916: 6915: 6905: 6899:diacylglycerol 6894: 6888: 6884: 6883: 6881: 6880: 6875: 6865: 6863: 6862: 6855: 6848: 6840: 6831: 6830: 6828: 6827: 6822: 6817: 6812: 6807: 6802: 6801: 6800: 6790: 6785: 6780: 6775: 6770: 6765: 6760: 6755: 6750: 6744: 6742: 6735: 6734: 6732: 6731: 6730: 6729: 6724: 6719: 6709: 6704: 6698: 6696: 6686: 6685: 6683: 6682: 6677: 6672: 6667: 6661: 6660: 6655: 6650: 6645: 6640: 6631: 6630: 6629: 6628: 6623: 6613: 6612: 6611: 6606: 6589: 6588: 6587: 6586: 6581: 6571: 6570: 6569: 6564: 6559: 6549: 6544: 6539: 6534: 6529: 6524: 6519: 6507: 6505: 6498: 6497: 6483: 6481: 6480: 6473: 6466: 6458: 6452: 6451: 6441: 6434: 6433:External links 6431: 6429: 6428: 6393: 6365:(3): 1219–29. 6350: 6307: 6272: 6243: 6204: 6161: 6118: 6075: 6040: 6002:(7): 2337–41. 5987: 5943: 5895: 5858: 5829: 5803:(11): 1481–4. 5791: 5748: 5721: 5719: 5716: 5713: 5712: 5655: 5624:(7): 1528–41. 5604: 5560: 5514: 5450: 5415: 5366: 5323: 5271: 5222: 5215: 5181: 5129: 5080: 5042: 4991: 4957:Barth Syndrome 4943: 4905: 4886:(5): H2122-9. 4869: 4833: 4784: 4749: 4700: 4651: 4602: 4557: 4528:(8): 2029–50. 4508: 4490: 4447: 4398: 4371:(5): 461–465. 4354: 4294: 4251: 4207: 4186:(6): 1182–95. 4166: 4123: 4066: 4031: 4004: 3969: 3903: 3862: 3831:(3): 1768–78. 3811: 3763: 3714: 3673: 3614: 3565: 3514: 3466: 3417: 3382: 3331: 3280: 3239: 3210:(12): 1600–8. 3187: 3138: 3089: 3082: 3056: 3000: 2948: 2899: 2850: 2802: 2782:"TAZ Tafazzin" 2773: 2744:(9): 1043–53. 2724: 2658: 2637:(1): 307–315. 2612: 2554: 2515: 2484:(2): 899–908. 2461: 2413: 2362: 2329: 2311: 2293: 2272: 2250: 2249: 2247: 2244: 2241: 2240: 2167: 2165: 2158: 2150: 2147: 2126: 2123: 2122: 2121: 2116: 2111: 2106: 2101: 2096: 2091: 2077: 2074: 2023:gastric cancer 2015: 2012: 1983: 1980: 1974: 1956: 1953: 1939: 1936: 1912:Barth syndrome 1908:cardiovascular 1886: 1883: 1862:Barth syndrome 1833:Cardiomyopathy 1829: 1826: 1793:Barth syndrome 1765:cardiomyopathy 1758:hyperammonemia 1738: 1737: 1726: 1721: 1716: 1711: 1706: 1700: 1695: 1692:cardiomyopathy 1668:cardiovascular 1656:and recurrent 1594:Barth syndrome 1590: 1589:Barth syndrome 1587: 1575:gastric cancer 1545: 1542: 1489: 1486: 1480: 1477: 1433: 1430: 1417: 1414: 1408:(TOM) and the 1348:phospholipases 1286: 1283: 1252:gastric cancer 1220:Barth syndrome 1212:membrane-bound 1146: 1145: 1140: 1134: 1133: 1128: 1122: 1121: 1118: 1114: 1113: 1109: 1108: 1100: 1099: 1096: 1095: 1090: 1080: 1079: 1073: 1072: 1069: 1068: 1066: 1064: 1057: 1056: 1049: 1042: 1038: 1037: 1034: 1033: 1007: 1006: 1000: 997: 996: 970: 969: 963: 959: 958: 955: 954: 928: 927: 921: 918: 917: 907: 906: 880: 876: 875: 872: 871: 863: 862: 856: 853: 852: 844: 843: 837: 831: 830: 827: 826: 818: 817: 811: 808: 807: 799: 798: 792: 786: 785: 782: 781: 773: 772: 766: 763: 762: 754: 753: 747: 741: 740: 735: 730: 726: 725: 715: 714: 711: 710: 699: 698: 696: 695: 690: 685: 680: 675: 670: 665: 660: 655: 650: 645: 640: 635: 630: 625: 620: 615: 609: 607: 603: 602: 600: 599: 594: 589: 584: 579: 574: 569: 564: 559: 553: 551: 547: 546: 544: 543: 538: 533: 528: 522: 520: 516: 515: 505: 504: 501: 500: 497: 496: 493: 492: 485: 479: 478: 475: 474: 466: 465: 462: 461: 459: 458: 454: 450: 446: 442: 438: 434: 430: 426: 422: 418: 415: 414: 403: 400: 399: 397: 396: 392: 388: 384: 380: 376: 372: 368: 364: 360: 356: 353: 352: 340: 339: 331: 320: 314: 313: 310:RNA expression 302: 301: 298: 297: 289: 285: 284: 276: 273: 268: 262: 261: 252: 245: 239: 235: 234: 229: 223: 222: 214: 213: 201: 200: 197: 196: 188: 184: 183: 175: 172: 167: 161: 160: 151: 144: 138: 134: 133: 126: 120: 119: 111: 110: 98: 97: 54: 50: 49: 41: 33: 32: 28: 27: 24: 23: 15: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 7269: 7258: 7255: 7253: 7252:Rare diseases 7250: 7248: 7245: 7243: 7240: 7238: 7235: 7233: 7230: 7229: 7227: 7220: 7219: 7217: 7216:public domain 7213: 7195: 7192: 7190: 7187: 7186: 7183: 7175: 7172: 7170: 7167: 7165: 7162: 7160: 7157: 7155: 7152: 7150: 7147: 7145: 7142: 7140: 7137: 7135: 7132: 7130: 7127: 7126: 7125: 7122: 7121: 7118: 7112: 7109: 7108: 7105: 7102: 7098: 7088: 7084: 7083: 7079: 7078: 7075: 7067: 7064: 7062: 7059: 7057: 7054: 7052: 7049: 7047: 7044: 7042: 7039: 7037: 7034: 7032: 7029: 7027: 7024: 7022: 7019: 7017: 7014: 7012: 7009: 7007: 7004: 7002: 6999: 6997: 6994: 6992: 6989: 6987: 6984: 6982: 6979: 6977: 6974: 6972: 6969: 6967: 6964: 6963: 6962: 6961:biosynthesis: 6960: 6956: 6955: 6952: 6946: 6943: 6939: 6936: 6934: 6931: 6930: 6929: 6926: 6925: 6922: 6914: 6911: 6910: 6909: 6906: 6904: 6900: 6896: 6895: 6892: 6889: 6885: 6879: 6878:phospholipids 6876: 6874: 6870: 6867: 6866: 6861: 6856: 6854: 6849: 6847: 6842: 6841: 6838: 6826: 6823: 6821: 6818: 6816: 6813: 6811: 6808: 6806: 6803: 6799: 6796: 6795: 6794: 6791: 6789: 6786: 6784: 6781: 6779: 6776: 6774: 6771: 6769: 6766: 6764: 6761: 6759: 6756: 6754: 6751: 6749: 6746: 6745: 6743: 6740: 6736: 6728: 6725: 6723: 6720: 6718: 6715: 6714: 6713: 6710: 6708: 6705: 6703: 6700: 6699: 6697: 6695: 6691: 6687: 6681: 6678: 6676: 6673: 6671: 6668: 6666: 6663: 6662: 6659: 6656: 6654: 6651: 6649: 6646: 6644: 6641: 6639: 6636: 6633: 6632: 6627: 6624: 6622: 6619: 6618: 6617: 6614: 6610: 6607: 6605: 6602: 6601: 6600: 6597: 6595: 6591: 6590: 6585: 6582: 6580: 6577: 6576: 6575: 6572: 6568: 6565: 6563: 6560: 6558: 6555: 6554: 6553: 6550: 6548: 6545: 6543: 6540: 6538: 6535: 6533: 6530: 6528: 6525: 6523: 6520: 6518: 6515: 6513: 6509: 6508: 6506: 6503: 6499: 6494: 6490: 6486: 6479: 6474: 6472: 6467: 6465: 6460: 6459: 6456: 6449: 6445: 6442: 6440: 6437: 6436: 6432: 6425: 6421: 6416: 6411: 6407: 6403: 6399: 6394: 6390: 6386: 6381: 6376: 6372: 6368: 6364: 6360: 6356: 6351: 6347: 6343: 6338: 6333: 6329: 6325: 6321: 6317: 6313: 6308: 6304: 6300: 6295: 6290: 6286: 6282: 6278: 6273: 6269: 6265: 6261: 6257: 6254:(5): 569–76. 6253: 6249: 6244: 6240: 6236: 6232: 6228: 6223: 6218: 6214: 6210: 6205: 6201: 6197: 6192: 6187: 6183: 6179: 6175: 6171: 6167: 6162: 6158: 6154: 6149: 6144: 6140: 6136: 6132: 6128: 6124: 6119: 6115: 6111: 6106: 6101: 6097: 6093: 6089: 6085: 6081: 6076: 6072: 6068: 6063: 6058: 6054: 6050: 6046: 6041: 6037: 6033: 6028: 6023: 6018: 6013: 6009: 6005: 6001: 5997: 5993: 5988: 5984: 5980: 5975: 5970: 5966: 5962: 5959:(5): 268–78. 5958: 5954: 5950: 5944: 5940: 5936: 5932: 5928: 5923: 5918: 5914: 5910: 5907:(6): 957–68. 5906: 5902: 5896: 5892: 5888: 5884: 5880: 5876: 5872: 5869:(4): 409–14. 5868: 5864: 5859: 5855: 5851: 5847: 5843: 5839: 5835: 5830: 5826: 5822: 5818: 5814: 5810: 5806: 5802: 5798: 5792: 5788: 5784: 5779: 5774: 5770: 5766: 5763:(7): 865–71. 5762: 5758: 5754: 5749: 5744: 5739: 5735: 5731: 5727: 5723: 5722: 5717: 5708: 5704: 5699: 5694: 5690: 5686: 5682: 5678: 5674: 5670: 5666: 5659: 5656: 5651: 5647: 5642: 5637: 5632: 5627: 5623: 5619: 5615: 5608: 5605: 5600: 5596: 5591: 5586: 5582: 5578: 5574: 5567: 5565: 5561: 5556: 5552: 5548: 5544: 5540: 5536: 5532: 5528: 5521: 5519: 5515: 5510: 5506: 5501: 5496: 5491: 5486: 5482: 5478: 5475:(5): e98317. 5474: 5470: 5466: 5459: 5457: 5455: 5451: 5446: 5442: 5438: 5434: 5431:(4): 220–31. 5430: 5426: 5419: 5416: 5411: 5407: 5402: 5397: 5393: 5389: 5385: 5381: 5377: 5370: 5367: 5362: 5358: 5354: 5350: 5346: 5342: 5339:(3): 419–21. 5338: 5334: 5327: 5324: 5319: 5315: 5310: 5305: 5301: 5297: 5293: 5289: 5285: 5278: 5276: 5272: 5267: 5263: 5258: 5253: 5249: 5245: 5241: 5237: 5233: 5226: 5223: 5218: 5216:9780387303451 5212: 5208: 5204: 5200: 5195: 5194: 5185: 5182: 5177: 5173: 5168: 5163: 5159: 5155: 5151: 5147: 5143: 5136: 5134: 5130: 5125: 5121: 5116: 5111: 5107: 5103: 5099: 5095: 5091: 5084: 5081: 5076: 5072: 5068: 5064: 5060: 5056: 5049: 5047: 5043: 5038: 5034: 5029: 5024: 5019: 5014: 5010: 5006: 5002: 4995: 4992: 4987: 4975: 4967: 4963: 4959: 4958: 4950: 4948: 4944: 4939: 4935: 4931: 4927: 4924:(3): 327–34. 4923: 4919: 4912: 4910: 4906: 4901: 4897: 4893: 4889: 4885: 4881: 4873: 4870: 4865: 4861: 4857: 4853: 4850:(3): 257–65. 4849: 4845: 4837: 4834: 4829: 4825: 4820: 4815: 4811: 4807: 4803: 4799: 4795: 4788: 4785: 4780: 4776: 4772: 4768: 4764: 4760: 4753: 4750: 4745: 4741: 4736: 4731: 4727: 4723: 4720:(6): 616–23. 4719: 4715: 4711: 4704: 4701: 4696: 4692: 4687: 4682: 4678: 4674: 4671:(2): 99–108. 4670: 4666: 4662: 4655: 4652: 4647: 4643: 4639: 4635: 4631: 4627: 4623: 4619: 4611: 4609: 4607: 4603: 4598: 4594: 4589: 4584: 4580: 4576: 4573:(4): 513–28. 4572: 4568: 4561: 4558: 4553: 4549: 4544: 4539: 4535: 4531: 4527: 4523: 4519: 4512: 4509: 4506: 4502: 4501: 4494: 4491: 4486: 4482: 4478: 4474: 4470: 4466: 4462: 4458: 4451: 4448: 4443: 4439: 4434: 4429: 4425: 4421: 4417: 4413: 4409: 4402: 4399: 4394: 4390: 4386: 4382: 4378: 4374: 4370: 4366: 4358: 4355: 4350: 4346: 4341: 4336: 4331: 4326: 4322: 4318: 4314: 4307: 4305: 4303: 4301: 4299: 4295: 4290: 4286: 4282: 4278: 4274: 4270: 4266: 4262: 4255: 4252: 4247: 4243: 4239: 4235: 4231: 4227: 4223: 4219: 4211: 4208: 4203: 4199: 4194: 4189: 4185: 4181: 4177: 4170: 4167: 4162: 4158: 4154: 4150: 4146: 4142: 4139:(4): 555–67. 4138: 4134: 4127: 4124: 4119: 4115: 4111: 4107: 4102: 4097: 4093: 4089: 4086:(8): R465-6. 4085: 4081: 4077: 4070: 4067: 4062: 4058: 4054: 4050: 4047:(1): 115–20. 4046: 4042: 4035: 4032: 4021: 4017: 4011: 4009: 4005: 4000: 3996: 3992: 3988: 3984: 3980: 3973: 3970: 3965: 3961: 3956: 3951: 3947: 3943: 3939: 3935: 3931: 3925: 3921: 3914: 3912: 3910: 3908: 3904: 3899: 3895: 3890: 3885: 3881: 3877: 3873: 3866: 3863: 3858: 3854: 3849: 3844: 3839: 3834: 3830: 3826: 3822: 3815: 3812: 3807: 3803: 3799: 3795: 3791: 3787: 3784:(4): 349–54. 3783: 3779: 3772: 3770: 3768: 3764: 3759: 3755: 3751: 3747: 3742: 3737: 3734:(1–3): 35–9. 3733: 3729: 3725: 3718: 3715: 3710: 3706: 3701: 3696: 3693:(3): 1940–4. 3692: 3688: 3684: 3677: 3674: 3669: 3665: 3660: 3655: 3650: 3645: 3641: 3637: 3633: 3629: 3625: 3618: 3615: 3610: 3606: 3601: 3596: 3592: 3588: 3585:(10): 862–9. 3584: 3580: 3576: 3569: 3566: 3561: 3557: 3552: 3547: 3542: 3537: 3533: 3529: 3525: 3518: 3515: 3510: 3506: 3501: 3496: 3492: 3488: 3484: 3477: 3475: 3473: 3471: 3467: 3462: 3458: 3453: 3448: 3444: 3440: 3437:(2): 113–23. 3436: 3432: 3428: 3421: 3418: 3413: 3409: 3405: 3401: 3397: 3393: 3386: 3383: 3378: 3374: 3369: 3364: 3359: 3354: 3350: 3346: 3342: 3335: 3332: 3327: 3323: 3318: 3313: 3308: 3303: 3300:(4): 856–65. 3299: 3295: 3291: 3284: 3281: 3276: 3272: 3267: 3262: 3258: 3254: 3250: 3243: 3240: 3235: 3231: 3226: 3221: 3217: 3213: 3209: 3205: 3201: 3194: 3192: 3188: 3183: 3179: 3174: 3169: 3165: 3161: 3157: 3153: 3149: 3142: 3139: 3134: 3130: 3125: 3120: 3116: 3112: 3109:(3): 483–92. 3108: 3104: 3100: 3093: 3090: 3085: 3083:9789811305313 3079: 3075: 3071: 3067: 3060: 3057: 3052: 3048: 3043: 3038: 3033: 3028: 3024: 3020: 3016: 3009: 3007: 3005: 3001: 2996: 2992: 2987: 2982: 2978: 2974: 2971:(10): 811–2. 2970: 2966: 2962: 2955: 2953: 2949: 2944: 2940: 2935: 2930: 2926: 2922: 2918: 2914: 2910: 2903: 2900: 2895: 2891: 2886: 2881: 2877: 2873: 2869: 2865: 2864:Mitochondrion 2861: 2854: 2851: 2846: 2842: 2838: 2834: 2830: 2826: 2822: 2818: 2811: 2809: 2807: 2803: 2792:on 2018-08-25 2791: 2787: 2783: 2777: 2774: 2769: 2765: 2760: 2755: 2751: 2747: 2743: 2739: 2735: 2728: 2725: 2720: 2716: 2711: 2706: 2701: 2696: 2692: 2688: 2684: 2680: 2676: 2669: 2667: 2665: 2663: 2659: 2654: 2650: 2645: 2640: 2636: 2632: 2628: 2621: 2619: 2617: 2613: 2608: 2604: 2599: 2594: 2589: 2584: 2580: 2576: 2572: 2565: 2563: 2561: 2559: 2555: 2551: 2550:public domain 2540: 2536: 2530: 2528: 2526: 2524: 2522: 2520: 2516: 2511: 2507: 2502: 2497: 2492: 2487: 2483: 2479: 2475: 2468: 2466: 2462: 2457: 2453: 2448: 2443: 2439: 2435: 2431: 2424: 2422: 2420: 2418: 2414: 2409: 2405: 2400: 2395: 2390: 2385: 2381: 2377: 2373: 2366: 2363: 2359: 2358:public domain 2348: 2342: 2340: 2338: 2336: 2334: 2330: 2325: 2321: 2315: 2312: 2307: 2303: 2297: 2294: 2290: 2286: 2281: 2279: 2277: 2273: 2269: 2265: 2260: 2258: 2256: 2252: 2245: 2236: 2232: 2228: 2224: 2219: 2214: 2210: 2206: 2202: 2198: 2194: 2190: 2189: 2184: 2177: 2176: 2171: 2166: 2162: 2157: 2156: 2153: 2148: 2146: 2144: 2140: 2136: 2132: 2124: 2120: 2117: 2115: 2112: 2110: 2107: 2105: 2102: 2100: 2097: 2095: 2092: 2090: 2087: 2086: 2085: 2083: 2075: 2073: 2071: 2066: 2061: 2057: 2053: 2049: 2044: 2040: 2036: 2032: 2028: 2024: 2020: 2013: 2011: 2009: 2005: 2001: 1997: 1993: 1989: 1981: 1979: 1977: 1970: 1966: 1962: 1954: 1952: 1950: 1946: 1937: 1935: 1932: 1928: 1923: 1921: 1917: 1913: 1909: 1905: 1902: 1898: 1894: 1891: 1884: 1882: 1880: 1875: 1871: 1867: 1863: 1857: 1855: 1851: 1846: 1842: 1838: 1834: 1827: 1825: 1822: 1821:bioenergetics 1818: 1814: 1810: 1806: 1802: 1796: 1794: 1790: 1786: 1782: 1778: 1774: 1770: 1766: 1761: 1759: 1755: 1751: 1747: 1743: 1735: 1731: 1727: 1725: 1722: 1720: 1717: 1715: 1712: 1710: 1709:short stature 1707: 1705: 1701: 1699: 1696: 1693: 1689: 1688: 1687: 1685: 1681: 1677: 1673: 1669: 1665: 1661: 1659: 1655: 1654:immune system 1651: 1646: 1644: 1640: 1636: 1632: 1628: 1624: 1620: 1616: 1615:linoleic acid 1612: 1608: 1603: 1599: 1595: 1588: 1586: 1584: 1583:rectal cancer 1580: 1576: 1572: 1568: 1564: 1560: 1559:breast cancer 1556: 1551: 1543: 1541: 1539: 1535: 1531: 1527: 1522: 1518: 1514: 1513:linoleic acid 1510: 1506: 1502: 1498: 1495:is a complex 1494: 1487: 1485: 1478: 1476: 1474: 1469: 1465: 1461: 1460:linoleic acid 1456: 1452: 1451:linoleic acid 1448: 1444: 1440: 1431: 1429: 1427: 1423: 1415: 1413: 1411: 1407: 1403: 1399: 1395: 1391: 1387: 1383: 1379: 1374: 1372: 1368: 1364: 1360: 1356: 1353: 1349: 1345: 1341: 1335: 1332: 1328: 1324: 1320: 1316: 1312: 1308: 1304: 1300: 1296: 1292: 1284: 1282: 1280: 1276: 1275:Hippo pathway 1272: 1268: 1263: 1261: 1260:rectal cancer 1257: 1253: 1249: 1245: 1241: 1237: 1236:breast cancer 1233: 1229: 1225: 1221: 1217: 1213: 1209: 1206: 1202: 1198: 1194: 1190: 1186: 1182: 1179: 1175: 1171: 1167: 1163: 1160: 1156: 1152: 1144: 1141: 1139: 1135: 1132: 1129: 1127: 1123: 1119: 1115: 1110: 1105: 1094: 1089: 1085: 1081: 1078: 1074: 1067: 1065: 1062: 1058: 1054: 1050: 1047: 1043: 1039: 1032: 1030: 1026: 1022: 1018: 1014: 1008: 1004: 1001: 995: 993: 989: 985: 981: 977: 971: 967: 964: 960: 953: 951: 947: 943: 939: 935: 929: 925: 922: 916: 914: 908: 904: 900: 896: 892: 888: 884: 881: 879:RefSeq (mRNA) 877: 870: 869: 864: 860: 857: 851: 850: 845: 841: 838: 836: 832: 825: 824: 819: 815: 812: 806: 805: 800: 796: 793: 791: 787: 780: 779: 774: 770: 767: 761: 760: 755: 751: 748: 746: 742: 739: 736: 734: 731: 727: 724: 720: 716: 709: 705: 700: 694: 691: 689: 686: 684: 681: 679: 676: 674: 671: 669: 666: 664: 661: 659: 656: 654: 651: 649: 646: 644: 641: 639: 636: 634: 631: 629: 626: 624: 621: 619: 616: 614: 611: 610: 608: 605: 604: 598: 595: 593: 590: 588: 585: 583: 582:mitochondrion 580: 578: 575: 573: 570: 568: 565: 563: 560: 558: 555: 554: 552: 549: 548: 542: 539: 537: 534: 532: 529: 527: 524: 523: 521: 518: 517: 514: 513:Gene ontology 510: 506: 494: 489: 486: 484: 480: 472: 467: 456: 452: 449:parotid gland 448: 444: 440: 436: 432: 428: 424: 420: 419: 416: 412: 407: 404: 394: 390: 386: 382: 378: 374: 371:right auricle 370: 366: 362: 359:apex of heart 358: 357: 354: 350: 345: 342: 341: 338: 336: 332: 330: 329: 325: 324: 321: 319: 315: 311: 307: 303: 295: 290: 286: 282: 277: 267: 263: 256: 249: 243: 236: 228: 224: 220: 215: 211: 206: 202: 194: 189: 185: 181: 176: 166: 162: 155: 148: 142: 135: 131: 125: 121: 117: 112: 108: 103: 99: 95: 91: 87: 83: 79: 75: 71: 67: 63: 59: 51: 46: 39: 34: 29: 25: 20: 7209: 7208: 7086: 7080: 6957: 6634: 6592: 6510: 6485:Transferases 6405: 6401: 6362: 6358: 6319: 6315: 6284: 6280: 6251: 6247: 6215:(3): 462–9. 6212: 6208: 6173: 6169: 6130: 6126: 6087: 6083: 6052: 6048: 5999: 5995: 5956: 5952: 5904: 5900: 5866: 5862: 5840:(3): 262–4. 5837: 5833: 5800: 5796: 5760: 5756: 5733: 5729: 5672: 5668: 5658: 5621: 5617: 5607: 5580: 5576: 5530: 5526: 5472: 5468: 5428: 5424: 5418: 5383: 5379: 5369: 5336: 5332: 5326: 5294:(1): 13–22. 5291: 5287: 5242:(6): 471–7. 5239: 5235: 5225: 5192: 5184: 5149: 5145: 5100:(1): 22–30. 5097: 5093: 5083: 5061:(2): 143–7. 5058: 5054: 5008: 5004: 4994: 4956: 4921: 4917: 4883: 4879: 4872: 4847: 4843: 4836: 4804:(3): 170–5. 4801: 4797: 4787: 4762: 4758: 4752: 4717: 4713: 4703: 4668: 4664: 4654: 4621: 4617: 4570: 4566: 4560: 4525: 4521: 4511: 4498: 4493: 4463:(8): 941–4. 4460: 4456: 4450: 4418:(5): 784–7. 4415: 4411: 4401: 4368: 4364: 4357: 4320: 4316: 4267:(3): 330–8. 4264: 4260: 4254: 4221: 4217: 4210: 4183: 4179: 4169: 4136: 4132: 4126: 4083: 4079: 4069: 4044: 4040: 4034: 4023:. Retrieved 4019: 3985:(3): 311–5. 3982: 3978: 3972: 3937: 3933: 3879: 3875: 3865: 3828: 3824: 3814: 3781: 3777: 3731: 3728:FEBS Letters 3727: 3717: 3690: 3686: 3676: 3631: 3627: 3617: 3582: 3578: 3568: 3531: 3527: 3517: 3490: 3486: 3434: 3430: 3420: 3398:(3): 582–8. 3395: 3391: 3385: 3348: 3344: 3334: 3297: 3293: 3283: 3256: 3252: 3242: 3207: 3203: 3155: 3151: 3141: 3106: 3102: 3092: 3065: 3059: 3022: 3018: 2968: 2964: 2916: 2912: 2902: 2867: 2863: 2853: 2823:(4): 385–9. 2820: 2816: 2794:. Retrieved 2790:the original 2785: 2776: 2741: 2737: 2727: 2682: 2678: 2634: 2630: 2578: 2574: 2538: 2481: 2477: 2437: 2433: 2379: 2375: 2365: 2323: 2314: 2305: 2296: 2192: 2186: 2174: 2173: 2152: 2134: 2128: 2079: 2076:Interactions 2069: 2064: 2055: 2051: 2047: 2042: 2038: 2034: 2018: 2017: 1985: 1958: 1941: 1924: 1910:symptoms of 1888: 1873: 1858: 1831: 1824:successful. 1801:Elamipretide 1797: 1789:cardiomegaly 1781:cardiomegaly 1762: 1750:hypoglycemia 1739: 1676:neurological 1662: 1647: 1610: 1601: 1597: 1592: 1554: 1549: 1547: 1530:ATP synthase 1491: 1482: 1442: 1435: 1426:mitochondria 1421: 1419: 1377: 1375: 1370: 1336: 1306: 1299:chromosome X 1290: 1288: 1266: 1264: 1215: 1196: 1181:transacylase 1174:phospholipid 1158: 1150: 1149: 1025:NP_001277667 1021:NP_001229545 1017:NP_001229544 1013:NP_001167018 1010: 980:NP_001290394 973: 946:NM_001290738 942:NM_001242616 938:NM_001242615 934:NM_001173547 931: 910: 891:NM_001303465 866: 847: 821: 802: 776: 757: 737: 732: 453:right kidney 391:tibial nerve 333: 326: 191:154,421,726 178:154,411,524 53:External IDs 7082:cardiolipin 6727:Factor XIII 6090:(1): 40–8. 5386:(1): 6–15. 4982:|work= 4765:: 196–198. 4588:10316/25581 4500:NCT02976038 2008:lymphocytes 2004:eosinophils 1996:neutrophils 1992:neutropenia 1988:hematologic 1870:blood clots 1817:fatty acids 1777:neutropenia 1769:ventricular 1724:neutropenia 1684:hematologic 1635:cardiolipin 1627:cardiolipin 1623:cardiolipin 1619:cardiolipin 1607:cardiolipin 1501:acyl groups 1493:Cardiolipin 1473:cardiolipin 1468:cardiolipin 1462:group from 1447:cardiolipin 1402:hydrophobic 1386:active site 1331:hydrophilic 1327:amino acids 1319:hydrophobic 1311:amino acids 1205:cytoplasmic 1201:hydrophobic 1189:cardiolipin 1112:Identifiers 683:hemopoiesis 429:granulocyte 363:granulocyte 292:73,333,757 279:73,325,518 31:Identifiers 7226:Categories 7100:Catabolism 6869:Metabolism 4025:2019-08-04 2919:: 92–106. 2796:2018-08-24 2291:, May 2017 2270:, May 2017 2246:References 2195:: 144148. 1986:The major 1973:coenzyme Q 1969:riboflavin 1879:arrythmias 1850:phenotypes 1845:sarcomeric 1837:acyl chain 1704:infections 1702:recurrent 1664:Phenotypes 1658:infections 1509:oleic acid 1344:remodeling 1323:N terminus 1315:N terminus 1303:base pairs 1138:Membranome 653:metabolism 337:(ortholog) 74:HomoloGene 6887:Anabolism 6217:CiteSeerX 5689:0022-2836 4984:ignored ( 4974:cite book 4323:(1): 23. 3158:: 83–92. 2913:Meta Gene 2870:: 27–32. 2235:Q81446954 2209:0378-1119 2027:cisplatin 2000:monocytes 1931:carnitine 1916:hypotonia 1897:phenotype 1893:pathology 1680:metabolic 1538:apoptosis 1455:catalyzes 1352:histidine 1285:Structure 1131:IPR000872 1029:NP_852657 992:NP_851830 988:NP_851829 984:NP_851828 976:NP_000107 950:NM_181516 913:NM_181314 903:NM_181313 899:NM_181312 895:NM_181311 887:NM_000116 723:Orthologs 557:cytoplasm 82:GeneCards 7247:Proteins 7087:Tafazzin 6579:P300/CBP 6424:12930833 6389:16020776 6359:Genetics 6346:15489336 6303:15304507 6268:15499385 6239:16857210 6200:16381901 6157:18799610 6114:17043667 6071:16873891 6036:19164547 5983:20474083 5931:16169070 5883:15793838 5854:19261493 5825:23956305 5817:21932011 5787:21091282 5707:32234310 5650:23260140 5599:15475448 5555:10664158 5547:26314254 5509:24858921 5469:PLOS ONE 5445:18632498 5410:30451719 5361:33167027 5353:15124852 5318:20882351 5266:25248416 5176:30055293 5124:17353728 5075:24751896 5037:23656970 4966:25299040 4900:21873497 4828:24282766 4779:28108107 4744:24813252 4695:28070695 4646:29937658 4638:23045169 4597:23827885 4552:24117165 4485:23471712 4477:17846786 4442:23678274 4385:26853223 4349:23398819 4281:23432031 4246:22790290 4202:15805542 4161:11545874 4153:10407787 4061:22410210 3999:10484795 3964:27899622 3898:19450542 3857:24285538 3806:25566280 3798:15098233 3758:39841617 3750:12297275 3668:27439859 3609:22941046 3560:28202545 3509:19619503 3461:25432572 3412:23200781 3377:19244244 3326:19965604 3275:24835017 3234:24078306 3182:29129703 3133:23100323 3051:27268057 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