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onion. Boiled chicken liver, fish gut, and smoked fish called cheo could well be added to the meal. Ruminate meat should be accompanied by sauce taken from the internal organs (nam pia). Raw fish should be either cooked into salad or meat-in-sauce, or simply salted or sauced. Cooked food processing ranges from roasting, steaming and drying to condensing frying, and boiling. The Tai enjoy food with more hot, salty, acrid and buttery tastes, in contrast to those that have sweet, rich and strong tastes. They smoke with bamboo pipes, lighted by dried bamboo pieces. Before smoking, the Tai maintain their custom of hospitality by inviting others to join in, much as they would do before a meal.
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419:, the capital of Laos. They worked as domestics, government officials, and soldiers. As communism descended on South Vietnam and Laos, the Tai Dam feared reprisals for their anticommunist past. They evacuated to Thailand and campaigned for sanctuary. Arthur Crisfield, an American language instructor, wrote letters to foreign governments on the group's behalf. In the summer of 1975, Governor
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festival occasions, Tai women can wear an extra black dress, with an underarm seam or like a pullover which has an open collar, thus revealing the silver buttons inside. The black dresses are nipped at the waist, include large shoulders and decorative pieces of cloth that are attached to the underarms or to the front of the shoulders in a manner similar to the White Tai.
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Women give birth in the seated position. The placenta is put into a bamboo cylinder and hung on a branch in the forest. The mother is warmed by fire, fed rice using a bamboo tube, and must abstain from certain foods for a month. The bamboo tubes are hung on a tree branch. There are rituals to educate
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The Tai live in stilt houses with roofs of different designs: those houses with a round convex roof like a turtle shell with two ends called khau cut; those with a four paneled roof and a rectangle floor and corridors; those houses with a long and high roof and with rooms at either ends being used as
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Although their culture is male-dominated, women play an important part in Tai Dam society. Women have the responsibility of maintaining altars to deceased parents. The ethnic group's name originates from the traditional black skirts and headdresses worn by Tai Dam women. The black silk is embroidered
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Early in their history, the Thai adopted wet rice cultivation, using suitable irrigation networks. The work can be summarized in the Thai saying "muong - phai - lai - lin" (which means digging of canals, consolidating of banks, guiding water through obstacles, and fixing water gutters) in the fields.
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Tai women wear short and colorful blouses, accented down the front with lines of silver buttons in the shapes of butterflies, spiders and cicadas. Their blouses fit beautifully with their tube-shaped black skirts. The belt is a green colored silk band. They wear a key chain round their waists. On
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Today, ordinary rice has become the main food of the Tai, while sticky rice is still being eaten traditionally. Sticky rice is steeped in water, put in a steaming pot and put on a fire and cooked. A meal cannot go without ground chili mixed with salt and accompanied by mint, coriander leaves and
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shawl with colorful embroidery. Tai men wear shorts with a belt; a shirt with an open collar and two pockets on either side. White Tai men have an additional upper pocket on the left and their collar is fastened with a cloth band. The popular color of all clothes is black, pale red, striped or
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The Tai Dam religion consists of spirit worship, and the spirits of ancestors are especially important to them They wear white at funerals as a symbol of grief. After the funeral but before the cremation, coins are thrown into the crowd. The dead are cremated with gold and silver jewelry. This
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Carrying is the main way to transport things, while using a gui or back carrier is also popular. Baskets may be carried with the aid of tump lines tied around the carrier's forehead; at times, pack horses are used. Along large rivers, the Tai are famous for transporting goods and people using
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There are two steps in a funeral: Pong: The bringing of offerings to the deceased and bringing the deceased to the forest for a burial (White Tai) or cremation (Black Tai). Xong: Calling the spirit to come back and live in the section of the house reserved for the worshipping of ancestors...
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The original social structure is called ban muong, also known as the phia tao regime. The Tai lineage is called Dam. Each person has three key lineal relationships: Ai Nong (everybody born from a common fourth-generation ancestor); Lung Ta (every male member of the wife's family throughout
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The Black Tai worship their ancestors on the 7th and 8th month of the Lunar Year. The White Tai also celebrate the new year according to the lunar calendar. Villagers also worship the gods of land, mountain, water and the soul of the central post of the village.
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While the Thai once grew only one sticky rice crop a year, nowadays they have converted to two crops of ordinary rice. They also cultivate swidden fields, where they grow rice, corn, and subsidiary crops, especially cotton, indigo and mulberry for cloth weaving.
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Family members are expected to cry and women are asked to scream loudly. To symbolize their grief, they cannot take a full shower or bath until after the funeral. They also cannot attend or throw parties, such as weddings and graduations, for up to one year.
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When the family finds a burial place, they sift through the ashes with water and pick out the melted jewelry for keepsakes before burying the ashes. Often food that includes a pig and fruit are set before the headstone as respect for the dead.
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Showing the host his new house, the Lung Ta kindles a new fire. In celebrating a new house, people carry out spiritual rites on the spot, reading spiritual texts to drive away bad lucks and to bring good lucks, and to worship ancestors.
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Up marriage (dong khun) - means the introduction and bringing of the son-in-law to live with the girl's family, which is done to test his personality and hard work. Tai women generally adopt the custom of wearing their hair in a bun or
338:. The group of the Thái people is the third largest of the 54 ethnic groups recognized by the Vietnamese government. The Tai Dam's language is similar to Lao, but Tai Dam use their own unique writing system and traditionally rejected
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white-colored. At festivals, people wear long black dresses, with split underarm seams and an internal white blouse. A head turban is worn as a headdress, and in ceremonies, the turban should be the length of an arm.
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the child in gender-specific work and a Lung Ta (title meaning "Great Uncle" who is a respected elder of the community, i.e. Great Uncle Bob, Lung Ta Bob) is invited to the house to name the baby.
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In the past, the Tai respected the selling and buying of marriage and the son-in-law's staying with the girl's family. To marry a husband, the girl's family needs to take two basic steps:
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The Tai calendar follows the ancient horoscope or cosmology (which contains 12 key animals) like the lunar calendar. But the Black Tai calendar has a time difference of six months.
314:. Tai Dam means "Black Tai". This name comes from the black clothing worn by the group, especially females. In Vietnam they are called Thái Đen and are included in the group of the
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Pregnant women are not allowed at funerals for fear of spirits surrounding the situation, which Tai Dam believe can infiltrate the woman's womb and be born through the fetus.
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During the
Indochina War, most Tai Dam allied with the communists. However, some Tai Dam allied with the French and fought against communism. After the fall of
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with flowers and beautiful patterns. The belt is typically bright green. Tai Dam women still wear the traditional clothing, especially at ceremonies.
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458:. Their language is taught orally. The Tai have many ancient written works on their history, traditions, customary laws, and literature.
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The Tai Dam perform their xoe dance and play many kinds of flutes. They sing out verses and vivid alternate songs.
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to bring a large ethnic population to one state. Today, more Tai Dam live in Iowa than anywhere outside of Asia.
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practice originates from the belief the person's dead spirit may need to produce payment into the spirit realm.
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immediately after this first wedding ceremony. The son-in-law will stay at his wife's home for 8 to 12 years.
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Down marriage (dong long) - the bringing of the couple and their family to the paternal family.
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halls; and those with a low roof and narrow interior, which is close to the Muong house style.
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originated from southern China where their ancestors have lived since ancient times.
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generations); and Ying Sao (every male member of the sons-in-law).
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The Good
Governor: Robert Ray and the Indochinese Refugees of Iowa
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Bankston, Carl L. "The Tai Dam: Refugees from
Vietnam and Laos"
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49:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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423:agreed to resettle the Tai Dam in the state of
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427:. He needed an exemption from U.S. President
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472:Jinping Miao, Yao, and Dai Autonomous County
274:) are an ethnic minority predominantly from
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109:Learn how and when to remove this message
755:Ethnic and linguistic groups in Thailand
540:, northern Vietnam. The Vietnamese name
702:Passage: A Journal of Refugee Education
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350:Under Vietnam's classification of the
704:Winter 1987 (vol 3, no. 3), pp.30-31.
7:
165:Regions with significant populations
47:adding citations to reliable sources
470:A Tai Dam lady in Laomeng village,
14:
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519:Black Tai women wear the famous
160:1,040,549 people (1999 census).
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34:needs additional citations for
548:is from the local Tai form of
294:and ethnically similar to the
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2584:– Not officially recognized
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2170:Austroasiatic (non-Vietic)
688:(McFarland & Co, 2017)
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2630:Ethnic groups in Vietnam
2114:Ethnic groups in Vietnam
454:The Tai have their own
290:. They are part of the
2640:Ethnic groups in China
2427:Sino-Tibetan languages
566:swallow-tailed boats.
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456:Brahmic writing system
2635:Ethnic groups in Laos
1569:Ethnic groups in Laos
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43:improve this article
16:Ethnic group in Asia
642:Artistic activities
570:Social organization
298:from Thailand, the
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538:Mường Thanh Valley
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346:Classification
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336:Thái Hàng Tổng
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2457:Tibeto-Burman
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2127:
2126:Austroasiatic
2123:
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1946:Tibeto-Burman
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1038:
1036:
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1016:
1014:
1013:Austroasiatic
1010:
1000:
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992:
990:
987:
985:
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980:
977:
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717:Tai Dam music
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421:Robert D. Ray
418:
414:
413:Điện Biên Phủ
409:
407:
401:
393:
391:
389:
385:
381:
377:
373:
369:
365:
362:("Red Tai"),
361:
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322:("Red Tai"),
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63:
60: –
59:
55:
54:Find sources:
48:
44:
38:
37:
32:This article
30:
26:
21:
20:
2581:
2450:Sán Dìu
2414:
2362:
2187:Bru-Vân Kiều
2148:
2052:
2044:
2036:
1619:
1288:Sino-Tibetan
957:Austronesian
925:Northern Tai
873:
711:
701:
685:
680:
656:Hmong people
645:
637:
628:
619:
610:
601:
593:
585:
582:
573:
564:
555:
550:Mueang Thaen
549:
541:
520:
518:
514:
505:
496:
493:
489:
485:
481:
453:
438:
410:
403:
349:
278:, northwest
247:
245:
235:Christianity
121:Ethnic group
105:
96:
86:
79:
72:
65:
53:
41:Please help
36:verification
33:
2625:Tai peoples
2482:Phù Lá
2467:Hà Nhì
2300:H'Mông/Mông
2161:Việt (Kinh)
1628:(White Tai)
1622:(Black Tai)
1512:Luk khrueng
1467:Australians
999:Urak Lawoi’
994:Phuket Baba
904:Khorat Thai
666:Nyaw people
661:Khmu people
544:Mường Thanh
429:Gerald Ford
400:Tai peoples
352:Tai peoples
316:Thái people
292:Tai peoples
2619:Categories
2536:Expatriate
2487:Si La
2477:Lô Lô
2472:La Hủ
2373:Thái Trắng
2202:Giẻ Triêng
2049:(Highland)
2046:Lao Theung
1918:Hmong–Mien
1522:Pakistanis
1431:Hmong–Mien
1274:Vietnamese
879:Tai Gapong
672:References
398:See also:
388:Thổ Đà Bắc
324:Thái Trắng
308:Shan State
199:Vietnamese
69:newspapers
2568:Taiwanese
2383:Tày Thanh
2315:Tai–Kadai
2287:Hmong–Dao
2041:(Lowland)
1852:Palaungic
1696:Phon Sung
1616:(Red Tai)
1614:Tai Daeng
1412:Cantonese
1407:Hainanese
1350:Phrae Pwo
1074:Palaungic
869:Tai Daeng
864:Tai Bueng
834:Lao Wiang
819:Lao Ngaew
804:Lao Krang
625:Festivals
616:New house
435:Economics
417:Vientiane
380:Tày Mường
376:Hàng Tổng
372:Man Thanh
368:Tày Thanh
356:White Tai
332:Tày Thanh
189:Languages
99:July 2020
2604:Category
2563:Nigerian
2548:Japanese
2378:Phu Thái
2363:Thái Đen
2348:Sán Chay
2267:Xinh Mun
2054:Lao Sung
2038:Lao Loum
1901:Xinh Mun
1783:Bahnaric
1632:Tai Maen
1626:Tai Khao
1604:Phu Thai
1502:Japanese
1497:Iranians
1487:Filipino
1477:Chin Haw
1161:Nyah Kur
1129:Northern
911:Thai Yai
899:Thai Noi
894:Tai Wang
854:Phu Thai
844:Tai Yuan
824:Lao Song
814:Lao Loum
650:See also
634:Calendar
607:Funerals
579:Marriage
511:Clothing
478:, China.
444:Language
364:Tày Mười
354:are the
340:Buddhism
328:Phu Thai
288:Thailand
221:Religion
179:Thailand
2522:Gia Rai
2368:Thái Đỏ
2305:Pà Thẻn
2272:Xơ Đăng
2015:Kaleung
2005:Chinese
1909:(Kiorr)
1832:Talieng
1822:Nyaheun
1802:Kataang
1798:(Lavae)
1702:Thavung
1637:Tai Nüa
1620:Tai Dam
1581:Lao-Tai
1527:Swedish
1517:Nepalis
1507:Koreans
1492:Indians
1472:Burmese
1449:Iu Mien
1417:Hokchew
1397:Hokkien
1392:Teochew
1384:Sinitic
1133:Western
1102:Palaung
889:Tai Nüa
874:Tai Dam
809:Lao Lom
767:Kra–Dai
589:chignon
528:Housing
502:Cuisine
462:Culture
394:History
384:Pu Thay
360:Thái Đỏ
320:Thái Đỏ
312:Myanmar
280:Vietnam
252:Tai Dam
248:Tai Dam
231:Animism
215:Chinese
195:Tai Dam
183:Vietnam
125:Tai Dam
83:scholar
2582:italic
2558:Jewish
2553:Korean
2543:Indian
2527:Raglai
2512:Chu Ru
2410:Pu Péo
2400:La Chí
2395:Cơ Lao
2257:Rơ Măm
2247:Chơ Ro
2232:Xtiêng
2227:M'Nông
2217:Khơ Mú
2130:Vietic
2057:(Hill)
2022:(Lawi)
1984:Phunoi
1979:Phana'
1931:Lanten
1907:Samtao
1903:(Puoc)
1886:Mlabri
1827:Sedang
1758:Makong
1735:Katuic
1698:(Aheu)
1686:Maleng
1647:Vietic
1482:Farang
1355:Phunoi
1261:Vietic
1247:Kensiu
1242:Kintaq
1229:Aslian
1215:Sa'och
1197:Pearic
1175:Katuic
1040:Mlabri
1022:Khmuic
989:Moklen
884:Kaleun
839:Tai Lu
829:Lao Ti
799:Lao Ga
85:
78:
71:
64:
56:
2405:La Ha
2277:Khmer
2262:Tà Ôi
2237:Cơ Ho
2212:Kháng
2197:Cơ Tu
2177:Ba Na
2150:Nguồn
2144:Mường
1998:Other
1989:Si La
1969:Kaduo
1926:Hmong
1891:Lamet
1876:Khamu
1872:(Lua)
1865:Khang
1839:(Jeh)
1817:Laven
1773:Ta Oi
1763:Pacoh
1748:Ca Tu
1725:Khmer
1717:Khmer
1691:Phong
1667:(May)
1599:Phuan
1439:Hmong
1402:Hakka
1370:Ugong
1365:S'gaw
1320:Kayah
1315:Karen
1237:Maniq
1210:Chong
1148:Monic
1124:Khmer
1116:Khmer
1087:Lamet
1082:Blang
984:Moken
979:Malay
859:Phuan
849:Nyong
598:Birth
306:from
276:China
256:ꪼꪕ ꪒꪾ
171:China
131:ꪼꪕ ꪒꪾ
90:JSTOR
76:books
2517:Ê Đê
2507:Chăm
2462:Cống
2445:Ngái
2416:Thủy
2358:Thái
2343:Nùng
2328:Giáy
2323:Bố Y
2252:Ơ Đu
2222:Mảng
2182:Brâu
2139:Chứt
2020:Lavy
1974:Lahu
1964:Kado
1959:Hani
1954:Akha
1896:O Du
1870:Htin
1848:Khmu
1807:Jeng
1796:Brau
1791:Alak
1681:Liha
1676:Krih
1665:Chut
1655:Atel
1609:Saek
1345:Pa'O
1335:Lolo
1330:Lisu
1325:Lahu
1310:Bisu
1305:Akha
1269:Aheu
1205:Pear
1092:Lawa
1050:Pray
1045:Phai
1030:Khmu
974:Cham
938:Nyaw
933:Saek
789:Khün
784:Isan
521:pieu
425:Iowa
404:The
334:and
304:Shan
296:Thai
284:Laos
272:ไทดำ
268:Thai
264:ໄຕດຳ
246:The
211:Thai
207:Isan
175:Laos
62:news
2440:Hoa
2435:Han
2353:Tày
2333:Lào
2295:Dao
2207:Hrê
2156:Thổ
2116:by
2010:Doi
1936:Yao
1881:Keu
1860:Bit
1837:Yae
1768:Sou
1753:Kuy
1743:Bru
1707:Tum
1589:Lao
1571:by
1444:Yao
1360:Pwo
1340:Mpi
1183:Kuy
1156:Mon
1097:Mok
1060:Bru
1055:Tin
1035:Lua
943:Yoy
794:Lao
757:by
406:Tai
382:),
374:),
300:Lao
260:Lao
203:Lao
45:by
2621::
2338:Lự
2242:Mạ
2192:Co
1812:Oy
1660:Bo
1594:Lu
693:^
474:,
390:.
386:,
366:,
358:,
330:,
310:,
286:,
282:,
270::
266:,
262::
258:,
254::
237:,
233:,
229:,
213:,
209:,
205:,
201:,
197:,
181:,
177:,
173:,
2132:)
2128:(
2106:e
2099:t
2092:v
1850:-
1561:e
1554:t
1547:v
747:e
740:t
733:v
378:(
370:(
250:(
112:)
106:(
101:)
97:(
87:·
80:·
73:·
66:·
39:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
