History of Taiwan (1945–present)

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this, the island's post-war economy was failing and headed into a recession, causing people on the island to endure economic hardship. The government's program of "De-Japanization" also created cultural estrangement, along with tensions between the growing population of migrants from the mainland and the pre-war residents of the island. The building tensions erupted in 1947, when the arrest of a cigarette vendor by government agents led to the death of a bystander. The clashes between police and residents that followed quickly spread across the island, and grew into a general rebellion against Chen Yi and the Chief Executive's Office in what came to be known as the

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and, under the premise of no hope for unification as well as certain other (conditions), (the Chinese government) does not abandon (the possibility of) the use of force to resolve it." Those persons promoting Taiwan independence feel that, because of the Treaty of San Francisco signed by Japan and the United States and the unclear indication of the handover of Taiwan's sovereignty (the status of Taiwan was not decided on), Taiwan's future direction should be decided upon by the people of Taiwan and that the People's Republic of China not be permitted to threaten the use of force.

2022:) stance and announced withdrawal from the United Nations. After this, the international position of the Republic of China slid to a large extent. In 1979, when the United States broke relations, it created an even more severe attack on the diplomatic plight of the ROC. In recent years, the ROC government has tried several times to apply anew to enter international organizations such as the United Nations and the World Health Organization, but, under the opposing side's powerful obstruction, there has been no success. 1408:, elected in 1947, were forced to resign. These groups were originally created to represent mainland China constituencies. Also lifted were the restrictions on the use of Taiwanese languages in the broadcast media and in schools. Lee Teng-hui believed that agriculture was the backbone of a nation and promoted it extensively. He implemented health insurance and occupational hazard insurance programs for farmers. He also emphasized the Japanese roots of much of Taiwan's agricultural infrastructure. 2324: 729: 362: 2045:. Some people in Taiwan felt dissatisfied about this, and, on March 26, hundreds of thousands of people went to the streets of Taipei, participating in the 326 Protect Taiwan Demonstration, indicating their strong dissatisfaction with and protest of the law. Beginning on 26 April 2005, KMT, and various Pan-Blue political parties visited mainland China, creating an upsurge in the political dialogue between the two sides (see 993:. Several weeks later, government troops were sent to Taiwan from the mainland to handle the crisis and to suppress any opposition or resistance to the government. Many prominent individuals in Taiwanese society, as well as other residents of the island, many of whom had nothing to do with the incident, were either killed, imprisoned without trial, or simply disappeared. The February 28 Incident was a prelude to the 5406: 1396:, continued to democratize the government. Lee transferred more government authority to Taiwanese-born citizens, and Taiwan underwent a process of localization. In this localization process, local culture and history was promoted over a pan-China viewpoint. Lee's reforms included printing banknotes from the Central Bank instead of the usual Provincial Bank of Taiwan. He also largely suspended the operation of the 5418: 2254:

in order to protect domestic industry. By the 1960s, Taiwan's import exchange industry was faced with the problem of saturating the domestic market. At the same time, the factories of some industrialized nations, because of rising wages and other reasons, slowly moved to certain areas that had both basic industry and low labor costs. Consequently, the economic policy of Taiwan changed to pursue

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former land owners using the government compensation to become the new capitalist class. He promoted a mixed economy of state and private ownership with economic planning. Chiang also promoted a 9-years compulsory education and the importance of science in Taiwanese education and values. These measures generated great success with consistent and strong growth and the stabilization of inflation.

1087: 5430: 1004: 1235: 35: 2292:(IOC) recognized both the PRC and the ROC Olympic Committees in 1954. In 1958, The PRC withdrew its membership from the IOC and nine other international sports organizations in protest against the two-Chinas policy. After the withdrawal of the PRC, the IOC had been using a number of names in international Olympic activities to differentiate the ROC from the PRC. "Formosa" was used at the 1073:. The KMT also seized properties from Japanese colonists either for sale or for their own use. In modern Taiwan these appropriated properties are considered ill-gotten assets. The KMT also took assets which had belonged to the Japanese colonial authorities. In 2017 a court ordered the KMT to pay compensation for 458 properties which had been expropriated in this way. 2338: 1763:, some captured Communist Chinese soldiers, many of whom were originally KMT soldiers, were repatriated to Taiwan rather than mainland China. A KMT guerrilla force continued to operate cross-border raids into south-western China in the early 1950s. The ROC government launched a number of air bombing raids into key coastal cities of mainland China such as 1670:, issued in 1945. Later that year, World War II ended, and Japan accepted the Potsdam Declaration, surrendering unconditionally. The Supreme Commander of the Allied Forces commanded that the Japanese forces in Taiwan surrender to the government of the Republic of China, which acted as the representative of the Allied Forces. On 25 October 1945 in 2262:, to expand the manufacturing production. In the role of a manufacturing relay station, Taiwan became a link in the international system of division of labor. In 1963, the proportion of Taiwan's economy occupied by industry exceeded that of agriculture. From 1968, Taiwan maintained two-digit long-term annual average economic growth up until the 2053: 1221:, in which the United States pledged to protect the island from the mainland. From that point on, both sides of the strait have ceased all major hostilities against each other, with the ROC Navy having resumed unilateral combat and escort duties while the US Navy secretly and quietly removed their extra warships from the Taiwan Strait. 2304:. In 1975, the PRC applied to rejoin the IOC as the sole sports organization representing the whole China. The Taiwanese team, competing under the name of Republic of China at the previous Olympics, was refused to represent itself as the "Republic of China" or use "China" in its name by host Canadian government at the 2253:

policy, taking what was obtained by agriculture to give support to the industrial sector, trading agricultural product exports for foreign currency to import industrial machinery, thus developing the industrial sector. The government raised tariffs, controlled foreign exchange and restricted imports

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During the post-war period, Taiwan was lacking in goods and materials, the economy was depressed, and inflation was severe. After the national government moved to Taiwan, agriculture was first to grow, and, in 1953, Taiwan's economy returned to its pre-war level. After this, the government pursued a

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was lifted; and 5 months later on December 15, the ROC government began to allow visits to mainland China. This benefited many, especially old KMT soldiers, who had been separated from their family in mainland China for decades. This also proved a catalyst for the thawing of relations between the two

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succeeded to the leadership of the Kuomintang (opting to take the title "Chairman" rather than the elder Chiang's title of "Director-General"). Formerly the head of the feared secret police, Chiang Ching-kuo recognized gaining foreign support to securing the ROC's future security required reform. His

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began to turn further towards Taiwan independence. Prior to the 1990s, the ROC had been a one-party authoritarian state committed to eventual reunification with mainland China. However, with democratic reforms the attitudes of the general public began to influence policy in Taiwan. As a result, the

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ruled that same-sex couples have a right to marry, and gave the Legislature Yuan two years to adequately amend Taiwanese marriage laws. According to the court ruling, if amendments are not passed within two years, same-sex marriages will automatically become legal. In effect, Taiwan (ROC) became the

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and the media was largely barred from reporting on it. A group of students who attempted to sail a chartered ship into the Formosa Strait and beam pro-democracy broadcasts into China via amateur radio were foiled by the government by putting various obstacles in their way that caused them to abandon

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After retreating to Taiwan, Chiang learned from his mistakes and failures in the mainland and blamed them for failing to pursue Sun Yat-sen's ideals of Tridemism and welfarism. Chiang's land reform more than doubled the land ownership of Taiwanese farmers. It removed the rent burdens on them, with

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independence is still unresolved. The assertion of the People's Republic of China both domestically and internationally is "Whether from the perspective of history, government or international law, Taiwan is an inseparable part of China. The political status of Taiwan is a Chinese domestic affair,

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The late 1970s and early 1980s were a turbulent time for the Taiwan-born as many of the people who had originally been oppressed and left behind by economic changes became members of Taiwan's new middle class. Free enterprise had allowed native Taiwanese to gain a powerful bargaining chip in their

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Until the early 1970s, the Republic of China was recognized as the sole legitimate government of China by the United Nations and most Western nations, which refused to recognize the People's Republic of China (PRC) on account of the Cold War. The KMT rule of Taiwan under martial law until the late

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The KMT viewed the population of Taiwan as corrupted by Japanese influence and neither fully Chinese or fully trustworthy. This perceived influence led the KMT to believe that the population of Taiwan was backwards and required re-education. The KMT sought to remove any trace of Japanese influence

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to intimidate the Taiwanese electorate so that electorates would vote for pro-unification candidates, Chen Li-an and Lin Yang-kang. The aggressive tactic prompted U.S. President Clinton to invoke the Taiwan Relations Act and dispatch two aircraft carrier battle groups into the region off Taiwan's

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Taiwan also faced setbacks in the international sphere. In 1971, the ROC government walked out of the United Nations shortly before it recognized the PRC government in Beijing as the legitimate holder of China's seat in the United Nations. The ROC had been offered dual representation, but Chiang

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Chen Yi's administration was marred by corruption, as well as a lack of discipline in the military police assigned to occupation duties, resulting in a severe undermining of the chain of command. With the rampant corruption in his administration, Chen Yi began to monopolize power. In addition to

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ships to land supply, as a sunken ROC naval vessel was blocking the harbor. On September 7, the United States escorted a convoy of ROC supply ships and the PRC refrained from firing. On October 25, the PRC announced an "even-day ceasefire" — the PLA would only shell Quemoy on odd-numbered days.

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administration saw a gradual loosening of political controls, a transition towards democracy, and moves toward Taiwanization of the regime. Opponents of the Nationalists were no longer forbidden to hold meetings or publish papers. Though opposition political parties were still illegal, when the

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Following their retreat to Taiwan the KMT viewed their retreat as a temporary one with Chiang Kai-shek saying "prepare for one year, counterattack in two years, sweep out the enemy in three years and succeed within five years." This led them to prioritize military armament and preparation over

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in 1953, the U.S. began pressuring the ROC to withdraw its loyalists. By the end of 1954, nearly 6,000 soldiers had left Burma and Li Mi declared his army disbanded. However, thousands remained, and the ROC continued to supply and command them, even secretly supplying reinforcements at times.

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policy of "Nurture industry with agriculture"(以農養工) on the foundation established during Japanese rule. With the capital, manpower, and skilled labor that was in Taiwan, American aid, etc., Taiwan's economy progressively moved toward rapid growth. In the 1950s, the government carried out an

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One of Lee's final acts as president was to declare on German radio that the ROC and the PRC have a special state-to-state relationship. Lee's statement was met with the PLA conducting military drills in Fujian and a frightening island-wide blackout in Taiwan, causing many to fear an attack.

1389:, a Taiwan born technocrat to be his vice president, first in the line of succession to the presidency. The move followed other reforms giving more power to native-born citizens and calmed anti-KMT sentiments during a period in which many other Asian autocracies were being challenged. 2001:

Up until the 1970s, the international community generally considered the Kuomintang on Taiwan to be the legal representative of China, but acknowledgment of the nation of the People's Republic of China slowly increased. In 1954, the Republic of China and the United States signed the

887:, the PRC holds that the ROC ceased to exist and that Taiwan is an inseparable part of the PRC despite the fact that it has never controlled the island. Moreover, the PRC refuses diplomatic relations with any country that recognizes the ROC. However, the ROC still controls 2284:

Football was introduced to Taiwan in 1916 by Edward Band who was the principal of Tainan's Chang Jung High School. The Chang Jung High School team is considered to be the first football team in Taiwan with all current teams being in some way descendant of it.

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Most observers expected Chiang's government to eventually fall in response to a PRC invasion of Taiwan, and the United States initially showed no interest in supporting Chiang's government in its final stand. Things changed radically with the onset of the

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However, Lee failed to crack down on the massive corruption that pervaded the government and many KMT loyalists felt that Lee betrayed the ROC by taking reforms too far, while those in the opposition felt he did not take reforms far enough.

1972:, was also unwilling to compromise. Jiang notoriously attempted to influence the 1996 ROC election in Taiwan by conducting a missile exercise designed to intimidate Taiwanese voters and interfere with international shipping, leading to the 158: 1357:

was passed by the UN General Assembly and "the representatives of Chiang Kai-shek" (and thus the ROC) were expelled from the UN and replaced as "China" by the PRC. In 1979, the United States switched recognition from Taipei to Beijing.

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as vice-president, after a three-way race that saw the Pan-Blue vote split by independent James Soong (formerly of the Kuomintang) and Kuomintang candidate Lien Chan. Chen garnered 39% of the vote. After the election, Soong formed the

1307:. This established martial law in Taiwan and curtailed civil liberties and democracy. The official rationale for the Provisions was the ongoing Chinese Civil War and ROC was effectively under the military rule of the KMT during the 2258:. In 1960, the government enacted the "Regulations for Encouraging Investment", actively competing for foreign business investment in Taiwan. In 1966, the government established the Kaohsiung Export Processing Zone, Asia's first 1844:. In later years, live shells were replaced with propaganda sheets. The bombardment finally ceased in 1979 after the establishment of diplomatic relations between the People's Republic of China and the United States. 2546:

Nguyễn Anh Thái (chief author); Nguyễn Quốc Hùng; Vũ Ngọc Oanh; Trần Thị Vinh; Đặng Thanh Toán; Đỗ Thanh Bình (2002). Lịch sử thế giới hiện đại (in Vietnamese). Ho Chi Minh City: Giáo Dục Publisher. pp. 320–322.

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Kai-shek demanded to retain a seat on the UN Security Council, which was not acceptable to the PRC. Chiang expressed his decision in his famous "the sky is not big enough for two suns" speech. In October 1971,

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was issued, including among its clauses that all territories of China, including Formosa (Taiwan), that Japan had occupied would be returned to Republic of China. This declaration was reiterated in the

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was established as the first opposition party in 1986, President Chiang decided against dissolving the group or persecuting its leaders. Its candidates officially ran in elections as independents in the

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However, with the demise of the KMT single-party system and democratization movement during the 1980s, martial law was eventually lifted in 1987 (and its provisions were eventually rescinded in 1991).

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in Manchuria. Since mainland China's railroad network was underdeveloped, north–south trade depended heavily on sea lanes. ROC naval activity also caused severe hardship for mainland China fishermen.

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authorizing the President to defend the ROC's offshore islands. The First Taiwan Straits crisis ended in March 1955 when the PLA ceased its bombardment. The crisis was brought to a close during the

4013: 2308:. In April 1979, the IOC recognized the Olympic Committee of the PRC and maintained recognition of the Olympic Committee located in Taipei. In 1981, the ROC government formally accepted the name " 3329: 1151: 831: 579: 3617: 1674:, the Japanese government in Taiwan surrendered to the representative of the Republic of China, Chen Yi, the Republic of China formally receiving Taiwan. In 1951, Japan formally signed the 757: 1539: 3209: 3082: 1909:

In order to effect negotiations with mainland China on operational issues without compromising the government's position on denying the other side's legitimacy, the ROC government under

3452: 1937:. This system, described as "white gloves", allowed the two governments to engage with each other on a semi-official basis without compromising their respective sovereignty policies. 2038: 4587: 482: 1720:

In June 1949 the ROC declared a "closure" of all mainland China ports and its navy attempted to intercept all foreign ships. The closure covered from a point north of the mouth of

1252: 52: 1678:, but, due to the unclear situation of the Chinese civil war, the peace treaty did not clearly indicate to whom Taiwan's sovereignty belonged. In the second article of the 1952 1300: 1131:, declared martial law on the island on 19 May 1949. A part of the Republic of China, Taiwan inherited the international pronouncement of the ROC government including the 1932 850:

the temporary capital of the ROC. For many years, the ROC and PRC each continued to claim in the diplomatic arena to be the sole legitimate government of "China". In 1971, the

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During this period, movement of people and goods virtually ceased between PRC- and ROC-controlled territories. There were occasional defectors. One high-profile defector was

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resignation as leader of the party. The DPP lost a total of nine legislative seats, giving the KMT control of the majority of the 22 seats. KMT mayoral candidates won in

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1980s had the stated goals of being vigilant against Communist infiltration and preparing to retake mainland China. Therefore, political dissent was not tolerated.

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Tsang, Steve Yui-Sang Tsang. The Cold War's Odd Couple: The Unintended Partnership Between the Republic of China and the UK, 1950–1958. (2006). I.B. Tauris.

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In 1987, martial law was lifted and Taiwan began a democratisation process, beginning with the abolition of the Temporary Provisions and culminating with the

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ran on a platform supporting friendlier relations with mainland China and economic reforms and defeated DPP candidate Frank Hsieh with 58.48% of the vote.

390: 4005: 4646: 4301: 1519: 3321: 3179: 1829:'s proposal to bomb mainland China artillery batteries, it quickly moved to supply fighter jets and anti-aircraft missiles to the ROC. It also provided 3351: 1952:, under which both sides agreed to deliberate ambiguity on questions of sovereignty, in order to engage on operational questions affecting both sides. 3614: 3148: 1948:, the two organizations began a series of talks that culminated in the 1992 meetings, which, together with subsequent correspondence, established the 1825:(by the ROC), and ended on November of the same year. PLA patrol boats blockaded the islands from ROC supply ships. Though the United States rejected 743: 3982: 99: 5471: 4969: 4949: 3867: 3272: 2781:

Qi, Bangyuan. Wang, Dewei. Wang, David Der-wei. (2003). The Last of the Whampoa Breed: Stories of the Chinese Diaspora. Columbia University Press.

3695: 3052: 2757: 2525: 1682:, following the Treaty of San Francisco, Japan reiterated its abandonment of sovereignty of Taiwan, the Pescadores, the Spratlys and the Paracels. 1057: 964: 71: 4974: 4592: 4426: 4202: 3952: 3669: 3294: 2701: 2670: 2566: 3201: 3074: 2109:. A total of five mainland Chinese cities will be connected with eight Taiwan airports, with four days a week, 36 round-trip flights across the 1817:

began on 23 August 1958 with air and naval engagements between the PRC and the ROC military forces, leading to intense artillery bombardment of

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in June 1950. At this point, allowing a total Communist victory over Chiang became politically impossible in the United States, and President

1689:(PRC) and the Republic of China (ROC) continued a state of war until 1979. In October 1949 a PRC attempt to take the ROC controlled island of 1432:

in 1996 against DPP candidate and former dissident, Peng Min-ming. This election prompted the PRC to conduct a series of missile tests in the

78: 5466: 5387: 4899: 4717: 4516: 3456: 2638: 2605: 2469: 2250: 2061: 1304: 1288: 1070: 527: 5461: 5009: 4727: 4651: 2057: 1632: 1617: 1606: 1546: 1504: 1460: 1429: 861: 594: 4804: 4604: 4599: 4480: 4458: 4391: 2266:. In 1971, Taiwan had a foreign trade surplus and continued from then on in an export state and a major producer of electronics goods. 2003: 1636: 1610: 1437:

southern coast to monitor the situation, and PRC's missile tests were forced to end earlier than planned. This incident is known as the

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After the 1950s, the "war" became more symbolic than real, represented by on-again, off-again artillery bombardment towards and from

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resulted in increased tensions between Taiwan and China while reinforcing US-Taiwan ties. In response to the trip the PLA conducted

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MacFarquhar, Roderick. Fairbank, John K. Twitchett, Denis C. (1991). The Cambridge History of China. Cambridge University Press.

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halting the PLA advance towards Taiwan. The Communists' other amphibious operations of 1950 were more successful: they led to the

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direct flights on 4 July 2008, for the first time in six decades, as a "new start" in their tense relations. Liu Shaoyong, the

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Ma was re-elected, and the KMT retained its majority in the Legislative Yuan, in combined elections in January 2012. In the

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and, during his administration, reduced the scope of the public enterprises, which had grown significantly under Chen Yi.

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President Tsai's Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) won majority 61 out of 113 seats. The Kuomintang (KMT) won 38 seats.

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The KMT also retained control of the legislature in the Legislative Yuan elections in January 2008. In the presidential

1397: 1374: 1207: 1124: 1033: 1024:-led ROC government reorganized the local government, abolishing the Chief Executive's Office, while establishing a new 998: 869: 865: 1837:

Despite the end of the hostilities, the two sides have never signed any agreement or treaty to officially end the war.

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disputed the legality of the result due to the close margin of the election and the shooting incident. In 2005, an

1508: 1438: 876: 715: 639: 624: 619: 589: 376: 293: 273: 268: 237: 138: 3921: 2984: 2820: 1851:, who swam across the Kinmen strait to mainland China and is now Chief Economist and Senior Vice President of the 1287:

The Republic of China entered into the development phase of constitutional democracy with the promulgation of the

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The question of the political status of Taiwan or whether the two sides are moving toward unification or seeking

1412: 1132: 904: 710: 1192:(PLA) were carried out across the strait. An attempt by the CCP government to take the ROC-controlled island of 4963: 4889: 4712: 4639: 4421: 4416: 4367: 1918: 1488: 1315: 517: 345: 1640: 997:

of the 1950s, resulting in ethnic tensions between pre- and post-war residents, as well as the genesis of the

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Bush, Richard C. (2005). Untying the Knot: Making Peace in the Taiwan Strait. Brookings Institution Press.

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cast a profound ripple on the cross-strait relation between China and Taiwan—4 months later on July 15, the

1698: 1675: 1333:, and KMT were the only legal political parties in Taiwan. The other established parties operated under the 1203: 1128: 1052: 839: 649: 2436: 2019: 644: 5222: 5185: 4991: 4770: 4672: 4667: 4533: 4281: 4188: 3974: 3140: 1799: 1662: 1656: 1484: 982: 604: 288: 217: 3859: 3262: 2900: 1534:. As a result of scandals in the DPP administration, on 9 September 2006, former chairperson of the DPP, 5380: 5345: 4859: 4765: 4760: 4737: 4538: 4396: 4316: 4311: 3691: 3448: 3113: 3044: 2749: 2517: 2203: 1930: 1902: 1671: 1174: 1082: 994: 933: 807: 574: 3944: 3661: 2693: 2662: 1774:

as vital for any future campaign to defeat the PRC and retake mainland China. On 3 September 1954, the

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Though viewed as a military liability by the United States, the ROC viewed its remaining islands in

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sides. Problems engendered by increased contact necessitated a mechanism for regular negotiations.

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held on November 24, 2018, resulted in a major setback for the DPP majority and led to President

1512: 1346: 1009: 771: 702: 629: 487: 3634: 2117: 2928:"Constitutional Amendment, Kuomintang version, National Assembly Seats ad hoc (修憲國民黨版國大定位任務型)" 1382:. In the following year, Chiang ended martial law and allowed family visits to mainland China. 981:. However, because Japan had not formally relinquished the sovereignty of Taiwan at that time, 5434: 5355: 5285: 5262: 5165: 5143: 5133: 5106: 5101: 4930: 4884: 4821: 4782: 4752: 4615: 4468: 4261: 4228: 4162: 3431: 3414: 2802: 2782: 2728: 2634: 2630: 2601: 2465: 1405: 1147: 1116: 1048: 1044: 827: 692: 685: 507: 502: 432: 427: 324: 319: 147: 5360: 5280: 5076: 4999: 4954: 4941: 4849: 4834: 4572: 4127: 3905: 3784: 3587: 2593: 2223: 2042: 1995: 1961: 1910: 1679: 1531: 1523: 1401: 1379: 1369: 1334: 978: 884: 799: 670: 564: 521: 2868: 2837: 2588:

Chemillier-Gendreau, Monique; Sutcliffe, H.L.; McDonald, M. (January 1, 2000). "Annex 10".

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on President Chen and Vice-president Lu. They were re-elected the next day, although the

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Attempting to maintain good relations with the PRC, Taiwan avoided any criticism of the

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After Japan's surrender, most of Taiwan's approximately 300,000 Japanese residents were

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After losing mainland China, a group of approximately 12,000 KMT soldiers escaped to

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Mutual Defense Treaty between the United States of America and the Republic of China

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In May 2019, Taiwan became the first country in Asia to legalize same-sex marriage.

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and continued launching guerrilla attacks into south China. Their leader, General

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to France, where China declared that its southernmost territory was the Paracels.

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Recognition of the ROC has dwindled over the years. Recognition was withdrawn by

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Up and until 1958, small-scale military campaigns between the ROC forces and the

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did not recognize the unilateral annexation of Taiwan by the Republic of China.

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with 113 brigades (a total of 1.6 million troops), starting a new phase of the

958:, the ROC representative at the Japanese surrender ceremonies, established the 4732: 3172:"Taiwan's President Quits as Party Chief After Stinging Losses in Local Races" 2597: 2405: 2319: 2139: 2128: 1860: 1852: 1760: 1729: 1472: 1464: 1143: 1120: 1040: 1021: 955: 937: 819: 795: 609: 584: 3772: 3736: 3479: 1576:

and the first non-UN sovereign state to allow same-sex marriage in May 2019.

1012:(2L) celebrated his landslide victory (65.5%) in the first-time election for 2985:"President of Taiwan Is Re-elected, a Result That Is Likely to Please China" 2187: 2175: 2132: 2094: 1706: 1596: 1364:

died in April 1975 at the age of 87, and was succeeded in the presidency by

1182: 3370:"No party gets majority in Legislature; KMT wins most seats - Focus Taiwan" 3352:"Photos: Taiwan holds closely watched presidential and parliamentary polls" 1998:

for negotiations to occur prevented improvement in cross-strait relations.

924:'s hostilities came to a close on 2 September 1945, with the defeat of the 3263:"After Pelosi's arrival, China announced military drills in nearby waters" 5365: 4692: 3509: 3449:

The Taiwan Affairs Office and the Information Office of the State Council

2231: 2215: 2195: 2179: 2167: 2106: 1764: 1714: 1592: 1542:

but did not achieve the desired result of President Chen's resignation.

3917: 3893: 3322:"China military 'completes tasks' around Taiwan, plans regular patrols" 2015: 2011: 1736: 1301:

Temporary Provisions Effective During the Period of Communist Rebellion

1259: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 2052: 1917:" (SEF), a nominally non-governmental institution directly led by the 4211: 2219: 2191: 2151: 2069: 1841: 1822: 1818: 1783: 1751:

provided them with aid. After the Burmese government appealed to the

1744: 1725: 1690: 1516: 1492: 1322: 1193: 1100: 896: 892: 847: 815: 787: 3909: 1043:

in 1949. Wey reformed the currency system, replacing the devalued

4180: 2376: 2227: 2199: 2183: 2051: 1898: 1686: 1447: 1159: 1086: 1003: 843: 3045:"Taiwan court rules in favor of same-sex marriage, first in Asia" 2487:"KMT properties in Taiwan valued at NT$ 865 million to be seized" 1299:

and was nationalized. However, due to the Chinese Civil War, the

1181:

out of fear that they might resist their rule or sympathize with

2428: 2147: 1747:. Initially, the United States supported these remnants and the 1573: 977:

was appointed Chief Executive. Chen proclaimed 25 October to be

4916: 4453: 4340: 4226: 4184: 3295:"China Says Taiwan Military Drills Over, Plans Regular Patrols" 1522:

passed constitutional amendments ruling that elections for the

3692:"Fiji office closure not due to pressure from China: ministry" 2049:), but cross-straits relations are still full of uncertainty. 1955:

Also during this time, however, the rhetoric of ROC President

1392:

After Chiang Ching-kuo died in 1988, his successor, President

1228: 973:. After the establishment of the provincial executive office, 28: 3232:"Taiwan election: Tsai Ing-wen wins second presidential term" 1066:

and to force a new Chinese identity on the people of Taiwan.

3719:"Nauru switches diplomatic recognition from Taiwan to China" 3202:"Taiwan becomes first in Asia to legalise same-sex marriage" 3075:"Taiwan becomes first in Asia to legalise same-sex marriage" 1890:

was adopted on 1 February 1952 to condemn the Soviet Union.

1455:

was elected as the first non-KMT president of Taiwan in 2000

2150:

in May 2017 (with unofficial relations from 1996 onwards),

1994:

combined with the PRC's insistence that the ROC agree to a

2901:"Book highlights Lee's contributions to local agriculture" 2113:, thereby eliminating time-consuming Hong Kong stopovers. 3860:"FEATURE: Taiwan's soccer roots start in colonial Tainan" 1925:. The PRC responded to this initiative by setting up the 1540:

Million Voices Against Corruption, President Chen Must Go

1483:

In August 2002, President Chen openly indicated that the

1199:

in October 1949, halting the PLA advance towards Taiwan.

3015:"Profile: Tsai Ing-wen, Taiwan's first female president" 1631:

of the ruling Democratic Progressive Party won Taiwan's

1349:

would be a major turning point for democracy in Taiwan.

1202:

In April 1950, amphibious operations were successful in

2461:

Japanese Taiwan: Colonial Rule and its Contested Legacy

1960:

ROC government shifted away from its commitment to the

969:

separate from the provincial-level executive system on

2869:"The 1958 Taiwan Straits Crisis: A Documented History" 2838:"The 1958 Taiwan Straits Crisis: A Documented History" 1964:

and towards a separate political identity for Taiwan.

1875:

to prevent the ROC and PRC from attacking each other.

1345:

demands for respect for their basic human rights. The

3562:"Afp.google.com, China, Taiwan resume direct flights" 2625:

Decisive Encounters: The Chinese Civil War, 1946–1950

1605:

In January, 2020, Tsai Ing-wen was re-elected in the

1150:, forcing the Government of the Republic of China to 3320:

Pollard, Martin Quin; Lee, Yimou (August 11, 2022).

2822:

The 1958 Taiwan Straits Crisis: A Documented History

2041:, making clear for the first time in legal form the 5261: 5178: 5042: 4990: 4983: 4940: 4751: 4660: 4613: 4478: 4355: 1927:

Association for Relations Across the Taiwan Straits

1624:, included missile launches which overflew Taiwan. 1491:". This declaration led to disputations throughout 1111:launched a large-scale assault on CCP territory in 1051:, at a 40,000:1 exchange rate, and implemented the 59:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 4036:"Taiwan controversy at the 1976 Montreal Olympics" 3894:"The "Two-Chinas" Problem and the Olympic Formula" 2622: 1647:Cross-straits relations and international position 1428:Lee ran as the incumbent in Taiwan's first direct 3733:U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) 1538:, led an anti-Chen Shui-bian campaign called the 1467:'s status as the ruling party. The DPP candidate 1179:imprisoned Taiwan's intellectual and social elite 3717:Wu, Taijing; Moritsugu, Ken (January 14, 2024). 2750:"White Terror exhibit reveals part of the truth" 2590:Sovereignty over the Paracel and Spratly Islands 2559:"Taiwan in Time: The precursor to total control" 1976:. By 1998, semi-official talks had broken down. 1970:General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party 1032:, whose parents were scholars, became the first 960:Office of the Chief Executive of Taiwan Province 2429:"A Celebrity Apology and the Reality of Taiwan" 2008:United Nations General Assembly Resolution 2758 932:. Taiwan, which had been ceded to Japan by the 3453:"The One-China Principle and the Taiwan Issue" 1888:United Nations General Assembly Resolution 505 1210:off the Guangdong coast (May–August 1950) and 4196: 3615:Gambia breaks off diplomatic ties with Taiwan 2037:of the People's Republic of China passed the 936:in 1895, was placed under the control of the 751: 384: 8: 4126:. National Policy Foundation. Archived from 3141:"The Global Taiwan Brief Volume 3, Issue 23" 1485:relationship between Taiwan and the mainland 1311:. Taiwan was effectively under martial law. 2727:. Armonk, N.Y.: M. E. Sharpe. p. 302. 2464:. Bloomsbury Publishing. pp. 115–118. 2186:in January 2024. Only 11 UN member states ( 1177:against political dissents. The KMT mostly 1077:Authoritarianism, martial rule and cold war 846:. The KMT retreated to Taiwan and declared 4987: 4913: 4450: 4337: 4223: 4203: 4189: 4181: 4145: 2954:"Pro-China candidate wins Taiwan election" 2010:). The KMT government strengthened their " 1564:becoming Taiwan's first female president. 842:(CCP) proclaimed the establishment of the 758: 744: 402: 391: 377: 132: 2357:History of the People's Republic of China 2064:flight, also first direct flight between 1275:Learn how and when to remove this message 119:Learn how and when to remove this message 3662:"Sao Tome and Principe cuts Taipei ties" 3409: 3407: 3405: 3403: 3401: 3261:Qin, Amy; Mozur, Paul (August 2, 2022). 1940:Led by highly respected elder statesmen 1217:This period of tension lasted until the 1173:, the Nationalist government launched a 868:(DPP) came to power and began to pursue 790:were placed under the governance of the 3887: 3885: 3542:from the original on September 30, 2009 2797: 2795: 2518:"KMT rejects order to pay compensation" 2392: 2368: 405: 332: 306: 260: 165: 146: 135: 3870:from the original on December 31, 2022 3672:from the original on December 22, 2016 3568:from the original on February 13, 2009 3332:from the original on September 4, 2022 3212:from the original on February 25, 2021 3085:from the original on February 25, 2021 2777: 2775: 2760:from the original on December 20, 2019 2704:from the original on September 4, 2022 2047:2005 Pan-Blue visits to mainland China 857:the ROC and replaced it with the PRC. 4718:Opinion polling on Taiwanese identity 4077:from the original on February 6, 2022 4065:Barker, Philip (September 10, 2017). 4046:from the original on February 4, 2022 4016:from the original on February 4, 2022 3955:from the original on February 5, 2022 3924:from the original on February 4, 2022 3839:from the original on October 11, 2022 3749:from the original on October 19, 2011 3486:from the original on October 18, 2007 3242:from the original on October 27, 2022 3106:"Taiwan's local elections, explained" 3104:Bush, Richard C. (December 5, 2018). 2995:from the original on February 9, 2022 2926:Lin Hsin-huei (林新輝) (April 8, 2000). 2879:from the original on November 1, 2020 2867:H. Halperin, Morton (December 1996). 2848:from the original on November 1, 2020 2836:H. Halperin, Morton (December 1996). 2629:. Stanford University Press. p. 2569:from the original on December 6, 2021 2093:chair, piloted the first flight from 1305:Constitution of the Republic of China 1289:Constitution of the Republic of China 1062:, easing the inflationary situation. 528:Second Kuomintang-Communist Civil War 68:"History of Taiwan" 1945–present 7: 4728:Special non-state-to-state relations 3985:from the original on January 9, 2022 3594:from the original on August 31, 2008 3516:from the original on January 1, 2007 3139:Hsiao, Russell (November 28, 2018). 2288:Following the Chinese Civil War the 1618:2022 visit by Nancy Pelosi to Taiwan 1257:adding citations to reliable sources 1099:waved to crowds during his visit to 1020:After the February 28 Incident, the 1016:in January 1951 with his supporters. 1008:Non-Kuomintang Taiwanese politician 57:adding citations to reliable sources 5477:Aftermath of World War II in Taiwan 5457:Taiwan under Republic of China rule 3588:"Direct China-Taiwan flights begin" 3390:. September 6, 1945. Archived from 3275:from the original on August 7, 2022 3170:Horton, Chris (November 24, 2018). 2983:Jacobs, Andrew (January 14, 2012). 2825:. Daniel Ellsberg. pp. i–xvii. 2694:"Exploring Hsinchu's military past" 2692:Crook, Steven (September 3, 2022). 2663:"Taiwan in Time: The Great Retreat" 2458:Morris, Andrew D. (July 30, 2015). 2085:and Taiwan resumed regular weekend 1986:in 2000. Politically, Chen is pro- 1699:Communist conquest of Hainan Island 1303:were passed as an amendment to the 870:Taiwanese independence and identity 3506:"Taiwan rallies against China law" 3151:from the original on June 21, 2022 2673:from the original on June 20, 2020 2528:from the original on June 14, 2021 2497:from the original on June 14, 2021 2439:from the original on June 14, 2021 25: 3803:from the original on July 5, 2009 3698:from the original on May 17, 2017 3182:from the original on June 1, 2022 3120:from the original on June 1, 2022 3055:from the original on May 18, 2019 3025:from the original on June 1, 2022 2964:from the original on June 1, 2022 2234:maintain relations with the ROC. 2101:. Simultaneously, a Taiwan-based 1325:relocated to Taiwan in 1949, the 1039:Wey was succeeded as governor by 5428: 5416: 5405: 5404: 4647:List of administrative divisions 3660:Hsu, Stacy (December 22, 2016). 2661:Han, Cheung (December 4, 2016). 2485:Yang, Sophia (August 28, 2017). 2336: 2322: 2212:Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 1878:After the ROC complained to the 1622:military exercises around Taiwan 1331:China Democratic Socialist Party 1318:was restored in ROC after 1987. 1233: 1123:, who served as the chairman of 727: 415: 360: 157: 33: 5472:Contemporary history by country 5429: 3945:"An Olympic summer to remember" 3478:Chi, Charlie (April 30, 2002). 3374:Focus Taiwan - CNA English News 2819:M.H. Halperin (December 1966). 2748:Huang, Tai-lin (May 20, 2005). 2516:Wei-han, Chen (July 18, 2017). 2290:International Olympic Committee 1709:coast (May–August 1950) and of 1244:needs additional citations for 1206:in April 1950, leading to the 999:Taiwanese independence movement 862:first direct president election 44:needs additional citations for 4096:Ritchie, Joe (April 8, 1979). 3943:Han Cheung (August 30, 2015). 3694:. Taipei Times. May 18, 2017. 2723:Rubinstein, Murray A. (2007). 2427:Dawley, Evan (June 13, 2021). 2400:Land Reform Museum (土地改革紀念館). 1560:, the DPP regained power with 1503:. In 2004, the day before the 1297:Republic of China Armed Forces 1140:Republic of China Armed Forces 1: 4240:Timeline of Taiwanese history 4166:Under Republic of China rule 4122:Joe Hung (January 10, 2002). 4098:"Olympic Group Admits Peking" 4004:Bryan Meler (July 22, 2021). 3536:"In pictures: Taiwan protest" 2899:Chung, Jake (July 30, 2022). 1929:(ARATS), directly led by the 944:(ROC) by the promulgation of 5467:History of China by location 5005:Taiwanese indigenous peoples 4743:Taiwan independence movement 3892:Chan, Gerald (Autumn 1985). 3538:. BBC News. March 26, 2005. 3482:. Taiwan Documents Project. 3063:– via www.reuters.com. 2930:(in Chinese). Archived from 2404:(in Chinese). Archived from 2402:"Looking for History (尋訪歷史)" 2375:Not to be confused with the 2056:Flight CAL581, first direct 1990:. Chen's repudiation of the 1530:, aiding the formation of a 1398:Taiwan Provincial Government 1375:Democratic Progressive Party 1158:of a new Chinese state: the 1125:Taiwan Provincial Government 866:Democratic Progressive Party 830:in 1949, the ROC government 826:. Following the end of the 824:Ministry of National Defense 804:February 28 massacre in 1947 5462:History of Taiwan by period 4900:Water supply and sanitation 3602:– via news.bbc.co.uk. 3421:. pp. 155, 115–120, 139–145 2557:Han Chueng (May 15, 2016). 2296:, and "Taiwan" was used in 1915:Straits Exchange Foundation 1869:United States Seventh Fleet 1815:Second Taiwan Strait Crisis 1786:and threatened to take the 1749:Central Intelligence Agency 1643:(TPP) secured eight seats. 1549:in May 2008, KMT candidate 1471:was elected president with 1293:National Revolutionary Army 1291:in 1947. Subsequently, the 1154:. This allowed the CCP to 1034:Governor of Taiwan Province 814:in 1949 by the Governor of 600:Second Taiwan Strait Crisis 5493: 5218:Inventions and discoveries 4723:Political status of Taiwan 4292:Taiwan under Japanese rule 3789:10.1177/009770047900500304 2379:(PRC) established in 1949. 2377:People's Republic of China 2277: 2244:Economic history of Taiwan 2241: 2120:was held by ROC president 2075: 2035:National People's Congress 1974:Third Taiwan Strait Crisis 1790:. On 20 January 1955, the 1776:First Taiwan Strait Crisis 1703:capture of Wanshan Islands 1687:People's Republic of China 1653:Political status of Taiwan 1650: 1505:2004 presidential election 1461:2000 presidential election 1439:1996 Taiwan Straits Crisis 1208:capture of Wanshan Islands 1160:People's Republic of China 1080: 877:ambiguous political status 844:People's Republic of China 640:Sunflower Student Movement 625:Third Taiwan Strait Crisis 620:Wild Lily student movement 590:First Taiwan Strait Crisis 5400: 4912: 4449: 4336: 4235: 4222: 4171: 4160: 4148: 2598:10.1163/9789004479425_008 1413:Tiananmen Square Massacre 1214:off Zhejiang (May 1950). 1156:declare the establishment 535:Constitutional government 18:Taiwan after World War II 4713:One Country on Each Side 4625:Administrative divisions 2435:. History News Network. 1919:Mainland Affairs Council 1886:supporting the PRC, the 1661:At the end of 1943, the 1489:One Country on Each Side 1316:Constitutional democracy 1204:conquering Hainan Island 1190:People's Liberation Army 518:Second Sino-Japanese War 4895:Uniform Invoice lottery 4810:State-owned enterprises 4583:Office of the President 3145:Global Taiwan Institute 2099:Taipei Songshan Airport 2091:China Southern Airlines 1921:, an instrument of the 1676:Treaty of San Francisco 1507:, there was a supposed 1175:campaign of suppression 1129:Taiwan Garrison Command 950:Instrument of Surrender 948:and the signing of the 840:Chinese Communist Party 650:2017 Summer Universiade 4855:Semiconductor industry 4673:Cross-Strait relations 4630:Special municipalities 4282:Taiwan under Qing rule 3388:"Congressional Record" 2260:export processing zone 2116:On 7 November 2015, a 2073: 2033:On 14 March 2005, the 1800:United States Congress 1657:Cross-Strait relations 1633:presidential elections 1611:parliamentary election 1463:marked the end of the 1456: 1309:period of mobilization 1166:economic development. 1138:In December 1949, the 1104: 1103:, Taiwan in June 1960. 1053:375 Rent Reduction Act 1017: 983:Allies of World War II 864:in 1996. By 2000, the 605:Project National Glory 565:Retrocession of Taiwan 513:Nationalist Government 248:Republic of China rule 4738:Taiwanese nationalism 4257:Early Chinese contact 3114:Brookings Institution 2725:Taiwan: A New History 2491:www.taiwannews.com.tw 2204:Saint Kitts and Nevis 2154:on 13 June 2017, the 2146:on 21 December 2016, 2144:São Tomé and Príncipe 2055: 1996:"One China" principle 1931:Taiwan Affairs Office 1903:martial law in Taiwan 1672:Taipei Zhongshan Hall 1641:Taiwan People's Party 1607:presidential election 1509:assassination attempt 1451: 1430:presidential election 1146:were defeated in the 1090: 1083:White Terror (Taiwan) 1081:Further information: 1026:provincial government 1007: 934:Treaty of Shimonoseki 916:Early postwar society 4250:archaeological sites 3620:May 4, 2017, at the 3394:on October 14, 2002. 3238:. January 11, 2020. 3021:. January 11, 2020. 2621:Westad, Odd (2003). 2306:1976 Summer Olympics 2294:1960 Summer Olympics 2087:cross-strait charter 2078:Cross-strait charter 2018:cannot both stand" ( 1984:President of the ROC 1897:(Lieyu massacre) in 1728:to the mouth of the 1693:was thwarted in the 1637:legislative election 1629:William Lai Ching-te 1569:Constitutional Court 1567:On 24 May 2017, the 1295:was also renamed as 1253:improve this article 1219:Second Strait Crisis 1171:February 28 Incident 1097:Dwight D. Eisenhower 991:February 28 incident 794:(ROC), ruled by the 570:February 28 Incident 351:Archaeological sites 53:improve this article 5388:Tourist attractions 4845:Maritime industries 4778:Automotive industry 4683:Chinese nationalism 4678:Chinese unification 4522:Additional Articles 4287:Republic of Formosa 4277:Kingdom of Tungning 4152:Under Japanese rule 4102:The Washington Post 4010:Yahoo Sports Canada 3864:www.taipeitimes.com 3641:. December 21, 2016 3480:"Executive Summary" 3376:. January 13, 2024. 2592:. Brill | Nijhoff. 2522:www.taipeitimes.com 2251:import substitution 2182:in March 2023, and 2174:in September 2019, 2166:on 20 August 2018, 2043:One-China principle 1988:Taiwan independence 1695:Battle of Kuningtou 1668:Potsdam Declaration 1327:Chinese Youth Party 946:General Order No. 1 905:other minor islands 776:occupation of Japan 770:As a result of the 498:Northern Expedition 228:Republic of Formosa 208:Kingdom of Tungning 5052:Formosan languages 4875:Telecommunications 4708:North–South divide 4652:Metropolitan areas 4071:insidethegames.biz 3512:. March 26, 2005. 3268:The New York Times 3176:The New York Times 2989:The New York Times 2960:. March 22, 2008. 2178:in December 2021, 2156:Dominican Republic 2074: 2072:, 29 January 2005. 2039:Anti-Secession Law 1831:amphibious assault 1808:Bandung Conference 1804:Formosa Resolution 1796:Yijiangshan Island 1513:Pan-Blue Coalition 1478:People First Party 1457: 1347:Kaohsiung Incident 1225:Democratic reforms 1152:relocate to Taiwan 1105: 1018: 645:2015 Ma–Xi meeting 630:Anti-Secession Law 488:Beiyang Government 5444: 5443: 5396: 5395: 5174: 5173: 5144:Taiwanese Hokkien 4908: 4907: 4703:Foreign relations 4616:Regions of Taiwan 4600:Political parties 4588:Secretary-General 4445: 4444: 4392:Protected species 4332: 4331: 4302:Retreat to Taiwan 4297:Republic of China 4262:Kingdom of Middag 4179: 4178: 4172:Succeeded by 4163:History of Taiwan 4042:. July 16, 1976. 3301:. August 10, 2022 2640:978-0-8047-4484-3 2607:978-90-411-1381-8 2471:978-1-4725-7674-3 2126:General Secretary 1821:(by the PRC) and 1782:started shelling 1663:Cairo Declaration 1627:In January 2024, 1572:first country in 1526:change to use of 1520:National Assembly 1424:Democratic period 1406:National Assembly 1323:Republic of China 1285: 1284: 1277: 1148:Chinese Civil War 1127:and commander of 1117:Chinese Civil War 1107:On 20 July 1946, 1095:, U.S. President 1049:New Taiwan dollar 1045:Old Taiwan dollar 942:Republic of China 828:Chinese Civil War 792:Republic of China 782:, the islands of 768: 767: 734:Taiwan portal 635:100th anniversary 508:Chinese Civil War 503:Shanghai massacre 483:Provisional Gov't 409:Republic of China 401: 400: 367:Taiwan portal 325:Kingdom of Middag 256: 255: 129: 128: 121: 103: 16:(Redirected from 5484: 5432: 5431: 5420: 5408: 5407: 5296:Cultural history 5248:Waste management 5000:Taiwanese people 4988: 4942:National symbols 4921:National Symbols 4914: 4830:Economic history 4825: 4817:Defense industry 4661:Political issues 4566:Military history 4451: 4338: 4224: 4205: 4198: 4191: 4182: 4157: 4149:Preceded by 4146: 4140: 4139: 4137: 4135: 4130:on July 24, 2011 4124:"Chinese Taipei" 4119: 4113: 4112: 4110: 4108: 4093: 4087: 4086: 4084: 4082: 4062: 4056: 4055: 4053: 4051: 4032: 4026: 4025: 4023: 4021: 4001: 3995: 3994: 3992: 3990: 3975:"Mexico 68, v.3" 3971: 3965: 3964: 3962: 3960: 3940: 3934: 3933: 3931: 3929: 3889: 3880: 3879: 3877: 3875: 3866:. Taipei Times. 3855: 3849: 3848: 3846: 3844: 3838: 3827: 3819: 3813: 3812: 3810: 3808: 3769:Amsden, Alice H. 3765: 3759: 3758: 3756: 3754: 3748: 3741: 3729: 3723: 3722: 3714: 3708: 3707: 3705: 3703: 3688: 3682: 3681: 3679: 3677: 3657: 3651: 3650: 3648: 3646: 3631: 3625: 3610: 3604: 3603: 3601: 3599: 3590:. July 4, 2008. 3584: 3578: 3577: 3575: 3573: 3558: 3552: 3551: 3549: 3547: 3532: 3526: 3525: 3523: 3521: 3502: 3496: 3495: 3493: 3491: 3475: 3469: 3468: 3466: 3464: 3455:. Archived from 3445: 3439: 3428: 3422: 3411: 3396: 3395: 3384: 3378: 3377: 3366: 3360: 3359: 3348: 3342: 3341: 3339: 3337: 3317: 3311: 3310: 3308: 3306: 3291: 3285: 3284: 3282: 3280: 3258: 3252: 3251: 3249: 3247: 3228: 3222: 3221: 3219: 3217: 3208:. May 17, 2019. 3198: 3192: 3191: 3189: 3187: 3167: 3161: 3160: 3158: 3156: 3136: 3130: 3129: 3127: 3125: 3101: 3095: 3094: 3092: 3090: 3081:. May 17, 2019. 3071: 3065: 3064: 3062: 3060: 3051:. May 24, 2017. 3041: 3035: 3034: 3032: 3030: 3011: 3005: 3004: 3002: 3000: 2980: 2974: 2973: 2971: 2969: 2950: 2944: 2943: 2941: 2939: 2934:on July 17, 2011 2923: 2917: 2916: 2914: 2912: 2896: 2890: 2888: 2886: 2884: 2873:RAND Corporation 2864: 2858: 2857: 2855: 2853: 2842:RAND Corporation 2833: 2827: 2826: 2816: 2810: 2799: 2790: 2779: 2770: 2769: 2767: 2765: 2745: 2739: 2738: 2720: 2714: 2713: 2711: 2709: 2700:. Taipei Times. 2689: 2683: 2682: 2680: 2678: 2658: 2652: 2651: 2649: 2647: 2628: 2618: 2612: 2611: 2585: 2579: 2578: 2576: 2574: 2554: 2548: 2544: 2538: 2537: 2535: 2533: 2524:. Taipei Times. 2513: 2507: 2506: 2504: 2502: 2482: 2476: 2475: 2455: 2449: 2448: 2446: 2444: 2424: 2418: 2417: 2415: 2413: 2408:on July 25, 2011 2397: 2380: 2373: 2346: 2341: 2340: 2339: 2332: 2327: 2326: 2325: 2256:export expansion 2224:Marshall Islands 2162:on 24 May 2018, 1962:One-China policy 1911:Chiang Ching-kuo 1895:March 7 Incident 1701:in April 1950, 1680:Treaty of Taipei 1532:two-party system 1524:Legislative Yuan 1402:Legislative Yuan 1385:Chiang selected 1380:Tangwai movement 1370:Chiang Ching-kuo 1335:Tangwai movement 1280: 1273: 1269: 1266: 1260: 1237: 1229: 1061: 979:Retrocession Day 968: 922:Second World War 885:One-China policy 875:Due to Taiwan's 802:. Following the 760: 753: 746: 732: 731: 730: 716:the Taiwan issue 580:Exodus to Taiwan 553: 522:Nanjing Massacre 466: 419: 403: 393: 386: 379: 365: 364: 363: 174: 173: 161: 151: 133: 124: 117: 113: 110: 104: 102: 61: 37: 29: 21: 5492: 5491: 5487: 5486: 5485: 5483: 5482: 5481: 5447: 5446: 5445: 5440: 5392: 5257: 5228:Public holidays 5201:Sex trafficking 5196:Organized crime 5170: 5038: 4979: 4936: 4935: 4904: 4823: 4747: 4698:De-Sinicization 4656: 4618: 4609: 4556:Law enforcement 4488: 4483: 4474: 4473: 4441: 4388:Endemic species 4351: 4350: 4328: 4322:Mandarin policy 4272:Spanish Formosa 4231: 4218: 4209: 4175: 4168: 4165: 4158: 4155: 4154: 4144: 4143: 4133: 4131: 4121: 4120: 4116: 4106: 4104: 4095: 4094: 4090: 4080: 4078: 4064: 4063: 4059: 4049: 4047: 4034: 4033: 4029: 4019: 4017: 4003: 4002: 3998: 3988: 3986: 3979:LA84 Foundation 3973: 3972: 3968: 3958: 3956: 3942: 3941: 3937: 3927: 3925: 3910:10.2307/2759241 3898:Pacific Affairs 3891: 3890: 3883: 3873: 3871: 3857: 3856: 3852: 3842: 3840: 3836: 3825: 3821: 3820: 3816: 3806: 3804: 3767: 3766: 3762: 3752: 3750: 3746: 3739: 3731: 3730: 3726: 3716: 3715: 3711: 3701: 3699: 3690: 3689: 3685: 3675: 3673: 3659: 3658: 3654: 3644: 3642: 3633: 3632: 3628: 3622:Wayback Machine 3611: 3607: 3597: 3595: 3586: 3585: 3581: 3571: 3569: 3560: 3559: 3555: 3545: 3543: 3534: 3533: 3529: 3519: 3517: 3504: 3503: 3499: 3489: 3487: 3477: 3476: 3472: 3462: 3460: 3459:on July 4, 2009 3447: 3446: 3442: 3429: 3425: 3412: 3399: 3386: 3385: 3381: 3368: 3367: 3363: 3350: 3349: 3345: 3335: 3333: 3319: 3318: 3314: 3304: 3302: 3293: 3292: 3288: 3278: 3276: 3260: 3259: 3255: 3245: 3243: 3230: 3229: 3225: 3215: 3213: 3200: 3199: 3195: 3185: 3183: 3169: 3168: 3164: 3154: 3152: 3138: 3137: 3133: 3123: 3121: 3103: 3102: 3098: 3088: 3086: 3073: 3072: 3068: 3058: 3056: 3043: 3042: 3038: 3028: 3026: 3013: 3012: 3008: 2998: 2996: 2982: 2981: 2977: 2967: 2965: 2952: 2951: 2947: 2937: 2935: 2925: 2924: 2920: 2910: 2908: 2905:taipeitimes.com 2898: 2897: 2893: 2882: 2880: 2866: 2865: 2861: 2851: 2849: 2835: 2834: 2830: 2818: 2817: 2813: 2800: 2793: 2780: 2773: 2763: 2761: 2747: 2746: 2742: 2735: 2722: 2721: 2717: 2707: 2705: 2698:taipeitimes.com 2691: 2690: 2686: 2676: 2674: 2660: 2659: 2655: 2645: 2643: 2641: 2620: 2619: 2615: 2608: 2587: 2586: 2582: 2572: 2570: 2556: 2555: 2551: 2545: 2541: 2531: 2529: 2515: 2514: 2510: 2500: 2498: 2493:. Taiwan News. 2484: 2483: 2479: 2472: 2457: 2456: 2452: 2442: 2440: 2426: 2425: 2421: 2411: 2409: 2399: 2398: 2394: 2389: 2384: 2383: 2374: 2370: 2365: 2342: 2337: 2335: 2328: 2323: 2321: 2318: 2282: 2280:Sport in Taiwan 2276: 2264:1973 oil crisis 2246: 2240: 2238:Economic growth 2172:Solomon Islands 2158:on 1 May 2018, 2080: 1865:Harry S. Truman 1849:Justin Yifu Lin 1827:Chiang Kai-shek 1778:began when the 1726:Fujian Province 1711:Zhoushan Island 1659: 1651:Main articles: 1649: 1589:New Taipei City 1528:parallel voting 1426: 1362:Chiang Kai-shek 1355:Resolution 2758 1281: 1270: 1264: 1261: 1250: 1238: 1227: 1212:Zhoushan Island 1109:Chiang Kai-shek 1093:Chiang Kai-shek 1091:With President 1085: 1079: 1055: 1014:mayor of Taipei 962: 926:Empire of Japan 918: 913: 800:25 October 1945 764: 728: 726: 721: 720: 707: 688: 682: 678: 666: 665: 656: 655: 654: 559: 558: 557: 554: 551: 541: 540: 539: 478:1911 Revolution 472: 471: 470: 467: 464: 454: 408: 397: 361: 359: 198:Spanish Formosa 149: 142: 125: 114: 108: 105: 62: 60: 50: 38: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 5490: 5488: 5480: 5479: 5474: 5469: 5464: 5459: 5449: 5448: 5442: 5441: 5439: 5438: 5426: 5414: 5401: 5398: 5397: 5394: 5393: 5391: 5390: 5385: 5384: 5383: 5373: 5371:Taiwanese wave 5368: 5363: 5358: 5353: 5348: 5343: 5338: 5333: 5328: 5323: 5318: 5313: 5311:Glove puppetry 5308: 5303: 5298: 5293: 5283: 5278: 5273: 5267: 5265: 5259: 5258: 5256: 5255: 5250: 5245: 5243:Taiwan studies 5240: 5235: 5230: 5225: 5220: 5215: 5210: 5205: 5204: 5203: 5198: 5188: 5182: 5180: 5176: 5175: 5172: 5171: 5169: 5168: 5163: 5158: 5157: 5156: 5151: 5146: 5141: 5131: 5130: 5129: 5124: 5119: 5114: 5109: 5104: 5099: 5094: 5089: 5084: 5079: 5074: 5069: 5064: 5059: 5048: 5046: 5040: 5039: 5037: 5036: 5035: 5034: 5029: 5024: 5014: 5013: 5012: 5002: 4996: 4994: 4985: 4981: 4980: 4978: 4977: 4972: 4967: 4957: 4952: 4946: 4944: 4938: 4937: 4934: 4933: 4928: 4925: 4922: 4918: 4917: 4910: 4909: 4906: 4905: 4903: 4902: 4897: 4892: 4890:Transportation 4887: 4882: 4877: 4872: 4867: 4865:Taiwan Miracle 4862: 4860:Stock exchange 4857: 4852: 4847: 4842: 4837: 4832: 4827: 4819: 4814: 4813: 4812: 4807: 4797: 4796: 4795: 4790: 4780: 4775: 4774: 4773: 4768: 4757: 4755: 4749: 4748: 4746: 4745: 4740: 4735: 4730: 4725: 4720: 4715: 4710: 4705: 4700: 4695: 4690: 4688:Chinese Taipei 4685: 4680: 4675: 4670: 4664: 4662: 4658: 4657: 4655: 4654: 4649: 4644: 4643: 4642: 4637: 4632: 4621: 4619: 4614: 4611: 4610: 4608: 4607: 4602: 4597: 4596: 4595: 4593:Vice President 4590: 4585: 4575: 4570: 4569: 4568: 4558: 4553: 4548: 4543: 4542: 4541: 4531: 4526: 4525: 4524: 4514: 4509: 4504: 4503: 4502: 4491: 4489: 4479: 4476: 4475: 4472: 4471: 4466: 4461: 4455: 4454: 4447: 4446: 4443: 4442: 4440: 4439: 4434: 4429: 4424: 4419: 4417:National parks 4414: 4409: 4404: 4399: 4394: 4385: 4380: 4375: 4370: 4365: 4359: 4357: 4353: 4352: 4349: 4348: 4342: 4341: 4334: 4333: 4330: 4329: 4327: 4326: 4325: 4324: 4319: 4314: 4309: 4304: 4294: 4289: 4284: 4279: 4274: 4269: 4264: 4259: 4254: 4253: 4252: 4242: 4236: 4233: 4232: 4227: 4220: 4219: 4210: 4208: 4207: 4200: 4193: 4185: 4177: 4176: 4173: 4170: 4159: 4150: 4142: 4141: 4114: 4088: 4057: 4027: 3996: 3966: 3935: 3904:(3): 473–490. 3881: 3850: 3832:(in Chinese). 3814: 3783:(3): 341–380. 3760: 3724: 3709: 3683: 3652: 3626: 3605: 3579: 3553: 3527: 3497: 3470: 3440: 3423: 3397: 3379: 3361: 3343: 3312: 3286: 3253: 3223: 3193: 3162: 3131: 3096: 3066: 3036: 3006: 2975: 2945: 2918: 2907:. Taipei Times 2891: 2859: 2828: 2811: 2791: 2771: 2740: 2733: 2715: 2684: 2653: 2639: 2613: 2606: 2580: 2565:. p. 12. 2549: 2547:8934980082317. 2539: 2508: 2477: 2470: 2450: 2419: 2391: 2390: 2388: 2385: 2382: 2381: 2367: 2366: 2364: 2361: 2360: 2359: 2354: 2348: 2347: 2344:History portal 2333: 2317: 2314: 2310:Chinese Taipei 2278:Main article: 2275: 2272: 2239: 2236: 2103:China Airlines 2083:Mainland China 2066:Mainland China 1992:1992 Consensus 1980:Chen Shui-bian 1950:1992 Consensus 1923:Executive Yuan 1880:United Nations 1788:Dachen Islands 1753:United Nations 1648: 1645: 1558:2016 elections 1497:mainland China 1469:Chen Shui-bian 1453:Chen Shui-bian 1425: 1422: 1400:. In 1991 the 1368:while his son 1283: 1282: 1241: 1239: 1232: 1226: 1223: 1078: 1075: 971:mainland China 917: 914: 912: 909: 881:Chinese Taipei 852:United Nations 822:, and the ROC 778:at the end of 766: 765: 763: 762: 755: 748: 740: 737: 736: 723: 722: 719: 718: 713: 711:the Kuomintang 706: 705: 700: 695: 690: 689:(geographical) 681: 680: 679:(1949–present) 673: 667: 663: 662: 661: 658: 657: 653: 652: 647: 642: 637: 632: 627: 622: 617: 615:Lieyu massacre 612: 607: 602: 597: 592: 587: 582: 577: 572: 567: 561: 560: 549: 548: 547: 546: 543: 542: 538: 537: 532: 530: 525: 515: 510: 505: 500: 495: 490: 485: 480: 474: 473: 462: 461: 460: 459: 456: 455: 453: 452: 447: 441: 440: 435: 430: 424: 421: 420: 412: 411: 407:History of the 399: 398: 396: 395: 388: 381: 373: 370: 369: 356: 355: 354: 353: 348: 343: 335: 334: 330: 329: 328: 327: 322: 317: 309: 308: 304: 303: 302: 301: 296: 291: 286: 284:Historiography 281: 276: 271: 263: 262: 258: 257: 254: 253: 250: 244: 243: 240: 234: 233: 230: 224: 223: 220: 214: 213: 210: 204: 203: 200: 194: 193: 190: 184: 183: 180: 170: 169: 163: 162: 154: 153: 144: 143: 136: 127: 126: 41: 39: 32: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 5489: 5478: 5475: 5473: 5470: 5468: 5465: 5463: 5460: 5458: 5455: 5454: 5452: 5437: 5436: 5427: 5425: 5424: 5419: 5415: 5413: 5412: 5403: 5402: 5399: 5389: 5386: 5382: 5379: 5378: 5377: 5374: 5372: 5369: 5367: 5364: 5362: 5359: 5357: 5354: 5352: 5349: 5347: 5344: 5342: 5339: 5337: 5336:Night markets 5334: 5332: 5329: 5327: 5324: 5322: 5319: 5317: 5314: 5312: 5309: 5307: 5304: 5302: 5299: 5297: 5294: 5291: 5287: 5284: 5282: 5279: 5277: 5274: 5272: 5269: 5268: 5266: 5264: 5260: 5254: 5251: 5249: 5246: 5244: 5241: 5239: 5236: 5234: 5231: 5229: 5226: 5224: 5221: 5219: 5216: 5214: 5211: 5209: 5206: 5202: 5199: 5197: 5194: 5193: 5192: 5189: 5187: 5184: 5183: 5181: 5177: 5167: 5164: 5162: 5161:Sign Language 5159: 5155: 5154:Matsu dialect 5152: 5150: 5147: 5145: 5142: 5140: 5137: 5136: 5135: 5132: 5128: 5125: 5123: 5120: 5118: 5115: 5113: 5110: 5108: 5105: 5103: 5100: 5098: 5095: 5093: 5090: 5088: 5085: 5083: 5080: 5078: 5075: 5073: 5070: 5068: 5065: 5063: 5060: 5058: 5055: 5054: 5053: 5050: 5049: 5047: 5045: 5041: 5033: 5030: 5028: 5025: 5023: 5020: 5019: 5018: 5015: 5011: 5010:Ethnic groups 5008: 5007: 5006: 5003: 5001: 4998: 4997: 4995: 4993: 4989: 4986: 4982: 4976: 4973: 4971: 4968: 4965: 4961: 4958: 4956: 4953: 4951: 4948: 4947: 4945: 4943: 4939: 4932: 4929: 4926: 4923: 4920: 4919: 4915: 4911: 4901: 4898: 4896: 4893: 4891: 4888: 4886: 4883: 4881: 4878: 4876: 4873: 4871: 4868: 4866: 4863: 4861: 4858: 4856: 4853: 4851: 4848: 4846: 4843: 4841: 4838: 4836: 4833: 4831: 4828: 4826: 4820: 4818: 4815: 4811: 4808: 4806: 4803: 4802: 4801: 4798: 4794: 4791: 4789: 4788:List of banks 4786: 4785: 4784: 4781: 4779: 4776: 4772: 4769: 4767: 4764: 4763: 4762: 4759: 4758: 4756: 4754: 4750: 4744: 4741: 4739: 4736: 4734: 4731: 4729: 4726: 4724: 4721: 4719: 4716: 4714: 4711: 4709: 4706: 4704: 4701: 4699: 4696: 4694: 4691: 4689: 4686: 4684: 4681: 4679: 4676: 4674: 4671: 4669: 4666: 4665: 4663: 4659: 4653: 4650: 4648: 4645: 4641: 4638: 4636: 4633: 4631: 4628: 4627: 4626: 4623: 4622: 4620: 4617: 4612: 4606: 4603: 4601: 4598: 4594: 4591: 4589: 4586: 4584: 4581: 4580: 4579: 4576: 4574: 4571: 4567: 4564: 4563: 4562: 4559: 4557: 4554: 4552: 4549: 4547: 4544: 4540: 4537: 4536: 4535: 4532: 4530: 4527: 4523: 4520: 4519: 4518: 4515: 4513: 4512:Civil defense 4510: 4508: 4505: 4501: 4498: 4497: 4496: 4493: 4492: 4490: 4487: 4482: 4477: 4470: 4467: 4465: 4462: 4460: 4457: 4456: 4452: 4448: 4438: 4435: 4433: 4430: 4428: 4425: 4423: 4420: 4418: 4415: 4413: 4410: 4408: 4405: 4403: 4400: 4398: 4395: 4393: 4389: 4386: 4384: 4381: 4379: 4378:Deforestation 4376: 4374: 4371: 4369: 4366: 4364: 4361: 4360: 4358: 4354: 4347: 4344: 4343: 4339: 4335: 4323: 4320: 4318: 4315: 4313: 4310: 4308: 4307:Guanbi policy 4305: 4303: 4300: 4299: 4298: 4295: 4293: 4290: 4288: 4285: 4283: 4280: 4278: 4275: 4273: 4270: 4268: 4267:Dutch Formosa 4265: 4263: 4260: 4258: 4255: 4251: 4248: 4247: 4246: 4243: 4241: 4238: 4237: 4234: 4230: 4225: 4221: 4217: 4213: 4206: 4201: 4199: 4194: 4192: 4187: 4186: 4183: 4169:1945–present 4167: 4164: 4153: 4147: 4129: 4125: 4118: 4115: 4103: 4099: 4092: 4089: 4076: 4072: 4068: 4061: 4058: 4045: 4041: 4037: 4031: 4028: 4015: 4011: 4007: 4000: 3997: 3984: 3980: 3976: 3970: 3967: 3954: 3950: 3946: 3939: 3936: 3923: 3919: 3915: 3911: 3907: 3903: 3899: 3895: 3888: 3886: 3882: 3869: 3865: 3861: 3854: 3851: 3835: 3831: 3824: 3818: 3815: 3802: 3798: 3794: 3790: 3786: 3782: 3778: 3774: 3771:(July 1979). 3770: 3764: 3761: 3745: 3738: 3734: 3728: 3725: 3720: 3713: 3710: 3697: 3693: 3687: 3684: 3671: 3667: 3663: 3656: 3653: 3640: 3636: 3630: 3627: 3624: 3623: 3619: 3616: 3609: 3606: 3593: 3589: 3583: 3580: 3567: 3563: 3557: 3554: 3541: 3537: 3531: 3528: 3515: 3511: 3507: 3501: 3498: 3485: 3481: 3474: 3471: 3458: 3454: 3450: 3444: 3441: 3437: 3436:0-8157-1288-X 3433: 3427: 3424: 3420: 3419:1-85043-842-0 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Kinmen 1896: 1893:In 1987, the 1891: 1889: 1885: 1881: 1876: 1874: 1873:Taiwan Strait 1870: 1866: 1862: 1856: 1854: 1850: 1845: 1843: 1838: 1835: 1832: 1828: 1824: 1820: 1816: 1811: 1809: 1805: 1801: 1797: 1793: 1789: 1785: 1781: 1777: 1773: 1768: 1766: 1762: 1757: 1754: 1750: 1746: 1742: 1738: 1733: 1731: 1727: 1723: 1718: 1716: 1712: 1708: 1704: 1700: 1696: 1692: 1688: 1683: 1681: 1677: 1673: 1669: 1664: 1658: 1654: 1646: 1644: 1642: 1638: 1634: 1630: 1625: 1623: 1619: 1614: 1612: 1608: 1603: 1600: 1598: 1594: 1590: 1586: 1582: 1577: 1575: 1570: 1565: 1563: 1559: 1554: 1552: 1548: 1543: 1541: 1537: 1536:Shih Ming-teh 1533: 1529: 1525: 1521: 1518: 1514: 1510: 1506: 1502: 1501:United States 1498: 1494: 1490: 1486: 1481: 1479: 1474: 1470: 1466: 1462: 1454: 1450: 1446: 1442: 1440: 1435: 1434:Taiwan Strait 1431: 1423: 1421: 1417: 1416:the attempt. 1414: 1409: 1407: 1403: 1399: 1395: 1390: 1388: 1383: 1381: 1376: 1371: 1367: 1363: 1359: 1356: 1350: 1348: 1342: 1338: 1336: 1332: 1328: 1324: 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