3675:
rule on violations of election rules (e.g. administrative errors, vote-buying, etc.). Any ethical violations committed by either
Bawaslu or the KPU were to be handled by the Elections Organiser Honours Council (DKPP), which consists of one member from each body and five others recommended by the government. The same system and regulations are expected to be applied in 2024. Voters will be given three ballot papers: one for the presidential candidates and their running mate, one for the Regional Representative Council (DPD) and one for House of Representatives. Voters use a nail to poke a hole in the ballot paper indicating which party or candidate they wish to vote for, and then dip their fingers in ink as a precaution against voter fraud.
669:
British qualifications, and this is another example. There is no way at all that an AS-level is equivalent to level B2. Most tests, like Norsk III, the NT2 Statsexamen (NL) and the SWEDEX one takes to demonstrate proficiency are at level B2, and at least anyone I know with an AS in language or indeed the full A-Level, or A2 or whatever they call them these days, would have been able to pass those kinds of tests... I think someone that showed particular interest, and scored an A in their A2 might have a chance at it, but even that would not be a sure thing. I cannot back that up, but I am not "unqualified" not least because I have done tests like those myself.
790:
maximum level of B1, then one's first year would be effectively plain sailing, on the condition that one had good results from one's A-Levels, in say, French, German, and some other subject. Unlike other
European countries, Britain sees fit to award degrees the first year of which is essentially trivial in difficulty, at least when the right A-Levels have been studied (which is generally a requirement). Because, according to the OU, the A2 level, and B1 level courses are a half-semester (30 uk credits, 15 ECTS credits ) each, two languages means one year.
138:
128:
110:
1793:
tendency to do a lot of reading, which is good of course, but tends to widen this passive/active gap and thereby any feelings of frustration. Another qualitative difference is that levels A1, A2 can be mastered via the classic classroom approach, whereas B1, B2 require a more informal classroom approach combined with intensive self-study. Finally C1, C2 can only be attained by speaking to the natives for many hundreds of hours, sounding like a complete idiot for most of that time.
307:
241:
3093:
semiliterate
Americans, what percentage of Americans would be level B1 or B2 in English, their mother tongue? What percentage would be C2 in English? Are native speakers reaching C2 in some languages more common by percentage of population than native speakers reaching C2 in other languages? Are there any populations speaking their native language who don't have very many people reaching C2?
721:"This course will enable you to reach a level of language proficiency comparable to GCSE level (grades A*–C), Scottish standard Grades 1 and 2, and Council of Europe level A2 (see Common European Framework of Reference for Languages for further details). In all other respects – for example, cultural awareness and analytical skills – you will be working towards Level 1 undergraduate outcomes."
231:
204:
79:
21:
3135:"Level C2, whilst it has been termed ‘Mastery’, is not intended to imply native-speaker or near native-speaker competence. What is intended is to characterise the degree of precision, appropriateness and ease with the language which typifies the speech of those who have been highly successful learners."
3674:
The previous election was regulated by Law No. 7 of 2017. The
General Elections Commission (KPU), a legally independent government body was responsible for organizing the election. In addition, the vote is monitored by the General Election Supervisory Agency (Bawaslu), which also has the authority to
3638:
As a programmer with 30 years of experience, who has taught others… that is, at best, ridiculous, and at worst, actively malevolent abuse of the framework. None of the listed criteria (e.g. for C2) can be applied in to programming in a way that isn’t either useless for determining programming skills,
3308:
Because two thirds of the JLPT is reading comprehension, an overall A2 level learner from China or Taiwan is more likely than not to pass N2 and has a fair chance of passing N1. In contrast, if your native language doesn't use Kanji, you might pass N3 as an overall A2, but are probably better of with
1812:
Has anyone considered doing a crosswalk between CEFL and the NATO Standardized
Agreement (STANAG) 6001 "Language Proficiency Levels"? As both frameworks are heavily oriented on Europe and apply across most European countries, establishing equivalencies between the two systems should be useful. STANAG
680:
Can understand sentences and frequently used expressions related to areas of most immediate relevance (e.g. very basic personal and family information, shopping, local geography, employment). Can communicate in simple and routine tasks requiring a simple and direct exchange of information on familiar
490:
The london
Chamber of Commerce and Industry is doing a similar examination. I've done "English for Business - Level 3" and now I have a certificate that allows me to study on every english-speaking university without additional language-testing. I was said that Level 3 of the LCCI was similar to CEFR
3670:
General elections are scheduled to be held in
Indonesia on 14 February 2024 to elect the President, Vice President, People's Consultative Assembly (MPR) which consists of the House of Representatives (DPR) and the Senate (DPD). The newly elected members of the MPR will be sworn in on 1 October 2024,
3525:
Hello, I don't understand, how could anybody have C2 in any language. I am studying PHD in chemistry. I don't understand many of the concepts I study (regardless on the language used). How could anybody "understand virtually any concept", without hunderds of years of studying of all science fields?
1847:
It looks like someone did, but I am very suspicious of the results. It lists N1 as being equivalent to a C1, but I know from experience that the test is even more advanced than the old "1kyu" level, which contained grammar and vocabulary that even native
Japanese speakers sometimes had trouble with.
756:
It appears my changes have been reversed without countering the above discussion about why the changes were made. Simple statements contradicting these discussions won't do I feel, especially as the practical evidence simply doesn't support the claim that an A-Level (at any grade!) Means fluency, as
730:
In commentary, I have not critically evaluated the above, and personally I think it remains optimistic in practice if anything, however given that the OU is a reputable institution, and that the previous reference number 12 seems to no longer exist, I propose that the equivalences be modified at the
687:
As it is written in this same article. I can tell you, certain-sure, that while one might have described MY French this way, when I had finished my GCSEs, one would already have been generous. The idea that the ones AIMING at a grade "D" at GCSE could be described this way, in my view (especially in
1893:
1. ISE 0 to read ISE Foundation - 2. SEW 1 to read SEW B1 - 3. SEW 2 to read SEW B2 - 4. SEW 3 to read SEW B2+ - 5. SEW 4 to read SEW C1 - 6. The three
Trinity exams (ISE, GESE, SEW) that currently share one row in the table could be separated into three rows, each with its respective citation
1772:
I am a little puzzled about the usage of levels that do not distinguish between reading, listening, and speaking. For example, I read well French and
Spanish, but even if I have a medium proficiency in listening, I am quite bad in speaking them. I think that we should AT LEAT distinguish between: -
793:
B1 to B2 progression, takes six months. If we assume A-Levels are B2 level, then we are saying that effectively only ONE year of studying beyond A-Level (not two) allows one to claim a degree in languages from a reputable institution in the UK. This is beyond even the UK's abiltity to award degrees
3299:
A large portion of the 69 A2 rated N2 takers were people whose native language uses Kanji. Of the 65 A2 rated N3 takers, only a small portion were people whose native language uses Kanji. In fact, the difference in "portion of people whose native language uses Kanji" is the highest overall between
668:
I do not have a reference with which to back this up, but I have spent ten years living abroad since I was 18, and did pass my GCSE French with a grade A, back in the day. Having studied abroad I also realise the shocking tendency the UK has to consistently hugely overestimate the actual level of
3589:
It makes absolutely no sense. - For Spanish there is Instituto Cervantes, that's it, anything else is irrelevant. - For Italian there is cert.it by Roma Tre which is not on the page (along with CELI, CILS and PLIDA), it is not big but it is real, as opposed to Speexx Language Assessment Center.
3500:
One limitation that has already been addressed by the Council of Europe is the unnecessary focus on the individual user, rather than co-operatve production of meaning - above all in what language experts call mediation. We either need a section on the 2018 Companion volume,which has already sent
3092:
Hey- I think something we really need to see on this page is a discussion about the linguistic ability of native speakers. For instance, some native speakers can't write their language- does that mean they can't achieve C1 in their own language? If we took a look at the population of literate or
2248:
1. Although the hours it takes to learn E, F, & D are sourced, they are simplistic. For example, a Dutch speaker can learn English much faster than a Hungarian or Finnish speaker, to say nothing of a Japanese speaker. 2. The hours given are cumulative. That should be explicitly stated. 3.
612:
If you look up NVQ you will find the approximate academic qualifications according to the LSE (look up LSE if you don't know what that means). The NVQ page is the correct place for this information, not on every single other page that mentions NVQs. If you don't understand something, look it up.
460:
Why you didn't put the DELF/DALF in the frame? It is the principal French language certificate. (Diplôme d’Etudes en Langue Française DELF / A1 Diplôme d’Etudes en Langue Française DELF / A2 Diplôme d’Etudes en Langue Française DELF / B1 Diplôme d’Etudes en Langue Française DELF / B2 Diplôme
3609:
I believe it would be of public value to also include a comparison of CEFRL to ICAO Levels for the English language (the ICAO scale is used for international pilots and air traffic controllers English assesment). I tried to look such a comparison up on the Internet, however to no avail, none is
3181:
I agree that there should be something about native speakers. Besides, the scale can be used as a measure for the difficulty of written publications. Dutch civil servants are being stimulated to use this scale to judge if their own writing is comprehensible for the general public or individual
1792:
Speaking takes a special place. It is at once the most natural way for humans to produce language and the most pressing need (asking for directions versus reading the masterworks of literature), but also the last thing a learner will be able to perfect. Also, ambitious language learners have a
869:
Luckily, no one added any information to the duplicate table, so fixing this problem doesn't require any work to transfer any data from one table to the other. Some people did do the work of translating the French words of the dumped-in table to English, unfortunately, they were translating a
789:
At the Open University, an accredited and high ranking UK institution, one is expected to be able to get a B.A. in modern languages by attaining level C1 proficiency in two foreign languages, in principle from a "standing start". If we assume, as the OU says, that A-Level qualifications give a
865:
Having two large tables with the same data is a recipe for problems. Editors will update and expand one or the other, but rarely both, so we'll end up with a mess. The point of a table is to facilitate comparisons, but if the data is in two separate tables, this can't be done.
3111:"Yes, C2 is considered fluent, most probably more fluent than some of their less educated native speakers. In fact, B2 is the required level to enter a university, and C1-C2 levels are for specialized use (e.g., in the professional world, advanced literature)."
3096:
On a related note, I would definitely love to see research on the SAT's Reading and Writing sections and how scores on those tests correspond to CEFR levels. Same with the PSC test in Mainland China- what CEFR level corresponds to Level 3B or Level 1A?
3294:
This makes, at first glance, obviously no sense. N2 is harder than N3 and N4, but for these 221 survey subjects (that were rated CEFR A2 and took one of N2, N3, N4) N2 shows the highest passing rate. A possible explanation is given in , section 4.4 ②:
1683:
The Public Service of Canada "A, B, C" system may not be correctly represented in the table. I could not find a reference to the actual equivalencies in the links cited. But there is a PowerPoint on-line that has different "estimated equivalencies".
1894:
number, rather than three together with three citations. This would also be clearer as the column heading is 'Certificate' (not 'Organisation'). 7. All references to GESE grades should contain the word ‘Grade’ – eg ‘GESE Grade 2’ not 'GESE 2'. eg
818:
It seems to have been missed that the table on the Cambridge English website equates the *difficulty* of obtaining their C2 qualification with the difficulty of an A-Level. It does not claim that getting an A-Level indicates C2-level proficiency.
590:
I have no idea what NVQ level means, but do understand what GCSE, AS and A level all mean I have tried searching the web but can't find anything to show how CEFR relates to these equivalent qualifications Please can someone add this to the table?
377:
Unicert has already existed before CEF. This mapping is important for people who want to compare old UniCert certificates to CEF certificates and to people who want to enroll for a CEF-based language class but already got a UniCert certificate. --
1701:
The report by Vandergrift is clear on this. See Appendix C of that report. I've reverted the change. You can include a sourced, separate table, but you can't present your equivalencies as being taken from the report by Vandergrift.
1600:
The direct comparison between the new HSK test and Chinese Language Proficiency Scales for Speakers of Other Languages and The Common European Framework Reference for Language, CEF) is as follows: HSK- Level 6 C2 HSK- Level 1
3501:
major waves through the leanguage teaching/testing world, or a separate article on it. (Surprisingly, Knowledge (XXG) doesn't even have an article on Mediation in the linguistics/language learning sense - that would help too.)
1848:
A test of Shakespearian English would certainly not fall into the C1 category, and I suspect the same to hold true with the JLPT. Can't investigate where they got their information, though, since there's no citation listed.
628:
Someone has decided that mastery in european languages (C2) is equivalent to an AS level (Level 3 NVQ). This is clearly wrong as most foreign language students on their year abroad have only reached B2 or C1 level at best.
3671:
while the elected President and Vice President will be sworn in on 20 October 2024. Incumbent President Joko Widodo is ineligible to run for a third term due to the term limits established by the Indonesian constitution.
419:
How do you feel about creating a new page "Proficiency"? I would like to be able to compare different ideas of language proficience, as they vary between European, US, and other standards, and do not feel that either the
362:
Is there any other connection between UniCert and the CEF apart from the fact that UniCert is based on the framework? If not, is there any reason to mention UniCert particularly in this article, apart from in the table?
398:
At the top of the entry on CEFR, we read, "Its main aim is to provide a method of learning", which is not true. The CEFR promotes, recommends, advocates no method of teaching or study at all. It is method neutral.
3496:
Way back in 2008 someone asked here about criticism, and unfortunately this was never followed up on. It would be nice if some of the difficulties, limitations and problems arising were looked at in a section.
2030:
This section appears to exist for the sole purpose of referencing an online handout expressing a private idea. Very creative for sure, but I doubt that it should be referenced from a Knowledge (XXG) page.
757:
it clearly does not, while level B2 does seem to imply basic fluency. Given the credible reference I provided, where even a UK institution admits that A-Level is B1 level, I feel this has to be answered.
60:. If you find that such action has not been taken promptly, please consider assisting in the merger instead of re-nominating the article for deletion. To discuss the merger, please use this talk page.
1794:
3552:
The wording of notional levels is poetry. Actual C2 levels are high, often higher than most native speakers in some dimensions, and much lower in others (such as the language of the street.)
884:
user or anyone else with good text manipulation skills in the audience, it would be helpful if they would convert the wide format table that is currently in the article to the long format.
3652:
3567:
41:
1210:
339:
The Frencha aliance offers now 6 exams based in this framework (b1, b2, etc...) although the ones mentioned in this page are still availabe. I think they should be included. ____
3504:
Perhaps, rather than a section on the 2018 companion volume, it would be enough to have a new section of the CEFR article called "Legacy and continuing developments" or similar?
2986:
2876:
2756:
2622:
2431:
2272:
2076:
421:
56:
3610:
available here in the major language versions of this article either. There are 6 or 7 ICAO language levels, the threshold is Level 4 (minimum for international operations).
688:
the spoken language) is pretty far-fetched, no matter what we WISH were the case. Does anyone actually disagree with me in this, forgetting for a second the wishful thinking?
1867:—I don't know how you could say this. I passed the JLPT Level 1 in 2008, and I encountered nothing I could imagine a native Japanese high school student struggling with.
3034:
3030:
3016:
2924:
2920:
2906:
2814:
2810:
2796:
2694:
2690:
2676:
2560:
2556:
2542:
2350:
2346:
2332:
2144:
2140:
2126:
3728:
674:
This table suggests that if I went to into the lowest "set" for French at a local comprehensive, the kids in there would be able to speak French, at level A2, that is:
3002:
1025:
297:
345:
Can someone explain it to mean. Additionally is there any international accepted german language test, like the american Toefl, or british Cambridge certificate.
3723:
1148:
3718:
3114:
287:
3264:
For the report of this survey the JF, again, provides a summary page with part of the findings and this time even an English version of the summary page .
2488:
316:
214:
3703:
180:
186:
3586:
In the table of bodies that assess language levels, for several languages, a company called "Speexx Language Assessment Center" has added themselves.
1764:
This is hard to read, and frankly quite ugly. The table clearly needs to be rotated code-wise to be horizontal instead. 03:28, 27 September 2012 (UTC)
3733:
1477:
3641:
Programming is not communication. It is engineering. Applying the CEFL to it makes as much sense as applying it to the ability to construct of a car.
263:
1363:
1081:
505:
I noticed that there is not a paragraph about any criticism. Has the CERFL ever been criticized in some way or other that deserves to be mentioned?
3163:
where some parents had refused to speak the language with their children, and many only have a knowledge of the oral component of the language?
2408:
What does "... is the margin" mean with respect to IELTS. I am a college-educated native speaker of English, and this pretty much baffles me.
2298:
2288:
1788:
The table does make these distinctions, and if you look closely it acknowledges that passive proficiency is always ahead of active proficiency.
1637:
681:
and routine matters. Can describe in simple terms aspects of his/her background, immediate environment and matters in areas of immediate need.
3713:
3649:
We need someone to look at this section of the article with a sharp eye and experience in weeding out pseudo-science or business esotericism.
1638:
Euskara - Eusko Jaurlaritza - Euskadi.net - Euskara tituluak: EGA, EGAtik beherako agiriak, Hizkuntza-eskola ofizialak, hizkuntza eskakizunak
1307:
1113:
1053:
3708:
2054:
1849:
772:
598:
525:
471:
2226:
Following up on the above thread: perhaps tests should be included in the table only when they've been developed in compliance with CEFR?
254:
209:
3676:
3159:
What is the percentage of native speakers that reach C2 level in a language losing speakers to competing languages like in the case of
1703:
614:
379:
1817:. I've tested across half a dozen languages against STANAG 6001 but CEFL is new to me, so I'm not the one to try to do it. Any takers?
2892:
2201:
1291:
826:
442:
1798:
1335:
33:
3012:
When you have finished reviewing my changes, you may follow the instructions on the template below to fix any issues with the URLs.
2902:
When you have finished reviewing my changes, you may follow the instructions on the template below to fix any issues with the URLs.
2792:
When you have finished reviewing my changes, you may follow the instructions on the template below to fix any issues with the URLs.
2672:
When you have finished reviewing my changes, you may follow the instructions on the template below to fix any issues with the URLs.
2538:
When you have finished reviewing my changes, you may follow the instructions on the template below to fix any issues with the URLs.
2409:
1417:
636:
3656:
3571:
3003:
https://web.archive.org/web/20150729063810/http://www.cambridgeenglish.org/why-cambridge-english/international-language-standards/
3698:
3616:
3138:
2104:
1913:
2454:
2450:
1564:
1548:
1239:
1107:
2478:
1272:
1262:
151:
115:
90:
731:
very least to show that GCSE higher tier is A2 rather than this being foundation tier, and that AS level is at most B1 level.
3613:
While I'm unable to produce this "mapping", I hope there would be editors who could include this in the article over time.
2652:
3684:
3660:
3624:
3599:
3575:
3561:
3545:
3515:
3486:
3321:
3191:
3172:
3168:
3151:
3147:
3127:
3123:
3115:
https://www.quora.com/Is-the-C2-level-of-the-CEFR-scale-equal-or-closer-to-the-fluency-level-of-the-native-speaker?share=1
3106:
3102:
3082:
3006:
2972:
2862:
2782:
2742:
2662:
2608:
2417:
2398:
2258:
2238:
2216:
2190:
2062:
2040:
2020:
1879:
1857:
1826:
1802:
1782:
1754:
1711:
1695:
893:
834:
811:
780:
659:
644:
622:
606:
580:
552:
533:
514:
495:
479:
449:
435:
408:
387:
371:
352:
2489:
https://web.archive.org/web/20110828170914/http://www.cilt.org.uk/home/standards_and_qualifications/languages_ladder.aspx
1300:
3077:
2967:
2857:
2737:
2646:
2603:
2393:
1101:
425:
3280:
Looking at the graph presented in (also and page 8 in ), we can see, that participants deemed to be CEFR A2, passed:
1549:"Positionnement des tests TOEIC® et TOEIC® BridgeTM sur le Cadre Européen Commun de Référence pour les Langues (CECRL)"
873:
I've moved the French table (now translated to English) to here (below). If anyone has a use for it, do remember that
650:
This appears to have been copied incorrectly from the given reference, and I've now updated the article to reflect it.
37:
2204:, but this is misleading in that (a) it's unsourced; and (b) there are no speaking or writing components on the JLPT.
1445:
2498:
3298:"(A2、N2)の調査対象者では、海外の大学で日本語を主専攻として学ぶ漢字圏母語話者の学習者比率が高かった。一方、(A2、N3)の調査対象者ではそのような学習者の比率は低く、その差は全セル間で最大であった。" -: -->
1120:
3541:
2492:
2016:
940:
935:
3566:
It is implied to be followed with “, when it is explained to him”. Having common sense is a clear advantage. ^^
3222:
cited a one page summary of a report for a small trial survey conducted by the Japan Foundation (JF) in 2012.
3033:
to delete these "External links modified" talk page sections if they want to de-clutter talk pages, but see the
2923:
to delete these "External links modified" talk page sections if they want to de-clutter talk pages, but see the
2813:
to delete these "External links modified" talk page sections if they want to de-clutter talk pages, but see the
2693:
to delete these "External links modified" talk page sections if they want to de-clutter talk pages, but see the
2559:
to delete these "External links modified" talk page sections if they want to de-clutter talk pages, but see the
2349:
to delete these "External links modified" talk page sections if they want to de-clutter talk pages, but see the
2143:
to delete these "External links modified" talk page sections if they want to de-clutter talk pages, but see the
1691:
3482:
3164:
3143:
3119:
3098:
2522:
2058:
1813:
6001 has been around for decades so is a well-established benchmark for language testing. Latest version is at
1095:
874:
856:
602:
475:
63:
1853:
776:
529:
96:
3680:
1814:
950:
618:
383:
3068:
2994:
2958:
2884:
2848:
2764:
2728:
2630:
2594:
2439:
2384:
2299:
https://web.archive.org/web/20150926135105/http://www.lnu.edu.ua:80/test-dpt/index.php?lang=ua&id=levels
2289:
https://web.archive.org/web/20130921060148/http://www.xunta.es/linguagalega/arquivos/ORDE_CELGA_30.07.07.pdf
2280:
2011:). Since Hanban apparently does not uphold its original claims, the German (and French) estimates remain. --
1707:
967:
830:
801:
762:
744:
697:
3529:
2772:
2413:
1901:
1687:
822:
807:
768:
640:
632:
594:
467:
3620:
3317:
2990:
2880:
2760:
2233:
2211:
1909:
1874:
368:
3478:
349:
3511:
3052:
If you have discovered URLs which were erroneously considered dead by the bot, you can report them with
3040:
2942:
If you have discovered URLs which were erroneously considered dead by the bot, you can report them with
2930:
2832:
If you have discovered URLs which were erroneously considered dead by the bot, you can report them with
2820:
2712:
If you have discovered URLs which were erroneously considered dead by the bot, you can report them with
2700:
2578:
If you have discovered URLs which were erroneously considered dead by the bot, you can report them with
2566:
2368:
If you have discovered URLs which were erroneously considered dead by the bot, you can report them with
2356:
2182:
2162:
If you have discovered URLs which were erroneously considered dead by the bot, you can report them with
2150:
2004:
1778:
841:
262:
on Knowledge (XXG). If you would like to participate, please visit the project page, where you can join
28:
2993:. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit
2883:. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit
2763:. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit
2629:. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit
2438:. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit
2279:. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit
1282:
1243:
510:
3595:
3557:
2323:
2012:
1905:
2292:
1865:
which contained grammar and vocabulary that even native Japanese speakers sometimes had trouble with
78:
51:
2893:
https://web.archive.org/web/20111205075639/http://www.cambridgeesol.org/about/standards/can-do.html
655:
576:
445:), it makes sense to keep the discussion on one page. Looks like it's off to ACTFL for this thread.
3202:
This is to provide some extra information on the removal of JLPT one-to-one equivalence from the
2640:
2532:
2510:
2466:
2302:
2254:
1841:
1822:
1626:
945:
927:
852:
This article has a table with comparisons of equivalence between the CEFR and other certificats.
797:
758:
740:
693:
548:
506:
492:
246:
3037:
before doing mass systematic removals. This message is updated dynamically through the template
2927:
before doing mass systematic removals. This message is updated dynamically through the template
2817:
before doing mass systematic removals. This message is updated dynamically through the template
2697:
before doing mass systematic removals. This message is updated dynamically through the template
2563:
before doing mass systematic removals. This message is updated dynamically through the template
2353:
before doing mass systematic removals. This message is updated dynamically through the template
2147:
before doing mass systematic removals. This message is updated dynamically through the template
3250:
Based on above trial survey, the JF conducted a larger survey with the following key figures:
3053:
2943:
2833:
2713:
2579:
2369:
2163:
3450:
3160:
3139:
http://www.delfdalf.fr/level-c2-cefr-common-european-framework-of-reference-for-languages.html
2227:
2205:
2105:
https://web.archive.org/20060313041051/http://www.babylonia-ti.ch:80/BABY205/PDF/tschirner.pdf
2086:
1868:
1176:
364:
2455:
https://web.archive.org/web/20110725045524/http://www.bcatml.org/Vandergrift-CEFRinCanada.pdf
2451:
https://web.archive.org/web/20110905043513/http://www.bcatml.org/Vandergrift-CEFRinCanada.pdf
1565:
http://www.fr.toeic.eu/fileadmin/free_resources/French%20website/Etude_CECR_TOEIC_06_-_FR.pdf
713:
461:
Approfondi de Langue Française DALF / C1 Diplôme Approfondi de Langue Française DALF / C2 )
3507:
3132:
Here's an opinion from the opposite side, which takes the view that C2 is still sub-native:
2482:
2178:
1774:
1750:
889:
404:
127:
109:
3339:
3060:
2950:
2896:
2840:
2720:
2586:
2479:
https://archive.is/20130101030537/http://secure.vec.bc.ca/toefl-equivalency-table.cfm/TOEFL
2376:
2170:
3591:
3553:
3313:
3187:
2094:
2036:
1576:
1450:
German, English, Arabic, Breton, Mandarin, Spanish, Italian, Occitan, Portuguese, Russian,
1890:
Suggested corrections and clarification to the 'Rest of the world' section of this page:
1588:
2653:
https://web.archive.org/web/20140513200217/http://www.britishcouncil.org/slide_cef_b.pdf
3019:, "External links modified" talk page sections are no longer generated or monitored by
3007:
http://www.cambridgeenglish.org/why-cambridge-english/international-language-standards/
2909:, "External links modified" talk page sections are no longer generated or monitored by
2799:, "External links modified" talk page sections are no longer generated or monitored by
2783:
https://web.archive.org/web/20150730223125/http://www.certyfikatpolski.pl/pl/oegzaminie
2679:, "External links modified" talk page sections are no longer generated or monitored by
2663:
https://web.archive.org/web/20130226082623/http://www.cnavt.org/files/alg.folder_EN.pdf
2545:, "External links modified" talk page sections are no longer generated or monitored by
2335:, "External links modified" talk page sections are no longer generated or monitored by
2129:, "External links modified" talk page sections are no longer generated or monitored by
2108:
1612:
1045:
945+ pts corresponds to C1, except for written comprehension, which corresponds to B2)
651:
572:
3059:
If you found an error with any archives or the URLs themselves, you can fix them with
3026:
2949:
If you found an error with any archives or the URLs themselves, you can fix them with
2916:
2839:
If you found an error with any archives or the URLs themselves, you can fix them with
2806:
2719:
If you found an error with any archives or the URLs themselves, you can fix them with
2686:
2585:
If you found an error with any archives or the URLs themselves, you can fix them with
2552:
2516:
2375:
If you found an error with any archives or the URLs themselves, you can fix them with
2342:
2169:
If you found an error with any archives or the URLs themselves, you can fix them with
2136:
306:
62:
Do not remove this template after completing the merger. A bot will replace it with {{
3692:
3537:
2647:
http://www.aucp.org/sous_pages/aix/Students_Aix_docs/TEF_Levels_and_Equivalencies.pdf
2458:
2250:
1837:
1818:
544:
446:
432:
143:
3643:
The whole thing sounds more like a business consultant firm came up with it to scam
3419:
3392:
3273:
there is a "moderate relation between JFS-based evaluation and JLPT pass or fail"
2443:
1668:
1664:
1660:
1656:
1652:
1648:
996:
1722:
According to all websites of testing centres, universities, immigration services:
2499:
https://web.archive.org/web/20120614155552/http://ww3.fl.ul.pt/caple/default.aspx
786:
Having inspected other references I will add the following defence of the above:
3363:
2656:
1746:
963:
885:
400:
259:
2786:
2666:
844:
explicitly states that they AS-Levels and A-Levels are not mapped to the CEFR.
240:
3644:
3183:
3025:. No special action is required regarding these talk page notices, other than
2915:. No special action is required regarding these talk page notices, other than
2805:. No special action is required regarding these talk page notices, other than
2685:. No special action is required regarding these talk page notices, other than
2551:. No special action is required regarding these talk page notices, other than
2493:
http://www.cilt.org.uk/home/standards_and_qualifications/languages_ladder.aspx
2341:. No special action is required regarding these talk page notices, other than
2135:. No special action is required regarding these talk page notices, other than
2032:
1988:
1977:
1966:
1955:
1944:
1933:
236:
133:
794:
easily, and I see it as proof that the A-Level=B2 hypothesis is discredited.
2523:
https://web.archive.org/web/20121221020915/http://trki.org/tkri-overview.php
3451:"Relation between JFS-based evaluation and JLPT pass or fail determination"
2053:
Why does this link Frantastique Certification lead to a page on Gymglish?
1815:
http://www.ncia.nato.int/Opportunities/BizOppRefDoc/Stanag_6001_vers_4.pdf
862:
Someone recently copied the fr.w.o table and dumped it into this article.
3533:
2502:
3235:
that took the JLPT during the time of aforementioned language course(s)
2773:
https://web.archive.org/web/20140714160512/http://eaquals.org/pages/7110
2091:
after the link to keep me from modifying it. Alternatively, you can add
3276:"One-to-one correspondence between particular levels was not observed"
1505:
2249:
There is an unexplained reference to two subdivisions (2.1 & 2.2).
230:
203:
880:
Note: The long format is better than the wide format. If there's an
543:) and some others, but the Gothe exams are the most admitted ones. --
156:
3364:"JF日本語教育スタンダードに基づいたパフォーマンス評価と日本語能力試験の合否判定との関係 国際交流基金研修参加者を対象とした試行調査"
3340:"JF日本語教育スタンダードに基づいたパフォーマンス評価と日本語能力試験の合否判定との関係 国際交流基金研修参加者を対象とした試行調査"
2526:
491:
C1. I'm just not able to find any sources. Maybe somebody can help.
2472:
1745:
While there no other references these are supposed to be correct.--
840:
I updated the page with a reliable source for GCSE grades, but the
2099:
to keep me off the page altogether. I made the following changes:
881:
568:
2293:
http://www.xunta.es/linguagalega/arquivos/ORDE_CELGA_30.07.07.pdf
1613:
Los Diplomas de Español como Lengua Extranjera (DELE):Descripción
2776:
1296:
1287:
1278:
1268:
1258:
1252:
1206:
3246:
none of the participants were Chinese or Korean native speakers
1897:
Mark Hunter - Trinity College London 13:13, 1 July 2015 (UTC)
2533:
http://www.lnu.edu.ua/test-dpt/index.php?lang=ua&id=levels
2303:
http://www.lnu.edu.ua/test-dpt/index.php?lang=ua&id=levels
72:
15:
848:
Copying equivalence table from fr.wikipedia.org was a mistake
342:
what does the asteriks behind the german language test mean?
2308:
When you have finished reviewing my changes, please set the
2114:
When you have finished reviewing my changes, please set the
567:
scores exceding current top scale scores are mentioned (see
305:
2005:
Hanyu Shuiping Kaoshi # Estimates of equivalent CEFR levels
1773:
reading - listening/understanding - speaking/writing IMHO--
1098:, BEC Business English Certificate Preliminary (Cambridge)
441:
Actually, as I am asking around in other discussion pages (
155:, an effort to build a comprehensive and detailed guide to
2997:
for additional information. I made the following changes:
2887:
for additional information. I made the following changes:
2767:
for additional information. I made the following changes:
2633:
for additional information. I made the following changes:
2442:
for additional information. I made the following changes:
2283:
for additional information. I made the following changes:
714:
http://www3.open.ac.uk/study/undergraduate/course/l192.htm
539:
There are also the test of the Austrian Language Diploma (
2483:
http://secure.vec.bc.ca/toefl-equivalency-table.cfm/TOEFL
870:
duplicate, so there's nothing to salvage from that work.
2897:
http://www.cambridgeesol.org/about/standards/can-do.html
2075:
I have just added archive links to one external link on
1104:, BEC Business English Certificate, Vantage (Cambridge)
430:(Note: I am cross-posting this to both discussion pages)
3219:
2626:
2435:
2276:
2080:
2008:
1110:, BEC Business English Certificate, Higher (Cambridge)
1026:
TOEIC (Test Of English for International Communication)
877:
might have been updated since this snapshot was taken.
1211:
Helduen Alfabetatze eta Berreuskalduntzerako Erakundea
3445:
3443:
3441:
3439:
2987:
Common European Framework of Reference for Languages
2877:
Common European Framework of Reference for Languages
2757:
Common European Framework of Reference for Languages
2623:
Common European Framework of Reference for Languages
2432:
Common European Framework of Reference for Languages
2273:
Common European Framework of Reference for Languages
2109:
http://www.babylonia-ti.ch/BABY205/PDF/tschirner.pdf
2077:
Common European Framework of Reference for Languages
422:
Common European Framework of Reference for Languages
258:, a collaborative effort to improve the coverage of
57:
Common European Framework of Reference for Languages
3029:using the archive tool instructions below. Editors
2919:using the archive tool instructions below. Editors
2809:using the archive tool instructions below. Editors
2689:using the archive tool instructions below. Editors
2555:using the archive tool instructions below. Editors
2517:
http://celpebras.inep.gov.br/inscricao/default.aspx
2345:using the archive tool instructions below. Editors
2139:using the archive tool instructions below. Editors
159:
topics of a cross-border nature on Knowledge (XXG).
3414:
3412:
2459:http://www.bcatml.org/Vandergrift-CEFRinCanada.pdf
855:The corresponding article on fr.wikipedia.org has
185:This article has not yet received a rating on the
3232:that participated in a JF language course in 2011
2444:https://www.luenglish.co.uk/learn-english-online/
3492:Mediation - the New Companion Volume from 2018.
3387:
3385:
3383:
2200:The table gives the A1–C1 equivalencies of the
3015:This message was posted before February 2018.
2905:This message was posted before February 2018.
2795:This message was posted before February 2018.
2675:This message was posted before February 2018.
2541:This message was posted before February 2018.
2331:This message was posted before February 2018.
2125:This message was posted before February 2018.
3639:or has nothing to do with the CEFL anymore. …
3393:"JF日本語教育スタンダードに基づいた評価と日本語能力試験の合否判定との関係 最終報告書"
2657:http://www.britishcouncil.org/slide_cef_b.pdf
1054:TOEFL (Test Of English as a Foreign Language)
8:
3268:2. According the newer, more reliable source
2787:http://www.certyfikatpolski.pl/pl/oegzaminie
2667:http://www.cnavt.org/files/alg.folder_EN.pdf
2196:Validity of Japanese equivalencies in table?
464:International Baccalaureate? anyone knows?
1989:http://www.trinitycollege.com/site/?id=3106
1978:http://www.trinitycollege.com/site/?id=1521
1967:http://www.trinitycollege.com/site/?id=1521
1956:http://www.trinitycollege.com/site/?id=1521
1945:http://www.trinitycollege.com/site/?id=1521
1934:http://www.trinitycollege.com/site/?id=3193
2985:I have just modified one external link on
2875:I have just modified one external link on
820:
198:
104:
3582:Spam by Speexx Language Assessment Center
3210:1. There is a newer, more reliable source
2755:I have just modified 2 external links on
2621:I have just modified 2 external links on
2430:I have just modified 6 external links on
2271:I have just modified 2 external links on
3647:into paying money for a “certification”.
3257:that took the JLPT between 2013 and 2016
1039:TOEIC 550+ pts et TOEIC Bridge 170+ pts
897:
3729:Applied Linguistics Task Force articles
3420:"JF日本語教育スタンダードに基づいた評価と日本語能力試験の合否判定との関係"
3331:
1926:
1539:
272:Knowledge (XXG):WikiProject Linguistics
200:
106:
76:
3198:Removal of JLPT one-to-one equivalence
2503:http://ww3.fl.ul.pt/caple/default.aspx
2320:to let others know (documentation at
1795:2A01:CB0C:CD:D800:58A9:2815:19B4:F531
335:The French aliance offers now 6 exams
7:
3724:C-Class applied linguistics articles
1547:Educational Testing Service (2007).
252:This article is within the scope of
149:This article is within the scope of
3719:Mid-importance Linguistics articles
3653:2A0A:A546:CA8C:1:4799:23C7:AFCC:D39
3568:2A0A:A546:CA8C:1:4799:23C7:AFCC:D39
3369:. The Japan Foundation. August 2012
3345:. The Japan Foundation. August 2012
2404:What does "... is the margin" mean?
95:It is of interest to the following
3704:Unknown-importance Europe articles
3456:. The Japan Foundation. April 2017
3425:. The Japan Foundation. April 2017
3398:. The Japan Foundation. April 2017
3290:JLPT N4 with a likelyhood of 60.9%
3287:JLPT N3 with a likelyhood of 44.6%
3284:JLPT N2 with a likelyhood of 65.2%
2202:Japanese Language Proficiency Test
1836:How about adding JLPT equivalents?
443:Japanese Language Proficiency Test
165:Knowledge (XXG):WikiProject Europe
14:
3477:No sign language is added yet. --
3225:Key figures of the trial survey:
2989:. Please take a moment to review
2879:. Please take a moment to review
2759:. Please take a moment to review
2625:. Please take a moment to review
2527:http://trki.org/tkri-overview.php
2434:. Please take a moment to review
2275:. Please take a moment to review
2079:. Please take a moment to review
3734:WikiProject Linguistics articles
2473:http://www.gnb.ca/0381/032-e.asp
275:Template:WikiProject Linguistics
239:
229:
202:
136:
126:
108:
77:
19:
2531:Corrected formatting/usage for
875:the version on fr.wikipedai.org
292:This article has been rated as
1803:06:58, 18 September 2019 (UTC)
1589:"Introduction on New HSK Test"
707:Please consider the following:
607:15:28, 24 September 2010 (UTC)
524:German certificates included.
317:Applied Linguistics Task Force
1:
3600:20:33, 19 November 2022 (UTC)
3562:20:35, 19 November 2022 (UTC)
3516:12:30, 24 February 2021 (UTC)
3192:19:59, 16 December 2019 (UTC)
2973:12:21, 25 December 2017 (UTC)
2777:http://eaquals.org/pages/7110
2743:15:37, 9 September 2017 (UTC)
2418:17:12, 16 February 2017 (UTC)
2399:19:06, 28 November 2016 (UTC)
2239:07:28, 14 February 2016 (UTC)
2217:07:02, 14 February 2016 (UTC)
2021:09:09, 2 September 2015 (UTC)
1880:07:04, 14 February 2016 (UTC)
1783:22:35, 15 December 2012 (UTC)
1454:French as a Foreign Language
1422:4 languages (EN, DE, ES, FR)
645:20:01, 25 February 2011 (UTC)
623:18:38, 13 February 2011 (UTC)
581:14:15, 11 February 2010 (UTC)
541:Österreichisches Sprachdiplom
534:07:20, 6 September 2009 (UTC)
372:10:11, 27 February 2006 (UTC)
314:This article is supported by
266:and see a list of open tasks.
3714:C-Class Linguistics articles
3685:06:21, 5 February 2024 (UTC)
3487:16:04, 9 November 2020 (UTC)
3083:21:01, 11 January 2018 (UTC)
2863:17:35, 1 December 2017 (UTC)
2063:22:29, 1 November 2015 (UTC)
1886:Trinity College London exams
1712:10:34, 31 January 2012 (UTC)
1696:18:52, 17 October 2011 (UTC)
812:01:31, 2 February 2012 (UTC)
781:20:50, 21 January 2012 (UTC)
426:ACTFL Proficiency Guidelines
353:16:56, 20 October 2005 (UTC)
3709:WikiProject Europe articles
3666:Indonesian General Election
3322:18:25, 5 October 2019 (UTC)
3300:cells (A2,N2) and (A2,N3).
2609:10:14, 11 August 2017 (UTC)
2191:15:54, 9 January 2016 (UTC)
2041:16:53, 5 October 2015 (UTC)
1755:16:55, 17 August 2012 (UTC)
1567:- voir page 2 « Résultats »
941:Elementare Sprachverwendung
936:Elementare Sprachverwendung
553:19:58, 9 January 2012 (UTC)
480:12:46, 31 August 2007 (UTC)
428:pages would be sufficient.
168:Template:WikiProject Europe
3750:
3661:06:52, 7 August 2023 (UTC)
3576:06:55, 7 August 2023 (UTC)
3046:(last update: 5 June 2024)
2982:Hello fellow Wikipedians,
2936:(last update: 5 June 2024)
2872:Hello fellow Wikipedians,
2826:(last update: 5 June 2024)
2752:Hello fellow Wikipedians,
2706:(last update: 5 June 2024)
2618:Hello fellow Wikipedians,
2572:(last update: 5 June 2024)
2427:Hello fellow Wikipedians,
2362:(last update: 5 June 2024)
2268:Hello fellow Wikipedians,
2156:(last update: 5 June 2024)
2097:|deny=InternetArchiveBot}}
2072:Hello fellow Wikipedians,
1827:13:40, 26 March 2013 (UTC)
1768:Reading/Listening/Speaking
388:22:41, 30 April 2012 (UTC)
298:project's importance scale
187:project's importance scale
3546:10:59, 14 June 2022 (UTC)
3260:either in Japan or aborad
1858:13:51, 13 July 2015 (UTC)
894:00:55, 1 March 2011 (UTC)
859:, albeit with less data.
835:21:37, 24 June 2020 (UTC)
660:02:48, 2 March 2011 (UTC)
496:08:23, 13 July 2007 (UTC)
450:00:34, 11 June 2006 (UTC)
436:00:30, 11 June 2006 (UTC)
409:17:04, 22 June 2020 (UTC)
313:
291:
224:
184:
121:
103:
3625:09:11, 7 July 2023 (UTC)
3216:Language-specific scales
3204:Language-specific scales
3173:23:21, 18 May 2019 (UTC)
3152:23:04, 18 May 2019 (UTC)
3128:22:58, 18 May 2019 (UTC)
3107:22:54, 18 May 2019 (UTC)
2259:00:46, 22 May 2016 (UTC)
1036:TOEIC Bridge : 134+ pts
515:15:12, 19 May 2008 (UTC)
3699:C-Class Europe articles
3218:, the JLPT table entry
2978:External links modified
2868:External links modified
2748:External links modified
2614:External links modified
2423:External links modified
2264:External links modified
2068:External links modified
1033:TOEIC Bridge : 92+ pts
951:Zertifikat Deutsch plus
565:Use in language testing
255:WikiProject Linguistics
2449:Replaced archive link
2003:It's complicated. See
310:
85:This article is rated
1452:French Sign Language,
958:Goethe-Zertifikat C2
955:Goethe-Zertifikat C1
586:UK/British equivalent
415:New Page: Proficiency
309:
89:on Knowledge (XXG)'s
29:CEFR companion volume
3521:Meaning of C levels.
3027:regular verification
2917:regular verification
2807:regular verification
2687:regular verification
2553:regular verification
2343:regular verification
2137:regular verification
2122:to let others know.
2083:. If necessary, add
2026:"other applications"
1760:"Descriptions" Table
1679:Canadian Equivalents
278:Linguistics articles
50:with a consensus to
3165:Geographyinitiative
3144:Geographyinitiative
3120:Geographyinitiative
3099:Geographyinitiative
3017:After February 2018
2907:After February 2018
2797:After February 2018
2677:After February 2018
2543:After February 2018
2333:After February 2018
2312:parameter below to
2127:After February 2018
2118:parameter below to
1738:C1...6.5-7.0 to 8.0
1735:B2...5.5 to 6.0-6.5
1732:B1...4.0 to 4.5-5.0
1627:Esperanto-ekzamenoj
1577:Cambridge ESOL:CEFR
1165:«Nivel intermedio»
1125:Chinois (Mandarin)
842:AQA AS-/A-Level FAQ
563:In the table under
215:Applied Linguistics
3071:InternetArchiveBot
3022:InternetArchiveBot
2961:InternetArchiveBot
2912:InternetArchiveBot
2851:InternetArchiveBot
2802:InternetArchiveBot
2731:InternetArchiveBot
2682:InternetArchiveBot
2597:InternetArchiveBot
2548:InternetArchiveBot
2387:InternetArchiveBot
2338:InternetArchiveBot
2132:InternetArchiveBot
1244:Alliance française
946:Zertifikat Deutsch
928:Zertifikat Deutsch
394:Method of learning
311:
247:Linguistics portal
152:WikiProject Europe
91:content assessment
3532:comment added by
3161:Taiwanese Hokkien
3047:
2937:
2827:
2707:
2573:
2363:
2222:Equivalence table
2189:
2157:
1918:
1904:comment added by
1532:
1531:
1171:«Nivel superior»
837:
825:comment added by
771:comment added by
635:comment added by
597:comment added by
482:
470:comment added by
332:
331:
328:
327:
324:
323:
197:
196:
193:
192:
71:
70:
54:the content into
3741:
3548:
3465:
3464:
3462:
3461:
3455:
3447:
3434:
3433:
3431:
3430:
3424:
3416:
3407:
3406:
3404:
3403:
3397:
3389:
3378:
3377:
3375:
3374:
3368:
3360:
3354:
3353:
3351:
3350:
3344:
3336:
3081:
3072:
3045:
3044:
3023:
2971:
2962:
2935:
2934:
2913:
2861:
2852:
2825:
2824:
2803:
2741:
2732:
2705:
2704:
2683:
2644:
2607:
2598:
2571:
2570:
2549:
2514:
2470:
2397:
2388:
2361:
2360:
2339:
2327:
2232:
2210:
2185:
2184:Talk to my owner
2180:
2155:
2154:
2133:
2098:
2090:
2009:2 September 2015
1991:
1986:
1980:
1975:
1969:
1964:
1958:
1953:
1947:
1942:
1936:
1931:
1917:
1898:
1873:
1688:Captain labrador
1671:
1646:
1640:
1635:
1629:
1625:
1621:
1615:
1610:
1604:
1603:
1597:
1595:
1585:
1579:
1574:
1568:
1562:
1556:
1555:
1553:
1544:
1162:«Nivel inicial»
966:de Pearson (ex
898:
815:
783:
647:
609:
465:
280:
279:
276:
273:
270:
249:
244:
243:
233:
226:
225:
220:
217:
206:
199:
173:
172:
169:
166:
163:
146:
141:
140:
139:
130:
123:
122:
112:
105:
88:
82:
81:
73:
23:
22:
16:
3749:
3748:
3744:
3743:
3742:
3740:
3739:
3738:
3689:
3688:
3687:
3668:
3636:
3607:
3584:
3527:
3523:
3494:
3475:
3470:
3469:
3468:
3459:
3457:
3453:
3449:
3448:
3437:
3428:
3426:
3422:
3418:
3417:
3410:
3401:
3399:
3395:
3391:
3390:
3381:
3372:
3370:
3366:
3362:
3361:
3357:
3348:
3346:
3342:
3338:
3337:
3333:
3309:N4 or even N5.
3306:
3301:
3270:
3214:In the section
3212:
3200:
3090:
3088:Native speakers
3075:
3070:
3038:
3031:have permission
3021:
2995:this simple FaQ
2980:
2965:
2960:
2928:
2921:have permission
2911:
2885:this simple FaQ
2870:
2855:
2850:
2818:
2811:have permission
2801:
2765:this simple FaQ
2750:
2735:
2730:
2698:
2691:have permission
2681:
2638:
2631:this simple FaQ
2616:
2601:
2596:
2564:
2557:have permission
2547:
2508:
2464:
2440:this simple FaQ
2425:
2406:
2391:
2386:
2354:
2347:have permission
2337:
2321:
2281:this simple FaQ
2266:
2246:
2230:
2224:
2208:
2198:
2188:
2183:
2148:
2141:have permission
2131:
2092:
2084:
2070:
2051:
2028:
2013:Gregor Kneussel
2001:
1996:
1995:
1994:
1987:
1983:
1976:
1972:
1965:
1961:
1954:
1950:
1943:
1939:
1932:
1928:
1899:
1888:
1871:
1834:
1810:
1770:
1762:
1741:C2...8.5 to 9.0
1729:A2...3.0 to 3.5
1726:A1...1.0 to 2.5
1720:
1681:
1676:
1675:
1674:
1647:
1643:
1636:
1632:
1623:
1622:
1618:
1611:
1607:
1593:
1591:
1587:
1586:
1582:
1575:
1571:
1563:
1559:
1551:
1546:
1545:
1541:
1231:3. maila (EGA)
857:a similar table
850:
805:
766:
630:
592:
588:
561:
522:
503:
488:
458:
417:
396:
360:
337:
277:
274:
271:
268:
267:
245:
238:
218:
212:
171:Europe articles
170:
167:
164:
161:
160:
142:
137:
135:
86:
67:
64:afd-merged-from
20:
12:
11:
5:
3747:
3745:
3737:
3736:
3731:
3726:
3721:
3716:
3711:
3706:
3701:
3691:
3690:
3673:
3667:
3664:
3650:
3648:
3642:
3640:
3635:
3628:
3606:
3603:
3583:
3580:
3579:
3578:
3564:
3522:
3519:
3493:
3490:
3479:Backinstadiums
3474:
3473:Sign languages
3471:
3467:
3466:
3435:
3408:
3379:
3355:
3330:
3329:
3325:
3305:
3302:
3297:
3292:
3291:
3288:
3285:
3278:
3277:
3274:
3269:
3266:
3262:
3261:
3258:
3255:
3248:
3247:
3244:
3243:
3242:
3239:
3233:
3230:
3220:since May 2019
3211:
3208:
3199:
3196:
3195:
3194:
3178:
3177:
3176:
3175:
3089:
3086:
3065:
3064:
3057:
3010:
3009:
3001:Added archive
2979:
2976:
2955:
2954:
2947:
2900:
2899:
2891:Added archive
2869:
2866:
2845:
2844:
2837:
2790:
2789:
2781:Added archive
2779:
2771:Added archive
2749:
2746:
2725:
2724:
2717:
2670:
2669:
2661:Added archive
2659:
2651:Added archive
2649:
2615:
2612:
2591:
2590:
2583:
2536:
2535:
2529:
2521:Added archive
2519:
2505:
2497:Added archive
2495:
2487:Added archive
2485:
2477:Added archive
2475:
2461:
2424:
2421:
2405:
2402:
2381:
2380:
2373:
2306:
2305:
2297:Added archive
2295:
2287:Added archive
2265:
2262:
2245:
2244:Learning hours
2242:
2223:
2220:
2197:
2194:
2181:
2175:
2174:
2167:
2112:
2111:
2103:Added archive
2069:
2066:
2055:108.18.136.147
2050:
2047:
2045:
2044:
2043:
2027:
2024:
2000:
1997:
1993:
1992:
1981:
1970:
1959:
1948:
1937:
1925:
1924:
1920:
1887:
1884:
1883:
1882:
1850:27.140.141.100
1833:
1830:
1809:
1806:
1790:
1789:
1769:
1766:
1761:
1758:
1743:
1742:
1739:
1736:
1733:
1730:
1727:
1719:
1718:IELTS and CEFR
1716:
1715:
1714:
1680:
1677:
1673:
1672:
1641:
1630:
1624:(in Esperanto)
1616:
1605:
1580:
1569:
1557:
1538:
1537:
1533:
1530:
1529:
1526:
1523:
1520:
1517:
1514:
1511:
1508:
1502:
1501:
1498:
1495:
1492:
1489:
1486:
1483:
1480:
1474:
1473:
1470:
1467:
1464:
1461:
1458:
1455:
1453:
1451:
1448:
1442:
1441:
1438:
1435:
1432:
1429:
1426:
1423:
1420:
1414:
1413:
1410:
1407:
1404:
1401:
1398:
1395:
1392:
1388:
1387:
1384:
1381:
1378:
1375:
1372:
1369:
1366:
1360:
1359:
1356:
1353:
1350:
1347:
1344:
1341:
1338:
1332:
1331:
1328:
1325:
1322:
1319:
1316:
1313:
1310:
1304:
1303:
1294:
1285:
1276:
1266:
1256:
1250:
1247:
1236:
1235:
1232:
1229:
1226:
1223:
1220:
1217:
1214:
1203:
1202:
1199:
1196:
1193:
1190:
1187:
1184:
1181:
1173:
1172:
1169:
1166:
1163:
1160:
1157:
1154:
1151:
1145:
1144:
1141:
1138:
1135:
1132:
1129:
1126:
1123:
1117:
1116:
1111:
1105:
1099:
1093:
1090:
1087:
1084:
1082:Cambridge ESOL
1078:
1077:
1074:
1071:
1068:
1065:
1062:
1059:
1056:
1050:
1049:
1046:
1043:
1040:
1037:
1034:
1031:
1028:
1022:
1021:
1018:
1015:
1012:
1009:
1006:
1003:
1000:
993:
992:
989:
986:
983:
980:
977:
974:
971:
960:
959:
956:
953:
948:
943:
938:
933:
930:
924:
923:
920:
917:
914:
911:
908:
905:
902:
849:
846:
810:comment added
773:86.179.170.163
753:
751:
750:
749:
748:
735:
734:
733:
732:
725:
724:
723:
722:
711:
710:
709:
708:
702:
701:
690:
689:
684:
683:
676:
675:
671:
670:
664:
599:80.218.215.119
587:
584:
560:
557:
556:
555:
526:82.113.121.154
521:
518:
502:
499:
487:
484:
472:130.241.192.37
457:
454:
453:
452:
416:
413:
395:
392:
391:
390:
359:
356:
350:217.189.140.26
336:
333:
330:
329:
326:
325:
322:
321:
312:
302:
301:
294:Mid-importance
290:
284:
283:
281:
264:the discussion
251:
250:
234:
222:
221:
219:Mid‑importance
207:
195:
194:
191:
190:
183:
177:
176:
174:
148:
147:
131:
119:
118:
113:
101:
100:
94:
83:
69:
68:
61:
46:was closed on
43:The discussion
24:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3746:
3735:
3732:
3730:
3727:
3725:
3722:
3720:
3717:
3715:
3712:
3710:
3707:
3705:
3702:
3700:
3697:
3696:
3694:
3686:
3682:
3678:
3677:103.247.13.79
3672:
3665:
3663:
3662:
3658:
3654:
3646:
3633:
3629:
3627:
3626:
3622:
3618:
3614:
3611:
3604:
3602:
3601:
3597:
3593:
3587:
3581:
3577:
3573:
3569:
3565:
3563:
3559:
3555:
3551:
3550:
3549:
3547:
3543:
3539:
3535:
3531:
3520:
3518:
3517:
3513:
3509:
3505:
3502:
3498:
3491:
3489:
3488:
3484:
3480:
3472:
3452:
3446:
3444:
3442:
3440:
3436:
3421:
3415:
3413:
3409:
3394:
3388:
3386:
3384:
3380:
3365:
3359:
3356:
3341:
3335:
3332:
3328:
3324:
3323:
3319:
3315:
3310:
3304:3. Simply put
3303:
3296:
3289:
3286:
3283:
3282:
3281:
3275:
3272:
3271:
3267:
3265:
3259:
3256:
3253:
3252:
3251:
3245:
3241:i.e. in Japan
3240:
3237:
3236:
3234:
3231:
3228:
3227:
3226:
3223:
3221:
3217:
3209:
3207:
3205:
3197:
3193:
3189:
3185:
3180:
3179:
3174:
3170:
3166:
3162:
3158:
3157:
3156:
3155:
3154:
3153:
3149:
3145:
3141:
3140:
3136:
3133:
3130:
3129:
3125:
3121:
3117:
3116:
3112:
3109:
3108:
3104:
3100:
3094:
3087:
3085:
3084:
3079:
3074:
3073:
3062:
3058:
3055:
3051:
3050:
3049:
3042:
3036:
3032:
3028:
3024:
3018:
3013:
3008:
3004:
3000:
2999:
2998:
2996:
2992:
2988:
2983:
2977:
2975:
2974:
2969:
2964:
2963:
2952:
2948:
2945:
2941:
2940:
2939:
2932:
2926:
2922:
2918:
2914:
2908:
2903:
2898:
2894:
2890:
2889:
2888:
2886:
2882:
2878:
2873:
2867:
2865:
2864:
2859:
2854:
2853:
2842:
2838:
2835:
2831:
2830:
2829:
2822:
2816:
2812:
2808:
2804:
2798:
2793:
2788:
2784:
2780:
2778:
2774:
2770:
2769:
2768:
2766:
2762:
2758:
2753:
2747:
2745:
2744:
2739:
2734:
2733:
2722:
2718:
2715:
2711:
2710:
2709:
2702:
2696:
2692:
2688:
2684:
2678:
2673:
2668:
2664:
2660:
2658:
2654:
2650:
2648:
2642:
2636:
2635:
2634:
2632:
2628:
2624:
2619:
2613:
2611:
2610:
2605:
2600:
2599:
2588:
2584:
2581:
2577:
2576:
2575:
2568:
2562:
2558:
2554:
2550:
2544:
2539:
2534:
2530:
2528:
2524:
2520:
2518:
2512:
2506:
2504:
2500:
2496:
2494:
2490:
2486:
2484:
2480:
2476:
2474:
2468:
2462:
2460:
2456:
2452:
2448:
2447:
2446:
2445:
2441:
2437:
2433:
2428:
2422:
2420:
2419:
2415:
2411:
2403:
2401:
2400:
2395:
2390:
2389:
2378:
2374:
2371:
2367:
2366:
2365:
2358:
2352:
2348:
2344:
2340:
2334:
2329:
2325:
2319:
2315:
2311:
2304:
2300:
2296:
2294:
2290:
2286:
2285:
2284:
2282:
2278:
2274:
2269:
2263:
2261:
2260:
2256:
2252:
2243:
2241:
2240:
2237:
2236:
2229:
2221:
2219:
2218:
2215:
2214:
2207:
2203:
2195:
2193:
2192:
2186:
2179:
2172:
2168:
2165:
2161:
2160:
2159:
2152:
2146:
2142:
2138:
2134:
2128:
2123:
2121:
2117:
2110:
2106:
2102:
2101:
2100:
2096:
2088:
2082:
2078:
2073:
2067:
2065:
2064:
2060:
2056:
2048:
2046:
2042:
2038:
2034:
2025:
2023:
2022:
2018:
2014:
2010:
2006:
1998:
1990:
1985:
1982:
1979:
1974:
1971:
1968:
1963:
1960:
1957:
1952:
1949:
1946:
1941:
1938:
1935:
1930:
1927:
1923:
1919:
1915:
1911:
1907:
1903:
1895:
1891:
1885:
1881:
1878:
1877:
1870:
1866:
1863:
1862:
1861:
1859:
1855:
1851:
1845:
1843:
1839:
1831:
1829:
1828:
1824:
1820:
1816:
1807:
1805:
1804:
1800:
1796:
1787:
1786:
1785:
1784:
1780:
1776:
1767:
1765:
1759:
1757:
1756:
1752:
1748:
1740:
1737:
1734:
1731:
1728:
1725:
1724:
1723:
1717:
1713:
1709:
1705:
1704:96.46.204.126
1700:
1699:
1698:
1697:
1693:
1689:
1685:
1678:
1670:
1666:
1662:
1658:
1654:
1650:
1645:
1642:
1639:
1634:
1631:
1628:
1620:
1617:
1614:
1609:
1606:
1602:
1590:
1584:
1581:
1578:
1573:
1570:
1566:
1561:
1558:
1550:
1543:
1540:
1536:
1527:
1524:
1521:
1518:
1515:
1512:
1509:
1507:
1504:
1503:
1499:
1496:
1493:
1490:
1487:
1484:
1481:
1479:
1476:
1475:
1471:
1468:
1465:
1463:Degré 3 et 2
1462:
1459:
1456:
1449:
1447:
1444:
1443:
1439:
1436:
1433:
1430:
1427:
1424:
1421:
1419:
1416:
1415:
1411:
1408:
1405:
1402:
1400:PTIT et PTPB
1399:
1396:
1393:
1390:
1389:
1385:
1382:
1379:
1376:
1373:
1370:
1367:
1365:
1362:
1361:
1357:
1354:
1351:
1348:
1345:
1343:CELI-Impatto
1342:
1339:
1337:
1334:
1333:
1330:CILS QUATTRO
1329:
1326:
1323:
1320:
1317:
1314:
1311:
1309:
1306:
1305:
1302:
1298:
1295:
1293:
1289:
1286:
1284:
1280:
1277:
1274:
1270:
1267:
1264:
1260:
1257:
1254:
1251:
1248:
1245:
1241:
1238:
1237:
1233:
1230:
1227:
1224:
1221:
1218:
1215:
1212:
1208:
1205:
1204:
1200:
1197:
1194:
1191:
1188:
1185:
1182:
1180:
1178:
1175:
1174:
1170:
1167:
1164:
1161:
1158:
1155:
1152:
1150:
1147:
1146:
1142:
1139:
1136:
1133:
1130:
1127:
1124:
1122:
1119:
1118:
1115:
1112:
1109:
1106:
1103:
1100:
1097:
1094:
1091:
1088:
1085:
1083:
1080:
1079:
1075:
1072:
1069:
1066:
1063:
1060:
1057:
1055:
1052:
1051:
1047:
1044:
1041:
1038:
1035:
1032:
1029:
1027:
1024:
1023:
1019:
1016:
1013:
1010:
1007:
1004:
1001:
998:
995:
994:
990:
987:
984:
981:
978:
975:
972:
969:
965:
962:
961:
957:
954:
952:
949:
947:
944:
942:
939:
937:
934:
931:
929:
926:
925:
921:
918:
915:
912:
909:
906:
903:
900:
899:
896:
895:
891:
887:
883:
878:
876:
871:
867:
863:
860:
858:
853:
847:
845:
843:
838:
836:
832:
828:
824:
816:
813:
809:
803:
799:
798:Princeofdelft
795:
791:
787:
784:
782:
778:
774:
770:
764:
760:
759:Princeofdelft
754:
746:
742:
741:Princeofdelft
739:
738:
737:
736:
729:
728:
727:
726:
720:
719:
718:
717:
716:
715:
706:
705:
704:
703:
699:
695:
694:Princeofdelft
692:
691:
686:
685:
682:
678:
677:
673:
672:
667:
666:
665:
662:
661:
657:
653:
648:
646:
642:
638:
634:
626:
625:Robert Jones
624:
620:
616:
615:190.55.119.13
610:
608:
604:
600:
596:
585:
583:
582:
578:
574:
570:
566:
558:
554:
550:
546:
542:
538:
537:
536:
535:
531:
527:
519:
517:
516:
512:
508:
500:
498:
497:
494:
485:
483:
481:
477:
473:
469:
462:
455:
451:
448:
444:
440:
439:
438:
437:
434:
431:
427:
423:
414:
412:
410:
406:
402:
393:
389:
385:
381:
380:79.238.174.32
376:
375:
374:
373:
370:
366:
357:
355:
354:
351:
346:
343:
340:
334:
319:
318:
308:
304:
303:
299:
295:
289:
286:
285:
282:
265:
261:
257:
256:
248:
242:
237:
235:
232:
228:
227:
223:
216:
211:
208:
205:
201:
188:
182:
179:
178:
175:
158:
154:
153:
145:
144:Europe portal
134:
132:
129:
125:
124:
120:
117:
114:
111:
107:
102:
98:
92:
84:
80:
75:
74:
65:
59:
58:
53:
49:
45:
44:
39:
35:
31:
30:
25:
18:
17:
3669:
3637:
3631:
3615:
3612:
3608:
3588:
3585:
3528:— Preceding
3524:
3506:
3503:
3499:
3495:
3476:
3458:. Retrieved
3427:. Retrieved
3400:. Retrieved
3371:. Retrieved
3358:
3347:. Retrieved
3334:
3326:
3311:
3307:
3293:
3279:
3263:
3254:967 subjects
3249:
3238:i.e. in 2011
3224:
3215:
3213:
3203:
3201:
3182:recipients.
3142:
3137:
3134:
3131:
3118:
3113:
3110:
3095:
3091:
3069:
3066:
3041:source check
3020:
3014:
3011:
2984:
2981:
2959:
2956:
2931:source check
2910:
2904:
2901:
2874:
2871:
2849:
2846:
2821:source check
2800:
2794:
2791:
2754:
2751:
2729:
2726:
2701:source check
2680:
2674:
2671:
2620:
2617:
2595:
2592:
2567:source check
2546:
2540:
2537:
2429:
2426:
2407:
2385:
2382:
2357:source check
2336:
2330:
2317:
2313:
2309:
2307:
2270:
2267:
2247:
2234:
2228:Curly Turkey
2225:
2212:
2206:Curly Turkey
2199:
2176:
2151:source check
2130:
2124:
2119:
2115:
2113:
2074:
2071:
2052:
2029:
2002:
1999:CEFR and HSK
1984:
1973:
1962:
1951:
1940:
1929:
1921:
1900:— Preceding
1896:
1892:
1889:
1875:
1869:Curly Turkey
1864:
1846:
1835:
1811:
1791:
1771:
1763:
1744:
1721:
1686:
1682:
1644:
1633:
1619:
1608:
1599:
1592:. Retrieved
1583:
1572:
1560:
1542:
1534:
1525:UNIcert III
1482:9 languages
1406:PPT et PTHO
1179:
997:PTE Academic
904:Language(s)
879:
872:
868:
864:
861:
854:
851:
839:
827:84.51.148.57
821:— Preceding
817:
796:
792:
788:
785:
767:— Preceding
755:
752:
712:
679:
663:
649:
627:
611:
589:
564:
562:
540:
523:
504:
489:
463:
459:
429:
418:
397:
361:
347:
344:
341:
338:
315:
293:
253:
150:
97:WikiProjects
55:
48:29 July 2024
47:
42:
27:
26:The article
3634:languages??
3632:programming
3508:Northtowner
3229:96 subjects
2410:5.34.85.197
2324:Sourcecheck
1808:STANAG 6001
1775:Dejudicibus
1528:UNIcert IV
1522:UNIcert II
999:de Pearson
964:PTE General
806:—Preceding
637:83.54.25.55
631:—Preceding
593:—Preceding
501:Criticism ?
466:—Preceding
269:Linguistics
260:linguistics
210:Linguistics
3693:Categories
3617:77.85.6.55
3592:Knotaholic
3554:Knotaholic
3460:2019-10-05
3429:2019-10-05
3402:2019-10-05
3373:2019-10-05
3349:2019-10-05
3327:References
3314:IllDepence
3078:Report bug
2968:Report bug
2858:Report bug
2738:Report bug
2604:Report bug
2394:Report bug
1922:References
1906:MarkRetnuh
1535:References
1519:UNIcert I
1183:Esperanto
1073:110 pts +
3630:CEFL for
3061:this tool
3054:this tool
2951:this tool
2944:this tool
2841:this tool
2834:this tool
2721:this tool
2714:this tool
2641:dead link
2587:this tool
2580:this tool
2511:dead link
2467:dead link
2377:this tool
2370:this tool
2171:this tool
2164:this tool
1386:PLIDA C2
1383:PLIDA C1
1380:PLIDA B2
1377:PLIDA B1
1374:PLIDA A2
1371:PLIDA A1
1327:CILS TRE
1324:CILS DUE
1321:CILS UNO
1234:4. maila
1228:2. maila
1225:1. maila
1070:87 pts +
1067:57 pts +
1042:785+ pts
976:level A1
652:Fish-Face
573:Tom Paine
456:DELF/DALF
34:nominated
3542:contribs
3530:unsigned
3067:Cheers.—
2957:Cheers.—
2847:Cheers.—
2727:Cheers.—
2593:Cheers.—
2383:Cheers.—
2251:Kdammers
2235:¡gobble!
2213:¡gobble!
2177:Cheers.—
2087:cbignore
1914:contribs
1902:unsigned
1876:¡gobble!
1838:Kdammers
1832:Japanese
1819:Bilhartz
1469:Degré 5
1466:Degré 4
1460:Degré 1
1368:Italian
1340:Italian
1318:CILS A2
1315:CILS A1
1312:Italian
1177:ELTE-ITK
1153:Spanish
1086:English
1058:English
1030:English
1002:English
991:Level 5
988:Level 4
985:Level 3
982:Level 2
979:Level 1
973:English
823:unsigned
769:unsigned
633:unsigned
595:unsigned
545:Sebbe xy
468:unsigned
447:samwaltz
433:samwaltz
157:European
38:deletion
3206:table.
2991:my edit
2881:my edit
2761:my edit
2645:tag to
2627:my edit
2515:tag to
2471:tag to
2436:my edit
2310:checked
2277:my edit
2187::Online
2116:checked
2081:my edit
1594:26 July
1506:UNIcert
1497:CLES 3
1494:CLES 2
1491:CLES 1
1440:90-100
1358:CELI 5
1355:CELI 4
1352:CELI 3
1349:CELI 2
1346:CELI 1
1249:French
1216:Basque
932:German
808:undated
424:or the
411:J27325
369:swithin
358:Unicert
296:on the
87:C-class
2637:Added
2507:Added
2463:Added
2318:failed
2095:nobots
1747:Divega
1437:75-89
1434:60-74
1431:40-59
1428:20-39
1418:BULATS
1394:Dutch
1391:CNaVT
1143:HSK 6
1140:HSK 5
1137:HSK 4
1134:HSK 3
1131:HSK 2
1128:HSK 1
886:Gronky
520:German
507:Onaryc
493:Maweki
401:J27325
162:Europe
116:Europe
93:scale.
3454:(PDF)
3423:(PDF)
3396:(PDF)
3367:(PDF)
3343:(PDF)
3184:Bever
2453:with
2033:Bansp
1552:(PDF)
1425:0-10
1364:PLIDA
1299:C2 /
1292:DSLCF
1290:C1 /
1281:B2 /
1271:B1 /
1261:A2 /
901:Test
882:emacs
569:TOEFL
559:TOEFL
365:Saint
52:merge
3681:talk
3657:talk
3645:PHBs
3621:talk
3605:ICAO
3596:talk
3572:talk
3558:talk
3538:talk
3512:talk
3483:talk
3318:talk
3188:talk
3169:talk
3148:talk
3124:talk
3103:talk
2414:talk
2314:true
2255:talk
2120:true
2059:talk
2049:why?
2037:talk
2017:talk
1910:talk
1860:AMW
1854:talk
1842:talk
1823:talk
1799:talk
1779:talk
1751:talk
1708:talk
1692:talk
1665:PTHO
1653:PTPB
1649:PTIT
1596:2010
1478:CLES
1409:PAT
1403:PMT
1336:CELI
1308:CILS
1301:DHEF
1297:DALF
1288:DALF
1279:DELF
1273:CEFP
1269:DELF
1263:CEFP
1259:DELF
1253:DELF
1240:CIEP
1207:HABE
1149:DELE
1092:KET
1020:85+
1017:76+
1014:59+
1011:43+
890:talk
831:talk
802:talk
777:talk
763:talk
745:talk
698:talk
656:talk
641:talk
619:talk
603:talk
577:talk
549:talk
530:talk
511:talk
486:LCCI
476:talk
405:talk
384:talk
36:for
32:was
3534:Vks
3035:RfC
3005:to
2925:RfC
2895:to
2815:RfC
2785:to
2775:to
2695:RfC
2665:to
2655:to
2561:RfC
2525:to
2501:to
2491:to
2481:to
2457:on
2351:RfC
2328:).
2316:or
2301:to
2291:to
2145:RfC
2107:to
1669:PAT
1661:PPT
1657:PMT
1446:DCL
1255:A1
1198:C1
1195:B2
1192:B1
1121:HSK
1114:CPE
1108:CAE
1102:FCE
1096:PET
968:LTE
922:C2
919:C1
916:B2
913:B1
910:A2
907:A1
804:)
765:)
571:).
288:Mid
181:???
66:}}.
40:.
3695::
3683:)
3659:)
3651:—
3623:)
3598:)
3574:)
3560:)
3544:)
3540:•
3514:)
3485:)
3438:^
3411:^
3382:^
3320:)
3312:--
3190:)
3171:)
3150:)
3126:)
3105:)
3048:.
3043:}}
3039:{{
2938:.
2933:}}
2929:{{
2828:.
2823:}}
2819:{{
2708:.
2703:}}
2699:{{
2643:}}
2639:{{
2574:.
2569:}}
2565:{{
2513:}}
2509:{{
2469:}}
2465:{{
2416:)
2364:.
2359:}}
2355:{{
2326:}}
2322:{{
2257:)
2231:🍁
2209:🍁
2158:.
2153:}}
2149:{{
2093:{{
2089:}}
2085:{{
2061:)
2039:)
2019:)
1916:)
1912:•
1872:🍁
1856:)
1844:)
1825:)
1801:)
1781:)
1753:)
1710:)
1694:)
1667:,
1663:,
1659:,
1655:,
1651:,
1601:A1
1598:.
1516:-
1513:-
1510:?
1500:-
1488:-
1485:-
1472:-
1457:-
1412:-
1397:-
1283:DL
1275:2
1265:1
1246:)
1222:-
1219:-
1213:)
1201:-
1189:-
1186:-
1168:-
1159:-
1156:-
1089:-
1076:-
1064:-
1061:-
1048:-
1008:-
1005:-
970:)
892:)
833:)
779:)
658:)
643:)
621:)
605:)
579:)
551:)
532:)
513:)
478:)
407:)
386:)
348:--
213::
3679:(
3655:(
3619:(
3594:(
3570:(
3556:(
3536:(
3510:(
3481:(
3463:.
3432:.
3405:.
3376:.
3352:.
3316:(
3186:(
3167:(
3146:(
3122:(
3101:(
3080:)
3076:(
3063:.
3056:.
2970:)
2966:(
2953:.
2946:.
2860:)
2856:(
2843:.
2836:.
2740:)
2736:(
2723:.
2716:.
2606:)
2602:(
2589:.
2582:.
2412:(
2396:)
2392:(
2379:.
2372:.
2253:(
2173:.
2166:.
2057:(
2035:(
2015:(
2007:(
1908:(
1852:(
1840:(
1821:(
1797:(
1777:(
1749:(
1706:(
1690:(
1554:.
1242:(
1209:(
888:(
829:(
814:.
800:(
775:(
761:(
747:)
743:(
700:)
696:(
654:(
639:(
617:(
601:(
575:(
547:(
528:(
509:(
474:(
403:(
382:(
367:|
320:.
300:.
189:.
99::
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.