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1978:(this also feels like some words are missing; is this comma misplaced?) â I find incomprehensible. The fictitiousness of the conversation between Caesar and Metellus is argued at MM pp 408â10 and elsewhere. It is rightly rejected and should not be included. How "motives for the civil war are nowhere to be found... pretexts, of course, abounded" (Gruen 1995 pp 495â96) somehow has little to do with origins is similarly mysterious.
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declared that it was harder for a man of his natural clemency to make such a threat than it would be for him actually to do the deed. The man who had proclaimed that he was championing the rights of the tribunes in
January was now as ready as his opponents had been to override and threaten one of these magistrates. He had never hidden the fact that his greatest aim was to protect his own dignitas.
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1709:. Can you point to where it is supported in Goldsworthy? Rawson â although accepting Plutarch's narrative, which Goldsworthy relates in indirect voice and which Morstein-Marx (probably rightly) rejects as ahistorical, â notes that nothing much from Caesar is said. Cicero's letter contrarily states Caesar wanted him killed but did not do so because it would be too unpopular.
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1324:. Also, in general, I think a lot of the Roman-topic articles have a lot of capitalisation ... if not errors, at least inconsistencies. A lot of older scholarship, especially under German influence, used a lot of capitalisation for all sorts of things (Senate, Comitia Centuriata, etc). That doesn't seem to be as common in the English-language scholarship anymore.
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parenthetical disambiguation would be betterâI suspect this title was written analogously to the "English Civil War" and the "American Civil War", which is what "Civil War" always refers to in
English or American historyâ"English" and "American" are only included if the context is unclear. I've never cared for "Caesar's Civil War" as a title, but it's still
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the
Rebellion", etc., but they don't stop being proper namesâwe don't refer to the "first Punic war" or the "third Samnite war" or the "third servile war" as though they were common nouns, although that seems to be what your comment above implies we should be doing. I don't think that comports with standard rules for capitalization in English, however.
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sources may have done a better job of collecting more reports from primary sources and resolving conflicts, applying modern knowledge to correctly explain things that older sources could not have, or remaining free of bias that might affect sources written while any conflicts described were still active or strongly felt.
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In
Plutarch's version blacksmiths had to be summoned to perform this task, and there was a confrontation between Caesar and Metellus outside the building. As the tribune repeatedly tried to halt the work, Caesar's temper flared up and he threatened to kill him. As Metellus at last backed down, Caesar
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So then, less incensed now that the source didn't say that, I simply adhered to it. Now I see you are taking issue with
Goldsworthy via Plutarch. If you want to have dueling sources about Caesar, I would be fine, make it as long or short as it needs to be. That's what I was setting out to do. However
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just using
Goldworthy is inadequate. After finding an electronic version (that's out there) you can find this entire quote that is dovetailing into the subject at hand or at least providing Caesar's mental state. This end-of-paragraph is two paragraphs preceding "Metellus stood in front of the doors
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Civil War of Roman history, perhaps because it's the title used by Caesar for his commentaries, and Appian also used the title, although he seems to have covered all of the major conflicts of the first century BC under the same (singular) title. Other such conflicts can be described as "civil wars",
1812:
Re 1. My reading of the secondary sources is that there are many of them which view his casus belli as a pretext. Goldsworthy does his normal thing of presenting both sides. His general reliability, especially on military affairs, is also not in question: the author is well credentialed; his work is
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in
American History refers to a different conflictâwe don't treat it as a common noun because it's unique, but because it's a proper name, like "World War I" or "the Hundred Years' War" or "the Russian Revolution". It's true that many conflicts have multiple namesâthe "First World War", the "War of
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But despite
Knowledge (XXG) having a neutral POV without active choice of sides, I should restate my position (no need for emotional language like "balk") that issues can totally obliterate another side if need be, and that only extreme care is needed for historical issues which I can just bring up
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it expresses a
Knowledge (XXG) editor's opinion that, given the Harvard manual's definition of plagiarism, Jones did not commit it. Making the second paragraph policy-compliant would require a reliable source specifically commenting on the Smith and Jones dispute and making the same point about the
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In the
Commentaries Caesar claims that Pompey had threatened to treat even those who stayed in Italy as if they had sided with Caesar. In the end, most people of all classes felt no strong attachment to either side, wanted to be neutral and simply hoped to survive the Civil War unscathed. Some were
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Appreciate someone doing the work to get Talk pages working by using that at sign. Mentally I think I'm also in a better place to start using the Talk pages again. They provide a lot of space to write, even if they don't remake one's image perhaps braggadociously in the article. I'm most happy with
1981:
The paean to qualifiers is just an open door to fringery. I am unaware of any scholars seriously suggesting that Caesar's action against Metellus was consistent with his alleged support for tribunician rights. To say that the casus belli "save the tribunes from abuse" is not consistent with "I'll
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the same in all regions, and should be sublisted separately in each region: intermunicipal entities are sometimes larger and split by subregions (e.g. the Metropolitan Area of Lisbon has two subregions), some intercommunal entities are containing only parts of subregions. All subregions should be
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side if the article will actually specify these authors trust the Plutarch quote of Caesar, some do not, to avoid using kettle logic about the historicity. For this reason I would add that in one case Goldsworthy is citing Plutarch, and in the other Goldsworthy is citing Commentaries or leave it
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I agree that "motives unknown" is not different from "origins unknown" in the Gruen source, it was just a matter of me not thinking you would try to find even more things to bolster my point. I was spending most of my time on Gruen because I had brought it up in the reverse of the aforementioned
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With regard to historical events, older reports (closer to the event, but not too close such that they are prone to the errors of breaking news) tend to have the most detail, and are less likely to have errors introduced by repeated copying and summarizing. However, newer secondary and tertiary
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Hi, in the source I cited, on page 571, it states, "After the spectacles, a census of the people were taken, and instead of the three hundred and twenty thousand of the preceding lists there were only enrolled one hundred and fifty thousand." So that means roughly 170,000 Romans died. You are
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Civil War. Other civil wars in Roman history aren't usually called something else or otherwise described so as to make them clear which war or revolt they refer to, if it isn't already clear, but "the Civil War" with no other context except that it's Roman always refers to this war. Perhaps
2013:, as I do not have them literally in front of me right now this weekend. You seemed open previously to including "it was a sham" views (iirc Raaflaub and Meier see others cited above). So can you answer a straight question: do you object to the proposed wording I gave above as amended?
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side. If you look around the article page you'll find that point of view represented from Gruen, 1995. The way I paraphrased it, "Caesar was willing to invert his proclaimed championing of tribunes' rights", with the crucial use of invert rather than revert, as adequately representing
2291:, p. 292, noting "the visit to Rome also showed that Caesar's defence of the rights of the tribunes as a fraud... forbidden by one tribune... to set foot in the central treasury Caesar had soldiers cast the tribune aside... constitutional propriety was not about to stand in his way".
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category concerning dignitas and also because in the beginning there was just Goldsworthy as the source. Not only does Gruen compare Pompey to Caesar in this article, but as a general book-end: Also Ehrhardt Antichthon 29 apparently including the death threat and calling the
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vol 9 (1994) p 430 noting "More embarrassing still was the action of the tribune L. Metellus ... ... the defender of tribunician rights does not mention this contretemps, and he set off for Spain angry at his loss of popularity with the plebs and the time wasted";
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is, I think, rather unclear. Can you provide the specific passage? Nor do I see anywhere in it where it says that the total number of dead is 170,000. Nor do I think that Plutarch's biographies are at all reliable without expert interpretation. See
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There's a reason the best of our scholars are citing all these things with different qualifiers, so don't choose one side and only give that side's reasoning, especially when in Knowledge (XXG) it is normal to exclude primary sources altogether.
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The inconsistency between Caesar's supposed casus belli, protecting the rights of tribunes, and his actions is regularly brought up in the scholarly literature. The sham nature of the casus belli was even brought up in ancient times (see Suet
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I agree with both that argument against seeing known history as a foregone conclusion and the caveat against drawing large scale conclusions based on fragmentary evidence, however, Gruen cautions against drawing any real conclusions from
1877:, his veto was either ignored or his life threatened until he backed down. The episode was embarrassing for Caesar, who omitted mention of it from his commentaries, as it harmed his popularity among the plebs and showed that his claimed
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in protecting the rights of tribunes:" was paraphrasing the book which is a big statement for anyone to make, and I looked at the Amazon reviews to see whether this source could be trusted, only to find that it's a bit of a hagiography
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I would advise not to assume I'm the one trying to soften Caesar's image. In fact, I was a bit furious though I hate to admit it at the start, because I thought your initial edit "This also showed the sham nature of Caesar's supposed
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ends with the start of the civil war and does not discuss the episode before the treasury. Gruen's discussion of Caesar's motive is that (1) Caesar motivate his army with destroying the republic but instead vindicating it (p 492)
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I'm not going to treat the Talk page like a micro-Article page, rather deal with the points of contention and let it materialize how it may. Fundamentally it seems you've misinterpreted or refused to provide secondary sources of
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I'm ... somewhat unclear as to what your response is claiming. I'll divide into two issues. The first is whether Caesar's casus belli was borne out by later events. The second is about Caesar's interactions with Metellus (pl tr
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What's the standard citation â chapter and section; classicists do not cite primary sources by page number â for that? I'd want to take a look in Pelling's commentary. Moreover, Roman censuses were regularly dodged (see eg
1074:- A Numidian general who served the king of Numidia, Juba I, and fought Julius Caesar during Caesar's Civil War. He was crucial to the war in Africa. He decisively defeated Caesars lieutenant Gaius Scribonius Curio at the
1861:, something noted in Dio 41.16â17 and Morstein-Marx 2021 These objections are why Goldsworthy writes that Plutarch says Caesar was there. We should not be repeating dubious primary source claims like this in wiki-voice.
1078:. He would go to command Juba's army in Numidia, while he was fighting Caesar directly before eventually being killed in action. I figure he is important enough to be on the list due to him being Juba's best commander.
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but always have to be distinguished, or are referred to by other names. "Roman Civil War" might seem ambiguous, since it's not usually so called, although I think it's a marginally better title than the present one.
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Well, from "probably Plutarch is wrong" (if you still believe this does make Caesar's statement inverted, not reverted and supports Goldsworthy, or seemingly you actually believe it with Ehrhardt Antichthon 29 and
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I would advise you look into that Gruen section about Asinius if you want an actual understanding of more background to Caesar's civil war, rather than leaving it at "shoddy historian" and moving on to your next
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and (2) that defending tribunes was a "pretext" and "not motive" (p 496). In general this claim of yours also seems very confused. The more Caesar is fighting for dignitas, the more that defending tribunes
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statistic subdivisions but real administrative entities, so they should be listed below, probably using a smaller font: we can safely eliminate the subgrouping by type of intermunicipal entity from this
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as I'll get to) to " sham" for your proposed edit there is no mention of Goldsworthy "possibly" and where he literally says as I said before invert, not revert, weight is portrayed as being all on the
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as intending to deceive, held against the widely accepted clemency as part of Caesar's self-descriptors, I would balk at that descriptor, which is why anything approaching sham doesn't appear in Gruen.
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convinced by Caesar's words and attitude, but most remained wary. The only open resistance to Caesar came from one of the tribunes, Lucius Caecilius Metellus, who began by hindering him in the Senate.
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I'm sorry if I gave the impression that I wanted to complete this article this weekend, or anytime soon, so I will provide an example of the upper-limits of the work it takes to have dueling sources
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R2 - If you require it, this is all from Goldsworthy's lead-up, I didn't separate authors. Having an entire paragraph from one secondary source did look unusual, but it was because of this article
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2310:, p. 36. Caesar's "concern for the 'rights of tribunes' was too obvious a sham... what actually thought about the inviolability of tribunes and their right of veto was unmistakably displayed ".
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mentioning conflicting sources that I made it all one source. Then playing on Goldworthy's small distance from Plutarch quote to mean the senators were not under threat is just more of the same.
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The Roman people found themselves puzzled and perplexed about the origins of this conflict.165 And rightly so: motives for the civil war are nowhere to be found. after the fact as vindication
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lie about why he went to war). I am also confused as to your comment on Raaflaub and Meier. Do you view them differently? I am operating on my recollection of what is in them, signalled with
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If I wanted to capture the full swath of authors' opinions, I would look more into Raaflaub Dignitatis contentio (orig 1974) and Meier Caesar (orig 1982) that seem to really call the
1663:(2021) pp 408â10 discussing impact on the plebs (bad for Caesar), historicity of the story (Plutarch's story probably not historical), and Caesar's extreme anger re Metellus' actions
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10.4.8: Cicero saying Curio, who is a gossip, said Caesar wanted Metellus killed after the matter with the treasury but did not do so because it would be unpopular â LCL 97 p 121)
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I found that I didn't have to put in the work with Goldsworthy's source. I would just have Goldsworthy on the dignitas-means-bluster,-comparable-to-Pompey,-doesn't-mean-sham-of-
2329:, p. 397, noting omission and that "the man who had proclaimed that he was championing the rights of the tribunes in January was now as ready as his opponents... threaten one"
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Re 2. Joining Caesar's claim that senators who remained in Italy were under threat from Pompey, made in the commentaries on the civil war, to a confrontation with Metellus is
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per SMcCandlish. As for the comments by P Aculeius, I think that can be a separate discussion held later. This is, at least, an improvement over the current title. ââ ââ
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as narrowly "false", doesn't elaborate on the origins and is an "after the fact vindication" rather than the general connotation "deceiving." Having the definition of
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kill a tribune if he doesn't stop me from getting the money" is the communis opinio; that the pretext was a sham, as in a lie, is also very widely held. Ehrhardt
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Note that a "substantial majority" is required; in this case, the sources are split almost 50-50, so lowercase capitalization is preferred automatically. Pinging
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It begins by praising Caesar, starting with praising the subject of the biography instead of giving neutral information didn't make the best impression on me.
1068:. Bedsides that, little else is known so I agree with you that, he in particular isn't a important asset to the war and I probably shouldn't have added him.
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Instead of tearing down, you with Goldsworthy's take on historicity or Gruen completely dismissing Asinius Pollio's statement by baselessly claiming the
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related to Caesar's actions with Lucius Metellus in the treasury being inconsistent with claimed war goal of defending the rights of the tribunes.
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The airport is not listed as JoĂŁo Paulo II anywhere. The airport's own website calls itself simply Ponta Delgada, and has no mention of JoĂŁo Paulo.
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I intend to rewrite the passage again to emphasise how this episode was embarrassing for Caesar's casus belli with reference to the above sources:
1537:. In general, ancient sources are awful when it comes to numbers like these. And Plutarch is especially bad. If you're interested in Plutarch's
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move. Turning into a full requested move to allow for discussion given that a move would require non-controversial interpretation of guideline.
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Roller, Duane W., The world of Juba II and Kleopatra Selene: royal scholarship on Rome's African frontier, Taylor & *Francis e-Library, 2004
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dignitas-means-sham-of-casus-belli,-doesn't-mean-bluster,-comparable-to-Pompey and choose sides on Plutarch's historicity from the get go with
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is not at odds with my latest edit. To have none of your first three sources (and Goldworthy's) represented on the page would raise eyebrows.
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this was not a census of all the people, but a revision of the number of poorer citizens entitled to receive allowance of grain from the state
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1409:, since sources do not consistently capitalize this (or even use this exact phrase). This is not a proper name, it's a descriptive phrase.
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Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on the talk page. Editors desiring to contest the closing decision should consider a
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the core thesis of the book is a reaction against Brunt: that nobody in the last generation was intending to kill the republican system
1682:.... what actually thought about the inviolability of tribunes and their right of veto was unmistakably displayed three months later";
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2004). Mere statement that the numbers went down does not mean that we can attribute the entire difference to deaths in the civil war.
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I think that about covers it, and yes I will admit, one day I saw the flashy tables and added wayyy more people than I should have.
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Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page. No further edits should be made to this discussion.
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Anyway, on the substance. I'll soon get into why equating the perfection of Caesar's initial statement implied with the
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1857:. This also probably could not have happened, as Caesar would not have crossed the pomerium before being made dictator
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2005:(it does not apply on talk pages) and the truthfulness of Caesar's casus belli with his clemency. (He can be clement
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in the 20th century mostly, and perhaps avoiding the primary source making no qualms over Caesar apparently being
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his life, claimed by Caesar to have been to been under the same threat as himself by Pompey for staying in Italy
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114:. If you would like to participate, please visit the project page, where you can join the project and see a
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No, no more than we capitalize anything else. When something has a proper name, it's capitalized; this is
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but by that argument, shouldn't we then be capitalising anything and everything of which there's only one?
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including a threat on Metellus' life that then led to Metellus fleeing to Pompey in Macedonia (citing Cic
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Such a statement-whether or not Caesar ever made it-was an obvious apologia for the massacre at Pharsalus
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correct, however, to say that Plutarch is not a very reliable source. But at least he provided a figure.
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Holmes, T. Rice, The Roman Republic and the Founder of the Empire, Vol III, Oxford University Press, 1923
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on Knowledge (XXG). If you would like to participate, please visit the project page, where you can join
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on Knowledge (XXG). If you would like to participate, please visit the project page, where you can join
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on Knowledge (XXG). If you would like to participate, please visit the project page, where you can join
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I created the article about Saburra and my sources are linked but I will link some of the ones I used:
1341:, not because it's a great title, but because the proper name of this war in Roman history is usually
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after discussing it on the closer's talk page. No further edits should be made to this discussion.
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by crossing the Rubicon, and that what everyone is doing millennia later, reading tea leaves from
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side on Knowledge (XXG) doomed when the "authors wise up," that Caesar already broke the law on
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The relevance of Gruen calling Pharsalus a "massacre" is non-existent, as are the long quote of
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engaged with (eg cited at Morstein-Marx 2021 p 409 n 401); real reviews â contra Amazon ones,
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issue, I don't buy that this passage can support the claim of 170k deaths in the war.
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I'm again very unclear as to what you are claiming and why. These lines especially â
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interposed his veto against Caesar's attempt, probably via his soldiers, to raid the
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Goldsworthy, Adrian (2006). "XXI". Caesar: Life of a Colossus. New Haven: Yale Press.
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my latest edit on this article at this time. I'll be sure to continue the practice.
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Gardner (translator), Jane F (1967). Julius Caesar â The Civil War. Penguin Books.
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dignitas means bluster, comparable to Pompey, it doesn't mean sham of casus belli
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dignitas means sham of casus belli, it doesn't mean bluster, comparable to Pompey
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to be a "massacre" it seems telling that you will not expand at all about the
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Nor am I entirely clear as to the meaning or veracity of this portion added:
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fighting for the tribunes; that is why I wrote that passage the way I did.
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29 (1995) p 36 noting Caesar's "concern for the 'rights of tribunes' was
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I have no idea what this response is trying to say. I'm going to tag
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than an actual name for the war, which requires lower-case initials.
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who participated in the original technical move request. Cheers,
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55.5, the old Perrin Loeb includes a footnote that says Suet.
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Sources about this two come from ancient and modern sources.
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This actually means you would be participating in WP:SYNTH:
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Roman and Byzantine military history task force articles
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C-Class Roman and Byzantine military history articles
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I am very unclear as to why you are so insistent on
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1064:- A legate of Caesar who played instrumental in the
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This article has been checked against the following
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Knowledge (XXG):Naming conventions (capitalization)
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1307:that are not already lower case, for consistency.
2465:Knowledge (XXG) level-5 vital articles in History
2409:":::::The Last Generation of the Roman Republic"
2274:sfn error: no target: CITEREFMorstein-Marx2021 (
2251:sfn error: no target: CITEREFMorstein-Marx2021 (
2196:sfn error: no target: CITEREFMorstein-Marx2021 (
2051:Goldsworthy and Gruen to prove is not happening.
1119:Cassius Dio's Roman History (not often accruate)
2540:All WikiProject Classical Greece and Rome pages
2331:sfnm error: no target: CITEREFGoldsworthy2006 (
2215:sfnm error: no target: CITEREFGoldsworthy2006 (
2042:
1922:R1 - It would be better to cite Gruen's use of
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1867:
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1736:
1693:most damningly the episode is seen in Raaflaub
1265:Knowledge (XXG):Manual of Style/Capital letters
1116:Julius Caesar, Commentarii de Bello Civili 2.40
268:Roman and Byzantine military history task force
1976:Instead of tearing down, you with ... massacre
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2560:Knowledge (XXG) pages referenced by the press
2265:
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8:
1881:of protecting tribunician rights was a sham.
1058:Hello Ifly6, just to answer your questions-
128:Knowledge (XXG):WikiProject Military history
2326:
2312:sfn error: no target: CITEREFEhrhardt1995 (
2210:
1788:merely less than than his initial statement
1733:and imposed his veto" on page 396 I assume.
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2355:sfnm error: no target: CITEREFGelzer1968 (
2343:sfnm error: no target: CITEREFRawson1994 (
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2455:Knowledge (XXG) vital articles in History
2293:sfn error: no target: CITEREFMackay2009 (
922:mentioned by multiple media organizations
2307:
108:This article is within the scope of the
2151:
1846:in tension as fighting for dignitas is
1303:, and also move all the ones listed at
1240:This is a contested technical request (
1122:Suetonius, The Twelve Caesars - Caesar.
812:
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30:
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118:. To use this banner, please see the
2495:Classical warfare task force articles
1277:of...reliable sources are capitalized
756:WikiProject Classical Greece and Rome
131:Template:WikiProject Military history
7:
1786:a sham. Caesar's true opinion being
1188:The result of the move request was:
842:This article is within the scope of
753:This article is within the scope of
664:This article is within the scope of
445:Improve key articles to Good article
367:Knowledge (XXG):WikiProject Portugal
347:This article is within the scope of
1972:It would be better to ... deceiving
866:Knowledge (XXG):WikiProject Illyria
60:It is of interest to the following
2490:C-Class Classical warfare articles
1986:29 (1995) p 36 explicitly; Mackay
930:Ernesto Van Der Sar (2012-10-07).
779:Classical Greece and Rome articles
25:
2475:C-Class military history articles
2470:C-Class vital articles in History
2059:a fraud is another point for the
1776:Adrian Goldsworthy, pages 396-397
1224:avoid unnecessary capitalisation
1041:may be automatically archived by
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704:This article has been rated as
387:This article has been rated as
2460:C-Class level-5 vital articles
1917:Harvard manual and plagiarism.
1195:closed by non-admin page mover
1136:Thank you, Have a great day!
1128:Marcus Velleius Paterculus ii.
1:
2555:All WikiProject Illyria pages
2520:Low-importance Spain articles
2510:WikiProject Portugal articles
1520:. The citation to Plutarch's
1518:failed verification? see talk
1410:
860:and see a list of open tasks.
678:and see a list of open tasks.
370:Template:WikiProject Portugal
361:and see a list of open tasks.
1744:Adrian Goldsworthy, page 396
1383:in Roman history, just like
869:Template:WikiProject Illyria
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497:Category:History of Portugal
284:Classical warfare task force
111:Military history WikiProject
18:Talk:Caesar's Civil War
2525:All WikiProject Spain pages
1859:comitiorum habendorum causa
1305:Template:Ancient Roman Wars
2576:
1974:(it feels ungrammatical);
1869:When one of the tribunes,
1624:18:24, 20 March 2024 (UTC)
1594:17:45, 20 March 2024 (UTC)
1567:15:08, 20 March 2024 (UTC)
1551:14:12, 20 March 2024 (UTC)
1234:18:55, 30 April 2022 (UTC)
892:project's importance scale
799:project's importance scale
710:project's importance scale
687:Template:WikiProject Spain
561:Portuguese Knowledge (XXG)
393:project's importance scale
176:Referencing and citation:
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2161:"Amazon Customer Reviews"
1892:Have you any objections?
1871:Lucius Caecilius Metellus
1598:Also, if you go to Plut.
1162:Requested move 1 May 2022
1156:22:03, 3 March 2022 (UTC)
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1902:19:53, 6 July 2024 (UTC)
1800:17:15, 6 July 2024 (UTC)
1719:04:56, 6 July 2024 (UTC)
1488:Please do not modify it.
1176:Please do not modify it.
544:Help assessing articles.
476:Coat of arms of Portugal
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286:(c. 700 BC â c. 500 AD)
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500:: lots to remove there
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1942:Battle of Pharsalus
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2266:Morstein-Marx 2021
2243:Morstein-Marx 2021
2188:Morstein-Marx 2021
1828:is meant to mean:
1680:too obvious a sham
1632:Tribunician rights
1514:reverted your edit
1495:Revert, March 2024
1218:Caesar's civil war
1214:Caesar's Civil War
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1762:casus-belli
1753:casus belli
1730:casus belli
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1181:move review
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550:Need images
469:Os LusĂadas
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2147:References
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1676:Antichthon
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