106:
42:
211:
96:
75:
201:
180:
340:
291:
921:
quite long, and you could consider promoting its 4 sub sections to a heading of their own. Especially because the Hukou system in Taiwan does not have nearly the same level of completeness as mainland china. I also think more links and pictures would help to make the article more interactive with the reader. Overall, great work! Thank you for your contributions to wikipedia!
33:
589:, and thus the heavy reliance on the number of primary sources has been reduced to a minimum. As there was already quite a bit of information in the BBC and Independent articles, I was able to cite the same facts as per the primary sources, reducing reliance on these. I also felt that referencing the word "apartheid" with
873:
Update: My intended changes can now be found in my user sandbox. Essentially, I am planning to edit the section focusing upon the hukou system in mainland China, providing a more comprehensive description of its evolution since the founding of the People's
Republic of China in 1949 and expanding upon
383:
This article contradicts itself. Take the following sentence: "Although an individual is technically required to live in the area designated on his/her permit, in practice the system has largely broken down. After the
Chinese economic reforms, it became possible for some to unofficially migrate and
920:
6ibberish's contributions are a great addition to this article. I think that the article does a very good job of presenting various viewpoints and remaining neutral. The lead is informative and reflective of the remaining article. I think the "Household
Registration system in Mainland china" is
852:
Hello! As part of a class assignment, I am considering editing this article. My edits would potentially include expanding the article to provide a more extensive description of the history, evolution, implementation, and reform of the hukou system. I am also particularly interested in the system's
647:
Based on the last sentence, it sounds like Taiwan is using the
Japanese system. If the Japanese system is a Hukou, then the first sentence should say "where household registration is required by law in mainland China, Taiwan, and Japan. If the Japanese system is different enough that it is not a
508:
I agree with
Amoruso. I oppose this proposed merge, as I believe it should not be discussed or decided in isolation. A precedent was set on Knowledge to refer to "apartheid" in the title of an article about one country that had been accused of "apartheid." That was an unfortunate precedent, but
545:
Much of the content of that article was in fact about Hukou, not about the allegations. In fact, probably well more than 50% of that article was actually about Hukou. How much, if any, can be usefully integrated here is an interesting question. The right answer may be very little, but I don't
1229:
citing citations 17 and 18. Citation 17 is a Globe and Mail article which does not discuss hukou. Citation 18 is a Medium post by someone claiming to have translated a series of text messages which appears in the Globe and Mail article. Should these be given unreliable source tags until better
642:
And in another section we find: "When Taiwan was under
Japanese rule from 1895 to 1945, the Japanese government maintained the same system of household registration (koseki) as they did in other parts of the Empire of Japan. This system of household registration, with minor changes, has been
525:
Irrespective of whether the word "apartheid" may validly appear in another article or not, parts of the deleted article are of great relevance here. I am working on integrating these in my userspace, and will post when I have it in a presentable state. I have a sneaking suspicion that if the
390:"Technology has made it easier to enforce the Hukou system as now the police force has a national database of official Hukou registrations. This was made possible by computerisation in the 1990s, as well as greater co-operation between the different regional police authorities."
634:
First sentence of the article says: "A hukou (Chinese: 户口; pinyin: hùkǒu) or huji (Chinese: 戶籍; pinyin: hùjí) refers to the system of residency permits which dates back to ancient China, where household registration is required by law in mainland China and Taiwan."
638:
Another sentence in the same section says: "A similar household registration system exists within the public administration structures of Japan (koseki), Vietnam (Hộ khẩu) and North Korea (Hoju). In South Korea the Hoju system was abolished on 1 January 2008."
295:
890:
Update: I've edited the opening paragraph of the section "Household registration in the
Chinese mainland" so as to include a broader introduction to the overall hukou system. In the future, I will be adding more information and revamping this section.
344:
401:
in fact enforced in the manner described. This is in contradiction to the previous sentence, which says that the system still exists on paper but is not generally enforced any more. Could somebody with knowledge of the matter please clarify?
46:
1289:
384:
get a job without a valid permit. Economic reforms also created pressures to encourage migration from the interior to the coast. It also provided incentives for officials not to enforce regulations on migration."
666:
That's a good point. My impression was that the system currently in Taiwan is descended from the ancient system applied by the Qing
Dynasty, and so is the same as that in mainland China in form if not in policy
509:
until it is changed, consistency demands that "allegations of apartheid" be treated the same for different countries. Amoruso also refers to the issue of "words to avoid", and there is an ongoing discussion at
1279:
943:
6ibberish has made a lot of great progress on this page. This editor has really filled out the content of this article and made it more comprehensive. I really appreciate the neutrality of this article.
584:
was certainly relevant in the merge, as many of the sentences cited from the 'apartheid' article were directly lazily and unashamedly copied word for word from said footnotes. The article also violated
1294:
1245:
I have added a new source to this section. I am still interested in hearing the consensus on the reliability of citations 17 and 18 and whether or not they should be removed from this section.
670:
If, however, the
Taiwanese system is indeed descended from a sufficiently different Japanese system, then all it shares with the mainland system would be the name, rather than the substance. --
1309:
527:
495:
Maybe not normally but
Allegations of Apartheid sphere of articles is exactly that. Unless apartheid is a word to avoid outside the realm of south africa, it should stay there IMO.
947:
The only changes I would make would be to add more links and pictures. While you could add more information, I feel like there is already a lot going on so it isn't necessary.
1226:
by disallowing them from renting or buying housing in more eastern parts of China, and that any who do manage to leave are commonly forced to return through the system.
1304:
152:
1023:
1019:
1005:
794:
790:
776:
1230:
sources corroborating these claims can be found? I admit that I am still not totally familiar with Knowledge's sourcing guidelines, so I may be off base here.
1274:
762:
360:
315:
1324:
1299:
1284:
716:
system is an area of study in some social science disciplines (sociology, government, etc) - so maybe JSTOR will have a couple of papers on it? --
267:
257:
593:
different and unique citations when those references (and info therein) could have served more widely to populate the article was tantamount to
573:
I have carefully worked on merging the relevant section of the 'apartheid' article in my userspace, and then transferred it in 4 macro steps.
162:
1329:
853:
consequences in regards to inequalities in health, education, and income. A more comprehensive description of my plans is available here:
1094:
Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on the talk page. Editors desiring to contest the closing decision should consider a
1314:
648:
Hukou, then the first sentence should not include Taiwan but rather Taiwan should be listed alongside Japan, Vietnam, and North Korea.
482:, largely criticisms of the Hukou policy, could be merged here. Criticisms should not normally be shuffled off into separate articles.
1001:
When you have finished reviewing my changes, you may follow the instructions on the template below to fix any issues with the URLs.
991:
772:
When you have finished reviewing my changes, you may follow the instructions on the template below to fix any issues with the URLs.
233:
1319:
479:
128:
556:"Allegations of Chinese apartheid" is on the term and its political use, while here aspects of Chinese society are presented. --
513:
of a proposal (which I support) that articles other than those about South Africa should not have "apartheid" in their titles.
1269:
684:
The system used in Taiwan is the ROC (Chinese) system, and where relevant, using the data from the Japanese colonial period.--
343:
This article is or was the subject of a Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment. Further details are available
294:
This article is or was the subject of a Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment. Further details are available
510:
421:
Jiangs edit comment said that Hukou are also issued in Taiwan. If so we need a pointer and article written for the ROC.
1066:
837:
224:
185:
55:
874:
the information provided about its function, rationale, role in inequality, and various efforts to reform the system.
119:
80:
763:
https://web.archive.org/web/20070808024838/http://home.wangjianshuo.com/archives/20060610_hukou_system_in_china.htm
433:
and territories administered by the ROC. Currently the article does not have any reference to the ROC's system. —
127:
related articles on Knowledge. If you would like to participate, please visit the project page, where you can join
1181:
1085:
1022:
to delete these "External links modified" talk page sections if they want to de-clutter talk pages, but see the
793:
to delete these "External links modified" talk page sections if they want to de-clutter talk pages, but see the
721:
675:
1057:
983:
828:
754:
620:
486:
766:
698:
That's not what the article says. Any idea where we can find a reliable source to use to fix the article?
979:
1250:
1235:
1193:
1189:
1095:
1041:
If you have discovered URLs which were erroneously considered dead by the bot, you can report them with
1029:
957:
812:
If you have discovered URLs which were erroneously considered dead by the bot, you can report them with
800:
455:
437:
61:
982:. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit
753:. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit
1149:
926:
612:
407:
32:
1098:
after discussing it on the closer's talk page. No further edits should be made to this discussion.
896:
879:
861:
717:
671:
560:
448:
422:
232:
on Knowledge. If you would like to participate, please visit the project page, where you can join
992:
https://web.archive.org/web/20080226205611/http://www.ukzn.ac.za/ccs/files/Whitehouse%20China.pdf
616:
483:
368:
323:
1026:
before doing mass systematic removals. This message is updated dynamically through the template
797:
before doing mass systematic removals. This message is updated dynamically through the template
1042:
813:
581:
95:
74:
1210:
Human rights activists state that the hukou system has also been used to systematically deny
1246:
1231:
953:
703:
656:
598:
531:
434:
303:
1049:
820:
1167:
1145:
922:
403:
348:
307:
995:
1126:
1114:
1008:, "External links modified" talk page sections are no longer generated or monitored by
892:
875:
857:
779:, "External links modified" talk page sections are no longer generated or monitored by
594:
586:
557:
444:
430:
299:
1048:
If you found an error with any archives or the URLs themselves, you can fix them with
819:
If you found an error with any archives or the URLs themselves, you can fix them with
1263:
689:
577:
364:
352:
319:
216:
1137:
975:
746:
547:
496:
200:
179:
111:
397:
to enforce the system, mentioning this at least strongly implies that the system
17:
1015:
786:
699:
652:
339:
290:
443:
make some, it probably doesn't need a seperate article. You could also link to
1163:
1014:. No special action is required regarding these talk page notices, other than
785:. No special action is required regarding these talk page notices, other than
465:
206:
101:
1122:
1110:
514:
1219:
1215:
685:
767:
http://home.wangjianshuo.com/archives/20060610_hukou_system_in_china.htm
1211:
1144:– Most search hits lead to the system. Disambiguation exists already.
940:
I recently read this article and would like to provide some feedback!
229:
1207:
The last paragraph of the the Rationale and function section reads:
1223:
1141:
124:
854:
611:
Do not leave your comments here. Please leave your comments at
1290:
Knowledge level-5 vital articles in Society and social sciences
26:
478:
Assuming that it's still around, it appears that the section
1188:
Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on this
1254:
1239:
1171:
1153:
1131:
1071:
961:
930:
900:
883:
865:
842:
725:
707:
693:
679:
660:
624:
601:
563:
550:
534:
530:
is endorsed, the battle will spill over to this article ;-)
517:
499:
489:
480:
Allegations of Chinese apartheid#Treatment of rural workers
468:
411:
393:
Even though the wording of the sentence only speaks of the
372:
327:
986:
for additional information. I made the following changes:
757:
for additional information. I made the following changes:
580:
needed to be dealt with instead of just lazily C&P.
1280:
Knowledge vital articles in Society and social sciences
750:
1203:
Problematic Sourcing in Rationale and Function section
996:
http://www.ukzn.ac.za/ccs/files/Whitehouse%20China.pdf
1295:
B-Class vital articles in Society and social sciences
1180:
The above discussion is preserved as an archive of a
334:
Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment
285:
Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment
228:, a collaborative effort to improve the coverage of
123:, a collaborative effort to improve the coverage of
1018:using the archive tool instructions below. Editors
789:using the archive tool instructions below. Editors
1196:. No further edits should be made to this section.
1310:B-Class China-related articles of High-importance
950:Good luck with continued editing to this page!
1004:This message was posted before February 2018.
775:This message was posted before February 2018.
8:
474:Merge from Allegations of Chinese apartheid
1084:The following is a closed discussion of a
974:I have just modified one external link on
745:I have just modified one external link on
597:, so these have been properly refocussed.
174:
69:
464:should we use gender-inclusive language?
361:Template:Dashboard.wikiedu.org assignment
316:Template:Dashboard.wikiedu.org assignment
855:https://en.wikipedia.org/User:6ibberish
511:Wikipedia_talk:Words_to_avoid#Apartheid
359:Above undated message substituted from
314:Above undated message substituted from
176:
71:
30:
1305:High-importance China-related articles
1119:12:16, 5 November 2019 (UTC) — Martin
569:Working comments on merge Aug 7, 2007
7:
1103:The result of the move request was:
222:This article is within the scope of
117:This article is within the scope of
60:It is of interest to the following
447:for the HK and Macau perspective.
25:
978:. Please take a moment to review
749:. Please take a moment to review
1275:Knowledge level-5 vital articles
338:
289:
209:
199:
178:
104:
94:
73:
40:
31:
262:This article has been rated as
157:This article has been rated as
1325:Low-importance Taiwan articles
1300:B-Class China-related articles
1285:B-Class level-5 vital articles
1077:Requested move 27 October 2019
866:05:49, 19 September 2017 (UTC)
387:The very next sentence reads:
1:
1072:13:48, 30 December 2017 (UTC)
726:05:10, 26 November 2008 (UTC)
708:04:00, 25 November 2008 (UTC)
694:05:11, 24 November 2008 (UTC)
680:05:04, 24 November 2008 (UTC)
661:04:00, 21 November 2008 (UTC)
236:and see a list of open tasks.
131:and see a list of open tasks.
1172:09:12, 28 October 2019 (UTC)
1154:17:50, 27 October 2019 (UTC)
1132:12:16, 5 November 2019 (UTC)
962:04:50, 27 October 2017 (UTC)
931:22:01, 25 October 2017 (UTC)
901:01:26, 13 October 2017 (UTC)
373:23:57, 16 January 2022 (UTC)
328:22:38, 17 January 2022 (UTC)
242:Knowledge:WikiProject Taiwan
1330:WikiProject Taiwan articles
884:18:46, 2 October 2017 (UTC)
469:04:40, 26 August 2006 (UTC)
454:I added the first sentence
412:18:40, 14 August 2012 (UTC)
245:Template:WikiProject Taiwan
137:Knowledge:WikiProject China
1346:
1315:WikiProject China articles
1035:(last update: 5 June 2024)
971:Hello fellow Wikipedians,
806:(last update: 5 June 2024)
742:Hello fellow Wikipedians,
602:03:14, 8 August 2007 (UTC)
576:I felt that the breach of
564:00:11, 8 August 2007 (UTC)
551:17:01, 7 August 2007 (UTC)
535:04:53, 7 August 2007 (UTC)
518:18:33, 6 August 2007 (UTC)
500:17:04, 6 August 2007 (UTC)
490:13:51, 6 August 2007 (UTC)
440:04:51, Mar 29, 2005 (UTC)
268:project's importance scale
163:project's importance scale
140:Template:WikiProject China
1255:16:11, 13 July 2024 (UTC)
1240:04:20, 19 June 2024 (UTC)
843:08:41, 6 April 2017 (UTC)
651:Or did I miss something?
625:05:28, 18 June 2008 (UTC)
425:04:45, 29 Mar 2005 (UTC)
261:
194:
156:
89:
68:
1186:Please do not modify it.
1091:Please do not modify it.
458:01:10, 8 Apr 2005 (UTC)
451:04:56, 29 Mar 2005 (UTC)
1320:B-Class Taiwan articles
967:External links modified
738:External links modified
1270:B-Class vital articles
848:Potential Future Edits
630:Confusion about Taiwan
417:More than just the PRC
143:China-related articles
347:. Student editor(s):
298:. Student editor(s):
47:level-5 vital article
1016:regular verification
787:regular verification
613:Talk:Family register
1218:from moving out of
1006:After February 2018
777:After February 2018
546:think it is none.
1162:- Primary topic. -
1060:InternetArchiveBot
1011:InternetArchiveBot
831:InternetArchiveBot
782:InternetArchiveBot
429:It is a system in
379:Self-contradictory
351:. Peer reviewers:
345:on the course page
302:. Peer reviewers:
296:on the course page
225:WikiProject Taiwan
56:content assessment
1130:
1118:
1036:
807:
282:
281:
278:
277:
274:
273:
173:
172:
169:
168:
120:WikiProject China
18:Talk:Hukou system
16:(Redirected from
1337:
1120:
1108:
1093:
1070:
1061:
1034:
1033:
1012:
841:
832:
805:
804:
783:
375:
342:
330:
293:
250:
249:
246:
243:
240:
219:
214:
213:
212:
203:
196:
195:
190:
182:
175:
145:
144:
141:
138:
135:
114:
109:
108:
107:
98:
91:
90:
85:
77:
70:
53:
44:
43:
36:
35:
27:
21:
1345:
1344:
1340:
1339:
1338:
1336:
1335:
1334:
1260:
1259:
1205:
1200:
1089:
1079:
1064:
1059:
1027:
1020:have permission
1010:
984:this simple FaQ
969:
938:
918:
850:
835:
830:
798:
791:have permission
781:
755:this simple FaQ
740:
632:
609:
571:
476:
419:
381:
358:
336:
313:
287:
248:Taiwan articles
247:
244:
241:
238:
237:
215:
210:
208:
188:
159:High-importance
142:
139:
136:
133:
132:
110:
105:
103:
84:High‑importance
83:
54:on Knowledge's
51:
41:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1343:
1341:
1333:
1332:
1327:
1322:
1317:
1312:
1307:
1302:
1297:
1292:
1287:
1282:
1277:
1272:
1262:
1261:
1258:
1257:
1204:
1201:
1199:
1198:
1182:requested move
1176:
1175:
1174:
1135:
1101:
1100:
1086:requested move
1080:
1078:
1075:
1054:
1053:
1046:
999:
998:
990:Added archive
968:
965:
937:
936:Article Review
934:
917:
914:
912:
910:
909:
908:
907:
906:
905:
904:
903:
849:
846:
825:
824:
817:
770:
769:
761:Added archive
739:
736:
735:
734:
733:
732:
731:
730:
729:
728:
718:PalaceGuard008
672:PalaceGuard008
668:
646:
631:
628:
608:
607:Proposed merge
605:
570:
567:
554:
553:
542:
541:
540:
539:
538:
537:
503:
502:
484:Angus McLellan
475:
472:
462:
461:
460:
459:
452:
449:SchmuckyTheCat
445:Right of Abode
431:mainland China
423:SchmuckyTheCat
418:
415:
380:
377:
335:
332:
286:
283:
280:
279:
276:
275:
272:
271:
264:Low-importance
260:
254:
253:
251:
234:the discussion
221:
220:
204:
192:
191:
189:Low‑importance
183:
171:
170:
167:
166:
155:
149:
148:
146:
129:the discussion
116:
115:
99:
87:
86:
78:
66:
65:
59:
37:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1342:
1331:
1328:
1326:
1323:
1321:
1318:
1316:
1313:
1311:
1308:
1306:
1303:
1301:
1298:
1296:
1293:
1291:
1288:
1286:
1283:
1281:
1278:
1276:
1273:
1271:
1268:
1267:
1265:
1256:
1252:
1248:
1244:
1243:
1242:
1241:
1237:
1233:
1227:
1225:
1221:
1217:
1213:
1208:
1202:
1197:
1195:
1191:
1187:
1183:
1178:
1177:
1173:
1169:
1165:
1161:
1158:
1157:
1156:
1155:
1151:
1147:
1143:
1139:
1134:
1133:
1128:
1124:
1116:
1112:
1106:
1099:
1097:
1092:
1087:
1082:
1081:
1076:
1074:
1073:
1068:
1063:
1062:
1051:
1047:
1044:
1040:
1039:
1038:
1031:
1025:
1021:
1017:
1013:
1007:
1002:
997:
993:
989:
988:
987:
985:
981:
977:
972:
966:
964:
963:
959:
955:
951:
948:
945:
941:
935:
933:
932:
928:
924:
916:Editor Review
915:
913:
902:
898:
894:
889:
888:
887:
886:
885:
881:
877:
872:
871:
870:
869:
868:
867:
863:
859:
856:
847:
845:
844:
839:
834:
833:
822:
818:
815:
811:
810:
809:
802:
796:
792:
788:
784:
778:
773:
768:
764:
760:
759:
758:
756:
752:
748:
743:
737:
727:
723:
719:
715:
711:
710:
709:
705:
701:
697:
696:
695:
691:
687:
683:
682:
681:
677:
673:
669:
665:
664:
663:
662:
658:
654:
649:
644:
640:
636:
629:
627:
626:
622:
618:
614:
606:
604:
603:
600:
596:
595:point-pushing
592:
588:
583:
579:
574:
568:
566:
565:
562:
559:
552:
549:
544:
543:
536:
533:
529:
524:
521:
520:
519:
516:
512:
507:
506:
505:
504:
501:
498:
494:
493:
492:
491:
488:
485:
481:
473:
471:
470:
467:
457:
456:70.57.137.163
453:
450:
446:
442:
441:
439:
436:
432:
428:
427:
426:
424:
416:
414:
413:
409:
405:
400:
396:
391:
388:
385:
378:
376:
374:
370:
366:
362:
356:
354:
350:
346:
341:
333:
331:
329:
325:
321:
317:
311:
309:
305:
301:
297:
292:
284:
269:
265:
259:
256:
255:
252:
235:
231:
227:
226:
218:
217:Taiwan portal
207:
205:
202:
198:
197:
193:
187:
184:
181:
177:
164:
160:
154:
151:
150:
147:
130:
126:
122:
121:
113:
102:
100:
97:
93:
92:
88:
82:
79:
76:
72:
67:
63:
57:
49:
48:
38:
34:
29:
28:
19:
1228:
1209:
1206:
1185:
1179:
1159:
1138:Hukou system
1136:
1104:
1102:
1090:
1083:
1058:
1055:
1030:source check
1009:
1003:
1000:
976:Hukou system
973:
970:
952:
949:
946:
942:
939:
919:
911:
851:
829:
826:
801:source check
780:
774:
771:
747:Hukou system
744:
741:
713:
650:
645:
643:continued."
641:
637:
633:
615:. Thanks.--
610:
590:
575:
572:
555:
522:
477:
463:
420:
398:
394:
392:
389:
386:
382:
357:
337:
312:
288:
263:
223:
158:
118:
112:China portal
62:WikiProjects
45:
1247:Wobblymolly
1232:Wobblymolly
1194:move review
1096:move review
954:RiceStudent
712:I know the
599:Ohconfucius
532:Ohconfucius
395:possibility
304:RiceStudent
1264:Categories
1146:Gryffindor
1067:Report bug
923:Dnelson 14
838:Report bug
582:WP:COPYVIO
404:SchnitteUK
349:Miss janae
308:Dnelson 14
1190:talk page
1107:— Martin
1050:this tool
1043:this tool
893:6ibberish
876:6ibberish
858:6ibberish
821:this tool
814:this tool
617:Mak Allen
300:6ibberish
50:is rated
1220:Xinjiang
1216:Tibetans
1192:or in a
1056:Cheers.—
827:Cheers.—
667:purpose.
523:Disagree
365:PrimeBOT
353:Tsadowsk
320:PrimeBOT
1212:Uyghurs
1160:Support
980:my edit
751:my edit
587:WP:PSTS
548:GRBerry
497:Amoruso
266:on the
161:on the
52:B-class
700:Readin
653:Readin
578:WP:SYS
558:tickle
487:(Talk)
438:ntnood
239:Taiwan
230:Taiwan
186:Taiwan
58:scale.
1224:Tibet
1164:Zanhe
1142:Hukou
1105:Moved
466:Yiyun
435:Insta
134:China
125:China
81:China
39:This
1251:talk
1236:talk
1214:and
1168:talk
1150:talk
1127:talk
1123:MSGJ
1115:talk
1111:MSGJ
958:talk
927:talk
897:talk
880:talk
862:talk
722:Talk
714:huji
704:talk
690:talk
676:Talk
657:talk
621:talk
515:6SJ7
408:talk
369:talk
324:talk
153:High
1222:or
1024:RfC
994:to
795:RfC
765:to
686:pyl
528:DRV
363:by
318:by
258:Low
1266::
1253:)
1238:)
1184:.
1170:)
1152:)
1140:→
1125:·
1113:·
1088:.
1037:.
1032:}}
1028:{{
960:)
929:)
899:)
882:)
864:)
808:.
803:}}
799:{{
724:)
706:)
692:)
678:)
659:)
623:)
561:me
410:)
399:is
371:)
355:.
326:)
310:.
306:,
1249:(
1234:(
1166:(
1148:(
1129:)
1121:(
1117:)
1109:(
1069:)
1065:(
1052:.
1045:.
956:(
925:(
895:(
878:(
860:(
840:)
836:(
823:.
816:.
720:(
702:(
688:(
674:(
655:(
619:(
591:n
406:(
367:(
322:(
270:.
165:.
64::
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
