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reptiles, birds, fish, shellfish, insects, krill, zooplankton… This would have to be addressed by changes in the same developing nations whose commitment to reducing CFC and HCFC production doesn’t take effect until the 2040’s. Ending anthropomorphic generation of NO2 in the developed nations that have already ended CFC production would change the amount transported into the upper atmosphere by -5%, much less than the variation in the rate it is destroyed by sunlight, and result in an unmeasurable -0.25% change in the 0.38ppb/year change in concentration. A mandate that would have the effect of reducing the food supply by 60%-80% and raising its cost 2.5x to 5x that can’t produce a measurable effect is impossible for any national government to agree to without being driven from power. Mercifully the model shows 94% feedback on the rate of destruction, i.e. it reaches a steady state value that attenuates the effect of a change in the rate of production by more than 20:1.
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1085:"The main objective of the Multilateral Fund for the Implementation of the Montreal Protocol is to assist developing country parties to the Montreal Protocol whose annual per capita consumption and production of ozone depleting substances (ODS) is less than 0.3 kg to comply with the control measures of the Protocol." -----------this is why references would be useful... appears to be a mistake that calls into question the whole sentence..........
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1192:, but that's only 52 pages, so "Roan" couldn't be a mis-spelling of Rowland. I earned my Masters at UC Irvine, then was employed there as a director of computer labs, thus my interest in a letter to the Chancellor complaining about Rowland's public statements. Sew! where's the letter? I grepped Roan on the article source, found only once at the end of the Abplanalp sentence. The wiki/Abplanalp contains only his obituaries, labeled a stub.
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598:-- Yes. "Developing countries" is used here as a technical short-hand for those countries the Parties refer to as "Article 5 countries." Article 5 countries have limited production of ozone-depleting substances, and are in some sense self-defined, but generally fall beneath certain thresholds for low income and development. The list of countries corresponds very closely to the general understanding.
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The speculative content about
Nitrous Oxide as a candidate for inclusion in the Montreal Protocol is probably misplaced. The primary anthropogenic sources of nitrous oxide in the upper atmosphere are agricultural fertilizer and animal waste in the tropics. NB: animal in the biological sense includes
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Article has only the barest description of what got banned and what got used to replace it. Also, no description of the aspects of the treaty that make it equitable or why it needed to be equitable. Someone should add this material, as most of the value of the article could be in this material. What
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I still see no evidence that CFC's can get "up" into the ozone layer to cause damage. These molecules are very dense. I've see a quick puff of R-12 snuff a smoldeering cigarette butt 10 feet away in about 30 seconds. This substanse creeps along the ground, even high heat cannot make it get higher
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The article currently contains the following sentence: "On a molecule-for-molecule basis, these compounds are up to 10,000 times more potent greenhouse gases than carbon dioxide". I believe this is wrong. Everything I've seen about the climate impact of these compounds is on a per-weight basis, not
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I attempted to point to a name instead of just a reference but made an error. I was also reviewing the reference and was putting the access date. Apparently I need to work on using this system as it only produced a reference error so I self reverted. Under the old way I could simply use a name as a
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BTW, I attended an
Ecology lecture at ASU (PhD in Biology plus post-doctoral study of Ecology) in 1990 where I learned that chlorine in the stratosphere takes from 75 - 115 years (depending on the CFC chemical tranport) before it stops grabbing ozone ions split via UV radiation allowing the oxygen
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The relevant pages (CFC, Ozone depletion, Ultraviolet) are just fine and don't need to be changed. You can easily add the rationale behind the protocol to this article by pointing to the other articles. If somebody wants to know why UV causes cancer, they certainly would not (and should not!) look
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State is the most correct word to use referring to the entities that have ratified the
Montreal Protocol. However, it may be confusing to some US readers, who tend to use 'state' mostly for referring to parts of the USA. Is there a policy or consensus on the usage of 'state' vs. 'country' vs.
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Contributor 209.219.75.98 added a link to a 1998 document from the
Competitive Enterprise Institute that is, IMO, biased, tendentious, and inaccurate on several points. Since the Montreal Protocol is ultimately a matter of politics rather than science, it is not inappropriate to have links to
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Pardon my forward comment, but I am unaware of a Vienna
Amendment signed in 1995, only the Vienna Convention which was initiated in 1985. Is this correct? The basis for my comment is a research paper produced by the national environmental ministry in South Africa. Please provide clarity.
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dissenting views, but I have added a couple of links to more mainstream views in order to provide some balance. (Note that even people like Bjorn
Lomberg nowadays regard ozone depletion as a case where strong environmental regulations were appropriate.) --
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Although the Clean Air Act
Amendments of 1990 may seem like a smart idea, Congress has yet to provide sufficient funds for enforcement. Count the field agents over at EPA. But I digress. --- Wow, I entered "abplanalp uc irvine chancellor letter" at
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One nuance is the following situation: suppose that 1 kg of a banned substance is produced in country A and filled into a refrigerator which is then exported to country B. I believe this still counts against country A, but I can't find a source.
1207:(my new favorite search engine) and turned up half a dozen hits containing the same paragraph as that published herein. The correct citation is: Roan, Sharon (1990). Ozone Crisis, the 15 Year Evolution of a Sudden Global Emergency. Wiley.
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Antigua & Barbuda, Bahamas, Bahrain, Barbados, Brunei Darussalam, Equatorial Guinea, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, Trinidad and Tobago and the United Arab Emirates as high income countries.
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Just wondering about the section referring to inhalers being critical use and still allowed; I heard that evohalers or something of the kind were being produced, and thus old style inhalers were being phased out.
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I will put all the evidence which supports this hypothesis here, as well as evidence that fails to support the hypothesis. Readers can make up their own mind as to whether the facts support the hypothesis.
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I have been told that the protocol allows 'developing countries' to continue producing the banned CFCs. I'm wondering what countries are defined as 'developing' for this purpose. Any ideas?
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1010:- I know personally I'm using a salbutumol evohaler atm, so just thought I'd look for quick sources and post a note, may correct if I have more time or a more informed response.~
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ions to re-combine to form another ozone molecule. If we stopped today, there'd still be another 100 years of depletion ahead of us; we won't stop today. But I digress.
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a redirect to here. If anyone thinks the above line (and its list of articles) belongs here they can merge it in (see the history of that article if interested).
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The definition of "consumption" can be found in
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I am planning to move all the reasons for the protocol to this page. I will leave behind on the relevant pages links to the following argument:
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has a copy. I'm amazed at how one sentence gets propagated all over the place, from
Websters dictionary entry on "ozone", the Full Wiki and
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Is this a "binding" agreement? If so, what are the signatories required to do? What has been the U.S. response to the treaty? What has the
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Changed "recent" to "contemporary" in the first paragraph. "Recent" is always related to the present and so didn't seem to make sense.
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Developing countries must also phase out the listed ozone-depleting substances, but they are on a longer time-frame for the phaseout.
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When you have finished reviewing my changes, you may follow the instructions on the template below to fix any issues with the URLs.
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The article says that 195/196 UN member states have ratified the Protocol. However, there are only 192 member states (according to
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762:-- I agree. Links are more appropriate. This page would be most useful to readers if it stays focused on the Protocol itself.
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1214:. I may have to retract my criticism of the missing reference, that is, if Amazon has a used paperback copy of the book. Maybe
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or both. It's notable IMO and should be covered somewhere in Knowledge, at least as further reading (viewing?). Comments?
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Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page. No further edits should be made to this discussion.
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Definitely should both be the same, and I suspect the shorter name is the way to go (in line with
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on Knowledge. If you would like to participate, please visit the project page, where you can join
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on Knowledge. If you would like to participate, please visit the project page, where you can join
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This article was the subject of a Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment, between
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This article was the subject of a Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment, between
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before doing mass systematic removals. This message is updated dynamically through the template
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before doing mass systematic removals. This message is updated dynamically through the template
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When was the Protocol negotiated? How long did it take? Any interesting diplomacy to discuss?
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I can't find the "Roan, p56" reference. I corrected the link to the Chaffee Memorial Lecture,
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I will try to add something in the text about HCFCs, please correct me if I was to bold ;-) --
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https://web.archive.org/20150306095853/http://www.al.noaa.gov/assessments/2002/Q&As16.pdf
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clickable link that I think would look better but this would be mixing reference styles.
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is listed to be merged with this article. It seems to be all here except the following:
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If you found an error with any archives or the URLs themselves, you can fix them with
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http://stsclimate.soc.ku.dk/papers/grundmannclimatechangeandknowledgepolitics.pdf
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https://ozone.unep.org/treaties/montreal-protocol/articles/article-1-definitions
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The two ozone treaties have been ratified by 197 states and the European Union
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Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change
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after the link to keep me from modifying it. Alternatively, you can add
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it's odd that this article gives no indication of why it is called the
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per-molecule. See for example the page on Global Warming Potential:
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to keep me off the page altogether. I made the following changes:
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The Montreal Protocol is a protocol to a treaty - which treaty?
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Does anyone have a reason to believe the sentence is correct?
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When you have finished reviewing my changes, please set the
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http://www.lungusa.org/site/pp.asp?c=dvLUK9O0E&b=2222599
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I'm not sure this material belongs here. I'm going to make
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Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer
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hay naku bakit niyo yan pinag uusapan h8huhuhuhuhuhuhuhuh
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for additional information. I made the following changes:
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probably deserves a mention either in this article or in
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What Convinced Ronald Reagan to Take Action on Ozone Hole
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I have just added archive links to one external link on
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http://www.al.noaa.gov/assessments/2002/Q&As16.pdf
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http://www.prnewswire.co.uk/cgi/news/release?id=195940
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Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment
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A fact from this article was featured on Knowledge's
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Wiki Education assignment: Plant Ecology Winter 2023
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Strawberry fields forever ozone depleting in america
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Subsequent comments should be made in a new section.
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This reference does not exist at the listed address
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1101:I believe the text is correct: 0.3kg consumption
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810:This is the same america that did Agent Orange:
1783:Mid-importance International relations articles
1571:THE HOLE How Ronnie and Maggie Saved the World
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931:global warming
927:Kyoto Protocol
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1567:Time, 2019.
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1377:source check
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1245:— Preceding
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723:User:Ed Poor
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89:WikiProjects
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1199:mentioned?
1037:—Preceding
914:Amy Goodman
887:58.69.96.37
881:—Preceding
619:David Sturt
318:Environment
303:categorized
291:environment
243:Environment
36:section on
33:On this day
1692:Categories
1607:Alanthehat
1547:Flinker123
1522:Report bug
1161:"Source -
1122:Flinker123
1103:per capita
1062:'nation'?
614:World Bank
1505:this tool
1498:this tool
1403:Cheers. —
1397:this tool
1390:this tool
757:AxelBoldt
77:is rated
28:Main Page
1511:Cheers.—
1313:cbignore
1247:unsigned
1039:unsigned
958:Montreal
939:Stanford
883:unsigned
869:Y Naiker
713:Binding?
577:PrimeBOT
113:Montreal
1588:Andrewa
1435:my edit
1413::Online
1342:checked
1307:my edit
916:, <
854:Schaddm
840:Rparson
784:CFC ban
772:CFC ban
766:CFC Ban
665:-- The
523:on the
434:on the
345:on the
295:neutral
194:on the
79:B-class
30:in the
1321:nobots
1280:Otr500
1226:Hpfeil
1013:Cortal
167:Canada
158:Canada
108:Canada
85:scale.
44:, and
1274:See:
1068:Brown
920:: -->
825:Bbold
819:HCFCs
800:RJFJR
794:When?
788:RJFJR
654:WP:RM
632:WP:RM
307:Read
279:This
66:This
1680:talk
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1633:and
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1592:talk
1551:talk
1346:true
1284:talk
1255:talk
1230:talk
1209:ISBN
1171:talk
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1126:talk
1093:talk
1072:Talk
1064:Eric
1047:talk
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623:talk
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555:and
337:High
297:and
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1371:RfC
1333:to
1066:Wes
975:See
719:EPA
610:IMF
575:by
515:Mid
426:Mid
186:Low
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