Talk:SCADA - Knowledge (XXG)

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squirrel - which does not belong there (if anywhere at all). Entire sections/subsections, e.g. "Alarms", should live on the HMI wiki page (for example), not the SCADA page. Also, the security issues section is a wild goose chase - because threats and vulnerabilities are always shifting, and it's impossible to constantly edit to keep the content fresh (and also tying that content to certain products is unhelpful). I suggest focusing on SCADA as a system, not repeating descriptions of its parts. Focus on field / geographically distributed, versus in-plant and plant-to-plant. And how various industries accomplish the goal in different ways / provide examples. ALSO - if we're going to use diagrams with 'levels', then it would be helpful to reference the Purdue Enterprise Reference Architecture (PERA) which is where this concept originated. ----- About me ----- I'm an engineer. I began working in automation, controls, and SCADA in the 1990s, and transitioned into ICS/OT cybersecurity (where I continue to work today) in the late aughts.

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distributed. Examples include control of pipelines, oil producing fields and in power industry the control (coordination) of distribution and transmission grids. DCS are distributed in that the functions are distributed to differing compute modules. The HMI is one module, the Engineering Workstation is another, Historians are separate modules, the various Gateways are separete computing modules, usually using OPC, to talk to the primary control devices, which might be PLCs, RTUs or specialized devices for turbines, pumps, etc. My background: Spent 20 years at Texaco, 11 supporting, developing and designing control software for Honeywell DCSs, after Texaco spent 4 years consulting mostly in US on securing SCADAs used to control power grid and controllers in substations. Recently finished designing security for Chevron's standardized process control (refinery) infrastructure and am now working on technical architecture for business level interfaces. Jay--

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paper plants and food processing. DCSs also operate in one of two ways - discrete or continuous. Discrete refers to batch jobs where there is a recipe or blend that has a start and distinct stop. Lubricant plants use discrete DCS controls as well as food industry (make 5000 cans of tomato sauce today and 5000 cans of pasta sauce tomorrow). Continuous process control is where once it is started you let it run for as long as you can. Refineries, chemical plants and power plants are examples. In the DCS, the only difference between discrete and continuous is the control logic.

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Again in Manufacturing SCADA systems are used to bring together several autononimous controllers (perhaps from different manufacturers)and present the process information to operators in a concise standard manner; independantly of the controllers own interface. Use of TCP/IP as a communication link is on par with the use of RS232, RS485 links or optic fibre. Also note that OPC is fast making SCADA front ends easier to implement across open systems; again the underlying communication architecture is irrelevant.

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human in the middle) over slow speed links. Closed loop controls are often found in a DCS. The closed loop controls in a DCS are generally found on a campus, where communications via a LAN are common. The open loop controls in a SCADA system generally have very slow reaction times (typically measured in fractions of an hour or more). That is not to say that DCS will never have open loop control or a SCADA system shouldn't have closed loop control. It merely indicates an overall design philosophy. --

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equipment is instantaneous. I will admit that back in the late 70's and early 80's thing where not very fast but those days are way way behind us now. Scada systems now can easily be measured in milliseconds or faster. Maybe I missed something this author was trying to get across. But a scada system is very fast in every aspect of it. (( Madhatter)) 11-16-2011 15:16:02

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in protocols (IEC vs. DNP3) between different regions, but this statement seems to refer to the scale and terminology used in different places. I don't know of any references that support this, and every time I try to search around about it, it all comes back to (essentially) "the Knowledge (XXG) entry says so" .

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I came to this page because I've never heard of SCADA before. I'd like to finish reading the first couple sections and have some idea of what is SCADA and what isn't SCADA. All computers are control systems. All computers do communications. All computers have inputs and outputs. What special and

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Regarding white listing of safe apps etc, I did find likely confirmation, but it was within draft docs of the WG4, version 3, part 4, which I didn't know was a stable release or on the living end of a living document. It was last updated in Sept 2011. Furthermore, it would have been careless to link

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It is not immediately obvious from the article where the statement "In Europe, SCADA refers to a large-scale, distributed measurement and control system, while in the rest of the world SCADA may describe systems of any size or geographical distribution" comes from. I have read about the differences

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The definition of SCADA is getting very muddled due to an excessive number of mainstream articles referring to all industrial control systems as SCADA. However, the generally accepted definition of SCADA is a system which uses predominantly open loop control (in other words, a control system with a

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Forgot to add that DCSs are primarily found in manufacturing environments and the various computing modules are geographically close to each other. Examples of DCS control applications include refineries, chemical plants, power plants, (but some power plants use SCADA software for control) pulp and

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The last sentence of this paragraph, "One such example of this technology is an innovative approach to rainwater harvesting through the implementation of real time controls (RTC).", provides no explanation for how it was implemented, or what made it possible that wasn't present in past generations.

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is reduced, many industries, such as wastewater collection and water distribution, have used existing cellular networks to monitor their infrastructure along with internet portals for end-user data delivery and modification. Cellular network data is encrypted before transmission over the Internet.

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I made a number of revisions this evening. Most were reference related, or grammar, proper formatting of bare svg images, etc. I tried to clean up the designations for "citation needed". And of course, I tried to change the point of view from someone writing this in 2006 or so, and update it to May

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Not necessarily. My company represents a SCADA system that can do complete control using internal logic to eliminate the need for PLC's. Local RTU's can do real time control at the site as well as offer the near real time supervisory control from a remote location. They can send and receive digital

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In Manufacturing SCADA usage is driven by cost saving achieved through automation. Most SCADA packages can deal with many different controllers so perhaps just quote Control Industrial Processes such as Civil Engineering; Trafic Lights/Mass Transit; Process Control (Automation of Manufacturing)etc.

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The distinction between SCADA and DCS is somewhat accurate but incomplete. Yes, SCADA systems coordinate control devices such as PLCs and RTUs or specialized primary control devices - but in many ways so do DCSs. SCADA systems are also usually found in control applications that are geographically

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The whole section on Fourth Generation - Internet of Things seems to be a suggestion/prediction. Even Abbas's 2014 paper, "Future SCADA challenges and the promising solution: the agent-based SCADA" also suggest the next generation after Fourth Generation - Web-based to be Agent-based. But both IoT

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I worked in SCADA years ago and I always heard it pronounced SCæDʌ (first A long, second A, like "uh"). I'm hearing the term used more and more in the press, but often with different pronunciations. There are discussions on the net about this. Is there an authority on such matters that we could

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My concern was that in clarifyng wherever it said "citation needed", that I didn't link directly to something that was unnecessarily umm detailed for Knowledge (XXG). I truly wanted to remove that section about ICA and the WG4 "eventually" having standards established by 2011, as that was so very

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The biggest difference lies in the design philosophy : top down or bottom up. DCS remain top down seeing the control system as an integrated whole; SCADA systems remain a bottom up mix of sub-systems generating a totality that superficially appears (if properly engineered) indistinguishable from a

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there is a paragraph on SCADA as a hosted service. Can we get a good reference that identifies this as trend? I know some vendors have already been doing this for a long time through their services departments rather offering it as a product. I realize the content may have initially appeared as an

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I think this is a very good discussion of SCADA though as usual tending to blur SCADA and DCS - may be what it requires is a 'simple' explanation at the top - I came to this page after checking the DCS page and adding what I hope may be a clarifying difference between SCADA/PLC and DCS - and yes I

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I think Gadz and Gary84 are missing a few details: SCADA is a design philosophy, not a product. You don't go to a store and buy a piece of SCADA. Toward that end, ModbusRTU is a protocol. It can be part of a SCADA system if it is used that way. The whole thrust of a SCADA sytem is that one is

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Also , the article seems to merge the definitions of SCADA and DCS. Traditionally SCADA consisted of RTUs and Master Stations over Geographically Distributed areas. It was defined as a Supervisory Control And Data Aquisition system which included both RTUs, Master Stations and the communications

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Correct Gadz, I noticed it and I didn't change it. Probably the differences between PLCs and RTUs are becoming less clear in time? I think Communications between centres ("SCADA" or "DCS") becoming faster and simpler, protocols like ICCP, make the difference between scada or dcs less important and

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Something completely different: I noticed that in fact all external links point to commercial websites and can be seen as advertisements or commercial links. It is safe to assume this is not allowed or should not be allowed. Ramkay's link ( www.m-indya.com/scada/ further down on this page ) is the

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Page 15 “In a DCS, the data acquisition and control functions are performed by a number of distributed microprocessor-based units situated near to the devices being controlled or the instrument from which data is being gathered. DCS systems have evolved into systems providing very sophisticated …

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Here is a reference: Practical SCADA for Industry, Bailey, David and Wright, Edwin, Newnes (publisher), 2003. Page 12 “A SCADA systems means a system consisting of a number of remote terminal units (or RTUs) collecting field data connected back to a master station via a communications system. The

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Finally, I was uneasy about removing the section about ICIS, as it had been there so long. However, when I searched the ICA website, it led me to Excida LLC website, and I couldn't determine if that certification was truly associated in an exclusive and unique way with ICA WG4 or was just another

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If the missing citation refers to the claim that whitelists are being implemented _because_ they provide security without the performance hit of an antivirus scan, then I believe the tag is unduly applied. It is a fact of the architecture of whitelisting that it does not require scanning. It is

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Agreed - This entire article could be greatly simplified and shortened. Elaborating on the opening paragraph would be helpful, while repeating content found on other wiki pages (PLC, DCS, RTU) is of no value. Not to mention - the first footnote on construction management is a complete tangent - a

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commands and data. Thus, control loops are not meant to be closed through a SCADA system. They're meant to go no further than the RTU. Upon loss of communications, the RTU is intended to continue working with its control loops and perhaps to execute some sort of local control strategy to keep

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I don't think speculation of what the future may bring has much relevance in an article such as this. Besides, hosting a SCADA service doesn't seem like a terribly bright idea to me. The latency, security and liability problems for a service provider aren't trivial. If this is a trend of the

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A scada system does things in real time. It is not slow by any stretch. Unless you count the time an operator does nothing while an alarm is sounding. I have designed build and installed SCADA systems that use fiber optic and Ethernet communications. Real time information coming into a PCL from

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In response to the cleanup template, I have now removed repetition and deviation, and formatted the narrative logically. Random statements have been removed, multiple technical terms have been rationalised to those actually used, and the concept of a control hierarchy and the similarities and

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I removed the following paragraph. It is misleading because it suggests that connecting SCADA systems to the Internet can be secure if cellular networks are used. Cellular data is encrypted, but this only over the cellular access network i.e. it is only encrypted between the end user cellular

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Today Control Systems combine the technologies from SCADA systems, DCS systems and internet technologies to form all sorts of hybrid solutions that have more do to with engineering control system solutions and less about the technical definitions that gave birth to these technologies.

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I haven't found any bibliography referring to SCADA using IoT as "fourth generation". Was this made up in this article? NCS' PDF only lists the first 3 generations (it's from 2004), I understand the fourth one would be logical but there should be some reference to support that.

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DCS implies a top down factory wide solution to a process. The process is whatever the factory as a whole makes (ok in refineries there will be autonominous units that equate in practice to seperate factories). Alarms and reports are generated by the DCS

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Sorry the reference to SCADA and 'an HMI' destroys the argument that they are the same thing. A DCS is based on top down methodology with single point of engineering as a given; therefore the HMI is not a separate entity; nor is the database etc.

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PLCs were more associated with DCS systems and were closed loop systems. Feedback from field IO was expected to be immediate where SCADA was traditionally expected to log field changes and send them back in bursts (though not always the case).

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I've just inlinked this page from NOC; please let me say that this article, while on a topic that's a touch esoteric, is *very* well written. In today's environment, I'm not sure you'd wanna feature it (no sense giving the Bad Guys<tm:

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certification program and not necessarily for SCADA or industrial control systems (even though it might have been back in 2009). I checked websites etc, remained uncertain, so replaced that part with the quote from InHit magazine via ICA.

766:: "Ice is cold. Ice floats. Ice has fourteen phases:... Ice can be an insulator, in the following ways..." and the article never got around to mentioning that ice was the solid phases of water. The article says a very great deal 1150:"Additionally, application whitelisting solutions are being implemented because of their ability to prevent malware and unauthorized application changes without the performance impacts of traditional antivirus scans ." 1653: 582:

oh, by the way, I removed all links that can easily be found by googling. I humbly apologize if by doing so I hurt someone's business, if I removed a link from a sponsor of this site I'll put it back personally.

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also a fact of operation that a scan imposes a performance cost. To implement whitelisting is therefore a simple optimization based on the facts at hand, not an opinion that requires an authoritative source.

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Is this section really appropriate for an encylopedia? It seems like someone's predictions and opinions and not what Knowledge (XXG) is about. Also, I don't agree with it but lets not argue opinions here.

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SCADA/PLC implies a bottom up solution - frequently ending up in an accidental fatory wide solution. Alarms are generated by the individual PLC's. Reports are generated by querrying the PLC's

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Is it the fact a set of industrial and/or scientific tools are involved? Could email software be considerd SCADA? Could an SNMP controller? What about a home network using X10 devices?

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https://archive.is/20120525053210/http://www.computerworld.com/s/article/print/9185419/Siemens_Stuxnet_worm_hit_industrial_systems?taxonomyName=Network+Security&taxonomyId=142

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references. I didn't want to change any of the companies that were linked to, as it appeared you all had been pretty thorough about weeding out gratuitous advertising links.

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future, I haven't heard of many sales. I propose that the text concerning this be deleted on the grounds that it is speculative, unusual, and unproven as a business model.

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I fixed the assertion. Most of the differences between Europe and North America are a matter of which standards are in use, not conceptual issues such as what SCADA means.

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SCADA systems are not control systems, but the article hints as such. The word "control" in SCADA is qualified by "supervisory". I just hope some expert rewrites this page.

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This link is a knowledge base on Scada www.m-indya.com/scada/ . I am sure some may find it useful. If anyone else agrees then this link can be added to the external links?

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The Systems concepts section has a list of vendors that I cleaned up. (Disclaimer: I have a relationship with GE Fanuc and I want to make sure I did it in a NPOV way.)

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master station displays the acquired data and also allows the operator to perform remote control tasks.” “SCADA has the connotation of remote or distant operation.”

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P.S. I should add that my knowledge comes from the SCADA systems I worked on in the early 90s (technology developed in the 80s.. maybe 70s) by Leeds and Northrup.

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http://web.archive.org/web/20090107085040/http://www.c4-security.com/SCADA%20Security%20-%20Generic%20Electric%20Grid%20Malware%20Design%20-%20SyScan08.pps

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refer to here? Even if there is controversy, perhaps we should have a section that mentions the controversy and who pronounces it in the different ways.

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I alphabetized the list, added Knowledge (XXG) links where appropriate, and moved SUPCON and Telvent from PLC hardware/software to HMI software list.

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product moving or perhaps to safely shut down. Also, I agree with Gary84, Wonderware is an HMI, an element of a SCADA system, not a "SCADA product".

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http://www.computerworld.com/s/article/print/9185419/Siemens_Stuxnet_worm_hit_industrial_systems?taxonomyName=Network+Security&taxonomyId=142

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Abbas 2014 provides reference for Fourth Generation to be "Web-based" but nothing on IoT as the next or fifth generation. Considering to remove.

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We go by what reliable sources use, and they mostly use the acronym. Articles titled by acronyms are not unheard of if that is the common name.

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2012. I looked up the correct ISBN's from Springer etc for the 1st ever "hardware malware" in Australia, and tried to convert bare URL's into

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I undid the addition of LABTEKNIX to the list of SCADA suppliers. What is it? Google, Yahoo, and Microsoft Live searches find no references.

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https://web.archive.org/web/20131021181958/http://www.fastcompany.com/biomimicry/how-the-internet-of-things-is-turning-cities-into-organisms

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I agree, and these links are not necessary. I'll take them out in a few days, unless someone comes up with a good reaso to let them be. --

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Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on the talk page. Editors desiring to contest the closing decision should consider a

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When you have finished reviewing my changes, you may follow the instructions on the template below to fix any issues with the URLs.

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and Agent-based are predictions and should not be added here. When either becomes as ubiquitous as Web SCADA, then please add it.

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networks in between. These days a few Marketing gurus from companies like Wonderware and Citect have branded the HMI's as SCADA.

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advert, but I think there's some worth in the paragraph. I tried to add some balancing information, but it's not well sourced. --

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Modbus is not a SCADA product, it is a communication protocol like Proflibus. Wonderware is a better example of a SCADA product

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The link for ncs appears to be broken (actually I can't reach ncs.gov at all). I think this is the same file but I'm not sure:

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In the discussion on how security threats can be mitigated, the following sentence has been tagged as needing a citation:

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Citect is now part of Schneider Electric. Is CitectSCADA still sold by Citect as a company or is it just sold by Schneider?

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Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page. No further edits should be made to this discussion.

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I've rewritten the opening paragraph. I hope this fixes the problems you have understanding what a real SCADA system is.

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If anyone (perhaps the contributor who added that statement) knows, a reference would be nice, or some explanation.

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Adroit seems to be the product rather than the company. Is CIMNET the company or is it now fully part of Wonderware?

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Does anybody know about the SCADA system which works on Windows and Linux? We are interested in Modbus protocl...

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I agree. I feel this section ought to be deleted. One doesn't read an encyclopedia for future prognostications.

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http://www.c4-security.com/SCADA%20Security%20-%20Generic%20Electric%20Grid%20Malware%20Design%20-%20SyScan08.pps

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to delete these "External links modified" talk page sections if they want to de-clutter talk pages, but see the

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to delete these "External links modified" talk page sections if they want to de-clutter talk pages, but see the

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Removed all advertisements in the SCADA Security Issues Section. Take a look, let me know what you thing.--

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If you have discovered URLs which were erroneously considered dead by the bot, you can report them with

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If you have discovered URLs which were erroneously considered dead by the bot, you can report them with

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on Knowledge (XXG). If you would like to participate, please visit the project page, where you can join

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on Knowledge (XXG). If you would like to participate, please visit the project page, where you can join

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on Knowledge (XXG). If you would like to participate, please visit the project page, where you can join

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Isn’t the article intended for an audience that doesn’t already know the information in the article?

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http://web.archive.org/web/20120813015252/http://gspp.berkeley.edu:80/iths/Tsang_SCADA%20Attacks.pdf

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The lists seem to be listing companies and not products. Given that, I have a couple of questions:

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after discussing it on the closer's talk page. No further edits should be made to this discussion.

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http://www.fastcompany.com/biomimicry/how-the-internet-of-things-is-turning-cities-into-organisms/

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Perhaps a link to an article detailing it's use could be added, or the sentence could be removed.

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If there's anything you didn't like, or want me to change back, I will do so. I would like it if

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before doing mass systematic removals. This message is updated dynamically through the template

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before doing mass systematic removals. This message is updated dynamically through the template

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Note that it might be more appropriate (less controversial) just to remove the list of vendors.

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https://scadahacker.com/library/Documents/ICS_Basics/SCADA%20Basics%20-%20NCS%20TIB%2004-1.pdf

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DirectLOGIC seems to be the product rather than the company. Is Automation Direct the company?

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What North America means here ? Mexico, USA and Canada ? Or just Canada and USA? Or just USA?

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Hello Ramkay. You asked this same m-indya.com link question up above and the answer is no. (

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In essence SCADA ain't SCADA anymore. It would be better to call them all Control Systems.

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Please apply the {{copyright}} template to the article if a copyright may be infringed. --

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http://web.archive.org/web/20130620125607/http://www.cpni.gov.uk:80/advice/cyber/scada/

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or ANYONE who is still actively watching this page review my changes.. just in case. --

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If you found an error with any archives or the URLs themselves, you can fix them with

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If you found an error with any archives or the URLs themselves, you can fix them with

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and analog signals based on programmed logic to control most systems attached to it.

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All those links make the article look like an advert. Are they all really necessary?

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distinction from DCS explained. Links added. SCADA added to manufacturing template.

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work in a job where I have to deal with both SCADA/PLC solutions and DCS solutions.

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control capability.” “The data highway is normally capable of fairly high speeds…”

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Hi HaPi, Do you think we should add this link in the external links? --

572:-indeed- the whole thing could as well be called Control Systems. -- 1634:

https://web.archive.org/web/20150811051350/http://scadahistory.com/

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When you have finished reviewing my changes, please set the

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for reasons why adding the m-indya.com link is a bad idea. (

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Nope. I don't think the m-indya.com link should be added. (

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for additional information. I made the following changes:

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for additional information. I made the following changes:

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User:Cyberpower678/FaQs#InternetArchiveBot*this simple FaQ

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I agree. Reading this, I felt like I was reading about

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unique features are required to earn the SCADA moniker?

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On 14 August 2023, it was proposed that this article be

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http://gspp.berkeley.edu/iths/Tsang_SCADA%20Attacks.pdf

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to the PDF from WP given the nature of the document.

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I recommend that the citation-needed tag be removed.

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Looks like advertising is slowly creeping back in...

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C-Class Computer hardware articles of Low-importance

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http://ref.web.cern.ch/ref/CERN/CNL/2000/003/scada/

336:, a collaborative effort to improve the coverage of 249:, a collaborative effort to improve the coverage of 91:, a collaborative effort to improve the coverage of 1680:using the archive tool instructions below. Editors 1535:using the archive tool instructions below. Editors 1259:practice to avoid connecting SCADA systems to the 709:http://www.divergentcontrologic.com/SCADAMain.htm 680:any extra ideas, but still... Nice job, all. -- 1388:Removing Fifth Generation - Internet of Things. 502:only one I can see as useful for this article -- 1666:This message was posted before February 2018. 1521:This message was posted before February 2018. 1871:National Aeronautics and Space Administration 8: 1943:C-Class software articles of Low-importance 1746:The following is a closed discussion of a 1493:http://www.cpni.gov.uk/advice/cyber/scada/ 707:There's also parts copied straight out of 617: 282: 198: 47: 1958:Low-importance Computer hardware articles 1616:I have just modified 3 external links on 1451:I have just modified 3 external links on 1796:Supervisory control and data acquisition 408:Supervisory control and data acquisition 350:Knowledge (XXG):WikiProject Engineering 284: 200: 49: 19: 1317:Fourth Generation - Internet of Things 263:Knowledge (XXG):WikiProject Technology 1810:This is a contested technical request 1510:to let others know (documentation at 1248:equipment and the service provider. 113:Knowledge (XXG):WikiProject Computing 7: 1765:The result of the move request was: 330:This article is within the scope of 243:This article is within the scope of 85:This article is within the scope of 1988:Mid-importance Engineering articles 38:It is of interest to the following 1953:C-Class Computer hardware articles 14: 1928:Low-importance Computing articles 1620:. Please take a moment to review 1455:. Please take a moment to review 1255:Although some believe it is good 1993:WikiProject Engineering articles 1938:Low-importance software articles 1905:The discussion above is closed. 688:Possible copyright infringement? 395: 353:Template:WikiProject Engineering 317: 307: 286: 230: 220: 202: 78: 51: 20: 1978:WikiProject Technology articles 370:This article has been rated as 266:Template:WikiProject Technology 133:This article has been rated as 1807:) 23:39, 12 August 2023 (UTC) 1772:closed by non-admin page mover 1354:Source for "Fourth Generation" 995:21:02, 28 September 2007 (UTC) 983:09:35, 28 September 2007 (UTC) 934:Systems concepts - Vendor list 907:16:59, 20 September 2006 (UTC) 770:SCADA, but not much about the 116:Template:WikiProject Computing 1: 1824:) 23:10, 14 August 2023 (UTC) 1785:19:11, 3 September 2023 (UTC) 1739:Requested move 14 August 2023 1067:02:15, 18 February 2008 (UTC) 1037:21:16, 16 November 2011 (UTC) 974:SCADA are not control systems 495:01:48, 17 February 2009 (UTC) 344:and see a list of open tasks. 257:and see a list of open tasks. 179:This article is supported by 155:This article is supported by 107:and see a list of open tasks. 1983:C-Class Engineering articles 1799:– Title is an abbreviation. 1734:02:43, 13 January 2018 (UTC) 1332:21:20, 2 December 2014 (UTC) 1312:13:39, 19 October 2013 (UTC) 1289:12:17, 24 October 2012 (UTC) 1194:10:47, 30 October 2010 (UTC) 889:07:18, 14 January 2009 (UTC) 716:03:33, 31 January 2006 (UTC) 182:Computer hardware task force 1973:C-Class Technology articles 1900:11:57, 29 August 2023 (UTC) 1883:10:38, 29 August 2023 (UTC) 1857:23:10, 14 August 2023 (UTC) 1842:16:01, 27 August 2023 (UTC) 1406:Broken reference link (NCS) 969:16:17, 20 August 2007 (UTC) 811:14:59, 3 October 2019 (UTC) 2009: 1923:C-Class Computing articles 1697:(last update: 5 June 2024) 1613:Hello fellow Wikipedians, 1552:(last update: 5 June 2024) 1448:Hello fellow Wikipedians, 1174:Platform Independent SCADA 1012:22:50, 27 April 2008 (UTC) 870:21:24, 30 April 2007 (UTC) 854:21:05, 9 August 2006 (UTC) 779:12:42, 22 March 2006 (UTC) 558:21:24, 30 April 2007 (UTC) 534:06:12, 30 April 2007 (UTC) 507:13:29, 15 April 2007 (UTC) 376:project's importance scale 139:project's importance scale 1933:C-Class software articles 1438:14:58, 30 July 2015 (UTC) 1169:12:42, 31 July 2010 (UTC) 1122:23:36, 17 July 2008 (UTC) 1087:SCADA as a hosted service 834:12:15, 12 June 2006 (UTC) 757:01:41, 2 March 2006 (UTC) 728:13:40, 23 June 2007 (UTC) 684:07:02, 30 Jan 2005 (UTC) 588:20:51, 10 July 2006 (UTC) 577:20:51, 10 July 2006 (UTC) 476:20:00, 28 July 2009 (UTC) 456:20:08, 28 July 2009 (UTC) 369: 302: 215: 178: 154: 132: 73: 46: 1907:Please do not modify it. 1753:Please do not modify it. 1638:http://scadahistory.com/ 1587:06:15, 3 June 2016 (UTC) 1423:19:41, 1 July 2015 (UTC) 1398:03:43, 17 May 2019 (UTC) 1384:02:43, 17 May 2019 (UTC) 1369:19:41, 1 July 2015 (UTC) 1348:03:43, 17 May 2019 (UTC) 1106:13:31, 30 May 2008 (UTC) 825:07:31, 16 May 2006 (UTC) 703:22:31, 2005 May 15 (UTC) 632:22:22, 1 July 2024 (UTC) 1609:External links modified 1444:External links modified 1238:15:30, 2 May 2012 (UTC) 1082:16:56, 9 May 2008 (UTC) 1043:Europe versus The World 921:16:58, 9 May 2008 (UTC) 795:17:24, 9 May 2008 (UTC) 665:17:24, 9 May 2008 (UTC) 333:WikiProject Engineering 1968:All Computing articles 1143:Remove Citation-Needed 897:Future trends in SCADA 246:WikiProject Technology 175: 151: 101:information technology 28:This article is rated 1948:All Software articles 742:Clarity of definition 174: 150: 88:WikiProject Computing 32:on Knowledge (XXG)'s 1678:regular verification 1533:regular verification 1257:security engineering 356:Engineering articles 158:WikiProject Software 1668:After February 2018 1523:After February 2018 1502:parameter below to 1243:SCADA over internet 692:Look at this page: 269:Technology articles 1722:InternetArchiveBot 1673:InternetArchiveBot 1528:InternetArchiveBot 594:Merged Definitions 325:Engineering portal 176: 152: 119:Computing articles 34:content assessment 1844: 1825: 1775: 1698: 1585: 1553: 1428:Ok, I changed it 1292: 1275:comment added by 1184:comment added by 1069: 1057:comment added by 1027:comment added by 634: 622:comment added by 422: 421: 390: 389: 386: 385: 382: 381: 281: 280: 277: 276: 238:Technology portal 197: 196: 193: 192: 2000: 1826: 1808: 1798: 1769: 1755: 1732: 1723: 1696: 1695: 1674: 1581: 1580:Talk to my owner 1576: 1551: 1550: 1529: 1517: 1291: 1269: 1196: 1052: 1039: 904:-Crunchy Numbers 701:Fingers-of-Pyrex 650:supposed to use 410:. The result of 399: 398: 392: 358: 357: 354: 351: 348: 327: 322: 321: 311: 304: 303: 298: 290: 283: 271: 270: 267: 264: 261: 240: 235: 234: 224: 217: 216: 206: 199: 121: 120: 117: 114: 111: 82: 75: 74: 69: 66: 55: 48: 31: 25: 24: 16: 2008: 2007: 2003: 2002: 2001: 1999: 1998: 1997: 1913: 1912: 1911: 1910: 1794: 1751: 1741: 1726: 1721: 1689: 1682:have permission 1672: 1626:this simple FaQ 1611: 1594: 1584: 1579: 1544: 1537:have permission 1527: 1511: 1446: 1408: 1356: 1319: 1304:JordanHenderson 1299: 1297:Pronounciation? 1270: 1245: 1202: 1179: 1176: 1145: 1132: 1093:Trends in SCADA 1089: 1045: 1022: 992:Utilitysupplies 976: 936: 928: 899: 818: 744: 735: 725:John Vandenberg 690: 676: 646: 640: 596: 569: 483: 481:No more adverts 463: 427: 396: 355: 352: 349: 346: 345: 323: 316: 296: 268: 265: 262: 259: 258: 236: 229: 118: 115: 112: 109: 108: 67: 61: 29: 12: 11: 5: 2006: 2004: 1996: 1995: 1990: 1985: 1980: 1975: 1970: 1965: 1960: 1955: 1950: 1945: 1940: 1935: 1930: 1925: 1915: 1914: 1904: 1903: 1902: 1885: 1788: 1763: 1762: 1748:requested move 1742: 1740: 1737: 1716: 1715: 1708: 1661: 1660: 1652:Added archive 1650: 1642:Added archive 1640: 1632:Added archive 1610: 1607: 1593: 1592:Cleanup - 2016 1590: 1577: 1571: 1570: 1563: 1496: 1495: 1487:Added archive 1485: 1477:Added archive 1475: 1467:Added archive 1445: 1442: 1441: 1440: 1407: 1404: 1403: 1402: 1401: 1400: 1355: 1352: 1351: 1350: 1318: 1315: 1298: 1295: 1294: 1293: 1265:attack surface 1251: 1244: 1241: 1213:out of date. 1201: 1198: 1175: 1172: 1144: 1141: 1131: 1128: 1126: 1110: 1088: 1085: 1044: 1041: 1017: 1015: 1014: 998: 997: 975: 972: 959: 958: 955: 952: 935: 932: 927: 926:North America? 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468:Jay abshier 461:Distinction 448:Jay abshier 347:Engineering 338:engineering 294:Engineering 1917:Categories 1830:Relisting. 1767:not moved. 1729:Report bug 1390:Tinkerwiki 1376:Tinkerwiki 1340:Tinkerwiki 1277:XtraChewy0 1200:I was bold 985:hi_pedler 867:Requestion 776:TreyHarris 772:definition 555:Requestion 531:Requestion 260:Technology 251:technology 210:Technology 1814:permalink 1712:this tool 1705:this tool 1567:this tool 1560:this tool 1230:FeralOink 1226:Scadateer 1207:bona fide 1114:Scadateer 1074:Scadateer 1004:Scadateer 980:Hi pedler 913:Scadateer 881:AWoodland 787:Scadateer 720:Copyvio? 657:Scadateer 425:Reference 416:not moved 110:Computing 97:computing 93:computers 59:Computing 1718:Cheers.— 1573:Cheers.— 1285:contribs 1273:unsigned 1261:Internet 1182:unsigned 1055:unsigned 1025:unsigned 620:unsigned 64:Software 1875:ᴢxᴄᴠʙɴᴍ 1869:is not 1622:my edit 1599:Dougsim 1583::Online 1500:checked 1457:my edit 1263:so the 1091:In the 851:Petedtm 682:Baylink 374:on the 137:on the 30:C-class 1888:Oppose 1863:Oppose 1508:failed 1430:Tharos 1415:Tharos 1361:Tharos 860:ramkay 754:Ebyrob 733:Glib ? 713:Rejnal 638:Modbus 517:Ramkay 99:, and 36:scale. 1791:SCADA 1618:SCADA 1453:SCADA 822:Kevin 768:about 613:Gadz 404:moved 1896:talk 1867:NASA 1853:talk 1838:talk 1822:talk 1805:talk 1781:talk 1603:talk 1504:true 1434:talk 1419:talk 1394:talk 1380:talk 1365:talk 1344:talk 1328:talk 1308:talk 1281:talk 1234:talk 1190:talk 1165:talk 1139:DCS 1118:talk 1102:talk 1078:talk 1063:talk 1033:talk 1008:talk 917:talk 885:talk 831:HaPi 807:talk 791:talk 661:talk 628:talk 585:HaPi 574:HaPi 550:and 547:See 504:HaPi 497:... 491:talk 472:talk 452:talk 414:was 1816:). 1686:RfC 1656:to 1646:to 1636:to 1541:RfC 1518:). 1506:or 1491:to 1481:to 1471:to 764:Ice 679:--> 406:to 366:Mid 129:Low 1919:: 1898:) 1881:) 1873:. 1855:) 1840:) 1827:— 1793:→ 1783:) 1750:. 1699:. 1694:}} 1690:{{ 1605:) 1554:. 1549:}} 1545:{{ 1516:}} 1512:{{ 1436:) 1421:) 1396:) 1382:) 1367:) 1346:) 1330:) 1310:) 1287:) 1283:• 1236:) 1192:) 1167:) 1120:) 1104:) 1080:) 1065:) 1035:) 1010:) 964:-- 919:) 887:) 809:) 793:) 723:. 663:) 630:) 583:-- 493:) 474:) 454:) 446:-- 189:). 165:). 95:, 62:: 1894:( 1879:ᴛ 1877:( 1851:( 1836:( 1820:( 1812:( 1803:( 1779:( 1774:) 1770:( 1731:) 1727:( 1714:. 1707:. 1601:( 1569:. 1562:. 1432:( 1417:( 1392:( 1378:( 1363:( 1342:( 1326:( 1306:( 1279:( 1232:( 1188:( 1163:( 1116:( 1100:( 1076:( 1061:( 1031:( 1006:( 915:( 883:( 872:) 805:( 789:( 659:( 626:( 560:) 536:) 489:( 470:( 450:( 418:. 378:. 141:. 42::

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