Talk:Special relativity - Knowledge (XXG)

2978:, but I found your original wording confusing. "In a spacetime setting the length of a rigid object is defined by the spatial distance of the two events made up of the ends of this object at the same time." The ends of the object are not events, but follow world lines. So you intended that the length of the object should mean the spatial distance between two events, having the same time coordinates, selected from the world lines of the two ends. This spatial distance would, in general, be less than the length measured in the rest frame of the object (i.e. its proper length). In the rest frame of the object, however, it is not at all necessary that the selected events have the same time coordinate. 489: 971:. Lorentz considered local time not to be "real"; rather, it represented an ad hoc change of variable. Impressed by Lorentz's "most ingenious idea", Poincaré saw more in local time than a mere mathematical trick. It represented the actual time that would be shown on a moving observer's clocks. On the other hand, Poincaré did not consider this measured time to be the "true time" that would be exhibited by clocks at rest in the aether. The multiplication of hypotheses led to disturbing conflicts with classical mechanics, including violation of Newton's third law of action and reaction. 3712: 229: 384: 363: 63: 633: 479: 452: 283: 262: 3008:

time-varying lenght, as observed from different frames, never getting longer than some distinguished length, one might call a proper length. I do not know how fruitful it is to continue measuring lengths at different times, which only works in the rest frame of the object, and I expressed my doubts about leaving the notion of length in its "trivial" setting of Galileian spacetime.

21: 220: 3159:(=sometimes wrong!)-impression of not being that fundamental as it is, by putting a condition, generating the decisive difference, into a small appendix of the sentence. My pleadings just ask for more emphasis on the change, suggesting the use of the words "define" and "event". There is absolutely no need, for a statement to be correct, of conforming to my taste. 293: 3462: 3358: 3337: 3563: 3676:

Your 5-3a is way too busy. Since this illustration describes the situation in the frame of the source, the analysis should be an almost trivial application of time dilation. You do not need to illustrate any blueshift as the distance decreases in this diagram, because then you have redshift some time

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Impressed by Lorentz's "most ingenious idea", Poincaré saw more in local time than a mere mathematical trick. It represented the actual time that would be shown on a moving observer's clocks. On the other hand, Poincaré did not consider this measured time to be the "true time" that would be exhibited

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I understand what you are trying to do. But what you have written is verbose, rather confusing, and not written at a level appropriate for the target audience, which would be high school seniors to first year college students. Let's try and work out a better approach. I would recommend that we first

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I repeat the heart of my complaint: "prima vista triviality". If it were not for the last, innocuously sounding phrase ("measured at the same time"), the whole footnote would be absolutely "superfluous". My concern is to transport to the reader this essential condition not as a small closing phrase,

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In pre-relativistic physics, distance and time were considered to be independent measurements, and despite some puzzling experimental results, physicists had no inclination to believe that measured distance or time between events should change as a result of a shift in frame from which measurements

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I saw your edit, but that sentence was cringe inducing in that it was written in what seemed like a pedantic-sounding first person, like saying "I'm so experienced I can mentally interpret them properly". Do we really need that remark? What value does it provide? Communicating the article's reader

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It shows that the Lorentz transformations and the existence of an invariant speed can be derived based on the principle of relativity and homogeneity of space–time, isotropy of space–time, group structure, causality condition. It is quite an impressive result that there should be a "limit speed"

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Lorentz expected that length contraction would result in compressive strains in an object that should result in measurable effects. Such effects would include optical effects in transparent media, such as optical rotation and induction of double refraction, and the induction of torques on charged

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In pre-relativistic physics, distance and time were considered to be independent measurements, and despite some puzzling experimental results, physicists had no inclination to believe that any "true" measured distance or time between events should change as a result of a shift in frame from which

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believes to be "90 degrees" to its relative motion vector, a lab onlooker will see that ray to be advancing at the same rate as the object, and therefore angled to point slightly forward. If the lab onlooker aims a narrow-angle detector at lab-90 degrees to the path of the object, the light that

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At the beginning, when the observer approaches the light source, the observer sees a blueshift, and later, when the distance with the source increases, he sees a redshift. The transverse Doppler effect describes the situation when the light source and the observer are close to each other. At the

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An apology for lack in English idiomology is certainly nonsensical, I just regret it. In German the use of a genitive ("of") instead of a preposition ("between") is common habit, I do ask for improving my construction of "making up" events from their spatial and temporal coordinates (but leaving

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I did not suggest a footnote pertaining to the Galileian notion of length, but a footnote to a sustainable notion of length in general, and to focus the attention to the upcoming change in the notion of length. I think the method of "how to measure length" should not be changed/restricted during

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rephrased the footnote defining "length" as a prima vista triviality. A prominent intent in me writing a "bulky" definition for this everyday notion was to introduce the notion of events in their fundamental role of establishing "length", the value of which will turn out as varying from frame to

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While the observer frame is represented with space and time axes that meet at right angles, the axes for observers in different frames of reference are represented with their axes meeting at acute or obtuse angles. This unavoidable asymmetry stems from the way spacetime coordinates map onto a

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of the atoms making up an object. In his view, length contraction should result in compressive strains in an object that should result in measurable effects. Such effects would include optical effects in transparent media, including optical rotation and induction of double refraction, and the

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To me an end of an object at some point in time makes up a perfect event ("two events made up of the ends of this object at the same time"), and varying time traces out a world line, which is a certain collection of events; and I perceive no problem with getting acquainted to the notion of a

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In pre-relativistic physics, distance and time were considered to be independent measurements, and despite some puzzling experimental results, physicists had no inclination to believe that measured time between events should change as a result of a shift in frame from which measurements are

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The situation of case (2) is shown in Fig. 5-3(b) in the rest frame of the observer. This light is received later when the source is not any more at closest distance, but it appears to the receiver to be at closest distance. The observed frequency of this light is redshifted by the factor

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Pre-relativistic views of length contraction and time dilation are rather complex to describe, and my initial phrasing was an (apparently futile) attempt to avoid going into extensive discussion of Lorentz's and Poincaré's speculations. I propose the following revision with notes and

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migration to STR, and thus I am unaware of a "lot of superfluous detail", however, I consider a footnote, missing to warn about the upcoming subtleties, to be really superfluous. Lifting the wording above confusion (which I miss) to your standards is beyond me, disagreeing is not. :)

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While the unprimed frame is drawn with space and time axes that meet at right angles, the primed frame is drawn with axes that meet at acute or obtuse angles. The frames are actually equivalent. The asymmetry is due to unavoidable distortions in how spacetime coordinates map onto a

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I didn't go Deep Into the emission Theory but some of its starting lines say that light is emitted by a speed 'C' relative to the source which is indeed not true as experiments Would see that the speed of light won't increase if emitted from a moving object or from one at rest

2522: 3100:"events" in place), while talking about their "spatial distance", and, thirdly, after applying the EPT (see above) I do miss not only the rigor-effusing "is defined by", but also the mentioned "event", which is at the heart of post-Galilean spacetime. 3327:

The cartographical analogy is quite commonly used in describing spacetime diagrams, but I can understand why you do not think it appropriate. The learning "to mentally account for these distortions" is a paraphrase of Schutz, but including an actual

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predicts, within its domain of applicability, results which are identical to those of special relativity. LET, however, underwent extensive development between 1892 through 1905, and meant quite different things at different times. Just because the

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to Schutz seems to be going too far. Overall, I think my proposed compromise should give us each half of what we want, leaving us each a bit disappointed that we didn't get all of what we want. That's the whole point of compromise, after all.

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features of spacetime diagrams that take getting used to, illustrating the "inappropriateness of using geometrical intuition based on Euclidean geometry.... has to adapt his intuition accordingly." Strictly speaking, a citation would be

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I'm OK with these latest changes of yours. It's only your ORIGINAL attempt at rewording that I had serious objections to. "It should not affect the intuition that all the represented frames of reference are equivalent" made

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performed in the 1960s. Some were performed with a rotating source while others were performed with a rotating receiver, as in Fig 5‑3(c) and (d). Fig 5‑3(c) and (b) are corresponding scenarios, as are Fig 5‑3(d) and (a).

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because of the time delation of the observer (as compared with the rest frame of the source). The dotted blue image of the source shown in the figure represents how the observer sees the source in his own rest frame.

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You commented, "distance between events DOES change in prerelativistic physics as a result of a change in the reference frame, unless the time of the events is the same" and changed the wording to the following:

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When I originally wrote the current short, highly abbreviated section on TDE in the Special relativity article, I had deliberately covered only the circular cases. Discussing the linear diagrams, as I did in

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registers on the detector does not belong to the transverse-aimed ray, but a different ray that was originally aimed slightly to the rear, and is therefore expected to include a recession redshift component.

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While the unprimed frame is drawn with space and time axes that meet at right angles, the primed frame is drawn with axes that meet at acute or obtuse angles. The frames are equivalent.

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form of the theory does not contradict Newton's third law, does not invalidate my statement in the notes that earlier versions had difficulties in conforming with classical mechanics.

3955:) redshift to SR's, and pretty much any dragged-light or dragged-aether model that predicts a transverse-aimed ray being deflected forward in the lab frame will predict that the ray 3936:

The "transverse Doppler" phenomenology isn't as novel to SR as you might think. A similar effect seems to show up in almost any theory where the motion of the emitter has at least

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after the distance increases. You just confuse the reader. If you want to describe the point of zero Doppler shift, you should do so in a separate section via a separate diagram.

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For mathematical consistency, Lorentz proposed a new time variable, the "local time", called that because it depended on the position of a moving body, following the relation

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I have added a note about Einstein's formulation in the description of case (2). I do not want to change the order of A and B because the case (1) happens before case (2).

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but as an essential, concept transforming information, and I tried to do this via the demonstrative use of "defining" and "event". As usually, take what you like.

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You are over-thinking this. I was not talking about length contraction or any such thing. The sentence which I changed said "... measured distance or time between

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Hay, H. J.; Schiffer, J. P.; Cranshaw, T. E.; Egelstaff, P. A. (1960). "Measurement of the Red Shift in an Accelerated System Using the Mössbauer Effect in Fe".

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Attempt at a Theory of Electrical and Optical Phenomena in Moving Bodies (Versuch einer Theorie der electrischen und optischen Erscheinungen in bewegten Körpern)

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Attempt at a Theory of Electrical and Optical Phenomena in Moving Bodies (Versuch einer Theorie der electrischen und optischen Erscheinungen in bewegten Körpern)

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For mathematical consistency, Lorentz proposed a new time variable, the "local time", which depended on the position of a moving body following the relation

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because of the time delation of the source (as compared with the rest frame of the observer). This situation was Einstein's original statement of the TDE

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The situation of case (1) is shown in Fig. 5-3(a) in the rest frame of the source. The frequency observed by the observer is blueshifted by the factor

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by clocks at rest in the aether. Poincaré made no attempt to redefine the concepts of space and time. To Poincaré, Lorentz transformation described the

2110: 4309: 4125:. Is it common enough to mention this alternative name in the beginning and to make a redirect? I ask it here so it's not lost in the edit history. 535: 3764:

Whether an experiment reports the TDE as being a redshift or blueshift depends on how the experiment is set up. Consider, for example, the various

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The interweaving of space and time revokes the implicitly assumed concepts of absolute simultaneity and synchronization across non-comoving frames.

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which gives a good explanation. I think, we should refer to that page, and I have rewritten a contribution for the page Special Relativity below.

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We need to emphasize Einstein's original formulation of relativistic Doppler shift, with the receiver pointed directly at where it perceives the

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of the source to be at its closest point. Ninety-nine percent of all TDE experiments are devoted to this case. Start by reversing (B) and (A).

1301:" term means that the location of an event depends on the time that its position is measured. So if you subtract two such locations to get the 3301:

says, is that comparison to cartographical maps, which seems targeted at a much lower level demographic than the whole rest of the article. --

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We don't need the pedagogic remark. But as always, to avoid this kind of back and forth, stick a good source to it and cast it in concrete. -

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induction of torques on charged condensers moving at an angle with respect to the aether. Lorentz was perplexed by experiments such as the

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Applying the two "Englishian phrase transformations" essentially converts one phrase to the other, except for your use of "is defined by."

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The current little section is properly sourced from a textbook and another journal article, so there's no need to add another source. -

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All this amounts to a lot of superfluous detail, especially in a footnote for the Galilean scenario for which length is an invariant.

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based on these hypotheses onuly. In this presentation, light does not play such an important role in the elaboration of the theory.

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I don't think it is common enough name to be mentioned in the lead. A redirect can certainly be made, but should probably point to

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No, it is not trivial. It is at the heart of the "brain freeze" that led to my oversight. I should have known better. I thank

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is directly connected here, and a caveat of carrying forward a sloppy notion of length into the realm of STR is appropriate.

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The space—time interweaving puts an end to identical time as well as to contemporality across non comoving frames.

1409: 1305:-component of the distance, you will get a value which depends on the times of the events. That is my whole point. 3975:"In Galilean relativity, length..between two events not change when observed from different frames of reference." 3862:

Champeney, D. C.; Isaak, G. R.; Khan, A. M. (1965). "A time dilatation experiment based on the Mössbauer effect".

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Take nasty old ballistic emission theory as an example. If an object moving through the lab throws light at what

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In special relativity, however, the interweaving of spatial and temporal coordinates generates the concept of an

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is not invariant (when two frames are moving with respect to each other). This is an error I've seen before.

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In Galilean relativity, the simultaneity in the "moving frame" implies that in the rest frame of the object.

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Sorry, I missed from the diff-view the suggestion below, and also had no edit conflict. Use to your liking.

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condensers moving at an angle with respect to the aether. Lorentz was perplexed by experiments such as the

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It is not an "intuition" that all represented frames of reference are equivalent. Their equivalence is a

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I think it would be interesting that a citation and comment of the following article would be inserted:

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In the situation of case (3), the light will be received by the observer without any frequency change.

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on Knowledge (XXG). If you would like to participate, please visit the project page, where you can join

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on Knowledge (XXG). If you would like to participate, please visit the project page, where you can join

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I have slightly revised Fig 5-3(a) and have rewritten the explanation for his case. I hope you lie it.

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of the atoms making up an object. He envisioned no fundamental change in the nature of space and time.

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should change as a result of a shift in frame ..." (emphasis added). Before special relativity, we had

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I am afraid of being misunderstood. I never wanted to state that the footnote, as is stands now, were

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Albert Einstein's Special Theory of Relativity: Emergence (1905) and Early Interpretation (1905-1911)

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Albert Einstein's Special Theory of Relativity: Emergence (1905) and Early Interpretation (1905-1911)

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that there's people that can actually read the diagram despite some minor geometric incovenience? --

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Please comment on the proposed revised statement+notes+references and suggest changes as necessary.

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of a rigid object is the spatial distance between the ends of the object measured at the same time.

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Kündig, Walter (1963). "Measurement of the Transverse Doppler Effect in an Accelerated System".

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rigid object is the spatial distance between the ends of the object measured at the same time.

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of complications. As I work on this section below, it keeps on getting bigger...and bigger...

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This concept is counterintuitive at least for the fact that, in contrast to usual concepts of

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The level of detail seems out of proportion to what should be in an introductory article for

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Pushed to main space. We can work on improving it later, but there are other topics to add.

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Well, that does not represent what Purgy and I intended. Will have to do a major re-write.

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of the ends of the object at the same time" means. I do know what two "ends of the object

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for correcting me, and I thank you for introducing the original version of the footnote.

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Proposed compromise, removing the analogy, but correcting the introduced error of fact.

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Hmmm... "The prohibition against OR means that all material added to articles must be

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of a rigid object is the spatial distance between the ends of the object measured

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I'm not sure that what I'm creating here is an appropriate level of detail for

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Not talking about the boring coordinates, this could be also more detailed to

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Huygens Institute - Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW)

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Huygens Institute - Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW)

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Huygens Institute - Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW)

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Huygens Institute - Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW)

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not change when observed from different frames of reference."": -->

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ok noted. There is no reference to the paper by Levy-Leblond, however.

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which covers many of the same points that you wish to address. Thanks!

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More precisely one could perhaps write about coordinatizing two events

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according to which the transformation law for frames of reference was:

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Pre-relativistic understanding of length contraction and time dilation

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the light that is at half distance between the source and observer.

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objected to the analogy used here, calling the analogy "childish":

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frame, because of varying coordinates of these events. I think the

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Special relativity is occasionally referred by this name, both in

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is invariant in Galileo's world, but the distance/length between

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Let's work out revisions to the Transverse Doppler effect section

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In the rest frame of the object the simultaneity is not required

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Introduction to Classical Mechanics: With Problems and Solutions

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at 90 degrees in the lab frame will be seen to be redshifted.

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Ha, Schutz. Bring him on in a reference and let's close this

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Knowledge (XXG) level-4 vital articles in Physical sciences

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at its closest point to the observer, one may distinguish

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Special relativity#Relativity without the second postulate

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As a result, emission theory predicts a similar (actually

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I can agree with the primed/unprimed syntax. My issue, as

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Figure 5–3. Transverse Doppler effect: Variant scenarios

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to a reliable, published source, even if not actually

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which failed to validate his theoretical expectations.

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which failed to validate his theoretical expectations.

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Relativistic_Doppler_effect#Transverse_Doppler_effect

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Relativistic_Doppler_effect#Transverse_Doppler_effect

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Relativistic_Doppler_effect#Transverse_Doppler_effect

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Relativistic_Doppler_effect#Transverse_Doppler_effect

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two events" means. I do know what a spatial distance

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is also an invariant, generated by a variant of the

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of the decision if they believe there was a mistake.

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Knowledge (XXG) vital articles in Physical sciences

4054:For clarity and precision, I have changed that to: 4031: 3930: 2727: 2651: 2516: 2377: 2334: 2311: 2253: 2090: 1806: 1757:{\displaystyle \Delta t=t_{2}-t_{1}=t'_{2}-t'_{1}} 1756: 1669: 1501: 1394: 1284: 963: 4016:That is why a note is sticking to the expression 3384:." When I look at the original section in Schutz, 2670:remained those defined with respect to the ether. 1395:{\displaystyle {\text{E}}_{i},\quad i\in \{1,2\}} 3190:"Intuition" in interpreting spacetime diagrams 2319:) and temporal separation between two events ( 1502:{\displaystyle (t'=t;\;x'=x-vt;\;y'=y;\;z'=z)} 758:This page has archives. Sections older than 8: 4290:B-Class Astronomy articles of Top-importance 3738:the light that is emitted by the source, and 3214:Uker replaced it with the following wording 2857: 2855: 1661: 1531: 1389: 1377: 1095: 1093: 1091: 310:, which collaborates on articles related to 4275:B-Class vital articles in Physical sciences 2699:lead to, now not broadly used, concepts of 2666:states of the field for a moving observer. 2576:independently to propose the phenomenon of 890:independently to propose the phenomenon of 4315:B-Class physics articles of Top-importance 4089:temporal separation between two events...' 3620:I tried a new version. What do you think? 3483:Fair enough. Give it your best shot. :) -- 3410:OK, we can leave it out. No big deal... - 3396:of separate sentences by a single author. 1509:inertial frames in standard configuration 446: 357: 256: 98: 57: 4021: 2912:"The Genesis of the Theory of Relativity" 2839:. Leiden: E. J. Brill. (subsection § 31). 2719: 2710: 2691:for non-coinciding events), and that the 2643: 2634: 2609: 2505: 2489: 2473: 2454: 2441: 2417: 2409: 2400: 2369: 2360: 2324: 2301: 2239: 2223: 2207: 2191: 2172: 2156: 2140: 2127: 2112: 2082: 2069: 2053: 2037: 2024: 2008: 1992: 1979: 1963: 1947: 1937: 1924: 1908: 1898: 1885: 1869: 1859: 1846: 1830: 1821: 1795: 1782: 1773: 1745: 1729: 1716: 1703: 1688: 1681:leaving separately both their time lapse 1649: 1633: 1617: 1601: 1580: 1567: 1554: 1541: 1522: 1516: 1411: 1360: 1355: 1352: 1178: 1176: 1126:"The Genesis of the Theory of Relativity" 1073:. Leiden: E. J. Brill. (subsection § 31). 955: 946: 921: 2435: 2415: 1592: 1480: 1461: 1433: 3777: 3735:the light that arrives at the observer, 3059:I do not know what a "spatial distance 2851: 2750: 2705:. It is immediate that the negative of 2544: 1087: 984: 871: 448: 359: 258: 217: 4255:Knowledge (XXG) level-4 vital articles 2888:Secrets of the Old One: Einstein, 1905 768:when more than 5 sections are present. 612:Knowledge (XXG):Reference desk/Science 3990:That's not correct. The length of an 3931:The effect's "novelty" is exaggerated 3787:"Chapter 11: Relativity (Kinematics)" 320:Knowledge (XXG):WikiProject Astronomy 7: 4184:Old hat. Already covered in section 3459: 3355: 3334: 3056:In terms of English language usage, 500:This article is within the scope of 389:This article is within the scope of 304:This article is within the scope of 3864:Proceedings of the Physical Society 3591:Here is the result of my re-write. 3543:Sorry, I had not seen the document 520:Knowledge (XXG):WikiProject Physics 247:It is of interest to the following 4023: 3940:influence on how light propagates. 2712: 2498: 2482: 2466: 2447: 2402: 2362: 2326: 2303: 2114: 1823: 1690: 14: 4285:Top-importance Astronomy articles 2593:experiments of Rayleigh and Brace 905:experiments of Rayleigh and Brace 762:may be automatically archived by 3561: 3460: 3356: 3335: 2695:-denotation is misleading. This 2296:In Galilean relativity, length ( 631: 487: 477: 450: 409:Knowledge (XXG):WikiProject Time 382: 361: 291: 281: 260: 227: 218: 61: 19: 4310:Top-importance physics articles 4166:https://doi.org/10.1119/1.10490 4073:I have also changed the phrase 3070:I do not know what "two events 540:This article has been rated as 429:This article has been rated as 340:This article has been rated as 4265:B-Class level-4 vital articles 2511: 2463: 2213: 2184: 2178: 2149: 2079: 2046: 2034: 2001: 1989: 1956: 1944: 1917: 1905: 1878: 1866: 1839: 1801: 1775: 1658: 1594: 1586: 1534: 1528: 1496: 1413: 323:Template:WikiProject Astronomy 75:Natural sciences good articles 1: 4160:Special relativity postulates 4056:"In a spacetime setting, the 4041:"In a spacetime setting, the 3702:23:30, 21 November 2021 (UTC) 3687:04:29, 18 November 2021 (UTC) 3671:22:30, 17 November 2021 (UTC) 3656:14:35, 17 November 2021 (UTC) 3630:04:29, 17 November 2021 (UTC) 3615:14:00, 15 November 2021 (UTC) 3580:18:08, 13 November 2021 (UTC) 3169:09:24, 18 November 2018 (UTC) 3146:04:19, 18 November 2018 (UTC) 3114:21:13, 17 November 2018 (UTC) 3095:18:33, 17 November 2018 (UTC) 3036:17:01, 17 November 2018 (UTC) 2991:13:45, 17 November 2018 (UTC) 2962:11:10, 17 November 2018 (UTC) 2866:. Mew York: Springer-Verlag. 2652:{\displaystyle t'=t-vx/c^{2}} 2278:09:17, 16 November 2018 (UTC) 1807:{\displaystyle (t_{1}=t_{2})} 1369: 1333:23:49, 15 November 2018 (UTC) 1315:20:10, 15 November 2018 (UTC) 1104:. Mew York: Springer-Verlag. 964:{\displaystyle t'=t-vx/c^{2}} 798:07:47, 15 November 2018 (UTC) 555:This article is supported by 514:and see a list of open tasks. 403:and see a list of open tasks. 32:for general discussion about 4300:Top-importance Time articles 4226:10:46, 8 February 2024 (UTC) 4212:08:20, 8 February 2024 (UTC) 4198:18:11, 7 February 2024 (UTC) 4179:09:26, 7 February 2024 (UTC) 3541:02:40, 9 November 2021 (UTC) 3527:08:28, 2 November 2021 (UTC) 3185:16:17, 23 January 2020 (UTC) 2728:{\displaystyle \Delta s^{2}} 2551:In a spacetime setting, the 2378:{\displaystyle \Delta s^{2}} 803:I had written the following: 523:Template:WikiProject Physics 4320:B-Class relativity articles 3969:21:38, 27 August 2023 (UTC) 3766:Mössbauer rotor experiments 3679:Prokaryotic Caspase Homolog 3648:Prokaryotic Caspase Homolog 3607:Prokaryotic Caspase Homolog 3601:, although appropriate for 3572:Prokaryotic Caspase Homolog 3519:Prokaryotic Caspase Homolog 3513:review the presentation in 3467:Prokaryotic Caspase Homolog 3398:Prokaryotic Caspase Homolog 3342:Prokaryotic Caspase Homolog 3248:Prokaryotic Caspase Homolog 3138:Prokaryotic Caspase Homolog 3087:Prokaryotic Caspase Homolog 2983:Prokaryotic Caspase Homolog 2566:Michelson–Morley experiment 1325:Prokaryotic Caspase Homolog 880:Michelson–Morley experiment 790:Prokaryotic Caspase Homolog 4341: 4280:B-Class Astronomy articles 3884:10.1088/0370-1328/85/3/317 3798:Cambridge University Press 3727:moment when the source is 3493:05:36, 6 August 2020 (UTC) 3475:04:36, 6 August 2020 (UTC) 3448:02:19, 6 August 2020 (UTC) 3420:08:33, 4 August 2020 (UTC) 3406:06:13, 4 August 2020 (UTC) 3372:21:50, 3 August 2020 (UTC) 3350:21:48, 3 August 2020 (UTC) 3311:21:09, 3 August 2020 (UTC) 3287:12:47, 3 August 2020 (UTC) 3256:12:24, 3 August 2020 (UTC) 2910:Darrigol, Olivier (2005). 2886:Bernstein, Jeremy (2006). 2862:Miller, Arthur I. (1998). 1124:Darrigol, Olivier (2005). 1100:Miller, Arthur I. (1998). 849:I am quite aware that the 546:project's importance scale 435:project's importance scale 346:project's importance scale 157:Featured article candidate 123:Featured article candidate 87:. Editors may also seek a 4154:11:22, 26 July 2023 (UTC) 4144:instead of this article. 4135:10:49, 26 July 2023 (UTC) 4112: 4107:13:53, 2 April 2023 (UTC) 4008:11:02, 2 April 2023 (UTC) 3849:10.1103/PhysRevLett.4.165 3707:Transverse Doppler effect 2829:Lorentz, Hendrik (1895). 2570:George Francis FitzGerald 1063:Lorentz, Hendrik (1895). 884:George Francis FitzGerald 558:the relativity task force 554: 539: 472: 428: 412:Template:WikiProject Time 377: 339: 276: 255: 200: 191:Good article reassessment 176:Good article reassessment 101: 97: 4305:B-Class physics articles 4032:{\displaystyle \Delta r} 3919:10.1103/PhysRev.129.2371 3078:at the same time" means. 2589:Trouton–Noble experiment 2335:{\displaystyle \Delta t} 2312:{\displaystyle \Delta r} 901:Trouton–Noble experiment 3829:Physical Review Letters 2795:Lorentz, H. A. (1904). 1029:Lorentz, H. A. (1904). 4250:B-Class vital articles 4245:Delisted good articles 4142:Relativistic mechanics 4033: 3716: 3245: 3225: 3212: 2758:Lorentz, H.A. (1902). 2729: 2653: 2518: 2379: 2336: 2313: 2255: 2092: 1808: 1768:and their contemporal 1758: 1671: 1503: 1396: 1286: 992:Lorentz, H.A. (1902). 965: 842:measurements are made. 765:Lowercase sigmabot III 4295:B-Class Time articles 4119:educational resources 4034: 3785:Morin, David (2008). 3714: 3236: 3216: 3203: 2730: 2654: 2519: 2380: 2337: 2314: 2256: 2093: 1809: 1759: 1672: 1504: 1397: 1287: 966: 593:Ask an Astrophysicist 307:WikiProject Astronomy 241:on Knowledge (XXG)'s 234:level-4 vital article 203:Delisted good article 81:good article criteria 4113:Einstein's mechanics 4079:to the more precise 4020: 3387:I see discussion on 2709: 2608: 2582:physical contraction 2399: 2359: 2323: 2300: 2111: 1820: 1772: 1687: 1515: 1410: 1351: 1175: 920: 896:physical contraction 855:Lorentz ether theory 606:sci.physics.research 138:Good article nominee 36:. Any such comments 4325:Relativity articles 4013:Indeed, good catch. 3911:1963PhRv..129.2371K 3876:1965PPS....85..583C 3841:1960PhRvL...4..165H 2564:The results of the 2247: 2231: 2077: 2061: 2032: 2016: 1987: 1971: 1753: 1737: 1657: 1641: 1625: 1609: 1163:Galilean relativity 878:The results of the 604:Post a question in 598:Post a question in 503:WikiProject Physics 314:on Knowledge (XXG). 4029: 3717: 3599:Special relativity 3568:Special relativity 3263:the observer frame 2919:Séminaire Poincaré 2725: 2649: 2578:length contraction 2514: 2436: 2416: 2375: 2353:invariant interval 2332: 2309: 2251: 2235: 2219: 2088: 2065: 2049: 2020: 2004: 1975: 1959: 1804: 1754: 1741: 1725: 1667: 1645: 1629: 1613: 1597: 1593: 1499: 1481: 1462: 1434: 1392: 1370: 1282: 1280: 1133:Séminaire Poincaré 961: 892:length contraction 326:Astronomy articles 243:content assessment 102:Article milestones 69:Special relativity 46:Special relativity 34:Special relativity 31: 4051:(emphasis added). 3806:978-1-139-46837-4 3067:two events means. 2689:positive definite 2433: 2268: 1814:spatial distance 1358: 772: 771: 625: 624: 610:Ask one of us in 573: 572: 569: 568: 565: 564: 445: 444: 441: 440: 356: 355: 352: 351: 212: 211: 208: 207: 150:February 12, 2006 118:December 16, 2004 56: 55: 27: 4332: 4091: 4078: 4069: 4050: 4047:at the same time 4038: 4036: 4035: 4030: 3987: 3986: 3982: 3923: 3922: 3905:(6): 2371–2375. 3894: 3888: 3887: 3859: 3853: 3852: 3824: 3818: 3817: 3816:on 4 April 2018. 3815: 3809:. Archived from 3791: 3782: 3757: 3748: 3641: 3594:I don't like it. 3590: 3565: 3511: 3465: 3464: 3463: 3361: 3360: 3359: 3340: 3339: 3338: 3200: 2974:I know what you 2935: 2934: 2932: 2930: 2916: 2907: 2901: 2900: 2896:978-0387-26005-1 2883: 2877: 2876: 2859: 2841: 2840: 2826: 2820: 2819: 2817: 2815: 2801: 2792: 2783: 2782: 2780: 2778: 2764: 2755: 2740: 2737:metric signature 2734: 2732: 2731: 2726: 2724: 2723: 2683:, it may assume 2677: 2671: 2658: 2656: 2655: 2650: 2648: 2647: 2638: 2618: 2602: 2596: 2562: 2556: 2549: 2523: 2521: 2520: 2515: 2510: 2509: 2494: 2493: 2478: 2477: 2459: 2458: 2446: 2445: 2434: 2432: 2418: 2414: 2413: 2384: 2382: 2381: 2376: 2374: 2373: 2341: 2339: 2338: 2333: 2318: 2316: 2315: 2310: 2266: 2260: 2258: 2257: 2252: 2243: 2227: 2212: 2211: 2196: 2195: 2177: 2176: 2161: 2160: 2145: 2144: 2132: 2131: 2097: 2095: 2094: 2089: 2087: 2086: 2073: 2057: 2042: 2041: 2028: 2012: 1997: 1996: 1983: 1967: 1952: 1951: 1942: 1941: 1929: 1928: 1913: 1912: 1903: 1902: 1890: 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214: 201:Current status: 171: 169:October 30, 2006 152: 99: 65: 58: 23: 22: 16: 4340: 4339: 4335: 4334: 4333: 4331: 4330: 4329: 4235: 4234: 4162: 4123:research papers 4115: 4018: 4017: 3988: 3984: 3980: 3978: 3977: 3933: 3928: 3927: 3926: 3899:Physical Review 3896: 3895: 3891: 3861: 3860: 3856: 3826: 3825: 3821: 3813: 3807: 3800:. pp. 539–543. 3789: 3784: 3783: 3779: 3755: 3746: 3719:The transverse 3709: 3635: 3584: 3556:, introduces a 3505: 3503: 3461: 3357: 3336: 3241:Cartesian plane 3221:Cartesian plane 3208:Cartesian plane 3194: 3192: 2939: 2938: 2928: 2926: 2914: 2909: 2908: 2904: 2897: 2885: 2884: 2880: 2873: 2861: 2860: 2853: 2845: 2844: 2828: 2827: 2823: 2813: 2811: 2799: 2794: 2793: 2786: 2776: 2774: 2762: 2757: 2756: 2752: 2747:Primary sources 2744: 2743: 2715: 2707: 2706: 2697:negative square 2687:values (is not 2678: 2674: 2639: 2611: 2606: 2605: 2603: 2599: 2574:Hendrik Lorentz 2563: 2559: 2550: 2546: 2501: 2485: 2469: 2450: 2437: 2422: 2405: 2397: 2396: 2365: 2357: 2356: 2321: 2320: 2298: 2297: 2289:Let's try this: 2203: 2187: 2168: 2152: 2136: 2123: 2109: 2108: 2078: 2033: 1988: 1943: 1933: 1920: 1904: 1894: 1881: 1865: 1855: 1842: 1826: 1818: 1817: 1791: 1778: 1770: 1769: 1712: 1699: 1685: 1684: 1576: 1563: 1550: 1537: 1518: 1513: 1512: 1482: 1463: 1435: 1416: 1408: 1407: 1354: 1349: 1348: 1279: 1278: 1265: 1257: 1254: 1253: 1243: 1235: 1232: 1231: 1212: 1204: 1201: 1200: 1190: 1182: 1173: 1172: 1154: 1153: 1152: 1142: 1140: 1128: 1123: 1122: 1118: 1111: 1099: 1098: 1089: 1080: 1079: 1078: 1062: 1061: 1057: 1047: 1045: 1033: 1028: 1027: 1020: 1010: 1008: 996: 991: 990: 986: 980:Primary sources 977: 976: 975: 951: 923: 918: 917: 915: 911: 888:Hendrik Lorentz 877: 873: 781: 779: 763: 752: 746: 640: 620:Don't ask here! 619: 616: 587:Ask a Physicist 579:Got a question? 578: 525: 522: 519: 516: 515: 493: 486: 466: 460: 414: 411: 408: 405: 404: 371: 325: 322: 319: 316: 315: 297: 292: 290: 270: 238: 228: 186:August 26, 2009 167: 148: 133:January 1, 2005 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