4154:, in the middle) never occurred at all. It is virtually always "ieds-oirs". When lower-cased, the referent can usually be summarized as "a group of French immigrants to Algeria" or later as "repatriating immigrants from French Algeria back to France, especially particular places like Corsica", or later still as "political separatists or other agitators in Corsica and some other places", and in many cases as "a class of literary and theatrical stereotypes/tropes in modern French fictional works" (especially Camus). But when the meaning is something that could be summed up as "an ethno-cultural group of mixed European, African, and sometimes Jewish ancestry that developed in colonial Algeria; and the diaspora thereof", capitalization is far more likely. However, sometimes the capitalization is avoided in what appears to be an attempt to closely follow French capitalization practice (this is supported further by English writers often putting the term in italics as a foreignism and providing a translation of it). That said, it cannot be entirely ruled out that in a few of these cases there isn't a PoV-pushing dismissive/minimization intent of simply denying them capitalization to imply they are not a real/legit ethno-cultural group. Either way, the rationale for the lower-casing as an ethnic label in English doesn't seem applicable to WP writing. One side point I noticed in skimming past the French-language material is that total lower-casing isn't even universal in French, though it does dominate in that language; while I did see a handful of French "Pieds-noirs", I did not see any French "Pieds-Noirs".
4146:, and ignore the French-language results, just consider the English ones. What we have (for plural forms), in the order in which they appear (at least for me; Google may monkey with that order on a per-request basis) in the first 20 pages of search results (I don't have all day for this) are: pieds-noirs, Pieds-noirs, pieds-noirs, pieds-noirs, Pieds-Noirs, pieds-noirs, Pieds-noirs, pieds-noirs, Pieds-Noirs, PiedsNoirs, Pieds-Noirs, piedsnoirs, pieds-noirs, pieds-noirs, Pieds-noirs, pieds-noirs, Pieds-Noirs, Pieds-Noirs, pieds-noirs, Pieds-Noirs, pieds-noirs, pieds noirs but pied-noir as an adjective in the same article, Pieds-Noirs but pied-noir as an adjective in the same article, Pieds-Noirs, pieds-noirs, Pieds Noirs, pieds-noirs, pieds-noirs, Pieds Noirs, pieds-noirs, Pieds-noirs, Pieds-Noirs, Pieds Noirs, Pieds-Noirs, pieds-noirs, Pied-Noirs, pieds-noirs, pieds-noirs, Pieds-Noirs, pieds-noirs, pieds-noirs, pieds-noirs, pieds-noirs, pieds noirs but pied-noir as an adj. in same material. Some skimming examination of this material and the usage within it shows the following patterns: The hyphenation overwhemlmingly dominates. When capitalization is used, capitalizing after the hyphen is optional. (In the rare event of no hyphen, and a capitalized "Pied", then but only then is a capitalized "Noir" actually necessary.) "ied-oirs" (only one
4610:
hyphenate it, in order to clarify that we are not talking about actual feet, but I am not maintaining that this is the One True Answer, and did not do so consistently in the discussion above, mostly because I am lazy, usually in a hurry, and grinding my teeth over the capitals not the hyphen. It is clear I am talking about the topic of this discussion on this page. I realize that I am basing these statements on French grammar and not on sources, but I do think it is good to be grammatical, and that we should not necessarily discount the
Knowledge (XXG) effect on the sources. It is possible that people are capitalizing because they think we know something about this ;) Also, other people here have already looked at sources but it's been quite a long time since I said, further up the page, that iff the question is what the French conventions are, then Larousse = OED pretty much. I hope that helps someone somehow; that's all I've got.
3966:(much later just noting that I have since looked up Blitz Kids and New Romantics and agree that these are good examples of compound terms that refer to distinct groups of people who are not necessarily of the same ethnicity. There is still a common characteristic though. I think the problem here is defining the group and the two-tier system of French citizenship perhaps was a root cause. The French wikipedia article makes a distinction between the pieds noirs and the repatriated. Not everyone in French Algerian was an actual "citizen" as opposed to a "national" and resentment over that is probably the defining characteristic of the group. These were French citizens in a sense of "citizen" that was denied to most of the Algerian population.
4187:) to the strictest possible interpretation, otherwise we're going to end with 99.99% of ethnic groups being capitalized with one or two isolates downcased for reasons that to most readers will be indistinguishable from racist hostility by vandals. PS: We already know from a previous RfC that the community has no appetite for forcing lower-case "black" in an ethno-racial sense, and concluded to leave this to consensus on an article-by-article basis as long as it's consistent within an article. So, that is a further strong indication that this should be capitalized, even if we do not need to over-capitalize it as "Pieds-
4620:
mind explaining that. I have been saying no, because while it's obviously imported from French, it is used in only this one niche context. And the reactions here indicate that many if not most
English speakers have never encountered it. But that part I possibly could be wrong about. Similarly, it seems to me that we are talking about a group of people, sure. but not an ethnic group or a group of residents of a particular city as in Washingtonians or Oregonian. I think the definition you gave above for the group is pretty much correct, but I do not claim any particular expertise about them,
4020:(ec)I agree that it doesn't have to be an ethnic group but it seems to me they should still share a common characteristic. Somewhere above I gave Washingtonians and Oregonians as examples. But here we have people who have at least one ancestor from some country in Europe, plus some other people who practice a religion. So the common factor is what exactly? "Forty Niners" -- the gold rush people not the football team -- would be a better example, since I for one don't know what a Blitz Kid is. I don't know if that gets us anywhere though. But in this RM we only have to agree on the
1065:-ish decision â if any consensus exists on the capitalization of the P, it's an incredibly slim one â so editors should feel free to further discuss the topic of running-text capitalization if they feel that such discussion would be fruitful.A second question that emerged was whether to use italics for the term, and on this, I see a consensus that italicization is appropriate: most editors who weighed in on the topic observed that italicization was common in RS and felt that English-language sources typically treated "pieds-noirs" as a foreign word.
4662:
shelling and bombing civilians on what was on paper French territory. This article falsely tells the reader that the violence began with the "first armed operations" of the FLN in 1954 instead of with French organised massacres of
Algerians in 1945 as happened in reality. The torture regime of the French also goes without mention, Gen. Massu (a war criminal) is depicted as a man who only tried to maintain public order. Later the OAS is merely "accused" of murders and bombings.How on earth has this a 'good article' rating?
412:
402:
381:
4131:. This is not an English word/name, but French, so should not be mangled with English syntax and typographic norms (and "Pied-Noir" with an internally capitalized "N" doesn't even suit universal English-writing norms, but is simply something that particular writers and publishers would do while others would do the opposite; our default rule is to not use capitalization that is not actually necessary). Since "Pied-noirs" is not entirely unheard of, this "Franglais" mish-mash should appear as a
1870:(Note toggle button on the upper right to switch from English to French) My question is: is this a derogatory term? MOS seems to say that if it is derogatory, then it should not have an article at all. I do not think that it is *that* derogatory, but you tell me. Back in the history of the article, somebody deleted the term. I found one dictionary that uses capitals, and it's the Oxford Reference, which we have to count. Oh and I just found an instance of this in the highly respectable
1041:. I also see a clear consensus to pluralize the title â virtually every commenter in the RM either supported pluralization outright or was neutral on the topic â and strong evidence was provided to show that "pieds-noirs" is the predominant plural form for the term.The most contentious issue in this discussion is one that doesn't actually have a direct bearing on the article title: should the initial P be capitalized in running text? Policy-wise, this particular dispute centered on
833:
503:
482:
696:
190:
169:
4728:(pinged) It is quite likely that this article was translated from French with its chavinisms intact. It is also possible that the person complaining below about undue may have a point, though it is hard to get other people to see it that point when atrocities are involved. This is not a topic I have exactly studied, but the amount of anger I am hearing does not seem like a good place to start a discussion
33:
200:
3011:(on which I have been doing GA prep sice February) covers the huge role played by North Africa and Algeria in particular as a place of refuge for the Jews of Europe. Then there is the matter of the converted European slaves, who were Danish, Albanian, Corsican, Italian and English. Off the top of my head. A century of colonization would not make all those people "French". Thank you for asking.
85:
64:
297:
276:
95:
1924:, in French) But "Wikipedians" is not. Rather, it is a descriptor, like "Algerians" or "Filipinos" or "housecats" or "coin". Anyone reading this is probably a Wikipedian. But is *not* themselves "Knowledge (XXG)". BTW, "Pied-noirs" is simply wrong and gives me a headache. Once upon a time I failed spelling tests for this. May I point out that the plural of "Governor-General"
307:
3925:. I think it doesn't really matter whether it refers to an ethnicity or not â it's the name of a group of people. The guideline refers to "peoples and cultures, ... and the like". If "Pieds-noirs" isn't an ethnic identification, it's still a name for one of the "peoples and cultures, ... and the like". The 'P' should be capped â at least unless it is
1053:. However, editors were divided on whether "pieds-noirs" would be encompassed within this description: some felt that they were a sufficiently distinct cultural group to justify capitalization, whereas others felt that the group was insufficiently ethnic in nature to allow it. It was also shown that, per Ngrams, the lowercase-p spelling is the
2092:, ("Names for peoples and cultures, languages and dialects, nationalities, ethnic and religious groups, demonyms, and the like are capitalized,) whether or not to continue to think of it that way might be best decided by a local consensus such as in this move request discussion. It probably should stay a proper noun phrase similar to the
573:
2802:. With the smoothing off, one easily finds that the bulk of the capitalized occurrences in English books is from a couple of 2015 books, and that the forms without the hyphen used to be much more common, but now with the hyphen are about even with them (with lots of fluctuation due to individual books in different years).
2603:? and 2) It's compelling because it makes it clear that we're nowhere near the MOS:CAPS criterion of "consistently capitalized" in sources. and 3) are you seriously saying you think this is a proper name, or just trolling? (I see you said on your talk page "Ha ha ha (I'm just playing devil's advocate)" about this).
2924:" refers to people. That seems to be the Knowledge (XXG) style. Again, I'm not taking sides, I'm just pointing out what is in the MoS. Since the term is hyphenated, it is not a noun phrase, it is simply a one-word, hyphenated proper noun, and so it seems that the correct form according to our own MoS is "
4749:
For the record, I just took a look at the article history and see that I have quite a few edits there. These would have been translation from the French article though, or a huge copyedit -- I am not particularly knowledgeable in this history. I do find it quite plausible from the rest of ehat I know
3821:
Yes, if I read editor
Elinruby correctly, we both agree on the capital "P" in the article title. Our one area of contention appears to be the side issue (which has nothing to do with this title change request) in regard to the use of the capital "P" in the running text of the article's content, which
2196:
the capitalization of both "Pied" and "Noir" in this article title and in running text was begun. Before that, the article had been created in the French style of "Pied-noir" as the title and "pied-noir" in running text. I think it was 2007 when it became "Pied-noir" in running text, and then in 2008
4661:
This article is hopelessly biased in favour of the settlers. It is not written by a native
English speaker and makes no mention whatsoever of the SĂ©tif and Guelma massacres (1945) and the general campaign launched by France to terrorize and massacre Algerians, with even the French navy and air force
2873:
It is not unusual in
Knowledge (XXG) for titles to exist "as a proper name" contrary to guidelines for many years. Some of work on finding and fixing such things. The "reason not to continue" "using the term as a proper name" is that this sends a false signal to readers that this is a proper name,
2305:
was whether there had been edit warring on the page. At this point, given the RfC, it no longer matters. I appreciate the thought, though, I guess, but please do not make any more statements such as "consensus has been to think of this as a proper noun phrase" and then claim to be neutral. As you so
2045:
The word "chair" is the common name of the furniture on which we sit to eat supper. Perhaps there are some who name their chairs, but I'm not one of them. I do know people who have proper names for their automobiles (automobile, auto, car, these are common names for a type of vehicle). One guy named
4609:
take an s in the plural. Adjectives are modified by their nouns and take on their number and gender. There is simply no question about that. I haven't seen this particular term enough to have strong feelings about whether the hyphenated form is "correct". I myself as a French speaker am inclined to
4604:
I read MoS as saying that for words derived from French, a loanword should follow the conventions for
English, Otherwise, untranslated French that is not a loanword or a proper noun should follow French-language conventions. Is that right? I note that you are the primary author of that MoS page. If
4465:
I would also like to point out that this article has problems with the singular and plural forms of the terms "Pied-Noir" (singular form) and "Pieds-Noirs" (plural form); some sentences may require the singular form instead of the plural form, while others may require the plural form instead of the
3851:
Oh, I see â it was me who was mistaken â I didn't spot the difference in running text descriptions. As for running text, regardless of whether this is really an ethnic group or not, my impression is that it fits within the category of "Names for peoples and cultures, ... nationalities, ethnic and
3041:
so you're going to assign people to the group whether they like it or not? The section that I think you should read in particular is "Rapatriés d'Algérie et pieds-noirs" which goes into citizenship, birthplace, ethnicity, and nationality. A section just above discusses French government propaganda.
2726:
people are not written "blackfoot", and that example is obviously extremely pertient here given what "Pied-noir" means). It has no currency in everyday
English. It is very frequently put in italics as a foreignism in English-language publications (and usually given a translation) even in specialist
2168:
so you are again emphasizing that this is the
English language Knowledge (XXG). Yes and? I am *quoting* the English-language Knowledge (XXG). Have you not noticed this? It is a quote from the Manual of Style of the English-language Knowledge (XXG), provided as a rationale for the original erroneous
2030:
Um, no. Your chairs have unique names? I think not. I really don't think so, and I have just spent hours on the standards for diactitical marks so I am pretty much off to seek the sunshine. But many are the ways in which I have been known to misunderstand something, so hey ypu could be right. Could
1549:
Yeah, I'm guessing this is a loanword that's rarely used outside of this (relatively) narrow topic and thus there's isn't strong agreement on how to treat it. If easier, it might be worth picking a standard for this article and then adding a brief footnote in the lead about variable capitalization.
950:
I can't tell what you are saying. It sounds like you agree with me but think the title cannot be changed. But of course it *could* be. Resistance would be massive to "pied-noir" however, for style reasons. But I don't see why it has to be Pied-Noir. Just WRONG. But I wasn't losing any sleep over it
881:
For inscrutable reasons based on unknown research someone some years ago decided that it was correct to capitalize not only Pied but also Noir, which is fundamentally wrong twice over. redirects this spelling to the correct "pied-noir". This is about as authoritative as it gets. It seems the logic
4619:
Some people do appear to believe that it is a loanword or a proper noun however. I think that you said that it is not a proper noun (please correct me if I am wrong about that, and tell me what you do in fact think) but I am especially interested in whether you think it is a loanword, if you don't
4810:
Although this is a good article in terms of structure, it was largely translated from the French language
Knowledge (XXG) and, no offence (I consider fr.wiki the second best Knowledge (XXG); the first is the English language Knowledge (XXG), en.wiki), the fr.wiki page is quite biased in favour of
4638:
Incidentally, I don't think American Blacks are a good analogy, since French speakers would have no expectation of capitalization, nor association of it with personhood the way an English speaker might, but urging caution on that front is a better argument than most as these things go. It is true
3866:
I don't see how. Their origins were extremely diverse and apparently some of the Jews had ancestors from the Levant originally so even "European" is too narrow a term. And I question whether "European" is an ethnic group. If it is not, then MoS says to follow French convention. But we are talking
2264:
If the French expression is untranslated (not a loanword), follow French capitalization practice. For French: some expressions are not capitalized at all (e.g., fin de siĂšcle), others have a capitalization of the first word.If the French expression is untranslated (not a loanword), follow French
2512:
The effective definition for our purposes is given in MOS:CAPS: "In English, capitalization is primarily needed for proper names, acronyms, and for the first letter of a sentence. Knowledge (XXG) relies on sources to determine what is conventionally capitalized; only words and phrases that are
2318:
that! and you dismissed it and "explained" that no, I *really* meant "proper name". "Proper name" is not a thing. It's really annoying, and we have looped through this several times now. Please process that 2!=3 even if somebody once made a mistake in their sums. Pieds-noirs are not a "single
2173:
Manual of Style, this is not the time or place to debate it. It says that we should, in this case, apply the French capitalization conventions. Quote explicitly. In the rationale for the erroneous redirect you say is 15 years old. Apparently somebody thought "pieds-noirs" was an ethnic group.
1970:
not really. There is only one Seattle. Even if there are several places named Paris, in each case, "Paris" is the name of the thing, with a greater or lesser precision. Speaking from here on the Pacific coast I might include distant suburbs, I suppose. Or is it "school-teacher" you object to?
1720:
of our article, but when capitalized, especially in older sources, may refer to the Blackfoot people; that's rare in English though. Older sources also sometimes refer to "Cercosporella Foot Rot of Winter Cereals" as "Pied noir des céréales" (no hyphen); also "Hector A. Pied-noir" and "at
2617:
The same as before, ngram just picks up the words with total disregard about whether they are quoted in French in an English source as nouns or adjectives. It's much better to check how it's spelled in the reliable sources that are about the subject (such as the ones that I quoted above).
2203:
redirect's creation date; it was made in May of 2008 two months after the edit that capitalized "Pied-Noir" in this article. These are not opinions, they are facts found in the editing histories of these pages. I have no opinion and am neutral in regard to how this phrase is capitalized.
2287:
deep breath. As politely as possible I would like to suggest that I do not feel that I need to have anything "explained" to me. I am not linking to Knowledge (XXG) articles that prove me wrong; you are. Your confusion about the terminology involved is unhelpful here and is confusing the
4280:, we would cap the name of a race of people or ethnic group. This is a reflection that these demonyms are derived from proper names for a nation, region, religion etc - eg French, German or Siek. The subject term is not a race or ethnic group in the conventional sense that would invoke
1865:
No. I am just back from a really deep dive in the English and French MOS. Neither of them address anything at all about the entire continent of Africa, as far as I can tell. So shame on us. However. The Canadian Encyclopedia uses "Pied-Noir" as a translation of the name of indigenous
2003:
Not for anything, but there is a significant difference between "name", a broad term, and "proper name", the latter being interchangable with "proper noun". An example would be the "name" of the piece of furniture in which you sit to eat your meal, which is "chair", a "common name".
2653:, italicized as if French, though its capitalization is clearly wrong for that, and also has "the pied noirs adopted the name with pride" without italics, that is, lowercase in English with English-like pluralization; plus a bunch of other stuff especially for the cuisine they call
1505:
2799:
2600:
2124:
you also appear to be under the impression that "pied-noir" is an ethnicity, which it is not. "Immigrant" or "settler" is a more analogous term. There is no cultural homogeneity implied, regardless of the hypothetical pnthropomorphism of inanimate mass-produced objects.
1428:
but it does not seem to make any pronouncements at all about Algeria. Which is possibly wise. I know a little about the place, but the little I know is pretty French. Where/When was it decided that the article title should be capitalized? Nobody is speaking up, shrug
4119:, the linguistically and stylistically most defensible form. Where it needs to be pluralized (and a strong argument can be made to do that in the title, to agree with other ethno-cultural group names â but there are some exceptions that probably need to move, e.g.
3240:
2795:
4163:: It would be (or strongly come off as) an antagonistic PoV exercise to totally lower-case this ethnonym (even if it is largely an exonym) when we do not do this with any other such group (including even other multi-ethnic groups with a French component like the
1123:; of course, all other pages that maintain capitalisation should also be changed (about this last point, I think I'm one of the very few in this encyclopaedia who cares about consistency between articles; perhaps because it's tedious and time-consuming work).
3276:
the French article discusses the varying definitions of "repatriated" in various time periods at enormous length and the discussion would benefit if some of participants here read it. If anyone needs help running it through Google Translate, let me know.
2657:. Clearly not a good source for linguistic style. Anyway, I don't see what your point is about the usage as an adjective; we don't downcase proper names used as adjectives (e.g. Algerian cuisine), so how does finding some of them as adjectives matter?
1464:
Judging by some English dictionaries & encyclopedias, it seems to be lowercase, just like in French. Also without a hyphen, apparently, and it seems even the first letter is lowercase (when it's not a title or at the beginning of a sentence). E.g.:
4708:
of 1954-62. These are covered in detail in several other Knowledge (XXG) articles and should not be given prominence in the history of a sizeable civilian community (of French, Spanish, Jewish and Maltese origins) over a period of 130 years.
4415:
3201:
2096:, although to be honest I'm neutral on the subject and would be satisfied either keeping it a proper noun phrase or not. That and whether or not it is considered a derogatory term should be aided by the term's usage in reliable sources.
2362:
Does it make a difference? Wouldn't we use lowercase either way, since it's way more often lowercase in English-language sources? I'm not following all the discussion above, but I don't think I see anyone arguing for uppercase.
1834:
People sometimes read old documents and look at resources like Knowledge (XXG) to try to understand them, and Knowledge (XXG) tries to include historical information rather than just discussing what is most current and up-to-date.
909:
Since there is prior discussion about this on the talk page, however erroneous, I will stop correcting this pending some input, but right now would need some fairly major evidence to convince me that Larousse is wrong about this.
1769:
Yeah I've see the alternate meaning used at, for example, Government of Canada websites. In French, though. The English version says Blackfoot. So this is in at least some level of current use, but for what is clearly a separate
4505:
I think (with all due respect to other users) I'm one of the bravest users of this encyclopedia, especially after I stopped asking questions at the help desk (now one every two months). I just wanted to report the problem here.
2031:
you please provide an example of a chair that has its own unique name? Like Susan or Fred or Microsoft? I will check it out when I come back tonight. Thanks. I just came back to link Pied-Noir as a translation of Blackfoot.
2245:
3674:
This is not the full list but it's approximately the top half, minus somepeople who say they are interested in Elvish and Ancient Egyptian.. My mobile interface is misbehaving, quitting for now. Let's see if that helps.
2920:, which clearly states: "Names for peoples and cultures, languages and dialects, nationalities, ethnic and religious groups, demonyms, and the like are capitalized,". It is also clear in this article that the term "
1902:
The French Knowledge (XXG) MOS does not address Algeria at all and neither does the English. The English MOS says that if there is an anglicized loanword we should use it. But there isn't. As to the question about
1391:
This is another proof that dictionaries are in many respects extremely limited. If "Pied-Noir" is or was considered derogatory, then why do they use it themselves and why did the OAS use it while addressing them?
2398:
1907:: I am not certain who will be responding to this, so I hope it will not sound condescending if I explain this. Speakers of Arabic are quite likely, for example. A proper noun is just a schoolteacher word for a
4258:
as article title but pieds-noirs in running text. Per ngrams and Google Scholar (limited to Enlish language sources), it is clear that the plural form is the usual form in RSs and this would be consistent with
4275:
capping proper nouns compared with English, which often caps words derived from proper nous but not used as proper nouns. It is not capped in French. This tells us that it is not inherently a proper noun. Per
2858:
we've been using the term as a proper name since 2008 and I see no reason not to continue to do so, especially given the fact that it fits the definition and is used as such in multiple RS about the subject.
2722:"}}: Yes, there are several. It is not a word, in the general sense, but an ethnonym, a name. (That it's derived from everyday words that remain "transparent" to many of us is immaterial; the North American
4317:, it would appear that the hyphenated form would be required in French but not (necessarily) in English. It is probable that the hyphenation in English is more of a carry-over from the French rather than a
3411:
is true, and it's not exclusively rendered in English with case caps, then it should be lower case for the second N (and the first we just have to leave as-is due to technical limitations, if I recall).
2440:
would discourage uppercase after a hyphen. This would especially be the case when sources are mixed. (And Ngrams might be getting some uppercase from title-case headlines, which we should discount.) ââ ââ
2973:
Since you are again "explaining" wrong, I will no longer refrain from saying you that your misunderstanding is mistaken. It does not fit that definition because the pieds-noirs are not an ethnic group.
3881:
clarifying something: these people were "French" in the sense that they were born in Algeria at a time when the French government considered Algeria to be part of France. 20:06, 19 April 2024 (UTC)
2188:
You appear to have a problem understanding me. I'm just answering questions, and I'm neutral as to the capitalization. I'm not talking about the redirect, as I haven't checked its age. You asked
4850:. I honestly don't understand why, almost always, only the terms of the page on which the agreement was reached are changed. By working in this way, unfortunately, the encyclopedia loses value (
4534:
I am notorious for rushing in where angels fear to tread and I given the reluctance to read definitions that is in display in this RM I would myself hesitate to correct anything in this article.
2397:
That's a lame comparison; the "Pied-noir" usage is only from "pied-noir" in sentence-initial or sentence-case context, or even title-case while avoid caps after hyphen. The real comparison is
906:. Countries are capitalized, citizenships are not. Ever. This makes my teeth hurt. The first word of a title (as of this article) is capitalized. ONLY. The article title should be Pied-noir.
3807:: "Names for peoples and cultures, ... nationalities, ethnic and religious groups, demonyms, and the like are capitalized." SMcCandlish agrees. An ethnonym is a name for an ethnic group. ââ ââ
2378:
2902:
I'm not sure which theoretical definition you think it fits, but WP's practical definition is "consistently capitalized" in sources, and it certainly doesn't come close to fitting that one.
2121:
May I please gently suggest that you double-check your link to "proper name"? It redirects to "proper noun", which is exactly my point. So why are you trying to explain this to me again?
4337:. However, if it is italicised, then hypenation would appear to be necessary in order to conform with the French. This would also confirm the absence of capitalisation in running prose.
4271:, we should not be capping this at all. Linguistically, there is no difference between French and English as to what is a proper noun. The difference is that French is more rigorous in
4143:
3852:
religious groups, demonyms, and the like" (and thus it should use capital 'P'), although I suppose that's not something that needs to be settled in order for the RM to be closed. ââ ââ
3129:
Well, if you insist; however that quote from the Manual of Style includes all "groups" of people that have a group name, it also applies to nationalities, religious groups, demonyms,
4354:
as article title but pieds-noirs in running text. Per previous comment, and per the Ethnonym/people test (which I think I just invented): singularize/adjectivize the term and append
656:
3764:
And will you please cease all responses to me, because the community does not agree with you as shown in the guideline, and frankly your responses to me appear to be too much like
1488:
707:
604:
2874:
and our guidelines specifically say we should not treat things as proper names unless they're capitalized in a substantial majority of English-language sources. So let's fix it.
629:
619:
3103:
A good one? Yes, absolutely. And you are right about the mutuality of this. I will look also but I am about to be tied up RL for about six to eight hours, so not immediately.
3867:
about the title here, and in the title the first letter of the first word should be capitalized according to both French capitalization convention and Knowledge (XXG) style.
4957:
634:
624:
1068:
553:
3025:
I really wish things were that simple, but unfortunately, anyone who dealt with the issue of "ethnic groups" will tell you that it's an extremely complicated subject.
2143:, who asked about whether or not the title phrase was an English proper noun. The title phrase has been a proper noun phrase on the English WP for more than 15 years.
2494:
What I'm saying is that "Pied-Noir" is a proper name (or at least, I see no reason why it shouldn't considered as such given that it fits the definition). Please see
2332:
let's let other people talk, shall we? At a minimum this is a formal request that you refrain from "explaining" anything else to me, please and thank you very much.
3089:
I didn't ask for a citation when you made the assertion, but that's fine, I'll look for one. Just one question though: would a citation make you change your mind?
4942:
543:
1274:). I also notice it is often derogatory. My impression is that derogatory terms for people are typically singular rather than plural on Knowledge (XXG), such as
669:
4237:
it doesn't matter whether it is or isn't, since the Knowledge (XXG) style to capitalize the first letter of the article title would over-ride that to my mind.
1137:
It can rather easily be changed but is there a local consensus against it is the question. I don't know that I am willing to die on this hil. But nonetheless
3161:
2917:
4947:
4770:
as for how it for a good article rating, well. Presumably the reviewer didn't know that history was missing. You are allowed to contest that rating, btw.
3165:
strongly supports this move request. We might also consider natural disambiguation so readers know at a glance who the subjects of this article are, as in
4183:
could be applied to totally lower-case this, I have to state firmly that ethnonyms are a subject for which we have to apply a common-sense exception (per
1502:
803:
765:
519:
363:
258:
1061:, I will need to introduce one style or the other into the article, and so the COMMONNAME factor leads me to slightly favor lowercasing the P. This is a
614:
464:
151:
2265:
capitalization practice. For French: some expressions are not capitalized at all (e.g., fin de siĂšcle), others have a capitalization of the first word.
518:, nationalities, and other cultural identities on Knowledge (XXG). If you would like to participate, please visit the project page, where you can join
4897:
248:
4937:
4912:
4882:
1081:
665:
353:
141:
4639:
that the vast majority of French speakers would have some familiarity with the English language, especially any that wind up reading this article.
1933:
1424:
It is possible that at some point WikiProject Algeria, if there is or was one, reached a consensus about this at some point. I just took a look at
224:
4927:
2976:
And yes, you are voting, since you are pronouncing the definition correct. Correct that definition may be, but it is misapplied in this instance.
1482:
a person of European origin who lived in Algeria during French rule, especially one who returned to Europe after Algeria was granted independence.
454:
4852:
some users claim that these changes are pointless, superfluous and trivial (absurd...), but when this becomes a habit, the errors become numerous
2084:
Yes, ever since about 2008, which was when the title and running text were changed to the proper noun phrase, "Pied-Noir", here on the "English"
3750:
stop doing that. The fact that you make a claim does not demonstrate it's correctness. The capital p should stay in the article title, is all.
2473:
1308:
rather than about the people described by the terms, and that might also explain the singular titles for articles about pejorative terms. ââ ââ
725:
577:
510:
487:
4962:
4917:
4902:
4887:
4139:
it can be reliably sourced, which so far it has not been. But they should not thereafter be used by WP as if proper English or proper French.
4684:
do you think we should change one or more sentences within this article? I pinged you because we're both interested in this (French) topic.
4313:
On the matter of hyphenation, ngram results indicate a preference for the hyphenated form, while Google Scholar indicates the converse. Per
329:
4932:
3909:
But "Corsicans" is not the best example, as that is derived from the name of a place â i.e., Corsica. A potentially better example may be
117:
1013:
Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on the talk page. Editors desiring to contest the closing decision should consider a
4663:
1929:
4952:
2477:
2267:
Since it is the the title of a Knowledge (XXG) article, that should be "Pied-noir". In the article body we should be using "pied-noir"
4907:
4892:
2888:
I have yet to read a single valid argument as to why it shouldn't be considered as a proper name (given that it fits the definition).
2685:
The others use caps as you said. I can list twice that many using lowercase in short order, if that's worth anything. But it's not.
713:
4922:
4877:
4581:
4202:
2916:
I think the definition to which editor M.Bitton alludes might be one I've already linked in this discussion, so here it is again...
2738:
4175:
es) is clearly standardized near-unversally, against variants like "Pied-noirs" and "Pieds-noir" (or "Pied-noir" being used as an
3007:
According to the demographics of those repatriated from Algeria, spelled out in the article I keep saying you should read. Also,
3913:, specifically the capital 'K' of "Kids" (not the capital 'B', since that's derived from the name of an institution). Similarly,
320:
281:
213:
174:
4333:. The phrase appears in several prominent English language dictionaries. This would indicate a status as a loan word and that
3399:
and say it's Waikiki in English and Waikīkī in Hawaiian, but that's popular perception and not actually how it works out, and
425:
386:
108:
69:
44:
2348:
I hope you don't mind me asking another question: is there any reason why "Pied-Noir" shouldn't be considered as a loanword?
2312:"A proper noun is a noun that identifies a single entity and is used to refer to that entity (Africa; Jupiter; Sarah" Walmart
2088:, consensus has been to think of this title as a proper noun phrase. Since there does not seem to be a lot about this in the
4179:-less collective plural, for that matter; rather, it's a singular and an adjective). While a super-strict interpretation of
2718:, by which I think is meant "a fully assimiliated loanword that we treat as English, like 'rendezvous' and 'taco' and 'parka
2551:
Are you saying that the book n-gram stats are not perfectly compelling? I see no possible ambiguity. Per the criterion at
4171:
of South Africa); the hyphen is virtually required, but a capital after the hyphen is not; and the "Pieds-noirs" form (two
4456:
Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page. No further edits should be made to this discussion.
4233:
it is not an ethic group unless "Asian" is an ethnic group. Or in this case "European + Jewish". However it is true that
2513:
consistently capitalized in a substantial majority of independent, reliable sources are capitalized in Knowledge (XXG)."
1051:
ames for peoples and cultures, languages and dialects, nationalities, ethnic and religious groups, demonyms, and the like
1508:
1077:
3551:
Discussion is stuck on the definition of 'loanword" and "proper noun"and this sounds like a linguistics question to me
1004:
3331:
3299:
1698:
Yes and that doesn't change anything. "Pied-Noir" (when used in English sources as a loanword) refers specifically to
4846:
I propose the activation of a bot to change all the "Pied-Noir" and "Pieds-Noirs" terms present in the encyclopedia;
1450:
may wish to comment, I am not certain. But one of them may know for sure and it doesn't seem like anyone here bites.
1029:
From this discussion, I see a definite consensus that the "n" in "noir" should be lowercase: participants noted that
3406:
It's undeniable that in French "pied-noir" (and the plural form "pieds-noirs") is never written with capital letters
3075:
citation required. You might actually know more about this than I do, but right now you are just making assertions.
2928:" both as title of the article and in the article's content. Again, not !voting, just quoting the style guideline.
1533:
849:
4101:
3842:
3787:
3737:
3259:
3190:
2944:
2844:
2220:
2159:
2112:
2065:
2020:
1884:
3826:
for helping to clarify our differences, which seem to have very little or nothing to do with this move request.
2748:
It's still a noun. Does being an ethnonym prevent it from being a loanword or simply a loan if you prefer (like
1971:"Grammarian" is a little more correct, but I was trying not to sound pompous to Americans, who never get taught
861:
3711:
955:, not that it has anything to do with the question at hand. There were no pieds-noirs until after that period.
1057:. I don't see a consensus as to whether "pieds-noirs" should be considered an ethnonym or not; however, while
1014:
50:
4667:
4342:
1073:
3205:. Which is maybe one quantum of evidence that it is not an ethnonym. Is there another plural ethnonym like
2139:
And may I please gently suggest that you check the indents? My response above yours was actually to editor
1054:
1038:
4150:, at the end) is almost unheard of in professional writing (only occurred once), and "ieds-oir" (only one
4004:
It was only used to highlight the fact that being "French" doesn't prevent you from being something else.
591:
3765:
1062:
4578:
4199:
3934:
3857:
3812:
3507:
2735:
2485:
2445:
2093:
1840:
1689:
1649:
1629:
1382:
1327:
1313:
1271:
1241:
1186:
695:
328:
on Knowledge (XXG). If you would like to participate, please visit the project page, where you can join
116:
on Knowledge (XXG). If you would like to participate, please visit the project page, where you can join
4293:
4281:
4277:
1925:
1058:
1046:
4411:
4387:
3565:
i got your name and all these other from the list of active participants anat WikiProject Linguistics
3167:
2820:
Whatever decision editors come to in this discussion, this title should be in italics in the same way
2573:
1) What ngram stats are you referring to: the one that you supplied or the ones that were supplied by
4859:
4816:
4796:
4689:
4511:
4471:
4220:
4088:
3922:
3829:
3774:
3724:
3656:
3611:
3599:
3246:
3177:
2931:
2831:
2782:
2386:
2207:
2146:
2099:
2052:
2007:
1867:
1601:
1555:
1519:
1219:
1207:
1128:
1108:
981:
941:
4481:
4309:
2190:
Where/When was it decided that the article title should be capitalized? Nobody is speaking up, shrug
1531:
717:
4403:
3371:
1989:
But thanks for the link. Probably I should have just gone that route in the first place. I am out.
1275:
4395:
4264:
4260:
4184:
2418:
That's a useless comparison given that ngram doesn't distinguish between a noun and an adjective.
1017:
after discussing it on the closer's talk page. No further edits should be made to this discussion.
4832:
4775:
4755:
4733:
4644:
4539:
4525:
4489:
4423:
4371:
4338:
4297:
4242:
4069:
4029:
4009:
3971:
3900:
3886:
3872:
3755:
3717:
template; however, as I show above, Knowledge (XXG)'s MoS supports capital "P" both in the title
3680:
3665:
3633:
3570:
3556:
3520:
3499:
3488:
3452:
3384:
3367:
3352:
3316:
3282:
3222:
3108:
3094:
3080:
3064:
3047:
3030:
3016:
3008:
2998:
2981:
2907:
2893:
2879:
2864:
2807:
2757:
2690:
2676:
2662:
2640:
2623:
2608:
2590:
2582:
2564:
2542:
2518:
2503:
2459:
2423:
2406:
2368:
2353:
2337:
2272:
2253:
2179:
2130:
2036:
1994:
1980:
1961:
1941:
1825:
1775:
1726:
1707:
1681:
1671:
1637:
1619:
1587:
1540:
1469:
1455:
1434:
1397:
1358:
1341:
1203:
1145:
1104:
960:
952:
915:
867:
4079:
1490:, partly behind paywall but rest of the entry uses it in both all-lowercase and in italic font,
4554:
Cf. my big block of source-usage review in the thread above this. The plural is overwhelmingly
4263:. The same evidence also tell us that it is far from consistently capped in any variation. Per
4127:
consistently, following the bulk of the better-quality RS in English; singular (and adjective)
1304:. Possibly those two are singular because those articles are written to be primarily about the
1101:
in French "pied-noir" (and the plural form "pieds-noirs") is never written with capital letters
4605:
this descriptor does in fact fall under French conventions, then both "pied" and "noir" would
3542:
3503:
3463:
3335:
1477:
The New Oxford American Dictionary (unfortunately behind a paywall, but copy-pasting entry: "
4826:
4714:
4573:
4194:
3930:
3853:
3823:
3808:
3624:
3423:
3307:
2730:
2481:
2441:
2262:
From the erroneous redirect currently on the article title we have the following rationale:
1836:
1685:
1645:
1378:
1323:
1309:
1237:
1197:
1182:
863:
832:
401:
380:
4311:
1955:
1425:
4855:
4812:
4792:
4685:
4507:
4467:
4441:
4379:
4363:
4305:
4216:
3467:
3327:
2778:
2574:
2382:
1597:
1551:
1515:
1443:
1259:
1215:
1124:
977:
937:
645:
3400:
2537:
Determining which version is the most commonly used in English sources is no easy task.
1507:), but admittedly there are at least some that do it otherwise (e.g. "Pieds-Noir(s)" in
882:
was that this is an ethnicity not a foot that is black. Um. Ethnicities are never never
4570:
unattested, across a pretty big number of high-quality (and English-language) sources.
4358:â is that in common use? Yes: might be an ethnonym; No : cannot be an ethnonym. E.g.:
4167:, nor ones with other names that are "just words" in one language or another, e.g. the
3804:
3698:
3644:
3475:
3471:
3413:
3375:
3303:
2495:
2437:
1888:
1871:
1178:
1030:
951:
until you reminded me of this. Incidentally, readers of this page may be interested in
933:
312:
205:
4871:
4828:
4771:
4751:
4729:
4704:
article is largely focused on atrocities committed by the French military during the
4679:
4640:
4535:
4521:
4500:
4485:
4419:
4238:
4065:
4025:
4005:
3967:
3918:
3896:
3882:
3868:
3751:
3676:
3661:
3648:
3629:
3615:
3566:
3552:
3530:
3516:
3484:
3448:
3443:
3380:
3348:
3339:
3312:
3278:
3218:
3104:
3090:
3076:
3060:
3043:
3026:
3012:
2994:
2977:
2903:
2889:
2875:
2860:
2803:
2753:
2749:
2686:
2672:
2658:
2636:
2619:
2604:
2586:
2578:
2560:
2538:
2514:
2499:
2455:
2419:
2402:
2364:
2349:
2333:
2268:
2249:
2175:
2140:
2126:
2032:
1990:
1976:
1957:
1937:
1821:
1771:
1722:
1703:
1667:
1615:
1583:
1536:
1451:
1447:
1430:
1393:
1337:
1255:
1141:
971:
956:
927:
911:
417:
100:
4329:. This is a foreign language term that would be italicised except when considered a
3929:
lowercase in English-language sources (presumably due to the French influence). ââ ââ
1254:. It doesn't seem to exactly be the name of a people in the traditional sense (like
4705:
4367:
3914:
3652:
3607:
3591:
3538:
3511:
3435:
3159:
and, as an aside, I also support the capitalized "P" in the article's content. The
2089:
1716:
More correctly, lowercase "pied-noir" and "Pied-noir" in English only refer to the
1501:
There are various books that seem to follow the same usage (e.g. "pied noir(s)" in
1042:
515:
502:
481:
1529:
3395:
We have a similar issue on the Hawaiʻi wikiproject, where people take pages like
1658:
That may or may not be the case for "Black Foot", but as far as I know, the term
4710:
4407:
4132:
3603:
3479:
3439:
3431:
3343:
3295:
2307:
2047:
1904:
1263:
1231:
1024:
4300:, noting that the term is "often derogatory" would support the similarity with
4436:
4383:
4314:
4164:
3910:
3363:
2122:
1892:
1350:
1267:
1159:
407:
302:
195:
189:
168:
90:
17:
4307:
3703:
it is actually easy to lowercase the first letter of an article title, as in
2472:
by itself is a proper name, but I don't think you're claiming that. See also
4375:
4359:
4168:
4120:
2823:
2723:
1717:
1699:
1663:
1611:
1166:
1090:
611:
Articles about ethnic groups that currently have issues needing resolution:
84:
63:
2918:
Knowledge (XXG):Manual of Style/Capital letters#Peoples and their languages
2727:
academic material about Algeria, and French demographics, and ethnicities.
2244:
either singular or plural. The two most common forms in English books are
3057:
so you're going to assign people to the group whether they like it or not?
2716:
is there any reason why "Pied-Noir" shouldn't be considered as a loanword?
2633:
are you seriously saying you think this is a proper name, or just trolling
605:
Resolve the disparity in importance rankings among different ethnic groups
296:
275:
4268:
4180:
3595:
3427:
2552:
2174:
Apparent you do also. You should probably check that. Because it is not.
1633:
514:, a collaborative effort to improve the coverage of articles relating to
1214:. However, you wrote "pied-noirs"; it's correct to write "pieds-noirs".
4848:
from "Pied-Noir" to "pied-noir" and from "Pieds-Noirs" to "pieds-noirs"
4399:
3396:
1300:
1294:
1033:
discourages the capitalization of post-hyphen words unless those words
865:
325:
219:
572:
4787:
4391:
4096:
3837:
3782:
3732:
3254:
3185:
2939:
2839:
2215:
2154:
2107:
2060:
2015:
1641:
1282:
430:
113:
4863:
4836:
4820:
4800:
4779:
4759:
4750:
that the French version of events is missing some details, though.
4737:
4718:
4693:
4671:
4648:
4586:
4543:
4529:
4515:
4493:
4475:
4446:
4427:
4346:
4246:
4224:
4207:
4104:
4073:
4033:
4013:
3975:
3938:
3904:
3890:
3876:
3861:
3845:
3816:
3790:
3759:
3740:
3684:
3669:
3637:
3574:
3560:
3546:
3524:
3492:
3456:
3416:
3388:
3356:
3320:
3286:
3262:
3226:
3193:
3112:
3098:
3084:
3068:
3051:
3034:
3020:
3002:
2985:
2947:
2911:
2897:
2883:
2868:
2847:
2811:
2786:
2761:
2743:
2694:
2680:
2666:
2649:
Of those 3 you linked, the middle one, on the cuisine, mostly uses
2644:
2627:
2612:
2594:
2568:
2546:
2522:
2507:
2489:
2463:
2449:
2427:
2410:
2390:
2372:
2357:
2341:
2276:
2257:
2223:
2183:
2162:
2134:
2115:
2068:
2040:
2023:
1998:
1984:
1965:
1945:
1844:
1829:
1779:
1730:
1711:
1693:
1675:
1653:
1623:
1605:
1591:
1559:
1544:
1523:
1459:
1438:
1401:
1386:
1345:
1331:
1317:
1245:
1223:
1190:
1149:
1132:
1085:
985:
964:
945:
919:
324:, a collaborative effort to improve the coverage of the subject of
1208:
https://dictionnaire.orthodidacte.com/article/etymologie-pied-noir
1170:
1109:
https://dictionnaire.orthodidacte.com/article/etymologie-pied-noir
3292:
From the list of active participants at WikiProject Linguistics;
3704:
2197:
the capitalization of "Pied-Noir" had begun. I just checked the
1896:
1288:
1250:
I am not confident about whether it should be plural or singular
1037:, and furnished evidence showing that lowercase-n spellings are
639:
4414:(not an ethnonym). (And it's not just a missing redirect; see
1204:
https://www.larousse.fr/dictionnaires/francais/pied-noir/60796
1105:
https://www.larousse.fr/dictionnaires/francais/pied-noir/60796
868:
826:
26:
1628:
It's an alternate term for the Native American people of the
976:
yes, I meant that no one seems to agree to change the title.
223:
on Knowledge (XXG). If you would like to participate, please
1474:
Several Oxford publications also use it in lowercase, e.g.:
217:, an attempt to build a comprehensive and detailed guide to
1721:
Pied-noir". The "Pied-Noir" capitalization is quite rare.
1610:
Does "Pied-Noir" (in English) refer to anything other than
1292:. Some demonyms are not plural on Knowledge (XXG), such as
429:, an effort to build a comprehensive and detailed guide to
4135:
in the lead. Same goes for the broken-French "Pieds-noir"
657:
Knowledge (XXG):WikiProject Ethnic groups/Article requests
3822:
I support but editor Elinruby opposes. Thank you, editor
2381:
that 'Pied-Noir' is more commonly used than 'Pied-noir.
2169:
redirect for some reason. If you have a problem with the
4321:
in English. If one applies the principle to use hyphens
2774:
2474:
WP:Manual of Style/Biography § Hyphenation and compounds
1181:, which discourages capital letters after hyphens.) ââ ââ
1138:
1116:
4788:
Talk:Pieds-noirs#Removal of the "Good article" template
2199:
2194:
1468:
Collins dictionary lists it and shows it as lowercase (
1211:
1112:
1095:
796:
777:
758:
4215:
on capitalisation, but certainly should be plural. --
4595:
I did see it and thank you for the thoughtful answer.
4466:
singular form. Several corrections may be necessary.
1952:
A proper noun is just a schoolteacher word for a name
1377:) in 1961 calling it "this pejorative nickname". ââ ââ
3923:
New Romantics (song)#Requested move 11 November 2023
3403:
can't back that up. My French is rusty but if this:
3133:, not just ethnic groups. And since you insist, I...
630:
Category:Ethnic groups articles needing reassessment
620:
Category:Ethnic groups articles needing merge action
112:, a collaborative effort to improve the coverage of
2401:, showing "pied-noir" totally dominant in English.
433:
topics of a cross-border nature on Knowledge (XXG).
2773:Guys, if you need it, here is the page in French:
2577:? 2) What makes it compelling (please elaborate)?
1369:is quoted above here on this Talk page as quoting
3796:Aren't you both arguing for a capital 'P'? I too
635:Category:Ethnic groups articles needing attention
625:Category:Ethnic groups articles needing infoboxes
1535:some RS about the subject that use "Pied-Noir".
1140:is what I have to say about this whole thing ;)
1035:would ordinarily be capitalized in running prose
4304:, which is also not consistently capitalised.
1954:I think it's a bit more complicated than that.
1596:No, I don't think so, at least not in French.
723:If it no longer meets these criteria, you can
1487:The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Modern World (
601:of articles within the scope of this project.
8:
4064:merely calling out the IDHT where I see it.
2046:his car "Lizzie", which is a "proper name".
1934:fr:Liste des gouverneurs généraux du Canada
1883:Uses of the word in English as lower-case:
1511:), so there may be some leeway, if desired.
3162:community consensus in the Manual of Style
3059:They've already been assigned to a group.
1003:The following is a closed discussion of a
737:
690:
615:Category:Unassessed Ethnic groups articles
561:
476:
375:
270:
163:
58:
4958:Social sciences and society good articles
4327:tend to favour dispensing with the hyphen
3921:, which had an RM discussion recorded at
2248:, consistently for over a half century.
1480:noun (plural pieds noirs pronounced same)
708:Social sciences and society good articles
528:Knowledge (XXG):WikiProject Ethnic groups
3274:If I may make a constructive suggestion:
2454:The rule doesn't apply to proper names.
4562:(capitalization questions aside), with
4520:Yes, you've been pretty bold, I agree.
2991:the pieds-noirs are not an ethnic group
2478:WP:Manual of Style/Titles § Hyphenation
2192:, and I answered you that in 2008 with
1640:. It may also occasionally be used for
1636:â apparently a term still in use. See
478:
377:
272:
165:
60:
4806:Removal of the "Good article" template
4786:I have started a new discussion; see:
4435:âdowncase, especially after a hyphen.
3056:
2990:
2715:
2632:
2415:
2311:
2263:
2189:
1951:
1820:Why are you looking at older sources?
1682:Blackfoot language#Language variations
1638:Blackfoot language#Language variations
1050:
1034:
4943:Low-importance Ethnic groups articles
4159:For these reasons, I have to support
3239:Was thinking more along the lines of
1920:"Knowledge (XXG)" is a proper noun. (
1662:doesn't refer to anything other than
1322:Struck the "leaning" part of it. ââ ââ
565:WikiProject Ethnic groups open tasks:
7:
4335:it should probably not be italicised
2775:https://fr.wikipedia.org/Pieds-noirs
1252:, and am now leaning toward singular
1117:https://fr.wikipedia.org/Pieds-noirs
1021:The result of the move request was:
508:This article is within the scope of
423:This article is within the scope of
318:This article is within the scope of
211:This article is within the scope of
106:This article is within the scope of
32:
30:
4292:, the former being touched upon by
1930:List_of_governors_general_of_Canada
1212:https://fr.wiktionary.org/pied-noir
1113:https://fr.wiktionary.org/pied-noir
338:Knowledge (XXG):WikiProject History
233:Knowledge (XXG):WikiProject Algeria
49:It is of interest to the following
4948:WikiProject Ethnic groups articles
3768:. Thank you for your consideration
2800:pies-noirs with and without hyphen
531:Template:WikiProject Ethnic groups
439:Knowledge (XXG):WikiProject Europe
126:Knowledge (XXG):WikiProject France
25:
4558:and the singular (and adjective)
3895:The Corsicans are also "French".
2796:pied-noir with and without hyphen
2468:I disagree, unless you're saying
716:. If you can improve it further,
4898:High-importance Algeria articles
4452:The discussion above is closed.
4235:for purposes of the move request
1049:), which guide us to capitalize
831:
694:
571:
501:
480:
410:
400:
379:
305:
295:
274:
198:
188:
167:
93:
83:
62:
31:
4938:GA-Class Ethnic groups articles
4913:Low-importance history articles
4883:High-importance France articles
4700:The material just added to the
3213:by singularizing and appending
3209:that you cannot transform into
2635:please comment on the content.
548:This article has been rated as
459:This article has been rated as
358:This article has been rated as
253:This article has been rated as
146:This article has been rated as
4928:Low-importance Europe articles
2048:Here you go; this explains it.
1069:closed by non-admin page mover
704:has been listed as one of the
1:
4953:Knowledge (XXG) good articles
4571:
4192:
4142:For additional evidence, see
2728:
1528:For what it's worth, here are
522:and see a list of open tasks.
332:and see a list of open tasks.
120:and see a list of open tasks.
4963:Old requests for peer review
4918:WikiProject History articles
4903:WikiProject Algeria articles
4888:All WikiProject France pages
886:capitalized in French. See:
341:Template:WikiProject History
236:Template:WikiProject Algeria
4933:WikiProject Europe articles
4080:I just don't agree with you
2377:Google Books N'gram Viewer
1895:(both English and French),
442:Template:WikiProject Europe
129:Template:WikiProject France
4979:
4864:06:08, 5 August 2024 (UTC)
4649:04:03, 17 April 2024 (UTC)
4587:04:54, 16 April 2024 (UTC)
4566:barely ever attested, and
4544:18:45, 15 April 2024 (UTC)
4530:02:09, 15 April 2024 (UTC)
4516:02:06, 15 April 2024 (UTC)
4494:00:45, 15 April 2024 (UTC)
4476:17:39, 11 April 2024 (UTC)
4428:05:07, 23 April 2024 (UTC)
4347:01:14, 23 April 2024 (UTC)
4323:when necessary for clarity
4267:and the general advice at
4247:08:29, 19 April 2024 (UTC)
4225:13:05, 16 April 2024 (UTC)
4208:23:34, 15 April 2024 (UTC)
4144:this Google Scholar search
4105:02:08, 16 April 2024 (UTC)
4074:23:21, 15 April 2024 (UTC)
4034:09:26, 20 April 2024 (UTC)
4014:12:22, 20 April 2024 (UTC)
3976:23:18, 23 April 2024 (UTC)
3939:09:04, 20 April 2024 (UTC)
3905:00:38, 20 April 2024 (UTC)
3891:20:06, 19 April 2024 (UTC)
3877:20:02, 19 April 2024 (UTC)
3862:15:21, 19 April 2024 (UTC)
3846:06:33, 19 April 2024 (UTC)
3817:05:12, 19 April 2024 (UTC)
3791:22:43, 15 April 2024 (UTC)
3760:22:30, 15 April 2024 (UTC)
3741:22:16, 15 April 2024 (UTC)
3685:21:40, 15 April 2024 (UTC)
3670:21:25, 15 April 2024 (UTC)
3638:21:18, 15 April 2024 (UTC)
3575:21:06, 15 April 2024 (UTC)
3561:21:04, 15 April 2024 (UTC)
3547:21:00, 15 April 2024 (UTC)
3525:20:52, 15 April 2024 (UTC)
3493:20:44, 15 April 2024 (UTC)
3457:20:38, 15 April 2024 (UTC)
3417:20:28, 15 April 2024 (UTC)
3389:20:32, 15 April 2024 (UTC)
3357:20:27, 15 April 2024 (UTC)
3321:20:22, 15 April 2024 (UTC)
3287:18:50, 15 April 2024 (UTC)
3263:08:52, 23 April 2024 (UTC)
3227:04:41, 23 April 2024 (UTC)
3194:21:46, 15 April 2024 (UTC)
3113:23:37, 15 April 2024 (UTC)
3099:23:28, 15 April 2024 (UTC)
3085:23:24, 15 April 2024 (UTC)
3069:22:42, 15 April 2024 (UTC)
3052:22:35, 15 April 2024 (UTC)
3035:22:17, 15 April 2024 (UTC)
3021:22:12, 15 April 2024 (UTC)
3003:21:54, 15 April 2024 (UTC)
2986:18:40, 15 April 2024 (UTC)
2948:18:26, 15 April 2024 (UTC)
2912:17:13, 15 April 2024 (UTC)
2898:16:02, 15 April 2024 (UTC)
2884:15:59, 15 April 2024 (UTC)
2869:14:37, 15 April 2024 (UTC)
2848:09:32, 15 April 2024 (UTC)
2812:22:24, 14 April 2024 (UTC)
2787:13:22, 14 April 2024 (UTC)
2762:23:55, 15 April 2024 (UTC)
2744:23:45, 15 April 2024 (UTC)
2695:00:44, 15 April 2024 (UTC)
2681:22:43, 14 April 2024 (UTC)
2667:22:37, 14 April 2024 (UTC)
2645:22:49, 14 April 2024 (UTC)
2628:22:13, 14 April 2024 (UTC)
2613:22:10, 14 April 2024 (UTC)
2595:16:19, 14 April 2024 (UTC)
2569:16:06, 14 April 2024 (UTC)
2547:15:07, 14 April 2024 (UTC)
2523:00:44, 15 April 2024 (UTC)
2508:15:16, 14 April 2024 (UTC)
2490:15:10, 14 April 2024 (UTC)
2464:15:01, 14 April 2024 (UTC)
2450:05:16, 14 April 2024 (UTC)
2428:16:28, 14 April 2024 (UTC)
2411:15:53, 14 April 2024 (UTC)
2391:04:04, 14 April 2024 (UTC)
2373:01:28, 14 April 2024 (UTC)
2358:17:07, 13 April 2024 (UTC)
2342:05:44, 13 April 2024 (UTC)
2277:01:38, 13 April 2024 (UTC)
2258:23:49, 12 April 2024 (UTC)
2224:05:06, 13 April 2024 (UTC)
2184:02:57, 13 April 2024 (UTC)
2163:02:01, 13 April 2024 (UTC)
2135:01:29, 13 April 2024 (UTC)
2116:20:54, 12 April 2024 (UTC)
2069:19:59, 12 April 2024 (UTC)
2041:19:41, 12 April 2024 (UTC)
2024:19:22, 12 April 2024 (UTC)
1999:19:18, 12 April 2024 (UTC)
1985:19:15, 12 April 2024 (UTC)
1966:19:06, 12 April 2024 (UTC)
1946:18:55, 12 April 2024 (UTC)
1845:03:29, 15 April 2024 (UTC)
1830:16:26, 14 April 2024 (UTC)
1780:05:37, 23 April 2024 (UTC)
1731:16:06, 14 April 2024 (UTC)
1712:15:04, 14 April 2024 (UTC)
1694:15:01, 14 April 2024 (UTC)
1676:14:59, 14 April 2024 (UTC)
1654:05:25, 14 April 2024 (UTC)
1624:17:11, 12 April 2024 (UTC)
1606:15:29, 12 April 2024 (UTC)
1592:14:06, 12 April 2024 (UTC)
1560:18:17, 12 April 2024 (UTC)
1545:17:22, 12 April 2024 (UTC)
1524:16:33, 12 April 2024 (UTC)
1460:04:43, 12 April 2024 (UTC)
1439:03:52, 12 April 2024 (UTC)
1402:16:25, 14 April 2024 (UTC)
1387:15:49, 14 April 2024 (UTC)
1346:15:31, 14 April 2024 (UTC)
1332:15:25, 14 April 2024 (UTC)
1318:05:49, 14 April 2024 (UTC)
1246:00:19, 12 April 2024 (UTC)
1224:23:40, 11 April 2024 (UTC)
1191:21:12, 11 April 2024 (UTC)
1150:18:09, 11 April 2024 (UTC)
1133:17:16, 11 April 2024 (UTC)
1059:cleaning up after the move
986:17:56, 11 April 2024 (UTC)
965:17:46, 11 April 2024 (UTC)
946:17:32, 11 April 2024 (UTC)
554:project's importance scale
465:project's importance scale
364:project's importance scale
259:project's importance scale
152:project's importance scale
4908:GA-Class history articles
4893:GA-Class Algeria articles
4837:09:30, 24 July 2024 (UTC)
4821:07:53, 22 July 2024 (UTC)
4801:07:57, 22 July 2024 (UTC)
4780:06:45, 22 July 2024 (UTC)
4760:13:02, 24 July 2024 (UTC)
4738:05:55, 22 July 2024 (UTC)
4719:22:06, 20 July 2024 (UTC)
4694:21:32, 20 July 2024 (UTC)
4672:16:43, 19 July 2024 (UTC)
2246:pied-noir and pieds-noirs
1885:Oxford English Dictionary
1367:Oxford English Dictionary
920:21:50, 21 June 2023 (UTC)
817:
740:
736:
578:WikiProject Ethnic groups
560:
547:
511:WikiProject Ethnic groups
496:
458:
395:
357:
290:
252:
183:
145:
78:
57:
4923:GA-Class Europe articles
4878:GA-Class France articles
4454:Please do not modify it.
4325:, the mixed usage would
2314:after I had *just* said
1582:an English proper noun?
1086:16:32, 15 May 2024 (UTC)
1010:Please do not modify it.
934:Talk:Pied-Noir#Lowercase
4825:See instructions here:
4447:07:01, 2 May 2024 (UTC)
2671:What about the others?
2655:La Cuisine Pied Noir
1975:formal grammar at all.
1514:I hope that's helpful,
1121:I propose the lowercase
3332:InformationvsInjustice
3300:Justanotherinternetguy
2301:What I wanted to know
1926:fr: gouverneur-général
534:Ethnic groups articles
39:This article is rated
3746:you "show" nada sir,
2601:how about these stats
2094:Blackfoot Confederacy
1630:Blackfoot Confederacy
1336:It's not derogatory.
714:good article criteria
43:on Knowledge (XXG)'s
3798:support a capital 'P
785:Good article nominee
4406:(not an ethnonym);
4398:(not an ethnonym);
4390:(not an ethnonym);
4352:Support Pieds-noirs
4256:Support Pieds-noirs
4117:Support Pieds-noirs
3719:and in running text
3202:no Pied-noir people
3153:the proposed title
2993:according to whom?
2416:The real comparison
1936:? Hope that helps.
670:discuss these tasks
576:Here are some open
321:WikiProject History
214:WikiProject Algeria
4629:What do you think?
4372:Azerbaijani people
4298:Collins definition
3009:Regency of Algiers
2794:without smoothing
2555:, this is clearly
2090:WP Manual of Style
1074:ModernDayTrilobite
953:Regency of Algiers
741:Article milestones
653:Start an article:
426:WikiProject Europe
109:WikiProject France
45:content assessment
4657:French propaganda
4284:but more akin to
4107:
3848:
3793:
3743:
3696:
3265:
3196:
2950:
2850:
2792:More n-gram stats
2226:
2165:
2118:
2071:
2026:
1483:
1355:Often Disparaging
1072:
874:
873:
855:
854:
825:
824:
813:
812:
778:February 18, 2008
732:
689:
688:
685:
684:
681:
680:
677:
676:
475:
474:
471:
470:
374:
373:
370:
369:
269:
268:
265:
264:
162:
161:
158:
157:
16:(Redirected from
4970:
4683:
4585:
4504:
4444:
4412:Pied-noir people
4388:Manichean people
4206:
4103:
4099:
4091:
3844:
3840:
3832:
3801:
3789:
3785:
3777:
3739:
3735:
3727:
3716:
3710:
3707:, by use of the
3702:
3694:
3660:
3628:
3619:
3535:Why am I tagged?
3515:
3508:Mr. Stradivarius
3483:
3447:
3379:
3347:
3311:
3261:
3257:
3249:
3204:
3192:
3188:
3180:
2946:
2942:
2934:
2846:
2842:
2834:
2742:
2721:
2222:
2218:
2210:
2202:
2195:
2171:English language
2161:
2157:
2149:
2114:
2110:
2102:
2067:
2063:
2055:
2022:
2018:
2010:
1868:Blackfoot Nation
1478:
1363:often derogatory
1201:
1098:
1066:
1012:
975:
931:
869:
846:
845:
835:
827:
818:Current status:
799:
780:
761:
759:January 25, 2008
738:
721:
698:
691:
599:on the talk page
596:
590:
575:
562:
536:
535:
532:
529:
526:
505:
498:
497:
492:
484:
477:
447:
446:
443:
440:
437:
420:
415:
414:
413:
404:
397:
396:
391:
383:
376:
346:
345:
344:history articles
342:
339:
336:
315:
310:
309:
308:
299:
292:
291:
286:
278:
271:
241:
240:
239:Algeria articles
237:
234:
231:
225:join the project
208:
203:
202:
201:
192:
185:
184:
179:
171:
164:
134:
133:
130:
127:
124:
103:
98:
97:
96:
87:
80:
79:
74:
66:
59:
42:
36:
35:
34:
27:
21:
4978:
4977:
4973:
4972:
4971:
4969:
4968:
4967:
4868:
4867:
4844:
4808:
4677:
4659:
4498:
4463:
4458:
4457:
4442:
4380:Coloured people
4364:Corsican people
4097:
4089:
3838:
3830:
3799:
3783:
3775:
3733:
3725:
3714:
3712:Lowercase title
3708:
3693:
3657:AudiblySilenced
3642:
3622:
3612:Sasuke Sarutobi
3600:Johanna-Hypatia
3589:
3497:
3461:
3421:
3361:
3325:
3293:
3255:
3247:
3200:
3186:
3178:
2940:
2932:
2840:
2832:
2719:
2559:a proper name.
2216:
2208:
2198:
2193:
2155:
2147:
2108:
2100:
2086:Knowledge (XXG)
2061:
2053:
2016:
2008:
1195:
1094:
1008:
998:
969:
925:
879:
870:
864:
840:
795:
776:
757:
646:Peruvian people
594:
588:
533:
530:
527:
524:
523:
490:
445:Europe articles
444:
441:
438:
435:
434:
416:
411:
409:
389:
343:
340:
337:
334:
333:
311:
306:
304:
284:
255:High-importance
238:
235:
232:
229:
228:
204:
199:
197:
178:Highâimportance
177:
148:High-importance
132:France articles
131:
128:
125:
122:
121:
99:
94:
92:
73:Highâimportance
72:
40:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4976:
4974:
4966:
4965:
4960:
4955:
4950:
4945:
4940:
4935:
4930:
4925:
4920:
4915:
4910:
4905:
4900:
4895:
4890:
4885:
4880:
4870:
4869:
4843:
4840:
4807:
4804:
4783:
4782:
4768:
4767:
4766:
4765:
4764:
4763:
4762:
4726:
4725:
4724:
4723:
4722:
4721:
4658:
4655:
4654:
4653:
4652:
4651:
4633:
4632:
4631:
4630:
4624:
4623:
4622:
4621:
4614:
4613:
4612:
4611:
4599:
4598:
4597:
4596:
4590:
4589:
4552:
4551:
4550:
4549:
4548:
4547:
4546:
4462:
4459:
4451:
4450:
4449:
4430:
4349:
4252:
4251:
4250:
4249:
4228:
4227:
4210:
4138:
4113:
4112:
4111:
4110:
4109:
4108:
4090:P.I. Ellsworth
4059:
4058:
4057:
4056:
4055:
4054:
4053:
4052:
4051:
4050:
4049:
4048:
4047:
4046:
4045:
4044:
4043:
4042:
4041:
4040:
4039:
4038:
4037:
4036:
4018:
4017:
4016:
3965:
3964:
3963:
3962:
3961:
3960:
3959:
3958:
3957:
3956:
3955:
3954:
3953:
3952:
3951:
3950:
3949:
3948:
3947:
3946:
3945:
3944:
3943:
3942:
3831:P.I. Ellsworth
3805:MOS:PEOPLELANG
3776:P.I. Ellsworth
3726:P.I. Ellsworth
3691:
3690:
3689:
3688:
3687:
3620:
3587:
3586:
3585:
3584:
3583:
3582:
3581:
3580:
3579:
3578:
3577:
3536:
3533:
3409:
3408:
3407:
3393:
3392:
3391:
3372:Newroderick895
3271:
3270:
3269:
3268:
3267:
3266:
3248:P.I. Ellsworth
3232:
3231:
3230:
3229:
3179:P.I. Ellsworth
3147:
3146:
3145:
3144:
3143:
3142:
3141:
3140:
3139:
3138:
3137:
3136:
3135:
3134:
3127:
3126:
3125:
3124:
3123:
3122:
3121:
3120:
3119:
3118:
3117:
3116:
3115:
3039:
3038:
3037:
2974:
2960:
2959:
2958:
2957:
2956:
2955:
2954:
2953:
2952:
2951:
2933:P.I. Ellsworth
2852:
2851:
2833:P.I. Ellsworth
2771:
2770:
2769:
2768:
2767:
2766:
2765:
2764:
2713:
2712:
2711:
2710:
2709:
2708:
2707:
2706:
2705:
2704:
2703:
2702:
2701:
2700:
2699:
2698:
2697:
2630:
2535:
2534:
2533:
2532:
2531:
2530:
2529:
2528:
2527:
2526:
2525:
2496:MOS:HYPHENCAPS
2438:MOS:HYPHENCAPS
2434:
2433:
2432:
2431:
2430:
2346:
2345:
2344:
2325:
2324:
2323:
2322:
2321:
2320:
2294:
2293:
2292:
2291:
2290:
2289:
2280:
2279:
2260:
2238:
2237:
2236:
2235:
2234:
2233:
2232:
2231:
2230:
2229:
2228:
2227:
2209:P.I. Ellsworth
2148:P.I. Ellsworth
2101:P.I. Ellsworth
2082:
2081:
2080:
2079:
2078:
2077:
2076:
2075:
2074:
2073:
2072:
2054:P.I. Ellsworth
2009:P.I. Ellsworth
2001:
1915:
1914:
1913:
1912:
1900:
1889:New York Times
1878:
1877:
1876:
1875:
1872:Globe and Mail
1863:
1862:
1861:
1860:
1859:
1858:
1857:
1856:
1855:
1854:
1853:
1852:
1851:
1850:
1849:
1848:
1847:
1801:
1800:
1799:
1798:
1797:
1796:
1795:
1794:
1793:
1792:
1791:
1790:
1789:
1788:
1787:
1786:
1785:
1784:
1783:
1782:
1748:
1747:
1746:
1745:
1744:
1743:
1742:
1741:
1740:
1739:
1738:
1737:
1736:
1735:
1734:
1733:
1575:
1574:
1573:
1572:
1571:
1570:
1569:
1568:
1567:
1566:
1565:
1564:
1563:
1562:
1512:
1499:
1498:
1497:
1496:
1495:
1485:
1472:
1417:
1416:
1415:
1414:
1413:
1412:
1411:
1410:
1409:
1408:
1407:
1406:
1405:
1404:
1351:Dictionary.com
1334:
1272:Sauria Paharia
1179:MOS:HYPHENCAPS
1088:
1031:MOS:HYPHENCAPS
1020:
1019:
1005:requested move
999:
997:
994:
993:
992:
991:
990:
989:
988:
878:
877:Capitalization
875:
872:
871:
866:
862:
860:
857:
856:
853:
852:
842:
841:
836:
830:
823:
822:
815:
814:
811:
810:
807:
800:
792:
791:
788:
781:
773:
772:
769:
762:
754:
753:
750:
747:
743:
742:
734:
733:
699:
687:
686:
683:
682:
679:
678:
675:
674:
666:edit this list
662:
661:
660:
659:
651:
650:
649:
642:
637:
632:
627:
622:
617:
609:
608:
607:
602:
567:
566:
558:
557:
550:Low-importance
546:
540:
539:
537:
520:the discussion
506:
494:
493:
491:Lowâimportance
485:
473:
472:
469:
468:
461:Low-importance
457:
451:
450:
448:
422:
421:
405:
393:
392:
390:Lowâimportance
384:
372:
371:
368:
367:
360:Low-importance
356:
350:
349:
347:
330:the discussion
317:
316:
313:History portal
300:
288:
287:
285:Lowâimportance
279:
267:
266:
263:
262:
251:
245:
244:
242:
210:
209:
206:Algeria portal
193:
181:
180:
172:
160:
159:
156:
155:
144:
138:
137:
135:
118:the discussion
105:
104:
88:
76:
75:
67:
55:
54:
48:
37:
24:
18:Talk:Pied-Noir
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4975:
4964:
4961:
4959:
4956:
4954:
4951:
4949:
4946:
4944:
4941:
4939:
4936:
4934:
4931:
4929:
4926:
4924:
4921:
4919:
4916:
4914:
4911:
4909:
4906:
4904:
4901:
4899:
4896:
4894:
4891:
4889:
4886:
4884:
4881:
4879:
4876:
4875:
4873:
4866:
4865:
4861:
4857:
4853:
4849:
4841:
4839:
4838:
4834:
4830:
4827:
4823:
4822:
4818:
4814:
4805:
4803:
4802:
4798:
4794:
4790:
4789:
4781:
4777:
4773:
4769:
4761:
4757:
4753:
4748:
4747:
4746:
4745:
4744:
4743:
4742:
4741:
4740:
4739:
4735:
4731:
4720:
4716:
4712:
4707:
4703:
4699:
4698:
4697:
4696:
4695:
4691:
4687:
4681:
4676:
4675:
4674:
4673:
4669:
4665:
4664:31.20.246.162
4656:
4650:
4646:
4642:
4637:
4636:
4635:
4634:
4628:
4627:
4626:
4625:
4618:
4617:
4616:
4615:
4608:
4603:
4602:
4601:
4600:
4594:
4593:
4592:
4591:
4588:
4583:
4580:
4577:
4576:
4569:
4565:
4561:
4557:
4553:
4545:
4541:
4537:
4533:
4532:
4531:
4527:
4523:
4519:
4518:
4517:
4513:
4509:
4502:
4497:
4496:
4495:
4491:
4487:
4483:
4480:
4479:
4478:
4477:
4473:
4469:
4460:
4455:
4448:
4445:
4440:
4439:
4434:
4431:
4429:
4425:
4421:
4417:
4413:
4409:
4405:
4404:Ohioan people
4401:
4397:
4393:
4389:
4385:
4381:
4377:
4373:
4369:
4365:
4361:
4357:
4353:
4350:
4348:
4344:
4340:
4339:Cinderella157
4336:
4332:
4328:
4324:
4320:
4316:
4312:
4310:
4308:
4306:
4303:
4299:
4295:
4291:
4287:
4283:
4279:
4274:
4270:
4266:
4262:
4257:
4254:
4253:
4248:
4244:
4240:
4236:
4232:
4231:
4230:
4229:
4226:
4222:
4218:
4214:
4211:
4209:
4204:
4201:
4198:
4197:
4190:
4186:
4182:
4178:
4174:
4170:
4166:
4162:
4158:
4156:
4153:
4149:
4145:
4141:
4136:
4134:
4130:
4126:
4122:
4118:
4115:
4114:
4106:
4102:
4100:
4094:
4093:
4092:
4085:
4081:
4077:
4076:
4075:
4071:
4067:
4063:
4062:
4061:
4060:
4035:
4031:
4027:
4023:
4019:
4015:
4011:
4007:
4003:
4002:
4001:
4000:
3999:
3998:
3997:
3996:
3995:
3994:
3993:
3992:
3991:
3990:
3989:
3988:
3987:
3986:
3985:
3984:
3983:
3982:
3981:
3980:
3979:
3978:
3977:
3973:
3969:
3940:
3936:
3932:
3928:
3924:
3920:
3919:New Romantics
3916:
3912:
3908:
3907:
3906:
3902:
3898:
3894:
3893:
3892:
3888:
3884:
3880:
3879:
3878:
3874:
3870:
3865:
3864:
3863:
3859:
3855:
3850:
3849:
3847:
3843:
3841:
3835:
3834:
3833:
3825:
3820:
3819:
3818:
3814:
3810:
3806:
3802:
3795:
3794:
3792:
3788:
3786:
3780:
3779:
3778:
3771:
3767:
3763:
3762:
3761:
3757:
3753:
3749:
3745:
3744:
3742:
3738:
3736:
3730:
3729:
3728:
3720:
3713:
3706:
3700:
3692:
3686:
3682:
3678:
3673:
3672:
3671:
3667:
3663:
3658:
3654:
3650:
3646:
3641:
3640:
3639:
3635:
3631:
3626:
3621:
3617:
3613:
3609:
3605:
3601:
3597:
3593:
3588:
3576:
3572:
3568:
3564:
3563:
3562:
3558:
3554:
3550:
3549:
3548:
3544:
3540:
3537:
3534:
3532:
3528:
3527:
3526:
3522:
3518:
3513:
3509:
3505:
3501:
3500:MacedonianBoy
3496:
3495:
3494:
3490:
3486:
3481:
3477:
3473:
3469:
3465:
3460:
3459:
3458:
3454:
3450:
3445:
3441:
3437:
3433:
3429:
3425:
3420:
3419:
3418:
3415:
3410:
3405:
3404:
3402:
3398:
3394:
3390:
3386:
3382:
3377:
3373:
3369:
3368:Francis Tyers
3365:
3360:
3359:
3358:
3354:
3350:
3345:
3341:
3337:
3333:
3329:
3324:
3323:
3322:
3318:
3314:
3309:
3305:
3301:
3297:
3291:
3290:
3289:
3288:
3284:
3280:
3275:
3264:
3260:
3258:
3252:
3251:
3250:
3242:
3238:
3237:
3236:
3235:
3234:
3233:
3228:
3224:
3220:
3216:
3212:
3211:Fooian people
3208:
3203:
3198:
3197:
3195:
3191:
3189:
3183:
3182:
3181:
3173:
3172:
3170:
3164:
3163:
3158:
3157:
3152:
3149:
3148:
3132:
3128:
3114:
3110:
3106:
3102:
3101:
3100:
3096:
3092:
3088:
3087:
3086:
3082:
3078:
3074:
3073:
3072:
3071:
3070:
3066:
3062:
3058:
3055:
3054:
3053:
3049:
3045:
3040:
3036:
3032:
3028:
3024:
3023:
3022:
3018:
3014:
3010:
3006:
3005:
3004:
3000:
2996:
2992:
2989:
2988:
2987:
2983:
2979:
2975:
2972:
2971:
2970:
2969:
2968:
2967:
2966:
2965:
2964:
2963:
2962:
2961:
2949:
2945:
2943:
2937:
2936:
2935:
2927:
2923:
2919:
2915:
2914:
2913:
2909:
2905:
2901:
2900:
2899:
2895:
2891:
2887:
2886:
2885:
2881:
2877:
2872:
2871:
2870:
2866:
2862:
2857:
2854:
2853:
2849:
2845:
2843:
2837:
2836:
2835:
2827:
2826:
2825:
2819:
2816:
2815:
2814:
2813:
2809:
2805:
2801:
2797:
2793:
2789:
2788:
2784:
2780:
2776:
2763:
2759:
2755:
2751:
2747:
2746:
2745:
2740:
2737:
2734:
2733:
2725:
2717:
2714:
2696:
2692:
2688:
2684:
2683:
2682:
2678:
2674:
2670:
2669:
2668:
2664:
2660:
2656:
2652:
2648:
2647:
2646:
2642:
2638:
2634:
2631:
2629:
2625:
2621:
2616:
2615:
2614:
2610:
2606:
2602:
2598:
2597:
2596:
2592:
2588:
2584:
2580:
2576:
2572:
2571:
2570:
2566:
2562:
2558:
2554:
2550:
2549:
2548:
2544:
2540:
2536:
2524:
2520:
2516:
2511:
2510:
2509:
2505:
2501:
2497:
2493:
2492:
2491:
2487:
2483:
2479:
2475:
2471:
2467:
2466:
2465:
2461:
2457:
2453:
2452:
2451:
2447:
2443:
2439:
2435:
2429:
2425:
2421:
2417:
2414:
2413:
2412:
2408:
2404:
2400:
2396:
2395:
2394:
2393:
2392:
2388:
2384:
2380:
2376:
2375:
2374:
2370:
2366:
2361:
2360:
2359:
2355:
2351:
2347:
2343:
2339:
2335:
2331:
2330:
2329:
2328:
2327:
2326:
2317:
2313:
2309:
2304:
2300:
2299:
2298:
2297:
2296:
2295:
2286:
2285:
2284:
2283:
2282:
2281:
2278:
2274:
2270:
2266:
2261:
2259:
2255:
2251:
2247:
2243:
2240:
2239:
2225:
2221:
2219:
2213:
2212:
2211:
2201:
2191:
2187:
2186:
2185:
2181:
2177:
2172:
2167:
2166:
2164:
2160:
2158:
2152:
2151:
2150:
2142:
2138:
2137:
2136:
2132:
2128:
2123:
2120:
2119:
2117:
2113:
2111:
2105:
2104:
2103:
2095:
2091:
2087:
2083:
2070:
2066:
2064:
2058:
2057:
2056:
2049:
2044:
2043:
2042:
2038:
2034:
2029:
2028:
2025:
2021:
2019:
2013:
2012:
2011:
2002:
2000:
1996:
1992:
1988:
1987:
1986:
1982:
1978:
1974:
1969:
1968:
1967:
1963:
1959:
1956:
1953:
1950:
1949:
1947:
1943:
1939:
1935:
1931:
1927:
1923:
1922:Un nom propre
1919:
1918:
1917:
1916:
1910:
1906:
1901:
1898:
1894:
1890:
1886:
1882:
1881:
1880:
1879:
1873:
1869:
1864:
1846:
1842:
1838:
1833:
1832:
1831:
1827:
1823:
1819:
1818:
1817:
1816:
1815:
1814:
1813:
1812:
1811:
1810:
1809:
1808:
1807:
1806:
1805:
1804:
1803:
1802:
1781:
1777:
1773:
1768:
1767:
1766:
1765:
1764:
1763:
1762:
1761:
1760:
1759:
1758:
1757:
1756:
1755:
1754:
1753:
1752:
1751:
1750:
1749:
1732:
1728:
1724:
1719:
1715:
1714:
1713:
1709:
1705:
1701:
1697:
1696:
1695:
1691:
1687:
1683:
1680:Did you read
1679:
1678:
1677:
1673:
1669:
1665:
1661:
1657:
1656:
1655:
1651:
1647:
1643:
1639:
1635:
1631:
1627:
1626:
1625:
1621:
1617:
1613:
1609:
1608:
1607:
1603:
1599:
1595:
1594:
1593:
1589:
1585:
1581:
1577:
1576:
1561:
1557:
1553:
1548:
1547:
1546:
1542:
1538:
1534:
1532:
1530:
1527:
1526:
1525:
1521:
1517:
1513:
1510:
1506:
1503:
1500:
1493:
1489:
1486:
1481:
1476:
1475:
1473:
1470:
1467:
1466:
1463:
1462:
1461:
1457:
1453:
1449:
1445:
1442:
1441:
1440:
1436:
1432:
1427:
1423:
1422:
1421:
1420:
1419:
1418:
1403:
1399:
1395:
1390:
1389:
1388:
1384:
1380:
1376:
1372:
1368:
1364:
1360:
1356:
1352:
1349:
1348:
1347:
1343:
1339:
1335:
1333:
1329:
1325:
1321:
1320:
1319:
1315:
1311:
1307:
1303:
1302:
1297:
1296:
1291:
1290:
1285:
1284:
1279:
1278:
1273:
1269:
1265:
1261:
1257:
1253:
1249:
1248:
1247:
1243:
1239:
1235:
1234:
1233:
1227:
1226:
1225:
1221:
1217:
1213:
1209:
1205:
1199:
1194:
1193:
1192:
1188:
1184:
1180:
1176:
1172:
1168:
1164:
1163:
1162:
1161:
1156:Pluralize as
1154:
1153:
1152:
1151:
1147:
1143:
1139:
1135:
1134:
1130:
1126:
1122:
1118:
1114:
1110:
1106:
1102:
1097:
1092:
1087:
1083:
1079:
1075:
1070:
1064:
1060:
1056:
1055:WP:COMMONNAME
1052:
1048:
1044:
1040:
1036:
1032:
1028:
1026:
1018:
1016:
1011:
1006:
1001:
1000:
995:
987:
983:
979:
973:
968:
967:
966:
962:
958:
954:
949:
948:
947:
943:
939:
935:
929:
924:
923:
922:
921:
917:
913:
907:
905:
901:
897:
893:
889:
885:
876:
859:
858:
851:
848:
847:
844:
843:
839:
834:
829:
828:
821:
816:
808:
806:
805:
801:
798:
794:
793:
789:
787:
786:
782:
779:
775:
774:
770:
768:
767:
763:
760:
756:
755:
751:
748:
745:
744:
739:
735:
730:
728:
727:
719:
715:
711:
710:
709:
703:
700:
697:
693:
692:
673:
671:
667:
664:Feel free to
658:
655:
654:
652:
648:
647:
643:
641:
638:
636:
633:
631:
628:
626:
623:
621:
618:
616:
613:
612:
610:
606:
603:
600:
593:
592:Ethnic groups
586:
585:
583:
582:
581:
579:
574:
569:
568:
564:
563:
559:
555:
551:
545:
542:
541:
538:
525:Ethnic groups
521:
517:
516:ethnic groups
513:
512:
507:
504:
500:
499:
495:
489:
488:Ethnic groups
486:
483:
479:
466:
462:
456:
453:
452:
449:
432:
428:
427:
419:
418:Europe portal
408:
406:
403:
399:
398:
394:
388:
385:
382:
378:
365:
361:
355:
352:
351:
348:
331:
327:
323:
322:
314:
303:
301:
298:
294:
293:
289:
283:
280:
277:
273:
260:
256:
250:
247:
246:
243:
226:
222:
221:
216:
215:
207:
196:
194:
191:
187:
186:
182:
176:
173:
170:
166:
153:
149:
143:
140:
139:
136:
119:
115:
111:
110:
102:
101:France portal
91:
89:
86:
82:
81:
77:
71:
68:
65:
61:
56:
52:
46:
38:
29:
28:
19:
4856:JacktheBrown
4851:
4847:
4845:
4824:
4813:JacktheBrown
4809:
4793:JacktheBrown
4785:
4784:
4727:
4706:Algerian War
4701:
4686:JacktheBrown
4660:
4606:
4574:
4567:
4563:
4559:
4555:
4508:JacktheBrown
4468:JacktheBrown
4464:
4453:
4437:
4432:
4396:Arian people
4368:Azerbaijanis
4355:
4351:
4334:
4330:
4326:
4322:
4318:
4301:
4289:
4285:
4272:
4255:
4234:
4212:
4195:
4188:
4176:
4172:
4160:
4157:
4155:
4151:
4147:
4140:
4128:
4124:
4116:
4087:
4086:
4083:
4078:I did hear,
4021:
3927:consistently
3926:
3915:New Romantic
3828:
3827:
3797:
3773:
3772:
3769:
3747:
3723:
3722:
3718:
3504:Swfarnsworth
3336:Rashad Ullah
3273:
3272:
3245:
3244:
3241:these ngrams
3214:
3210:
3206:
3176:
3175:
3168:
3166:
3160:
3155:
3154:
3150:
3131:and the like
3130:
2930:
2929:
2925:
2921:
2855:
2830:
2829:
2822:
2821:
2817:
2791:
2790:
2779:JacktheBrown
2772:
2731:
2654:
2650:
2556:
2469:
2315:
2302:
2241:
2206:
2205:
2170:
2145:
2144:
2098:
2097:
2085:
2051:
2050:
2006:
2005:
1972:
1921:
1908:
1905:proper nouns
1659:
1598:JacktheBrown
1579:
1491:
1479:
1375:London Times
1374:
1373:(presumably
1370:
1366:
1362:
1354:
1305:
1299:
1293:
1287:
1281:
1276:
1251:
1230:
1229:
1228:I see, then
1216:JacktheBrown
1174:
1158:
1157:
1155:
1136:
1125:JacktheBrown
1120:
1100:
1089:
1063:WP:BARTENDER
1043:MOS:PEOPLANG
1022:
1009:
1002:
978:JacktheBrown
938:JacktheBrown
908:
903:
899:
895:
891:
887:
883:
880:
837:
820:Good article
819:
802:
797:May 14, 2008
784:
783:
764:
724:
722:
718:please do so
706:
705:
701:
663:
644:
598:
584:Meta-tasks:
570:
549:
509:
460:
424:
359:
319:
254:
218:
212:
147:
107:
51:WikiProjects
4575:SMcCandlish
4556:Pieds-noirs
4408:Pieds-noirs
4294:WP:RACECAPS
4282:WP:RACECAPS
4278:WP:RACECAPS
4196:SMcCandlish
4161:Pieds-noirs
4133:MOS:BOLDSYN
4125:Pieds-noirs
3931:BarrelProof
3854:BarrelProof
3824:BarrelProof
3809:BarrelProof
3625:Joeystanley
3424:Johndburger
3308:Visioncurve
2828:is styled.
2732:SMcCandlish
2651:Pieds-noirs
2482:BarrelProof
2442:BarrelProof
2306:helpfully "
2200:Pieds-Noirs
1837:BarrelProof
1686:BarrelProof
1646:BarrelProof
1492:pieds noirs
1379:BarrelProof
1324:BarrelProof
1310:BarrelProof
1264:Han Chinese
1238:BarrelProof
1232:Pieds-noirs
1198:BarrelProof
1183:BarrelProof
1177:(Note also
1047:WP:RACECAPS
1039:most common
1025:Pieds-noirs
1015:move review
804:Peer review
766:Peer review
702:Pieds-noirs
4872:Categories
4607:absolutely
4568:Pieds-noir
4564:Pied-noirs
4482:WP:SOFIXIT
4384:Manicheans
4315:MOS:HYPHEN
4217:Necrothesp
4185:WP:P&G
4165:Melungeons
3911:Blitz Kids
3468:Anypodetos
3414:Warrenáááá
3328:Shayakraut
3199:There are
2750:Ă la carte
2575:Riad Salih
2383:Riad Salih
1893:Wiktionary
1552:R Prazeres
1516:R Prazeres
1444:R_Prazeres
1268:Sama-Bajau
1160:Pied-noirs
712:under the
587:Place the
4702:pied-noir
4560:Pied-noir
4376:Coloureds
4360:Corsicans
4331:loan word
4265:WP:NCCAPS
4261:WP:PLURAL
4169:Coloureds
4129:Pied-noir
4121:Melungeon
4024:, yanno.
3766:BADGERING
3645:Snow Rise
3476:Elizium23
3472:GPHemsley
3376:Geoking66
3304:Warrenmck
3169:Pied-noir
3156:Pied-noir
2926:Pied-noir
2922:Pied-noir
2824:voir dire
2724:Blackfoot
2379:indicates
2316:precisely
2308:explained
2303:yesterday
1718:pied noir
1700:Pied-Noir
1664:Pied-Noir
1660:Pied-Noir
1612:Pied-Noir
1580:Pied-Noir
1202:yes, see
1167:Americans
1096:Pied-noir
1091:Pied-Noir
1023:moved to
996:Lowercase
850:Archive 1
597:template
4842:Proposal
4829:Elinruby
4811:France.
4772:Elinruby
4752:Elinruby
4730:Elinruby
4680:Elinruby
4641:Elinruby
4536:Elinruby
4522:Dicklyon
4501:Dicklyon
4486:Dicklyon
4420:Mathglot
4269:MOS:CAPS
4239:Elinruby
4181:MOS:CAPS
4066:Elinruby
4026:Elinruby
4006:M.Bitton
3968:Elinruby
3897:M.Bitton
3883:Elinruby
3869:Elinruby
3752:Elinruby
3677:Elinruby
3662:Elinruby
3649:Mcmisher
3630:Elinruby
3616:0x0077BE
3567:Elinruby
3553:Elinruby
3531:Elinruby
3517:Elinruby
3485:Elinruby
3449:Elinruby
3444:Mahagaja
3381:Elinruby
3349:Elinruby
3340:LingLass
3313:Elinruby
3279:Elinruby
3219:Mathglot
3105:Elinruby
3091:M.Bitton
3077:Elinruby
3061:M.Bitton
3044:Elinruby
3027:M.Bitton
3013:Elinruby
2995:M.Bitton
2978:Elinruby
2904:Dicklyon
2890:M.Bitton
2876:Dicklyon
2861:M.Bitton
2818:Comment.
2804:Dicklyon
2754:M.Bitton
2687:Dicklyon
2673:M.Bitton
2659:Dicklyon
2637:M.Bitton
2620:M.Bitton
2605:Dicklyon
2587:M.Bitton
2579:M.Bitton
2561:Dicklyon
2553:MOS:CAPS
2539:M.Bitton
2515:Dicklyon
2500:M.Bitton
2456:M.Bitton
2420:M.Bitton
2403:Dicklyon
2365:Dicklyon
2350:M.Bitton
2334:Elinruby
2319:entity".
2269:Elinruby
2250:Dicklyon
2176:Elinruby
2141:M.Bitton
2127:Elinruby
2033:Elinruby
1991:Elinruby
1977:Elinruby
1958:M.Bitton
1938:Elinruby
1928:becomes
1822:M.Bitton
1772:Elinruby
1723:Dicklyon
1704:M.Bitton
1668:M.Bitton
1634:Sihasapa
1616:M.Bitton
1584:M.Bitton
1537:M.Bitton
1452:Elinruby
1448:M.Bitton
1431:Elinruby
1394:M.Bitton
1338:M.Bitton
1260:Mandinka
1142:Elinruby
1082:contribs
972:Elinruby
957:Elinruby
928:Elinruby
912:Elinruby
904:africain
896:algérien
888:français
838:Archives
809:Reviewed
771:Reviewed
726:reassess
431:European
41:GA-class
4461:Problem
4433:Support
4400:Ohioans
4213:Neutral
4191:oirs".
4123:), use
3697:editor
3655:, and
3653:Phinumu
3614:, and
3608:Mattghg
3592:Codrinb
3539:Irtapil
3512:Irtapil
3510:, and
3478:, and
3442:, and
3436:Bignole
3397:Waikiki
3374:, and
3342:, and
3306:, and
3217:to it?
3207:Fooians
3151:Support
2856:Comment
2242:Support
1632:or the
1365:". The
1359:Collins
1357:", and
1301:Carioca
1295:Hoosier
900:chinois
749:Process
580:tasks:
552:on the
463:on the
362:on the
335:History
326:History
282:History
257:on the
230:Algeria
220:Algeria
175:Algeria
150:on the
4711:Buistr
4443:(talk)
4416:ngrams
4392:Arians
4356:people
4296:. The
4082:. HAND
3748:please
3699:Warren
3604:Fluous
3480:Ffbond
3440:Rjanag
3432:Ihcoyc
3344:BeKowz
3296:Aamri2
3215:people
3171:people
2480:. ââ ââ
2288:issue.
1770:group.
1684:? ââ ââ
1644:. ââ ââ
1642:Malbec
1426:WP:MOS
1361:says "
1353:says "
1283:beaner
1256:Romani
1236:. ââ ââ
1165:(like
790:Listed
752:Result
436:Europe
387:Europe
123:France
114:France
70:France
47:scale.
4286:white
4022:title
3401:WP:RS
3364:Nohat
1504:and
1371:Times
1306:terms
1277:hunky
1171:Kurds
1103:(see
1045:(aka
892:russe
884:never
4860:talk
4833:talk
4817:talk
4797:talk
4776:talk
4756:talk
4734:talk
4715:talk
4690:talk
4668:talk
4645:talk
4540:talk
4526:talk
4512:talk
4490:talk
4472:talk
4438:Tony
4424:talk
4343:talk
4319:need
4273:only
4243:talk
4221:talk
4070:talk
4030:talk
4010:talk
3972:talk
3935:talk
3901:talk
3887:talk
3873:talk
3858:talk
3813:talk
3803:per
3756:talk
3705:eBay
3681:talk
3666:talk
3634:talk
3571:talk
3557:talk
3543:talk
3521:talk
3489:talk
3453:talk
3385:talk
3353:talk
3317:talk
3283:talk
3223:talk
3109:talk
3095:talk
3081:talk
3065:talk
3048:talk
3031:talk
3017:talk
2999:talk
2982:talk
2908:talk
2894:talk
2880:talk
2865:talk
2808:talk
2783:talk
2758:talk
2691:talk
2677:talk
2663:talk
2641:talk
2624:talk
2609:talk
2591:talk
2583:talk
2565:talk
2543:talk
2519:talk
2504:talk
2486:talk
2476:and
2470:Noir
2460:talk
2446:talk
2436:But
2424:talk
2407:talk
2399:here
2387:talk
2369:talk
2354:talk
2338:talk
2273:talk
2254:talk
2180:talk
2131:talk
2037:talk
1995:talk
1981:talk
1962:talk
1942:talk
1932:and
1909:name
1897:Aeon
1841:talk
1835:ââ ââ
1826:talk
1776:talk
1727:talk
1708:talk
1690:talk
1672:talk
1650:talk
1620:talk
1602:talk
1588:talk
1556:talk
1541:talk
1520:talk
1509:this
1456:talk
1435:talk
1398:talk
1383:talk
1342:talk
1328:talk
1314:talk
1298:and
1289:gook
1242:talk
1220:talk
1210:and
1187:talk
1169:and
1146:talk
1129:talk
1115:and
1078:talk
982:talk
961:talk
942:talk
932:see
916:talk
746:Date
640:Iyer
249:High
142:High
4854:).
4584:đŒ
4418:).
4302:pom
4290:pom
4288:or
4205:đŒ
4098:ed.
3839:ed.
3784:ed.
3734:ed.
3596:LWG
3464:Men
3428:JWB
3256:ed.
3187:ed.
2941:ed.
2841:ed.
2752:)?
2741:đŒ
2599:1)
2557:not
2217:ed.
2156:ed.
2109:ed.
2062:ed.
2017:ed.
1973:any
1578:Is
1446:or
1270:or
1119:).
668:or
544:Low
455:Low
354:Low
4874::
4862:)
4835:)
4819:)
4799:)
4791:.
4778:)
4758:)
4736:)
4717:)
4692:)
4670:)
4647:)
4572:â
4542:)
4528:)
4514:)
4492:)
4484:.
4474:)
4426:)
4410:â¶
4402:â¶
4394:â¶
4386:â¶
4382:;
4378:â¶
4374:;
4370:â¶
4366:;
4362:â¶
4345:)
4245:)
4223:)
4193:â
4137:if
4095:,
4072:)
4032:)
4012:)
3974:)
3937:)
3917:/
3903:)
3889:)
3875:)
3860:)
3836:,
3815:)
3781:,
3758:)
3731:,
3721:.
3715:}}
3709:{{
3695:To
3683:)
3668:)
3651:,
3647:,
3636:)
3610:,
3606:,
3602:,
3598:,
3594:,
3573:)
3559:)
3545:)
3523:)
3506:,
3502:,
3491:)
3474:,
3470:,
3466:,
3455:)
3438:,
3434:,
3430:,
3426:,
3387:)
3370:,
3366:,
3355:)
3338:,
3334:,
3330:,
3319:)
3302:,
3298:,
3285:)
3253:,
3243:.
3225:)
3184:,
3174:.
3111:)
3097:)
3083:)
3067:)
3050:)
3033:)
3019:)
3001:)
2984:)
2938:,
2910:)
2896:)
2882:)
2867:)
2838:,
2810:)
2798:,
2785:)
2777:.
2760:)
2729:â
2693:)
2679:)
2665:)
2643:)
2626:)
2611:)
2593:)
2585:)
2567:)
2545:)
2521:)
2506:)
2498:.
2488:)
2462:)
2448:)
2426:)
2409:)
2389:)
2371:)
2356:)
2340:)
2310:"
2275:)
2256:)
2214:,
2182:)
2153:,
2133:)
2106:,
2059:,
2039:)
2027:o
2014:,
1997:)
1983:)
1964:)
1948:t
1944:)
1891:,
1887:,
1843:)
1828:)
1778:)
1729:)
1710:)
1702:.
1692:)
1674:)
1666:.
1652:)
1622:)
1614:?
1604:)
1590:)
1558:)
1543:)
1522:)
1494:).
1484:")
1471:).
1458:)
1437:)
1400:)
1385:)
1344:)
1330:)
1316:)
1286:,
1280:,
1266:,
1262:,
1258:,
1244:)
1222:)
1206:,
1189:)
1148:)
1131:)
1111:,
1107:,
1099:â
1093:â
1084:)
1080:âą
1007:.
984:)
963:)
944:)
936:.
918:)
902:,
898:,
894:,
890:,
729:it
720:.
672:.
595:}}
589:{{
4858:(
4831:(
4815:(
4795:(
4774:(
4754:(
4732:(
4713:(
4688:(
4682::
4678:@
4666:(
4643:(
4582:Âą
4579:â
4538:(
4524:(
4510:(
4503::
4499:@
4488:(
4470:(
4422:(
4341:(
4241:(
4219:(
4203:Âą
4200:â
4189:N
4177:s
4173:s
4152:s
4148:s
4084:!
4068:(
4028:(
4008:(
3970:(
3941:'
3933:(
3899:(
3885:(
3871:(
3856:(
3811:(
3800:'
3770:!
3754:(
3701::
3679:(
3664:(
3659::
3643:@
3632:(
3627::
3623:@
3618::
3590:@
3569:(
3555:(
3541:(
3529:@
3519:(
3514::
3498:@
3487:(
3482::
3462:@
3451:(
3446::
3422:@
3383:(
3378::
3362:@
3351:(
3346::
3326:@
3315:(
3310::
3294:@
3281:(
3221:(
3107:(
3093:(
3079:(
3063:(
3046:(
3029:(
3015:(
2997:(
2980:(
2906:(
2892:(
2878:(
2863:(
2806:(
2781:(
2756:(
2739:Âą
2736:â
2720:'
2689:(
2675:(
2661:(
2639:(
2622:(
2607:(
2589:(
2581:(
2563:(
2541:(
2517:(
2502:(
2484:(
2458:(
2444:(
2422:(
2405:(
2385:(
2367:(
2352:(
2336:(
2271:(
2252:(
2178:(
2129:(
2035:(
1993:(
1979:(
1960:(
1940:(
1911:.
1899:.
1874:.
1839:(
1824:(
1774:(
1725:(
1706:(
1688:(
1670:(
1648:(
1618:(
1600:(
1586:(
1554:(
1539:(
1518:(
1454:(
1433:(
1396:(
1381:(
1340:(
1326:(
1312:(
1240:(
1218:(
1200::
1196:@
1185:(
1175:?
1173:)
1144:(
1127:(
1076:(
1071:)
1067:(
1027:.
980:(
974::
970:@
959:(
940:(
930::
926:@
914:(
731:.
556:.
467:.
366:.
261:.
227:.
154:.
53::
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.