1187:
represents phase. What is not at all clear to me is whether the domain also includes numbers that are not pure imaginary, and if so what they represent. Everywhere I go I see the formula s = σ + j*ω, without explanation. It seemed to me that σ represents phase-shift in the domain. I expected that when I used a complex number σ + j*ω with a non-zero σ as input to a transfer function, the amplitude output would be unchanged and the phase output would differ from the output for j*ω by σ. Not the case. If I make σ much different from 0, I get nonsense results. Test cases are formulae for audio crossovers and closed box loudspeaker systems whose responses are well-known to me. I know that a loudspeaker's frequency response in SPL does not depend on the phase of the signal.
315:
888:
the same thing but so closely related that they are often used interchangably. but there is no "frequency response" for nonlinear systems. not without fudging the concept. it does not make sense since a nonlinear system creates frequencies that did not go in to the input. what is the gain at those frequencies? please, let's not crap this up. let's do articles about nonlinear stuff (Volterra series would be a good one), but let's not add issues regarding nonlinearities to what is, in the discipline, a linear time-invariant system concept.
74:
53:
2041:
better things to do than argue the finer points of MOS:NOPIPE? At the very least, you could apologise for undoing the entirety of my edit when it turns out, after much discussion, that only one of the five changes I made were erroneous. In short, you made a mistake that wasted my time, due to either a lack of understanding of MOS:NOPIPE, or a lack of interest in applying it. Please show some respect for the time and skill of people other than yourself.
150:
835:" was what you used when referring to a nonlinear kind of thing, like input current to output current of a BJT. But now that I look into it, "transfer function" is a term that applies to both. Just like we don't use j for the imaginary number on wikipedia, we also shouldn't limit our definitions to the type used in electronics courses. Non-linear electronics, optical transfer functions, and whatever else there is should be covered. -
84:
305:
284:
176:
22:
207:
197:
410:
389:
1872:, for example, ..." doesn't seem very good. The main problem is that an "optical transfer function" is in no way analogous to an "optical imaging device". My previous sentence wasn't satisfactory to you, but I'd content that it was still a marked improvement to its current state. What would you think is the best phrasing to use?
2045:
work out the best order in which to explain them, assemble them grammatically, etc, and explain how they relate to each other. I certainly value your knowledge on the topic, and I'd appreciate your consideration of the fact that there is some skill required to write things in a cogent manner conducive to learning.
2183:
It s not absolutely incorrect to re-use the letter i (it was a bound variable in the earlier formula). But it is analagous to writing "Consider \sum_{i=1}^5 i^2. Let i denote the value of that sum. An equation like "let i = \sum_{i=1}^5 i^2" is not *wrong* because i is bound on the right side. But
1918:
Frankly, the whole article is a mess. The lead is far from a summary of the actual contents of the article. It seems more concerned with making a point about optics than addressing anything actually in the body of the article. And the body of the article is going to be pretty hard going for anyone
1186:
includes pure imaginary numbers s = j*ω, where ω is a frequency expressed in radians per unit-time (seconds). It is also clear that the range of a transfer function consists of complex numbers whose modulus (aka absolute value, aka L2 norm) represents amplitude or gain, and whose argument (aka angle)
1174:
There is a lot of great info in this article, but for a tyro (and I speak from experience), there's a great big brick wall right at the beginning. What the heck does "s" represent and what is its form? I have read half a dozen Wiki articles and others from around the web, and bought two text books.
887:
in wikipedia. physics and math articles will have i most of the time but electrical engineering ones will have j most of the time. just like there is english english and american english. above you pointed out the relationship of "transfer function" to "frequency response" and they are not exactly
2190:
In reverting my edit the editor seemed to comment that i should be the indexing subscript for the poles here. There is some vague sense that that could be meaningful in the sense that "now we've chosen to analyze the special case when there is only one pole, let's pretend it is the i'th pole of what
1922:
Anyway, back to the specific issue, my initial take was that link the was provided simply because it provided a list of optical imaging devices. Agreed, it is a bit of an Esater Egg, but what was really needed was to find a better link (I looked, but didn't find one) rather than make any changes to
2179:
This \omega did need to be decorated by the original author to indicate that it is a particular constant being newly defined in this line. (In other words, a different letter like \tau could be used). The original author decided to do this by applying the subscript i, writing e^{j\omega_i t}. This
2081:
links are probably right. (I often enough don't agree.) One that I think could use some work is the optics section. Optics most often deals with intensity (square of the absolute value of the amplitude), while the rest of the article is in terms of amplitude. I believe that this difference should
2044:
Anyway, with that out of the way, what I'm suggesting is that we work on getting just the lead section right. And, no, I won't need you to hold my hand. What I'm suggesting you do is take ten minutes to make a bullet list, here on the talk page, that includes each key point of the topic. I can then
2040:
You're coming across as very arrogant and dismissive. You suggest that people like you have more important things to do than work on petty stuff like this; presumably leaving you with only enough time to undo the edits of other users, thus wasting their time instead. Did it occur to you that I have
1971:
Incedentally, I read somewhere that 90% of the time, people read only the lead of the article they access. As a result, I generally concern myself with getting lead sections in order, and making sure they touch on every key topic. If you want to give me a bullet list of what really matters, I could
1967:
Yep, I like it. I'll splice it in. I agree with you about the article, and the lead too. I read it three times trying to get a handle on the topic, and gave up unenlightened, and unable to improve the content. The one thing I did try and remedy, though, was the tangled snarl of hidden links (we all
2239:
The first section of the article makes use of the
Laplace transform. I recognize the difficulty in introducing a complicated subject like this, but I wish it could be more accessible to a novice. And by "novice" I include people with advanced degrees in physics who may know Fourier theory but just
692:
if you're saying that there should be some treatment of non-linear transfer characteristics of non-linear systems in the article, i strongly disagree. to maybe accentuate the difference between LTI transfer functions and this non-linear stuff, maybe that's okay. but let's not "crap this up" with
1190:
So my question, which I think this Wiki page should clarify, is what specifically is the domain of a transfer function? Does it include only numbers of the form s = j*ω? If it includes numbers of the form s = σ + j*ω for non-zero σ, what do the those inputs and the associated responses represent?
2175:
Here is the justification for the change. The subscript i just earlier actually refers to the i'th pole, and the letter i is the indexing subscript. Here we are starting out with an arbitrary sinusoidal input of amplitude 1 and fixed phase, with frequency f=2\pi\omega, and the function is e^{j
1240:
The introductory paragraph is hard for non-specialists to understand. Looking at the article's history someone has tried to improve it by appending a plainly worded sentence. I suggest the following be considered. Of course, the rest of the article can continue with technical details but the
1007:
I was looking for a discussion of Mason's Gain theorem, commonly used in circuit theory and control theory to quickly calculate transfer functions of complicated networks from their signal flow graphs, and was surprised to find that
Knowledge does not have an article on it. It seems that the
972:
Just to let you guys know most transfer functions of non-linear components can be converted using the small signal model. Unfortunately, that article skims over the fact that anything (Not just electronics) can be converted. I have books that describe this if you would like more information.
1780:
is not a hard rule that says don't use pipes. Sometimes that is the best solution. Sometimes creating a redirect solves the problem. Changing the article text to "fix" the pipe is usually the worst thing to do. On technical articles you should take especial care when doing that.
2023:
had no understanding. I was advising you not to edit a highly technical article you don't understand. I'm not particularly keen on working on this article, I have other priorities on
Knowledge, and holding someone elses hand is likely to be harder work than doing the job myself.
2162:
The
Laplace transform of a general sinusoid of unit amplitude will be {\displaystyle {\frac {1}{s-j\omega _{i}}}}. The Laplace transform of the output will be {\displaystyle {\frac {H(s)}{(s-j\omega _{0})}}} and the temporal output will be the inverse Laplace transform of that
1746:
I spent 15 minutes wading through the questionable grammar of the lead section trying to fix the links, in order to satisfy your concerns. Given the respect I showed you, how about you have some thought for my effort before reverting my edits wholesale?
807:
i'm not saying that the usage isn't there, but it is not what we mean in the electrical engineering discipline. "transfer function" is an LTI concept almost all of the time and it changes the lexicon and confuses others to confuse the two concepts.
827:
Those were in quotes. Try them yourself. "nonlinear transfer function" is used roughly equally to "linear transfer function". Yes, I would expect that "transfer function" would come up a lot more times than either of the phrases that contain
2216:
Well, either way it ended up where it should in ....in talk. This involves some pretty abstract details....variable naming.....which I think is going to limit participation. But, without totally following it, the above argument sounds good.
2200:
This was immediately reverted with the comment that the i is correctly used as an indexing subscript for the poles in this instance. I feel somewhat surprised that my edit was immediately reverted without anyone contacting me to ask about
739:
common use of the term "transfer function" to apply it to non-linear systems. that's why i believe that adding that variation of meaning to the wiki article only contributes to the lack of clarity of definition. it does not add clarity.
2100:, it seems to me that there should be a distinction between links to a different form of the same term, vs. a different, often more general, form of the term. One might, for example, want an adjective when the link is to the noun.
2240:
never happened to learn
Laplace theory. At least we do refer the reader to the Laplace Transform article. Is there any way to add enough background here that the reader can at least know what to make of this mysterious variable
1775:
That one is fine. My objection is to the numerous places you have changed the article text. Of course, an improvement to the text would be good, but in most cases you have made it either more obscure or downright wrong.
1728:
in order to avoid pipes. You should not change the visible article text unless you can actually improve it. It is not acceptable to make the text less intelligible. Poor piped links are better than poor prose.
2180:
occurrence of the subscript i is unfortunate since the same letter is in fact used as a subscript elsewhere in the unrelated context. Namely, i is the indexing subscript for the poles of the transfer function.
992:
It would help if common LTI transfer functions (integrator,first order lag, second order lag, lead/lag) were listed here, as they are frequently needed for control system descriptions (e.g. autopilots, etc.).
2004:
Ah, sorry. I didn't realize that you had no real understanding of this topic either. Do you know if there are any users who are experts in this topic who can put together a bullet list like I mentioned?
596:
I never thought of transfer functions only being for LTI systems. Google turns up quite a few hits for "nonlinear transfer function", so I don't think it's just me who includes non-LTI systems. --
2150:
In more detail, first I expanded this explanation very slightly to actually give a definition of what was then (and now is after my edit was reverted) named \omega_i, so that the line should read:
569:, transistor quiescent points, tape saturation, etc. A relation tying input voltage to output voltage. But now I'm thinking "aren't they the same thing?" I know that some people refer to my
2278:
2255:
is a complex number with the units of angular frequency. Assuming a signal has the time dependence V(s)exp(st), the filter described by H(s) will transform the signal to H(s)V(s)exp(st)."
1569:
769:
2345:
654:
about that. i would suggest asking questions about stuff like this at the USENET newsgroup, comp.dsp . i don't think that wiki talk pages is the best place you could go for that.
1602:
1363:
885:
759:
1694:
1512:
1448:
499:
as the notation for the imaginary unit. Which is correct depends on the field being discussed. Transfer functions are generally an engineering field (contrast with
1631:
1392:
1300:
1271:
2104:
seems mainly concerning the case where there is a redirect, and one should use that. If there isn't, and it isn't worth making one, then the pipe should be fine.
1008:
Transfer
Function page is the most appropriate place to put it. If no one is already thinking of adding it, I will put in a paragraph on it in the next few days.
1923:
the visible text. However, on looking more closely, there is a stronger connection than that and this might work: "For optical imaging devices, for example, the
2355:
460:
450:
371:
764:
266:
1972:
spend some time ordering it in a sequence conducive to learning, and fix the lead. It'd be nice to do something of more substance than removing easter eggs.
2325:
2310:
256:
158:
2350:
2172:
Thus the total edit was a few words explaining what \omega actually is, and to change \omega_i to \omega_0 both there and in the subsequent paragraph.
2330:
607:
I've been using the phrase "locally linear" for signals that have otherwise LTI processes applied to them but with differing amounts over time (like
2340:
2320:
2305:
361:
140:
130:
426:
774:
233:
956:
314:
2335:
2315:
2300:
1120:
2154:
A general sinusoidal input to a system of frequency {\displaystyle 2\pi \omega _{0}} may be written {\displaystyle \exp(j\omega _{0}t)}.
2187:
It is better to write the arbitrary input function by saying if the frequency is 2 \pi \omega_0 the input function is e^{j \omega_0 t}.
2194:
But that is like saying, when we're considering the i'th pole, that the function of multiplying by 3 is defined by x_i \mapsto 3x_i.
417:
394:
337:
2282:
229:
220:
181:
650:
for LTI systems. general input/output transfer characteristic for linear or non-linear systems is another topic. try looking up
2158:
Then instead of writing the frequency of the general sinusoidal input as 2\pi \omega_i, I substituted 0 for i, so it would read:
2147:
I edited this section to change the symbol which denotes the angular frequency of the arbitrary input from \omega_i to \omega_0.
2168:{\displaystyle g(t)={\frac {e^{j\,\omega _{0}\,t}-e^{(\sigma _{P}+j\,\omega _{P})t}}{-\sigma _{P}+j(\omega _{0}-\omega _{P})}}}
934:
encyclopedia, i can only rely on persuasion and popular concensus to resolve these things in the way i think they should be.)
328:
289:
97:
58:
1802:
1637:
is defined on the complex plane. If it is restriced to the imaginary axis then the transform is the
Fourier transform.
33:
228:
on
Knowledge. If you would like to participate, you can choose to edit the article attached to this page, or visit the
1851:
That's odd. It should have been, but it wasn't (it's fixed now). Progress! Now, here's the last one I'm interested in:
2197:
Again, not wrong, but it would be impossible for someone to understand it without knowing the author's intentions.
1805:(LTI) system with zero initial conditions ...": How does that make the lead either more obscure or downright wrong?
712:
If the phrase "transfer function" is used for both, then we cover both. If so, we can move the linear stuff to the
1924:
1869:
515:
2065:
1517:
1124:
779:
And the "linear" results find articles with "non-linear" as well, so it's roughly the same amount for each. -
21:
1092:
I added redirects for "Mason's theorem" and "Mason's gain theorem" so there shouldn't be a problem any more.
2206:
2030:
1994:
1937:
1829:
1787:
1735:
908:
832:
608:
1113:
The term "transfer function" is also used in Game theory, maybe a disambiguation pointer should be added.
588:, but they are both variations of the same thing. is this right? should we have two separate sections? -
2052:
2010:
1979:
1893:
1810:
1765:
89:
1365:. However the relationship between output and input is usually considered to be linear with respect to
1200:
1033:
578:
39:
1751:
1574:
978:
525:
Ditto (someone had put "(digital)" back without explanation). BTW, shouldn't this page be merged with
500:
2191:
we started looking at, and now let's decorate every new variable we introduce with the subscript i."
1244:
Transfer functions are used (mostly by engineers) to relate an output signal to an input signal. If
1116:
950:
1696:
is not correct, which points out a glaring omission. The main body of the article does not mention
2224:
1701:
1309:
861:
1643:
1461:
1397:
1241:
beginning should be written for those who just want to get to the nut of the idea. So here goes:
770:
Results 1 - 10 of about 5,820 for "nonlinear transfer function" OR "non-linear transfer function".
557:, which is related to the frequency response of a linear, time-invariant system, and there is the
425:
on
Knowledge. If you would like to participate, please visit the project page, where you can join
336:
on
Knowledge. If you would like to participate, please visit the project page, where you can join
2263:
2202:
2025:
1989:
1932:
1824:
1782:
1730:
1074:
1037:
994:
974:
526:
491:
is the imaginary unit in general mathematical notation, but not in electrical engineering, where
212:
673:
I'm asking because it should be included in the article. When I find out myself I'll add it. -
1057:
2277:
is is too much to ask for engineers to get even the most basic mathematical terminology right?
2048:
2006:
1975:
1928:
1889:
1806:
1761:
1214:
1157:
713:
631:
627:
530:
1450:. In many fields, such as communications, one usually works in the frequency domain so that
1196:
1149:
1019:
go fer it! i never heard of Mason's Gain Theorem and would be happy for an article on it.
1709:
1012:
651:
537:
I think they should stay separate. They are certainly related, but not the same thing. -
149:
106:
1607:
1368:
1276:
1247:
73:
52:
2109:
2087:
1226:
1136:
964:
912:
836:
780:
717:
674:
612:
589:
538:
504:
320:
2294:
2259:
2075:
1054:
232:, where you can join the project and see a list of open tasks. Leave messages at the
1221:
does indeed correspond to pure complex sinusoids, i.e. the Fourier transform. The
1153:
422:
1273:
represents the time-dependent input signal then the corresponding output signal,
760:
Results 1 - 10 of about 154,000 for nonlinear OR non-linear "transfer function".
1697:
1302:
will be related (in the most general manner) to the input signal via a function
635:
483:
304:
283:
225:
693:
something much bigger than it is. another cliche is "opening a can of worms".
495:
is already taken for denoting current. Hence electrical engineers tend to use
206:
196:
175:
2101:
2097:
1777:
1705:
597:
566:
519:
310:
202:
79:
1135:
If there's an appropriate article to link to, then that may be appropriate.
2105:
2083:
1755:
1009:
831:
Like I said, I originally thought transfer function only meant linear, and "
2286:
2267:
2228:
2210:
2113:
2091:
2056:
2035:
2014:
1999:
1988:
I wouldn't advise that unless you have some understanding of the material.
1983:
1942:
1897:
1834:
1814:
1792:
1769:
1740:
1713:
1229:
1204:
1161:
1139:
1128:
1096:
1077:
1060:
1040:
1023:
997:
982:
967:
626:"transfer function" in the context of this article, means the ratio of the
2061:
Reading through the page, I am pretty happy with it. I do agree that the
1093:
1020:
935:
889:
809:
741:
694:
655:
562:
409:
388:
333:
224:, an attempt to provide a standard approach to writing articles about
102:
1758:
models" constitute "mangling the article"? Why did you revert that?
2273:" In its simplest form, this function is a two-dimensional graph"
1073:
So its actually Masons Rule! AHHH! We dont need a new page then--
911:
article and include a disambig notice at the top of each page? -
1458:
are replaced by their Laplace transforms and we have instead,
1036:
either, so it would be interesting to see what its about! 8-)--
957:"non-linear transfer function" OR "nonlinear transfer function"
801:
Results 1 - 10 of about 3,820 for "nonlinear transfer function"
765:
Results 1 - 10 of about 318,000 for linear "transfer function".
546:
15:
1750:
For example, how does the change from "inputs and outputs of
775:
Results 1 - 10 of about 9,960 for "linear transfer function".
2244:? I think it would help to include some mention of the exp(
1580:
1538:
148:
1801:
That's a valid concern. But then what's wrong with: "... a
1724:{{ping:InternetMeme}] You are not improving the article by
1604:
is the Laplace transform. (A similar definition applies to
2248:) while stopping short of the full theory. For example,
561:, which is related to things like non-linear amplifiers,
518:- transfer functions are continuous as well as digital!
482:
How about a few examples for transfer functions please?
1820:
1725:
804:
Results 1 - 10 of about 720,000 for "transfer function"
1182:
clear (finally, at long last) is that the domain of a
798:
common fallacy. put it in quotes so you have context.
1646:
1610:
1577:
1520:
1464:
1400:
1371:
1312:
1279:
1250:
864:
421:, a collaborative effort to improve the coverage of
332:, a collaborative effort to improve the coverage of
716:page or something if we need to for some reason. -
1688:
1625:
1596:
1563:
1506:
1442:
1386:
1357:
1294:
1265:
879:
553:So the way I've always thought of it, there is a
2346:Start-Class physics articles of Mid-importance
1213:is the complex-frequency domain, given by the
2235:Suggest some background on the Laplace domain
8:
101:, which collaborates on articles related to
19:
580:More accurately, you could divide it into
383:
278:
170:
47:
1645:
1609:
1579:
1578:
1576:
1564:{\displaystyle X(s)={\mathcal {L}}(x(t))}
1537:
1536:
1519:
1463:
1399:
1370:
1311:
1278:
1249:
930:if you want, it's fine by me. (it ain't
865:
863:
385:
280:
172:
49:
2140:Gain, transient behavior and stability
642:to the Laplace transform of the input
2279:2A01:CB0C:CD:D800:A09D:2552:BEC9:53AA
1919:who does not already know this stuff.
7:
2356:Low-importance neuroscience articles
415:This article is within the scope of
326:This article is within the scope of
157:This article is within the field of
95:This article is within the scope of
1225:denotes exponential decay/growth.
38:It is of interest to the following
2326:Mid-importance electronic articles
2311:Systems articles in control theory
435:Knowledge:WikiProject Neuroscience
14:
2351:Start-Class neuroscience articles
2258:Any better ideas? Leave it be?
1597:{\displaystyle {\mathcal {L}}(.)}
1148:This term appears in the article
438:Template:WikiProject Neuroscience
241:Knowledge:WikiProject Electronics
2331:WikiProject Electronics articles
408:
387:
313:
303:
282:
244:Template:WikiProject Electronics
205:
195:
174:
82:
72:
51:
20:
2341:Mid-importance physics articles
2321:Start-Class electronic articles
2306:Mid-importance Systems articles
455:This article has been rated as
366:This article has been rated as
261:This article has been rated as
135:This article has been rated as
2287:14:18, 21 September 2020 (UTC)
1683:
1677:
1671:
1665:
1656:
1650:
1620:
1614:
1591:
1585:
1558:
1555:
1549:
1543:
1530:
1524:
1501:
1495:
1489:
1483:
1474:
1468:
1437:
1431:
1425:
1419:
1410:
1404:
1381:
1375:
1358:{\displaystyle y(t)=h(x(t),t)}
1352:
1343:
1337:
1331:
1322:
1316:
1289:
1283:
1260:
1254:
1170:Transfer Functions for Dummies
880:{\displaystyle {\sqrt {-1}}\ }
1:
2229:12:57, 21 February 2018 (UTC)
2211:10:30, 21 February 2018 (UTC)
2114:15:16, 10 February 2017 (UTC)
2092:15:01, 10 February 2017 (UTC)
1821:what's already in the article
1689:{\displaystyle y(t)=h(t)x(t)}
1507:{\displaystyle Y(s)=H(s)X(s)}
1443:{\displaystyle y(t)=h(t)x(t)}
1230:12:12, 17 December 2010 (UTC)
1205:08:45, 17 December 2010 (UTC)
983:03:02, 17 November 2007 (UTC)
586:non-linear transfer functions
429:and see a list of open tasks.
346:Knowledge:WikiProject Physics
340:and see a list of open tasks.
115:Knowledge:WikiProject Systems
2336:Start-Class physics articles
2316:WikiProject Systems articles
2301:Start-Class Systems articles
2057:12:20, 8 February 2017 (UTC)
2036:14:37, 7 February 2017 (UTC)
2015:08:21, 7 February 2017 (UTC)
2000:20:07, 6 February 2017 (UTC)
1984:16:08, 6 February 2017 (UTC)
1943:14:25, 6 February 2017 (UTC)
1898:16:25, 3 February 2017 (UTC)
1835:18:34, 18 January 2017 (UTC)
1815:14:52, 18 January 2017 (UTC)
1793:14:31, 18 January 2017 (UTC)
1770:14:19, 18 January 2017 (UTC)
1754:" to "inputs and outputs of
1741:14:15, 18 January 2017 (UTC)
1002:
349:Template:WikiProject Physics
118:Template:WikiProject Systems
1097:17:28, 22 August 2006 (UTC)
1078:15:56, 22 August 2006 (UTC)
1061:11:11, 22 August 2006 (UTC)
1032:I have never heard of this
516:(digital) signal processing
2372:
1175:Still it is not clear.
1162:05:43, 25 April 2013 (UTC)
951:"linear transfer function"
638:) transform of the output
461:project's importance scale
372:project's importance scale
267:project's importance scale
141:project's importance scale
2268:16:22, 23 June 2020 (UTC)
1925:optical transfer function
1726:mangling the article text
1714:14:26, 9 April 2013 (UTC)
1140:23:33, 11 June 2008 (UTC)
1129:23:26, 11 June 2008 (UTC)
1041:13:34, 14 July 2006 (UTC)
1024:05:55, 14 July 2006 (UTC)
1013:15:22, 13 July 2006 (UTC)
968:19:42, 9 April 2007 (UTC)
946:Google Scholar searches:
915:19:56, Feb 26, 2005 (UTC)
839:23:54, Feb 10, 2005 (UTC)
783:17:48, Feb 10, 2005 (UTC)
592:16:18, Feb 7, 2005 (UTC)
582:linear transfer functions
533:03:25, 25 Mar 2004 (UTC)
510:Makes sense. --AxelBoldt
454:
403:
365:
298:
260:
190:
156:
134:
67:
46:
2184:it is not nice grammar.
998:19:27, 29 May 2006 (UTC)
938:01:13, 27 Feb 2005 (UTC)
892:02:55, 11 Feb 2005 (UTC)
812:22:11, 10 Feb 2005 (UTC)
744:17:11, 10 Feb 2005 (UTC)
720:21:56, Feb 9, 2005 (UTC)
677:21:36, Feb 8, 2005 (UTC)
615:19:01, Feb 8, 2005 (UTC)
541:16:18, Feb 7, 2005 (UTC)
418:WikiProject Neuroscience
218:This article is part of
1870:optical imaging devices
909:transfer characteristic
833:transfer characteristic
697:18:46, 9 Feb 2005 (UTC)
658:20:43, 8 Feb 2005 (UTC)
609:audio level compression
600:21:17, 7 Feb 2005 (UTC)
559:transfer characteristic
514:Removed "digital" from
221:WikiProject Electronics
1690:
1627:
1598:
1565:
1508:
1444:
1388:
1359:
1296:
1267:
1236:A Whimsical Definition
1109:Meaning in game theory
881:
153:
90:Systems science portal
28:This article is rated
1868:This sentence: "With
1803:linear time-invariant
1691:
1628:
1599:
1566:
1509:
1445:
1389:
1360:
1297:
1268:
988:Clearing Up Red Links
882:
611:). Is this valid? -
441:neuroscience articles
152:
1968:know how that went).
1644:
1626:{\displaystyle Y(s)}
1608:
1575:
1518:
1462:
1398:
1387:{\displaystyle x(t)}
1369:
1310:
1295:{\displaystyle y(t)}
1277:
1266:{\displaystyle x(t)}
1248:
1034:Mason's gain theorem
1003:Mason's Gain Theorem
862:
646:. this has meaning
1702:convolution theorem
329:WikiProject Physics
247:electronic articles
98:WikiProject Systems
1686:
1623:
1594:
1561:
1504:
1440:
1384:
1355:
1292:
1263:
877:
527:frequency response
213:Electronics portal
154:
34:content assessment
1929:Fourier transform
1633:.) The variable
1215:Laplace transform
1184:transfer function
1131:
1119:comment added by
876:
873:
714:LTI system theory
555:transfer function
475:
474:
471:
470:
467:
466:
382:
381:
378:
377:
277:
276:
273:
272:
234:project talk page
169:
168:
165:
164:
2363:
2082:be pointed out.
2080:
2074:
2070:
2064:
1752:black box models
1695:
1693:
1692:
1687:
1632:
1630:
1629:
1624:
1603:
1601:
1600:
1595:
1584:
1583:
1570:
1568:
1567:
1562:
1542:
1541:
1513:
1511:
1510:
1505:
1449:
1447:
1446:
1441:
1393:
1391:
1390:
1385:
1364:
1362:
1361:
1356:
1301:
1299:
1298:
1293:
1272:
1270:
1269:
1264:
1150:mechanism design
1114:
886:
884:
883:
878:
875:
874:
866:
501:Greens functions
443:
442:
439:
436:
433:
412:
405:
404:
399:
391:
384:
354:
353:
352:physics articles
350:
347:
344:
323:
318:
317:
307:
300:
299:
294:
286:
279:
249:
248:
245:
242:
239:
215:
210:
209:
199:
192:
191:
186:
178:
171:
123:
122:
121:Systems articles
119:
116:
113:
92:
87:
86:
85:
76:
69:
68:
63:
55:
48:
31:
25:
24:
16:
2371:
2370:
2366:
2365:
2364:
2362:
2361:
2360:
2291:
2290:
2275:
2237:
2142:
2078:
2072:
2068:
2066:citation needed
2062:
1819:Um, isn't that
1722:
1642:
1641:
1606:
1605:
1573:
1572:
1516:
1515:
1460:
1459:
1396:
1395:
1367:
1366:
1308:
1307:
1275:
1274:
1246:
1245:
1238:
1172:
1111:
1005:
990:
959:- 3,110 results
953:- 5,740 results
860:
859:
652:Volterra series
551:
480:
440:
437:
434:
431:
430:
397:
351:
348:
345:
342:
341:
319:
312:
292:
246:
243:
240:
237:
236:
211:
204:
184:
120:
117:
114:
111:
110:
107:systems science
88:
83:
81:
61:
32:on Knowledge's
29:
12:
11:
5:
2369:
2367:
2359:
2358:
2353:
2348:
2343:
2338:
2333:
2328:
2323:
2318:
2313:
2308:
2303:
2293:
2292:
2274:
2271:
2251:"The variable
2236:
2233:
2232:
2231:
2170:
2169:
2165:
2164:
2156:
2155:
2141:
2138:
2137:
2136:
2135:
2134:
2133:
2132:
2131:
2130:
2129:
2128:
2127:
2126:
2125:
2124:
2123:
2122:
2121:
2120:
2119:
2118:
2117:
2116:
2094:
2046:
2042:
1973:
1969:
1954:
1953:
1952:
1951:
1950:
1949:
1948:
1947:
1946:
1945:
1920:
1907:
1906:
1905:
1904:
1903:
1902:
1901:
1900:
1880:
1879:
1878:
1877:
1876:
1875:
1874:
1873:
1859:
1858:
1857:
1856:
1855:
1854:
1853:
1852:
1842:
1841:
1840:
1839:
1838:
1837:
1796:
1795:
1745:
1721:
1718:
1717:
1716:
1685:
1682:
1679:
1676:
1673:
1670:
1667:
1664:
1661:
1658:
1655:
1652:
1649:
1622:
1619:
1616:
1613:
1593:
1590:
1587:
1582:
1560:
1557:
1554:
1551:
1548:
1545:
1540:
1535:
1532:
1529:
1526:
1523:
1503:
1500:
1497:
1494:
1491:
1488:
1485:
1482:
1479:
1476:
1473:
1470:
1467:
1439:
1436:
1433:
1430:
1427:
1424:
1421:
1418:
1415:
1412:
1409:
1406:
1403:
1383:
1380:
1377:
1374:
1354:
1351:
1348:
1345:
1342:
1339:
1336:
1333:
1330:
1327:
1324:
1321:
1318:
1315:
1291:
1288:
1285:
1282:
1262:
1259:
1256:
1253:
1237:
1234:
1233:
1232:
1171:
1168:
1167:
1166:
1165:
1164:
1143:
1142:
1121:169.237.10.220
1110:
1107:
1106:
1105:
1104:
1103:
1102:
1101:
1100:
1099:
1083:
1082:
1081:
1080:
1068:
1067:
1066:
1065:
1064:
1063:
1046:
1045:
1044:
1043:
1027:
1026:
1004:
1001:
989:
986:
961:
960:
954:
944:
943:
942:
941:
940:
939:
923:
922:
921:
920:
919:
918:
917:
916:
898:
897:
896:
895:
894:
893:
872:
869:
847:
846:
845:
844:
843:
842:
841:
840:
829:
818:
817:
816:
815:
814:
813:
805:
802:
799:
791:
790:
789:
788:
787:
786:
785:
784:
777:
772:
767:
762:
750:
749:
748:
747:
746:
745:
728:
727:
726:
725:
724:
723:
722:
721:
703:
702:
701:
700:
699:
698:
685:
684:
683:
682:
681:
680:
679:
678:
664:
663:
662:
661:
660:
659:
619:
618:
617:
616:
602:
601:
571:characteristic
565:, distortion,
550:
544:
543:
542:
523:
512:
508:
479:
476:
473:
472:
469:
468:
465:
464:
457:Low-importance
453:
447:
446:
444:
427:the discussion
413:
401:
400:
398:Low‑importance
392:
380:
379:
376:
375:
368:Mid-importance
364:
358:
357:
355:
338:the discussion
325:
324:
321:Physics portal
308:
296:
295:
293:Mid‑importance
287:
275:
274:
271:
270:
263:Mid-importance
259:
253:
252:
250:
217:
216:
200:
188:
187:
185:Mid‑importance
179:
167:
166:
163:
162:
159:Control theory
155:
145:
144:
137:Mid-importance
133:
127:
126:
124:
94:
93:
77:
65:
64:
62:Mid‑importance
56:
44:
43:
37:
26:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2368:
2357:
2354:
2352:
2349:
2347:
2344:
2342:
2339:
2337:
2334:
2332:
2329:
2327:
2324:
2322:
2319:
2317:
2314:
2312:
2309:
2307:
2304:
2302:
2299:
2298:
2296:
2289:
2288:
2284:
2280:
2272:
2270:
2269:
2265:
2261:
2256:
2254:
2249:
2247:
2243:
2234:
2230:
2226:
2222:
2221:
2215:
2214:
2213:
2212:
2208:
2204:
2203:Createangelos
2198:
2195:
2192:
2188:
2185:
2181:
2177:
2173:
2167:
2166:
2161:
2160:
2159:
2153:
2152:
2151:
2148:
2145:
2139:
2115:
2111:
2107:
2103:
2099:
2095:
2093:
2089:
2085:
2077:
2067:
2060:
2059:
2058:
2054:
2050:
2047:
2043:
2039:
2038:
2037:
2034:
2033:
2029:
2028:
2022:
2019:I didn't say
2018:
2017:
2016:
2012:
2008:
2003:
2002:
2001:
1998:
1997:
1993:
1992:
1987:
1986:
1985:
1981:
1977:
1974:
1970:
1966:
1965:
1964:
1963:
1962:
1961:
1960:
1959:
1958:
1957:
1956:
1955:
1944:
1941:
1940:
1936:
1935:
1930:
1926:
1921:
1917:
1916:
1915:
1914:
1913:
1912:
1911:
1910:
1909:
1908:
1899:
1895:
1891:
1888:
1887:
1886:
1885:
1884:
1883:
1882:
1881:
1871:
1867:
1866:
1865:
1864:
1863:
1862:
1861:
1860:
1850:
1849:
1848:
1847:
1846:
1845:
1844:
1843:
1836:
1833:
1832:
1828:
1827:
1822:
1818:
1817:
1816:
1812:
1808:
1804:
1800:
1799:
1798:
1797:
1794:
1791:
1790:
1786:
1785:
1779:
1774:
1773:
1772:
1771:
1767:
1763:
1759:
1757:
1753:
1748:
1743:
1742:
1739:
1738:
1734:
1733:
1727:
1719:
1715:
1711:
1707:
1703:
1699:
1680:
1674:
1668:
1662:
1659:
1653:
1647:
1640:
1639:
1638:
1636:
1617:
1611:
1588:
1552:
1546:
1533:
1527:
1521:
1498:
1492:
1486:
1480:
1477:
1471:
1465:
1457:
1453:
1434:
1428:
1422:
1416:
1413:
1407:
1401:
1378:
1372:
1349:
1346:
1340:
1334:
1328:
1325:
1319:
1313:
1305:
1286:
1280:
1257:
1251:
1242:
1235:
1231:
1228:
1224:
1220:
1216:
1212:
1209:
1208:
1207:
1206:
1202:
1198:
1194:
1192:
1188:
1185:
1181:
1176:
1169:
1163:
1159:
1155:
1151:
1147:
1146:
1145:
1144:
1141:
1138:
1134:
1133:
1132:
1130:
1126:
1122:
1118:
1108:
1098:
1095:
1091:
1090:
1089:
1088:
1087:
1086:
1085:
1084:
1079:
1076:
1075:Light current
1072:
1071:
1070:
1069:
1062:
1059:
1056:
1052:
1051:
1050:
1049:
1048:
1047:
1042:
1039:
1038:Light current
1035:
1031:
1030:
1029:
1028:
1025:
1022:
1018:
1017:
1016:
1014:
1011:
1000:
999:
996:
995:Gordon Vigurs
987:
985:
984:
980:
976:
970:
969:
966:
958:
955:
952:
949:
948:
947:
937:
933:
929:
928:
927:
926:
925:
924:
914:
910:
906:
905:
904:
903:
902:
901:
900:
899:
891:
870:
867:
857:
853:
852:
851:
850:
849:
848:
838:
834:
830:
826:
825:
824:
823:
822:
821:
820:
819:
811:
806:
803:
800:
797:
796:
795:
794:
793:
792:
782:
778:
776:
773:
771:
768:
766:
763:
761:
758:
757:
756:
755:
754:
753:
752:
751:
743:
738:
734:
733:
732:
731:
730:
729:
719:
715:
711:
710:
709:
708:
707:
706:
705:
704:
696:
691:
690:
689:
688:
687:
686:
676:
672:
671:
670:
669:
668:
667:
666:
665:
657:
653:
649:
645:
641:
637:
633:
629:
625:
624:
623:
622:
621:
620:
614:
610:
606:
605:
604:
603:
599:
595:
594:
593:
591:
587:
583:
579:
576:
572:
568:
564:
560:
556:
549:systems only?
548:
545:
540:
536:
535:
534:
532:
528:
522:
521:
517:
511:
507:
506:
502:
498:
494:
490:
486:
485:
477:
462:
458:
452:
449:
448:
445:
428:
424:
420:
419:
414:
411:
407:
406:
402:
396:
393:
390:
386:
373:
369:
363:
360:
359:
356:
339:
335:
331:
330:
322:
316:
311:
309:
306:
302:
301:
297:
291:
288:
285:
281:
268:
264:
258:
255:
254:
251:
235:
231:
227:
223:
222:
214:
208:
203:
201:
198:
194:
193:
189:
183:
180:
177:
173:
160:
151:
147:
146:
142:
138:
132:
129:
128:
125:
108:
104:
100:
99:
91:
80:
78:
75:
71:
70:
66:
60:
57:
54:
50:
45:
41:
35:
27:
23:
18:
17:
2276:
2257:
2252:
2250:
2245:
2241:
2238:
2219:
2218:
2199:
2196:
2193:
2189:
2186:
2182:
2178:
2174:
2171:
2157:
2149:
2146:
2143:
2049:InternetMeme
2031:
2026:
2020:
2007:InternetMeme
1995:
1990:
1976:InternetMeme
1938:
1933:
1890:InternetMeme
1830:
1825:
1807:InternetMeme
1788:
1783:
1762:InternetMeme
1760:
1749:
1744:
1736:
1731:
1723:
1634:
1455:
1451:
1303:
1243:
1239:
1222:
1218:
1210:
1195:
1193:
1189:
1183:
1179:
1177:
1173:
1112:
1055:Mason's rule
1053:Check this:
1006:
991:
971:
962:
945:
931:
855:
736:
647:
643:
639:
585:
581:
574:
570:
558:
554:
552:
531:Jorge Stolfi
524:
513:
509:
496:
492:
488:
487:
481:
456:
432:Neuroscience
423:Neuroscience
416:
395:Neuroscience
367:
327:
262:
230:project page
219:
136:
96:
40:WikiProjects
2176:\omega t}.
1931:of the..."
1720:Piped links
1698:convolution
1197:Jive Dadson
1115:—Preceding
907:So start a
238:Electronics
226:electronics
182:Electronics
30:Start-class
2295:Categories
2102:MOS:NOPIPE
2098:MOS:NOPIPE
1778:MOS:NOPIPE
1571:and where
858:use j for
567:companding
520:User:Extro
2220:North8000
2163:function:
1756:black box
1394:so that,
1227:Oli Filth
1137:Oli Filth
965:Omegatron
913:Omegatron
837:Omegatron
781:Omegatron
718:Omegatron
675:Omegatron
613:Omegatron
590:Omegatron
539:Omegatron
505:The Anome
2260:Spiel496
2027:Spinning
1991:Spinning
1934:Spinning
1826:Spinning
1784:Spinning
1732:Spinning
1514:, where
1117:unsigned
575:function
563:clipping
478:Examples
1927:is the
1700:or the
1217:. The
1154:Mct mht
632:Fourier
628:Laplace
459:on the
370:on the
343:Physics
334:Physics
290:Physics
265:on the
139:on the
112:Systems
103:systems
59:Systems
2096:As to
975:Adam Y
735:it is
484:mickpc
36:scale.
2032:Spark
1996:Spark
1939:Spark
1831:Spark
1789:Spark
1737:Spark
1706:Bob K
1021:r b-j
1015:mraj
936:r b-j
890:r b-j
810:r b-j
742:r b-j
695:r b-j
656:r b-j
598:Oarih
573:as a
503:) --
2283:talk
2264:talk
2225:talk
2207:talk
2144:Hi,
2110:talk
2106:Gah4
2088:talk
2084:Gah4
2076:what
2071:and
2053:talk
2011:talk
1980:talk
1894:talk
1811:talk
1766:talk
1710:talk
1454:and
1306:as,
1201:talk
1158:talk
1125:talk
1058:Tnae
1010:Mraj
979:talk
648:only
630:(or
584:and
105:and
2201:it.
1704:.--
1178:It
1094:PAR
854:we
828:it.
737:not
634:or
547:LTI
451:Low
362:Mid
257:Mid
131:Mid
2297::
2285:)
2266:)
2246:st
2227:)
2209:)
2112:)
2090:)
2079:}}
2073:{{
2069:}}
2063:{{
2055:)
2013:)
1982:)
1896:)
1823:?
1813:)
1768:)
1712:)
1219:jω
1203:)
1180:is
1160:)
1152:.
1127:)
981:)
963:—
932:my
868:−
856:do
529:?
2281:(
2262:(
2253:s
2242:s
2223:(
2205:(
2108:(
2086:(
2051:(
2021:I
2009:(
1978:(
1892:(
1809:(
1764:(
1708:(
1684:)
1681:t
1678:(
1675:x
1672:)
1669:t
1666:(
1663:h
1660:=
1657:)
1654:t
1651:(
1648:y
1635:s
1621:)
1618:s
1615:(
1612:Y
1592:)
1589:.
1586:(
1581:L
1559:)
1556:)
1553:t
1550:(
1547:x
1544:(
1539:L
1534:=
1531:)
1528:s
1525:(
1522:X
1502:)
1499:s
1496:(
1493:X
1490:)
1487:s
1484:(
1481:H
1478:=
1475:)
1472:s
1469:(
1466:Y
1456:y
1452:x
1438:)
1435:t
1432:(
1429:x
1426:)
1423:t
1420:(
1417:h
1414:=
1411:)
1408:t
1405:(
1402:y
1382:)
1379:t
1376:(
1373:x
1353:)
1350:t
1347:,
1344:)
1341:t
1338:(
1335:x
1332:(
1329:h
1326:=
1323:)
1320:t
1317:(
1314:y
1304:h
1290:)
1287:t
1284:(
1281:y
1261:)
1258:t
1255:(
1252:x
1223:σ
1211:s
1199:(
1156:(
1123:(
977:(
871:1
644:X
640:Y
636:Z
577:.
497:j
493:i
489:i
463:.
374:.
269:.
161:.
143:.
109:.
42::
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
