92:
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Butynski, T. M. and Mwangi, G. 1994. Conservation Status and
Distribution of the Tana River Red Colobus and Crested Mangabey. Report for Zoo Atlanta, Kenya Wildlife Service, National Museums of Kenya, Institute of Primate Research and East African Wildlife Society. The Harvey, P.H. and Clutton-Brock,
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development is believed to be important in that it will secure the conservation of the habitat and the species with the communities around the reserve. Tourism will benefit both the mangabey and local communities through economic development and a reduction in habitat loss. The conservancy will also
560:
within the Tana River area and protect the endangered Tana River mangabey. The conservation of this species is a high priority for primate conservation in Kenya. In 2007, the High Court in Kenya ruled the reserve was not abiding by the laws. This led to the forested areas that the mangabey inhabited
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around 170–180 days. During the first two months after birth, the infant is guarded by its mother and begins to develop a close bond. In the third month, the infant begins socializing with other infants and adult group members, but remains in close proximity to its dam. The females within the group
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for food. The mangabey gets most of its food from subcanopy and canopy trees, although it spends most of its time feeding and moving on the ground. It consumes the fruit and seed from about 50 different tree species. Feeding is performed 48% of the day, while sleeping accounts for 15%, and resting
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was established in 1976 to protect the remaining forest along the Tana River and the endemic Tana River mangabey. The reserve protects an area around 171 km with two areas of 9.5 and 17.5 km being forested. The reserve contains about 56% of the Tana River mangabey groups, with about 44%
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usually have lasting bonds with their mothers, while the males become more independent and spend more time away from the group or on the periphery. If a group loses one of its males, another male may be recruited from peripheral solitary males to maintain the structure of the group.
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losing their legal protection. With the poor management of the Tana Delta
Irrigation Project, habitat loss outside the reserve also continues. The Tana and Athi Rivers Development Authority, which is in charge of the project, are now in the process of expanding to establish a
233:
505:. This species is restricted to riverine gallery forests in this area. The forests in which it is found are naturally fragmented due to the meandering of the Tana River and its fluctuating water levels. The forest is becoming even more fragmented due to
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for palm wine collection severely impacts the resources used by the species. Tana River mangabeys are also hunted and trapped in response to local crop damage. This trapping may occur and appears to be occurring at low levels within the forests.
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in 1978, but human encroachment within this reserve continues. Recently, it has been suggested that 20,000 hectares of the Tana River Delta should be transformed into sugarcane plantations, but this has, temporarily at least, been stopped by the
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Group size ranges from 13–36 individuals, and sometimes combining to form aggregations of 50 to 60 individuals. These groups consist of multiple males and multiple females. The species has an average day-range length of 1.25 km. During the
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cover of 25–60%. The primate sleeps in the forks of the branches of these trees or near the main trunk. It is believed to sleep in trees to reduce the risk of predation and chooses this site according to its last feeding position in the area.
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ranges for different groups extend, and considerable overlap occurs between the different groups. During this time, groups are more tolerant of one another and meet and intermingle. The Tana River mangabey has a few predators, such as the
583:. The project's goals were to enhance conservation and protection of these primates and forests. The project was poorly managed and was terminated after two years, leaving the wildlife service with the protection of these areas.
537:. A 1994 census estimated the species' population to be 1,000 to 1,200 individuals. It was listed under the U.S. Endangered Species Act as being endangered in 1970. The species is also listed as critically endangered under the
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Wahungu, G. M., Muoria, P. K., Moinde, N. N., Oguge, N. O. and
Kirathe, J. N. 2005. changes in forest fragments sizes and primate population trends along the river Tana floodplain, Kenya. African Journal of Ecology 443:
722:
Grubb, P.; Butynski, T. M.; Oates, J. F.; Bearder, S. K.; Disotell, T. R.; Groves, C. P. & Struhsaker, T. T. (2003). "Assessment of the diversity of
African primates. International Journal of Primatology".
925:
Wieczkowski, J. (2009) Brief
Communication: Puncture and Crushing Resistance Scores of Tana River Mangabey (Cercocebus galeritus) Diet Items. American Journal of Physical Anthropology, Vol. 140, pp. 572–577.
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species with two or more males within each group depending on the size of the group. The average adult male weighs about 10.2 kg, while the average adult female weighs 5.5 kg, thus exhibiting size
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at fixed boundaries. The males within the group may also engage in active combat with outside group leaders invading the territory. In the wet season when food is abundant, boundaries are broken down.
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The
Ishaqbin Conservancy is a community initiative in the Tana River Primate Reserve. Here, communities are working with Kenya Wildlife Service to develop tourism side-by-side with conservation.
525:. Felling of canopy trees for canoe construction, wild honey collection, and palm fronds are being used for thatching and mats. Subcanopy trees are being used for housing poles and the topping of
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Wahungu.G.M. (2001) Common use of sleeping sites by two primate species in Tana River, Kenya. East
African Wild Life Society, African Journal of Ecology, Vol. 39, pp. 18–23.
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is habitat loss. This is also the case with the Tana River mangabey. An estimated 50% of the original forest has been lost in the last 20 years. The Tana River area is
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living in forests outside of the reserve. About 10% of the groups living in forests outside of the reserve are under the management of the Tana Delta
Irrigation Project.
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when food is limited, groups maintain discrete territories with minimal overlapping. To maintain these territories, males give spatial vocalizations and territorial
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tail, a yellow-brown coat, and a center part on the crown of the head with long, dark fur. The species has white eyelids that contrast to its darker face like other
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Wieczkowski, J. & Mbora, D. N. M. (2000). "Increasing threats to the conservation of endemic endangered primates and forests of the lower Tana River, Kenya".
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Wieczkowski,J. 2004. Ecological
Correlates of Abundance in the Tana Mangabey (Cercocebus galeritus). American Journal of Primatology. Vol. 63 pp.125–138.
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Harvey, P.H. and
Clutton-Brock, T.H. (1981) Primate Home Range Size and Metabolic Needs. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, Vol. 8, No. 2. Pp.151–155.
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Harvey, P.H. and Clutton-Brock, T.H. 1981. Primate Home Range Size and Metabolic Needs. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, Vol. 8, No. 2. Pp.151–155.
433:, feeding on leaves, seeds, fruits, insects, and reptile and bird eggs. An opportunistic feeder, it is semiterrestrial, where it may rummage through the
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accounts for 14% of the day. The species' annual diet consists of 46.5% seeds and 25.6% fruit consumption. Critical food resources for the species are
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is listed under Appendix I. This species is listed on Class A of the African Convention on the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources.
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Wieczkowski, J. (2005) Comprehensive Conservation of Tana Mangabeys. International Journal of Primatology, Vol.26, No. 3, pp. 651–660.
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T.H. (1981) Primate Home Range Size and Metabolic Needs. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, Vol. 8, No. 2. Pp.151–155.
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Mbora, D.N.M & Butynski, T.M. Tana River Red Colobus: Procolobus rufomitratus (Peters, 1879). Kenya 2008.
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The Tana River mangabey has dental morphology well suited for the food type it consumes. The species has large
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and degradation, which has increased in recent years. This species was, together with the equally endangered
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Wahungu, G.M. 1998. Diet and habitat overlap in two sympatric primate species, the Tana Crested mangabey
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help to form a buffer around the reserve, which will help to reduce human impact inside the reserve.
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due to its sleeping area. The species sleeps in trees about 27-37 m in height, which have a sparse
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for the tearing of the tough skin on the fruits it eats. Its large maxillary and mandibular fourth
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species. This contrast in the eyelids is believed to be used as part of the species' complex
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and semiterrestrial. It spends most of its time on the ground, but is still considered
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along the Tana River is home to several primate species - the Tana River mangabey,
481:, within 27 forest fragments along a 60 km stretch of floodplain forests. The
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http://www.kws.go.ke/parks/community_wildlife_program/Conservancies/Ishaqbin.html
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have increased surface area to crush seeds, and its shortened face increases
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623:(3rd ed.). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 153.
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The objective of the Tana River Primate Reserve was to conserve the
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Butynski, T.M.; de Jong, Y.A.; Wieczkowski, J.; King, J. (2020).
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Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference
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The Tana River mangabey is found in the southeastern portion of
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of this species, while others award these full species status.
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The Tana River mangabey is a medium-sized primate with a long
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from human disturbance, which may reduce species' survival.
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Kenya’s rare monkey species threatened with extinction .
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Homewood, K. 1974. Can the Tana Mangabey Survive? Oryx
779:"Kenya Wildlife Service – Tana River Primate Reserve"
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The female gives birth to a single offspring after a
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African Conservation Foundation. Accessed 2008-07-20
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942:. African Journal of Ecology. Vol. 36 pp.159–173
568:, which will in turn remove more forested areas.
575:and Kenya Forest Department was funded by the
539:International Union for Conservation of Nature
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677:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T4200A17956330.en
341:for feeding on hard nuts, seeds, and fruits.
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533:The Tana River mangabey is listed as one of
2345:IUCN Red List critically endangered species
824:BirdLife International. Accessed 2008-07-20
290:to riverine forest patches along the lower
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306:, the main reason for the creation of the
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535:The World's 25 Most Endangered Primates
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571:A five-year project in 1996 with the
264:. Some authorities have included the
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256:) is a highly endangered species of
663:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
337:. The species also has specialized
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523:losing its forests to agriculture
90:
517:One of the greatest threats to
444:, which fruits year-round, and
1:
1581:Northern pig-tailed macaque (
1572:Southern pig-tailed macaque (
837:Richardson, M. (2006-04-03).
822:Tana gets temporary reprieve.
781:. www.kws.org. Archived from
404:The Tana River mangabey is a
2380:Taxa named by Wilhelm Peters
469:Geographic range and habitat
1365:Greater spot-nosed monkey (
581:Global Environment Facility
382:Central African rock python
349:The Tana River mangabey is
16:Species of Old World monkey
2396:
2370:Endangered fauna of Africa
1437:Lesser spot-nosed monkey (
550:Tana River Primate Reserve
308:Tana River Primate Reserve
240:Tana River mangabey range
2375:Mammals described in 1879
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1979:Golden-bellied mangabey (
1653:Celebes crested macaque (
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1021:Extant species of family
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87:Scientific classification
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23:
1793:Black crested mangabey (
1392:Campbell's mona monkey (
1179:Blue Nile patas monkey (
841:. ARKive. Archived from
617:; Reeder, D. M. (eds.).
1784:Grey-cheeked mangabey (
1752:White-cheeked macaque (
1689:Formosan rock macaque (
1446:White-throated guenon (
1238:Bale Mountains vervet (
1161:Southern patas monkey (
982:Kenya Wildlife Reserve
2355:Endemic fauna of Kenya
2006:White-naped mangabey (
1671:Stump-tailed macaque (
1590:Pagai Island macaque (
1096:Allen's swamp monkey (
740:Cite journal requires
573:Kenya Wildlife Service
487:Tana River red colobus
304:Tana River red colobus
298:. It is threatened by
2304:Paleobiology Database
1988:Tana River mangabey (
1662:Crab-eating macaque (
1563:Lion-tailed macaque (
1410:Crested mona monkey (
1287:(Terrestrial guenons)
1170:Common patas monkey (
839:"Tana River mangabey"
501:, and two species of
55:Critically Endangered
2140:cercocebus-galeritus
2127:Cercocebus_galeritus
2113:Cercocebus galeritus
2083:Cercocebus galeritus
1500:De Brazza's monkey (
1428:Dent's mona monkey (
1419:Wolf's mona monkey (
1401:Lowe's mona monkey (
699:"Appendices | CITES"
670:: e.T4200A17956330.
656:Cercocebus galeritus
413:within the species.
345:Behavior and ecology
335:communication system
319:Physical description
253:Cercocebus galeritus
216:Cercocebus galeritus
24:Tana River mangabey
1961:Collared mangabey (
1774:(Crested mangabeys)
1743:Arunachal macaque (
1644:Gorontalo macaque (
1482:Red-tailed monkey (
1473:Moustached guenon (
1315:Sun-tailed monkey (
1025:(Old World monkeys)
936:Cerocebus galeritus
248:Tana River mangabey
40:Conservation status
2365:Tana River (Kenya)
1867:Hamadryas baboon (
1698:Japanese macaque (
1464:Red-eared guenon (
1455:Sclater's guenon (
1337:(Arboreal guenons)
1297:L'Hoest's monkey (
1128:Angolan talapoin (
940:Papio cynocephalus
938:and yellow baboon
808:2008-10-12 at the
519:endangered species
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527:Phoenix reclinata
447:Phoenix reclinata
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339:dental morphology
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1522:
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1518:
1516:
1515:
1511:C. lomamiensis
1506:
1497:
1488:
1479:
1470:
1461:
1452:
1443:
1434:
1425:
1416:
1407:
1398:
1389:
1380:
1371:
1362:
1353:
1347:Diana monkey (
1343:
1341:
1325:
1324:
1322:
1321:
1312:
1303:
1293:
1291:
1275:
1274:
1272:
1271:
1262:
1258:C. pygerythrus
1253:
1244:
1235:
1226:
1220:Green monkey (
1217:
1211:Dryas monkey (
1207:
1205:
1189:
1188:
1186:
1185:
1181:E. poliophaeus
1176:
1167:
1157:
1155:
1147:
1146:
1144:
1143:
1134:
1124:
1122:
1106:
1105:
1103:
1102:
1092:
1090:
1087:Allenopithecus
1079:
1077:Cercopithecini
1073:
1072:
1070:
1069:
1063:
1057:
1051:
1045:
1038:
1035:
1034:
1020:
1018:
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995:
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975:
966:
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944:
927:
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826:
814:
795:
770:
751:
742:|journal=
714:
690:
644:
629:
598:
596:
593:
514:
511:
483:gallery forest
470:
467:
426:
423:
401:
398:
394:Nile crocodile
346:
343:
325:semiprehensile
320:
317:
260:in the family
242:
241:
237:
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221:
210:
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2245:
2240:
2236:
2232:
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2219:
2214:
2210:
2206:
2201:
2197:
2193:
2188:
2184:
2180:
2175:
2171:
2167:
2162:
2158:
2154:
2149:
2145:
2141:
2136:
2132:
2128:
2123:
2119:
2114:
2108:
2104:
2099:
2093:
2089:
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2086:
2084:
2080:
2076:
2071:
2061:
2060:
2054:
2044:
2042:
2037:
2035:
2033:
2028:
2027:
2025:
2023:
2022:
2017:
2011:
2009:
2004:
2002:
2000:
1995:
1993:
1991:
1986:
1984:
1982:
1977:
1975:
1973:
1968:
1966:
1964:
1959:
1957:
1955:
1950:
1949:
1947:
1940:(White-eyelid
1935:
1934:
1929:
1923:
1921:
1916:
1915:
1913:
1911:
1910:
1909:Theropithecus
1905:
1899:
1897:
1892:
1890:
1888:
1883:
1881:
1879:
1874:
1872:
1870:
1865:
1863:
1861:
1856:
1854:
1852:
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1844:
1834:
1833:
1828:
1822:
1820:
1815:
1814:
1812:
1810:
1809:
1804:
1798:
1796:
1791:
1789:
1787:
1782:
1781:
1779:
1769:
1768:
1763:
1757:
1755:
1754:M. leucogenys
1750:
1748:
1746:
1741:
1739:
1737:
1732:
1730:
1728:
1727:M. assamensis
1723:
1721:
1719:
1714:
1712:
1710:
1705:
1703:
1701:
1696:
1694:
1692:
1687:
1685:
1683:
1678:
1676:
1674:
1669:
1667:
1665:
1660:
1658:
1656:
1651:
1649:
1647:
1646:M. nigrescens
1642:
1640:
1638:
1633:
1631:
1629:
1624:
1622:
1620:
1615:
1613:
1611:
1606:
1604:
1602:
1597:
1595:
1593:
1588:
1586:
1584:
1579:
1577:
1575:
1574:M. nemestrina
1570:
1568:
1566:
1561:
1559:
1557:
1552:
1551:
1549:
1539:
1538:
1533:
1530:
1528:
1524:
1514:
1512:
1507:
1505:
1503:
1498:
1496:
1494:
1489:
1487:
1485:
1480:
1478:
1476:
1471:
1469:
1467:
1466:C. erythrotis
1462:
1460:
1458:
1453:
1451:
1449:
1444:
1442:
1440:
1439:C. petaurista
1435:
1433:
1431:
1426:
1424:
1422:
1417:
1415:
1413:
1408:
1406:
1404:
1399:
1397:
1395:
1390:
1388:
1386:
1383:Mona monkey (
1381:
1379:
1377:
1374:Blue monkey (
1372:
1370:
1368:
1363:
1361:
1359:
1354:
1352:
1350:
1345:
1344:
1342:
1332:
1331:
1330:Cercopithecus
1326:
1320:
1318:
1313:
1311:
1309:
1304:
1302:
1300:
1295:
1294:
1292:
1282:
1281:
1280:Allochrocebus
1276:
1270:
1268:
1263:
1261:
1259:
1254:
1252:
1250:
1245:
1243:
1241:
1236:
1234:
1232:
1227:
1225:
1223:
1218:
1216:
1214:
1209:
1208:
1206:
1196:
1195:
1190:
1184:
1182:
1177:
1175:
1173:
1168:
1166:
1164:
1163:E. baumstarki
1159:
1158:
1156:
1154:
1153:
1148:
1142:
1140:
1135:
1133:
1131:
1126:
1125:
1123:
1113:
1112:
1107:
1101:
1099:
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1078:
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1044:
1040:
1039:
1036:
1031:
1027:
1016:
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1002:
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996:
993:
985:
979:
976:
970:
967:
961:
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955:
948:
945:
941:
937:
931:
928:
922:
919:
913:
910:
904:
901:
895:
893:
889:
883:
881:
879:
875:
868:
865:
859:
856:
845:on 2013-07-04
844:
840:
833:
831:
827:
823:
818:
815:
811:
807:
804:
799:
796:
785:on 2010-02-22
784:
780:
774:
771:
766:
762:
755:
752:
747:
734:
726:
718:
715:
704:
700:
694:
691:
678:
673:
669:
665:
664:
659:
657:
648:
645:
640:
636:
632:
630:0-801-88221-4
626:
622:
621:
616:
615:Wilson, D. E.
612:
611:Groves, C. P.
606:
604:
600:
594:
592:
589:
584:
582:
578:
574:
569:
567:
564:
559:
554:
551:
546:
544:
540:
536:
531:
528:
524:
520:
512:
510:
508:
504:
500:
499:vervet monkey
496:
495:yellow baboon
492:
488:
484:
480:
476:
468:
466:
464:
460:
456:
451:
449:
448:
443:
442:
436:
432:
424:
422:
419:
414:
412:
407:
399:
397:
395:
391:
390:martial eagle
387:
386:crowned eagle
383:
378:
373:
369:
363:
360:
356:
352:
344:
342:
340:
336:
332:
331:
326:
318:
316:
314:
309:
305:
301:
297:
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289:
284:
282:
278:
277:
272:
271:
267:
263:
259:
255:
254:
249:
238:
234:
229:
224:
219:
217:
211:
208:
207:Binomial name
204:
200:
199:
194:
191:
190:
187:
186:
182:
179:
178:
175:
172:
169:
168:
165:
162:
159:
158:
155:
152:
149:
148:
145:
142:
139:
138:
135:
132:
129:
128:
125:
122:
119:
118:
115:
112:
109:
108:
105:
102:
99:
98:
93:
88:
84:
78:
72:
67:
61:
56:
45:
41:
36:
32:
27:
22:
19:
2082:
2057:
2040:
2031:
2019:
2008:C. lunulatus
2007:
1998:
1990:C. galeritus
1989:
1987:
1980:
1971:
1963:C. torquatus
1962:
1953:
1931:
1919:
1907:
1895:
1886:
1877:
1869:P. hamadryas
1868:
1859:
1850:
1830:
1818:
1806:
1795:L. aterrimus
1794:
1785:
1765:
1753:
1744:
1736:M. thibetana
1735:
1726:
1717:
1708:
1699:
1690:
1681:
1673:M. arctoides
1672:
1663:
1654:
1645:
1636:
1627:
1618:
1609:
1600:
1591:
1582:
1573:
1564:
1555:
1535:
1510:
1502:C. neglectus
1501:
1492:
1483:
1474:
1465:
1456:
1447:
1438:
1429:
1420:
1411:
1402:
1394:C. campbelli
1393:
1384:
1375:
1367:C. nictitans
1366:
1357:
1348:
1328:
1316:
1307:
1298:
1278:
1267:C. cynosuros
1266:
1257:
1248:
1239:
1230:
1221:
1212:
1192:
1180:
1171:
1162:
1152:Erythrocebus
1150:
1139:M. ogouensis
1138:
1129:
1109:
1097:
1085:
978:
969:
947:
939:
935:
930:
921:
912:
903:
867:
858:
847:. Retrieved
843:the original
817:
798:
787:. Retrieved
783:the original
773:
764:
760:
754:
733:cite journal
727:: 1301–1357.
724:
717:
706:. Retrieved
702:
693:
681:. Retrieved
667:
661:
655:
647:
619:
585:
570:
558:biodiversity
555:
547:
532:
526:
516:
513:Conservation
507:habitat loss
472:
452:
445:
439:
428:
415:
403:
400:Reproduction
364:
348:
328:
322:
300:habitat loss
285:
274:
268:
252:
251:
247:
245:
215:
213:
197:
196:
184:
160:Infraorder:
18:
2187:iNaturalist
2107:Wikispecies
1808:Rungwecebus
1786:L. albigena
1691:M. cyclopis
1628:M. tonkeana
1619:M. ochreata
1592:M. pagensis
1556:M. sylvanus
1484:C. ascanius
1457:C. sclateri
1412:C. pogonias
1265:Malbrouck (
1249:C. tantalus
1231:C. aethiops
1194:Chlorocebus
1130:M. talapoin
1118:(Talapoins)
1111:Miopithecus
1028:(subfamily
683:15 November
503:bush babies
491:blue monkey
435:leaf litter
164:Simiiformes
2350:Cercocebus
2339:Categories
2030:Mandrill (
2021:Mandrillus
1942:mangabeys)
1933:Cercocebus
1887:P. ursinus
1819:R. kipunji
1767:Lophocebus
1745:M. munzala
1718:M. radiata
1700:M. fuscata
1682:M. mulatta
1583:M. leonina
1565:M. silenus
1544:(Macaques)
1493:C. hamlyni
1358:C. roloway
1317:A. solatus
1308:A. preussi
1299:A. lhoesti
1222:C. sabaeus
1067:Haplorhini
1065:Suborder:
849:2013-02-06
789:2009-12-30
708:2022-01-14
595:References
577:World Bank
566:plantation
541:and under
479:Tana River
477:along the
463:bite force
431:omnivorous
406:polygynous
368:dry season
330:Cercocebus
315:of Kenya.
313:High Court
292:Tana River
281:subspecies
185:Cercocebus
154:Haplorhini
150:Suborder:
73:Appendix I
2032:M. sphinx
1999:C. sanjei
1972:C. agilis
1920:T. gelada
1896:P. kindae
1851:P. anubis
1839:(Baboons)
1817:Kipunji (
1709:M. sinica
1601:M. siberu
1527:Papionini
1475:C. cephus
1041:Kingdom:
703:cites.org
563:sugarcane
459:premolars
192:Species:
110:Kingdom:
104:Eukaryota
2317:Species+
2257:12100431
2205:10592344
2092:Wikidata
2059:Category
1918:Gelada (
1878:P. papio
1655:M. nigra
1637:M. hecki
1610:M. maura
1509:Lesula (
1430:C. denti
1421:C. wolfi
1403:C. lowei
1376:C. mitis
1349:C. diana
1229:Grivet (
1213:C. dryas
1172:E. patas
1061:Primates
1055:Mammalia
1049:Chordata
1047:Phylum:
1043:Animalia
806:Archived
767:: 32–40.
639:62265494
613:(2005).
455:incisors
377:Foraging
372:displays
355:arboreal
170:Family:
144:Primates
134:Mammalia
124:Chordata
120:Phylum:
114:Animalia
100:Domain:
60:IUCN 3.1
2244:1000597
2179:2436545
2098:Q547982
2039:Drill (
1954:C. atys
1385:C. mona
1059:Order:
1053:Class:
588:Tourism
351:diurnal
288:endemic
258:primate
180:Genus:
140:Order:
130:Class:
75: (
58: (
2309:385878
2296:268347
2218:572994
2166:323964
2135:ARKive
1537:Macaca
952:81–90.
637:
627:
392:, and
359:canopy
286:It is
276:sanjei
270:agilis
225:, 1879
223:Peters
2283:82320
2200:IRMNG
2192:43468
1832:Papio
543:CITES
475:Kenya
296:Kenya
77:CITES
71:CITES
2322:5226
2270:9532
2265:NCBI
2231:4200
2226:IUCN
2213:ITIS
2174:GBIF
2153:SST8
746:help
685:2021
668:2020
635:OCLC
625:ISBN
548:The
425:Diet
273:and
266:taxa
246:The
2252:MSW
2239:MDD
2161:EoL
2148:CoL
2122:ADW
672:doi
279:as
2341::
2319::
2306::
2293::
2280::
2267::
2254::
2241::
2228::
2215::
2202::
2189::
2176::
2163::
2150::
2137::
2124::
2109::
2094::
957:^
891:^
877:^
829:^
763:.
737::
735:}}
731:{{
725:24
701:.
666:.
660:.
633:.
602:^
497:,
493:,
489:,
465:.
396:.
388:,
384:,
2043:)
2034:)
2010:)
2001:)
1992:)
1983:)
1974:)
1965:)
1956:)
1922:)
1898:)
1889:)
1880:)
1871:)
1862:)
1853:)
1821:)
1797:)
1788:)
1756:)
1747:)
1738:)
1729:)
1720:)
1711:)
1702:)
1693:)
1684:)
1675:)
1666:)
1657:)
1648:)
1639:)
1630:)
1621:)
1612:)
1603:)
1594:)
1585:)
1576:)
1567:)
1558:)
1513:)
1504:)
1495:)
1486:)
1477:)
1468:)
1459:)
1450:)
1441:)
1432:)
1423:)
1414:)
1405:)
1396:)
1387:)
1378:)
1369:)
1360:)
1351:)
1319:)
1310:)
1301:)
1269:)
1260:)
1251:)
1242:)
1233:)
1224:)
1215:)
1183:)
1174:)
1165:)
1141:)
1132:)
1100:)
1032:)
1014:e
1007:t
1000:v
852:.
792:.
765:4
748:)
744:(
711:.
687:.
674::
658:"
654:"
641:.
579:/
250:(
79:)
62:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
