312:, and this is indicated here with a dagger †. Superfamily names are standardized so that they all end in the suffix "-oidea", also commonly used for superorders and subclasses, replacing the "-acea" ending found especially in the older literature. Classification of families into subfamilies however is often not well resolved, and should be regarded as the best possible
327:) of gastropods, from the subtribe to the superfamily. A full bibliographic reference is provided for each taxon, giving the name of the authority, the original publication, the date of that publication, the type genus for the taxon, its nomenclatural status, and its validity under the rules of the
156:
In 2017 this taxonomy was superseded by a revised taxonomy "Revised
Classification, Nomenclator and Typification of Gastropod and Monoplacophoran Families" by Philippe Bouchet & Jean-Pierre Rocroi, Bernhard Hausdorf, Andrzej Kaim, Yasunori Kano, Alexander Nützel, Pavel Parkhaev, Michael Schrödl
1427:
In the following, more detailed list, indentation is used only for the ranks of superfamily and family. The clade names are not indented, but their hierarchy is indicated by the size of the font used. A clearer sense of the hierarchy of the clades can be drawn from the list immediately above this
148:
In some parts of the taxonomy, instead of "clade", Bouchet and Rocroi labelled groupings of taxa as a "group" or an "informal group". A clade must by definition contain only one lineage, and it was considered to be the case that these "informal groups" may either contain more than one lineage, or
292:
ranks for superfamilies and all taxa below the rank of superfamily (i.e., family, subfamily, tribe, genus, subgenus, and species. The clades have been given names which are similar to, or in some cases the same as, traditional
Linnaean names for taxa above the level of superfamily. Whenever
7197:
Bouchet, Philippe; Rocroi, Jean-Pierre; Hausdorf, Bernhard; Kaim, Andrzej; Kano, Yasunori; Nützel, Alexander; Parkhaev, Pavel; Schrödl, Michael; Strong, Ellen E. (2017). "Revised
Classification, Nomenclator and Typification of Gastropod and Monoplacophoran Families".
350:(an evolutionary tree of descent.) It is worth bearing in mind however that this taxonomy is provisional: many of the taxa are still only known as "groups" or "informal groups", and these are very likely to be changed as more information becomes available.
137:. The first three of these major clades have no nesting clades within them: the taxonomy goes immediately to the superfamily level. Within the Caenogastropoda there is one extra clade. In contrast, within the Heterobranchia, for some of the
149:
only contain part of a lineage. Further research will eventually resolve these questions. Since the publication of this taxonomic system in 2005, various proposals for changes have been published by other authors, for more information see
157:
and Ellen E. Strong in
Malacologia, 2017, 61(1–2): 1–526. The authors have reverted to adopting the traditional ranks above superfamily: order, subclass, as this was preferred by many users.
211:
7291:
7178:
2978:
335:
215:
150:
301:(that it excludes some of its descendants) the term "group" or "informal group" has been used. Both Linnaean taxa and clades are invalid if it turns out they are
328:
277:. This shift in emphasis has meant that the newer taxa and their hierarchy are subject to debate, a debate that is not likely to be resolved soon.
1132:
This cladogram is based on the following information. The list format used below makes clear which taxa are informal groups rather than clades:
7315:
7371:
297:(a single ancestry) has not yet been tested and confirmed, or where a traditional taxon of gastropods has already been discovered to be
200:
was laid out in a book-length paper entitled "Classification and
Nomenclator of Gastropod Families", which was published in the journal
334:
Since the publication of this taxonomic system in 2005, various changes have been published by other authors, for more information see
7376:
262:
71:. The system encompasses both living and extinct groups, as well as some fossils whose classification as gastropods is uncertain.
7267:
5570:
7366:
2342:
320:
221:
The taxonomy set out by
Bouchet & Rocroi is an attempt to get one step closer to representing this part of the
2192:: subsequent research has placed this superfamily in its own clade, the Neomphalina, basal to the Vetigastropoda
74:
The
Bouchet & Rocroi system was the first complete gastropod taxonomy that primarily employed the concept of
32:
2362:
6006:
79:
280:
This proposed classification has tried to integrate the results of recent molecular work by using unranked
7074:
186:
173:. Biological classification schemes are not merely a convenience, they are an attempt to show the actual
7285:
222:
4387:
3334:
1236:
641:
242:
87:
7304:
141:
groups there are six separate clades above the level of superfamily, and in the case of most of the
5626:
5359:
3014:
2734:
1819:
1326:
1302:
862:
808:
288:(replacing the ranks subclass, superorder, order, and suborder), while still using the traditional
7322:
7240:
7215:
7146:
7110:
7098:
7092:
6912:
6593:
6152:
4491:
3094:
2974:
2748:
2508:
2258:
2123:
2099:
1715:
1554:
1384:
1016:
225:. Bouchet & Rocroi's classification system is a hybrid of the pre-existing, more traditional
197:
43:
28:
7273:
7263:
6599:
6245:
5367:
5305:
4497:
4415:
4323:
3766:
3153:
3070:
3024:
2967:
2935:
2754:
2612:
2586:
2228:
2216:
2039:
2007:
1874:
1839:
1751:
1560:
1484:
1190:
1173:
1167:
1140:
526:
477:
462:
393:
289:
226:
190:
114:
99:
229:
along with some more recent far-reaching revisions which are based on molecular work and use
7236:
7207:
7158:
6777:
6689:
6633:
6377:
6347:
6251:
5373:
5311:
5243:
5155:
5135:
5016:
5010:
4880:
4842:
4645:
4227:
3840:
3754:
3608:
3185:
3147:
2941:
2822:
2816:
2722:
2690:
2650:
2556:
2374:
2252:
2240:
2222:
2175:
2105:
1936:
1852:
1845:
1775:
1733:
1669:
1491:
83:
24:
308:
In this taxonomy 611 valid families are recognized. Of these, 202 families are exclusively
98:, superorder and suborder, which are typical of classifications that are still inspired by
7152:
7116:
6978:
6934:
6872:
6866:
6836:
6639:
6539:
6383:
6289:
6281:
6201:
6179:
5755:
5527:
5513:
5487:
5445:
5437:
5297:
5249:
5235:
5161:
4816:
4735:
4693:
4681:
4639:
4621:
4543:
4503:
4433:
4349:
4329:
4291:
3988:
3816:
3760:
3718:
3626:
3614:
3442:
3426:
3414:
3388:
3372:
3312:
3306:
3245:
3076:
2990:
2869:
2802:
2764:
2570:
2562:
2536:
2514:
2472:
2452:
2380:
2310:
2246:
2202:
2163:
2137:
2111:
1942:
1858:
1763:
1709:
1663:
1625:
1503:
1497:
1390:
1284:
1242:
1208:
1202:
1181:
1152:
1029:
766:
654:
568:
554:
499:
423:
246:
130:
122:
106:
95:
46:
82:; in this context a clade is a "natural grouping" of organisms based upon a statistical
7244:
7164:
7134:
7104:
7080:
6972:
6940:
6894:
6842:
6808:
6800:
6765:
6735:
6697:
6567:
6495:
6489:
6389:
6365:
6303:
6295:
6185:
6102:
5984:
5956:
5928:
5890:
5858:
5845:
5701:
5587:
5581:
5545:
5533:
5493:
5481:
5451:
5269:
5261:
5169:
5129:
5097:
4948:
4874:
4719:
4713:
4687:
4627:
4517:
4445:
4427:
4421:
4409:
4391:
4365:
4355:
4279:
4251:
4233:
4221:
4191:
4153:
4091:
4070:
4064:
3890:
3852:
3828:
3790:
3748:
3580:
3556:
3478:
3450:
3293:
3159:
3126:
3052:
3044:
3032:
2927:
2883:
2877:
2857:
2728:
2596:
2576:
2542:
2442:
2410:
2392:
2316:
2296:
2234:
2169:
2149:
2143:
2047:
2027:
1987:
1964:
1807:
1800:
1788:
1769:
1757:
1745:
1739:
1657:
1581:
With isostrophically coiled shells of uncertain position (Gastropoda or
Monoplacophora)
1510:
1478:
1472:
1466:
1460:
1448:
1372:
1230:
1146:
989:
628:
408:
285:
207:
185:. Thus, a taxonomy such as this one can be seen as an attempt to elucidate part of the
134:
118:
110:
86:. In contrast, most of the previous overall taxonomic schemes for gastropods relied on
7347:
7248:
284:
for taxa below the traditional rank of class (class
Gastropoda) but above the rank of
7360:
7062:
7024:
6946:
6900:
6814:
6771:
6747:
6715:
6703:
6683:
6677:
6645:
6607:
6573:
6533:
6507:
6471:
6463:
6439:
6371:
6309:
6191:
6108:
5990:
5970:
5852:
5797:
5725:
5695:
5651:
5501:
5414:
5329:
5281:
5275:
5225:
5181:
5175:
5111:
5103:
5089:
5046:
5036:
5024:
4968:
4930:
4782:
4725:
4667:
4653:
4601:
4555:
4549:
4523:
4509:
4483:
4465:
4439:
4285:
4239:
4209:
4147:
4141:
4097:
4080:
3976:
3922:
3878:
3778:
3772:
3736:
3724:
3700:
3550:
3538:
3496:
3490:
3484:
3456:
3432:
3420:
3354:
3346:
3330:
3324:
3275:
3257:
3203:
3179:
3100:
3058:
3038:
3002:
2996:
2984:
2947:
2889:
2863:
2831:
2808:
2740:
2716:
2704:
2664:
2656:
2632:
2602:
2460:
2416:
2404:
2330:
2302:
2278:
2264:
2208:
2189:
2155:
2117:
2081:
2073:
2053:
2015:
1995:
1864:
1813:
1794:
1676:
1651:
1639:
1607:
1566:
1547:
1541:
1516:
1332:
1314:
1272:
1266:
1248:
1220:
875:
835:
736:
721:
668:
598:
7219:
7128:
7042:
6759:
6613:
6521:
6501:
6477:
6445:
6401:
6341:
6231:
6223:
6165:
6062:
6034:
5976:
5904:
5896:
5884:
5815:
5803:
5773:
5765:
5677:
5635:
5607:
5553:
5507:
5418:
5383:
5335:
5141:
5117:
5030:
4956:
4936:
4824:
4804:
4673:
4659:
4607:
4593:
4587:
4567:
4561:
4531:
4311:
4185:
4165:
4109:
4052:
4024:
4006:
3982:
3942:
3928:
3910:
3846:
3694:
3664:
3658:
3632:
3574:
3568:
3544:
3378:
3366:
3360:
3281:
3239:
3221:
3209:
3167:
3136:
3114:
3082:
2955:
2915:
2903:
2849:
2837:
2796:
2710:
2670:
2644:
2620:
2522:
2482:
2466:
2398:
2336:
2284:
2196:
2181:
2129:
2093:
2087:
2021:
2001:
1954:
1826:
1703:
1682:
1645:
1619:
1601:
1589:
1529:
1522:
1396:
1344:
1308:
1196:
1158:
1043:
904:
821:
541:
435:
302:
298:
178:
166:
126:
2770:
Contains the
Caenogastropoda of uncertain systematic position, the informal group
7253:
7140:
7122:
6952:
6860:
6854:
6671:
6621:
6579:
6545:
6527:
6513:
6457:
6451:
6431:
6395:
6323:
6269:
6261:
6237:
6171:
6156:
6136:
6128:
6084:
6068:
6048:
6040:
6014:
5996:
5916:
5910:
5821:
5809:
5791:
5779:
5713:
5641:
5566:
5560:
5519:
5341:
5321:
5255:
5059:
4984:
4962:
4942:
4922:
4900:
4886:
4868:
4850:
4836:
4830:
4810:
4701:
4633:
4613:
4575:
4537:
4471:
4453:
4271:
4197:
4159:
4129:
4058:
4018:
4012:
3998:
3962:
3948:
3916:
3834:
3822:
3810:
3798:
3742:
3730:
3706:
3676:
3670:
3652:
3586:
3504:
3318:
3287:
3263:
3215:
3191:
3173:
3120:
3088:
3008:
2961:
2921:
2909:
2895:
2789:
2638:
2626:
2528:
2424:
2386:
2354:
2061:
2033:
1981:
1948:
1896:
1882:
1832:
1781:
1727:
1572:
1535:
1408:
1402:
1378:
1290:
1260:
1254:
1214:
1073:
1058:
1002:
781:
706:
687:
583:
202:
67:
7316:"The New Classification of Gastropods according to Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005"
7068:
7050:
7036:
7030:
7018:
7006:
6984:
6960:
6920:
6822:
6741:
6723:
6709:
6665:
6627:
6585:
6553:
6483:
6421:
6329:
6315:
6275:
6142:
6054:
6020:
5827:
5785:
5743:
5735:
5719:
5603:
5593:
5539:
5469:
5404:
5351:
5287:
5207:
5191:
5147:
5065:
5004:
4992:
4974:
4906:
4856:
4707:
4581:
4477:
4459:
4335:
4317:
4173:
4135:
4121:
4103:
4032:
3968:
3934:
3896:
3884:
3804:
3688:
3640:
3620:
3594:
3562:
3510:
3464:
3298:
3269:
3233:
3227:
3064:
2843:
2696:
2678:
2490:
2430:
2348:
2322:
2067:
1975:
1910:
1902:
1888:
1721:
1613:
1595:
1338:
1320:
1296:
1278:
889:
848:
794:
751:
313:
250:
238:
142:
138:
58:
36:
7277:
7056:
7012:
6966:
6926:
6906:
6848:
6828:
6785:
6729:
6653:
6559:
6359:
6353:
6116:
5938:
5922:
5866:
5837:
5749:
5683:
5574:
5475:
5461:
5213:
5199:
5123:
5073:
5050:
4998:
4892:
4862:
4790:
4259:
4245:
4179:
4115:
4044:
4038:
3954:
3860:
3712:
3646:
3600:
3470:
3340:
3251:
3106:
2684:
2548:
2436:
2368:
2270:
1928:
1922:
1916:
1432:
1366:
1350:
976:
919:
702:
683:
347:
294:
266:
174:
170:
105:
In the Bouchet & Rocroi taxonomy, clades are used between the rank of
7211:
7086:
6791:
6753:
6659:
6335:
6122:
6074:
6026:
5878:
5872:
5707:
5219:
5079:
4912:
4796:
4341:
4299:
4265:
4215:
4203:
3902:
3872:
3866:
3784:
3682:
3524:
3516:
3197:
2290:
182:
62:
6997:
Two other superfamilies are part of the clade Sigmurethra, but they are
1634:
With anisostrophically coiled shells of uncertain position (Gastropoda?)
6409:
5689:
4403:
4305:
3530:
254:
39:
6877:
Fossil taxa that probably belong to the superfamily Gastrodontoidea:
6415:
1440:
309:
258:
230:
165:
Systems of classification such as this one are primarily of value to
75:
3302:
is placed in the Procerithiidae, then this family is not all fossil.
241:). In the past, the taxonomy of gastropods was largely based on the
65:). The paper setting out this taxonomy was published in the journal
206:
and which was written in collaboration with J. Frýda, B. Hausdorf,
113:. The clades are unranked. Bouchet and Rocroi use six main clades:
324:
281:
234:
91:
50:
54:
210:, Á. Valdés and A. Warén. This system supersedes the system of
274:
270:
16:
System for the scientific classification of gastropod mollusks
319:
The publication Bouchet & Rocroi (2005) also includes a
305:, in other words if they consist of more than one lineage.
5573:
of this family in Bouchet & Rocroi (2005). Correct is
448:† Paleozoic Neritimorpha of uncertain systematic position
323:
of about 2400 suprageneric taxa (taxa above the level of
145:, there are four clades above the level of superfamily.
7314:
Poppe, Guido T.; Tagaro, Sheila P. (23 February 2006).
1163:
Paleozoic Neritimorpha of uncertain systematic position
7249:"Classification and nomenclator of gastropod families"
367:† Paleozoic molluscs of uncertain systematic position
218:
have been made since the publication of this paper.
1136:
Paleozoic molluscs of uncertain systematic position
346:Here the information is displayed in the form of a
2785:Caenogastropoda of uncertain systematic position:
2493:Neritomorpha of uncertain position and the clades
196:The Bouchet & Rocroi 2005 system of gastropod
513:Caenogastropoda of uncertain systematic position
7179:Changes in the taxonomy of gastropods since 2005
1186:Caenogastropoda of uncertain systematic position
336:changes in the taxonomy of gastropods since 2005
151:changes in the taxonomy of gastropods since 2005
7262:(1–2). Hackenheim, Germany: ConchBooks: 1–397.
8:
7290:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
380:† Basal taxa that are certainly Gastropoda
223:evolutionary history of the phylum Mollusca
7231:
7229:
1435:molluscs of uncertain systematic position
1691:Basal taxa that are certainly Gastropoda
265:. Recent advances are based more on the
7189:
342:Main clades, groups and informal groups
253:) in shelled species, and the internal
7283:
169:(people who study mollusks) and other
7256:: International Journal of Malacology
216:Subsequent revisions by other authors
7:
6993:Informal group Sigmurethra continued
245:characters of the taxa, such as the
90:to classify these animals, and used
7247:, Valdés Á. & Warén A. (2005).
5556:(= Phanerobranchiata Non Suctoria)
1036:
1009:
982:
882:
855:
828:
801:
661:
634:
561:
506:
441:
360:
353:
78:, and was derived from research on
57:of every kind, from the land, from
1447:Uncertain position (Gastropoda or
14:
257:, including the structure of the
3410:Not allocated to a superfamily
1971:Not assigned to a superfamily:
249:characteristics (including the
181:relatedness) within a group of
31:is a system for the scientific
5673:Not assigned to a superfamily
1:
5571:incorrect subsequent spelling
4371:Contains the informal groups
3143:Not allocated to superfamily
212:Ponder and Lindberg from 1997
49:of animals which consists of
23:as it was revised in 2005 by
6886:Subfamily † Palaeoxestininae
6880:Subfamily † Archaeozonitinae
5944:Contains the informal group
4399:Unassigned to a superfamily
4087:Unassigned to a superfamily
6883:Subfamily † Grandipatulinae
1695:(existing as fossils only)
7393:
7372:Systems of animal taxonomy
5400:Unassigned to superfamily
2504:Unassigned to superfamily
1699:unassigned to superfamily
1456:unassigned to superfamily
21:taxonomy of the Gastropoda
7243:, Frýda J., Hausdorf B.,
2977:Zygopleuroid group - see
1071:
1056:
1041:
1034:
1014:
1007:
987:
980:
917:
902:
887:
880:
860:
853:
833:
826:
806:
799:
779:
764:
749:
734:
719:
700:
681:
666:
659:
639:
632:
596:
581:
566:
559:
539:
524:
511:
504:
475:
459:
446:
439:
421:
406:
391:
378:
365:
358:
7377:Malacological literature
7321:. Visaya. Archived from
7001:in the limacoid clade:
6215:and the informal group
6207:Contains the subclades
5658:Contains the subclades
5425:Contains the subclades
3402:and the informal group
269:characteristics of the
80:molecular phylogenetics
88:morphological features
7212:10.4002/040.061.0201
6090:Contains the clades
5614:Contains the clades
5389:Contains the clades
4741:Contains the clades
4388:Lower Heterobranchia
3394:Contains the clades
1237:Lower Heterobranchia
642:Lower Heterobranchia
5962:Contains the clade
5627:Pseudoeuctenidiacea
5616:Pseudoeuctenidiacea
5360:Pleurobranchomorpha
3015:Pseudozygopleuridae
2735:Pseudorthonychiidae
1820:Palaeozygopleuridae
1327:Pseudoeuctenidiacea
1303:Pleurobranchomorpha
863:Pseudoeuctenidiacea
809:Pleurobranchomorpha
263:reproductive system
261:and details of the
7367:Gastropod taxonomy
7305:WoRMS: Neomphalina
7147:Sphincterochilidae
7111:Helminthoglyptidae
7099:Halolimnohelicidae
7093:Epiphragmophoridae
6913:Trigonochlamydidae
6594:Papillodermatoidea
6153:Systellommatophora
6092:Systellommatophora
5848:( = Pleuroprocta)
5654:( = Cladohepatica)
4492:Architectonicoidea
3095:Megalomastomatidae
2979:Changes since 2005
2749:Symmetrocapuloidea
2509:Craspedostomatidae
2259:Rhaphischismatidae
2124:Pseudococculinidae
2100:Bathyphytophilidae
1716:Crassimarginatidae
1555:Yochelcionelloidea
1385:Systellommatophora
1017:Systellommatophora
42:(Gastropods are a
29:Jean-Pierre Rocroi
6600:Papillodermatidae
6246:Athoracophoroidea
5569:- Aegiretidae is
5368:Pleurobranchoidea
5306:Cylindrobulloidea
4498:Architectonicidae
4416:Heterosubulitidae
4324:Pseudomelatomidae
3767:Palaeorissoinidae
3154:Canterburyellidae
3071:Craspedopomatidae
3025:Architaenioglossa
2968:Ischnoptygmatidae
2936:Pseudomelanioidea
2772:Architaenioglossa
2755:Symmetrocapulidae
2613:Cycloneritimorpha
2587:Cyrtoneritimorpha
2499:Cycloneritimorpha
2495:Cyrtoneritimorpha
2229:Catantostomatidae
2217:Pleurotomarioidea
2040:Phanerotrematidae
2008:Nododelphinulidae
1875:Patellogastropoda
1840:Straparollinoidea
1752:Pragoserpulinidae
1561:Yochelcionellidae
1485:Protoconchoididae
1191:Architaenioglossa
1174:Cycloneritimorpha
1168:Cyrtoneritimorpha
1141:Patellogastropoda
1129:
1128:
1120:
1119:
1111:
1110:
1102:
1101:
1093:
1092:
1084:
1083:
966:
965:
957:
956:
948:
947:
939:
938:
930:
929:
618:
617:
609:
608:
527:Architaenioglossa
488:
487:
478:Cycloneritimorpha
463:Cyrtoneritimorpha
394:Patellogastropoda
227:Linnaean taxonomy
191:phylogenetic tree
115:Patellogastropoda
100:Linnaean taxonomy
7384:
7337:
7335:
7333:
7327:
7320:
7307:
7302:
7296:
7295:
7289:
7281:
7233:
7224:
7223:
7194:
7159:Trissexodontidae
6778:Thyrophorellidae
6690:Strophocheilidae
6634:Chlamydephoridae
6378:Spelaeoconchidae
6348:Cylindrellinidae
6252:Athoracophoridae
5374:Pleurobranchidae
5312:Cylindrobullidae
5244:Placobranchoidea
5156:Palliohedyloidea
5136:Minicheviellidae
5017:Pneumodermatidae
5011:Notobranchaeidae
4881:Philinoglossidae
4843:Smaragdinellidae
4646:Murchisonellidae
4386:Informal group "
4228:Pleioptygmatidae
3841:Struthiolariidae
3755:Mesocochliopidae
3609:Pterotracheoidea
3186:Brachytrematidae
3148:Acanthonematidae
2942:Pseudomelaniidae
2823:Acanthonematidae
2817:Abyssochrysoidea
2723:Delphinulopsidae
2691:Phenacolepadidae
2651:Proserpinellidae
2557:Palaeotrochoidea
2375:Calliostomatidae
2253:Portlockiellidae
2241:Phymatopleuridae
2223:Pleurotomariidae
2176:Cheeneetnukiidae
2106:Caymanabyssiidae
1937:Neolepetopsoidea
1853:Trochonematoidea
1846:Straparollinidae
1776:Scoliostomatidae
1734:Opisthonematidae
1670:Omphalotrochidae
1492:Archinacelloidea
1037:
1010:
983:
883:
856:
829:
802:
662:
635:
562:
507:
442:
361:
354:
109:and the rank of
84:cluster analysis
25:Philippe Bouchet
7392:
7391:
7387:
7386:
7385:
7383:
7382:
7381:
7357:
7356:
7344:
7331:
7329:
7328:on 29 July 2017
7325:
7318:
7313:
7310:
7303:
7299:
7282:
7270:
7235:
7234:
7227:
7196:
7195:
7191:
7187:
7175:
7153:Thysanophoridae
7117:Humboldtianidae
6995:
6979:Boettgerillidae
6935:Helicarionoidea
6873:Trochomorphidae
6867:Pristilomatidae
6837:Gastrodontoidea
6804:
6640:Haplotrematidae
6540:Micractaeonidae
6435:
6430:Informal Group
6384:Spelaeodiscidae
6290:Achatinelloidea
6282:Draparnaudiidae
6265:
6227:
6205:
6202:Stylommatophora
6180:Veronicelloidea
6161:
6096:Stylommatophora
6088:
6010:
5960:
5955:Informal Group
5942:
5937:Informal Group
5841:
5769:
5756:Doridomorphidae
5739:
5656:
5631:
5629:( = Doridoxida)
5612:
5528:Onchidoridoidea
5514:Dendrodorididae
5488:Chromodorididae
5465:
5446:Bathydoridoidea
5441:
5438:Gnathodoridacea
5427:Gnathodoridacea
5423:
5387:
5363:
5355:
5325:
5301:
5298:Cylindrobullida
5250:Placobranchidae
5239:
5236:Placobranchacea
5203:
5195:
5162:Palliohedylidae
5093:
5055:
4988:
4926:
4817:Notodiaphanidae
4786:
4775:Cylindrobullida
4769:and the groups
4739:
4736:Opisthobranchia
4734:Informal group
4694:Cassianebalidae
4682:Streptacidoidea
4640:Heteroneritidae
4622:Pyramidelloidea
4544:Ampezzanildidae
4504:Amphitomariidae
4434:Orbitestellidae
4396:
4377:Opisthobranchia
4369:
4350:Cancellarioidea
4330:Strictispiridae
4292:Ptychatractidae
4084:
4002:
3997:Informal group
3989:Lamelliphoridae
3817:Colombellinidae
3761:Moitessieriidae
3719:Falsicingulidae
3627:Bellerophinidae
3615:Pterotracheidae
3446:
3443:Littorinimorpha
3427:Pommerozygiidae
3415:Coelostylinidae
3396:Littorinimorpha
3392:
3389:Hypsogastropoda
3373:Plesiotrochidae
3313:Propupaspiridae
3307:Prostyliferidae
3296:- If the genus
3246:Metacerithiidae
3140:
3077:Diplommatinidae
3028:
3023:Informal group
2991:Abyssochrysidae
2870:Anthracopupidae
2803:Spanionematidae
2780:Hypsogastropoda
2774:and the clades
2768:
2765:Caenogastropoda
2616:
2590:
2571:Platyceratoidea
2563:Palaeotrochidae
2537:Oriostomatoidea
2515:Pragoscutulidae
2487:
2485:(= Neritopsina)
2473:Bathysciadiidae
2456:
2453:Cocculiniformia
2381:Elasmonematidae
2311:Scissurelloidea
2247:Polytremariidae
2203:Melanodrymiidae
2164:Murchisonioidea
2138:Lepetodriloidea
2112:Cocculinellidae
1968:
1943:Neolepetopsidae
1878:
1859:Trochonematidae
1764:Raphistomatidae
1710:Codonocheilidae
1693:
1664:Omphalocirridae
1636:
1626:Tropidodiscidae
1583:
1504:Archaeopragidae
1498:Archinacellidae
1453:
1437:
1425:
1407:Informal group
1391:Stylommatophora
1371:Informal group
1365:Informal group
1285:Cylindrobullida
1243:Opisthobranchia
1241:Informal group
1235:Informal group
1213:Informal group
1209:Littorinimorpha
1203:Hypsogastropoda
1189:Informal group
1182:Caenogastropoda
1153:Cocculiniformia
1130:
1121:
1112:
1103:
1094:
1085:
1030:Stylommatophora
967:
958:
949:
940:
931:
767:Cylindrobullida
655:Opisthobranchia
619:
610:
569:Littorinimorpha
555:Hypsogastropoda
500:Caenogastropoda
489:
424:Cocculiniformia
344:
163:
131:Caenogastropoda
123:Cocculiniformia
17:
12:
11:
5:
7390:
7388:
7380:
7379:
7374:
7369:
7359:
7358:
7355:
7354:
7343:
7342:External links
7340:
7339:
7338:
7309:
7308:
7297:
7268:
7225:
7206:(1–2): 1–526.
7188:
7186:
7183:
7182:
7181:
7174:
7171:
7170:
7169:
7168:
7167:
7165:Xanthonychidae
7161:
7155:
7149:
7143:
7137:
7135:Pleurodontidae
7131:
7125:
7119:
7113:
7107:
7105:Helicodontidae
7101:
7095:
7089:
7083:
7081:Cochlicellidae
7077:
7071:
7065:
7059:
7047:
7046:
7045:
7039:
7033:
7027:
7021:
7015:
6994:
6991:
6990:
6989:
6988:
6987:
6981:
6975:
6973:Agriolimacidae
6969:
6957:
6956:
6955:
6949:
6943:
6941:Helicarionidae
6931:
6930:
6929:
6917:
6916:
6915:
6909:
6903:
6895:Parmacelloidea
6891:
6890:
6889:
6888:
6887:
6884:
6881:
6875:
6869:
6863:
6857:
6851:
6845:
6843:Gastrodontidae
6833:
6832:
6831:
6819:
6818:
6817:
6809:Staffordioidea
6803:
6801:limacoid clade
6798:
6797:
6796:
6795:
6794:
6782:
6781:
6780:
6774:
6768:
6766:Helicodiscidae
6762:
6756:
6750:
6744:
6738:
6736:Anastomopsidae
6732:
6720:
6719:
6718:
6712:
6706:
6698:Plectopyloidea
6694:
6693:
6692:
6686:
6680:
6674:
6668:
6662:
6650:
6649:
6648:
6642:
6636:
6630:
6618:
6617:
6616:
6604:
6603:
6602:
6590:
6589:
6588:
6582:
6576:
6568:Testacelloidea
6564:
6563:
6562:
6550:
6549:
6548:
6542:
6536:
6530:
6518:
6517:
6516:
6510:
6504:
6498:
6496:Grangerellidae
6492:
6490:Coelociontidae
6486:
6480:
6468:
6467:
6466:
6460:
6454:
6448:
6434:
6428:
6427:
6426:
6425:
6424:
6418:
6406:
6405:
6404:
6398:
6392:
6390:Strobilopsidae
6386:
6380:
6374:
6368:
6366:Pleurodiscidae
6362:
6356:
6350:
6344:
6338:
6332:
6320:
6319:
6318:
6312:
6304:Cochlicopoidea
6300:
6299:
6298:
6296:Achatinellidae
6286:
6285:
6284:
6278:
6264:
6258:
6257:
6256:
6255:
6254:
6242:
6241:
6240:
6226:
6220:
6204:
6198:
6197:
6196:
6195:
6194:
6188:
6186:Veronicellidae
6176:
6175:
6174:
6160:
6149:
6148:
6147:
6146:
6145:
6133:
6132:
6131:
6125:
6113:
6112:
6111:
6103:Trimusculoidea
6087:
6081:
6080:
6079:
6078:
6077:
6071:
6059:
6058:
6057:
6045:
6044:
6043:
6031:
6030:
6029:
6023:
6009:
6003:
6002:
6001:
6000:
5999:
5993:
5985:Siphonarioidea
5981:
5980:
5979:
5959:
5957:Basommatophora
5953:
5948:and the clade
5946:Basommatophora
5941:
5935:
5934:
5933:
5932:
5931:
5929:Piseinotecidae
5925:
5919:
5913:
5901:
5900:
5899:
5893:
5891:Pseudovermidae
5887:
5881:
5875:
5863:
5862:
5861:
5859:Notaeolidiidae
5855:
5846:Flabellinoidea
5840:
5834:
5833:
5832:
5831:
5830:
5824:
5818:
5812:
5806:
5800:
5794:
5788:
5782:
5768:
5762:
5761:
5760:
5759:
5758:
5752:
5738:
5732:
5731:
5730:
5729:
5728:
5722:
5716:
5710:
5704:
5702:Goniaeolididae
5698:
5692:
5686:
5680:
5655:
5648:
5647:
5646:
5645:
5644:
5630:
5623:
5611:
5600:
5599:
5598:
5597:
5596:
5590:
5588:Hexabranchidae
5584:
5582:Gymnodorididae
5578:
5563:
5550:
5549:
5548:
5546:Goniodorididae
5542:
5536:
5534:Onchidorididae
5524:
5523:
5522:
5516:
5510:
5498:
5497:
5496:
5494:Discodorididae
5490:
5484:
5482:Actinocyclidae
5478:
5464:
5458:
5457:
5456:
5455:
5454:
5452:Bathydorididae
5440:
5434:
5422:
5411:
5410:
5409:
5408:
5407:
5386:
5380:
5379:
5378:
5377:
5376:
5362:
5356:
5354:
5348:
5347:
5346:
5345:
5344:
5338:
5324:
5318:
5317:
5316:
5315:
5314:
5300:
5294:
5293:
5292:
5291:
5290:
5284:
5278:
5270:Limapontioidea
5266:
5265:
5264:
5262:Platyhedylidae
5258:
5252:
5238:
5232:
5231:
5230:
5229:
5228:
5222:
5216:
5202:
5196:
5194:
5188:
5187:
5186:
5185:
5184:
5178:
5170:Strubellioidea
5166:
5165:
5164:
5152:
5151:
5150:
5144:
5138:
5132:
5130:Livorniellidae
5126:
5120:
5108:
5107:
5106:
5098:Acochlidioidea
5092:
5086:
5085:
5084:
5083:
5082:
5070:
5069:
5068:
5054:
5043:
5042:
5041:
5040:
5039:
5033:
5021:
5020:
5019:
5013:
5007:
5001:
4987:
4981:
4980:
4979:
4978:
4977:
4971:
4965:
4953:
4952:
4951:
4949:Sphaerocinidae
4945:
4939:
4925:
4919:
4918:
4917:
4916:
4915:
4909:
4897:
4896:
4895:
4889:
4883:
4877:
4875:Gastropteridae
4871:
4865:
4859:
4847:
4846:
4845:
4839:
4833:
4821:
4820:
4819:
4813:
4801:
4800:
4799:
4785:
4779:
4738:
4732:
4731:
4730:
4729:
4728:
4722:
4720:Hyalogyrinidae
4716:
4714:Cornirostridae
4710:
4698:
4697:
4696:
4690:
4688:Streptacididae
4678:
4677:
4676:
4664:
4663:
4662:
4650:
4649:
4648:
4642:
4636:
4630:
4628:Pyramidellidae
4618:
4617:
4616:
4610:
4598:
4597:
4596:
4590:
4584:
4572:
4571:
4570:
4564:
4558:
4552:
4546:
4540:
4528:
4527:
4526:
4518:Glacidorboidea
4514:
4513:
4512:
4506:
4500:
4488:
4487:
4486:
4480:
4474:
4468:
4462:
4450:
4449:
4448:
4446:Xylodisculidae
4442:
4436:
4430:
4428:Misurinellidae
4424:
4422:Kuskokwimiidae
4418:
4412:
4410:Dolomitellidae
4406:
4395:
4392:Allogastropoda
4384:
4373:Heterobranchia
4368:
4366:Heterobranchia
4362:
4361:
4360:
4359:
4358:
4356:Cancellariidae
4346:
4345:
4344:
4338:
4332:
4326:
4320:
4314:
4308:
4296:
4295:
4294:
4288:
4280:Pseudolivoidea
4276:
4275:
4274:
4268:
4256:
4255:
4254:
4252:Volutomitridae
4248:
4242:
4236:
4234:Strepsiduridae
4230:
4224:
4222:Pholidotomidae
4218:
4212:
4206:
4200:
4194:
4192:Costellariidae
4188:
4182:
4170:
4169:
4168:
4162:
4156:
4154:Fasciolariidae
4150:
4144:
4138:
4126:
4125:
4124:
4118:
4112:
4106:
4100:
4094:
4092:Johnwyattiidae
4083:
4077:
4076:
4075:
4074:
4073:
4071:Newtoniellidae
4067:
4065:Cerithiopsidae
4061:
4049:
4048:
4047:
4041:
4029:
4028:
4027:
4021:
4015:
4001:
3995:
3994:
3993:
3992:
3991:
3985:
3973:
3972:
3971:
3959:
3958:
3957:
3951:
3939:
3938:
3937:
3931:
3925:
3919:
3907:
3906:
3905:
3899:
3893:
3891:Pisanianuridae
3887:
3881:
3875:
3869:
3857:
3856:
3855:
3853:Tylostomatidae
3849:
3843:
3837:
3831:
3829:Rostellariidae
3825:
3819:
3813:
3807:
3795:
3794:
3793:
3791:Truncatellidae
3787:
3781:
3775:
3769:
3763:
3757:
3751:
3749:Lithoglyphidae
3745:
3739:
3733:
3727:
3721:
3715:
3709:
3703:
3697:
3691:
3685:
3679:
3673:
3667:
3661:
3655:
3649:
3637:
3636:
3635:
3629:
3623:
3617:
3605:
3604:
3603:
3591:
3590:
3589:
3583:
3581:Tripartellidae
3577:
3571:
3565:
3559:
3557:Pickworthiidae
3553:
3547:
3535:
3534:
3533:
3521:
3520:
3519:
3513:
3501:
3500:
3499:
3493:
3487:
3479:Cingulopsoidea
3475:
3474:
3473:
3461:
3460:
3459:
3451:Calyptraeoidea
3445:
3439:
3438:
3437:
3436:
3435:
3429:
3423:
3417:
3391:
3385:
3384:
3383:
3382:
3381:
3375:
3369:
3363:
3351:
3350:
3349:
3343:
3337:
3327:
3321:
3315:
3309:
3303:
3294:Procerithiidae
3290:
3284:
3278:
3272:
3266:
3260:
3254:
3248:
3242:
3236:
3230:
3224:
3218:
3212:
3206:
3200:
3194:
3188:
3182:
3176:
3164:
3163:
3162:
3160:Prisciphoridae
3156:
3150:
3139:
3133:
3132:
3131:
3130:
3129:
3127:Pliopholygidae
3123:
3111:
3110:
3109:
3103:
3097:
3091:
3085:
3079:
3073:
3067:
3061:
3053:Cyclophoroidea
3049:
3048:
3047:
3045:Naricopsinidae
3041:
3033:Ampullarioidea
3027:
3021:
3020:
3019:
3018:
3017:
3011:
3005:
2999:
2993:
2987:
2972:
2971:
2970:
2964:
2952:
2951:
2950:
2944:
2932:
2931:
2930:
2928:Sphaerodomidae
2924:
2918:
2912:
2900:
2899:
2898:
2892:
2886:
2884:Palaeostylidae
2878:Paleostyloidea
2874:
2873:
2872:
2866:
2858:Dendropupoidea
2854:
2853:
2852:
2846:
2840:
2828:
2827:
2826:
2813:
2812:
2811:
2805:
2799:
2793:
2767:
2761:
2760:
2759:
2758:
2757:
2745:
2744:
2743:
2737:
2731:
2729:Plagiothyridae
2725:
2719:
2713:
2701:
2700:
2699:
2693:
2687:
2675:
2674:
2673:
2661:
2660:
2659:
2653:
2647:
2641:
2635:
2629:
2615:
2609:
2608:
2607:
2606:
2605:
2599:
2597:Orthonychiidae
2589:
2583:
2582:
2581:
2580:
2579:
2577:Platyceratidae
2567:
2566:
2565:
2553:
2552:
2551:
2545:
2543:Oriostomatidae
2533:
2532:
2531:
2519:
2518:
2517:
2511:
2486:
2479:
2478:
2477:
2476:
2475:
2469:
2455:
2449:
2448:
2447:
2446:
2445:
2443:Phasianellidae
2439:
2433:
2421:
2420:
2419:
2413:
2411:Tychobraheidae
2407:
2401:
2395:
2393:Microdomatidae
2389:
2383:
2377:
2371:
2359:
2358:
2357:
2351:
2345:
2339:
2327:
2326:
2325:
2319:
2317:Scissurellidae
2307:
2306:
2305:
2299:
2297:Discohelicidae
2293:
2287:
2275:
2274:
2273:
2267:
2261:
2255:
2249:
2243:
2237:
2235:Kittlidiscidae
2231:
2225:
2213:
2212:
2211:
2205:
2199:
2186:
2185:
2184:
2178:
2172:
2170:Murchisoniidae
2160:
2159:
2158:
2152:
2150:Clypeosectidae
2146:
2144:Lepetodrilidae
2134:
2133:
2132:
2126:
2120:
2114:
2108:
2102:
2096:
2090:
2078:
2077:
2076:
2070:
2058:
2057:
2056:
2048:Fissurelloidea
2044:
2043:
2042:
2036:
2030:
2028:Gosseletinidae
2024:
2012:
2011:
2010:
2004:
1992:
1991:
1990:
1988:Schizogoniidae
1984:
1978:
1967:
1965:Vetigastropoda
1961:
1960:
1959:
1958:
1957:
1951:
1945:
1933:
1932:
1931:
1925:
1919:
1907:
1906:
1905:
1893:
1892:
1891:
1877:
1871:
1870:
1869:
1868:
1867:
1861:
1850:
1849:
1848:
1837:
1836:
1835:
1824:
1823:
1822:
1816:
1808:Loxonematoidea
1805:
1804:
1803:
1801:Onychochilidae
1797:
1789:Clisospiroidea
1786:
1785:
1784:
1778:
1772:
1770:Rhytidopilidae
1766:
1760:
1758:Pseudophoridae
1754:
1748:
1746:Planitrochidae
1742:
1740:Paraturbinidae
1736:
1730:
1724:
1718:
1712:
1706:
1692:
1689:
1688:
1687:
1686:
1685:
1674:
1673:
1672:
1666:
1660:
1658:Lesueurillidae
1654:
1648:
1635:
1632:
1631:
1630:
1629:
1628:
1622:
1616:
1610:
1604:
1598:
1592:
1582:
1579:
1578:
1577:
1576:
1575:
1569:
1563:
1552:
1551:
1550:
1544:
1538:
1527:
1526:
1525:
1519:
1511:Pelagielloidea
1508:
1507:
1506:
1500:
1489:
1488:
1487:
1481:
1479:Patelliconidae
1475:
1473:Metoptomatidae
1469:
1467:Ladamarekiidae
1463:
1461:Khairkhaniidae
1452:
1449:Monoplacophora
1445:
1436:
1430:
1424:
1421:
1420:
1419:
1418:
1417:
1416:
1415:
1414:
1413:
1412:
1411:
1405:
1399:
1387:
1375:
1373:Basommatophora
1363:
1362:
1361:
1360:
1359:
1358:
1357:
1356:
1355:
1354:
1353:
1347:
1341:
1329:
1317:
1305:
1293:
1287:
1281:
1275:
1269:
1263:
1257:
1251:
1239:
1231:Heterobranchia
1227:
1226:
1225:
1224:
1223:
1217:
1211:
1199:
1193:
1187:
1178:
1177:
1176:
1170:
1164:
1155:
1149:
1147:Vetigastropoda
1143:
1137:
1127:
1126:
1123:
1122:
1118:
1117:
1114:
1113:
1109:
1108:
1105:
1104:
1100:
1099:
1096:
1095:
1091:
1090:
1087:
1086:
1082:
1081:
1078:
1077:
1070:
1067:
1066:
1063:
1062:
1055:
1052:
1051:
1048:
1047:
1040:
1035:
1033:
1025:
1024:
1021:
1020:
1013:
1008:
1006:
998:
997:
994:
993:
990:Basommatophora
986:
981:
979:
973:
972:
969:
968:
964:
963:
960:
959:
955:
954:
951:
950:
946:
945:
942:
941:
937:
936:
933:
932:
928:
927:
924:
923:
916:
913:
912:
909:
908:
901:
898:
897:
894:
893:
886:
881:
879:
871:
870:
867:
866:
859:
854:
852:
844:
843:
840:
839:
832:
827:
825:
817:
816:
813:
812:
805:
800:
798:
790:
789:
786:
785:
778:
775:
774:
771:
770:
763:
760:
759:
756:
755:
748:
745:
744:
741:
740:
733:
730:
729:
726:
725:
718:
715:
714:
711:
710:
699:
696:
695:
692:
691:
680:
677:
676:
673:
672:
665:
660:
658:
650:
649:
646:
645:
638:
633:
631:
629:Heterobranchia
625:
624:
621:
620:
616:
615:
612:
611:
607:
606:
603:
602:
595:
592:
591:
588:
587:
580:
577:
576:
573:
572:
565:
560:
558:
550:
549:
546:
545:
538:
535:
534:
531:
530:
523:
520:
519:
516:
515:
510:
505:
503:
495:
494:
491:
490:
486:
485:
482:
481:
474:
471:
470:
467:
466:
458:
455:
454:
451:
450:
445:
440:
438:
432:
431:
428:
427:
420:
417:
416:
413:
412:
409:Vetigastropoda
405:
402:
401:
398:
397:
390:
387:
386:
383:
382:
377:
374:
373:
370:
369:
364:
359:
357:
352:
343:
340:
162:
159:
135:Heterobranchia
119:Vetigastropoda
94:ranks such as
33:classification
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
7389:
7378:
7375:
7373:
7370:
7368:
7365:
7364:
7362:
7353:
7352:vol. 47 (1-2)
7351:
7348:Full text of
7346:
7345:
7341:
7324:
7317:
7312:
7311:
7306:
7301:
7298:
7293:
7287:
7279:
7275:
7271:
7265:
7261:
7257:
7255:
7250:
7246:
7242:
7238:
7232:
7230:
7226:
7221:
7217:
7213:
7209:
7205:
7201:
7193:
7190:
7184:
7180:
7177:
7176:
7172:
7166:
7162:
7160:
7156:
7154:
7150:
7148:
7144:
7142:
7138:
7136:
7132:
7130:
7126:
7124:
7120:
7118:
7114:
7112:
7108:
7106:
7102:
7100:
7096:
7094:
7090:
7088:
7084:
7082:
7078:
7076:
7072:
7070:
7066:
7064:
7063:Bradybaenidae
7060:
7058:
7054:
7053:
7052:
7048:
7044:
7040:
7038:
7034:
7032:
7028:
7026:
7025:Ariolimacidae
7022:
7020:
7016:
7014:
7010:
7009:
7008:
7004:
7003:
7002:
7000:
6992:
6986:
6982:
6980:
6976:
6974:
6970:
6968:
6964:
6963:
6962:
6958:
6954:
6950:
6948:
6947:Ariophantidae
6944:
6942:
6938:
6937:
6936:
6932:
6928:
6924:
6923:
6922:
6918:
6914:
6910:
6908:
6904:
6902:
6901:Parmacellidae
6898:
6897:
6896:
6892:
6885:
6882:
6879:
6878:
6876:
6874:
6870:
6868:
6864:
6862:
6858:
6856:
6852:
6850:
6846:
6844:
6840:
6839:
6838:
6834:
6830:
6826:
6825:
6824:
6820:
6816:
6815:Staffordiidae
6812:
6811:
6810:
6806:
6805:
6802:
6799:
6793:
6789:
6788:
6787:
6783:
6779:
6775:
6773:
6772:Oreohelicidae
6769:
6767:
6763:
6761:
6757:
6755:
6751:
6749:
6748:Cystopeltidae
6745:
6743:
6739:
6737:
6733:
6731:
6727:
6726:
6725:
6721:
6717:
6716:Sculptariidae
6713:
6711:
6707:
6705:
6704:Plectopylidae
6701:
6700:
6699:
6695:
6691:
6687:
6685:
6684:Megomphicidae
6681:
6679:
6678:Macrocyclidae
6675:
6673:
6669:
6667:
6663:
6661:
6657:
6656:
6655:
6651:
6647:
6646:Scolodontidae
6643:
6641:
6637:
6635:
6631:
6629:
6625:
6624:
6623:
6620:Superfamily
6619:
6615:
6611:
6610:
6609:
6608:Streptaxoidea
6605:
6601:
6597:
6596:
6595:
6591:
6587:
6583:
6581:
6577:
6575:
6574:Testacellidae
6571:
6570:
6569:
6565:
6561:
6557:
6556:
6555:
6551:
6547:
6543:
6541:
6537:
6535:
6534:Ferussaciidae
6531:
6529:
6525:
6524:
6523:
6519:
6515:
6511:
6509:
6508:Placostylidae
6505:
6503:
6499:
6497:
6493:
6491:
6487:
6485:
6481:
6479:
6475:
6474:
6473:
6472:Orthalicoidea
6469:
6465:
6464:Palaeostoidae
6461:
6459:
6455:
6453:
6449:
6447:
6443:
6442:
6441:
6440:Clausilioidea
6437:
6436:
6433:
6429:
6423:
6419:
6417:
6413:
6412:
6411:
6407:
6403:
6399:
6397:
6393:
6391:
6387:
6385:
6381:
6379:
6375:
6373:
6372:Pyramidulidae
6369:
6367:
6363:
6361:
6357:
6355:
6351:
6349:
6345:
6343:
6339:
6337:
6333:
6331:
6327:
6326:
6325:
6321:
6317:
6313:
6311:
6310:Cochlicopidae
6307:
6306:
6305:
6301:
6297:
6293:
6292:
6291:
6287:
6283:
6279:
6277:
6273:
6272:
6271:
6267:
6266:
6263:
6259:
6253:
6249:
6248:
6247:
6243:
6239:
6235:
6234:
6233:
6229:
6228:
6225:
6221:
6219:
6218:
6214:
6210:
6203:
6199:
6193:
6192:Rathouisiidae
6189:
6187:
6183:
6182:
6181:
6177:
6173:
6169:
6168:
6167:
6163:
6162:
6158:
6154:
6150:
6144:
6140:
6139:
6138:
6134:
6130:
6126:
6124:
6120:
6119:
6118:
6114:
6110:
6109:Trimusculidae
6106:
6105:
6104:
6100:
6099:
6098:
6097:
6093:
6086:
6082:
6076:
6072:
6070:
6066:
6065:
6064:
6060:
6056:
6052:
6051:
6050:
6046:
6042:
6038:
6037:
6036:
6032:
6028:
6024:
6022:
6018:
6017:
6016:
6012:
6011:
6008:
6004:
5998:
5994:
5992:
5991:Siphonariidae
5988:
5987:
5986:
5982:
5978:
5974:
5973:
5972:
5971:Amphiboloidea
5968:
5967:
5966:
5965:
5958:
5954:
5952:
5951:
5947:
5940:
5936:
5930:
5926:
5924:
5920:
5918:
5914:
5912:
5908:
5907:
5906:
5902:
5898:
5894:
5892:
5888:
5886:
5882:
5880:
5876:
5874:
5870:
5869:
5868:
5864:
5860:
5856:
5854:
5853:Flabellinidae
5850:
5849:
5847:
5843:
5842:
5839:
5835:
5829:
5825:
5823:
5819:
5817:
5813:
5811:
5807:
5805:
5801:
5799:
5798:Dendronotidae
5795:
5793:
5789:
5787:
5783:
5781:
5777:
5776:
5775:
5771:
5770:
5767:
5763:
5757:
5753:
5751:
5747:
5746:
5745:
5741:
5740:
5737:
5733:
5727:
5726:Proctonotidae
5723:
5721:
5717:
5715:
5711:
5709:
5705:
5703:
5699:
5697:
5696:Embletoniidae
5693:
5691:
5687:
5685:
5681:
5679:
5675:
5674:
5672:
5671:
5670:
5669:
5665:
5661:
5653:
5652:Cladobranchia
5649:
5643:
5639:
5638:
5637:
5633:
5632:
5628:
5624:
5622:
5621:
5620:Cladobranchia
5617:
5609:
5605:
5601:
5595:
5591:
5589:
5585:
5583:
5579:
5576:
5572:
5568:
5564:
5562:
5558:
5557:
5555:
5551:
5547:
5543:
5541:
5537:
5535:
5531:
5530:
5529:
5525:
5521:
5517:
5515:
5511:
5509:
5505:
5504:
5503:
5502:Phyllidioidea
5499:
5495:
5491:
5489:
5485:
5483:
5479:
5477:
5473:
5472:
5471:
5467:
5466:
5463:
5459:
5453:
5449:
5448:
5447:
5443:
5442:
5439:
5435:
5433:
5432:
5428:
5420:
5416:
5415:Euctenidiacea
5412:
5406:
5402:
5401:
5399:
5398:
5397:
5396:
5392:
5391:Euctinidiacea
5385:
5381:
5375:
5371:
5370:
5369:
5365:
5364:
5361:
5357:
5353:
5349:
5343:
5339:
5337:
5333:
5332:
5331:
5330:Umbraculoidea
5327:
5326:
5323:
5319:
5313:
5309:
5308:
5307:
5303:
5302:
5299:
5295:
5289:
5285:
5283:
5282:Caliphyllidae
5279:
5277:
5276:Limapontiidae
5273:
5272:
5271:
5267:
5263:
5259:
5257:
5253:
5251:
5247:
5246:
5245:
5241:
5240:
5237:
5233:
5227:
5226:Volvatellidae
5223:
5221:
5217:
5215:
5211:
5210:
5209:
5205:
5204:
5201:
5197:
5193:
5189:
5183:
5182:Pseudunelidae
5179:
5177:
5176:Strubelliidae
5173:
5172:
5171:
5167:
5163:
5159:
5158:
5157:
5153:
5149:
5145:
5143:
5139:
5137:
5133:
5131:
5127:
5125:
5121:
5119:
5115:
5114:
5113:
5112:Hedylopsoidea
5109:
5105:
5104:Acochlidiidae
5101:
5100:
5099:
5095:
5094:
5091:
5090:Acochlidiacea
5087:
5081:
5077:
5076:
5075:
5071:
5067:
5063:
5062:
5061:
5057:
5056:
5052:
5048:
5047:Aplysiomorpha
5044:
5038:
5037:Laginiopsidae
5034:
5032:
5028:
5027:
5026:
5025:Hydromyloidea
5022:
5018:
5014:
5012:
5008:
5006:
5002:
5000:
4996:
4995:
4994:
4990:
4989:
4986:
4982:
4976:
4972:
4970:
4969:Desmopteridae
4966:
4964:
4960:
4959:
4958:
4954:
4950:
4946:
4944:
4940:
4938:
4934:
4933:
4932:
4931:Cavolinioidea
4928:
4927:
4924:
4920:
4914:
4910:
4908:
4904:
4903:
4902:
4898:
4894:
4890:
4888:
4884:
4882:
4878:
4876:
4872:
4870:
4866:
4864:
4860:
4858:
4854:
4853:
4852:
4848:
4844:
4840:
4838:
4834:
4832:
4828:
4827:
4826:
4822:
4818:
4814:
4812:
4808:
4807:
4806:
4802:
4798:
4794:
4793:
4792:
4788:
4787:
4784:
4783:Cephalaspidea
4780:
4778:
4776:
4772:
4771:Acochlidiacea
4768:
4764:
4760:
4756:
4755:Aplysiomorpha
4752:
4748:
4744:
4743:Cephalaspidea
4737:
4733:
4727:
4726:Provalvatidae
4723:
4721:
4717:
4715:
4711:
4709:
4705:
4704:
4703:
4699:
4695:
4691:
4689:
4685:
4684:
4683:
4679:
4675:
4671:
4670:
4669:
4668:Rissoelloidea
4665:
4661:
4657:
4656:
4655:
4654:Ringiculoidea
4651:
4647:
4643:
4641:
4637:
4635:
4631:
4629:
4625:
4624:
4623:
4619:
4615:
4611:
4609:
4605:
4604:
4603:
4602:Omalogyroidea
4599:
4595:
4591:
4589:
4585:
4583:
4579:
4578:
4577:
4573:
4569:
4565:
4563:
4559:
4557:
4556:Gordenellidae
4553:
4551:
4550:Anoptychiidae
4547:
4545:
4541:
4539:
4535:
4534:
4533:
4529:
4525:
4524:Glacidorbidae
4521:
4520:
4519:
4515:
4511:
4510:Cassianaxidae
4507:
4505:
4501:
4499:
4495:
4494:
4493:
4489:
4485:
4484:Zardinellidae
4481:
4479:
4475:
4473:
4469:
4467:
4466:Acteonellidae
4463:
4461:
4457:
4456:
4455:
4451:
4447:
4443:
4441:
4440:Tjaernoeiidae
4437:
4435:
4431:
4429:
4425:
4423:
4419:
4417:
4413:
4411:
4407:
4405:
4401:
4400:
4398:
4397:
4393:
4389:
4385:
4383:
4382:
4378:
4374:
4367:
4363:
4357:
4353:
4352:
4351:
4347:
4343:
4339:
4337:
4333:
4331:
4327:
4325:
4321:
4319:
4315:
4313:
4309:
4307:
4303:
4302:
4301:
4297:
4293:
4289:
4287:
4286:Pseudolividae
4283:
4282:
4281:
4277:
4273:
4269:
4267:
4263:
4262:
4261:
4257:
4253:
4249:
4247:
4243:
4241:
4240:Turbinellidae
4237:
4235:
4231:
4229:
4225:
4223:
4219:
4217:
4213:
4211:
4210:Marginellidae
4207:
4205:
4201:
4199:
4195:
4193:
4189:
4187:
4183:
4181:
4177:
4176:
4175:
4171:
4167:
4163:
4161:
4157:
4155:
4151:
4149:
4148:Columbellidae
4145:
4143:
4142:Colubrariidae
4139:
4137:
4133:
4132:
4131:
4127:
4123:
4119:
4117:
4113:
4111:
4107:
4105:
4101:
4099:
4098:Perissityidae
4095:
4093:
4089:
4088:
4086:
4085:
4082:
4081:Neogastropoda
4078:
4072:
4068:
4066:
4062:
4060:
4056:
4055:
4054:
4050:
4046:
4042:
4040:
4036:
4035:
4034:
4030:
4026:
4022:
4020:
4016:
4014:
4010:
4009:
4008:
4004:
4003:
4000:
3996:
3990:
3986:
3984:
3980:
3979:
3978:
3977:Xenophoroidea
3974:
3970:
3966:
3965:
3964:
3960:
3956:
3952:
3950:
3946:
3945:
3944:
3940:
3936:
3932:
3930:
3926:
3924:
3923:Haloceratidae
3920:
3918:
3914:
3913:
3912:
3908:
3904:
3900:
3898:
3894:
3892:
3888:
3886:
3882:
3880:
3879:Laubierinidae
3876:
3874:
3870:
3868:
3864:
3863:
3862:
3858:
3854:
3850:
3848:
3844:
3842:
3838:
3836:
3832:
3830:
3826:
3824:
3820:
3818:
3814:
3812:
3808:
3806:
3802:
3801:
3800:
3796:
3792:
3788:
3786:
3782:
3780:
3779:Stenothyridae
3776:
3774:
3773:Pomatiopsidae
3770:
3768:
3764:
3762:
3758:
3756:
3752:
3750:
3746:
3744:
3740:
3738:
3737:Hydrococcidae
3734:
3732:
3728:
3726:
3725:Helicostoidae
3722:
3720:
3716:
3714:
3710:
3708:
3704:
3702:
3701:Elachisinidae
3698:
3696:
3692:
3690:
3686:
3684:
3680:
3678:
3674:
3672:
3668:
3666:
3662:
3660:
3656:
3654:
3650:
3648:
3644:
3643:
3642:
3638:
3634:
3630:
3628:
3624:
3622:
3618:
3616:
3612:
3611:
3610:
3606:
3602:
3598:
3597:
3596:
3592:
3588:
3584:
3582:
3578:
3576:
3572:
3570:
3566:
3564:
3560:
3558:
3554:
3552:
3551:Bohaispiridae
3548:
3546:
3542:
3541:
3540:
3539:Littorinoidea
3536:
3532:
3528:
3527:
3526:
3522:
3518:
3514:
3512:
3508:
3507:
3506:
3502:
3498:
3497:Rastodentidae
3494:
3492:
3491:Eatoniellidae
3488:
3486:
3485:Cingulopsidae
3482:
3481:
3480:
3476:
3472:
3468:
3467:
3466:
3462:
3458:
3457:Calyptraeidae
3454:
3453:
3452:
3448:
3447:
3444:
3440:
3434:
3433:Settsassiidae
3430:
3428:
3424:
3422:
3421:Maturifusidae
3418:
3416:
3412:
3411:
3409:
3408:
3407:
3405:
3401:
3400:Neogastropoda
3397:
3390:
3386:
3380:
3376:
3374:
3370:
3368:
3364:
3362:
3358:
3357:
3356:
3355:Campaniloidea
3352:
3348:
3347:Turritellidae
3344:
3342:
3338:
3336:
3332:
3331:Terebrellidae
3328:
3326:
3325:Siliquariidae
3322:
3320:
3316:
3314:
3310:
3308:
3304:
3301:
3300:
3295:
3291:
3289:
3285:
3283:
3279:
3277:
3276:Pleuroceridae
3273:
3271:
3267:
3265:
3261:
3259:
3258:Pachychilidae
3255:
3253:
3249:
3247:
3243:
3241:
3237:
3235:
3231:
3229:
3225:
3223:
3219:
3217:
3213:
3211:
3207:
3205:
3204:Diastomatidae
3201:
3199:
3195:
3193:
3189:
3187:
3183:
3181:
3180:Batillariidae
3177:
3175:
3171:
3170:
3169:
3165:
3161:
3157:
3155:
3151:
3149:
3145:
3144:
3142:
3141:
3138:
3134:
3128:
3124:
3122:
3118:
3117:
3116:
3112:
3108:
3104:
3102:
3101:Neocyclotidae
3098:
3096:
3092:
3090:
3086:
3084:
3080:
3078:
3074:
3072:
3068:
3066:
3062:
3060:
3059:Cyclophoridae
3056:
3055:
3054:
3050:
3046:
3042:
3040:
3039:Ampullariidae
3036:
3035:
3034:
3030:
3029:
3026:
3022:
3016:
3012:
3010:
3006:
3004:
3003:Protorculidae
3000:
2998:
2997:Polygyrinidae
2994:
2992:
2988:
2986:
2985:Zygopleuridae
2982:
2981:
2980:
2976:
2973:
2969:
2965:
2963:
2959:
2958:
2957:
2953:
2949:
2948:Trajanellidae
2945:
2943:
2939:
2938:
2937:
2933:
2929:
2925:
2923:
2919:
2917:
2913:
2911:
2907:
2906:
2905:
2901:
2897:
2893:
2891:
2890:Goniasmatidae
2887:
2885:
2881:
2880:
2879:
2875:
2871:
2867:
2865:
2864:Dendropupidae
2861:
2860:
2859:
2855:
2851:
2847:
2845:
2841:
2839:
2835:
2834:
2833:
2832:Acteoninoidea
2829:
2824:
2821:
2820:
2819:Tomlin, 1927
2818:
2814:
2810:
2809:Spirostylidae
2806:
2804:
2800:
2798:
2794:
2791:
2787:
2786:
2784:
2783:
2782:
2781:
2777:
2773:
2766:
2762:
2756:
2752:
2751:
2750:
2746:
2742:
2741:Titiscaniidae
2738:
2736:
2732:
2730:
2726:
2724:
2720:
2718:
2717:Cortinellidae
2714:
2712:
2708:
2707:
2706:
2705:Neritopsoidea
2702:
2698:
2694:
2692:
2688:
2686:
2682:
2681:
2680:
2676:
2672:
2668:
2667:
2666:
2665:Hydrocenoidea
2662:
2658:
2657:Proserpinidae
2654:
2652:
2648:
2646:
2642:
2640:
2636:
2634:
2633:Dawsonellidae
2630:
2628:
2624:
2623:
2622:
2618:
2617:
2614:
2610:
2604:
2603:Vltaviellidae
2600:
2598:
2594:
2593:
2592:
2591:
2588:
2584:
2578:
2574:
2573:
2572:
2568:
2564:
2560:
2559:
2558:
2554:
2550:
2546:
2544:
2540:
2539:
2538:
2534:
2530:
2526:
2525:
2524:
2520:
2516:
2512:
2510:
2506:
2505:
2503:
2502:
2501:
2500:
2496:
2492:
2489:Contains the
2484:
2480:
2474:
2470:
2468:
2464:
2463:
2462:
2461:Cocculinoidea
2458:
2457:
2454:
2450:
2444:
2440:
2438:
2434:
2432:
2428:
2427:
2426:
2422:
2418:
2417:Velainellidae
2414:
2412:
2408:
2406:
2405:Solariellidae
2402:
2400:
2396:
2394:
2390:
2388:
2384:
2382:
2378:
2376:
2372:
2370:
2366:
2365:
2364:
2360:
2356:
2352:
2350:
2346:
2344:
2343:Chilodontidae
2340:
2338:
2334:
2333:
2332:
2331:Seguenzioidea
2328:
2324:
2320:
2318:
2314:
2313:
2312:
2308:
2304:
2303:Pavlodiscidae
2300:
2298:
2294:
2292:
2288:
2286:
2282:
2281:
2280:
2279:Porcellioidea
2277:Superfamily †
2276:
2272:
2268:
2266:
2265:Trochotomidae
2262:
2260:
2256:
2254:
2250:
2248:
2244:
2242:
2238:
2236:
2232:
2230:
2226:
2224:
2220:
2219:
2218:
2214:
2210:
2209:Peltospiridae
2206:
2204:
2200:
2198:
2194:
2193:
2191:
2190:Neomphaloidea
2187:
2183:
2179:
2177:
2173:
2171:
2167:
2166:
2165:
2162:Superfamily †
2161:
2157:
2156:Sutilizonidae
2153:
2151:
2147:
2145:
2141:
2140:
2139:
2135:
2131:
2127:
2125:
2121:
2119:
2118:Osteopeltidae
2115:
2113:
2109:
2107:
2103:
2101:
2097:
2095:
2091:
2089:
2085:
2084:
2083:
2082:Lepetelloidea
2079:
2075:
2074:Temnotropidae
2071:
2069:
2065:
2064:
2063:
2059:
2055:
2054:Fissurellidae
2051:
2050:
2049:
2045:
2041:
2037:
2035:
2031:
2029:
2025:
2023:
2019:
2018:
2017:
2016:Eotomarioidea
2014:Superfamily †
2013:
2009:
2005:
2003:
1999:
1998:
1997:
1996:Amberleyoidea
1994:Superfamily †
1993:
1989:
1985:
1983:
1979:
1977:
1973:
1972:
1970:
1969:
1966:
1962:
1956:
1952:
1950:
1946:
1944:
1940:
1939:
1938:
1934:
1930:
1926:
1924:
1920:
1918:
1914:
1913:
1912:
1908:
1904:
1900:
1899:
1898:
1894:
1890:
1886:
1885:
1884:
1880:
1879:
1876:
1872:
1866:
1865:Lophospiridae
1862:
1860:
1856:
1855:
1854:
1851:
1847:
1843:
1842:
1841:
1838:
1834:
1830:
1829:
1828:
1825:
1821:
1817:
1815:
1814:Loxonematidae
1811:
1810:
1809:
1806:
1802:
1798:
1796:
1795:Clisospiridae
1792:
1791:
1790:
1787:
1783:
1779:
1777:
1773:
1771:
1767:
1765:
1761:
1759:
1755:
1753:
1749:
1747:
1743:
1741:
1737:
1735:
1731:
1729:
1725:
1723:
1719:
1717:
1713:
1711:
1707:
1705:
1701:
1700:
1698:
1697:
1696:
1690:
1684:
1680:
1679:
1678:
1677:Macluritoidea
1675:
1671:
1667:
1665:
1661:
1659:
1655:
1653:
1652:Helicotomidae
1649:
1647:
1643:
1642:
1641:
1640:Euomphaloidea
1638:
1637:
1633:
1627:
1623:
1621:
1617:
1615:
1611:
1609:
1608:Pterothecidae
1605:
1603:
1599:
1597:
1593:
1591:
1587:
1586:
1585:
1584:
1580:
1574:
1570:
1568:
1567:Stenothecidae
1564:
1562:
1558:
1557:
1556:
1553:
1549:
1548:Igarkiellidae
1545:
1543:
1542:Coreospiridae
1539:
1537:
1533:
1532:
1531:
1528:
1524:
1520:
1518:
1517:Pelagiellidae
1514:
1513:
1512:
1509:
1505:
1501:
1499:
1495:
1494:
1493:
1490:
1486:
1482:
1480:
1476:
1474:
1470:
1468:
1464:
1462:
1458:
1457:
1455:
1454:
1450:
1446:
1444:
1442:
1439:(Existing as
1434:
1431:
1429:
1422:
1410:
1406:
1404:
1400:
1398:
1394:
1393:
1392:
1388:
1386:
1382:
1381:
1380:
1376:
1374:
1370:
1369:
1368:
1364:
1352:
1348:
1346:
1342:
1340:
1336:
1335:
1334:
1333:Cladobranchia
1330:
1328:
1324:
1323:
1322:
1318:
1316:
1315:Euctenidiacea
1312:
1311:
1310:
1306:
1304:
1300:
1299:
1298:
1294:
1292:
1288:
1286:
1282:
1280:
1276:
1274:
1273:Acochlidiacea
1270:
1268:
1267:Aplysiomorpha
1264:
1262:
1258:
1256:
1252:
1250:
1249:Cephalaspidea
1246:
1245:
1244:
1240:
1238:
1234:
1233:
1232:
1228:
1222:
1221:Neogastropoda
1218:
1216:
1212:
1210:
1206:
1205:
1204:
1200:
1198:
1194:
1192:
1188:
1185:
1184:
1183:
1179:
1175:
1171:
1169:
1165:
1162:
1161:
1160:
1156:
1154:
1150:
1148:
1144:
1142:
1138:
1135:
1134:
1133:
1125:
1124:
1116:
1115:
1107:
1106:
1098:
1097:
1089:
1088:
1080:
1079:
1076:
1075:
1069:
1068:
1065:
1064:
1061:
1060:
1054:
1053:
1050:
1049:
1046:
1045:
1039:
1038:
1031:
1027:
1026:
1023:
1022:
1019:
1018:
1012:
1011:
1004:
1000:
999:
996:
995:
992:
991:
985:
984:
978:
975:
974:
971:
970:
962:
961:
953:
952:
944:
943:
935:
934:
926:
925:
922:
921:
915:
914:
911:
910:
907:
906:
900:
899:
896:
895:
892:
891:
885:
884:
877:
876:Cladobranchia
873:
872:
869:
868:
865:
864:
858:
857:
850:
846:
845:
842:
841:
838:
837:
836:Euctenidiacea
831:
830:
823:
819:
818:
815:
814:
811:
810:
804:
803:
796:
792:
791:
788:
787:
784:
783:
777:
776:
773:
772:
769:
768:
762:
761:
758:
757:
754:
753:
747:
746:
743:
742:
739:
738:
737:Acochlidiacea
732:
731:
728:
727:
724:
723:
722:Aplysiomorpha
717:
716:
713:
712:
709:
708:
704:
698:
697:
694:
693:
690:
689:
685:
679:
678:
675:
674:
671:
670:
669:Cephalaspidea
664:
663:
656:
652:
651:
648:
647:
644:
643:
637:
636:
630:
627:
626:
623:
622:
614:
613:
605:
604:
601:
600:
599:Neogastropoda
594:
593:
590:
589:
586:
585:
579:
578:
575:
574:
571:
570:
564:
563:
556:
552:
551:
548:
547:
544:
543:
537:
536:
533:
532:
529:
528:
522:
521:
518:
517:
514:
509:
508:
501:
497:
496:
493:
492:
484:
483:
480:
479:
473:
472:
469:
468:
465:
464:
457:
456:
453:
452:
449:
444:
443:
437:
434:
433:
430:
429:
426:
425:
419:
418:
415:
414:
411:
410:
404:
403:
400:
399:
396:
395:
389:
388:
385:
384:
381:
376:
375:
372:
371:
368:
363:
362:
356:
355:
351:
349:
341:
339:
337:
332:
330:
326:
322:
317:
315:
311:
306:
304:
300:
296:
291:
287:
283:
278:
276:
272:
268:
264:
260:
256:
252:
248:
244:
243:morphological
240:
236:
232:
228:
224:
219:
217:
213:
209:
205:
204:
199:
194:
192:
188:
184:
180:
176:
172:
168:
167:malacologists
160:
158:
154:
152:
146:
144:
140:
136:
132:
128:
124:
120:
116:
112:
108:
103:
101:
97:
93:
89:
85:
81:
77:
72:
70:
69:
64:
60:
56:
52:
48:
45:
41:
38:
34:
30:
26:
22:
7349:
7330:. Retrieved
7323:the original
7300:
7286:cite journal
7259:
7252:
7241:Rocroi J.-P.
7203:
7199:
7192:
7129:Monadeniidae
7049:Superfamily
7043:Philomycidae
7005:Superfamily
6998:
6996:
6959:Superfamily
6933:Superfamily
6919:Superfamily
6893:Superfamily
6835:Superfamily
6821:Superfamily
6807:Superfamily
6784:Superfamily
6760:Endodontidae
6722:Superfamily
6696:Superfamily
6652:Superfamily
6614:Streptaxidae
6606:Superfamily
6592:Superfamily
6566:Superfamily
6552:Superfamily
6522:Achatinoidea
6520:Superfamily
6502:Megaspiridae
6478:Orthalicidae
6470:Superfamily
6446:Clausiliidae
6438:Superfamily
6408:Superfamily
6402:Vertiginidae
6342:Chondrinidae
6322:Superfamily
6302:Superfamily
6288:Superfamily
6268:Superfamily
6244:Superfamily
6232:Succineoidea
6230:Superfamily
6224:Elasmognatha
6216:
6212:
6209:Elasmognatha
6208:
6206:
6178:Superfamily
6166:Onchidioidea
6164:Superfamily
6135:Superfamily
6115:Superfamily
6101:Superfamily
6095:
6091:
6089:
6063:Planorboidea
6061:Superfamily
6047:Superfamily
6035:Acroloxoidea
6033:Superfamily
6013:Superfamily
5983:Superfamily
5977:Amphibolidae
5969:Superfamily
5963:
5961:
5949:
5945:
5943:
5905:Aeolidioidea
5903:Superfamily
5897:Tergipedidae
5885:Eubranchidae
5865:Superfamily
5844:Superfamily
5816:Phylliroidae
5804:Hancockiidae
5774:Tritonioidea
5772:Superfamily
5766:Dendronotida
5742:Superfamily
5678:Charcotiidae
5667:
5664:Dendronotida
5663:
5659:
5657:
5636:Doridoxoidea
5634:Superfamily
5619:
5615:
5613:
5608:Actenidiacea
5554:Polyceroidea
5552:Superfamily
5526:Superfamily
5508:Phyllidiidae
5500:Superfamily
5468:Superfamily
5444:Superfamily
5430:
5426:
5424:
5419:Holohepatica
5394:
5390:
5388:
5384:Nudibranchia
5366:Superfamily
5336:Umbraculidae
5328:Superfamily
5304:Superfamily
5268:Superfamily
5242:Superfamily
5206:Superfamily
5168:Superfamily
5154:Superfamily
5142:Parhedylidae
5118:Hedylopsidae
5110:Superfamily
5096:Superfamily
5072:Superfamily
5058:Superfamily
5031:Hydromylidae
5023:Superfamily
4991:Superfamily
4957:Cymbulioidea
4955:Superfamily
4937:Cavoliniidae
4929:Superfamily
4899:Superfamily
4849:Superfamily
4825:Haminoeoidea
4823:Superfamily
4805:Diaphanoidea
4803:Superfamily
4789:Superfamily
4774:
4770:
4766:
4762:
4758:
4754:
4750:
4746:
4742:
4740:
4700:Superfamily
4680:Superfamily
4674:Rissoellidae
4666:Superfamily
4660:Ringiculidae
4652:Superfamily
4620:Superfamily
4608:Omalogyridae
4600:Superfamily
4594:Nerinellidae
4588:Ceritellidae
4574:Superfamily
4568:Trachoecidae
4562:Tofanellidae
4532:Mathildoidea
4530:Superfamily
4516:Superfamily
4490:Superfamily
4452:Superfamily
4380:
4376:
4372:
4370:
4348:Superfamily
4312:Clavatulidae
4298:Superfamily
4278:Superfamily
4258:Superfamily
4186:Babyloniidae
4172:Superfamily
4166:Melongenidae
4128:Superfamily
4110:Speightiidae
4053:Triphoroidea
4051:Superfamily
4031:Superfamily
4025:Nystiellidae
4007:Epitonioidea
4005:Superfamily
3983:Xenophoridae
3975:Superfamily
3961:Superfamily
3943:Velutinoidea
3941:Superfamily
3929:Hipponicidae
3911:Vanikoroidea
3909:Superfamily
3859:Superfamily
3847:Thersiteidae
3797:Superfamily
3695:Cochliopidae
3665:Assimineidae
3659:Anabathridae
3639:Superfamily
3633:Carinariidae
3607:Superfamily
3593:Superfamily
3575:Skeneopsidae
3569:Purpurinidae
3545:Littorinidae
3537:Superfamily
3523:Superfamily
3503:Superfamliy
3477:Superfamily
3463:Superfamily
3449:Superfamily
3403:
3399:
3395:
3393:
3379:Trypanaxidae
3367:Ampullinidae
3361:Campanilidae
3353:Superfamily
3297:
3282:Popenellidae
3240:Melanopsidae
3222:Lanascalidae
3210:Eustomatidae
3168:Cerithioidea
3166:Superfamily
3137:Sorbeoconcha
3115:Viviparoidea
3113:Superfamily
3083:Ferussinidae
3051:Superfamily
3031:Superfamily
2956:Subulitoidea
2954:Superfamily
2934:Superfamily
2916:Chuchlinidae
2904:Peruneloidea
2902:Superfamily
2876:Superfamily
2856:Superfamily
2850:Soleniscidae
2838:Acteoninidae
2830:Superfamily
2825:Wenz, 1938 †
2815:Superfamily
2797:Plicatusidae
2792:Thiele, 1925
2779:
2776:Sorbeoconcha
2775:
2771:
2769:
2747:Superfamily
2711:Neritopsidae
2703:Superfamily
2677:Superfamily
2671:Hydrocenidae
2663:Superfamily
2645:Neritiliidae
2621:Helicinoidea
2619:Superfamily
2569:Superfamily
2555:Superfamily
2535:Superfamily
2523:Nerrhenoidea
2521:Superfamily
2498:
2494:
2488:
2483:Neritimorpha
2467:Cocculinidae
2459:Superfamily
2423:Superfamily
2399:Proconulidae
2361:Superfamily
2337:Seguenziidae
2329:Superfamily
2309:Superfamily
2285:Porcelliidae
2215:Superfamily
2197:Neomphalidae
2188:Superfamily
2182:Hormotomidae
2136:Superfamily
2130:Pyropeltidae
2094:Addisoniidae
2088:Lepetellidae
2080:Superfamily
2060:Superfamily
2046:Superfamily
2022:Eotomariidae
2002:Amberleyidae
1955:Lepetopsidae
1935:Superfamily
1909:Superfamily
1895:Superfamily
1881:Superfamily
1827:Ophiletoidea
1704:Anomphalidae
1694:
1683:Macluritidae
1646:Euomphalidae
1620:Tremanotidae
1602:Euphemitidae
1590:Bucanellidae
1530:Scenelloidea
1523:Aldanellidae
1438:
1426:
1397:Elasmognatha
1345:Dendronotida
1309:Nudibranchia
1197:Sorbeoconcha
1159:Neritimorpha
1131:
1072:
1057:
1044:Elasmognatha
1042:
1015:
988:
918:
905:Dendronotida
903:
888:
861:
834:
822:Nudibranchia
807:
780:
765:
750:
735:
720:
701:
682:
667:
640:
597:
582:
567:
542:Sorbeoconcha
540:
525:
512:
476:
460:
447:
436:Neritimorpha
422:
407:
392:
379:
366:
345:
333:
318:
307:
303:polyphyletic
299:paraphyletic
279:
220:
201:
195:
187:tree of life
179:evolutionary
164:
155:
147:
127:Neritimorpha
104:
73:
66:
20:
18:
7350:Malacologia
7254:Malacologia
7200:Malacologia
7141:Polygyridae
7123:Hygromiidae
6953:Urocyclidae
6861:Oxychilidae
6855:Euconulidae
6672:Dorcasiidae
6622:Rhytidoidea
6580:Oleacinidae
6546:Subulinidae
6528:Achatinidae
6514:Urocoptidae
6458:Filholiidae
6452:Anadromidae
6432:Sigmurethra
6396:Valloniidae
6324:Pupilloidea
6270:Partuloidea
6262:Orthurethra
6238:Succineidae
6217:Sigmurethra
6213:Orthurethra
6172:Onchidiidae
6157:Gymnomorpha
6137:Ellobioidea
6129:Smeagolidae
6085:Eupulmonata
6069:Planorbidae
6049:Lymnaeoidea
6041:Acroloxidae
6015:Chilinoidea
5997:Acroreiidae
5950:Eupulmonata
5917:Facelinidae
5911:Aeolidiidae
5822:Scyllaeidae
5810:Lomanotidae
5792:Bornellidae
5780:Tritoniidae
5714:Madrellidae
5642:Doridoxidae
5567:Aegiretidae
5561:Polyceridae
5520:Mandeliidae
5342:Tylodinidae
5322:Umbraculida
5256:Boselliidae
5060:Aplysioidea
4985:Gymnosomata
4963:Cymbuliidae
4943:Limacinidae
4923:Thecosomata
4901:Runcinoidea
4887:Plusculidae
4869:Cylichnidae
4851:Philinoidea
4837:Bullactidae
4831:Haminoeidae
4811:Diaphanidae
4763:Umbraculida
4751:Gymnosomata
4747:Thecosomata
4702:Valvatoidea
4634:Amathinidae
4614:Studraxidae
4576:Nerineoidea
4538:Mathildidae
4472:Aplustridae
4454:Acteonoidea
4272:Olivellidae
4198:Cystiscidae
4160:Nassariidae
4130:Buccinoidea
4059:Triphoridae
4019:Janthinidae
4013:Epitoniidae
3999:Ptenoglossa
3963:Vermetoidea
3949:Velutinidae
3917:Vanikoridae
3835:Seraphsidae
3823:Pugnellidae
3811:Aporrhaidae
3799:Stromboidea
3743:Iravadiidae
3731:Hydrobiidae
3707:Emblandidae
3677:Bithyniidae
3671:Barleeiidae
3653:Amnicolidae
3587:Zerotulidae
3505:Cypraeoidea
3404:Ptenoglossa
3319:Scaliolidae
3288:Potamididae
3264:Paludomidae
3216:Ladinulidae
3192:Cassiopidae
3174:Cerithiidae
3121:Viviparidae
3089:Maizaniidae
3009:Provannidae
2962:Subulitidae
2922:Imoglobidae
2910:Perunelidae
2896:Pithodeidae
2790:Lyocyclidae
2639:Deianiridae
2627:Helicinidae
2529:Nerrhenidae
2425:Turbinoidea
2387:Eucochlidae
2355:Laubellidae
2062:Haliotoidea
2034:Luciellidae
1982:Pendromidae
1949:Daminilidae
1897:Nacelloidea
1883:Patelloidea
1833:Ophiletidae
1782:Sinuopeidae
1728:Isospiridae
1573:Trenellidae
1536:Scenellidae
1409:Sigmurethra
1403:Orthurethra
1379:Eupulmonata
1291:Umbraculida
1261:Gymnosomata
1255:Thecosomata
1215:Ptenoglossa
1074:Sigmurethra
1059:Orthurethra
1003:Eupulmonata
782:Umbraculida
707:Gymnosomata
688:Thecosomata
584:Ptenoglossa
321:nomenclator
286:superfamily
203:Malacologia
143:land snails
111:superfamily
68:Malacologia
61:, and from
7361:Categories
7269:3925919724
7237:Bouchet P.
7185:References
7069:Camaenidae
7051:Helicoidea
7037:Oopeltidae
7031:Binneyidae
7019:Anadenidae
7007:Arionoidea
6985:Vitrinidae
6961:Limacoidea
6921:Zonitoidea
6823:Dyakioidea
6742:Charopidae
6724:Punctoidea
6710:Corillidae
6666:Caryodidae
6628:Rhytididae
6586:Spiraxidae
6554:Aillyoidea
6484:Cerionidae
6422:Cerastidae
6330:Pupillidae
6316:Amastridae
6276:Partulidae
6143:Ellobiidae
6055:Lymnaeidae
6021:Chilinidae
6007:Hygrophila
5964:Hygrophila
5828:Tethydidae
5786:Aranucidae
5744:Arminoidea
5736:Euarminida
5720:Pinufiidae
5660:Euarminida
5604:Dexiarchia
5594:Okadaiidae
5540:Corambidae
5470:Doridoidea
5405:Rhodopidae
5395:Dexiarchia
5352:Nudipleura
5288:Hermaeidae
5208:Oxynooidea
5192:Sacoglossa
5148:Tantulidae
5066:Aplysiidae
5005:Cliopsidae
4993:Clionoidea
4975:Peraclidae
4907:Runcinidae
4857:Philinidae
4767:Nudipleura
4759:Sacoglossa
4708:Valvatidae
4582:Nerineidae
4478:Bullinidae
4460:Acteonidae
4336:Terebridae
4318:Drilliidae
4174:Muricoidea
4136:Buccinidae
4122:Weeksiidae
4104:Sarganidae
4033:Eulimoidea
3969:Vermetidae
3935:Omalaxidae
3897:Ranellidae
3885:Personidae
3805:Strombidae
3689:Calopiidae
3641:Rissooidea
3621:Atlantidae
3595:Naticoidea
3563:Pomatiidae
3511:Cypraeidae
3465:Capuloidea
3335:valid name
3299:Argyropeza
3270:Planaxidae
3234:Maoraxidae
3228:Litiopidae
3065:Aciculidae
2844:Anozygidae
2697:Pileolidae
2679:Neritoidea
2491:Palaeozoic
2431:Turbinidae
2363:Trochoidea
2349:Eucyclidae
2323:Anatomidae
2068:Haliotidae
1976:Ataphridae
1911:Lottioidea
1903:Nacellidae
1889:Patellidae
1722:Holopeidae
1614:Sinuitidae
1596:Bucaniidae
1339:Euarminida
1321:Dexiarchia
1297:Nudipleura
1279:Sacoglossa
890:Euarminida
849:Dexiarchia
795:Nudipleura
752:Sacoglossa
314:hypothesis
251:protoconch
239:cladistics
171:biologists
139:nudibranch
59:freshwater
7278:0076-2997
7245:Ponder W.
7075:Cepolidae
7057:Helicidae
7013:Arionidae
6967:Limacidae
6927:Zonitidae
6907:Milacidae
6849:Chronidae
6829:Dyakiidae
6786:Sagdoidea
6734:† Family
6730:Punctidae
6654:Acavoidea
6560:Aillyidae
6494:† Family
6462:† Family
6456:† Family
6450:† Family
6360:Orculidae
6354:Lauriidae
6346:† Family
6260:Subclade
6222:Subclade
6117:Otinoidea
5995:† Family
5939:Pulmonata
5923:Glaucidae
5867:Fionoidea
5838:Aeolidida
5836:Subclade
5764:Subclade
5750:Arminidae
5734:Subclade
5684:Dironidae
5668:Aeolidida
5575:Aegiridae
5476:Dorididae
5462:Doridacea
5460:Subclade
5436:Subclade
5431:Doridacea
5382:Subclade
5358:Subclade
5234:Subclade
5214:Oxynoidae
5200:Oxynoacea
5198:Subclade
5124:Ganitidae
5074:Akeroidea
5051:Anaspidea
4999:Clionidae
4947:† Family
4893:Retusidae
4863:Aglajidae
4791:Bulloidea
4724:† Family
4692:† Family
4686:† Family
4638:† Family
4612:† Family
4592:† Family
4586:† Family
4580:† Family
4566:† Family
4560:† Family
4554:† Family
4548:† Family
4542:† Family
4508:† Family
4502:† Family
4482:† Family
4464:† Family
4426:† Family
4420:† Family
4414:† Family
4408:† Family
4381:Pulmonata
4260:Olivoidea
4246:Volutidae
4220:† Family
4180:Muricidae
4120:† Family
4116:Taiomidae
4114:† Family
4108:† Family
4102:† Family
4096:† Family
4090:† Family
4045:Aclididae
4039:Eulimidae
3987:† Family
3955:Triviidae
3933:† Family
3861:Tonnoidea
3851:† Family
3845:† Family
3821:† Family
3815:† Family
3765:† Family
3753:† Family
3713:Epigridae
3647:Rissoidae
3625:† Family
3601:Naticidae
3579:† Family
3567:† Family
3549:† Family
3471:Capulidae
3431:† Family
3425:† Family
3419:† Family
3413:† Family
3377:† Family
3341:Thiaridae
3329:† Family
3311:† Family
3305:† Family
3292:† Family
3280:† Family
3252:Modulidae
3244:† Family
3232:† Family
3220:† Family
3214:† Family
3208:† Family
3190:† Family
3184:† Family
3158:† Family
3152:† Family
3146:† Family
3125:† Family
3107:Pupinidae
3081:† Family
3043:† Family
3013:† Family
3001:† Family
2995:† Family
2983:† Family
2966:† Family
2960:† Family
2946:† Family
2940:† Family
2926:† Family
2920:† Family
2914:† Family
2908:† Family
2894:† Family
2888:† Family
2882:† Family
2868:† Family
2862:† Family
2848:† Family
2842:† Family
2836:† Family
2807:† Family
2801:† Family
2795:† Family
2753:† Family
2733:† Family
2727:† Family
2721:† Family
2715:† Family
2695:† Family
2685:Neritidae
2637:† Family
2631:† Family
2601:† Family
2595:† Family
2575:† Family
2561:† Family
2549:Tubinidae
2547:† Family
2541:† Family
2527:† Family
2513:† Family
2507:† Family
2437:Liotiidae
2415:† Family
2409:† Family
2397:† Family
2391:† Family
2385:† Family
2379:† Family
2369:Trochidae
2353:† Family
2347:† Family
2301:† Family
2295:† Family
2289:† Family
2283:† Family
2271:Zygitidae
2269:† Family
2263:† Family
2257:† Family
2251:† Family
2245:† Family
2239:† Family
2233:† Family
2227:† Family
2180:† Family
2174:† Family
2168:† Family
2072:† Family
2038:† Family
2032:† Family
2026:† Family
2020:† Family
2006:† Family
2000:† Family
1986:† Family
1953:† Family
1947:† Family
1929:Lepetidae
1923:Acmaeidae
1917:Lottiidae
1433:Paleozoic
1367:Pulmonata
1351:Aeolidida
977:Pulmonata
920:Aeolidida
703:Pteropoda
684:Pteropoda
348:cladogram
295:monophyly
267:molecular
208:W. Ponder
183:organisms
175:phylogeny
63:saltwater
44:taxonomic
37:gastropod
7220:91051256
7173:See also
7087:Elonidae
6792:Sagdidae
6754:Discidae
6660:Acavidae
6336:Argnidae
6123:Otinidae
6075:Physidae
6027:Latiidae
5879:Calmidae
5873:Fionidae
5708:Heroidae
5220:Juliidae
5080:Akeridae
4913:Ilbiidae
4797:Bullidae
4342:Turridae
4300:Conoidea
4266:Olividae
4216:Mitridae
4204:Harpidae
3903:Cassidae
3873:Bursidae
3867:Tonnidae
3785:Tornidae
3683:Caecidae
3525:Ficoidea
3517:Ovulidae
3333:- not a
3198:Dialidae
2291:Cirridae
1423:Taxonomy
290:Linnaean
198:taxonomy
40:mollusks
7163:Family
7157:Family
7151:Family
7145:Family
7139:Family
7133:Family
7127:Family
7121:Family
7115:Family
7109:Family
7103:Family
7097:Family
7091:Family
7085:Family
7079:Family
7073:Family
7067:Family
7061:Family
7055:Family
7041:Family
7035:Family
7029:Family
7023:Family
7017:Family
7011:Family
6983:Family
6977:Family
6971:Family
6965:Family
6951:Family
6945:Family
6939:Family
6925:Family
6911:Family
6905:Family
6899:Family
6871:Family
6865:Family
6859:Family
6853:Family
6847:Family
6841:Family
6827:Family
6813:Family
6790:Family
6776:Family
6770:Family
6764:Family
6758:Family
6752:Family
6746:Family
6740:Family
6728:Family
6714:Family
6708:Family
6702:Family
6688:Family
6682:Family
6676:Family
6670:Family
6664:Family
6658:Family
6644:Family
6638:Family
6632:Family
6626:Family
6612:Family
6598:Family
6584:Family
6578:Family
6572:Family
6558:Family
6544:Family
6538:Family
6532:Family
6526:Family
6512:Family
6506:Family
6500:Family
6488:Family
6482:Family
6476:Family
6444:Family
6420:Family
6414:Family
6410:Enoidea
6400:Family
6394:Family
6388:Family
6382:Family
6376:Family
6370:Family
6364:Family
6358:Family
6352:Family
6340:Family
6334:Family
6328:Family
6314:Family
6308:Family
6294:Family
6280:Family
6274:Family
6250:Family
6236:Family
6190:Family
6184:Family
6170:Family
6141:Family
6127:Family
6121:Family
6107:Family
6073:Family
6067:Family
6053:Family
6039:Family
6025:Family
6019:Family
5989:Family
5975:Family
5927:Family
5921:Family
5915:Family
5909:Family
5895:Family
5889:Family
5883:Family
5877:Family
5871:Family
5857:Family
5851:Family
5826:Family
5820:Family
5814:Family
5808:Family
5802:Family
5796:Family
5790:Family
5784:Family
5778:Family
5754:Family
5748:Family
5724:Family
5718:Family
5712:Family
5706:Family
5700:Family
5694:Family
5690:Dotidae
5688:Family
5682:Family
5676:Family
5640:Family
5592:Family
5586:Family
5580:Family
5565:Family
5559:Family
5544:Family
5538:Family
5532:Family
5518:Family
5512:Family
5506:Family
5492:Family
5486:Family
5480:Family
5474:Family
5450:Family
5403:Family
5372:Family
5340:Family
5334:Family
5310:Family
5286:Family
5280:Family
5274:Family
5260:Family
5254:Family
5248:Family
5224:Family
5218:Family
5212:Family
5180:Family
5174:Family
5160:Family
5146:Family
5140:Family
5134:Family
5128:Family
5122:Family
5116:Family
5102:Family
5078:Family
5064:Family
5035:Family
5029:Family
5015:Family
5009:Family
5003:Family
4997:Family
4973:Family
4967:Family
4961:Family
4941:Family
4935:Family
4911:Family
4905:Family
4891:Family
4885:Family
4879:Family
4873:Family
4867:Family
4861:Family
4855:Family
4841:Family
4835:Family
4829:Family
4815:Family
4809:Family
4795:Family
4718:Family
4712:Family
4706:Family
4672:Family
4658:Family
4644:Family
4632:Family
4626:Family
4606:Family
4536:Family
4522:Family
4496:Family
4476:Family
4470:Family
4458:Family
4444:Family
4438:Family
4432:Family
4404:Cimidae
4402:Family
4354:Family
4340:Family
4334:Family
4328:Family
4322:Family
4316:Family
4310:Family
4306:Conidae
4304:Family
4290:Family
4284:Family
4270:Family
4264:Family
4250:Family
4244:Family
4238:Family
4232:Family
4226:Family
4214:Family
4208:Family
4202:Family
4196:Family
4190:Family
4184:Family
4178:Family
4164:Family
4158:Family
4152:Family
4146:Family
4140:Family
4134:Family
4069:Family
4063:Family
4057:Family
4043:Family
4037:Family
4023:Family
4017:Family
4011:Family
3981:Family
3967:Family
3953:Family
3947:Family
3927:Family
3921:Family
3915:Family
3901:Family
3895:Family
3889:Family
3883:Family
3877:Family
3871:Family
3865:Family
3839:Family
3833:Family
3827:Family
3809:Family
3803:Family
3789:Family
3783:Family
3777:Family
3771:Family
3759:Family
3747:Family
3741:Family
3735:Family
3729:Family
3723:Family
3717:Family
3711:Family
3705:Family
3699:Family
3693:Family
3687:Family
3681:Family
3675:Family
3669:Family
3663:Family
3657:Family
3651:Family
3645:Family
3631:Family
3619:Family
3613:Family
3599:Family
3585:Family
3573:Family
3561:Family
3555:Family
3543:Family
3531:Ficidae
3529:Family
3515:Family
3509:Family
3495:Family
3489:Family
3483:Family
3469:Family
3455:Family
3371:Family
3365:Family
3359:Family
3345:Family
3339:Family
3323:Family
3317:Family
3286:Family
3274:Family
3268:Family
3262:Family
3256:Family
3250:Family
3238:Family
3226:Family
3202:Family
3196:Family
3178:Family
3172:Family
3119:Family
3105:Family
3099:Family
3093:Family
3087:Family
3075:Family
3069:Family
3063:Family
3057:Family
3037:Family
3007:Family
2989:Family
2788:Family
2739:Family
2709:Family
2689:Family
2683:Family
2669:Family
2655:Family
2649:Family
2643:Family
2625:Family
2471:Family
2465:Family
2441:Family
2435:Family
2429:Family
2403:Family
2373:Family
2367:Family
2341:Family
2335:Family
2321:Family
2315:Family
2221:Family
2207:Family
2201:Family
2195:Family
2154:Family
2148:Family
2142:Family
2128:Family
2122:Family
2116:Family
2110:Family
2104:Family
2098:Family
2092:Family
2086:Family
2066:Family
2052:Family
1980:Family
1974:Family
1941:Family
1927:Family
1921:Family
1915:Family
1901:Family
1887:Family
1441:fossils
1166:Clade †
1032:
1005:
878:
851:
824:
797:
657:
557:
502:
255:anatomy
237:, (see
161:Context
7332:13 May
7276:
7266:
7218:
6416:Enidae
6200:Clade
6151:Clade
6083:Clade
6005:Clade
5650:Clade
5625:Clade
5602:Clade
5413:Clade
5350:Clade
5320:Clade
5296:Group
5190:Clade
5088:Group
5045:Clade
4983:Clade
4921:Clade
4781:Clade
4364:Clade
4079:Clade
3441:Clade
3387:Clade
3135:Clade
2763:Clade
2611:Clade
2585:Clade
2481:Clade
2451:Clade
1963:Clade
1873:Clade
1443:only)
1401:Clade
1395:Clade
1389:Clade
1383:Clade
1377:Clade
1349:Clade
1343:Clade
1337:Clade
1331:Clade
1325:Clade
1319:Clade
1313:Clade
1307:Clade
1301:Clade
1295:Clade
1289:Clade
1283:Group
1277:Clade
1271:Group
1265:Clade
1259:Clade
1253:Clade
1247:Clade
1229:Clade
1219:Clade
1207:Clade
1201:Clade
1195:Clade
1180:Clade
1172:Clade
1157:Clade
1151:Clade
1145:Clade
1139:Clade
1028:
1001:
874:
847:
820:
793:
653:
553:
498:
310:fossil
282:clades
259:radula
231:clades
133:, and
76:clades
51:snails
7326:(PDF)
7319:(PDF)
7216:S2CID
4390:" (=
2975:grade
1428:one.
325:genus
247:shell
177:(the
107:class
96:order
92:taxon
55:slugs
47:class
7334:2018
7292:link
7274:ISSN
7264:ISBN
6094:and
5666:and
5618:and
5429:and
5393:and
4773:and
4379:and
2778:and
2497:and
329:ICZN
273:and
235:taxa
189:, a
53:and
27:and
19:The
7208:doi
6999:not
6155:(=
5606:(=
5417:(=
5049:(=
275:RNA
271:DNA
233:as
35:of
7363::
7288:}}
7284:{{
7272:.
7260:47
7258:.
7251:.
7239:,
7228:^
7214:.
7204:61
7202:.
6211:,
5662:,
4777:.
4765:,
4761:,
4757:,
4753:,
4749:,
4745:,
4375:,
3406:.
3398:,
1863:†
1857:†
1844:†
1831:†
1818:†
1812:†
1799:†
1793:†
1780:†
1774:†
1768:†
1762:†
1756:†
1750:†
1744:†
1738:†
1732:†
1726:†
1720:†
1714:†
1708:†
1702:†
1681:†
1668:†
1662:†
1656:†
1650:†
1644:†
1624:†
1618:†
1612:†
1606:†
1600:†
1594:†
1588:†
1571:†
1565:†
1559:†
1546:†
1540:†
1534:†
1521:†
1515:†
1502:†
1496:†
1483:†
1477:†
1471:†
1465:†
1459:†
705::
686::
461:†
338:.
331:.
316:.
214:.
193:.
153:.
129:,
125:,
121:,
117:,
102:.
7336:.
7294:)
7280:.
7222:.
7210::
6159:)
5610:)
5577:.
5421:)
5053:)
4394:)
1451:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.