179:(632–633) and the lower Euphrates in modern Iraq afterward. The Taym Allah tribesmen are mentioned as being among the fighters of Abjar ibn Bujayr of the Ijl, who backed the rebellion of the pro-Sasanian al-Hutam from the Qays ibn Tha'laba in eastern Arabia during the Ridda. They are then found in the ranks of the Christian Ijl chief Abu al-Aswad when he and a local Sasanian garrison fought the Muslims at the
269:. With all of the Bakrite tribesmen of Khurasan, Aws ibn Tha'laba held out in Herat for a year before being slain. The Umayyads reasserted control over the Caliphate by 692. In the eastern provinces, the Taym Allah tribesmen Tayhan ibn Abjar is mentioned as the first person to have renounced the authority of Caliph
150:
literature, which referred to the battle-days of the pre-Islamic Arab tribes. However, as a component of the
Lahazim, they probably participated in its battles against the Tamim. In any case, they did not fight with any distinction or provide important battle leaders to the alliance in those
94:
The Taym Allah were originally called 'Taym Allat' after their eponymous progenitor, a son of Tha'laba ibn Ukaba ibn Sa'b ibn Ali ibn Bakr ibn Wa'il. The name may have been altered to 'Taym Allah' after their embrace of
Christianity or Islam as
78:. They fought against the Muslims during the conquest of Iraq, but afterward embraced Islam and eventually, a number of their tribesmen held important military positions in the eastern provinces of the
66:
confederation. They were a relatively minor branch and most of their pre-Islamic history pertains to their role in the
Lahazim alliance of Bakrite tribes in the alliance's conflicts with the
146:
never fought against the
Lahazim, and at times, fought alongside the Lahazim in the battles with the Tamim, The Taym Allah are rarely mentioned specifically in the Arabic
689:
The
History of al-Ṭabarī, Volume XXIII: The Zenith of the Marwānid House: The Last Years of ʿAbd al-Malik and the Caliphate of al-Walīd, A.D. 700–715/A.H. 81–95
175:
The Taym Allah, and the largely
Christian, core tribes of the Lahazim in general, appear to have fought against the Muslim conquests of eastern Arabia in the
274:
126:
A relatively minor nomadic tribe on its own, the Taym Allah allied with other
Bakrite tribes, namely its brother tribe, the Banu Qays ibn Tha'laba, and the
281:, cited by al-Tabari. Another poet and chief of the Taym Allah, Nahar ibn Tawsi'a, was a commander in the conquests led by the Umayyad commander
697:
673:
652:
573:
151:
engagements, most of whom were supplied by the Ijl. The Taym Allah are reported to have fought alongside their
Bakrite tribesmen against the
134:
tribe, to form the
Lahazim group. The alliance's purpose was to strengthen these tribes' position against the powerful Bakrite nomads of the
721:
644:
The
History of al-Ṭabarī, Volume XVII: The First Civil War: From the Battle of Siffīn to the Death of ʿAlī, A.D. 656–661/A.H. 36–40
293:) in the early 8th century, despite having earlier mocked Qutayba in verse. Nahar was known as the Bakr's best poet in Khurasan.
599:
233:
Members of the tribe played an increasingly prominent role in the easternmost provinces of the early Caliphate, especially in
250:
100:
616:
559:
203:
726:
550:
186:
The tribe, nonetheless, embraced Islam. A member, Iyas ibn Abd Allah, played a role among the Muslim rebels who
595:
587:
534:
120:
47:
241:. There, a governor and poet from the Taym Allah, Aws ibn Tha'laba ibn Zufar ibn Wadi'a, defended the city of
183:
in Iraq. No members of the tribe are recorded as participants on the Muslim side during the Iraqi conquests.
530:
270:
254:
246:
211:
104:
307:(d. 767), was sometimes given the tribe's epithet, 'al-Taymi', because his grandfather had been a freed
202:, a member of the tribe, Ziyad ibn Khasafa, was a commander who fought against the governor of Syria,
214:. Another member of the tribe, Bahr ibn Ka'b ibn Ubayd Allah, is held by the 10th-century historian
665:
The History of al-Ṭabarī, Volume XIX: The Caliphate of Yazīd ibn Muʿāwiyah, A.D. 680–683/A.H. 60–64
112:
716:
554:
518:
282:
43:
693:
669:
648:
626:
569:
227:
164:
692:. SUNY Series in Near Eastern Studies. Albany, New York: State University of New York Press.
668:. SUNY Series in Near Eastern Studies. Albany, New York: State University of New York Press.
647:. SUNY Series in Near Eastern Studies. Albany, New York: State University of New York Press.
324:(Wadi Taym-Allah) after them. This valley became one of the first places where the heterodox
115:. Although not specified in the early Arabic sources, the Taym Allah's abode was probably in
542:
510:
505:(1980). "The Bakr B. Wā'il Tribes and Politics in Northeastern Arabia on the Eve of Islam".
234:
207:
180:
538:
266:
187:
160:
75:
611:
603:
583:
546:
316:
A small part of the Taym Allah eventually settled in the valley at the western foot of
219:
116:
55:
710:
638:
607:
591:
262:
683:
321:
317:
135:
83:
687:
663:
642:
138:, or more likely, to better defend themselves against the large nomadic tribe of
502:
286:
278:
304:
290:
176:
143:
139:
67:
630:
329:
215:
108:
79:
63:
59:
238:
223:
156:
127:
71:
17:
522:
300:
152:
297:
191:
514:
142:, specifically its Banu Yarbu division. The Shayban and the Bakrite
123:, like many Bakrites, before the advent of Islam in the 620s–630s.
325:
309:
258:
242:
131:
96:
458:
456:
454:
452:
352:
350:
348:
346:
344:
195:
51:
199:
253:
in 684–685. At the time, the Caliphate was in middle of the
86:
valley, which is called after them, in modern Lebanon.
379:
377:
462:
356:
8:
218:to have struck and killed a young nephew of
198:-based army of Uthman's caliphal successor,
82:. A small section of the tribe settled the
617:The Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition
560:The Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition
625:. Leiden: E. J. Brill. pp. 123–124.
568:. Leiden: E. J. Brill. pp. 400–401.
275:Abd al-Rahman ibn Muhammad ibn al-Ash'ath
273:and joined the anti-Umayyad rebellion of
486:
431:
340:
245:with distinction against the forces of
443:
419:
407:
395:
383:
368:
90:Origins, abode and pre-Islamic history
474:
289:(the part of Central Asia beyond the
277:in 700-701, according to a report by
7:
303:(Islamic school of jurisprudence),
107:tribe, part of the larger group of
222:, grandson of the Islamic prophet
25:
332:, took root in the 11th century.
261:-based Zubayrid side against the
257:, with Mus'ab representing the
74:, the main Arab vassals of the
662:Howard, I. K. A., ed. (1990).
251:Abd Allah ibn Khazim al-Sulami
46:or before their conversion to
1:
328:faith, which branched out of
320:. The valley became known as
313:(client) of the Taym Allah.
103:. They were a branch of the
159:, Arab client kings of the
743:
722:History of Eastern Arabia
163:, including at the famed
62:valley, belonging to the
121:Monophysite Christianity
101:Arabian polytheistic god
255:Second Muslim Civil War
204:Mu'awiya ibn Abi Sufyan
212:First Muslim Civil War
130:, and the non-Bakrite
410:, pp. 18, 31–32.
38:(also transliterated
30:(also transliterated
463:Levi Della Vida 2000
357:Levi Della Vida 2000
247:Mus'ab ibn al-Zubayr
188:killed Caliph Uthman
109:north Arabian tribes
531:Levi Della Vida, G.
503:Donner, Fred McGraw
330:Isma'ili Shia Islam
296:The founder of the
210:in 657, during the
105:Banu Bakr ibn Wa'il
600:Lévi-Provençal, E.
283:Qutayba ibn Muslim
44:pre-Islamic period
699:978-0-88706-721-1
675:978-0-7914-0040-1
654:978-0-7914-2393-6
575:978-90-04-11211-7
371:, pp. 17–18.
228:Battle of Karbala
165:Battle of Dhi Qar
99:' referred to an
16:(Redirected from
734:
727:Tribes of Arabia
703:
679:
658:
634:
579:
555:Heinrichs, W. P.
526:
490:
484:
478:
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447:
441:
435:
429:
423:
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411:
405:
399:
393:
387:
381:
372:
366:
360:
354:
208:Battle of Siffin
181:Battle of Walaja
119:. They embraced
113:Rabi'a ibn Nizar
21:
742:
741:
737:
736:
735:
733:
732:
731:
707:
706:
700:
682:
676:
661:
655:
637:
582:
576:
547:Bosworth, C. E.
529:
515:10.2307/1595370
507:Studia Islamica
501:
498:
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469:
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418:
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406:
402:
394:
390:
382:
375:
367:
363:
355:
342:
338:
194:in 656. In the
173:
171:Islamic history
161:Sasanian Empire
111:descended from
92:
76:Sasanian Empire
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
740:
738:
730:
729:
724:
719:
709:
708:
705:
704:
698:
686:, ed. (1990).
680:
674:
659:
653:
641:, ed. (1996).
639:Hawting, G. R.
635:
596:Kramers, J. H.
592:Gibb, H. A. R.
580:
574:
551:van Donzel, E.
539:Bearman, P. J.
527:
497:
494:
492:
491:
489:, p. 123.
479:
467:
465:, p. 401.
448:
446:, p. 158.
436:
424:
412:
400:
388:
373:
361:
359:, p. 400.
339:
337:
334:
220:Husayn ibn Ali
172:
169:
117:eastern Arabia
91:
88:
70:tribe and the
58:and the lower
56:eastern Arabia
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
739:
728:
725:
723:
720:
718:
715:
714:
712:
701:
695:
691:
690:
685:
684:Hinds, Martin
681:
677:
671:
667:
666:
660:
656:
650:
646:
645:
640:
636:
632:
628:
624:
620:
618:
613:
609:
605:
601:
597:
593:
589:
585:
581:
577:
571:
567:
563:
561:
556:
552:
548:
544:
543:Bianquis, Th.
540:
536:
532:
528:
524:
520:
516:
512:
508:
504:
500:
499:
495:
488:
483:
480:
476:
471:
468:
464:
459:
457:
455:
453:
449:
445:
440:
437:
434:, p. 18.
433:
428:
425:
422:, p. 32.
421:
416:
413:
409:
404:
401:
398:, p. 28.
397:
392:
389:
386:, p. 17.
385:
380:
378:
374:
370:
365:
362:
358:
353:
351:
349:
347:
345:
341:
335:
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217:
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201:
197:
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149:
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137:
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118:
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106:
102:
98:
89:
87:
85:
81:
77:
73:
69:
65:
61:
57:
53:
49:
45:
41:
37:
33:
29:
19:
688:
664:
643:
622:
615:
588:"Abu Hanifa"
565:
558:
535:"Taym Allah"
509:(51): 5–38.
506:
496:Bibliography
487:Schacht 1960
482:
477:, p. 8.
470:
439:
432:Hawting 1996
427:
415:
403:
391:
364:
322:Wadi al-Taym
318:Mount Hermon
315:
308:
295:
271:Abd al-Malik
232:
185:
174:
147:
136:Banu Shayban
125:
93:
84:Wadi al-Taym
48:Christianity
39:
35:
34:), known as
31:
27:
26:
612:Pellat, Ch.
604:Schacht, J.
584:Schacht, J.
444:Howard 1990
420:Donner 1980
408:Donner 1980
396:Donner 1980
384:Donner 1980
369:Donner 1980
287:Transoxiana
279:Abu Mikhnaf
167:in 611 CE.
711:Categories
475:Hinds 1990
336:References
305:Abu Hanifa
177:Ridda wars
144:Banu Dhuhl
50:, were an
36:Taym Allat
28:Taym Allah
717:Banu Bakr
631:495469456
621:Volume I:
608:Lewis, B.
564:Volume X:
226:, at the
216:al-Tabari
80:Caliphate
64:Banu Bakr
60:Euphrates
54:tribe in
42:) in the
40:Taymallat
32:Taymallah
18:Taymallah
614:(eds.).
586:(1960).
557:(eds.).
533:(2000).
267:Umayyads
239:Sijistan
235:Khurasan
230:in 680.
224:Muhammad
157:Lakhmids
128:Banu Ijl
72:Lakhmids
523:1595370
301:madhhab
265:-based
249:led by
206:at the
155:-based
153:al-Hira
696:
672:
651:
629:
610:&
572:
553:&
521:
298:Hanafi
192:Medina
590:. In
537:. In
519:JSTOR
326:Druze
310:mawla
263:Syria
259:Mecca
243:Herat
148:ayyam
140:Tamim
132:Anaza
97:Allat
68:Tamim
694:ISBN
670:ISBN
649:ISBN
627:OCLC
570:ISBN
291:Oxus
237:and
196:Kufa
52:Arab
623:A–B
566:T–U
511:doi
285:in
200:Ali
190:in
713::
619:.
606:;
602:;
598:;
594:;
562:.
549:;
545:;
541:;
517:.
451:^
376:^
343:^
702:.
678:.
657:.
633:.
578:.
525:.
513::
95:'
20:)
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