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440:. Ceramics from the Tchefuncte culture have been found in sites from eastern Texas to eastern Florida, and from coastal Louisiana to southern Arkansas. Pottery was made by coiling clay into a shape and then smoothing it to form a container. Many shapes of pots were made, characteristically with "footed" bases. Vessels often featured designs created by pressing fingernails, twigs, or tools into the surface. After decorating, the pots were fired by slow baking. The use of a
392:, entitled "The Tchefuncte Culture: An Early Occupation of the Lower Mississippi Valley". This monograph used information from the Tchefuncte site and other Tchefuncte culture sites (e.g., Little Woods (16OR1), Big Oak Island(16OR6), Copell (16VM102), and the Lafayette Mounds(16SM17)), and demonstrated that the site was occupied primarily by Tchefuncte cultural groups (c. 500 BCE to 1 CE) and helped establish Tchefuncte as the type site for the culture.
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354:. The Tchefuncte site originally contained two oval-shaped shell middens, designated Midden A and Midden B. Midden A is about 52 meters long, 15 m wide, and 1.5 m thick. Midden B was approximately 46 m (151 ft) long and 33 m (108 ft) wide, but it is no longer in existence. The middens were composed mainly of shells of the brackish-water clam
419:, but a trade network still existed between the areas now part of Louisiana, western Mississippi, coastal Alabama, eastern Texas, Arkansas, and southeastern Missouri. Their houses were probably temporary circular shelters having a frame of light poles covered with palmetto, thatch, or grass mixed with mud.
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in the pottery to strengthen and keep it from cracking or shrinking unevenly had not yet been developed. The development of ceramic technology led to improved food management, better storage and cooking techniques. Ceramic pots also allowed stewing and other new cooking techniques to be experimented
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The
Tchefuncte Culture people were primarily hunter-gatherers who lived in small hamlets in the Lower Mississippi Valley and Gulf Coast region between 1000 BCE and 200 CE. They lived in coastal areas and lowlands, usually near slow-moving streams. Their main food included a variety of seafoods, such
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2019:
360:. At the time of the occupation just to the east of the site was a large bayou of fresh water emptying into the lake, and shortly after the occupation it shifted its course to a point about three quarters of a mile farther east.
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The site was partially destroyed by commercial dredging before 1938. In 1938 construction crews wanted to use shell from the middens for road construction. Before this was done, Clarence
Johnson, a historian for the
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as clams, alligators, and fish, but surprisingly not crabs or crawfish which were likely to have been available and abundant. They also hunted deer, raccoons, and some migratory birds.
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directed excavation of the north half of Midden B. The south half had already been destroyed by the commercial dredging. Johnson then turned his material and notes over to the
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In 1941 further excavations of Midden B and Midden A were under the direction of Edwin B. Doran, Jr. The results of these investigations were published in 1945 by
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excavated portions of Midden A as part of a field school for the
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The
Tchefuncte culture lasted from 600 BCE until 200 CE. Long-distance trade was much less important than during the preceding
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In 1986, Richard
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The
Tchefuncte culture were the first people in Louisiana to make large amounts of
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Archaeological sites on the
National Register of Historic Places in Louisiana
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2020:
National
Register of Historic Places in St. Tammany Parish, Louisiana
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334:. Major excavations were directed by Clarence Johnson in 1938 and
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The
Tchefuncte site is located in the marsh a half-mile north of
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cultural chronology of North
American archaeological periods
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Archaeological site of the prehistoric Tchefuncte culture
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The site was inhabited from 500 BCE to 1 CE during the
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590:"Louisiana Prehistory-Poverty Point and Tchefuncte"
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197:, Richard Weinstein, Charles Pearson, Dave Davis
759:University of Tennessee Agriculture Farm Mound
661:List of archaeological periods (North America)
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457:, the Tchefuncte culture was preceded by the
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724:Little Maquoketa River Mounds State Preserve
311:. It is located in the southeast section of
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1975:Geography of St. Tammany Parish, Louisiana
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1407:Hopewell Culture National Historical Park
566:"Cedar Mesa Project Louisiana Prehistory"
237:U.S. National Register of Historic Places
2000:Civilian Conservation Corps in Louisiana
479:List and table of archaeological periods
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445:with and developed for the first time.
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504:"National Register Information System"
461:, and was eventually succeeded by the
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509:National Register of Historic Places
405:National Register of Historic Places
281:Responsible body: State of Louisiana
1878:Norse colonization of North America
1985:Shell middens in the United States
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846:Extreme weather events of 535–536
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2005:1938 archaeological discoveries
1898:Southeastern Ceremonial Complex
375:Louisiana Archaeological Survey
307:period. The name is pronounced
60:Location within Louisiana today
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201:, Coastal Environments, Inc.,
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2015:1st-century disestablishments
2010:5th-century BC establishments
535:"The Tchefuncte Site Summary"
1863:Mi'kmaq hieroglyphic writing
1813:Eastern Agricultural Complex
401:Regional Archaeology Program
1247:Bandelier National Monument
1121:List of Mississippian sites
908:Pre-Columbian North America
749:St. Croix River Access Site
475:Mississippi Valley Cultures
371:Civilian Conservation Corps
199:Civilian Conservation Corps
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1667:West Oak Forest Earthlodge
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120:30.3321000°N 90.0259389°W
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1447:Lehner Mammoth-Kill Site
1006:Buttermilk Creek complex
682:Beattie Park Mound Group
313:Fontainebleau State Park
1647:Town Creek Indian Mound
1617:Sierra de San Francisco
1472:Meadowcroft Rockshelter
815:Suwannee Valley culture
125:30.3321000; -90.0259389
1302:Coso Rock Art District
1189:Santa Rosa-Swift Creek
1092:List of Hopewell sites
805:Princess Point complex
785:Clemson Island culture
645:Late Woodland cultures
403:mapped the site for a
1710:Arlington Springs Man
1552:Portsmouth Earthworks
856:Mississippian culture
820:Weeden Island culture
514:National Park Service
459:Poverty Point culture
417:Poverty Point culture
182:Excavation dates
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1382:Gila Cliff Dwellings
1347:Etowah Indian Mounds
851:Fort Ancient culture
303:for the prehistoric
214:Architectural styles
1980:Mounds in Louisiana
1838:Green Corn Ceremony
1652:Turkey River Mounds
1442:Lake Jackson Mounds
1262:Blue Spring Shelter
841:Belle Glade culture
795:Monongahela culture
297:archaeological site
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1597:Rosenstock Village
1467:Marmes Rockshelter
1452:L'Anse aux Meadows
734:Memorial Park Site
463:Marksville culture
411:Tchefuncte culture
348:Lake Pontchartrain
321:St. Tammany Parish
305:Tchefuncte culture
251:less than one acre
193:Clarence Johnson,
171:Tchefuncte culture
77:St. Tammany Parish
18:Tchefuncte culture
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698:Brinsfield I Site
516:. March 13, 2009.
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1730:Leanderthal Lady
1657:Upward Sun River
1632:Stallings Island
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1342:Effigy Mounds
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708:Clampitt Site
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272:June 22, 2000
271:
269:Added to NRHP
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161:Tchula period
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129:
108:30°19′55.56″N
101:
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78:
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67:
47:
38:
30:
19:
1928:Water glyphs
1883:Oasisamerica
1873:N.A.G.P.R.A.
1833:Folsom point
1823:Effigy mound
1803:Clovis point
1771:Aridoamerica
1672:Wickiup Hill
1627:Spiro Mounds
1607:Salmon Ruins
1602:Russell Cave
1397:Helen Blazes
1392:Grimes Point
1372:Fort Juelson
1362:Fort Ancient
1337:El Vallecito
1297:Chaco Canyon
1237:Angel Mounds
1199:Steed-Kisker
1149:Paleo-Arctic
1071:Glacial Kame
1056:Fort Ancient
948:Post-Classic
919:
800:Oliver phase
744:Ormond Mound
593:. Retrieved
569:. Retrieved
541:. Retrieved
507:
498:
478:
452:
435:
426:
414:
407:nomination.
394:
383:
367:
355:
345:
329:
309:Che-funk'tuh
308:
304:
288:
286:
209:Architecture
111:90°1′33.38″W
29:
1913:Thunderbird
1781:Black drink
1745:Peñon woman
1682:Winterville
1662:Velda Mound
1642:Taos Pueblo
1537:Parkin Park
1522:Orwell site
1507:Nodena site
1402:Holly Bluff
1377:Four Mounds
1367:Fort Center
1292:Casa Grande
1242:Anzick site
1134:Monongahela
1061:Fort Walton
1036:Coles Creek
1001:Belle Glade
986:Anishinaabe
714:Fisher site
710:(12-LR-329)
703:Brokaw Site
379:Baton Rouge
364:Excavations
350:in eastern
336:Edwin Doran
195:Edwin Doran
123: /
99:Coordinates
1964:Categories
1858:Metallurgy
1818:Eden point
1715:Buhl Woman
1587:Rock Eagle
1577:River Styx
1502:Mummy Cave
1497:Moundville
1477:Mesa Verde
1462:Marksville
1209:Tchefuncte
1169:Plaquemine
1105:Las Palmas
1021:Calf Creek
1016:Cades Pond
694:(12 MA 61)
692:Bowen Site
490:References
449:Chronology
317:Mandeville
299:that is a
177:Site notes
73:Mandeville
1903:Stickball
1592:Rock Hawk
1422:Key Marco
1214:Troyville
1194:St. Johns
1179:Red Ocher
938:Formative
729:Man Mound
719:Hoye Site
687:Book site
677:Baum Site
352:Louisiana
338:in 1941.
325:Louisiana
301:type site
149:Abandoned
81:Louisiana
1791:Chanunpa
1776:Ballgame
1755:Vero man
1705:Anzick-1
1677:Windover
1637:SunWatch
1567:Rassawek
1387:Glenwood
1277:Brewster
1129:Mogollon
1100:La Jolla
1086:Hopewell
1046:Deptford
959:cultures
790:Manahoac
768:Cultures
469:See also
295:) is an
263:00000717
167:Cultures
69:Location
1940:Related
1798:Chunkey
1698:remains
1687:Wupatki
1527:Paquime
1417:Huápoca
1282:Cahokia
1252:Bastian
1159:Patayan
1081:Hohokam
1066:Fremont
1041:Comondú
996:Baytown
991:Avonlea
971:Alachua
943:Classic
933:Archaic
921:Periods
595:June 1,
571:June 1,
543:June 1,
453:In the
438:pottery
432:Pottery
157:Periods
144:500 BCE
141:Founded
136:History
75:,
35:16 ST 1
1357:Folsom
1322:Cutler
1257:Benson
1144:Oneota
1076:Glades
1051:Folsom
1031:Clovis
928:Lithic
861:Oneota
442:temper
90:
1888:Piasa
1696:Human
1327:Eaker
1230:sites
1164:Plano
966:Adena
670:Sites
538:(PDF)
315:near
293:16ST1
1848:Kiva
597:2009
573:2009
545:2009
423:Food
388:and
287:The
248:Area
152:1 CE
1352:Eva
377:in
258:No.
93:USA
1966::
581:^
553:^
522:^
512:.
506:.
477:-
465:.
381:.
327:.
323:,
319:,
79:,
900:e
893:t
886:v
630:e
623:t
616:v
599:.
575:.
547:.
291:(
20:)
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