481:
493:
469:
445:
210:
457:
27:
505:
397:
433:. The machine would then be started. The tape would be read with a stylus, which moved across the grooves, in a manner similar to a phonograph record. However, the tape would be stored in a cartridge, like later magnetic tape systems. While there was no way of moving to a specific track, the stylus could be moved to a variety of positions on the tape.
312:
With no way to get an eight-hour recording done all in one session with no mistakes, these extremely long programs were transcribed first onto 15-minute cartridges (30 minutes of
Talking Book) and later 1-hour cartridges (2-hour Talking Book) and then assembled by playing them back in succession much
321:
The first
Tefifon players and cartridges for home use came available in the German market towards the end of the 1940s, but could not compete with the popular phonographic disc format readily already available at the time. One reason was that well-known artists were committed exclusively by contract
334:
The
Tefifon was offered in the 1950s as a standalone device, but also in combination with various types of radios, including portable and home models. The chassis of the radio sets were often purchased ready-made from third parties, with a Tefifon playback transport being added to it as a finished
294:. Prior to the Tefifon's introduction, Tefi had introduced a device capable of recording and playback under the name "Tefiphon" (note the alternate spelling) and another device only capable of playback under the name "Teficord". Both use loose tape, unlike the cartridge-loaded tape of the Tefifon.
322:
to major record companies, most of which had no interest in offering their artists' albums on
Tefifon tapes. As a result, most Tefifon releases were of relatively unknown bands and artists. In addition, the Tefifon saw competition from phonographs equipped with
309:. This was continued, albeit scaled back until vinyl disc technology could catch up in quality if not time, since the 4-hour Tefi cartridges recorded at 19 CPS (7-1/2 IPS) could carry 4 hours, the talking book could carry twice that, or eight hours.
425:
The larger cartridge also had several differences from the smaller units. It featured a spring to assist in removing the tape for playback, and a plastic cover over the tape to protect it. The cartridges also have a cardboard protective case.
131:
383:
mail-order company, which also took over the sale of existing
Tefifon products. Even though the Tefifon was little-known outside of Germany, it was imported and sold in the United States for a very short time by
290:
and his "Tefi" company in 1936. A few years earlier, devices using phonographic grooved tape like the
Tefifon were produced by Tefi for special purposes, like the military, and were designed for
273:. Tefifon players were not sold by television and radio dealers in Germany, but rather sold directly by special sales outlets affiliated with Tefi (the manufacturer of the format).
412:' size loop of tape which carried about four minutes of audio under the name "Tefi Kurz Band" (A special adapter was needed to play these, similarly to 45-RPM records)
225:, developed and manufactured in Germany, that utilizes cartridges loaded with an endlessly looped reel of plastic tape. It is somewhat similar to the later
492:
746:
480:
468:
1910:
1905:
1680:
444:
1207:
644:
110:
253:. A Tefifon cartridge, known as a "Tefi", can hold up to four hours of music; therefore, most releases for the format are usually
1260:
1254:
456:
48:
1585:
886:
608:
1760:
556:
1854:
1304:
1565:
739:
91:
1382:
1093:
313:
as a long radio program is spread over many sides and assembled later on-air to sound as if the whole thing is live.
504:
63:
1688:
1669:
696:
634:
1178:
1472:
1272:
1248:
1242:
1236:
1230:
222:
1872:
1754:
1638:
1520:
1388:
1310:
70:
44:
1526:
1376:
1172:
1141:
1454:
1135:
1538:
1484:
37:
1900:
1502:
1328:
1087:
1028:
756:
732:
1316:
1129:
1123:
77:
1298:
945:
380:
250:
1394:
1322:
1184:
1081:
241:. The grooves were engraved in a helical fashion across the width of the tape, in a manner similar to
1809:
1663:
1418:
1364:
1352:
1346:
1158:
898:
1694:
1490:
1266:
1117:
59:
1803:
1771:
1448:
1370:
1292:
852:
836:
828:
1334:
1105:
1099:
1706:
1626:
1430:
1340:
1196:
1111:
975:
933:
352:
287:
1797:
1608:
1442:
921:
640:
356:
302:
254:
238:
226:
1466:
1424:
1190:
939:
927:
904:
874:
868:
862:
801:
385:
1815:
1406:
1218:
764:
323:
291:
713:
429:
A Tefifon cartridge would be inserted into the machine, with the reader tape around the
209:
1821:
1718:
1550:
1514:
1060:
1034:
957:
892:
880:
856:
430:
409:
340:
146:
1894:
1842:
1657:
1649:
1632:
1617:
1496:
1283:
1210:
1008:
969:
816:
376:
336:
258:
84:
375:, but this was not commercially successful. Tefifon production at its main plant in
1544:
951:
784:
778:
724:
372:
306:
298:
230:
326:, some of which could allow for up to three hours of music without interruption.
1591:
1573:
1460:
1400:
1224:
842:
371:
The last innovation of the
Tefifon format was in 1961, with the introduction of
262:
249:
format. The grooves are read with a stylus and amplified pickup in the player's
26:
1785:
1779:
1412:
1040:
846:
790:
719:
716:
710:
690:
664:
585:
396:
360:
242:
234:
1878:
1724:
1436:
1358:
1022:
1016:
997:
963:
772:
348:
246:
379:
was halted in 1965. Afterward, the rights to the name were acquired by the
213:
Tefifon portable radio with cartridge player (the Tefi "Holiday Super II")
130:
1860:
1791:
1748:
1742:
1730:
1700:
1478:
702:
270:
1848:
1579:
1532:
706:
344:
529:
297:
In 1937, a half-speed 9.5 CPS (3-3/4 IPS) format was developed for
1736:
1597:
1508:
395:
266:
208:
1866:
1712:
1072:
1052:
388:'s Westrex division from 1963 to 1964 under the "Westrex" name.
286:
The
Tefifon format was developed by the German entrepreneur Dr.
728:
666:
Tefifon Update - more info, more music, bigger.... and smaller.
20:
557:"A Look at the Tefifon, Germany's Doomed 1950s Music PlayerÂ"
237:
cartridges, but with grooves engraved into the tape, like a
363:
is quite strong, so this wears out relatively quickly.
609:"This Was Germany's Music Format That Never Took Off"
498:
An example of a combination
Tefifon player and radio.
1835:
1770:
1679:
1648:
1616:
1607:
1564:
1282:
1206:
1151:
1070:
1050:
1007:
985:
914:
826:
809:
800:
763:
199:
191:
183:
175:
163:
155:
145:
137:
51:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
400:A stand-alone Tefifon player with cartridge loaded
474:A close up of a Tefifon cartridge in the reader.
740:
8:
404:Tefifon cartridges were made in four sizes:
123:
1613:
806:
747:
733:
725:
462:A Tefifon unit next to several cartridges.
129:
111:Learn how and when to remove this message
993:Tefiphon/Teficord (early 1930s), Tefifon
692:Video of a Tefi KC-1 player in operation
450:A close up of the Tefifon's tape medium.
347:, but is still less than that of 33 rpm
521:
510:A predecessor of the Tefifon, Teficord.
440:
415:A small size with 15 minutes of audio.
122:
418:A medium size, with an hour of audio.
7:
658:
656:
633:Hoffmann, Frank (12 November 2004).
579:
577:
421:A large size, with 4 hours of audio.
49:adding citations to reliable sources
14:
1855:Pioneer Artists Compact LaserDisc
1305:Mohawk Message repeater cartridge
701:More Info on the Tefifon by user
587:Vintage Electronics - The Tefifon
503:
491:
479:
467:
455:
443:
339:of Tefifon tapes is superior to
151:Grooves embossed on plastic tape
25:
1383:Nippon Electronic Vity cassette
1094:Cosmos Industries MX-303A/ANQ-1
36:needs additional citations for
636:Encyclopedia of Recorded Sound
1:
720:Part 4 (about Tefi Kurz Band)
555:Knibbs, Kate (7 April 2015).
359:on the stylus and supporting
1179:Thermionic Products Recordon
486:A Tefifon unit in operation.
16:German audio playback format
1566:Analog-to-digital converter
1473:Nippon Electronic Memo-call
607:Wenz, John (8 April 2015).
159:15 minutes, 1 hour, 4 hours
1927:
1911:History of sound recording
1906:Discontinued media formats
1689:Compact Disc Digital Audio
992:
773:Music box cylinder or disc
1389:Grundig Cassette LFH 0084
1168:
128:
1639:Digital Compact Cassette
1527:Capitol Records Audiopak
1377:Dictaphone Travel master
1173:Telefunken magnetic disc
1142:Crouzet-Jaeger cartridge
534:Museum of Obsolete Media
530:"Tefifon (1950 – 1960s)"
1455:Assmann-Stuzzi Memocord
1136:Protona Minifon special
757:audio recording formats
305:in the early run-up to
187:Home audio, educational
1539:Bandai micro cartridge
1485:Muntz Stereo Mini-twin
401:
214:
1407:Cousino Echo-matic II
887:Indestructible record
399:
223:audio playback format
212:
1503:Sanyo Tape cartridge
1329:Rediffusion Reditune
1208:Loose (reel-to-reel)
1159:Magnetic stripe card
1088:US Army RD-11B/GNQ-1
853:Perfected phonograph
781:(early 17th century)
45:improve this article
1317:Mohawk Midgetape RL
1130:Protona Minifon P55
1124:Protona Minifon P51
899:Blue Amberol record
881:Gold moulded record
875:Le CĂ©leste cylinder
847:Dictaphone cylinder
837:Phonograph cylinder
676:– via Youtube
355:. In addition, the
125:
1772:Electronic circuit
1627:Digital Audio Tape
1341:RCA tape cartridge
1299:Cousino Echo-matic
1197:Audio High Density
946:Edison Voicewriter
717:Part 3 (about KC4)
402:
215:
1888:
1887:
1831:
1830:
1560:
1559:
1395:Orrtronic Tapette
1323:Dictaphone Dictet
922:Phonograph record
779:Mechanical cuckoo
613:Popular Mechanics
392:Technical details
357:mechanical stress
239:phonograph record
207:
206:
121:
120:
113:
95:
1918:
1614:
1467:DC-International
1425:Compact cassette
1243:Fullcoat magfilm
1185:Record Maker Pye
1152:Magnetic surface
1082:Lorenz Textophon
905:Paradis cylinder
869:Stentor cylinder
807:
749:
742:
735:
726:
693:
678:
677:
675:
673:
660:
651:
650:
630:
624:
623:
621:
619:
604:
598:
597:
596:
594:
581:
572:
571:
569:
567:
552:
546:
545:
543:
541:
526:
507:
495:
483:
471:
459:
447:
386:Western Electric
167:
133:
126:
116:
109:
105:
102:
96:
94:
53:
29:
21:
1926:
1925:
1921:
1920:
1919:
1917:
1916:
1915:
1891:
1890:
1889:
1884:
1827:
1816:USB flash drive
1810:Toymax VJ Starz
1766:
1675:
1644:
1603:
1556:
1419:Philips EL 3583
1365:Cousino MR-9000
1353:Protona Attaché
1347:Philips EL 3581
1278:
1202:
1164:
1147:
1066:
1051:Loose magnetic
1046:
1003:
981:
910:
822:
810:Grooved surface
796:
759:
753:
691:
687:
682:
681:
671:
669:
662:
661:
654:
647:
632:
631:
627:
617:
615:
606:
605:
601:
592:
590:
583:
582:
575:
565:
563:
554:
553:
549:
539:
537:
528:
527:
523:
518:
511:
508:
499:
496:
487:
484:
475:
472:
463:
460:
451:
448:
439:
394:
369:
332:
324:record changers
319:
292:voice recording
284:
279:
165:
117:
106:
100:
97:
54:
52:
42:
30:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1924:
1922:
1914:
1913:
1908:
1903:
1893:
1892:
1886:
1885:
1883:
1882:
1876:
1873:Timecode vinyl
1870:
1864:
1858:
1852:
1846:
1839:
1837:
1833:
1832:
1829:
1828:
1826:
1825:
1819:
1813:
1807:
1801:
1795:
1789:
1783:
1776:
1774:
1768:
1767:
1765:
1764:
1758:
1752:
1746:
1740:
1734:
1728:
1722:
1719:Super Audio CD
1716:
1710:
1704:
1698:
1695:Philips CD-BGM
1692:
1685:
1683:
1677:
1676:
1674:
1673:
1667:
1661:
1654:
1652:
1646:
1645:
1643:
1642:
1636:
1630:
1623:
1621:
1611:
1605:
1604:
1602:
1601:
1595:
1589:
1583:
1577:
1570:
1568:
1562:
1561:
1558:
1557:
1555:
1554:
1551:Pocket Rockers
1548:
1542:
1536:
1530:
1524:
1518:
1515:Steno-Cassette
1512:
1506:
1500:
1494:
1491:Grundig DeJ614
1488:
1482:
1476:
1470:
1464:
1458:
1452:
1446:
1440:
1434:
1428:
1422:
1416:
1410:
1404:
1398:
1392:
1386:
1380:
1374:
1368:
1362:
1356:
1350:
1344:
1338:
1332:
1326:
1320:
1314:
1308:
1302:
1296:
1289:
1287:
1280:
1279:
1277:
1276:
1270:
1264:
1258:
1252:
1249:Stripe magfilm
1246:
1240:
1234:
1228:
1222:
1215:
1213:
1204:
1203:
1201:
1200:
1194:
1188:
1182:
1176:
1169:
1166:
1165:
1163:
1162:
1155:
1153:
1149:
1148:
1146:
1145:
1139:
1133:
1127:
1121:
1118:Peirce 330/360
1115:
1109:
1103:
1097:
1091:
1085:
1078:
1076:
1068:
1067:
1065:
1064:
1061:Wire recording
1057:
1055:
1048:
1047:
1045:
1044:
1038:
1032:
1026:
1020:
1013:
1011:
1005:
1004:
1002:
1001:
995:
989:
987:
983:
982:
980:
979:
973:
967:
961:
955:
949:
943:
940:Pathé Actuelle
937:
931:
925:
918:
916:
912:
911:
909:
908:
902:
896:
893:Amberol record
890:
884:
878:
872:
866:
863:Salon cylinder
860:
850:
840:
833:
831:
824:
823:
821:
820:
813:
811:
804:
798:
797:
795:
794:
788:
782:
776:
769:
767:
761:
760:
754:
752:
751:
744:
737:
729:
723:
722:
699:
686:
685:External links
683:
680:
679:
652:
645:
625:
599:
573:
547:
520:
519:
517:
514:
513:
512:
509:
502:
500:
497:
490:
488:
485:
478:
476:
473:
466:
464:
461:
454:
452:
449:
442:
438:
435:
423:
422:
419:
416:
413:
393:
390:
368:
365:
341:78 rpm records
331:
328:
318:
315:
283:
280:
278:
275:
205:
204:
201:
197:
196:
193:
189:
188:
185:
181:
180:
177:
173:
172:
169:
161:
160:
157:
153:
152:
149:
143:
142:
139:
135:
134:
119:
118:
33:
31:
24:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1923:
1912:
1909:
1907:
1904:
1902:
1901:Audio storage
1899:
1898:
1896:
1880:
1877:
1874:
1871:
1868:
1865:
1862:
1859:
1856:
1853:
1850:
1847:
1844:
1843:Mini-cassette
1841:
1840:
1838:
1834:
1823:
1820:
1817:
1814:
1811:
1808:
1805:
1804:Takara E-kara
1802:
1799:
1796:
1793:
1790:
1787:
1784:
1781:
1778:
1777:
1775:
1773:
1769:
1762:
1759:
1756:
1753:
1750:
1747:
1744:
1741:
1738:
1735:
1732:
1729:
1726:
1723:
1720:
1717:
1714:
1711:
1708:
1705:
1702:
1699:
1696:
1693:
1690:
1687:
1686:
1684:
1682:
1678:
1671:
1668:
1665:
1662:
1659:
1656:
1655:
1653:
1651:
1650:Sound-on-film
1647:
1640:
1637:
1634:
1631:
1628:
1625:
1624:
1622:
1619:
1618:Magnetic tape
1615:
1612:
1610:
1606:
1599:
1596:
1593:
1590:
1587:
1584:
1581:
1578:
1575:
1572:
1571:
1569:
1567:
1563:
1552:
1549:
1546:
1543:
1540:
1537:
1534:
1531:
1528:
1525:
1522:
1521:Stenorette DL
1519:
1516:
1513:
1510:
1507:
1504:
1501:
1498:
1497:Microcassette
1495:
1492:
1489:
1486:
1483:
1480:
1477:
1474:
1471:
1468:
1465:
1462:
1459:
1456:
1453:
1450:
1449:Micro pack 35
1447:
1444:
1441:
1438:
1435:
1432:
1429:
1426:
1423:
1420:
1417:
1414:
1411:
1408:
1405:
1402:
1399:
1396:
1393:
1390:
1387:
1384:
1381:
1378:
1375:
1372:
1371:IBM Magnabelt
1369:
1366:
1363:
1360:
1357:
1354:
1351:
1348:
1345:
1342:
1339:
1336:
1333:
1330:
1327:
1324:
1321:
1318:
1315:
1312:
1309:
1306:
1303:
1300:
1297:
1294:
1291:
1290:
1288:
1285:
1284:Magnetic tape
1281:
1274:
1271:
1268:
1265:
1262:
1259:
1256:
1253:
1250:
1247:
1244:
1241:
1238:
1235:
1232:
1229:
1226:
1223:
1220:
1219:Blattnerphone
1217:
1216:
1214:
1212:
1211:magnetic tape
1209:
1205:
1198:
1195:
1192:
1189:
1186:
1183:
1180:
1177:
1174:
1171:
1170:
1167:
1160:
1157:
1156:
1154:
1150:
1143:
1140:
1137:
1134:
1131:
1128:
1125:
1122:
1119:
1116:
1113:
1110:
1107:
1104:
1101:
1098:
1095:
1092:
1089:
1086:
1083:
1080:
1079:
1077:
1074:
1069:
1062:
1059:
1058:
1056:
1054:
1049:
1042:
1039:
1036:
1033:
1030:
1027:
1024:
1021:
1018:
1015:
1014:
1012:
1010:
1009:Sound-on-film
1006:
999:
996:
994:
991:
990:
988:
984:
977:
974:
971:
970:Highway Hi-Fi
968:
965:
962:
959:
956:
953:
950:
947:
944:
941:
938:
935:
932:
929:
926:
923:
920:
919:
917:
913:
906:
903:
900:
897:
894:
891:
888:
885:
882:
879:
876:
873:
870:
867:
864:
861:
858:
854:
851:
848:
844:
841:
838:
835:
834:
832:
830:
825:
818:
815:
814:
812:
808:
805:
803:
799:
792:
789:
786:
783:
780:
777:
775:(9th century)
774:
771:
770:
768:
766:
762:
758:
750:
745:
743:
738:
736:
731:
730:
727:
721:
718:
715:
712:
708:
704:
700:
698:
694:
689:
688:
684:
668:
667:
659:
657:
653:
648:
646:9781135949501
642:
639:. Routledge.
638:
637:
629:
626:
614:
610:
603:
600:
589:
588:
580:
578:
574:
562:
558:
551:
548:
536:. 9 June 2015
535:
531:
525:
522:
515:
506:
501:
494:
489:
482:
477:
470:
465:
458:
453:
446:
441:
436:
434:
432:
427:
420:
417:
414:
411:
407:
406:
405:
398:
391:
389:
387:
382:
378:
377:Porz am Rhein
374:
366:
364:
362:
358:
354:
350:
346:
342:
338:
337:sound quality
335:product. The
329:
327:
325:
316:
314:
310:
308:
304:
300:
299:talking books
295:
293:
289:
281:
276:
274:
272:
268:
264:
260:
256:
252:
248:
244:
240:
236:
232:
228:
224:
220:
211:
202:
198:
194:
190:
186:
182:
178:
174:
170:
162:
158:
154:
150:
148:
144:
140:
136:
132:
127:
115:
112:
104:
101:February 2019
93:
90:
86:
83:
79:
76:
72:
69:
65:
62: –
61:
57:
56:Find sources:
50:
46:
40:
39:
34:This article
32:
28:
23:
22:
19:
1782:(late 1970s)
1681:Optical disc
1545:Picocassette
1541:(late 1980s)
1335:Saba Sabafon
1106:RCA MI-12877
1100:RCA MI-12875
986:Grooved tape
952:SoundScriber
948:(late 1940s)
934:Diamond disc
915:Grooved disc
817:Phonautogram
785:Punched card
670:, retrieved
665:
635:
628:
616:. Retrieved
612:
602:
591:, retrieved
586:
564:. Retrieved
560:
550:
538:. Retrieved
533:
524:
428:
424:
403:
373:stereo sound
370:
333:
320:
311:
307:World War II
296:
285:
259:popular hits
255:compilations
218:
216:
200:Discontinued
107:
98:
88:
81:
74:
67:
55:
43:Please help
38:verification
35:
18:
1592:PCM adaptor
1580:X80/ProDigi
1574:Soundstream
1461:Cantata 700
1431:Grundig En3
1225:Magnetophon
1112:Peirce 265B
976:Bandai 8ban
843:Graphophone
288:Karl Daniel
263:dance music
1895:Categories
1798:Yaboom Box
1786:MP3 player
1780:Sound chip
1598:DA-88/DTRS
1413:Stereo-Pak
1311:Stenorette
1191:Synchrofax
1041:Fantasound
1035:Photophone
928:Pathé disc
791:Music roll
765:Mechanical
672:2 February
663:Techmoan,
618:1 February
593:1 February
584:Techmoan,
566:29 January
540:29 January
516:References
381:Neckermann
361:cantilever
349:LP records
243:Dictaphone
235:audio tape
176:Dimensions
138:Media type
71:newspapers
1879:VinylDisc
1725:DVD-Audio
1620:cartridge
1437:Sabamobil
1401:3M Scotch
1359:Fidelipac
1286:cartridge
1267:3/4" tape
1237:1/2" tape
1231:1/4" tape
1075:cartridge
1071:Magnetic
1029:Movietone
1023:Tri-Ergon
1017:Phonofilm
998:Dictabelt
964:Long play
958:Audograph
755:Physical
271:operettas
251:transport
247:Dictabelt
233:magnetic
164:Developed
60:"Tefifon"
1861:CD Video
1792:HitClips
1749:BD-Audio
1743:DualDisc
1731:DataPlay
1701:MiniDisc
1479:PlayTape
1293:Optaphon
857:Ediphone
829:cylinder
827:Grooved
703:Techmoan
351:made of
343:made of
301:for the
192:Released
156:Capacity
147:Encoding
1849:U-matic
1822:MicroSD
1609:Digital
1533:Elcaset
1443:8-track
1273:3" tape
1261:2" tape
1255:1" tape
877:(1890s)
871:(1890s)
865:(1890s)
707:YouTube
697:YouTube
561:Gizmodo
437:Gallery
431:capstan
345:shellac
277:History
231:8-track
227:4-track
219:Tefifon
124:Tefifon
85:scholar
1881:(2007)
1875:(2001)
1869:(1991)
1863:(1987)
1857:(1986)
1851:(1971)
1845:(1967)
1836:Hybrid
1824:(2007)
1818:(2004)
1812:(2002)
1806:(2001)
1800:(1999)
1794:(2000)
1788:(1996)
1763:(2014)
1761:MQA-CD
1757:(2013)
1751:(2008)
1745:(2004)
1739:(2004)
1733:(2002)
1727:(2000)
1721:(1999)
1715:(1995)
1709:(1993)
1703:(1992)
1697:(1989)
1691:(1982)
1672:(1993)
1666:(1990)
1660:(1986)
1641:(1992)
1635:(1992)
1629:(1987)
1600:(1993)
1594:(1982)
1588:(1982)
1582:(1980)
1576:(1976)
1553:(1988)
1547:(1985)
1535:(1976)
1529:(1972)
1523:(1972)
1517:(1971)
1511:(1971)
1505:(1969)
1499:(1969)
1493:(1968)
1487:(1967)
1481:(1966)
1475:(1965)
1469:(1965)
1463:(1965)
1457:(1965)
1451:(1964)
1445:(1964)
1439:(1964)
1433:(1964)
1427:(1963)
1421:(1963)
1415:(1962)
1409:(1962)
1403:(1962)
1397:(1962)
1391:(1962)
1385:(1961)
1379:(1961)
1373:(1961)
1367:(1960)
1361:(1959)
1355:(1959)
1349:(1958)
1343:(1958)
1337:(1958)
1331:(1957)
1325:(1957)
1319:(1955)
1313:(1954)
1307:(1953)
1301:(1952)
1295:(1951)
1275:(1978)
1269:(1969)
1263:(1967)
1257:(1957)
1251:(1953)
1245:(1953)
1239:(1953)
1233:(1949)
1227:(1935)
1221:(1928)
1199:(1978)
1193:(1959)
1187:(1953)
1181:(1948)
1175:(1945)
1161:(1900)
1144:(1962)
1138:(1961)
1132:(1955)
1126:(1951)
1120:(1951)
1114:(1951)
1108:(1947)
1102:(1947)
1096:(1944)
1090:(1944)
1084:(1942)
1063:(1898)
1043:(1940)
1037:(1929)
1031:(1926)
1025:(1922)
1019:(1919)
1000:(1947)
978:(2004)
972:(1956)
966:(1948)
960:(1945)
954:(1945)
942:(1920)
936:(1912)
930:(1905)
924:(1889)
907:(1913)
901:(1912)
895:(1908)
889:(1907)
883:(1902)
859:(1888)
849:(1887)
839:(1877)
819:(1857)
802:Analog
793:(1883)
787:(1881)
714:Part 2
711:Part 1
643:
410:single
269:, and
267:operas
221:is an
179:Varied
166:
87:
80:
73:
66:
58:
1737:Hi-MD
1509:HiPac
367:1960s
353:vinyl
330:1950s
317:1940s
303:blind
282:1930s
195:1940s
184:Usage
141:Audio
92:JSTOR
78:books
1867:ADAT
1755:HFPA
1713:HDCD
1670:SDDS
1586:DASH
1073:wire
1053:wire
674:2019
641:ISBN
620:2019
595:2019
568:2019
542:2019
229:and
217:The
203:1965
171:Tefi
64:news
1707:DTS
1664:CDS
705:on
695:on
408:A '
261:or
257:of
245:'s
47:by
1897::
1658:DD
1633:NT
709::
655:^
611:.
576:^
559:.
532:.
265:,
168:by
855:/
845:/
748:e
741:t
734:v
649:.
622:.
570:.
544:.
114:)
108:(
103:)
99:(
89:·
82:·
75:·
68:·
41:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
