309:
20:
1596:
1606:
1585:
1616:
297:
82:
operated in most countries under close state-regulations. But today there are many private players in most regions of the world, and even most of the government owned companies have been opened up to competition in-line with World Trade
Organization (WTO) policy agenda. Historically these government
67:, and satellite providers offer similar competing features as the telephone companies to both residential and businesses leading to further evolution of corporate identity have taken shape.
246:
1568:
1540:
1535:
560:
277:
198:
84:
63:
in the industry develops. Additionally, with advances in technology development, other traditional separate industries such as cable television,
1562:
1640:
1557:
1547:
1527:
1329:
514:
251:
1552:
1398:
457:
219:
59:(ISPs), and the distinction between a telephone company and ISP has tended to disappear completely over time, as the current trend for
1324:
224:
1418:
506:
398:
272:
374:
1203:
751:
553:
256:
240:
1314:
283:
230:
1309:
860:
1334:
142:
allowed more than 20,000 independent telecommunications companies in the United States to use the long distance trunks of
1619:
1609:
1370:
1267:
810:
577:
173:
Ernestine. Ernestine, who became one of Tomlin's trademark characters, was perhaps most famous for the following line:
1599:
1106:
546:
266:
1458:
1380:
1319:
1026:
414:
Sandholtz, Wayne (1993-01-01). "Institutions and
Collective Action: The New Telecommunications in Western Europe".
181:
1230:
1191:
1036:
936:
865:
798:
625:
56:
1589:
831:
766:
719:
605:
235:
75:
1428:
1413:
1257:
1208:
1131:
1031:
709:
595:
590:
261:
108:
1350:
1136:
951:
896:
891:
704:
669:
213:
143:
119:
112:
96:
1252:
1056:
1021:
941:
921:
843:
731:
652:
202:, The Phone Company (TPC) was used by the Caponian aliens to secretly reduce the intelligence of humans.
1166:
1126:
1096:
853:
788:
679:
170:
139:
60:
1176:
1116:
875:
837:
694:
635:
620:
71:
19:
1403:
1360:
1291:
1161:
1091:
1066:
1001:
848:
569:
439:
52:
44:
1443:
1365:
1279:
1262:
1225:
1111:
1071:
901:
870:
736:
630:
510:
502:
431:
394:
313:
1448:
1408:
1388:
1355:
1284:
1242:
1156:
1011:
996:
971:
946:
906:
756:
615:
610:
600:
462:
423:
301:
289:
104:
100:
1076:
931:
699:
662:
674:
1274:
1146:
1121:
1081:
1051:
926:
761:
647:
88:
1634:
1423:
1196:
1186:
1101:
991:
986:
976:
961:
783:
642:
166:
92:
1301:
1141:
1086:
1016:
981:
916:
815:
805:
657:
190:
185:, The Phone Company (TPC) is depicted as plotting to enslave humanity by replacing
498:
478:
388:
1501:
1151:
1061:
1046:
1006:
966:
825:
162:
158:
1506:
1213:
911:
820:
776:
746:
724:
714:
689:
64:
28:
435:
161:
frequently satirized the telephone industry (and the country's then-dominant
1491:
956:
771:
123:
48:
16:
Organization that provides telephone and/or other telecommunications service
375:
Operability: Keeping Your
Telephone Number When You Change Service Provider
39:
is a kind of electronic communications service provider, more precisely a
1486:
1476:
1393:
1218:
1041:
186:
155:
127:
79:
1481:
1466:
443:
1511:
1471:
793:
585:
538:
55:
access. Many traditional solely telephone companies now function as
427:
1496:
1433:
741:
1438:
542:
532:
526:
83:
agencies were often referred to, primarily in Europe, as PTTs (
684:
387:
Héritier, Adrienne; Windhoff-Héritier, Adrienne (1999-11-28).
74:
involved in the past, most telecommunications companies were
390:
Policy-Making and
Diversity in Europe: Escape from Deadlock
175:"We don't care; we don't have to. We're the phone company."
122:
have also evolved to perform telephone services such as:
477:
Commission, New York (State) Public
Service (1916).
1520:
1457:
1379:
1343:
1300:
1241:
1175:
884:
576:
280:(for the development of U.S. telecom standards)
554:
247:Individual communication services and tariffs
8:
1569:Global telecommunications regulation bodies
499:The Worldwide History Of Telecommunications
103:, telecommunications companies now include
1605:
561:
547:
539:
85:postal, telegraph and telephone services
18:
367:
331:
278:Telecommunications Industry Association
199:Zak McKracken and the Alien Mindbenders
252:List of telephone operating companies
7:
1615:
480:Abstracts of Reports of Corporations
216:, forerunner of AT&T in the U.S.
87:). Telecommunications companies are
377:. FCC.gov. Retrieved on 2013-09-18.
220:Internet telephony service provider
41:telecommunications service provider
225:Competitive local exchange carrier
14:
273:Public switched telephone network
1614:
1604:
1595:
1594:
1583:
1204:Free-space optical communication
307:
295:
257:List of mobile network operators
241:Incumbent local exchange carrier
535:– site about business broadband
284:Regional Bell Operating Company
231:Communications service provider
393:. Cambridge University Press.
111:and even satellite providers (
1:
25:Edison Bell Telephone Company
1641:Telecommunications companies
1590:Telecommunication portal
1371:Telecommunications equipment
342:. Alternative names include
78:agencies or privately-owned
1107:Alexander Stepanovich Popov
352:telecommunications operator
267:Plain old telephone service
179:In the satirical 1967 film
1657:
811:Telecommunications history
344:telephone service provider
57:internet service providers
37:telecommunications company
1578:
1419:Public Switched Telephone
1231:telecommunication circuit
1192:Fiber-optic communication
937:Francis Blake (telephone)
732:Optical telecommunication
533:Business Telecoms Company
1330:Orbital angular-momentum
767:Satellite communications
606:Communications satellite
529:– site about microtelcos
236:History of the telephone
227:(in Canada and the U.S.)
109:mobile network operators
1209:Molecular communication
1032:Gardiner Greene Hubbard
861:Undersea telegraph line
596:Cable protection system
262:Mobile network operator
196:In the 1988 video game
182:The President's Analyst
97:local exchange carriers
1351:Communication protocol
1137:Charles Sumner Tainter
952:Walter Houser Brattain
897:Edwin Howard Armstrong
705:Information revolution
214:Bell Telephone Company
165:in particular) with a
144:Bell Telephone Company
32:
1325:Polarization-division
1057:Narinder Singh Kapany
1022:Erna Schneider Hoover
942:Jagadish Chandra Bose
922:Alexander Graham Bell
653:online video platform
458:"This day in history"
314:Telephones portal
189:with brain-implanted
99:. With the advent of
70:Due to the nature of
43:(TSP), that provides
22:
1167:Vladimir K. Zworykin
1127:Almon Brown Strowger
1097:Charles Grafton Page
752:Prepaid mobile phone
680:Electrical telegraph
501:, Wiley-IEEE, 2003,
497:Huurdeman, Anton A.
321:References and notes
302:Companies portal
243:(of the Bell System)
140:Kingsbury Commitment
65:Voice-over IP (VoIP)
61:supplier convergence
27:building of 1896 in
1117:Johann Philipp Reis
876:Wireless revolution
838:The Telephone Cases
695:Hydraulic telegraph
72:capital expenditure
53:data communications
1315:Frequency-division
1292:Telephone exchange
1162:Charles Wheatstone
1092:Jun-ichi Nishizawa
1067:Innocenzo Manzetti
1002:Reginald Fessenden
737:Optical telegraphy
570:Telecommunications
171:telephone operator
120:software companies
95:are also known as
45:telecommunications
33:
1628:
1627:
1366:Store and forward
1361:Data transmission
1275:Network switching
1226:Transmission line
1072:Guglielmo Marconi
1037:Internet pioneers
902:Mohamed M. Atalla
871:Whistled language
515:978-0-471-20505-0
463:News & Record
348:telephone company
105:wireless carriers
47:services such as
1648:
1618:
1617:
1608:
1607:
1598:
1597:
1588:
1587:
1586:
1459:Notable networks
1449:Wireless network
1389:Cellular network
1381:Types of network
1356:Computer network
1243:Network topology
1157:Thomas A. Watson
1012:Oliver Heaviside
997:Philo Farnsworth
972:Daniel Davis Jr.
947:Charles Bourseul
907:John Logie Baird
616:Data compression
611:Computer network
563:
556:
549:
540:
485:
484:
474:
468:
467:
454:
448:
447:
411:
405:
404:
384:
378:
372:
355:
336:
312:
311:
310:
300:
299:
298:
290:Service provider
101:mobile telephony
76:government owned
1656:
1655:
1651:
1650:
1649:
1647:
1646:
1645:
1631:
1630:
1629:
1624:
1584:
1582:
1574:
1516:
1453:
1375:
1339:
1296:
1245:
1237:
1178:
1171:
1077:Robert Metcalfe
932:Tim Berners-Lee
880:
700:Information Age
572:
567:
523:
489:
488:
476:
475:
471:
456:
455:
451:
428:10.2307/2950659
413:
412:
408:
401:
386:
385:
381:
373:
369:
359:
358:
338:Abbreviated as
337:
333:
323:
318:
308:
306:
296:
294:
209:
152:
150:Popular culture
136:
89:common carriers
17:
12:
11:
5:
1654:
1652:
1644:
1643:
1633:
1632:
1626:
1625:
1623:
1622:
1612:
1602:
1592:
1579:
1576:
1575:
1573:
1572:
1565:
1560:
1555:
1550:
1545:
1544:
1543:
1538:
1530:
1524:
1522:
1518:
1517:
1515:
1514:
1509:
1504:
1499:
1494:
1489:
1484:
1479:
1474:
1469:
1463:
1461:
1455:
1454:
1452:
1451:
1446:
1441:
1436:
1431:
1426:
1421:
1416:
1411:
1406:
1401:
1396:
1391:
1385:
1383:
1377:
1376:
1374:
1373:
1368:
1363:
1358:
1353:
1347:
1345:
1341:
1340:
1338:
1337:
1332:
1327:
1322:
1317:
1312:
1310:Space-division
1306:
1304:
1298:
1297:
1295:
1294:
1289:
1288:
1287:
1282:
1272:
1271:
1270:
1260:
1255:
1249:
1247:
1239:
1238:
1236:
1235:
1234:
1233:
1223:
1222:
1221:
1211:
1206:
1201:
1200:
1199:
1189:
1183:
1181:
1173:
1172:
1170:
1169:
1164:
1159:
1154:
1149:
1147:Camille Tissot
1144:
1139:
1134:
1129:
1124:
1122:Claude Shannon
1119:
1114:
1112:Tivadar Puskás
1109:
1104:
1099:
1094:
1089:
1084:
1082:Antonio Meucci
1079:
1074:
1069:
1064:
1059:
1054:
1052:Charles K. Kao
1049:
1044:
1039:
1034:
1029:
1027:Harold Hopkins
1024:
1019:
1014:
1009:
1004:
999:
994:
989:
984:
979:
974:
969:
964:
959:
954:
949:
944:
939:
934:
929:
927:Emile Berliner
924:
919:
914:
909:
904:
899:
894:
888:
886:
882:
881:
879:
878:
873:
868:
866:Videotelephony
863:
858:
857:
856:
851:
841:
834:
829:
823:
818:
813:
808:
803:
802:
801:
796:
791:
781:
780:
779:
769:
764:
762:Radiotelephone
759:
754:
749:
744:
739:
734:
729:
728:
727:
717:
712:
707:
702:
697:
692:
687:
682:
677:
672:
667:
666:
665:
660:
655:
650:
648:Internet video
640:
639:
638:
633:
628:
623:
613:
608:
603:
598:
593:
588:
582:
580:
574:
573:
568:
566:
565:
558:
551:
543:
537:
536:
530:
522:
521:External links
519:
518:
517:
494:
493:
487:
486:
469:
449:
422:(2): 242–270.
416:World Politics
406:
399:
379:
366:
365:
364:
363:
357:
356:
330:
329:
328:
327:
322:
319:
317:
316:
304:
292:
287:
281:
275:
270:
264:
259:
254:
249:
244:
238:
233:
228:
222:
217:
210:
208:
205:
204:
203:
194:
177:
151:
148:
135:
132:
130:, and others.
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1653:
1642:
1639:
1638:
1636:
1621:
1613:
1611:
1603:
1601:
1593:
1591:
1581:
1580:
1577:
1570:
1566:
1564:
1561:
1559:
1556:
1554:
1551:
1549:
1546:
1542:
1539:
1537:
1534:
1533:
1531:
1529:
1526:
1525:
1523:
1519:
1513:
1510:
1508:
1505:
1503:
1500:
1498:
1495:
1493:
1490:
1488:
1485:
1483:
1480:
1478:
1475:
1473:
1470:
1468:
1465:
1464:
1462:
1460:
1456:
1450:
1447:
1445:
1442:
1440:
1437:
1435:
1432:
1430:
1427:
1425:
1422:
1420:
1417:
1415:
1412:
1410:
1407:
1405:
1402:
1400:
1397:
1395:
1392:
1390:
1387:
1386:
1384:
1382:
1378:
1372:
1369:
1367:
1364:
1362:
1359:
1357:
1354:
1352:
1349:
1348:
1346:
1342:
1336:
1335:Code-division
1333:
1331:
1328:
1326:
1323:
1321:
1320:Time-division
1318:
1316:
1313:
1311:
1308:
1307:
1305:
1303:
1299:
1293:
1290:
1286:
1283:
1281:
1278:
1277:
1276:
1273:
1269:
1266:
1265:
1264:
1261:
1259:
1256:
1254:
1251:
1250:
1248:
1246:and switching
1244:
1240:
1232:
1229:
1228:
1227:
1224:
1220:
1217:
1216:
1215:
1212:
1210:
1207:
1205:
1202:
1198:
1197:optical fiber
1195:
1194:
1193:
1190:
1188:
1187:Coaxial cable
1185:
1184:
1182:
1180:
1174:
1168:
1165:
1163:
1160:
1158:
1155:
1153:
1150:
1148:
1145:
1143:
1140:
1138:
1135:
1133:
1130:
1128:
1125:
1123:
1120:
1118:
1115:
1113:
1110:
1108:
1105:
1103:
1102:Radia Perlman
1100:
1098:
1095:
1093:
1090:
1088:
1085:
1083:
1080:
1078:
1075:
1073:
1070:
1068:
1065:
1063:
1060:
1058:
1055:
1053:
1050:
1048:
1045:
1043:
1040:
1038:
1035:
1033:
1030:
1028:
1025:
1023:
1020:
1018:
1015:
1013:
1010:
1008:
1005:
1003:
1000:
998:
995:
993:
992:Lee de Forest
990:
988:
987:Thomas Edison
985:
983:
980:
978:
977:Donald Davies
975:
973:
970:
968:
965:
963:
962:Claude Chappe
960:
958:
955:
953:
950:
948:
945:
943:
940:
938:
935:
933:
930:
928:
925:
923:
920:
918:
915:
913:
910:
908:
905:
903:
900:
898:
895:
893:
890:
889:
887:
883:
877:
874:
872:
869:
867:
864:
862:
859:
855:
852:
850:
847:
846:
845:
842:
840:
839:
835:
833:
830:
827:
824:
822:
819:
817:
814:
812:
809:
807:
806:Smoke signals
804:
800:
797:
795:
792:
790:
787:
786:
785:
784:Semiconductor
782:
778:
775:
774:
773:
770:
768:
765:
763:
760:
758:
755:
753:
750:
748:
745:
743:
740:
738:
735:
733:
730:
726:
723:
722:
721:
718:
716:
713:
711:
708:
706:
703:
701:
698:
696:
693:
691:
688:
686:
683:
681:
678:
676:
673:
671:
668:
664:
661:
659:
656:
654:
651:
649:
646:
645:
644:
643:Digital media
641:
637:
634:
632:
629:
627:
624:
622:
619:
618:
617:
614:
612:
609:
607:
604:
602:
599:
597:
594:
592:
589:
587:
584:
583:
581:
579:
575:
571:
564:
559:
557:
552:
550:
545:
544:
541:
534:
531:
528:
527:Village Telco
525:
524:
520:
516:
512:
508:
507:0-471-20505-2
504:
500:
496:
495:
491:
490:
482:
481:
473:
470:
466:. 2015-12-21.
465:
464:
459:
453:
450:
445:
441:
437:
433:
429:
425:
421:
417:
410:
407:
402:
400:9780521653848
396:
392:
391:
383:
380:
376:
371:
368:
361:
360:
353:
349:
345:
341:
335:
332:
325:
324:
320:
315:
305:
303:
293:
291:
288:
286:(in the U.S.)
285:
282:
279:
276:
274:
271:
268:
265:
263:
260:
258:
255:
253:
250:
248:
245:
242:
239:
237:
234:
232:
229:
226:
223:
221:
218:
215:
212:
211:
206:
201:
200:
195:
192:
191:mobile phones
188:
184:
183:
178:
176:
172:
168:
164:
160:
157:
154:
153:
149:
147:
145:
141:
138:In 1913, the
133:
131:
129:
125:
121:
116:
114:
110:
106:
102:
98:
94:
93:United States
91:, and in the
90:
86:
81:
77:
73:
68:
66:
62:
58:
54:
50:
46:
42:
38:
30:
26:
21:
1302:Multiplexing
1177:Transmission
1142:Nikola Tesla
1132:Henry Sutton
1087:Samuel Morse
1017:Robert Hooke
982:Amos Dolbear
917:John Bardeen
836:
816:Telautograph
720:Mobile phone
675:Edholm's law
658:social media
591:Broadcasting
492:Bibliography
479:
472:
461:
452:
419:
415:
409:
389:
382:
370:
351:
347:
343:
339:
334:
197:
180:
174:
169:playing the
137:
117:
69:
40:
36:
34:
24:
1502:NPL network
1214:Radio waves
1152:Alfred Vail
1062:Hedy Lamarr
1047:Dawon Kahng
1007:Elisha Gray
967:Yogen Dalal
892:Nasir Ahmed
826:Teleprinter
690:Heliographs
163:Bell System
159:Lily Tomlin
1548:Antarctica
1507:Toasternet
1429:Television
912:Paul Baran
844:Television
828:(teletype)
821:Telegraphy
799:transistor
777:Phryctoria
747:Photophone
725:Smartphone
715:Mass media
118:Over time
80:monopolies
29:Birmingham
1532:Americas
1521:Locations
1492:Internet2
1253:Bandwidth
957:Vint Cerf
854:streaming
832:Telephone
772:Semaphore
663:streaming
436:1086-3338
362:Citations
187:landlines
124:Net2Phone
49:telephony
31:, England
1635:Category
1600:Category
1487:Internet
1477:CYCLADES
1394:Ethernet
1344:Concepts
1268:terminal
1219:wireless
1042:Bob Kahn
885:Pioneers
710:Internet
601:Cable TV
207:See also
156:Comedian
128:WhatsApp
1620:Commons
1610:Outline
1563:Oceania
1482:FidoNet
1467:ARPANET
1280:circuit
849:digital
578:History
444:2950659
134:History
113:Iridium
1558:Europe
1528:Africa
1512:Usenet
1472:BITNET
1409:Mobile
1285:packet
794:MOSFET
789:device
586:Beacon
513:
505:
442:
434:
397:
269:(POTS)
1541:South
1536:North
1497:JANET
1434:Telex
1424:Radio
1263:Nodes
1258:Links
1179:media
757:Radio
742:Pager
670:Drums
636:video
631:image
621:audio
440:JSTOR
340:telco
326:Notes
107:, or
1553:Asia
1439:UUCP
1399:ISDN
511:ISBN
503:ISBN
432:ISSN
395:ISBN
167:skit
51:and
23:The
1444:WAN
1414:NGN
1404:LAN
685:Fax
626:DCT
424:doi
350:or
115:).
1637::
509:,
460:.
438:.
430:.
420:45
418:.
346:,
146:.
126:,
35:A
1571:)
1567:(
562:e
555:t
548:v
483:.
446:.
426::
403:.
354:.
193:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.