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which attracted the armature, pulling it down to the electromagnet, resulting in a "click" sound. When the current ended, the counterweight pulled the armature back up to its resting position, resulting in a "clack" sound. Thus, as the telegraph key at the sending end makes and breaks the contact,
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It was important that a sounder make a sound both when the circuit was broken and when it was restored. This was necessary for the operator clearly to distinguish the long and short keypresses – the "dashes" and "dots" – that make up the characters in
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networks, used from the 1850s to the 1970s to transmit text messages long distances, transmitted information by pulses of current of two different lengths, called "dots" and "dashes" which spelled out text messages in
266:(The Morse Telegraph Club is an international non-profit organization dedicated to the perpetuation of the knowledge and traditions of telegraphy.)
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The telegraph sounder was used at the receiving end of the line to make the Morse code message audible. Its simple mechanism was similar to a
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after 1850 to replace the previous receiving device, the cumbersome Morse register and was the first practical application of the
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Form of telegraph receiver which converted incoming electrical signals into sounds
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would translate the sounds into characters representing the telegraph message.
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near the magnet's pole balanced on a pivot, held up by a counterweight. When
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272:- A photo gallery of telegraph sounders from the 19th and 20th centuries
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the sounder echoes the up and down state of the key.
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141:lines during the 19th century. It was invented by
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241:. Electrical Engineering Dept., Univ. of Denver
191:attached to the telegraph line, with an iron
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109:Learn how and when to remove this message
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233:Calvert, James B. (July 18, 1999).
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264:Morse Telegraph Club, Inc.
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235:"The Telegraph Sounder"
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245:August 31,
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