21:
52:
90:
834:(or "local") scale used by some particular seismic network (or country). In general it is preferable to use one of the better known scales from the table. Exceptions are for historical reports; you will need to explicitly format as appropriate. If the scale has been properly calibrated (see MNSOP-2, Chapter 3, ยง3.2.4.3, p. 65) then "L" may be appropriate, along with the
659:. In most cases there is an initial report within 10 to 30 minutes of all magnitude 5.0+ earthquakes globally, and magnitude 4.0+ earthquakes within the contiguous U.S. Note that the magnitudes and locations in the initial reports are only first-order approximations, which get revised in the following hours, days, and months.
541:
Where a newspaper or other popular media refers to the scale or magnitude of a recent earthquake as "Richter" it is probably the popular mis-identification of the moment magnitude scale. Best practice is to check with an authoritative source, such as the USGS or the
International Seismic Centre (see
531:" (where "L" indicates "Local"), was developed for measuring the magnitude of earthquakes in the vicinity of southern California. While the "Richter" and moment magnitude scales are similar, they do differ, particularly for earthquakes stronger than about M 6.5, or deeper than about 50 km.
798:
Earthquake magnitudes are given on different scales because they measure different aspects of the event, or are measured in different ways. It is valid to list multiple magnitudes for an event (not to be confused with multiple events such as foreshocks, aftershocks, and
645:(United States Geological Survey) and various regional data centers, with additional data from seismic networks around the world. Event pages for significant events generally have an executive summary, a tectonic overview, past earthquake history of that area,
152: ), conformable with the labels most commonly used by the major seismological authorities. The article is automatically added to a tracking category. Optionally adds a value or relation, identifies a source, or links to explanatory text at
3407:
The nomenclature style implemented here is adapted from IASPEI/MNSOP-2 Information Sheet 3.3. This style differs from IASPEI style mainly in using subscripts rather than underscores, and from BSSA style mainly in not using parentheses.
845:
scale. While these might come up in an article related to seismology, they are not appropriate for general description of earthquakes. If needed, please format appropriately. On first use be sure to add a footnote explaining the
956:
803:). Estimates of magnitude may differ between networks and across time because of differences or changes in how the seismograms are read and the data processed. For details see the NMSOP-2 documentation (below).
3421:
742:) incorporates several catalogs (databases). There are catalog-specific search functions for finding events constrained by date period, magnitude range, or region (by latitude and longitude, or
1414:
1791:
3513:
997:
538:"Richter", or uses "M" (or "m") with one or more other letters (such as ML, Mw, Ms, or mb), that can be relied on; use the table below to match the label and determine the proper code.
3498:
2997:
3486:
556:" or "moment magnitude scale". If you have a strong basis for believing moment magnitude is meant โ e.g., because it is a USGS press release โ use the "dot" code to indicate an
36:
1461:
3525:
3482:
32:
3330:
2651:
1040:
2405:
2350:
2089:
2029:
1214:
3211:
3156:
3099:
2704:
2597:
2543:
2497:
2186:
1745:
1699:
1653:
1607:
1561:
1087:
40:
3271:
3049:
2962:
2911:
2860:
2810:
2757:
2448:
2294:
2242:
1970:
1914:
1846:
1511:
1161:
1353:
542:
below). USGS policy is that magnitudes in press releases, indicated as "M" without any additional characters, are implicitly moment magnitude. But:
1275:
3508:
68:
523:
for magnitudes greater than 4.0. While most newspapers and other popular media refer to this as the "Richter" magnitude, that is not correct.
3493:
64:
3380:"Information Sheet 3.3: The new IASPEI standards for determining magnitudes from digital data and their relation to classical magnitudes."
3379:
3468:
3453:
3322:
724:
76:
3541:
3521:
3476:
28:
3437:
3551:
3314:
3556:
2805:
359:(see below). If you are uncertain use the special maintenance code "?", which flags this instance for further attention:
144:
Given a valid code (see table), outputs an earthquake magnitude scale label, either the generic M, or a subtype (such as M
3546:
3349:, and a review of the literature. Section numbers under "Comments" are for either Chapter 3, or Information Sheet 3.3
694:
All of these access methods link to event pages in the ANSS Comprehensive
Catalog (ComCat), which can be cited using
3404:
These sources also have extensive discussion and references on the derivation and comparison of the various scales.
672:
3411:"Cat.": the Categories for tracking use of these various scales. "#" is the number of articles in that category.
345:
3427:
3247:
3186:
3136:
3083:
3031:
2946:
2895:
2844:
2792:
2741:
2685:
2635:
2579:
2527:
2481:
2432:
2387:
2334:
2276:
2224:
2170:
2124:
2069:
2011:
1955:
1899:
1827:
1776:
1730:
1684:
1638:
1592:
1546:
1493:
1444:
1391:
1332:
1259:
1198:
1141:
1104:
1071:
1027:
824:
589:
441:
425:
401:
386:
The 1964 Alaska earthquake, magnitude {{M|w|6.7|src=NEIC}}<ref>{{short-isc|EHB|869809}}.</ref> ....
290:
268:
153:
1156:
524:
164:
The full name serves to better identify this template's purpose. For most practical purposes, the shortcut
72:
2400:
2289:
2237:
1506:
1456:
757:
516:
760:) of scientific articles for notable events, indexed chronologically. (Useful for finding ISC event id.)
743:
100:
96:
118:
3306:
739:
684:
3443:
2024:
1965:
1909:
698:
3459:
3433:
800:
778:
708:
668:
3010:
108:
3472:
3449:
3346:
788:
746:). Data may be revised years later as more data is obtained or processes refined. This is the
89:
451:
can be produced as straight text, or as a math variable (applies CSS 'texhtml' styling using
3392:
3364:
1169:ยง4.1. "Local" to Southern Calif. Adapted for other regions, but not necessarily comparable.
3386:
2098:
861:". Other than that case is generally not significant, nor italicization or subscripting.
753:
409:
The special codes "M" and "mag" produce a suitably wikilinked caption for use in tables:
1409:
1348:
448:
3535:
3044:
2592:
735:
727:) is the final and authoritative archive of global earthquake data. Services include:
520:
455:
864:
The examples in the table are representative, even comprehensive, but not complete.
3006:
2140:
179:{{ M | <code*> | <value or relation> | src = <source> | link=y }}
2302:ยง4.4. Big "S": broadband s.w. (Ms_BB), or (older sources) mis-capitalized M
3396:
767:: Definitive magnitudes for selected earthquakes since 1900. (Source id: GEM.)
600:
579:
567:
485:
467:
431:
415:
365:
321:
309:
280:
258:
239:
225:
206:
168:
59:
3164:
Stover & Coffman, 1999. Est. from extent of felt-area. Multiple methods.
815:. Any scale not found in this table is mostly likely one of the following:
764:
656:
15:
509: Important note: Please do NOT specify a magnitude as "Richter scale"
353:
There are multiple magnitude scales. To maintain accuracy and avoid error
646:
3368:
2102:
621:
It is preferable that earthquake magnitudes always be obtained from
299:
To show that a magnitude is from a particular catalog or source use
641:" is a near-realtime repository of earthquake information from the
3342:
3338:
104:
63:
and changes may be widely noticed. Test changes in the template's
519:(USGS) and other seismological authorities now generally use the
252:
Label wikilinked to explanatory text (useful for first mention):
511:
just because a newspaper or other popular media says "Richter".
139:
For the "small letter m with dot below" please copy-and-paste: แน
827:
for explanation. This template does not cover intensity scales.
95:
This template should not be used in citation templates such as
3363:, Potsdam: IASPEI/GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences,
3358:
2456:
Measured from the vertical phase before that became standard.
649:, and other material. ComCat can be accessed in several ways:
84:
46:
2250:ยง4.4. small "s": Gutenberg (1945a) ~20 s period s.w.; Ms_20
3422:
Category:Articles using templated earthquake magnitude scale
3388:
3360:
2920:
2869:
534:
In general: where any source specifies magnitude on a scale
3107:ยง3.2.6.6. Generic mag. estimated from macroseismic effects
1573:
from centroid m.t.i. (moment tensor inversion) of W-phase.
3430:. Brief descriptions of the most common magnitude scales.
3298:
2097:ยง3.2.4.4; ยง4.6; Nuttli, 1986. North America east of the
870:
Labels and codes for various earthquake magnitude scales
3502:
3299:
International
Association of Earth Physics and Interior
1711:
from m.t.i. of whole seismogram at regional distances.
811:
These are the most commonly found scales of earthquake
748:
most complete, most authoritative, and preferred source
127:
3321:) National Earthquake Information Center (NEIC), the
605:. See below on how to find authoritative magnitudes.
1777:
1685:
381:
Typical use in article text, with in-line citation:
3248:
3223:est. from intensity reports; for Calif. and Hawaii
2580:
1619:from centroid m.t.i. of long-period surface waves.
1005:WP: the scale and/or magnitude needs verification.
103:, because it includes markup that will pollute the
3337:), as summarized in table 3 of the IASPEI/MNSOP-2
2433:
1142:
2482:
2171:
3331:Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America
2528:
1222:ยง3.2.4.7. Japanese Meteorological Agency. Also M
765:ISC-GEM Global Instrumental Earthquake Catalogue
395:" produces a suitable wikilink for generic use:
1639:
527:, explicitly denoted with the symbol "ML" or "M
3313:)(the second edition follows the IASPEI), the
3084:
1048:WP: "Richter" scale is asserted, but dubious.
1593:
986:
8:
1828:
1731:
1547:
1095:Source says "unknown" scale. Might be 1954 M
344:(Note: this is not suitable for purposes of
3187:
3137:
964:WP: scale is unspecified or indeterminate.
619:reliable sources for earthquake magnitudes.
3492:Editors can experiment in this template's
3032:
2845:
2125:
1072:
1028:
945:
375:
269:
2947:
2896:
2388:
2335:
2277:
2225:
1494:
1445:
750:for earthquake magnitudes and epicenters.
590:
2742:
2686:
2148:ยง3.2.4.4; ยง4.6; Nuttli, 1973. Same as mb
867:
515:. Earthquake magnitudes reported by the
2358:ยง4.4. 20 s period s.w. mag. per IASPEI
1665:from m.t.i. of long-period body waves.
1365:. In Newton-meters or dyne-centimeters
853:upper- and lower-case "M/m", "B/b", "L/
3057:Mag. calculated from "energy class" K
2505:Vertical phase on Chinese seismograph
2012:
1956:
1900:
1392:
1361:"M zero". A physical value, basis of M
1333:
835:
597:If you are not sure of the scale, use
399:
385:
300:
291:
2793:
2636:
2413:ยง4.5. Broadband s.w. mag. per IASPEI
75:. Consider discussing changes on the
7:
3307:New Manual of Seismological Practice
2070:
1422:"M zero" as a math variable in text
615:Newspapers and other mass media are
3352:Principal references on usage are:
3345:of MNSOP-2, ISC documentation, the
3341:. Additional magnitude scales from
3291:"! Est. from epicentral intensity.
633:(Advanced National Seismic System)
3454:International Seismological Centre
3378:Bormann, P.; Dewey, J. W. (2014),
3323:International Seismological Centre
1260:
774:Data from the ISC can cited using
725:International Seismological Centre
242:|w|6.2 โ 6.5}}
192:), other parameters are optional.
14:
3477:Template:Earthquake magnitude/doc
2551:1-second period per Nuttli, 1983
1283:Ad hoc methods for special cases
3424:, sub-categorized by scale used.
1757:from integrated p-wave ยง3.2.8.2
1199:
334: 8.1, M
88:
50:
19:
3315:United States Geological Survey
669:Significant Earthquakes archive
3436:For citing data from the USGS-
60:approximately 2,200 pages
1:
3297:Examples of use are from the
671:: a chronological listing of
3305:), the first edition of the
586:|link=y}}
228:|s|5.1}}
174:is used as described below.
107:metadata they produce; see
3573:
3466:
3397:10.2312/GFZ.NMSOP-2_IS_3.3
2712:Parts of Russia (Obninsk)
1978:ยง4.2; Gutenberg, 1945b,c.
356:please use the proper code
248: 6.2 โ 6.5
189:
116:
3526:Subpages of this template
3452:For citing data from the
3357:Bormann, P., ed. (2012),
2818:ยง3.2.4.5. Many variants.
1103:mag.; see below (gr), or
895:
892:
889:
886:
883:
880:
878:
875:
851:Be careful to distinguish
625:, such as the following.
513:That is usually incorrect
79:before implementing them.
71:subpages, or in your own
58:This template is used on
3542:Unit indicator templates
3428:Seismic magnitude scales
1866:"! USGS synonym for Mwp
825:Seismic intensity scales
525:Richter's original scale
447:The standard symbol for
154:Seismic magnitude scales
2445:surface wave, vertical
1910:body-wave, short-period
544:do not use the "w" code
219:With a value or range:
3552:Seismology measurement
3520:Add categories to the
3440:Comprehensive Catalog.
2822:JMA displacement mag.
2401:surface wave broadband
521:moment magnitude scale
517:U.S. Geological Survey
324:|e|8.8|
312:|w|8.1|
283:|b|5.2|
24:Template documentation
3339:Information Sheet 3.3
2662:"Richter"! Averaged M
2605:1954 G-R version of M
2183:Cumulative body-wave
1803:w/ duration ยง3.2.8.3
744:Flinn-Engdahl regions
637:, commonly known as "
623:authoritative sources
574:|5.7}}
549:does not actually say
109:Knowledge (XXG):COinS
3557:Earthquake templates
3385:, in Bormann (ed.),
2025:body-wave, broadband
1966:body-wave, broadband
328:USGS-PDE}}
3547:Character templates
3462:In-line short-cite.
3446:In-line short-cite.
3444:Template:Short-anss
3369:10.2312/GFZ.NMSOP-2
1519:ยง4.7. Use only for
994:Needs verification
876:As seen in sources
872:
801:doublet earthquakes
603:|?}}
209:|w}}
3460:Template:Short-isc
3434:Template:Cite anss
2919:ยง3.2.8.5. Used by
2868:ยง3.2.6.7. Used by
1469:dot: implicit Mw.
1037:Dubious "Richter"
868:
754:Event Bibliography
685:Interactive search
657:Latest Earthquakes
391:The special code "
3450:Template:Cite isc
3295:
3294:
2593:Gutenberg-Richter
2347:surface-wave 20s
1398:
1383:
1338:
1321:
1313:
1305:
1296:
1211:JMA "Local" mag.
1157:Local ("Richter")
923:
918:
913:
908:
903:
635:Composite Catalog
500:
480:
404:7 earthquake ....
349:
338: 8.8
188:is required (see
140:
115:
114:
83:
82:
3564:
3517:
3506:
3490:
3399:
3384:
3371:
3255:
3194:
3142:
3089:
3037:
2952:
2901:
2850:
2798:
2747:
2691:
2641:
2585:
2533:
2487:
2438:
2393:
2340:
2282:
2230:
2176:
2137:mb from Lg wave
2130:
2086:mb from Lg wave
2075:
2017:
1958:
1902:
1835:
1782:
1736:
1690:
1644:
1598:
1552:
1499:
1447:
1402:
1400:
1396:
1385:
1381:
1341:
1336:
1319:
1311:
1303:
1294:
1265:
1204:
1147:
1077:
1030:
988:
947:
921:
916:
911:
906:
901:
873:
837:
793:
787:
783:
777:
736:On-Line Bulletin
713:
707:
703:
697:
620:
604:
592:
587:
575:
510:
502:
498:
493:
478:
475:
460:
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439:
423:
377:
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343:
329:
317:
302:
293:
288:
274:
266:
243:
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210:
180:
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167:
138:
130:
101:Citation Style 2
97:Citation Style 1
92:
85:
54:
53:
47:
44:
25:
23:
22:
3572:
3571:
3567:
3566:
3565:
3563:
3562:
3561:
3532:
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3529:
3519:
3511:
3496:
3491:
3480:
3465:
3418:
3413:
3382:
3377:
3356:
3289:
3268:from intensity
3267:
3261:
3254:
3253:
3237:
3236:
3222:
3208:from felt-area
3207:
3200:
3193:
3192:
3176:
3153:from felt-area
3152:
3141:
3130:
3119:
3088:
3071:
3036:
2951:
2900:
2889:
2849:
2832:
2797:
2786:
2746:
2735:
2701:
2690:
2666:per Rothe 1969
2665:
2640:
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2608:
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2099:Rocky Mountains
2082:
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2016:
2004:
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346:WP:Verification
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2473:
2468:
2466:
2464:
2462:
2458:
2457:
2454:
2451:
2446:
2443:
2440:
2435:
2430:
2427:
2425:
2423:
2420:
2418:
2415:
2414:
2411:
2408:
2403:
2398:
2395:
2390:
2385:
2382:
2378:
2373:
2370:
2367:
2364:
2360:
2359:
2356:
2353:
2348:
2345:
2342:
2337:
2332:
2329:
2325:
2320:
2317:
2314:
2311:
2307:
2306:
2303:
2300:
2297:
2292:
2287:
2284:
2279:
2274:
2271:
2268:
2263:
2260:
2257:
2255:
2252:
2251:
2248:
2245:
2240:
2235:
2232:
2227:
2222:
2219:
2216:
2211:
2208:
2205:
2203:
2200:
2199:
2196:
2195:
2192:
2189:
2184:
2181:
2178:
2173:
2168:
2165:
2163:
2161:
2159:
2157:
2153:
2152:
2149:
2146:
2143:
2138:
2135:
2132:
2127:
2122:
2119:
2117:
2114:
2111:
2109:
2106:
2105:
2095:
2092:
2087:
2084:
2080:
2077:
2072:
2067:
2064:
2060:
2056:
2051:
2049:
2046:
2043:
2039:
2038:
2035:
2032:
2027:
2022:
2019:
2014:
2009:
2006:
2002:
1997:
1994:
1991:
1988:
1984:
1983:
1980:Case sensitive
1976:
1973:
1968:
1963:
1960:
1953:
1950:
1946:
1941:
1938:
1935:
1932:
1928:
1927:
1924:Case sensitive
1920:
1917:
1912:
1907:
1904:
1897:
1894:
1891:
1888:
1882:
1879:
1876:
1872:
1871:
1868:
1867:
1862:
1852:
1849:
1844:
1842:
1839:
1837:
1831:
1830:
1825:
1822:
1820:
1818:
1814:
1813:
1810:
1808:
1805:
1804:
1800:
1797:
1794:
1789:
1787:
1784:
1779:
1774:
1771:
1769:
1767:
1765:
1763:
1759:
1758:
1754:
1751:
1748:
1743:
1741:
1738:
1733:
1728:
1725:
1723:
1721:
1718:
1716:
1713:
1712:
1708:
1705:
1702:
1697:
1695:
1692:
1687:
1682:
1679:
1677:
1675:
1672:
1670:
1667:
1666:
1662:
1659:
1656:
1651:
1649:
1646:
1641:
1636:
1633:
1631:
1629:
1626:
1624:
1621:
1620:
1616:
1613:
1610:
1605:
1603:
1600:
1595:
1590:
1587:
1585:
1583:
1580:
1578:
1575:
1574:
1570:
1567:
1564:
1559:
1557:
1554:
1549:
1544:
1541:
1539:
1537:
1534:
1532:
1529:
1528:
1524:
1517:
1514:
1509:
1504:
1501:
1496:
1491:
1488:
1482:
1480:
1477:
1475:
1471:
1470:
1467:
1464:
1459:
1454:
1449:
1442:
1439:
1434:
1432:
1429:
1427:
1424:
1423:
1420:
1417:
1412:
1410:seismic moment
1407:
1404:
1395:
1389:
1386:
1380:
1376:
1374:
1372:
1370:
1367:
1366:
1362:
1359:
1356:
1351:
1349:seismic moment
1346:
1343:
1335:
1330:
1327:
1325:
1323:
1318:
1315:
1310:
1307:
1302:
1293:
1289:
1288:
1285:
1284:
1281:
1278:
1273:
1270:
1267:
1262:
1257:
1254:
1251:
1246:
1244:
1241:
1239:
1236:
1235:
1231:
1223:
1220:
1217:
1212:
1209:
1206:
1201:
1196:
1193:
1190:
1185:
1183:
1180:
1177:
1174:
1171:
1170:
1167:
1164:
1159:
1154:
1151:
1149:
1144:
1139:
1136:
1133:
1128:
1125:
1122:
1119:
1116:
1113:
1109:
1108:
1100:
1096:
1093:
1090:
1085:
1082:
1079:
1074:
1069:
1066:
1064:
1062:
1059:
1057:
1054:
1053:
1050:
1049:
1046:
1043:
1038:
1035:
1032:
1025:
1023:
1020:
1017:
1014:
1011:
1007:
1006:
1003:
1000:
995:
992:
989:
984:
982:
979:
976:
973:
970:
966:
965:
962:
959:
954:
951:
948:
943:
941:
938:
935:
932:
929:
925:
924:
919:
914:
909:
904:
898:
897:
894:
891:
888:
885:
882:
879:
877:
869:
866:
858:
854:
848:
847:
839:
836:|src=
828:
808:
807:Table of codes
805:
796:
795:
771:
770:
769:
768:
761:
751:
729:
728:
716:
715:
691:
690:
689:
688:
679:
678:
677:
676:
663:
662:
661:
660:
651:
650:
611:
608:
561:
553:
546:if the source
528:
506:
505:
504:
497:
477:
449:seismic moment
445:
444:
407:
406:
389:
388:
379:
378:
351:
350:
340:
339:
335:
331:
301:|src=
297:
296:
276:
271:
250:
249:
245:
235:
231:
217:
216:
212:
197:
194:
182:
181:
161:
158:
149:
145:
142:
141:
133:
132:
122:
117:
113:
112:
93:
81:
80:
55:
17:
16:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3569:
3558:
3555:
3553:
3550:
3548:
3545:
3543:
3540:
3539:
3537:
3527:
3523:
3515:
3510:
3504:
3500:
3495:
3488:
3484:
3478:
3474:
3470:
3469:documentation
3461:
3458:
3455:
3451:
3448:
3445:
3442:
3439:
3435:
3432:
3429:
3426:
3423:
3420:
3419:
3415:
3412:
3409:
3405:
3398:
3394:
3390:
3389:
3381:
3376:
3375:
3370:
3366:
3362:
3361:
3355:
3354:
3353:
3350:
3348:
3344:
3340:
3336:
3332:
3328:
3324:
3320:
3316:
3312:
3308:
3304:
3300:
3290:
3284:
3283:
3278:
3275:
3273:
3270:
3263:
3258:
3256:
3246:
3243:
3241:
3239:
3231:
3229:
3227:
3226:
3218:
3215:
3213:
3210:
3203:
3197:
3195:
3185:
3182:
3180:
3178:
3172:
3170:
3168:
3167:
3163:
3160:
3158:
3155:
3148:
3145:
3143:
3135:
3132:
3127:
3124:
3122:
3115:
3113:
3111:
3110:
3106:
3103:
3101:
3098:
3096:macroseismic
3095:
3092:
3090:
3082:
3079:
3077:
3075:
3073:
3067:
3065:
3064:
3061:
3060:
3056:
3053:
3051:
3048:
3046:
3043:
3040:
3038:
3030:
3027:
3025:
3023:
3020:
3018:
3016:
3015:
3012:
3008:
3004:
3001:
2999:
2996:
2993:
2990:
2987:
2985:
2983:
2981:
2978:
2976:
2974:
2973:
2969:
2966:
2964:
2961:
2958:
2955:
2953:
2945:
2942:
2940:
2938:
2935:
2932:
2930:
2929:
2926:
2925:
2922:
2918:
2915:
2913:
2910:
2907:
2904:
2902:
2894:
2891:
2886:
2883:
2881:
2879:
2877:
2875:
2874:
2871:
2867:
2864:
2862:
2859:
2857:tsunami mag.
2856:
2853:
2851:
2843:
2840:
2838:
2836:
2834:
2828:
2826:
2825:
2821:
2817:
2814:
2812:
2809:
2807:
2804:
2801:
2799:
2791:
2788:
2783:
2780:
2778:
2775:
2772:
2769:
2768:
2764:
2761:
2759:
2756:
2753:
2750:
2748:
2740:
2737:
2732:
2729:
2727:
2725:
2723:
2720:
2719:
2716:
2715:
2711:
2708:
2706:
2703:
2697:
2694:
2692:
2684:
2681:
2679:
2677:
2674:
2672:
2670:
2669:
2661:
2658:
2655:
2653:
2650:
2647:
2644:
2642:
2634:
2631:
2629:
2627:
2621:
2619:
2617:
2616:
2613:("Pasadena")
2604:
2601:
2599:
2596:
2594:
2591:
2588:
2586:
2578:
2575:
2570:
2567:
2565:
2559:
2557:
2555:
2554:
2550:
2547:
2545:
2542:
2540:surface wave
2539:
2536:
2534:
2526:
2523:
2521:
2519:
2513:
2511:
2509:
2508:
2504:
2501:
2499:
2496:
2494:surface wave
2493:
2490:
2488:
2480:
2477:
2472:
2469:
2467:
2465:
2463:
2460:
2459:
2455:
2452:
2450:
2447:
2444:
2441:
2439:
2431:
2428:
2426:
2424:
2421:
2419:
2417:
2416:
2412:
2409:
2407:
2404:
2402:
2399:
2396:
2394:
2386:
2383:
2377:
2374:
2371:
2368:
2365:
2362:
2361:
2357:
2354:
2352:
2349:
2346:
2343:
2341:
2333:
2330:
2324:
2321:
2318:
2315:
2312:
2309:
2308:
2301:
2298:
2296:
2293:
2291:
2288:
2285:
2283:
2275:
2272:
2267:
2264:
2261:
2258:
2256:
2254:
2253:
2249:
2246:
2244:
2241:
2239:
2236:
2233:
2231:
2223:
2220:
2215:
2212:
2209:
2206:
2204:
2202:
2201:
2198:
2197:
2193:
2190:
2188:
2185:
2182:
2179:
2177:
2169:
2166:
2164:
2162:
2160:
2158:
2155:
2154:
2147:
2144:
2142:
2139:
2136:
2133:
2131:
2123:
2120:
2118:
2115:
2112:
2110:
2108:
2107:
2104:
2100:
2096:
2093:
2091:
2088:
2085:
2078:
2076:
2068:
2065:
2055:
2052:
2050:
2047:
2044:
2041:
2040:
2036:
2033:
2031:
2028:
2026:
2023:
2020:
2018:
2010:
2007:
2001:
1998:
1995:
1992:
1989:
1986:
1985:
1981:
1977:
1974:
1972:
1969:
1967:
1964:
1961:
1959:
1954:
1951:
1945:
1942:
1939:
1936:
1933:
1930:
1929:
1925:
1921:
1918:
1916:
1913:
1911:
1908:
1905:
1903:
1898:
1895:
1889:
1886:
1883:
1880:
1877:
1874:
1873:
1870:
1869:
1865:
1859:
1858:
1853:
1850:
1848:
1845:
1843:
1838:
1836:
1826:
1823:
1821:
1819:
1811:
1809:
1807:
1806:
1798:
1795:
1793:
1790:
1788:
1785:
1783:
1775:
1772:
1770:
1768:
1766:
1764:
1761:
1760:
1752:
1749:
1747:
1744:
1742:
1739:
1737:
1729:
1726:
1724:
1722:
1719:
1717:
1715:
1714:
1706:
1703:
1701:
1698:
1696:
1693:
1691:
1683:
1680:
1678:
1676:
1673:
1671:
1669:
1668:
1660:
1657:
1655:
1652:
1650:
1647:
1645:
1637:
1634:
1632:
1630:
1627:
1625:
1623:
1622:
1614:
1611:
1609:
1606:
1604:
1601:
1599:
1591:
1588:
1586:
1584:
1581:
1579:
1577:
1576:
1568:
1565:
1563:
1560:
1558:
1555:
1553:
1545:
1542:
1540:
1538:
1535:
1533:
1531:
1530:
1527:, Mw, or mw.
1522:
1518:
1515:
1513:
1510:
1508:
1505:
1502:
1500:
1492:
1489:
1486:
1483:
1481:
1478:
1476:
1473:
1472:
1468:
1465:
1463:
1460:
1458:
1455:
1453:
1450:
1448:
1443:
1440:
1438:
1435:
1433:
1430:
1428:
1426:
1425:
1421:
1418:
1416:
1413:
1411:
1408:
1405:
1403:
1390:
1387:
1377:
1375:
1373:
1371:
1369:
1368:
1360:
1357:
1355:
1352:
1350:
1347:
1344:
1342:
1331:
1328:
1326:
1324:
1316:
1308:
1301:
1291:
1290:
1287:
1286:
1282:
1279:
1277:
1274:
1271:
1268:
1266:
1258:
1255:
1250:
1247:
1245:
1242:
1240:
1238:
1237:
1229:
1226:or MJMA, but
1221:
1218:
1216:
1213:
1210:
1207:
1205:
1197:
1194:
1189:
1186:
1184:
1181:
1175:
1173:
1172:
1168:
1165:
1163:
1160:
1158:
1155:
1150:
1148:
1140:
1137:
1132:
1129:
1123:
1120:
1114:
1111:
1110:
1106:
1094:
1091:
1089:
1086:
1083:
1080:
1078:
1070:
1067:
1065:
1063:
1060:
1058:
1056:
1055:
1052:
1051:
1047:
1044:
1042:
1039:
1036:
1033:
1031:
1026:
1024:
1021:
1018:
1015:
1012:
1009:
1008:
1004:
1001:
999:
996:
993:
990:
985:
983:
980:
977:
974:
971:
968:
967:
963:
960:
958:
955:
952:
949:
944:
942:
939:
936:
933:
930:
927:
926:
920:
915:
910:
905:
900:
899:
874:
865:
862:
852:
844:
840:
833:
829:
826:
822:
818:
817:
816:
814:
806:
804:
802:
790:
780:
773:
772:
766:
762:
759:
755:
752:
749:
745:
741:
737:
733:
732:
731:
730:
726:
722:
718:
717:
710:
700:
693:
692:
686:
683:
682:
681:
680:
674:
670:
667:
666:
665:
664:
658:
655:
654:
653:
652:
648:
644:
640:
636:
632:
628:
627:
626:
624:
618:
609:
606:
602:
595:
593:
585:
581:
573:
569:
559:
551:
550:
545:
539:
537:
532:
526:
522:
518:
514:
491:
487:
473:
469:
464:
463:
462:
457:
450:
443:
437:
433:
427:
421:
417:
412:
411:
410:
405:
403:
398:
397:
396:
394:
387:
384:
383:
382:
371:
367:
362:
361:
360:
358:
357:
347:
342:
341:
327:
323:
315:
311:
306:
305:
304:
294:
286:
282:
277:
275:
264:
261:|t|
260:
255:
254:
253:
241:
236:
227:
222:
221:
220:
208:
203:
202:
201:
195:
193:
191:
187:
177:
176:
175:
170:
159:
157:
155:
148: or mb
137:
136:
129:
124:
123:
120:
110:
106:
102:
98:
94:
91:
87:
86:
78:
74:
70:
66:
62:
61:
56:
49:
48:
42:
38:
34:
30:
3410:
3406:
3403:
3387:
3359:
3351:
3334:
3326:
3318:
3310:
3302:
3296:
3286:
3281:
3280:
3125:
3045:K-class mag.
3007:Energy class
2959:energy mag.
2908:mantle mag.
2884:
2819:
2781:
2754:coda length
2730:
2659:
2609:. Includes M
2568:
2470:
2375:
2322:
2290:surface wave
2265:
2238:surface wave
2213:
2101:, and other
2053:
1999:
1979:
1943:
1923:
1884:
1861:
1856:
1855:
1520:
1484:
1451:
1436:
1299:
1248:
1227:
1187:
1130:
953:Unspecified
863:
850:
849:
842:
831:
820:
812:
810:
797:
792:}}
786:{{
782:}}
776:{{
747:
720:
712:}}
706:{{
702:}}
696:{{
642:
638:
634:
630:
622:
616:
613:
610:Data sources
599:{{
596:
583:
578:{{
571:
566:{{
557:
548:
547:
543:
540:
535:
533:
512:
507:
492:}}
489:
484:{{
474:}}
471:
466:{{
459:}}
453:{{
446:
438:}}
435:
430:{{
422:}}
419:
414:{{
408:
392:
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380:
372:}}
369:
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355:
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284:
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200:Label only:
199:
185:
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166:{{
163:
143:
131:}}
125:{{
73:user subpage
57:
3473:transcluded
3329:), and the
1982:: use "B".
1507:moment mag.
1457:moment mag.
887:Mag. scale
823:scale. See
758:IRIS mirror
740:IRIS mirror
675:since 1900.
234: 5.1.
39:] [
35:] [
31:] [
3536:Categories
3467:The above
3282:upper-case
3011:Template:K
2048:mb_Lg, MLg
1926:: use "b"
1857:lower-case
1272:by "hand"
838:parameter.
699:short-anss
536:other than
285:link=y
263:link=y
69:/testcases
3524:subpage.
3509:testcases
3343:Chapter 3
2970:ยง3.2.7.2
2765:ยง3.2.4.5
2698:Russian M
2194:ยง3.2.8.1
896:Comments
843:technical
821:intensity
813:magnitude
779:short-isc
709:cite_anss
647:ShakeMaps
564:. E.g.:
482: ;
476: โ M
402:magnitude
393:magnitude
330: โ M
244: โ M
230: โ M
211: โ M
77:talk page
3416:See also
3279:Only if
2994:K-class
2806:duration
1854:Only if
1521:explicit
1084:Unknown
857:", and "
832:regional
789:cite isc
576:โ M5.7;
558:implicit
494: โ
440: โ
424: โ
374: โ
326:src=
314:src=
289: โ
267: โ
196:Examples
184:A valid
119:Shortcut
65:/sandbox
3501:|
3494:sandbox
3487:history
3485:|
2103:cratons
1720:Mwp, wp
1674:Mwr, wr
1628:Mwb, wb
1582:Mwc, wc
1536:Mww, ww
1401:
1340:
1234:(JMA).
1230: M
503:
215:
37:history
3518:pages.
3303:IASPEI
3009:. Use
2648:Rothe
1922:ยง4.3.
1415:M_0tex
902:IASPEI
846:scale.
673:events
639:ComCat
582:|
570:|
488:|
470:|
434:|
418:|
368:|
3475:from
3383:(PDF)
3311:NMSOP
2406:M_sbb
2363:Ms_BB
2351:M_s20
2310:Ms_20
2090:M_bLg
2042:mb_Lg
2037:ยง4.2
2030:M_Bbb
1987:mB_BB
1792:M_wpd
1479:Mw, w
1215:M_jma
907:NMSOP
890:Cat.
884:Code
190:table
160:Usage
105:COinS
43:]
41:purge
27:[
3522:/doc
3514:edit
3507:and
3503:diff
3499:edit
3483:edit
3438:ANSS
3347:USGS
3335:BSSA
3319:USGS
3212:M_la
3157:M_fa
3120:, FA
3100:M_ms
3021:M(K)
3005:See
2921:PTWC
2870:PTWC
2705:M_LH
2598:M_gr
2544:M_sn
2498:M_s7
2381:(BB)
2328:(20)
2187:M_Bc
2045:mbLg
2005:(BB)
1949:(BB)
1762:Mwpd
1746:M_wp
1700:M_wr
1654:M_wb
1608:M_wc
1562:M_ww
1462:M_w.
1406:0tex
1105:here
1099:or M
1088:M_uk
1041:M_R?
998:M_??
922:BSSA
912:USGS
784:and
763:The
734:The
719:The
704:and
643:USGS
631:ANSS
629:The
490:0tex
456:mvar
442:Mag.
186:code
99:and
33:edit
29:view
3471:is
3393:doi
3365:doi
3327:ISC
3272:M_I
3050:M_K
3035:(K)
2963:M_e
2912:M_m
2861:M_t
2820:Not
2811:M_d
2758:M_c
2675:MLH
2660:Not
2652:M_r
2611:PAS
2461:Ms7
2449:M_z
2397:sbb
2391:sBB
2344:s20
2338:s20
2295:M_S
2243:M_s
2156:mBc
2141:M_N
2021:bbb
1971:M_B
1915:M_b
1847:M_i
1786:wpd
1780:wpd
1512:M_w
1354:M_0
1276:M_h
1228:not
1208:jma
1202:JMA
1191:JMA
1178:JMA
1162:M_L
1101:PAS
957:M_?
917:ISC
881:WP
859:I/i
819:An
721:ISC
617:not
461:):
436:mag
295:5.2
67:or
3538::
3479:.
3391:,
3276:0
3244:โ
3216:0
3191:la
3183:โ
3175:La
3161:0
3146:fa
3140:fa
3133:โ
3129:fa
3118:fa
3104:0
3093:ms
3087:ms
3080:โ
3070:ms
3054:0
3028:โ
3002:0
2967:0
2943:โ
2936:Me
2933:Me
2916:0
2892:โ
2865:0
2841:โ
2815:0
2789:โ
2776:MD
2773:Md
2770:Md
2762:0
2738:โ
2721:Mc
2709:0
2695:lh
2689:LH
2682:โ
2656:0
2632:โ
2602:0
2589:gr
2583:GR
2576:โ
2572:GR
2562:GR
2548:0
2537:sn
2531:sn
2524:โ
2516:Sn
2502:0
2491:s7
2485:s7
2478:โ
2474:S7
2453:0
2429:โ
2422:Mz
2410:0
2384:โ
2372:MS
2369:--
2366:Ms
2355:0
2331:โ
2319:Ms
2316:Ms
2313:Ms
2299:0
2273:โ
2262:MS
2259:Ms
2247:0
2221:โ
2210:Ms
2207:Ms
2191:0
2180:bc
2172:mB
2167:โ
2150:Lg
2145:0
2121:โ
2116:MN
2113:Mn
2094:0
2073:Lg
2071:mb
2066:โ
2059:(L
2034:0
2015:BB
2013:mB
2008:โ
1993:--
1990:mB
1975:0
1957:mB
1952:โ
1937:--
1934:mB
1931:mB
1919:0
1901:mb
1896:โ
1881:mb
1878:mb
1875:mb
1851:0
1824:โ
1801:wp
1796:0
1773:โ
1750:0
1740:wp
1734:wp
1727:โ
1704:0
1694:wr
1688:wr
1681:โ
1658:0
1648:wb
1642:wb
1635:โ
1612:0
1602:wc
1596:wc
1589:โ
1566:0
1556:ww
1550:ww
1543:โ
1516:0
1490:โ
1474:Mw
1466:0
1441:โ
1419:0
1388:โ
1358:0
1329:โ
1298:,
1280:0
1256:โ
1243:Mh
1219:0
1195:โ
1182:Mj
1166:0
1138:โ
1121:ML
1112:ML
1107:.
1097:GR
1092:0
1081:uk
1075:uk
1068:โ
1061:UK
1045:0
1034:R?
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1002:0
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893:#
841:A
830:A
594:.
588:โ
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428:;
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348:.)
318:,
303::
292:mb
156:.
150:Lg
111:.
3528:.
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3456:.
3400:.
3395::
3372:.
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2998:K
2991:โ
2988:โ
2979:K
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2645:r
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