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At the top of the steps is a statue of Cybele enthroned, with a turreted crown and lion attendants. This is consistent with a colossal, fragmentary statue of the goddess, found within the temple precincts. The goddess' meteoric stone may have been kept on a pedestal within the temple
337:
For the complete description of the ruins and argument for identification, see Mitt. 1895, 1‑28; 1906, 277; for the coins, ib. 1908, 368‑374; in general, HJ 51‑4; Rosch. II.1666‑1667; Gilb. III.104‑107; Graillot, Cybele (Bibl. Ec. Franç. 107, 320‑326; SScR
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relief, which represents Magna Mater in aniconic mode; her empty throne and crown are flanked by two figures of Attis reclining on tympanons; and by two lions who eat from bowls, as if tamed by the goddess' unseen presence.
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were staged. The goddess's altar was visible both from the proscenium and the temple's interior. The original temple burned down in 111 BC, and was restored by one
Metellus, possibly
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368:"Maurus Servius Honoratus, Commentary on the Aeneid of Vergil, SERVII GRAMMATICI IN VERGILII AENEIDOS LIBRVM SEPTIMVM COMMENTARIVS., line 188"
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The temple was 33.18 metres deep, and its frontage 17.10 metres wide, accessed by steps of the same width. It was built in the
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as being "conical in shape, of a deep brown color" with the appearance of molten rock and sharp to a point. This
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was Rome's first and most important temple to the Magna Mater ("Great Mother"), who was known to the Greeks as
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The temple remained in use until the late 4th century. It was destroyed in 394 AD, on the orders of
Emperor
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I2 pp235, 314‑315, cf. p251 = VI.32498; Fast. Ant. ap. NS 1921, 91) and celebrated in front of the temple (
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Ovid gives simply
Metellus. Roller, 1999, p. 291 states that "it has been plausibly argued that this was
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319:, who would have built the temple with funds from military spoils and dedicated it in 101 BC".
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is thought to show the same temple, with curved roof and a flight of steps.
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431:. Berkeley and Los Angeles, California: University of California Press.
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Temple of Magna Mater on a relief now in Villa Medici, Rome
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In Search of God the Mother: The Cult of
Anatolian Cybele
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Buildings and structures demolished in the 4th century
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The temple was sited on the high western slope of the
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471:2nd-century BC religious buildings and structures
350:"Ancient Rome in the Light of Recent Discoveries"
251:Persecution of pagans in the late Roman Empire
150:festival was held on the temple's proscenium.
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348:Lanciani, Rodolfo (1898).
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93:41°53′22″N
19:See also:
338:247‑249).
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155:Palatine
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301:Ovid
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