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then successively at 52-year intervals. The last phase of construction probably dates to 1507 and measures 62 meters wide by 50 meters deep. Aztec influence is apparent from the third stage in 1351, the following stages were purely Aztec in style, as demonstrated by the sloping tiers of the pyramid rather than the vertical walls apparent in the earlier stages.
480:), a low platform supporting 138 stone sculptures of snakes. Their bodies were once covered with plaster and painted in a variety of colours, with their scales painted black. On the north and south sides of the temple, at ground level, are two sculptures of coiled serpents . The crests on their heads bear markings representing the stars and identify them as
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once stood. The temple of Tlaloc occupied the northern part of the main temple while the
Huitzilopochtli temple stood to the south. Some of the temple steps are carved with year-glyphs such as knives, circles and shields. To the south of the stairway at ground level is a projecting platform bearing
468:
temples, various phases of construction were built one on top of the other. In the case of
Tenayuca, the size of the building increased through six phases of construction but the basic form remained unchanged. The original double pyramid was enlarged five times, the first time probably in 1299 and
420:
Aztec temple architecture primarily developed at
Tenayuca, which has the earliest example yet found of the typical Aztec double pyramid, which consists of joined pyramidal bases supporting two temples. After Tenayuca came under Aztec dominance, the Aztecs adopted this innovative style for the
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200 meters from the main temple of
Tenayuca are the remains of what appear to have been an elite residential complex, with surviving plaster floors in some rooms. This area has been labelled Tenayuca II by archaeologists and appears to have gone through various phases of construction.
925:
Histoire des nations civilisées du
Mexique et de l'Amérique-Centrale, durant les siècles antérieurs à Christophe Colomb, écrite sur des documents originaux et entièrement inédits, puisés aux anciennes archives des indigènes; vol.
597:
328:. Xolotl was succeeded by Nopaltzin who consolidated the Chichimec empire . His son, Tlotzin, became lord of Tenayuca. When Nopaltzin died, his successor Quinatzin transferred the seat of Chichimec power to
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In the late 13th century A.D., some time after the arrival of the
Chichimecs at Tenayuca, Tochintecuhtli, the ruling lord of Tenayuca, allied himself with Huetzin, lord of the
320:" tribe that had settled in the Valley of Mexico in the period some time after the 12th-century collapse of the former political hegemony in the Valley — the so-called
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The site consists of a massive truncated temple platform with a double stairway rising on the western side to where the twin temples of
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This altar, decorated with skulls and crossed bones was found in the pyramids base with human bone fragments remaining
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At some point the site was abandoned. It was rediscovered during excavations made by
Mexican archaeologists in 1925.
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There are several altars and shrines nearby that were also excavated, some of these also have serpent sculptures.
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However archaeological remains recovered from
Tenayuca indicate that the site had already been occupied in the
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484:(the fire serpent). All the serpent sculptures around the temple were associated with fire and sun worship.
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The base of the Aztec temple of
Tenayuca — adorned with a row of rattlesnake sculptures, known as
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statue at
Tenayuca, Aztec period Right:Location of Tenayuca in the basin of Mexico. Click to enlarge.
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and its wall of serpents remains mostly intact on three sides of the base of the pyramid.
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North altar to the side of the pyramid. The snake sculpture is between the two platforms
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By some historiographic traditions Tenayuca had been founded ca. 1224 by
952:. Pelican Books series (1990 reprint ed.). Harmondsworth, England:
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Tenayuca was still occupied, and fighting took place there in 1520. The
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Section of serpent wall or coatepantli on the northwest side of pyramid
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The temple of Tenayuca is better preserved than the similar temple of
891:
Stories in Red and Black: Pictorial Histories of the Aztec and Mixtec
638:
453:
321:
819:
Foundation for the Advancement of Mesoamerican Studies, Inc. (FAMSI)
39:
435:
372:, long before this foundational event described in several of the
986:. Civilization of the American Indian series, no. 188. Norman:
260:
Tenayuca is considered to be the earliest capital city of the
1108:(second ed.). Malden MA; Oxford and Carlton, Australia:
928:. Libraire de la Société de Géographie (in French). Paris:
332:, relegating Tenayuca to a site of secondary importance.
770:
768:
984:
Aztec Warfare: Imperial Expansion and Political Control
1234:
Buildings and structures completed in the 13th century
1049:
An Archaeological Guide to Central and Southern Mexico
1018:
Time, History, and Belief in Aztec and Colonial Mexico
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referred to Tenayuca as the "town of the serpents".
461:sculptures of crossed bones and projecting skulls.
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1229:Buildings and structures in the State of Mexico
861:Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collection
500:National Institute of Anthropology and History
1137:"Dictionnaire de la langue nahuatl classique"
496:Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia
494:The temple of Tenayuca is in the care of the
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1214:Archaeological sites in the State of Mexico
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472:The grand temple base is surrounded by a
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921:Brasseur de Bourbourg, Charles Étienne
300:. It falls within the urban sprawl of
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579:Coiled snake sculpture at north altar
288:The temple of Tenayuca is located in
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615:Southwest portion of the coatepantli
416:Genesis of Aztec sacred architecture
567:Museum exhibit of settlements glyph
19:For the American labor leader, see
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1239:Former populated places in Mexico
720:Kelly 2001, pp. 92–93.
374:Mesoamerican historical documents
1244:Archaeological museums in Mexico
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23:. For the Metrobús station, see
806:Aguilar-Moreno, Manuel (2007).
316:, a semi-legendary ruler of a "
241:. In the Postclassic period of
25:Tenayuca (Mexico City Metrobús)
1249:Museums in the State of Mexico
950:The Ancient Kingdoms of Mexico
421:worship of their own deities.
1:
654:List of Mesoamerican pyramids
502:) and is open to the public.
44:The Aztec pyramid of Tenayuca
16:Archaeological site in Mexico
1053:University of Oklahoma Press
988:University of Oklahoma Press
1104:Smith, Michael E. (2003) .
519:View of pyramids north side
432:Site layout and description
237:archaeological site in the
1270:
815:Aztec Art and Architecture
783:Matos Moctezuma 2002, p57.
253:(the heart of present-day
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1022:University of Texas Press
895:University of Texas Press
857:Aztec Imperial Strategies
855:; Emily Umberger (1996).
199:
37:
1071:Matos Moctezuma, Eduardo
792:Davies 1982, 1990, p232.
753:Davies 1982, 1990, p167.
729:Davies 1982, 1990, p166.
555:Inside of pyramid museum
407:Bernal Díaz del Castillo
227:[te.naˈyoʔ.kaːn]
1185:19.532167°N 99.168472°W
1139:(in French and Nāhuatl)
1135:Wimmer, Alexis (2006).
774:Smith 1996, 2003, p.41.
324:empire, emanating from
243:Mesoamerican chronology
219:
127:19.532167°N 99.168472°W
449:
105:Geographic coordinates
63:preserved, with museum
1190:19.532167; -99.168472
1079:Royal Academy of Arts
1047:Kelly, Joyce (2001).
887:Boone, Elizabeth Hill
439:
132:19.532167; -99.168472
1110:Blackwell Publishing
849:Elizabeth Hill Boone
531:East side of pyramid
290:San Bartolo Tenayuca
1219:Tlalnepantla de Baz
1181: /
762:Hassig 1988, p.152.
398:At the time of the
302:Greater Mexico City
294:Tlalnepantla de Baz
171:Direction of façade
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88:Tlalnepantla de Baz
77:Greater Mexico City
33:Pyramid of Tenayuca
1224:Pyramids in Mexico
859:. Washington, DC:
845:Richard E. Blanton
841:Berdan, Frances F.
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21:Emma Tenayuca
1173:19°31′55.8″N
1166:
1162:(in Spanish)
1141:. Retrieved
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1074:
1048:
1017:
1014:Hassig, Ross
983:
980:Hassig, Ross
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830:. Retrieved
823:the original
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298:Mexico State
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274:walled place
273:
271:
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251:Tenochtitlan
247:Lake Texcoco
235:Mesoamerican
211:
210:
204:(in Spanish)
143:Architecture
115:19°31′55.8″N
98:Mexico State
84:Municipality
1209:Aztec sites
1188: /
1176:99°10′6.5″W
808:"Aztec Art"
739:Rabbit Lord
644:Teopanzolco
474:coatepantli
442:coatepantli
255:Mexico City
220:Tenanyohcān
130: /
118:99°10′6.5″W
1203:Categories
1143:2008-06-27
1106:The Aztecs
1077:. London:
1051:. Norman:
1020:. Austin:
893:. Austin:
832:2008-06-27
799:References
464:Like many
426:Tlatelolco
389:Tulancingo
385:Coatlichán
223:pronounced
482:Xiuhcoatl
360:xiuhcoatl
318:Chichimec
268:Etymology
262:Chichimec
190:60 meters
182:52 meters
1128:59452395
1097:56096386
1073:(2002).
1040:44167649
1016:(2001).
1006:17106411
982:(1988).
972:11212208
948:(1982).
923:(1858).
913:40939882
889:(2000).
879:27035231
690:Archived
633:See also
381:Acolhuas
284:Location
212:Tenayuca
73:Location
68:Location
938:1885747
743:Nahuatl
446:Nahuatl
330:Texcoco
308:History
278:Nahuatl
230:) is a
195:Website
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1116:
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1075:Aztecs
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639:Aztecs
454:Tlaloc
322:Toltec
314:Xolotl
179:Length
151:Temple
60:Status
50:Region
826:(PDF)
811:(PDF)
660:Notes
358:Left:
296:, in
187:Width
161:Aztec
157:Style
94:State
1124:OCLC
1114:ISBN
1093:OCLC
1083:ISBN
1057:ISBN
1036:OCLC
1026:ISBN
1002:OCLC
992:ISBN
968:OCLC
958:ISBN
934:OCLC
909:OCLC
899:ISBN
875:OCLC
865:ISBN
456:and
326:Tula
174:West
148:Type
741:in
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383:of
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