563:
285:
Principal
Finance Group and that Hands' profile was overshadowing the bank. The existing portfolio of investments that the Principal Finance Group at Nomura held from 1994 through 2002 was transferred to a new fund named Terra Firma Capital Partners I and Terra Firma continued to manage those investments for Nomura. Nomura also provided a cornerstone commitment to Terra Firma's first independent fund, Terra Firma Capital Partners II.
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257:, turned down his investment plan. At Nomura, Hands and his team completed over $ 20 billion of leveraged buyouts. By 2000, Hands was reported to have generated profits for the bank in excess of $ 1.9 billion making him a star financier in London. The group's most notable previous acquisitions included
472:
In May 2013, the verdict from the New York trial was overturned on appeal and a new trial announced, after it was found that the
American trial Judge, Jed Rakoff, had incorrectly instructed the jury. The US federal appeals court noted that "because the district court's jury instructions were based on
468:
Citigroup took ownership of EMI Group from Terra Firma on 1 February 2011, wiping out the firm's investments and writing off £2.2 billion of debt. Terra Firma was reported to have lost $ 2.5 billion in the EMI transaction, representing roughly one-third of Terra Firma's investor's capital as well as
453:
By the fall of 2008, the firm's investment in EMI was clearly troubled with a large debt load and weak earnings In early 2009, Terra Firma wrote down the value of its investment by €1.37 billion, approximately 46% of its original value. However, Terra Firma and Hands personally continued to put new
508:
In
September 2015, Terra Firma appointed Justin King as vice-chairman. That same month is also completed the sale of German motorway services operator Tank & Rast to a consortium led by Allianz SE. Terra Firma Chairman and CIO Guy Hands announced in 2015 that the firm will only charge investors
476:
A new judge-led trial is due to take place in London in June 2016. The original claim that Citi had lied about the presence of a rival bidder in the auction for EMI, which led Terra Firma to bid for the music group, will be heard by the
English court. Filings show that a new, additional claim, that
316:
Terra Firma closed its second independent fund, Terra Firma
Capital Partners III in June 2007 with approximately €5.4 billion of investor commitments. The closing of the fund coincided with the announcement of the firm's ill-fated investment in EMI just weeks earlier and a high-profile attempt to
288:
In 2004, Terra Firma completed fundraising for its first private equity fund with over €2 billion in investor commitments. The firm had closed on its first €1 billion of capital by late 2002, only a matter of a few months after launching the firm, but amidst a difficult fundraising environment
284:
In 2002, with support from Nomura, Hands completed a spin-out of the bank's private equity operations to form Terra Firma, after first contemplating a move to another major financial institution. The previous year, there had been reports that Nomura had too much of its capital invested in the
485:
In mid-2011, months after the loss of EMI, Terra Firma began speaking with potential investors about the firm's next fund, Terra Firma
Capital Partners IV, targeting to raise upwards of £2.5 billion, which would be roughly half the size of its predecessor which raised £4.8 billion. With the
509:
on money which has been invested in deals, rather than the industry norm of charging fees on all committed capital, an approach described as a "radical break with industry conventions". In
February 2017, Terra Firma Capital Partners started a sale process for its wind-energy business in the
501:
In July 2013, Terra Firma partially exited
Deutsche Annington, Germany's largest private landlord, through an IPO on the Frankfurt Stock Exchange. It later fully exited the company in May 2014 through a distribution in specie to investors in the Terra Firma Deutsche Annington fund.
325:
In raising Terra Firma
Capital III, the firm made a strong display of avoiding "club deals", transactions completed alongside other private equity firms. In addition to presenting what was described as unique investment opportunities, Terra Firma was active in providing
742:
In mid-2011, Terra Firma began speaking with potential investors about the firm's next fund, Terra Firma
Capital Partners IV. Terra Firma is targeting to raise upwards of £2.5 billion, which would be roughly half the size of its predecessor with raised £4.8 billion.
1467:, a non-profit charitable fund which aims to make charitable investments that directly benefit the local community in the borough of Southwark. Terra Firma has donated more than £1.6 million to local charities through this Trust.
708:), the firm's first independent fund, was closed in February 2004 with €2.1 billion of investor commitments. In addition to Nomura, which made a cornerstone investment, the fund raised capital from 65 investors from 21 countries.
659:
Terra Firma has been an active investor in renewable energy. Its investments include Infinis, a UK independent pure green energy business, EverPower, a U.S. based wind energy business and RTR, an Italian solar energy business.
2775:, 7 Brook. J. Corp. Fin. & Com. L. 589, 597–604 (2013) (describing Terra Firma's purchase of EMI, Citigroup's seizure of the company, and the subsequent breakup, sale, and antitrust scrutiny surrounding the music company).
449:
Around the same time, EMI announced restructuring plans to cut between 1,500 and 2,000 jobs and to reduce costs by £200 million a year. As a result, the UK chief executive Tony Wadsworth left EMI shortly after the buyout.
1459:
Terra Firma is a founding member of the Private Equity Foundation, an organisation which aims to invest the capital and expertise of the private equity community into charities to help them achieve their strategic goals.
341:
on transparency and disclosure. In April 2008, the firm published its first ever Annual Review, which exceeded the Walker reporting requirements and set a standard for voluntary private equity reporting in the UK.
465:, claiming the bank engaged in fraud during its auction of the company in 2007. The lawsuit went to trial in New York in late 2010 and resulted in a jury finding in favor of Citigroup and against Terra Firma.
309:. At the time, this represented the largest debut fund for a European private equity firm. The firm had completed its first transaction as an independent firm in mid-2003 with the £315 million acquisition of
486:
exception of EMI, the balance of Terra Firma's current fund was reportedly performing well, although the fund was still under water. In November 2011, Terra Firma was reported to be in discussions with a
738:) closed in December 2012 and is a single asset fund raised to acquire Annington Homes from Nomura. TFSOFI raised a total of £470 million from investors around the world, both institutional and private.
3235:
2813:
213:
of large, asset-rich businesses, often with complex structural or regulatory issues. The firm often targets under-performing businesses in need of strategic, operational, or management change.
3394:
648:
In 2015 Terra Firma announced its intention to sell the Odeon/UCI cinema group for a reported £1 billion. In July 2016, the company was bought for $ 921 million by the American company
2042:
383:
Terra Firma acquired EMI in a $ 4.7 billion (£2.4 billion) public-to-private buyout transaction in August 2007. It was one of the last large European buyouts completed before the
3399:
3308:
350:
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698:) was formed in 2002 to house the assets that had been acquired from 1994 through 2002, while the team was still part of Nomura. Nomura was the sole investor in this fund.
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718:) was formed in 2006 to house the firm's German housing investments Deutsche Annington (DAIG). The firm raised €2.1 billion of investor commitments from 21 investors.
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about a new capital commitment to allow the firm to continue investing after the end of the investment period of TFCP III. In March 2012 they bought
277:
521:
Between 1994 and 2011, Terra Firma and its predecessor invested approximately €13 billion in equity and completed transactions with an aggregate
2414:
1651:
728:) was closed in May 2007 with €5.4 billion of investor commitments. The fund's limited partnership comprises 159 investors from 26 countries.
2046:
2115:"Terra Firma's £2.3bn battle with Citi over EMI sale set for 2016 trial | The Lawyer | Legal News and Jobs | Advancing the business of law"
1964:
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attempted to leave EMI due to their dissatisfaction with the Terra Firma takeover but EMI threatened legal action against them for
2114:
1523:
322:
206:. The firm, which traces its roots to the formation of its predecessor in 1994, has invested over €14 billion since inception.
2890:
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505:
In August 2013, Terra Firma sold Phoenix Natural Gas to funds managed by Hastings, the Australian infrastructure fund manager.
384:
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903:
458:. By 2010, it was reported that Hands had invested between 60% and 70% of his personal net worth in the EMI transaction.
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656:. The deal received approval from the European Commission on 17 November 2016, and was completed on 30 November 2016.
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2015:
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an inaccurate understanding of the relevant English law, the case must be vacated and remanded for a new trial.
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Terra Firma logo used by the firm from its founding 2002 through 2006, when fundraising began for TFCP III
37:
387:. Terra Firma invested in the deal through its TFCP II and TFCP III funds, and also included a number of
3182:
3090:
2028:
1535:
1370:
855:
808:
638:
622:
610:
609:), leasing companies and pubs. Since 2002, the firm has made major investments in the waste management (
562:
555:
487:
411:
310:
298:
270:
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2995:
2872:
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1456:
Terra Firma Capital Partners Limited donates 10% of its annual pre-tax profits each year to charity.
327:
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3000:
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306:
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1988:
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and July of the same year bought Four Seasons Health Care. In December 2012 the acquisition of
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57:
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591:
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investments. Hands joined Nomura after three other banks, including his previous employer
3245:
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331:
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money into the company in order to avoid a default under its loan obligations to lender,
426:. Under Terra Firma's ownership, EMI also signed several significant new acts, including
751:
The following are among the firm's most notable current and former portfolio companies:
3070:
2985:
2862:
2822:
1843:
1794:
1768:
1593:
1147:
671:
in June 2021. The following month, Terra Firma was reported to be bidding £700m to buy
582:
477:
Citi failed to disclose relevant information about EMI's finances, will also be heard.
399:
337:
Terra Firma was the first large private equity firm based in the UK to comply with the
318:
294:
250:
195:
102:
47:
3383:
3177:
3162:
3142:
3030:
2791:
2424:
1666:
1247:
1172:
642:
626:
587:
539:
510:
254:
2772:
Mergers of Majors: Applying the Failing Firm Doctrine in the Recorded Music Industry
2682:
2016:
Citigroup Is Cleared of Fraud in EMI Sale, a Setback for British Financier Guy Hands
3290:
3215:
3187:
3132:
3025:
1483:
1220:
803:
649:
435:
427:
266:
1872:
1720:
289:
required more than a year to finish fundraising. Investors in the fund included
3075:
668:
653:
2457:
2444:
3240:
3010:
664:
637:). TFCP has also made significant investments in German residential housing (
532:, which was later taken over by Citigroup, the main lender in the investment.
419:
136:
2393:
2360:
2313:
2152:
3137:
1403:
462:
455:
395:
242:
199:
115:
85:
550:
535:
461:
In December 2009, Terra Firma filed a lawsuit against EMI's primary lender
1721:
ILPA Private Equity Principles. Institutional Limited Partners Association
379:; Terra Firma acquired EMI in 2007 and lost control of the company in 2011
367:
2528:"AMC Theatres Becomes World's No. 1 Chain As Odeon & UCI Deal Closes"
2445:
EMI taken over by Citigroup in deal to write off debts - BBC News article
2043:"EMI announces successful capital restructuring, and change of ownership"
672:
663:
In April 2021, Terra Firma purchased Kier Living, the housing arm of the
543:
221:
119:
528:
Terra Firma is known for its failed investment in British music company
1590:
World Business Briefing | Europe: Britain: Nomura Investor To Open Fund
1074:
618:
225:
26:
2840:
2189:
1690:
595:
376:
217:
96:
2770:
1632:
1620:
1550:
2141:"Terra Firma Makes New Allegations Against Citigroup Over EMI Deal"
1605:
1569:
570:
1633:
Guy Hands' Terra Firma holds first close on debut independent fund
675:
with a view to combining it with the former Kier Living business.
581:
569:
561:
549:
534:
414:
outside of its contract with EMI, which expired in February 2008.
275:
148:
2091:"US Appeals Court tosses verdict Terra Firma – Citigroup dispute"
209:
Terra Firma invests across a range of sectors and has focused on
154:
2795:
2415:"Terra Firma Starts Sale Process for U.S. Wind-Energy Business"
1606:
Nomura signs agreement with Guy Hands to invest in Terra Firma
951:
634:
529:
394:
Following the transition, several important artists including
372:
362:
2650:"Guy Hands eyes housebuilding empire with £700m Keepmoat bid"
2564:
Bloomberg New Energy Finance Names Top Clean Energy Investors
1652:
Guy Hands holds second closing for Terra firma fund on E1.7bn
2785:
2502:"AMC Theatres' Odeon & UCI Acquisition Gets EU Approval"
2707:
Nomura placates investors as William Hill float is scrapped
2334:"Terra Firma confirms ex-Sainsburys King as vice- chairman"
1941:
Terra Firma Writes Off Half of EMI Investment, Report Says
241:
Terra Firma (solid Earth) traces its origins to 1994 when
2302:"Terra Firma sells Phoenix Natural Gas to Hastings funds"
1965:
Could Terra Firma Follow In Forstmann Little's Footsteps?
1570:
Hands seen dropping plans for major bank role in new fund
349:'s private equity principles and is a signatory to the
176:
2576:
Terra Firma mulls sale of green energy developer Infinis
601:
The firm's early investments, while still a division of
398:
walked away from the label, while other artists such as
2277:"Deutsche Annington to Seek Up to $ 763 Million in IPO"
1744:$ 4.7 Billion Private Equity Buyout Wins Support at EMI
2456:
reporter, Chris Johnston Business (25 February 2015).
2175:
Terra Firma's Guy Hands searches for £2.5bn investment
2382:"Terra Firma breaks with private equity norm on fees"
2349:"Allianz-Led Consortium to Buy Back Tank & Rast"
683:
Since founding in 1994, Terra Firma has raised five
351:
United Nations Principles for Responsible Investment
3196:
3115:
3039:
2976:
2933:
2924:
2881:
2833:
171:
161:
146:
132:
109:
91:
81:
63:
53:
43:
33:
1463:In 2002, Terra Firma and its employees set up the
347:Institutional Limited Partners Association (ILPA)
202:founded the firm in 2002 through the spin-off of
3395:Financial services companies established in 2002
2723:"Terra Firma – The Terra Firma Charitable Trust"
2185:
2183:
2065:
2063:
2624:"Kier completes £110m sale of housing business"
2226:Wembridge, Mark; Sakoui, Anousha (2012-03-26).
402:left ahead of the takeover. At the same time,
313:, the largest operator of landfills in the UK.
2228:"Terra Firma buys Garden Centre in £276m deal"
2202:Former Citi Buyout Banker Heads to Terra Firma
2011:
2009:
1953:Terra Firma Prevents EMI Default on Citi Loans
1732:EMI Accepts $ 4.7 Billion Bid From Terra Firma
2807:
2685:(company website), Accessed November 29, 2011
2275:David, Ruth; Kirchfeld, Aaron (9 July 2013).
1669:. Private Equity International, Jun 19, 2007
1484:"Private Equity & Terra Firma – About Us"
8:
3400:Financial services companies based in London
3309:Private equity and venture capital investors
2170:
2168:
2029:Citigroup wrestles EMI from Guy Hands' grasp
2001:Financier And Banker To Face Off On EMI Sale
1709:Private Equity is Still Not Showing its Hand
1621:UK Terra firma announces final close on E2bn
1536:Nomura's guy hands: Dealmaker extraordinaire
1495:
1493:
469:more than 60% of Hands' personal net worth.
19:
2347:Henning, Eyk; Raice, Shayndi (2015-08-03).
1989:Suit Accuses Citigroup of Fraud in EMI Deal
1867:
1865:
3390:Private equity firms of the United Kingdom
3344:
3324:
3281:Taxation of private equity and hedge funds
3098:Private investment in public equity (PIPE)
2930:
2814:
2800:
2792:
2458:"Odeon cinemas set to go on sale for £1bn"
2263:Guy Hands set for £3.5bn Army housing deal
2214:Terra Firma seeks €1bn sovereign fund pool
1977:Hands on the Stand: Replaying the EMI Deal
1662:
1660:
753:
25:
18:
3405:2002 establishments in the United Kingdom
2678:
2676:
2674:
2672:
2670:
2251:Terra Firma to buy Four Seasons for £825m
2190:Terra Firma targets €3bn fund, says Hands
1931:. London Evening Standard. 18 Feb, 2011.
1898:EMI's New Boss Sees Cracks in Music World
1679:Battle of the Bands: Citigroup Is Up Next
566:An RTR solar energy installation in Italy
2744:
2742:
2599:"Terra Firma Buys Italian Solar Company"
1616:
1614:
732:Terra Firma Special Opportunities Fund I
366:
2045:. EMI Music. 2011-02-01. Archived from
1922:Give Guy credit for EMI's Brits success
1546:
1544:
1475:
613:), energy (BGCL, East Surrey Holdings,
228:. It has a staff of over 90 employees.
2483:
2473:
2717:
2715:
2709:. The Independent, February 22, 1999
2526:Lieberman, David (30 November 2016).
2265:. Financial Times, November 16, 2012
2216:. Financial Times, November 24, 2011
237:1994–2006: Founding and early history
7:
2079:. New York Times, February 22, 2011
1991:. New York Times, December 12, 2009
1912:. New York Times, November 21, 2008
1822:"Stones Shine a Light on EMI's Woes"
1756:Terra Firma Said to Unveil EMI Plans
1667:Terra Firma closes €5.4 billion fund
2552:Bloomberg New Energy Finance Report
2018:. New York Times, November 5, 2010
2003:. New York Times, October 14, 2010
1979:. New York Times, October 20, 2010
1844:"Stones ditching EMI for Universal"
1795:"Stones sign one-album record deal"
1758:. New York Times, November 13, 2007
1681:. New York Times, February 6, 2010
1500:Hands edges toward Nomura exit door
321:, which was ultimately acquired by
2413:Dummett, Ben (February 23, 2017).
2253:. Financial Times, April 30, 2012
1769:"Profile: British music giant EMI"
14:
1873:"EMI set to cut up to 2,000 jobs"
1551:UK Terra Firma to seal debut deal
323:Kohlberg Kravis Roberts & Co.
188:Terra Firma Capital Partners Ltd.
3364:
3363:
3354:
3353:
3343:
3334:
3333:
3323:
3314:
3313:
3304:
3303:
2611:from the original on 2021-03-08.
2380:Cotterill, Joseph (2015-06-21).
2070:Guy Hands Offers EMI Post-Mortem
1967:. New York Times, June 16, 2010
1943:. New York Times, March 3, 2009
1910:Guy Hands Sees No Sunshine Ahead
1538:. Global Finance, November 2001
722:Terra Firma Capital Partners III
652:, owned by Chinese conglomerate
216:Terra Firma is headquartered in
2683:Terra Firma: Investor Relations
2648:Kleinman, Mark (13 July 2021).
2587:Terra Firma buys Everpower Wind
2204:. New York Times, June 6, 2011
1955:. New York Times, May 14, 2010
1900:. New York Times, June 16, 2008
1746:. New York Times, May 22, 2007
1734:. New York Times, May 21, 2007
1526:. Business Week, June 5, 2000
1514:. Financial News, June 14, 2000
702:Terra Firma Capital Partners II
3081:Publicly traded private equity
2336:. AltAssets. 8 September 2015.
1691:Terra Firma 2007 Annual Review
712:Terra Firma Deutsche Annington
692:Terra Firma Capital Partners I
667:, for £110m, rebranding it as
247:Nomura Principal Finance Group
204:Nomura Principal Finance Group
58:Nomura Principal Finance Group
1:
3349:List of venture capital firms
2697:. The Telegraph, Jul 1, 2001
2695:Nomura plots Unique pubs sale
2622:Simpson, Jack (1 June 2021).
2192:. AltAssets, August 22, 2011
2177:. The Telegraph, Jul 3, 2011
1050:Hyder Business Services (HBS)
904:Consolidated Pastoral Company
406:signed a one-album deal with
345:Terra Firma has endorsed the
3329:List of private equity firms
3086:Business Development Company
2786:Terra Firma Capital Partners
2749:Terra Firma Charitable Trust
2139:Javed, Ayesha (2014-04-07).
1465:Terra Firma Charitable Trust
1323:United Cinemas International
249:, which focused on European
20:Terra Firma Capital Partners
16:UK-based private equity firm
2300:Smyth, Jamie (2013-08-02).
1524:The Man Who Loves Disasters
1273:Thorn Electrical Industries
69:; 22 years ago
3421:
3173:High-net-worth individuals
2963:Leveraged recapitalization
2032:, The Guardian Feb 1, 2011
1654:. AltAssets, Nov 11, 2003
1608:. AltAssets, Jan 18, 2002
1579:. AltAssets, Jul 30, 2001
542:owned rest stop along the
385:2007–2008 financial crisis
360:
3299:
3061:Limited liability company
3021:Venture capital financing
2968:Dividend recapitalization
1642:. AltAssets, Nov 1, 2002
1623:. AltAssets, Mar 3, 2004
1560:. AltAssets, Jun 9, 2003
928:Deutsche Annington (DAIG)
641:) and motorway services (
357:2007–2011: EMI investment
24:
1025:Four Seasons Health Care
334:investors in its funds.
265:, the UK bookmaker, and
3128:Institutional investors
2604:The Wall Street Journal
2420:The Wall Street Journal
492:The Garden Centre Group
3266:Liquidation preference
3231:Distribution waterfall
3183:Sovereign wealth funds
2506:The Hollywood Reporter
1711:. The Telegraph, 2007
1426:Wyevale Garden Centres
1000:First Quench Retailing
605:, focused on housing (
598:
579:
567:
559:
547:
481:2011–present: Post-EMI
416:Thirty Seconds to Mars
380:
281:
3339:Venture capital firms
3091:Venture capital trust
2566:. Bloomberg.com, 2010
1371:Waste Recycling Group
1277:Consumer goods rental
856:AWAS Aviation Capital
809:Rolling stock company
633:) and music sectors (
621:), aircraft leasing (
611:Waste Recycling Group
585:
573:
565:
556:AWAS Aviation Capital
553:
538:
488:sovereign wealth fund
412:Universal Music Group
370:
311:Waste Recycling Group
299:Adams Street Partners
279:
271:rolling stock company
3319:Private equity firms
3047:Private equity firms
2996:Post-money valuation
2873:Equity co-investment
685:private equity funds
391:in the transaction.
328:equity co-investment
141:private equity funds
3369:Portfolio companies
3286:Undercapitalization
3138:Insurance companies
3056:Limited partnership
3001:Pre-money valuation
2769:Joshua R. Wueller,
2353:Wall Street Journal
2145:Wall Street Journal
1596:, November 10, 2001
747:Portfolio companies
615:Phoenix Natural Gas
389:equity co-investors
371:The head office of
317:acquire UK chemist
307:Canada Pension Plan
291:Wilshire Associates
163:Number of employees
21:
3221:Capital commitment
2991:Business incubator
2958:Buy–sell agreement
2754:2012-07-30 at the
2727:www.terrafirma.com
2486:has generic name (
2075:2012-04-06 at the
1927:2011-02-25 at the
1696:2008-07-09 at the
1638:2012-04-19 at the
1575:2012-04-19 at the
1556:2012-04-19 at the
1298:Unique Pub Company
639:Deutsche Annington
599:
580:
568:
560:
548:
424:breach of contract
408:Interscope Records
404:The Rolling Stones
381:
297:, Horsley Bridge,
282:
3377:
3376:
3226:Capital structure
3111:
3110:
2953:Divisional buyout
2948:Management buyout
2943:Financial sponsor
2788:(company website)
2554:. Bloomberg, 2011
2119:www.thelawyer.com
1879:. 15 January 2008
1801:. 17 January 2008
1775:. 15 January 2008
1449:
1448:
1252:Motorway services
339:Walker Guidelines
330:opportunities to
211:leveraged buyouts
198:firm. Financier
185:
184:
3412:
3367:
3366:
3357:
3356:
3347:
3346:
3337:
3336:
3327:
3326:
3317:
3316:
3307:
3306:
3168:Commercial banks
3158:Investment banks
3066:Carried interest
2931:
2834:Investment types
2816:
2809:
2802:
2793:
2758:
2746:
2737:
2736:
2734:
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2710:
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2698:
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2199:
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2160:
2159:
2136:
2130:
2129:
2127:
2126:
2121:. 3 October 2014
2111:
2105:
2104:
2102:
2101:
2089:Membership, FT.
2086:
2080:
2067:
2058:
2057:
2055:
2054:
2039:
2033:
2025:
2019:
2013:
2004:
1998:
1992:
1986:
1980:
1974:
1968:
1962:
1956:
1950:
1944:
1938:
1932:
1919:
1913:
1907:
1901:
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1884:
1869:
1860:
1859:
1857:
1855:
1840:
1834:
1833:
1831:
1829:
1820:Jenison, David.
1817:
1811:
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1806:
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1521:
1515:
1509:
1503:
1497:
1488:
1487:
1480:
1398:William Hill plc
1376:Waste management
1226:Waste management
1221:Shanks Group plc
860:Aircraft leasing
754:
679:Investment funds
592:Leicester Square
578:processing plant
574:An Infinis Ltd.
525:of €44 billion.
523:enterprise value
305:, Citigroup and
220:with offices in
194:) is a UK-based
181:
178:
151:
77:
75:
70:
29:
22:
3420:
3419:
3415:
3414:
3413:
3411:
3410:
3409:
3380:
3379:
3378:
3373:
3359:Angel investors
3295:
3246:High-yield debt
3199:financial terms
3198:
3192:
3107:
3035:
3016:Startup company
2972:
2926:
2920:
2877:
2829:
2827:venture capital
2820:
2782:
2766:
2764:Further reading
2761:
2756:Wayback Machine
2747:
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2398:
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2386:Financial Times
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2318:
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2306:Financial Times
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2232:Financial Times
2225:
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2196:
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2083:
2077:Wayback Machine
2068:
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2052:
2050:
2041:
2040:
2036:
2026:
2022:
2014:
2007:
1999:
1995:
1987:
1983:
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1971:
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1959:
1951:
1947:
1939:
1935:
1929:Wayback Machine
1920:
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1640:Wayback Machine
1631:
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1604:
1600:
1588:COWELL, ALAN. "
1587:
1583:
1577:Wayback Machine
1568:
1564:
1558:Wayback Machine
1549:
1542:
1534:
1530:
1522:
1518:
1510:
1506:
1498:
1491:
1482:
1481:
1477:
1473:
1454:
1248:Tank & Rast
1101:Inn Partnership
1080:waste-to-energy
831:Annington Homes
769:Investment year
749:
681:
643:Tank & Rast
607:Annington Homes
576:waste-to-energy
558:leased aircraft
540:Tank & Rast
519:
498:was completed.
496:Annington Homes
483:
444:Professor Green
440:Lady Antebellum
432:Eliza Doolittle
365:
359:
332:limited partner
259:Annington Homes
239:
234:
175:
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112:
105:
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73:
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68:
17:
12:
11:
5:
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3178:Family offices
3175:
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3163:Merchant banks
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3112:
3109:
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3071:Management fee
3068:
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3034:
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3028:
3023:
3018:
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3008:
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2986:Angel investor
2982:
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2830:
2823:Private equity
2821:
2819:
2818:
2811:
2804:
2796:
2790:
2789:
2781:
2780:External links
2778:
2777:
2776:
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2760:
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2699:
2687:
2666:
2640:
2628:Inside Housing
2614:
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2081:
2059:
2034:
2020:
2005:
1993:
1981:
1969:
1957:
1945:
1933:
1914:
1902:
1890:
1861:
1850:. 25 July 2008
1835:
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1736:
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1594:New York Times
1581:
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1504:
1502:. May 7, 2001
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719:
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699:
680:
677:
673:Keepmoat Homes
518:
515:
482:
479:
400:Paul McCartney
358:
355:
319:Alliance Boots
295:Partners Group
251:private equity
238:
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196:private equity
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103:United Kingdom
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48:Private equity
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15:
13:
10:
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3:
2:
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3143:Fund of funds
3141:
3139:
3136:
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3133:Pension funds
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3031:Venture round
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3022:
3019:
3017:
3014:
3012:
3009:
3007:
3004:
3002:
2999:
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2891:Early history
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2425:New York City
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2049:on 2011-08-11
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3076:Pledge fund
2868:Secondaries
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1402:Services -
1148:Le Méridien
1054:Outsourcing
962:TFCP II/III
908:Agriculture
866:TFCP II/III
669:Tilia Homes
654:Wanda Group
625:), cinema (
517:Investments
303:NIB Capital
137:Investments
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3384:Categories
3241:Envy ratio
3148:Endowments
3011:Seed money
2925:Terms and
2732:2016-05-20
2537:1 December
2467:2016-05-20
2399:2016-05-20
2366:2016-05-20
2319:2016-05-20
2286:2016-05-20
2237:2022-12-27
2158:2016-05-17
2125:2016-05-17
2100:2016-05-17
2095:www.ft.com
2053:2011-11-16
1471:References
1408:Historical
1404:bookmakers
1380:Historical
1353:Historical
1330:Historical
1305:Historical
1280:Historical
1255:Historical
1230:Historical
1180:Historical
1155:Historical
1130:Historical
1107:Historical
1057:Historical
1029:Healthcare
1007:Historical
959:Historical
934:Historical
886:Historical
813:Historical
786:Historical
775:Deal size
665:Kier Group
546:in Germany
420:Joss Stone
361:See also:
177:terrafirma
157:11 billion
111:Key people
3211:Cap table
3116:Investors
3040:Structure
2858:Mezzanine
2846:Leveraged
2476:cite news
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2361:0099-9660
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883:Utilities
772:Exit year
463:Citigroup
456:Citigroup
396:Radiohead
269:, the UK
243:Guy Hands
200:Guy Hands
116:Guy Hands
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3261:Leverage
3197:Related
2927:concepts
2752:Archived
2654:Sky News
2609:Archived
2532:Deadline
2462:BBC News
2073:Archived
1925:Archived
1883:16 March
1877:BBC News
1848:BBC News
1828:17 March
1805:17 March
1799:BBC News
1779:16 March
1773:BBC News
1694:Archived
1636:Archived
1573:Archived
1554:Archived
1436:TFCP III
1420:€1,104m
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3271:M&A
2978:Venture
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2853:Venture
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1433:Current
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1327:Cinemas
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