308:
40:
1495:
602:
588:
616:
437:
words typically were invented, introduced from other German dialects of the region, or
English loanwords were introduced for words not present in 19th-century German. Dialect leveling is also found throughout many of the American German dialects including Texas German. In some cases, these new words
318:
While most heritage languages in the United States die out by the third generation, Texas German is unusual in that most German Texans continued to speak German in their homes and communities for several generations after settling in the state. The State of Texas recognized German as having equal
354:
It's an odd mixture of
English and 19th-century German," says Boas ... "Hardly any of the Texas Germans speak alike. There's a lot of variation in the dialect. Texas German borrows about 5 to 6 percent of its vocabulary from
327:. Afterwards, Texas schools mandated English-only instruction, and required children to learn English in school regardless of what language they spoke at home. Due to the assimilation of these communities and strong
1093:
195:
1086:
369:
An episode with the title "Texas German" was published on the podcast Yellow of the Egg in 2022, where Dr. Hans C. Boas (Director of the Texas German
Dialect Project) was a guest.
425:, has a German-speaking population of 2,270, 11.51% of the county's total. In all, 82,100 German-speakers reside in the state of Texas, including European German speakers.
1079:
897:
1556:
1287:
1531:
347:
1536:
1201:
950:
659:
771:
1045:
722:
906:
1551:
1546:
1280:
708:
339:, Texas German speakers decided to stop transmitting the language to their children, and shifted towards speaking only English.
1526:
874:
343:
814:
1478:
1566:
1561:
1541:
1499:
1273:
1165:
644:
995:
982:
968:
929:
409:, all of which except for Schulenburg and Weimar, lie in the traditional Texas German heartland of the Hill Country.
381:, the town with the largest community of Texas German speakers, representing 12.48% of the total population, 840 in
1314:
1119:
1417:
1405:
307:
1521:
1249:
819:
211:
1211:
113:
103:
870:"Vanishing Voices: Linguists work with remaining speakers of dying languages to preserve cultural memories"
1473:
1344:
346:
is recording and studying the dialect, building on research originally performed by Dr. Glenn
Gilbert of
1228:
1196:
1170:
1123:
378:
328:
244:
123:
1437:
1129:
899:
Microsoft Word - Life and Death of Texas German review - Review of Life and Death of Texas German.pdf
634:
382:
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39:
1457:
252:
1376:
1296:
869:
276:
264:
232:
108:
66:
954:
363:, describes the German dialects which may have been the source of the language spoken in Texas.
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1327:
1041:
718:
422:
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1357:
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A short documentary project named "All Güt Things" was produced about Texas German in 2016.
320:
438:
also exist in modern
Standard German, but with a different meaning. For instance, the word
1442:
1350:
1103:
776:
468:
434:
284:
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216:
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1322:
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799:
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1216:
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685:
414:
406:
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292:
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118:
76:
44:
1427:
1422:
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1175:
1145:
654:
629:
593:
336:
740:
Legends of Texas
Barbecue Cookbook: Recipes and Recollections from the Pitmasters
639:
386:
377:
As of the U.S. 2000 Census, some 1,035 people report speaking German at home in
332:
324:
272:
841:
601:
1008:"Texas German Dialect Project – Dedicated to the Preservation of Texas German"
583:
433:
Texas German is adapted to U.S. measurement and legal terminologies. Standard
296:
164:
152:
930:
MLA Language Map Data Center results, Fredericksburg, Texas, all languages
846:
714:
1223:
445:
228:
1040:. Publication of the American Dialect Society. Duke University Press.
1265:
394:
815:"Texas German dying out: language of settlers aging with its users"
56:
1269:
1075:
951:"MLA Language Map Data Center results, Fredericksburg, Texas"
772:"Documentarians fight to preserve dying Texas-German dialect"
219:
spoken by descendants of mid-19th century German settlers,
451:
The table below illustrates some examples of differences:
842:"German dialect in Texas is one of a kind, and dying out"
969:"MLA Language Map Data Center results, Stonewall, Texas"
1066:
983:"MLA Language Map Data Center results, Harper, Texas"
1007:
996:
MLA Language Map Data Center results, Comfort, Texas
1466:
1393:
1313:
1237:
1189:
1138:
1111:
176:
162:
150:
145:
92:
82:
72:
62:
52:
23:
352:
1281:
1087:
766:
764:
8:
755:German-American Life: Recipes and Traditions
493:
483:
439:
29:
1288:
1274:
1266:
1094:
1080:
1072:
413:, with the communities of Fredericksburg,
38:
20:
453:
306:
945:
943:
941:
939:
937:
671:
348:Southern Illinois University Carbondale
1062:"All Gut Things" crowdsourcing project
16:German dialects of south-central Texas
210:
7:
1557:German language in the United States
660:German language in the United States
753:John D. Zug; Karin Gottier (1991).
429:Comparisons with German and English
373:Current distribution and population
1038:The Life and Death of Texas German
813:O'Connor, Kyrie (March 10, 2013).
361:The Life and Death of Texas German
14:
1532:German-American culture in Texas
1494:
1493:
614:
600:
586:
742:. Chronicle Books. p. 119.
800:"The Laws of Texas, 1822-1897"
681:"Auf Wiedersehen to a Dialect"
1:
1537:Endangered diaspora languages
875:University of Texas at Austin
757:. Penfield Press. p. 58.
1479:Black American Sign Language
1067:Texas German Dialect Project
444:(used for "airplane") means
359:Boas' book on the language,
342:Currently, Dr. Hans Boas at
235:, and founded the towns of
1583:
1308:indicate extinct languages
1489:
1406:Southern American English
1303:
679:Vince, Katy (July 2013).
494:
484:
440:
303:History and documentation
37:
30:
28:
1250:Kiautschou German pidgin
1202:Argentinian Swiss German
820:San Antonio Express-News
710:Germany and the Americas
217:German language dialects
1552:Gillespie County, Texas
1547:German-American history
344:the University of Texas
313:Karte des Staates Texas
212:[ˈtɛksasˌdɔʏtʃ]
1474:American Sign Language
357:
315:
203:
1124:Namibian Black German
1106:spoken outside Europe
1036:Boas, Hans C (2009).
707:Adam, Thomas (2005).
329:anti-German sentiment
310:
1527:New Braunfels, Texas
1438:Afro-Seminole Creole
1315:Indigenous languages
1238:Asia and the Pacific
635:New Braunfels, Texas
473:Literal translation
448:in Standard German.
311:A Texas German map,
225:Texas German Country
67:Texas German Country
1394:Immigrant languages
1217:Paraná Volga German
957:on August 15, 2013.
738:Robb Walsh (2016).
645:Pennsylvania German
538:blanket (borrowing)
465:Literal translation
323:from 1846 up until
223:. They settled the
1567:Diaspora languages
1562:Languages of Texas
1542:Texas Hill Country
1297:Languages of Texas
1166:Pennsylvania Dutch
316:
265:Texas Hill Country
1509:
1508:
1263:
1262:
780:. October 5, 2016
577:
576:
188:
187:
1574:
1497:
1496:
1401:American English
1290:
1283:
1276:
1267:
1207:Brazilian German
1197:Alemán Coloniero
1181:Wisconsin German
1161:Hutterite German
1096:
1089:
1082:
1073:
1051:
1023:
1022:
1020:
1018:
1004:
998:
993:
987:
986:
979:
973:
972:
965:
959:
958:
953:. Archived from
947:
932:
927:
921:
920:
919:
917:
912:on July 12, 2010
911:
905:, archived from
904:
894:
888:
887:
885:
883:
866:
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859:
857:
855:
838:
832:
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804:
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796:
790:
789:
787:
785:
768:
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758:
750:
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743:
735:
729:
728:
717:. p. 1031.
704:
698:
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650:Hutterite German
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608:Languages portal
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458:American English
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411:Gillespie County
215:) is a group of
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1522:German dialects
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1151:Alsatian German
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1130:Nataler Deutsch
1120:Namibian German
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777:The Daily Texan
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573:empty; used up
546:blanket, cover
469:Standard German
435:American German
431:
375:
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227:, running from
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96:Language family
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84:Native speakers
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11:
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1467:Sign languages
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1433:Texas Silesian
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1245:Barossa German
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1056:External links
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878:. May 10, 2010
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850:. May 14, 2013
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523:flight thing
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500:stink animal
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114:West Germanic
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104:Indo-European
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88:70,000 (1972)
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77:Texas Germans
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1428:Texas German
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1339:Lipan Apache
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1255:Unserdeutsch
1229:Plautdietsch
1212:Ostpommersch
1176:Texas German
1171:Plautdietsch
1146:Amana German
1037:
1015:. Retrieved
1011:
1002:
991:
977:
963:
955:the original
925:
914:, retrieved
907:the original
898:
892:
880:. Retrieved
873:
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852:. Retrieved
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824:. Retrieved
818:
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782:. Retrieved
775:
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690:. Retrieved
684:
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655:Plautdietsch
630:German Texan
594:Texas portal
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462:Texas German
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337:World War II
331:during both
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253:Pflugerville
233:Hills Region
224:
204:Texasdeutsch
191:Texas German
190:
189:
183:de-u-sd-ustx
170:
163:
129:Texas German
128:
47:architecture
45:Texas German
31:Texasdeutsch
24:Texas German
18:
1423:Texas Czech
784:October 10,
640:Czech Texan
561:empty; gone
387:Schulenburg
333:World War I
325:World War I
277:Schulenburg
273:North Texas
124:High German
1516:Categories
1458:Vietnamese
666:References
511:Luftschiff
485:Stinkkatze
441:Luftschiff
423:Luckenbach
405:and 19 in
319:status to
297:East Texas
208:pronounced
1377:Karankawa
1118:Namibia:
1017:April 29,
495:Stinktier
490:stink cat
419:Stonewall
391:Stonewall
385:, 150 in
355:English.'
196:‹See Tfd›
165:Glottolog
153:ISO 639-3
73:Ethnicity
1500:Category
1384:Cotoname
1333:Kickapoo
1328:Comanche
1012:tgdp.org
882:June 30,
847:BBC News
715:ABC-CLIO
692:April 7,
580:See also
519:Flugzeug
506:airplane
401:, 45 in
397:, 65 in
393:, 70 in
389:, 85 in
285:Industry
269:Muenster
237:Bulverde
109:Germanic
1453:Tagalog
1448:Chinese
1418:Spanish
1371:Koasati
1365:Atakapa
1358:Tonkawa
1306:Italics
1224:Hunsrik
1030:Sources
916:June 2,
854:June 2,
826:June 2,
802:. 1898.
534:Blanket
529:blanket
515:airship
446:airship
403:Comfort
321:Spanish
289:New Ulm
281:Brenham
263:in the
261:Comfort
257:Walburg
231:to the
229:Houston
1443:French
1351:Solano
1112:Africa
1104:German
1044:
721:
421:, and
415:Harper
407:Weimar
399:Harper
395:Boerne
293:Weimar
275:; and
249:Boerne
200:German
63:Region
1323:Caddo
910:(PDF)
903:(PDF)
542:Decke
479:skunk
57:Texas
1042:ISBN
1019:2019
918:2013
884:2019
856:2013
828:2013
786:2016
719:ISBN
694:2015
569:alle
565:leer
552:gone
335:and
299:.
291:and
259:and
178:IETF
171:None
557:all
295:in
271:in
1518::
1122:,
1010:.
936:^
872:.
844:.
817:.
774:.
763:^
713:.
683:.
567:;
417:,
287:,
283:,
279:,
267:;
255:,
251:,
247:,
243:,
239:,
206:,
202::
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1282:t
1275:v
1095:e
1088:t
1081:v
1050:.
1021:.
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971:.
886:.
858:.
830:.
788:.
727:.
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193:(
158:–
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