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designed lifespan. The standard of protection it provides will gradually decline over time after 2030, from a 1-in-1000-year event. The
Environment Agency was examining the Thames Barrier for its potential design life under climate change, with early indications being that subject to appropriate modification, the Thames Barrier would be capable of providing continued protection to London against rising sea levels.
287:
5406:
32:
5418:
507:). The mechanical and hydraulic machinery was built by Davy Loewy, Henry Berry and Vickers and trial assembled in Davy's Darnall works. Delays to the civil works required changes to the construction and installation sequence, but commissioning was relatively uneventful and the first trial operation of all the gates together was carried out on 31 October 1982.
1410:
A UK Environment Agency review in 2023 said that new climate models showed heightened risk of flooding, implying a need for raised defences upstream of the Thames
Barrier by 2050, but that the Thames Barrier was expected to continue to operate until 2070. A decision on the best option for adapting to
483:
Work began at the barrier site in 1974 and progressed in two phases. The southern piers (9 to 6) were built first, with river traffic diverted to the north side, then traffic routed through the completed southern spans whilst the north side piers (1 to 5) were built. During construction of the piers,
367:
and parts of London, recommended that "as an alternative to raising the banks, the possibility and cost of erecting a structure across the Thames which could be closed in a surge should be urgently investigated". A number of designs were put forward, from a huge road viaduct with two 500 foot (150 m)
517:
Built across a 520-metre (1,710 ft) wide stretch of the river, the barrier divides the river into four 61-metre (200 ft) and two approximately 30-metre (100 ft) navigable spans. There are also four smaller non-navigable channels between nine concrete piers and two abutments. The flood
395:
was asked to take an independent view of the situation. He considered the estimated construction costs and the probability of a flood and of damage if the barrier was not built. He strongly recommended that a barrier should be built in order to avoid the catastrophe of flooding central London, and a
1315:
of one hundred years) up to the year 2030, after which the protection would decrease, while remaining within acceptable limits. At the time of its construction, the barrier was expected to be used 2â3 times per year. By the mid-2000s it was being operated 6â7 times a year. In the 2010s, the barrier
1237:
in the North Sea which was compared to the one in 1953. The main danger of flooding from the surge was on the coast above the Thames
Barrier, where evacuations took place, but the winds abated a little and, at the Thames Barrier, the 9 November 2007 storm surge did not completely coincide with high
522:
in cross section, and they operate by rotating, raised to allow "underspill" to allow operators to control upstream levels and a complete 180 degree rotation for maintenance. All the gates are hollow and made of steel up to 40 millimetres (1.6 in) thick. The gates are filled with water when
1401:
The
Environment Agency responded that it did not plan to replace the Thames Barrier before 2070, as it was designed with an allowance for sea level rise of 8 mm (0.31 in) per year, which has not happened in the intervening years. At the time, the barrier was around halfway through its
1278:
said the pageant provided "a unique opportunity to test its design for a longer period than we would normally be able to", and performance under conditions of "a higher water level upstream than downstream"; also that the "more stable tidal conditions âĶ in central London âĶ will help the vessels
1378:
and marine engineers
Beckett Rankine launched a proposal for a pedestrian and cycle bridge located next to the Thames Barrier; the scheme, called the Thames Barrier Bridge, was promoted as the only location in east London where a low-level opening bridge across the Thames could have relatively
1319:
This defence level allowed for long-term changes in sea and land levels as understood at that time (c. 1970). From 1982 until 19 March 2007, the barrier was raised one hundred times to prevent flooding. It is also raised monthly for testing, with a full test closure over high tide once a year.
1262:
hit one of the piers in thick fog. As the ship started to sink she dumped her 3,300-tonne load of aggregate, finally sinking by the bow on top of one of the barrier's gates, where she lay for several days. Initially the gate could not be closed as it was covered in a thick layer of gravel. A
557:
1398:, a former member of the Thames Barrier Project Management Team, Dr Richard Bloore, stated that it was not designed with increased storminess and sea level rises in mind, and called for a new barrier to be looked into immediately.
2064:
420:
out of action and cause damage estimated in 1966 at ÂĢ2 billion (about ÂĢ50 billion at 2020 prices). The barrier was designed to provide a flood defence capable of resisting a once in 1000 year surge tide at a base date of 2030.
2672:
2136:
322:. It has been operational since 1982. When needed, it is closed (raised) during high tide; at low tide, it can be opened to restore the river's flow towards the sea. Built about 2 miles (3.2 kilometres) east of the
5449:
415:
and cause surges of up to 3.5 metres (11.6 feet). The planners assessed that in the absence of a barrier, such a surge could inundate 45 square miles (117 km) of land, put hospitals, power stations and the
5454:
5376:
1821:
Manufacture and
Installation of the Barrier Gates and Operating Machinery â P F Harvey, Davy Cleveland Barrier Consortium â Institution of Mechanical Engineers â Paper presented at a meeting on 8th June
5494:
503:. The gates, gate arms and rocking beams were transported from the Tees to the Thames by barge and lifted into position by two very large floating cranes operated by Neptun of Hamburg (now part of
5499:
514:. The barrier cost ÂĢ461 million (ÂĢ1.49 billion now). Total construction cost was around ÂĢ534 million (ÂĢ1.6 billion at 2016 prices) with an additional ÂĢ100 million for river defences.
2456:
464:
The Thames
Barrier and Flood Prevention Act, authorising construction, was passed in 1972. In 1974, the GLC placed the two major construction contracts. Civil construction was undertaken by a
2473:
2122:
1923:
1328:
Released in 2005, a study by four academics contained a proposal to supersede the Thames
Barrier with a more ambitious 16 km (10 mi) long barrier across the Thames Estuary from
2147:
2365:
4855:
3485:
2669:
388:(GLC) took over responsibility, two major schemes were under consideration, costed at ÂĢ24 million and ÂĢ41 million respectively (ÂĢ500 million and ÂĢ800 million at 2020 prices).
564:
510:
In addition to the barrier, the flood defences 18 kilometres (11 mi) down river were raised and strengthened. The barrier was officially opened on 8 May 1984 by Queen
5386:
2708:, filmed interview (subtitled in French) with Steve East, technical support team leader of the real barrier about the depiction of the barrier and scientific accuracy of
4520:
2342:
5381:
2577:
476:
consortium. A separate contract for the gates and operating machinery was placed with the Davy
Cleveland Barrier Consortium, formed by Davy McKee Ltd of Sheffield and
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1663:
2690:
4950:
4895:
2681:
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2198:
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each. Four radial gates by the river banks, also about 30 metres (100 ft) wide, can be lowered. These gate openings, unlike the main six, are non-navigable.
1753:
433:
Diagram showing how the gates work, though the barrier actually rises further than this to allow water to "underspill" under the barrier in a controlled fashion
488:
on the north side of the river and floated out and sunk between the piers to form the gate recesses, with access tunnels at the upstream and downstream ends.
5474:
3350:
2874:
2830:
1356:
2812:
477:
185:
3072:
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longer-term problem was the premature loss of paint on the flat side of the gate caused by abrasion. The vessel was refloated in mid-November 1997.
1495:
5504:
2934:
1721:. D Ayres Director of Public Health Engineering, GLC. 1983. Paper presented to a meeting of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, 8th June 1983
1637:
1483:
1507:
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3083:
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2357:
1739:
1695:
1645:
3903:
3498:
2409:
2151:
2083:
2035:
535:
A Thames
Barrier flood defence closure is triggered when a combination of high tides forecast in the North Sea and high river flows at the
1411:
sea level rise to 2100 will be taken by 2040. As of 2024 concerns exist that climate change is occurring faster than previously expected.
2307:
4503:
3883:
3623:
3508:
1527:
457:, Wallingford. The site at New Charlton was chosen because of the relative straightness of the banks, and because the underlying river
5042:
3697:
5421:
2720:
2480:
1930:
1423:
437:
The concept of the rising sector gates was devised by (Reginald) Charles Drapeer. In 1969, from his parents' house in Pellatt Grove,
5484:
5410:
5266:
3425:
2031:
2013:
2027:
523:
submerged and empty as they emerge from the river. The four large central gates are 20.1 metres (66 ft) high and weigh 3,700
65:
3974:
3964:
3062:
2431:
2250:
2184:
2541:
5444:
5354:
5284:
5114:
4679:
4109:
1886:
1271:
2333:
3779:
3608:
3430:
2805:
1267:
1991:
1435:
1459:
5464:
5371:
5308:
5186:
3959:
3913:
3878:
3523:
3275:
2268:
2049:
1546:
1447:
1375:
1233:
As of May 2024, there have been 221 flood defence closures. The barrier was closed twice on 9 November 2007 after a
4825:
4739:
4709:
4095:
3440:
3094:
1964:
1316:
was generally (as a median) closed twice a year but the average is still 6â7 due to the extreme of 50 times in 2013â14.
2284:
5342:
5078:
3745:
3638:
3116:
2985:
2963:
2505:
454:
4657:
1471:
5210:
5126:
5090:
4905:
4792:
4684:
4322:
4060:
3999:
3603:
3465:
3345:
3280:
2945:
2841:
339:
2236:
5459:
5174:
5102:
3994:
3817:
3613:
3179:
3051:
3039:
2889:
2798:
2694:
1296:
429:
5198:
5162:
5138:
5013:
4973:
4845:
4512:
3984:
3683:
3570:
3493:
3420:
2958:
2685:
331:
5489:
5469:
5338:
5321:
5296:
5274:
5262:
5245:
5218:
5206:
5194:
5182:
5170:
5158:
5110:
5098:
5086:
5050:
5038:
5021:
5009:
4997:
4985:
4496:
4415:
4045:
4014:
4009:
3528:
3320:
3295:
3184:
3129:
3077:
2899:
2079:
1234:
543:
indicate that water levels would exceed 16 feet (4.9 m) in central London. Though Teddington marks the
360:
4880:
1833:
1248:, the barrier was closed against a spring tide for 16 hours "to assist the diving and salvage operations".
4989:
4875:
4782:
4405:
4395:
4024:
3969:
3673:
3538:
3445:
3174:
3164:
3149:
1364:
1292:
1288:
450:
385:
2202:
1311:
The barrier was originally designed to protect London against a very high flood level (with an estimated
5222:
5150:
5066:
4920:
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4870:
4247:
4197:
4118:
3989:
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3837:
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3513:
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3435:
3387:
3315:
3300:
2849:
1757:
441:, London, he constructed a working model. The novel rotating cylinders were based on the design of the
180:
4890:
1291:
under the guidance of Ray Horner. After the 1986 abolition of the GLC it was operated successively by
5030:
4807:
4744:
4694:
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4460:
3750:
3729:
1788:
1611:
1570:
1541:
1242:
5001:
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4777:
4750:
4714:
4704:
4465:
4287:
4070:
3949:
3939:
3863:
3802:
3792:
3543:
3400:
3380:
3363:
3285:
3235:
3045:
1576:
1555:
4915:
2523:
2065:
Report of the Chief Inspector of Marine Accidents into the collision between the passenger launch
1731:
5316:
5292:
5230:
5146:
5062:
5054:
5026:
4637:
4578:
4489:
4445:
4355:
4151:
4141:
3470:
3220:
3189:
3105:
2924:
2869:
2859:
2698:
1804:
1657:
1300:
1275:
544:
504:
417:
198:
4166:
3908:
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2401:
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5350:
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5240:
4930:
4830:
4607:
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4271:
4252:
4146:
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4004:
3787:
3724:
3714:
3658:
3653:
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3548:
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3260:
3230:
3169:
3139:
2709:
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2639:
2314:
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1701:
1691:
5330:
4910:
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4729:
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4257:
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4019:
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3410:
3205:
3159:
3144:
3009:
2904:
2854:
2760:
2624:
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2332:
2257:. Thames Estuary Partnership. 19 March 2007. Archived from the original on 23 December 2008.
1796:
1619:
519:
4802:
4797:
4627:
4545:
4435:
4217:
4050:
4040:
3923:
3858:
3812:
3797:
3460:
3405:
3270:
3210:
3134:
3124:
2979:
2919:
2914:
2724:
2717:
2676:
1337:
547:, in periods of very high fluvial flow the tidal influence can be seen as far upstream as
540:
469:
170:
2005:
407:
and south-easterly towards southern Scandinavia. When such a surge coincides with a high
403:, caused when a deep depression forms to the north of Scotland and progresses across the
1792:
1615:
5235:
5134:
5122:
5074:
4935:
4787:
4647:
4533:
4455:
4400:
4370:
4350:
4232:
4192:
4182:
4136:
4090:
4065:
3719:
3663:
3633:
3593:
3533:
3358:
3265:
3021:
2997:
2879:
2864:
2776:
2108:
1901:
1641:
412:
381:
364:
307:
175:
2423:
2176:
286:
5438:
5326:
5279:
5250:
4940:
4885:
4865:
4767:
4583:
4450:
4440:
4420:
4390:
4307:
4282:
4237:
4207:
4202:
4161:
3648:
3325:
3240:
3033:
2991:
2894:
2884:
1623:
1599:
1533:
1368:
1312:
496:
465:
392:
356:
299:
256:
215:
165:
100:
4835:
4772:
4689:
4632:
4540:
4380:
4335:
4222:
4187:
3873:
3450:
3335:
3330:
3225:
3215:
2909:
2743:
1867:
1565:
1363:
and include road and rail tunnels, providing connections from Essex to a major new
1352:
1348:
1266:
The annual full test closure in 2012 was scheduled for 3 June to coincide with the
572:
548:
511:
473:
335:
323:
3475:
2664:
1981:
1347:
In November 2011, a new Thames Barrier, further downstream at Lower Hope between
273:
4724:
4573:
4345:
4340:
4227:
3898:
3893:
3827:
3822:
3455:
3392:
3154:
3027:
3015:
2733:
1896:
1551:
1360:
536:
442:
408:
400:
369:
315:
31:
359:
times. In 1954, the Waverley Committee, established to investigate the serious
4699:
4620:
4602:
4430:
4242:
4131:
4126:
4075:
3888:
3765:
3755:
3374:
3310:
1862:
1523:
568:
500:
492:
446:
438:
327:
303:
2703:
2628:
1956:
80:
67:
4470:
4425:
4360:
4080:
3832:
3598:
2560:"The Thames Barrier â protecting London and the Thames Estuary for 40 years"
1705:
1560:
1394:
1329:
485:
411:, the high winds associated with the depression can funnel the water up the
404:
377:
319:
4481:
3088:
491:
The gates of the barrier were fabricated in sections at Cleveland Bridge's
571:
on the north bank of the river during normal operation, looking across to
4642:
4566:
4557:
4055:
3842:
3099:
2953:
2651:
2226:"Predicting and Managing the Impacts of Climate Change on World Heritage"
373:
2524:"Holding back the floods for 40 years: Thames Barrier is due an upgrade"
36:
View of the barrier gates, which are closed when a high tide is forecast
4562:
4528:
4330:
3868:
3588:
3583:
3003:
2379:
2225:
1754:"Engineers and main contractors for the building of the Thames Barrier"
1255:
231:
1808:
2821:
2232:
1986:
1719:
The Thames Barrier: The Background and Basic Engineering Requirements
53:
2542:"Managing future flood risk and Thames Barrier: Thames Estuary 2100"
1251:
The barrier has survived 15 boat collisions without serious damage.
2790:
2358:"Lifschutz Davidson Sandilands reveals Thames Barrier bridge plans"
1800:
2038:. 9 November 2007. Archived from the original on 21 February 2012.
1341:
524:
458:
428:
249:
238:
449:. The barrier was designed by Rendel, Palmer and Tritton for the
1333:
311:
4485:
2794:
2737:
2114:"The Thames Barrier has saved London â but is it time for TB2?"
2728:
210:
2137:
Report of the Inspector's Inquiry into the collision of MV
5450:
Buildings and structures in the Royal Borough of Greenwich
2177:"Thames Barrier test closure to be on Jubilee pageant day"
2448:"Environment Agency rejects calls for new Thames Barrier"
1779:
Horner, R. W. (July 1979). "The Thames Barrier Project".
1379:
moderate opening spans of about 60 m (200 ft).
5455:
Buildings and structures in the London Borough of Newham
2148:
Department of the Environment, Transport and the Regions
586:
Closures per season (SeptâMay) and flooding source
2578:"Is global warming accelerating faster than predicted?"
2073:
with loss of life on the River Thames on 20 August 1989
5495:
Tourist attractions in the Royal Borough of Greenwich
2231:. Climate Change and World Heritage (Report). Paris:
2103:
2101:
1254:
On 27 October 1997, the barrier was damaged when the
2616:
R. W. Horner (November 1987). "The Thames Barrier".
2424:"Thames Barrier engineer says second defence needed"
2313:. Foster+Partners, Halcrow, Volterra. Archived from
1652:. Vol. 528. House of Commons. col. 104â5W.
5500:
Tourist attractions in the London Borough of Newham
5364:
4972:
4949:
4854:
4816:
4760:
4672:
4519:
4321:
4270:
4175:
4117:
4108:
4033:
3932:
3851:
3778:
3738:
3705:
3696:
3622:
3569:
3562:
3484:
3344:
3253:
3198:
3115:
3061:
2972:
2944:
2933:
2840:
2829:
2506:"Thames Estuary 2100: Time to Plan and Time to Act"
2171:
2169:
1957:"How does the Thames Barrier stop London flooding?"
255:
244:
229:
221:
209:
204:
194:
158:
150:
132:
114:
106:
96:
59:
49:
41:
24:
2596:"Global Climate Highlights 2023 | Copernicus"
2283:
2112:
1489:Tunnel underneath the Thames Barrier between piers
1834:"All 10 gates being raised at the Thames barrier"
2382:. Lifschutz Davidson Sandilands, Beckett Rankine
2141:with the Thames Flood Barrier on 27 October 1997
1287:The barrier was originally commissioned by the
2308:"Thames Hub: An Integrated Vision for Britain"
1895:Thomas, Ryland; Williamson, Samuel H. (2024).
399:The barrier protects central London against a
4497:
2806:
8:
2875:Hungerford Bridge and Golden Jubilee Bridges
355:Flooding in London has been a problem since
1857:
1855:
1662:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
1388:2012 debate on changing climatic conditions
1357:Thames Hub integrated infrastructure vision
4504:
4490:
4482:
4114:
3702:
3566:
2941:
2837:
2813:
2799:
2791:
2734:
584:
461:was strong enough to support the barrier.
290:Far view of the River Thames Flood Barrier
30:
21:
2334:"Thames Barrier Bridge proposal revealed"
1976:
1974:
3073:All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club
285:
16:Flood defence system for London, England
2468:
2466:
2402:"Letters to the Editor: Thames Barrier"
2285:"Ten mile barrier to stop London flood"
1646:"Coastal Flooding (Committee's Report)"
1588:
1419:
1299:until April 1996 when it passed to the
484:precast concrete sills were built in a
3914:Shaftesbury Memorial Fountain ("Eros")
2412:from the original on 28 November 2020.
2260:
2125:from the original on 12 November 2016.
2041:
1924:"The Thames Barrier Project Pack 2010"
1742:from the original on 24 November 2020.
1655:
3084:Crystal Palace National Sports Centre
2697: (archived 2014-03-28), from the
2345:from the original on 29 January 2021.
1955:de Castella, Tom (11 February 2014).
1873: â via newspapers.com
1686:Gilbert, Stuart; Horner, Ray (1984).
1361:turbines to generate renewable energy
1355:in Kent, was proposed as part of the
7:
5417:
3904:Monument to the Great Fire of London
2479:. Environment Agency. Archived from
2251:"Thames Barrier Clocks 100 Closures"
2201:. Environment Agency. Archived from
2152:Marine Accident Investigation Branch
2084:Marine Accident Investigation Branch
2036:Natural Environment Research Council
1929:. Environment Agency. Archived from
1756:. Environment Agency. Archived from
1681:
1679:
1677:
1675:
1673:
1594:
1592:
1501:Aerial view of the barrier (lowered)
5475:Flood control in the United Kingdom
3884:Crystal Palace transmitting station
2459:from the original on 13 March 2021.
2434:from the original on 12 March 2021.
2368:from the original on 13 March 2021.
2296:from the original on 12 March 2021.
2187:from the original on 13 March 2021.
2006:"North Sea flood tide fears recede"
1994:from the original on 13 March 2021.
1732:"Davy Cleveland Barrier Consortium"
1513:Aerial view of the barrier (raised)
1241:On 20 August 1989, hours after the
2474:"Thames Barrier Project Pack 2012"
2282:Leake, Jonathan (9 January 2005).
2239:from the original on 15 July 2020.
2224:World Heritage Centre (May 2007).
2199:"Managing flood water: The future"
2016:from the original on 30 June 2020.
186:Cleveland Bridge & Engineering
14:
2032:Proudman Oceanographic Laboratory
1967:from the original on 8 June 2020.
1832:Clayton, Hugh (4 November 1982).
1573:Flood Prevention Facility Complex
1283:Ownership and operating authority
5416:
5405:
5404:
5377:Grade I and II* listed buildings
5349:
5337:
5325:
5320:
5315:
5303:
5291:
5278:
5273:
5261:
5249:
5244:
5239:
5234:
5229:
5217:
5205:
5193:
5181:
5169:
5157:
5145:
5133:
5121:
5109:
5097:
5085:
5073:
5061:
5049:
5037:
5025:
5020:
5008:
4996:
4984:
4663:
4656:
2028:"Surge of 9 November 2007-11-09"
1893:"consistent series" supplied in
1526:
1506:
1494:
1482:
1470:
1458:
1446:
1434:
1422:
1359:. The barrier would incorporate
556:
334:and its southern bank is in the
2636:The Story of the Thames Barrier
2445:Cole, Margo (10 January 2013).
1887:Gross Domestic Product deflator
1272:Diamond Jubilee of Elizabeth II
5505:1984 establishments in England
2691:Other tidal defences in London
2638:. London: Lanthorn. 32 pages.
2356:Waite, Richard (3 June 2019).
1602:(1988). "The Thames Barrier".
1429:One of the gates in underspill
1406:2023 review - decision by 2040
1324:Past proposals for development
1295:(dissolved 1989) and then the
581:Barrier closures and incidents
518:gates across the openings are
470:Hollandsche Beton Maatschappij
453:and the concept tested at the
171:Hollandsche Beton Maatschappij
1:
5480:Geography of the River Thames
3766:Royal Mews, Buckingham Palace
3499:BAPS Shri Swaminarayan Mandir
2752:
1897:"What Was the U.K. GDP Then?"
1863:"Better way to turn the tide"
1547:Crossings of the River Thames
1418:
1376:Lifschutz Davidson Sandilands
396:site was agreed at Woolwich.
4826:Gallions Reach Shopping Park
4710:Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park
3095:Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park
1624:10.1016/0169-2046(88)90034-5
1604:Landscape and Urban Planning
1392:In a January 2013 letter to
363:which affected parts of the
2986:Brentford Community Stadium
2964:Odeon Luxe Leicester Square
2670:Streetmap of Thames Barrier
2331:Horgan, Rob (3 June 2019).
455:Hydraulics Research Station
376:to flap gates lying on the
120:; 50 years ago
5521:
4906:Memorial Recreation Ground
4793:The Old Spotted Dog Ground
3524:St Margaret's, Westminster
3466:Victoria and Albert Museum
340:Royal Borough of Greenwich
326:, its northern bank is in
5400:
4654:
4096:St Bartholomew's Hospital
3818:Citigroup Centre (London)
3426:National Portrait Gallery
3180:Theatre Royal, Drury Lane
3052:Tottenham Hotspur Stadium
2771:
2765:
2755:
2750:
2695:UK Government Web Archive
2267:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
2048:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
1650:Written Answers (Hansard)
1297:National Rivers Authority
531:Predictions for operation
265:
29:
5485:Infrastructure in London
4846:Westfield Stratford City
4513:London Borough of Newham
3985:Liverpool Street station
3975:Fenchurch Street station
3965:Clapham Junction station
3684:Westfield Stratford City
3494:All Hallows-by-the-Tower
3421:National Maritime Museum
2959:Empire, Leicester Square
2686:Greater London Authority
2682:Thames Barrier Park page
2629:10.1049/ip-a-1.1987.0103
1871:. 9 May 1984. p. 2.
1781:The Geographical Journal
332:London Borough of Newham
310:from exceptionally high
5285:Stratford International
4416:Myrtle Avenue, Hounslow
4046:Battersea Power Station
3529:St Martin-in-the-Fields
3321:Royal Courts of Justice
3185:Theatre Royal Haymarket
3078:The Championship Course
2705:Risques VS Fictions n°8
2675:12 October 2014 at the
2380:"Thames Barrier Bridge"
2080:Department of Transport
1875:(subscription required)
495:works and assembled at
478:Cleveland Bridge UK Ltd
425:Design and construction
372:crossing the Thames at
361:North Sea flood of 1953
115:Construction began
5445:Dams completed in 1984
5043:Custom House for ExCel
4876:Bow Creek Ecology Park
4783:London Aquatics Centre
4396:Kensington High Street
4025:Victoria Coach Station
3509:Methodist Central Hall
3431:Natural History Museum
3165:Royal National Theatre
2718:Sinking Cities: London
1984:. Environment Agency.
1690:. London: T. Telford.
1365:Thames Estuary Airport
1293:Thames Water Authority
1289:Greater London Council
451:Greater London Council
434:
386:Greater London Council
291:
151:Construction cost
138:; 40 years ago
5267:Stratford High Street
4871:Beckton District Park
4680:Brick Lane Music Hall
3990:London Bridge station
3960:Charing Cross station
3955:Cannon Street station
3838:St George Wharf Tower
3808:122 Leadenhall Street
3669:Petticoat Lane Market
3554:Westminster Cathedral
3504:Bevis Marks Synagogue
3436:Royal Academy of Arts
3388:Guildhall Art Gallery
3316:Palace of Westminster
3306:The National Archives
3276:City Hall (Southwark)
3018:(Queens Park Rangers)
2600:climate.copernicus.eu
1441:Thames Barrier Pier 6
432:
302:built to protect the
289:
211:Type of dam
5465:Coastal construction
4808:West Ham United F.C.
4745:Woolwich foot tunnel
4461:Tottenham Court Road
3980:King's Cross station
3751:Hampton Court Palace
3514:Regent's Park Mosque
2723:20 June 2021 at the
2320:on 10 November 2011.
2111:(18 February 2014).
1982:"The Thames Barrier"
1571:Saint Petersburg Dam
1542:Barrier Gardens Pier
1465:Maintenance close up
384:. By 1965, when the
81:51.49694°N 0.03667°E
5115:London City Airport
4926:Thames Barrier Park
4778:Lee Valley VeloPark
4751:World Cup Sculpture
4705:London City Airport
4466:Victoria Embankment
4288:Horse Guards Parade
3950:Blackfriars station
3864:ArcelorMittal Orbit
3803:20 Fenchurch Street
3793:One Churchill Place
3761:The Queen's Gallery
3579:Fortnum & Mason
3544:Southwark Cathedral
3539:St Paul's Cathedral
3401:Imperial War Museum
3364:Churchill War Rooms
3236:Royal Festival Hall
3175:Shakespeare's Globe
3054:(Tottenham Hotspur)
3048:(Charlton Athletic)
2634:Ken Wilson (1984).
2362:Architects' Journal
2012:. 9 November 2007.
1990:. 29 January 2021.
1936:on 16 December 2010
1889:figures follow the
1793:1979GeogJ.145..242H
1616:1988LUrbP..16...57K
1577:Thames Barrier Park
1556:Oosterscheldekering
1453:Gate in maintenance
1374:In 2019 architects
587:
474:Tarmac Construction
318:moving up from the
176:Tarmac Construction
77: /
4901:Little Ilford Park
4896:King George V Park
4446:Shaftesbury Avenue
4356:Charing Cross Road
4152:Kensington Gardens
4142:Hampton Court Park
4000:St Pancras station
3995:Paddington station
3879:Cleopatra's Needle
3706:Partly occupied by
3471:Wallace Collection
3281:City Hall (Newham)
3221:Hammersmith Apollo
3106:Twickenham Stadium
2982:(national stadium)
2925:Westminster Bridge
2870:Hammersmith Bridge
2860:Blackfriars Bridge
2699:Environment Agency
2584:. 15 January 2024.
2486:on 6 December 2012
2453:New Civil Engineer
2430:. 5 January 2013.
2408:. 3 January 2013.
2339:New Civil Engineer
1760:on 5 February 2009
1688:The Thames Barrier
1301:Environment Agency
1276:Environment Agency
585:
545:Normal Tidal Limit
505:Smit International
435:
418:London Underground
380:and floated up by
292:
199:Environment Agency
5432:
5431:
5187:Pudding Mill Lane
4974:Tube, railway and
4931:Three Mills Green
4479:
4478:
4303:Piccadilly Circus
4298:Parliament Square
4266:
4265:
4253:Wandsworth Common
4104:
4103:
4086:Smithfield Market
4005:Stratford station
3788:One Canada Square
3774:
3773:
3730:St James's Palace
3725:Kensington Palace
3715:Buckingham Palace
3692:
3691:
3659:Leadenhall Market
3654:Kensington Arcade
3644:Burlington Arcade
3549:Westminster Abbey
3486:Places of worship
3441:Royal Observatory
3369:Courtauld Gallery
3261:10 Downing Street
3249:
3248:
3231:Royal Albert Hall
3170:Royal Opera House
3024:(West Ham United)
2890:Millennium Bridge
2788:
2787:
2783:
2782:
2644:978-0-947987-05-3
2618:IEE Proceedings A
1697:978-0-7277-0182-4
1231:
1230:
567:The barrier from
520:circular segments
298:is a retractable
282:
281:
205:Dam and spillways
181:Tysons, Liverpool
133:Opening date
86:51.49694; 0.03667
5512:
5460:Charlton, London
5420:
5419:
5408:
5407:
5357:
5353:
5345:
5341:
5333:
5329:
5324:
5319:
5311:
5307:
5299:
5295:
5287:
5282:
5277:
5269:
5265:
5257:
5253:
5248:
5243:
5238:
5233:
5225:
5221:
5213:
5209:
5201:
5197:
5189:
5185:
5177:
5173:
5165:
5161:
5153:
5149:
5141:
5137:
5129:
5125:
5117:
5113:
5105:
5101:
5093:
5089:
5081:
5077:
5069:
5065:
5057:
5053:
5045:
5041:
5033:
5029:
5024:
5016:
5012:
5004:
5000:
4992:
4988:
4911:New Beckton Park
4891:Forest Lane Park
4841:Stratford Centre
4817:Shopping centres
4730:Stratford Circus
4667:
4660:
4624:
4599:
4587:
4570:
4549:
4537:
4506:
4499:
4492:
4483:
4376:Fenchurch Street
4313:Trafalgar Square
4293:Leicester Square
4258:Wimbledon Common
4213:Gunnersbury Park
4115:
4071:Lloyd's building
4020:London Cable Car
4015:Waterloo station
4010:Victoria station
3945:Heathrow Airport
3746:Banqueting House
3708:the royal family
3703:
3679:Westfield London
3624:Shopping centres
3567:
3519:St Clement Danes
3416:National Gallery
3411:Museum of London
3206:Alexandra Palace
3036:(Crystal Palace)
3010:Emirates Stadium
2942:
2905:Southwark Bridge
2855:Battersea Bridge
2838:
2815:
2808:
2801:
2792:
2761:London Cable Car
2753:
2735:
2665:Official website
2604:
2603:
2592:
2586:
2585:
2574:
2568:
2567:
2556:
2550:
2549:
2538:
2532:
2531:
2520:
2514:
2513:
2502:
2496:
2495:
2493:
2491:
2485:
2478:
2470:
2461:
2460:
2450:
2442:
2436:
2435:
2420:
2414:
2413:
2398:
2392:
2391:
2389:
2387:
2376:
2370:
2369:
2353:
2347:
2346:
2336:
2328:
2322:
2321:
2319:
2312:
2304:
2298:
2297:
2290:The Sunday Times
2287:
2279:
2273:
2272:
2266:
2258:
2247:
2241:
2240:
2230:
2221:
2215:
2214:
2212:
2210:
2195:
2189:
2188:
2183:. 6 March 2012.
2173:
2164:
2163:
2161:
2159:
2145:
2133:
2127:
2126:
2116:
2105:
2096:
2095:
2093:
2091:
2077:
2060:
2054:
2053:
2047:
2039:
2024:
2018:
2017:
2002:
1996:
1995:
1978:
1969:
1968:
1952:
1946:
1945:
1943:
1941:
1935:
1928:
1920:
1914:
1913:
1911:
1909:
1883:
1877:
1876:
1872:
1859:
1850:
1849:
1847:
1845:
1829:
1823:
1819:
1813:
1812:
1776:
1770:
1769:
1767:
1765:
1750:
1744:
1743:
1738:. 30 July 2019.
1728:
1722:
1716:
1710:
1709:
1683:
1668:
1667:
1661:
1653:
1634:
1628:
1627:
1596:
1536:
1531:
1530:
1510:
1498:
1486:
1474:
1462:
1450:
1438:
1426:
1270:celebrating the
588:
560:
278:
277:
276:
146:
144:
139:
128:
126:
121:
92:
91:
89:
88:
87:
82:
78:
75:
74:
73:
70:
34:
22:
5520:
5519:
5515:
5514:
5513:
5511:
5510:
5509:
5435:
5434:
5433:
5428:
5396:
5360:
5355:Woodgrange Park
5348:
5343:West Silvertown
5336:
5314:
5302:
5290:
5272:
5260:
5228:
5216:
5204:
5192:
5180:
5168:
5156:
5144:
5132:
5120:
5108:
5096:
5084:
5072:
5060:
5048:
5036:
5019:
5007:
4995:
4983:
4975:
4968:
4945:
4857:
4850:
4836:Rathbone Market
4818:
4812:
4803:Upton Park F.C.
4798:Riverbank Arena
4756:
4668:
4662:
4661:
4652:
4628:Stratford Cross
4610:
4593:
4581:
4560:
4546:Limmo Peninsula
4543:
4531:
4515:
4510:
4480:
4475:
4436:Portobello Road
4317:
4275:
4262:
4218:Hampstead Heath
4171:
4167:St James's Park
4100:
4051:British Library
4041:Barbican Estate
4029:
3928:
3924:Wellington Arch
3909:Nelson's Column
3859:Albert Memorial
3847:
3813:Broadgate Tower
3798:8 Canada Square
3770:
3734:
3707:
3698:Royal buildings
3688:
3626:
3618:
3558:
3480:
3461:Tower of London
3406:Madame Tussauds
3349:
3340:
3271:Bank of England
3245:
3211:Brixton Academy
3194:
3130:Apollo Victoria
3111:
3064:
3057:
3040:Stamford Bridge
3030:(AFC Wimbledon)
2994:(Leyton Orient)
2980:Wembley Stadium
2973:Football stadia
2968:
2936:
2929:
2920:Waterloo Bridge
2915:Vauxhall Bridge
2900:Richmond Bridge
2832:
2825:
2819:
2789:
2784:
2779:
2775:
2769:
2763:
2759:
2746:
2725:Wayback Machine
2677:Wayback Machine
2661:
2613:
2611:Further reading
2608:
2607:
2594:
2593:
2589:
2576:
2575:
2571:
2558:
2557:
2553:
2540:
2539:
2535:
2522:
2521:
2517:
2504:
2503:
2499:
2489:
2487:
2483:
2476:
2472:
2471:
2464:
2444:
2443:
2439:
2422:
2421:
2417:
2400:
2399:
2395:
2385:
2383:
2378:
2377:
2373:
2355:
2354:
2350:
2330:
2329:
2325:
2317:
2310:
2306:
2305:
2301:
2281:
2280:
2276:
2259:
2249:
2248:
2244:
2228:
2223:
2222:
2218:
2208:
2206:
2197:
2196:
2192:
2175:
2174:
2167:
2157:
2155:
2143:
2135:
2134:
2130:
2109:Hanlon, Michael
2107:
2106:
2099:
2089:
2087:
2075:
2062:
2061:
2057:
2040:
2026:
2025:
2021:
2004:
2003:
1999:
1980:
1979:
1972:
1954:
1953:
1949:
1939:
1937:
1933:
1926:
1922:
1921:
1917:
1907:
1905:
1894:
1885:United Kingdom
1884:
1880:
1874:
1861:
1860:
1853:
1843:
1841:
1831:
1830:
1826:
1820:
1816:
1778:
1777:
1773:
1763:
1761:
1752:
1751:
1747:
1730:
1729:
1725:
1717:
1713:
1698:
1685:
1684:
1671:
1654:
1644:(3 June 1954).
1638:D. Maxwell Fyfe
1636:
1635:
1631:
1598:
1597:
1590:
1585:
1532:
1525:
1522:
1517:
1514:
1511:
1502:
1499:
1490:
1487:
1478:
1475:
1466:
1463:
1454:
1451:
1442:
1439:
1430:
1427:
1417:
1408:
1390:
1385:
1338:Southend-on-Sea
1326:
1309:
1285:
605:
600:
598:
583:
578:
577:
576:
566:
561:
551:on the Thames.
541:Teddington Lock
533:
427:
353:
348:
272:
271:
270:
269:
190:
142:
140:
137:
136:8 May 1984
124:
122:
119:
85:
83:
79:
76:
71:
68:
66:
64:
63:
37:
20:
17:
12:
11:
5:
5518:
5516:
5508:
5507:
5502:
5497:
5492:
5490:Port of London
5487:
5482:
5477:
5472:
5470:Flood barriers
5467:
5462:
5457:
5452:
5447:
5437:
5436:
5430:
5429:
5427:
5426:
5414:
5401:
5398:
5397:
5395:
5394:
5389:
5384:
5379:
5374:
5368:
5366:
5362:
5361:
5359:
5358:
5346:
5334:
5312:
5300:
5288:
5270:
5258:
5226:
5214:
5211:Royal Victoria
5202:
5190:
5178:
5166:
5154:
5142:
5130:
5118:
5106:
5094:
5091:Gallions Reach
5082:
5070:
5058:
5046:
5034:
5017:
5005:
4993:
4980:
4978:
4970:
4969:
4967:
4966:
4961:
4955:
4953:
4951:Constituencies
4947:
4946:
4944:
4943:
4938:
4936:Wanstead Flats
4933:
4928:
4923:
4918:
4913:
4908:
4903:
4898:
4893:
4888:
4883:
4878:
4873:
4868:
4862:
4860:
4852:
4851:
4849:
4848:
4843:
4838:
4833:
4831:Queen's Market
4828:
4822:
4820:
4814:
4813:
4811:
4810:
4805:
4800:
4795:
4790:
4788:London Stadium
4785:
4780:
4775:
4770:
4764:
4762:
4758:
4757:
4755:
4754:
4747:
4742:
4737:
4735:Thames Barrier
4732:
4727:
4722:
4721:
4720:
4715:ArcelorMittal
4707:
4702:
4697:
4692:
4687:
4682:
4676:
4674:
4670:
4669:
4655:
4653:
4651:
4650:
4648:North Woolwich
4645:
4640:
4635:
4630:
4625:
4605:
4600:
4588:
4576:
4571:
4555:
4550:
4538:
4525:
4523:
4517:
4516:
4511:
4509:
4508:
4501:
4494:
4486:
4477:
4476:
4474:
4473:
4468:
4463:
4458:
4453:
4448:
4443:
4438:
4433:
4428:
4423:
4418:
4413:
4408:
4406:Lombard Street
4403:
4398:
4393:
4388:
4383:
4378:
4373:
4371:Denmark Street
4368:
4363:
4358:
4353:
4351:Carnaby Street
4348:
4343:
4338:
4333:
4327:
4325:
4319:
4318:
4316:
4315:
4310:
4305:
4300:
4295:
4290:
4285:
4279:
4277:
4268:
4267:
4264:
4263:
4261:
4260:
4255:
4250:
4245:
4240:
4235:
4233:Mitcham Common
4230:
4225:
4220:
4215:
4210:
4205:
4200:
4195:
4193:Clapham Common
4190:
4185:
4183:Battersea Park
4179:
4177:
4173:
4172:
4170:
4169:
4164:
4159:
4154:
4149:
4144:
4139:
4137:Greenwich Park
4134:
4129:
4123:
4121:
4112:
4106:
4105:
4102:
4101:
4099:
4098:
4093:
4091:Somerset House
4088:
4083:
4078:
4073:
4068:
4066:Lambeth Palace
4063:
4058:
4053:
4048:
4043:
4037:
4035:
4031:
4030:
4028:
4027:
4022:
4017:
4012:
4007:
4002:
3997:
3992:
3987:
3982:
3977:
3972:
3970:Euston station
3967:
3962:
3957:
3952:
3947:
3942:
3936:
3934:
3930:
3929:
3927:
3926:
3921:
3919:Thames Barrier
3916:
3911:
3906:
3901:
3896:
3891:
3886:
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3720:Clarence House
3717:
3711:
3709:
3700:
3694:
3693:
3690:
3689:
3687:
3686:
3681:
3676:
3674:Royal Exchange
3671:
3666:
3664:One New Change
3661:
3656:
3651:
3646:
3641:
3636:
3634:Borough Market
3630:
3628:
3620:
3619:
3617:
3616:
3611:
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3601:
3596:
3594:Harvey Nichols
3591:
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3534:St Mary-le-Bow
3531:
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3490:
3488:
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3446:Science Museum
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3418:
3413:
3408:
3403:
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3390:
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3359:British Museum
3355:
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3338:
3333:
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3318:
3313:
3308:
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3266:Admiralty Arch
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3022:London Stadium
3019:
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2998:Craven Cottage
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2880:Lambeth Bridge
2877:
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2865:Chelsea Bridge
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2810:
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2777:Woolwich Ferry
2770:
2767:Thames Barrier
2764:
2751:
2748:
2747:
2738:
2732:
2731:
2715:
2701:
2688:
2679:
2667:
2660:
2659:External links
2657:
2656:
2655:
2632:
2623:(9): 752â760.
2612:
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2605:
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2235:. p. 29.
2216:
2205:on 6 June 2009
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2019:
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1970:
1947:
1915:
1902:MeasuringWorth
1891:MeasuringWorth
1878:
1851:
1824:
1814:
1801:10.2307/634390
1787:(2): 242â253.
1771:
1745:
1723:
1711:
1696:
1669:
1642:Home Secretary
1629:
1610:(1â2): 57â68.
1600:Kendrick, Mary
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1279:taking part".
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426:
423:
413:Thames Estuary
382:compressed air
365:Thames Estuary
352:
349:
347:
344:
308:Greater London
300:barrier system
296:Thames Barrier
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61:
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45:United Kingdom
43:
39:
38:
35:
27:
26:
25:Thames Barrier
18:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5517:
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5352:
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5340:
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5310:
5309:Wanstead Park
5306:
5301:
5298:
5294:
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5286:
5281:
5276:
5271:
5268:
5264:
5259:
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5175:Prince Regent
5172:
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5128:
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5103:King George V
5100:
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4977:
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4957:
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4941:West Ham Park
4939:
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4912:
4909:
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4889:
4887:
4886:Epping Forest
4884:
4882:
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4869:
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4866:Abbey Gardens
4864:
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4768:Boleyn Ground
4766:
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4740:Theatre Royal
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4584:Little Ilford
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4451:Sloane Street
4449:
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4442:
4441:Regent Street
4439:
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4434:
4432:
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4427:
4424:
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4421:Oxford Street
4419:
4417:
4414:
4412:
4409:
4407:
4404:
4402:
4399:
4397:
4394:
4392:
4391:Jermyn Street
4389:
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4308:Sloane Square
4306:
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4299:
4296:
4294:
4291:
4289:
4286:
4284:
4283:Covent Garden
4281:
4280:
4278:
4276:public spaces
4273:
4269:
4259:
4256:
4254:
4251:
4249:
4248:Victoria Park
4246:
4244:
4241:
4239:
4238:Osterley Park
4236:
4234:
4231:
4229:
4226:
4224:
4221:
4219:
4216:
4214:
4211:
4209:
4208:Finsbury Park
4206:
4204:
4203:Epping Forest
4201:
4199:
4198:College Green
4196:
4194:
4191:
4189:
4186:
4184:
4181:
4180:
4178:
4174:
4168:
4165:
4163:
4162:Richmond Park
4160:
4158:
4157:Regent's Park
4155:
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3675:
3672:
3670:
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3662:
3660:
3657:
3655:
3652:
3650:
3649:Camden Market
3647:
3645:
3642:
3640:
3637:
3635:
3632:
3631:
3629:
3625:
3621:
3615:
3612:
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3500:
3497:
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3483:
3477:
3476:Young V&A
3474:
3472:
3469:
3467:
3464:
3462:
3459:
3457:
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3354:
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3329:
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3326:Scotland Yard
3324:
3322:
3319:
3317:
3314:
3312:
3309:
3307:
3304:
3302:
3301:Mansion House
3299:
3297:
3294:
3292:
3289:
3287:
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3279:
3277:
3274:
3272:
3269:
3267:
3264:
3262:
3259:
3258:
3256:
3252:
3242:
3241:Wembley Arena
3239:
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3234:
3232:
3229:
3227:
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3212:
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3104:
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3090:
3087:
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3079:
3076:
3074:
3071:
3070:
3068:
3066:
3065:sports venues
3060:
3053:
3050:
3047:
3044:
3041:
3038:
3035:
3034:Selhurst Park
3032:
3029:
3026:
3023:
3020:
3017:
3014:
3011:
3008:
3005:
3002:
2999:
2996:
2993:
2992:Brisbane Road
2990:
2987:
2984:
2981:
2978:
2977:
2975:
2971:
2965:
2962:
2960:
2957:
2955:
2952:
2951:
2949:
2947:
2943:
2940:
2938:
2935:Entertainment
2932:
2926:
2923:
2921:
2918:
2916:
2913:
2911:
2908:
2906:
2903:
2901:
2898:
2896:
2895:Putney Bridge
2893:
2891:
2888:
2886:
2885:London Bridge
2883:
2881:
2878:
2876:
2873:
2871:
2868:
2866:
2863:
2861:
2858:
2856:
2853:
2851:
2850:Albert Bridge
2848:
2847:
2845:
2843:
2839:
2836:
2834:
2831:Buildings and
2828:
2823:
2816:
2811:
2809:
2804:
2802:
2797:
2796:
2793:
2778:
2774:
2768:
2762:
2758:
2754:
2749:
2745:
2741:
2736:
2730:
2726:
2722:
2719:
2716:
2713:
2712:
2707:
2706:
2702:
2700:
2696:
2692:
2689:
2687:
2683:
2680:
2678:
2674:
2671:
2668:
2666:
2663:
2662:
2658:
2653:
2649:
2645:
2641:
2637:
2633:
2630:
2626:
2622:
2619:
2615:
2614:
2610:
2601:
2597:
2591:
2588:
2583:
2579:
2573:
2570:
2565:
2561:
2555:
2552:
2547:
2543:
2537:
2534:
2529:
2525:
2519:
2516:
2511:
2507:
2501:
2498:
2482:
2475:
2469:
2467:
2463:
2458:
2454:
2449:
2441:
2438:
2433:
2429:
2425:
2419:
2416:
2411:
2407:
2403:
2397:
2394:
2381:
2375:
2372:
2367:
2363:
2359:
2352:
2349:
2344:
2340:
2335:
2327:
2324:
2316:
2309:
2303:
2300:
2295:
2291:
2286:
2278:
2275:
2270:
2264:
2256:
2252:
2246:
2243:
2238:
2234:
2227:
2220:
2217:
2204:
2200:
2194:
2191:
2186:
2182:
2178:
2172:
2170:
2166:
2153:
2149:
2142:
2140:
2132:
2129:
2124:
2120:
2119:The Telegraph
2115:
2110:
2104:
2102:
2098:
2086:. 5 June 1990
2085:
2081:
2074:
2072:
2068:
2059:
2056:
2051:
2045:
2037:
2033:
2029:
2023:
2020:
2015:
2011:
2007:
2001:
1998:
1993:
1989:
1988:
1983:
1977:
1975:
1971:
1966:
1962:
1958:
1951:
1948:
1932:
1925:
1919:
1916:
1904:
1903:
1898:
1892:
1888:
1882:
1879:
1870:
1869:
1864:
1858:
1856:
1852:
1839:
1835:
1828:
1825:
1818:
1815:
1810:
1806:
1802:
1798:
1794:
1790:
1786:
1782:
1775:
1772:
1759:
1755:
1749:
1746:
1741:
1737:
1736:Grace's Guide
1733:
1727:
1724:
1720:
1715:
1712:
1707:
1703:
1699:
1693:
1689:
1682:
1680:
1678:
1676:
1674:
1670:
1665:
1659:
1651:
1647:
1643:
1639:
1633:
1630:
1625:
1621:
1617:
1613:
1609:
1605:
1601:
1595:
1593:
1589:
1582:
1578:
1575:
1572:
1569:
1567:
1564:
1562:
1559:
1557:
1553:
1550:
1548:
1545:
1543:
1540:
1539:
1535:
1534:London portal
1529:
1524:
1519:
1509:
1504:
1497:
1492:
1485:
1480:
1477:Pier close up
1473:
1468:
1461:
1456:
1449:
1444:
1437:
1432:
1425:
1420:
1414:
1412:
1405:
1403:
1399:
1397:
1396:
1387:
1382:
1380:
1377:
1372:
1370:
1369:Isle of Grain
1366:
1362:
1358:
1354:
1351:in Essex and
1350:
1345:
1343:
1339:
1335:
1331:
1323:
1321:
1317:
1314:
1313:return period
1306:
1304:
1302:
1298:
1294:
1290:
1282:
1280:
1277:
1273:
1269:
1264:
1261:
1257:
1252:
1249:
1247:
1245:
1239:
1236:
1227:
1224:
1222:
1219:
1217:
1214:
1211:
1210:
1206:
1203:
1200:
1197:
1196:
1192:
1189:
1186:
1183:
1182:
1178:
1175:
1172:
1169:
1168:
1164:
1161:
1158:
1155:
1154:
1150:
1147:
1144:
1141:
1140:
1136:
1133:
1130:
1127:
1126:
1122:
1119:
1116:
1113:
1112:
1108:
1105:
1102:
1099:
1098:
1094:
1091:
1088:
1085:
1084:
1080:
1077:
1074:
1071:
1070:
1066:
1063:
1060:
1057:
1056:
1052:
1049:
1046:
1043:
1042:
1038:
1035:
1032:
1029:
1028:
1024:
1021:
1018:
1015:
1014:
1010:
1007:
1004:
1001:
1000:
996:
993:
990:
987:
986:
982:
979:
976:
973:
972:
968:
965:
962:
959:
958:
954:
951:
948:
945:
944:
940:
937:
934:
931:
930:
926:
923:
920:
917:
916:
912:
909:
906:
903:
902:
898:
895:
892:
889:
888:
884:
881:
878:
875:
874:
870:
867:
864:
861:
860:
856:
853:
850:
847:
846:
842:
839:
836:
833:
832:
828:
825:
822:
819:
818:
814:
811:
808:
805:
804:
800:
797:
794:
791:
790:
786:
783:
780:
777:
776:
772:
769:
766:
763:
762:
758:
755:
752:
749:
748:
744:
741:
738:
735:
734:
730:
727:
724:
721:
720:
716:
713:
710:
707:
706:
702:
699:
696:
693:
692:
688:
685:
682:
679:
678:
674:
671:
668:
665:
664:
660:
657:
654:
651:
650:
646:
643:
640:
637:
636:
632:
629:
626:
623:
622:
618:
615:
612:
609:
608:
603:
596:
593:
590:
589:
580:
574:
570:
565:
559:
552:
550:
546:
542:
538:
530:
528:
526:
521:
515:
513:
508:
506:
502:
498:
497:Port Clarence
494:
489:
487:
481:
479:
475:
471:
467:
462:
460:
456:
452:
448:
444:
440:
431:
424:
422:
419:
414:
410:
406:
402:
397:
394:
393:Hermann Bondi
391:In 1966, Sir
389:
387:
383:
379:
375:
371:
366:
362:
358:
350:
345:
343:
341:
337:
333:
329:
325:
321:
317:
313:
309:
305:
301:
297:
288:
284:
275:
268:
264:
260:
258:
254:
251:
247:
243:
240:
236:
233:
230:Height (
228:
224:
220:
217:
214:
212:
208:
203:
200:
197:
193:
187:
184:
182:
179:
177:
174:
172:
169:
167:
164:
163:
161:
157:
153:
149:
135:
131:
117:
113:
109:
105:
102:
101:Flood control
99:
95:
90:
62:
58:
55:
52:
48:
44:
40:
33:
28:
23:
19:Dam in London
5422:
5409:
5365:Other topics
5199:Royal Albert
5163:Pontoon Dock
5031:Canning Town
5014:Beckton Park
4976:DLR stations
4916:Plashet Park
4881:Central Park
4773:Clapton F.C.
4749:
4734:
4716:
4695:Green Street
4633:Temple Mills
4613:East Village
4553:Custom House
4541:Canning Town
4381:Fleet Street
4336:Baker Street
4223:Holland Park
4188:Burgess Park
3940:City Airport
3918:
3874:The Cenotaph
3451:Tate Britain
3394:
3382:Golden Hinde
3381:
3373:
3336:Thames House
3331:SIS Building
3296:Horse Guards
3226:The O2 Arena
2910:Tower Bridge
2772:
2766:
2756:
2744:River Thames
2710:
2704:
2635:
2620:
2617:
2599:
2590:
2581:
2572:
2563:
2554:
2545:
2536:
2527:
2518:
2509:
2500:
2488:. Retrieved
2481:the original
2452:
2440:
2427:
2418:
2405:
2396:
2384:. Retrieved
2374:
2361:
2351:
2338:
2326:
2315:the original
2302:
2289:
2277:
2254:
2245:
2219:
2207:. Retrieved
2203:the original
2193:
2180:
2156:. Retrieved
2154:. April 1999
2138:
2131:
2118:
2088:. Retrieved
2070:
2066:
2063:"Part III".
2058:
2022:
2009:
2000:
1985:
1960:
1950:
1938:. Retrieved
1931:the original
1918:
1906:. Retrieved
1900:
1890:
1881:
1868:The Guardian
1866:
1842:. Retrieved
1837:
1827:
1817:
1784:
1780:
1774:
1762:. Retrieved
1758:the original
1748:
1735:
1726:
1718:
1714:
1687:
1649:
1632:
1607:
1603:
1566:MOSE Project
1409:
1400:
1393:
1391:
1373:
1349:East Tilbury
1346:
1327:
1318:
1310:
1286:
1265:
1259:
1253:
1250:
1243:
1240:
1232:
1225:
1220:
1215:
573:New Charlton
549:East Molesey
534:
516:
512:Elizabeth II
509:
490:
482:
463:
436:
398:
390:
374:Crayfordness
370:sluice gates
354:
338:area of the
336:New Charlton
324:Isle of Dogs
316:storm surges
295:
293:
283:
266:
225:River Thames
154:ÂĢ534 million
5079:Forest Gate
4858:open spaces
4819:and markets
4725:Royal Docks
4673:Attractions
4611:(including
4594:(including
4582:(including
4574:Forest Gate
4561:(including
4544:(including
4532:(including
4401:King's Road
4346:Bond Street
4341:Bishopsgate
4228:Kew Gardens
4119:Royal Parks
4061:Kew Gardens
3899:Marble Arch
3894:London Wall
3828:Heron Tower
3823:The Gherkin
3780:Skyscrapers
3639:Brent Cross
3627:and markets
3609:Peter Jones
3456:Tate Modern
3286:County Hall
3063:Other major
3028:Plough Lane
3016:Loftus Road
2988:(Brentford)
2490:28 December
2209:25 November
2067:Marchioness
1840:. p. 3
1552:Delta Works
1244:Marchioness
1235:storm surge
537:tidal limit
409:spring tide
401:storm surge
306:of most of
274:GOV.UK page
195:Operator(s)
110:Operational
84: /
60:Coordinates
5439:Categories
5387:Public art
5297:Upton Park
5127:Manor Park
4990:Abbey Road
4700:House Mill
4638:Upton Park
4621:Mill Meads
4603:Silvertown
4579:Manor Park
4431:Piccadilly
4243:Trent Park
4132:Green Park
4127:Bushy Park
4076:London Zoo
3889:London Eye
3852:Structures
3756:Kew Palace
3739:Unoccupied
3614:Selfridges
3375:Cutty Sark
3311:Old Bailey
3254:Government
3190:Vaudeville
3046:The Valley
3006:(Millwall)
2833:structures
2528:www.ft.com
2146:(Report).
2121:. London.
2078:(Report).
1940:18 October
1583:References
1307:Operations
569:Silvertown
501:River Tees
493:Darlington
447:gas cooker
439:Wood Green
351:Background
328:Silvertown
304:floodplain
143:1984-05-08
69:51°29âē49âģN
5255:Stratford
5223:Star Lane
4921:Star Park
4856:Parks and
4685:City Hall
4608:Stratford
4596:Greengate
4521:Districts
4471:Whitehall
4426:Park Lane
4386:Haymarket
4361:Cheapside
4147:Hyde Park
4081:Oxo Tower
3933:Transport
3833:The Shard
3599:Hatchards
3563:Retailing
3393:HMS
3351:galleries
3291:Guildhall
3160:Palladium
3140:Criterion
3102:(cricket)
3091:(cricket)
3042:(Chelsea)
3012:(Arsenal)
2824:landmarks
2740:Crossings
2684:from the
2406:The Times
2255:ThamesWEB
2139:Sand Kite
1838:The Times
1658:cite book
1561:Floodgate
1554:with the
1395:The Times
1330:Sheerness
1260:Sand Kite
597:Combined
486:cofferdam
405:North Sea
378:river bed
320:North Sea
5411:Category
5331:West Ham
5151:Plaistow
5139:Maryland
5067:East Ham
4964:West Ham
4959:East Ham
4643:West Ham
4617:Maryland
4591:Plaistow
4567:Wall End
4558:East Ham
4411:The Mall
4366:Cornhill
4056:BT Tower
3843:Tower 42
3145:Dominion
3135:Coliseum
3117:Theatres
3100:The Oval
3080:(rowing)
3000:(Fulham)
2954:BFI IMAX
2721:Archived
2673:Archived
2652:60084379
2582:euronews
2457:Archived
2432:Archived
2428:BBC News
2410:Archived
2366:Archived
2343:Archived
2294:Archived
2263:cite web
2237:Archived
2185:Archived
2181:BBC News
2158:12 March
2123:Archived
2090:12 March
2071:Bowbelle
2044:cite web
2014:Archived
2010:BBC News
1992:Archived
1965:Archived
1961:BBC News
1844:12 March
1764:13 March
1740:Archived
1706:11594001
1520:See also
1246:disaster
1198:2024â25
1184:2023â24
1170:2022â23
1156:2021â22
1142:2020â21
1128:2019â20
1114:2018â19
1100:2017â18
1086:2016â17
1072:2015â16
1058:2014â15
1044:2013â14
1030:2012â13
1016:2011â12
1002:2010â11
988:2009â10
974:2008â09
960:2007â08
946:2006â07
932:2005â06
918:2004â05
904:2003â04
890:2002â03
876:2001â02
862:2000â01
848:1999â00
834:1998â99
820:1997â98
806:1996â97
792:1995â96
778:1994â95
764:1993â94
750:1992â93
736:1991â92
722:1990â91
708:1989â90
694:1988â89
680:1987â88
666:1986â87
652:1985â86
638:1984â85
624:1983â84
610:1982â83
601:fluvial
257:Turbines
222:Impounds
159:Built by
72:0°2âē12âģE
50:Location
5423:Commons
5392:Schools
5372:Council
5002:Beckton
4563:Plashet
4529:Beckton
4331:Aldwych
4323:Streets
4272:Squares
3869:Big Ben
3604:Liberty
3589:Harrods
3584:Hamleys
3395:Belfast
3346:Museums
3155:Old Vic
3125:Adelphi
3108:(rugby)
3004:The Den
2946:Cinemas
2842:Bridges
2742:of the
2727:55min.
2693:at the
2386:11 June
2069:and MV
1908:15 July
1789:Bibcode
1640:,
1612:Bibcode
1415:Gallery
1367:on the
1256:dredger
1212:Totals
599:tidal/
591:Season
499:on the
466:Costain
445:on his
346:History
330:in the
267:Website
232:thalweg
216:Barrage
166:Costain
141: (
123: (
97:Purpose
42:Country
5382:People
5283:
5055:Cyprus
4761:Sports
4534:Cyprus
4456:Strand
3150:Lyceum
3089:Lord's
2937:venues
2822:London
2650:
2642:
2564:GOV.UK
2546:GOV.UK
2510:GOV.UK
2233:UNESCO
1987:GOV.UK
1809:634390
1807:
1704:
1694:
1383:Future
1353:Cliffe
1238:tide.
594:Tidal
525:tonnes
250:metres
245:Length
239:metres
107:Status
54:London
4717:Orbit
4690:ExCeL
4176:Other
4110:Parks
4034:Other
3571:Shops
3216:ExCeL
3199:Other
2773:East:
2757:West:
2711:Flood
2484:(PDF)
2477:(PDF)
2318:(PDF)
2311:(PDF)
2229:(PDF)
2144:(PDF)
2076:(PDF)
1934:(PDF)
1927:(PDF)
1822:1983.
1805:JSTOR
1342:Essex
604:Total
459:chalk
357:Roman
312:tides
237:20.1
4565:and
2648:OCLC
2640:ISBN
2492:2012
2388:2019
2269:link
2211:2009
2160:2021
2092:2021
2050:link
1942:2011
1910:2024
1846:2021
1766:2021
1702:OCLC
1692:ISBN
1664:link
1334:Kent
443:taps
314:and
294:The
248:520
125:1974
118:1974
4274:and
3348:and
2729:PBS
2625:doi
2621:134
1797:doi
1785:145
1620:doi
1340:in
1336:to
1332:in
1258:MV
1226:221
1221:102
1216:119
1193:13
1190:11
1053:50
1050:41
899:20
896:12
871:24
865:16
539:at
5441::
4619:,
4615:,
2646:.
2598:.
2580:.
2562:.
2544:.
2526:.
2508:.
2465:^
2455:.
2451:.
2426:.
2404:.
2364:.
2360:.
2341:.
2337:.
2292:.
2288:.
2265:}}
2261:{{
2253:.
2179:.
2168:^
2150:,
2117:.
2100:^
2082:,
2046:}}
2042:{{
2034:.
2030:.
2008:.
1973:^
1963:.
1959:.
1899:.
1865:.
1854:^
1836:.
1803:.
1795:.
1783:.
1734:.
1700:.
1672:^
1660:}}
1656:{{
1648:.
1618:.
1608:16
1606:.
1591:^
1371:.
1344:.
1303:.
1274:.
1207:0
1204:0
1201:0
1187:2
1179:2
1176:0
1173:2
1165:7
1162:0
1159:7
1151:6
1148:4
1145:2
1137:9
1134:0
1131:9
1123:3
1120:0
1117:3
1109:3
1106:0
1103:3
1095:2
1092:0
1089:2
1081:1
1078:0
1075:1
1067:1
1064:0
1061:1
1047:9
1039:5
1036:5
1033:0
1025:0
1022:0
1019:0
1011:0
1008:0
1005:0
997:5
994:3
991:2
983:5
980:4
977:1
969:6
966:0
963:6
955:8
952:0
949:8
941:3
938:0
935:3
927:4
924:0
921:4
913:1
910:0
907:1
893:8
885:4
882:1
879:3
868:8
857:6
854:3
851:3
843:2
840:0
837:2
829:1
826:0
823:1
815:1
812:0
809:1
801:4
798:0
795:4
787:4
784:2
781:2
773:7
770:4
767:3
759:4
756:0
753:4
745:0
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