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way to cope with his loss, and picked up its development soon after Joel's funeral. To that point the game had been written based on unknowing of Joel's fate, but with his death, the team recognized that much of what they had in place was more focused on the narrative from Ryan and Amy's side, and made it feel more of a selfish work. There were also concerns from investors about the interactivity of the title. They rewrote about 70% of the game to make it more focused on the interactions with Joel. Originally, the game would have ended with the player witnessing a machine with numerous levers that could be pulled, giving the player some sense of control, but when they examined the machine's internals, would realize that all of the levers were disconnected, and that they had no control of the situation. Following Joel's death, they felt this scene was no longer applicable, and replaced it with the players interacting a final time with Joel in a cathedral in an afterlife-type setting as to bring closure to their story. With the change, Ryan hoped that the game would help people to cope and open up with others about the loss of loved ones. One design decision made was to represent the characters in the game with blank faces. Ryan stated that this was both that being a small team they did not have the technical capability to fully program and animate the character's faces, and that by leaving the faces featureless, it would help players engage by imagining themselves in the place of the game's characters.
305:
they had to face during Joel's life expressed as interactive art. The player is able to interact with the characters and make certain choices, similar to those faced by the Greens. The first scene is where the parents have learned of their child's diagnosis, having the player consider their new responsibilities for caring for the child while reflecting on the "absurdity and sterility" of the hospital setting. The game includes some fantasizing and imaginative reconstructions of some of the real moments the Greens experienced, such as a wagon ride in a hospital being envisioned as a colorful racing game. Alongside the interactivity, the game includes narration from Ryan, Amy, and other family members, as well as recordings such as voicemails that they had made during their time with Joel. The scenes include cards, letters, and other mementos of support for the Greens, sent by people who had experienced similar losses in their life.
360:. The translated scene in the demonstration had the player, as Ryan, at home with Joel at their nursery, with Joel constantly crying. Though numerous objects such as toys and books are given for the player to try to calm Joel down, none of them work, and attempting to leave the nursery was forbidden; only until all of the provided options were tried was the player given the last choice to sit down and resort to prayer to calm Joel down. The demonstration caught the attention of many of the media there, putting the title into the limelight. Several investors stepped forward to offer to help fund the completion of the game, but some of these investors later backed out, considering the project to be too risky. Ryan Green had been able to secure a deal with funding from
372:. After seeing the game at its current state in early 2013, Santiago "felt it needed to be made". The Ouya funding helped to support the Greens and Larson, as well as enabling them to hire three more developers. When Green announced the Ouya deal in August 2013, a few months after the console's public release to lukewarm reception, many criticized Green's choice due to the poor perception of the Ouya system, as well as a poorly worded
527:'s ContentID system to flag and take down some of these videos, leading some players to complain. Ryan admitted this was not the best approach towards addressing the issue. Ryan felt that they would be satisfied if these viewers had left small tips on Numinous Games' website in lieu of purchasing the game, so that Numinous could continue to develop more titles.
228:, using the medium's interactivity and immersion to relate the tale in ways that a film cannot. It was initially developed to relate Ryan and Amy's personal experience with Joel when they were uncertain of his health, but following his death, they reworked much of the game to memorialize and personalize their time and interactions with Joel for the player.
336:. Ryan stated that with video games "you can create this world and ask the player to live in it and love what you have created". The name of the game is taken from a story that the Greens had told their other sons about Joel's illness through an allegory about how Joel was a brave knight fighting a dragon named Cancer.
344:
also agreed to spend three months to help develop the title before returning to work. Once those months were over, Amy could not force Ryan to go back to work, both feeling that the game needed to be completed at this point. Amy, a writer, had already written a self-published book about their experience with Joel,
393:. The Kickstarter was successful, raising more than $ 100,000 from nearly 3,700 backers, and through it, several funders shared with the Greens their own photos and stories of their losses of their children at young ages due to incurable or inoperable maladies, which would be included within the game.
379:
The additional funding, though significant, expanded the scope of the game and caused some setbacks, and for some periods, the Greens lived off loans and donations during the development. Following Joel's death in 2014, Ryan was further committed to completing the game to honor Joel's memory and as a
331:
during their reflection on the past few years, specifically recalling a night at the hospital where he was trying to stop Joel from crying but anything he did seemed to make his crying worse; only after he sat down and prayed to God did Joel stop crying; Ryan recalled how that reminded him of a video
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at twelve months of age. By
November 2010, the doctors had given the child about four months to live, but despite developing seven additional tumors, Joel continued to live for four years following his initial diagnosis. Joel's condition left him mentally underdeveloped, being unable to speak even by
388:
campaign with the goal to have simultaneous release of the Ouya version alongside versions for
Windows and Mac OS X. The campaign was designed to raise sufficient funds, $ 85,000, to avoid pushing back the title from the planned mid-2015 release, and would be aided, if its goal were met, by personal
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from both third- and first-person perspective through a number of abstracted scenes based on the Greens' experience with raising Joel from learning of his condition through his death. The player takes the role of Joel's parents in fourteen small vignettes that capture some of the emotional moments
343:
in 2011. The two began talking about co-developing a game, and Larson had suggested that their hardships with Joel would make for a strong project. By late 2012, Larson agreed to forgo contract work for a year to work off savings to help bring the game to life, and after discussion with Amy, Ryan
32:
246:, in association with Ouya, to secure additional funds to complete the game, assuring simultaneous release on other platforms including Microsoft Windows and Mac OS X. The game was released on January 12, 2016, on what would have been Joel's seventh birthday. An
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treatment. In early 2014, Joel's condition worsened, and the Greens temporarily moved from
Colorado to San Francisco to take part in an experimental drug trial. The new drug failed to relieve the boy's new symptoms, so the Greens, following the advice of the
348:, and participated as the writer for the game, bringing in some of her existing narrative into the game. The Greens and Larson created the studio Numinous Games to distribute the title. Though the continuation of the studio will depend on the success of
477:
was highly praised by reviewers on its release, with many favorably commenting on the overwhelming emotional difficulty presented that forces the player to experience and understand what the Greens had gone through with Joel. Sam
Machkevoch of
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made effective use of the video game medium, as by forcing the player to interact instead of remaining an observer, the game "compels us to shoulder some of the creators’ grief and to embrace the legacy of Joel’s short life". Lucy O'Brien for
220:
based on the Greens' experience of raising their son Joel, who was diagnosed with terminal cancer at twelve months old. Though only given a short time to live, Joel survived for four more years before succumbing to the cancer in March 2014.
522:
had simply played through the game without commenting on it or providing viewers with links and information about the game, giving viewers no incentive to purchase the title once they had seen it in its entirety. Numinous Games used
383:
In
November 2014 with the Ouya and other investment funding running out, Ryan Green announced that to have the widest impact for their game, they had opted to forgo the Ouya exclusivity, and in association with Ouya, launched a
355:
Ryan began to seek funding to help support the project. He had initially developed a short demonstration of the game based on trying to calm Joel during that night at the hospital, which he and Larson demonstrated at the 2013
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The game was released on
January 12, 2016, coinciding with what would have been Joel's seventh birthday. The Greens encouraged supporters to enjoy pancakes for dinner on the day of release, as it was Joel's favorite food.
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352:, they expect to be able to continue to make similar emotional games using other third-party stories for inspiration, with expectations that being less involved will help to make further projects run smoother.
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game with subverted game mechanics. He wanted to relay his experiences of raising Joel to a larger audience, and felt that an interactive video game would be a better medium to express a message of
317:, felt that the added years they had with Joel from the original diagnosis were a miracle. Prior to the idea, Green had written some smaller games that were meant to be more emotional, such as
339:
Ryan and Amy worked with Josh Larson, a game developer that Ryan had met in 2010 while working at Soma Games, a developer for
Christian video games. Their friendship developed further after a
376:
message that Ouya had used to announce the product. Green defended his choice of opting for the Ouya, stating the company behind the device has good intentions towards the larger goal.
254:
and raw autobiographical experience from the parents' view, making the player deal with the difficult emotions and the strength of the Greens' faith. Alongside the game, a documentary,
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on
October 24, 2016. An audio documentary on the genesis of the game and the family's grief in preparing for Joel's death was produced by Gimlet with interviews by Ryan and Amy Green.
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452:. Through a successful Kickstarter, the film had a limited theatrical run before its digital release in March 2016. The documentary was broadcast on television on
405:
on Ouya would be donated to the Morgan Adams
Foundation and Family House SF, two charities that had assisted the Greens during Joel's treatment in San Francisco.
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238:, whose makers helped to fund the game's development. With expanded funding and a larger scope to the game, the developers engaged in a
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was unique in its approach for being "so frank, so nakedly autobiographical, and so imbued with its creators' spiritual identities".
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The game is designed to have the player experience the low and high moments of this period in the style of a point-and-click
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age 2, and he required additional parental care and supervision, alongside numerous visits to doctors and hospitals for
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In March 2016, Ryan Green, speaking for his team, commented that the game has only sold about 14,000 copies, based on
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to develop the game, in exchange for a time-limited exclusivity for the micro-console. Much of this came from
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created by Ryan and Amy Green, Josh Larson, and a small team under the name
Numinous Games. The game is an
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260:, documenting both the last few years of Joel's life and the development of the game, was aired in 2016.
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bore out from experiences that Ryan and Amy Green had after their third child Joel was diagnosed with an
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401:, which acquired the Ouya platform and properties in 2015, stated that all revenue from sales of
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data, and they have yet to recover their development funds for the game. Ryan noted that many
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321:, which demonstrated how one's interactions with a spouse could be negatively compared to a
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Ryan Green came up with the idea for the game when Joel was four. He and Amy, both devout
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929:"That Dragon, Cancer is a game that will make you want to hug your kids and never let go"
289:, decided to remove his feeding tube, and he died on March 13, 2014, at the age of five.
1774:"'Life is Strange' and 'That Dragon, Cancer' among top Games for Change award finalists"
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noted that while other games have tried to elicit similar emotions from its players,
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version was released in October 2016. The game was praised for being an example of
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1224:"A father's tribute to his son who died of cancer: A video game of love and grace"
1362:"'Thank You For Playing' film review: A beautiful, tragic attempt to press pause"
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898:"That Dragon, Cancer: the video game helping a father face his son's disease"
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believed that while some of the vignettes were not as powerful as others,
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1068:"That Dragon, Cancer: Coping with a son's diagnosis through a video game"
862:"Joel Green, Inspiration For 'That Dragon, Cancer', Passes Away At Age 5"
449:
448:, to air in 2016, while a preview airing was shown in August 2015 at the
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189:
1666:"'That Dragon, Cancer' dev on a difficult relationship with Let's Plays"
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independent of the game's development. The documentary was picked up by
960:"That Dragon, Cancer: A game that wrestles with grief, hope, and faith"
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373:
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1640:"'That Dragon, Cancer' "has not yet seen a single dollar from sales""
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summarized her review of the game as "imperfect, but unforgettable".
234:
was initially aimed for release as a time-limited exclusive for the
1336:"Upcoming documentary depicts development of 'That Dragon, Cancer'"
1252:"Razer to Donate Money From 'That Dragon, Cancer' Sales to Charity"
1974:"Bafta games awards 2017: 'Inside' and 'Uncharted 4' lead the way"
1586:"'That Dragon, Cancer' and how the digital age talks about death"
1096:"That Dragon, Cancer developer defends Ouya from recent backlash"
1448:"Go inside the indie dev scene with the Gameloading documentary"
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1692:"'That Dragon, Cancer' designer asks for Let's Play restraint"
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British Academy Games Award for Technical Achievement winners
1388:"'That Dragon, Cancer' documentary due digitally this month"
1309:"Documentary Film in Production about 'That Dragon, Cancer'"
368:, who at the time had been recently named as Ouya's head of
327:-like game. While at church, Ryan came up with the idea for
1119:"'That Dragon, Cancer' retells child's battle with disease"
806:"'That Dragon, Cancer': Q&A With Developer Ryan Green"
1558:"That Dragon, Cancer and the weird complexities of grief"
1283:"Heartbreaking game That Dragon, Cancer is now on iPhone"
420:
A documentary about the Greens and their development of
1748:"'Her Story' wins top prize at 18th annual IGF Awards"
1797:"Here are the Games for Change 2016 festival winners"
462:
and Ryan Green were featured in the 2015 documentary
834:"5 indie video games to get excited about this year"
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110:
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48:
38:
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1948:"Uncharted 4 Wins Game Of The Year At SXSW Awards"
1717:"Emotional Games Awards - and the winners are..."
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1024:
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1016:
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1012:
953:
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518:videos, gathering more than a million views, of
1846:"The Game Awards: Here's the full winners list"
1145:Green, Ryan; Larson, Josh (November 12, 2014).
656:National Academy of Video Game Trade Reviewers
1999:"'Uncharted 4' wins best game at BAFTA awards"
1908:National Academy of Video Game Trade Reviewers
922:
920:
8:
1476:"'That Dragon, Cancer' Knocked Me On My Ass"
1276:
1274:
891:
889:
2101:Video games developed in the United States
1882:Academy of Interactive Arts & Sciences
1446:Livingston, Christopher (April 21, 2015).
534:
30:
21:
1170:"That Dragon, Cancer launches on Jan. 12"
412:version was released on October 5, 2016.
768:
766:
764:
762:
760:
758:
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675:Matthew Crump Cultural Innovation Award
1795:Carmichael, Stephanie (June 26, 2016).
1066:Lussenhop, Jessica (January 12, 2016).
754:
752:
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746:
744:
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740:
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732:
1972:Webber, Jordan Erica (March 9, 2017).
1502:Robertson, Martin (January 11, 2016).
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693:Most Fulfilling Community-Funded Game
424:was announced in April 2014, entitled
1360:Machkovech, Sam (September 6, 2015).
1033:"A Game About Cancer, One Year Later"
799:
797:
7:
1584:Khaw, Cassandra (February 4, 2016).
1474:Klepek, Patrick (January 11, 2016).
1194:Morrison, Angus (January 12, 2016).
1031:Stafford, Patrick (April 16, 2015).
958:Machkovech, Sam (January 11, 2016).
927:Webster, Andrew (January 11, 2016).
1875:"20th Annual DICE Awards Finalists"
1844:Stark, Chelsea (December 1, 2016).
1820:"All the 2016 Game Awards Nominees"
1818:Makuch, Eddie (November 16, 2016).
1724:. February 12, 2016. Archived from
1638:Matulef, Jeffrey (March 25, 2016).
1386:Matulef, Jeffrey (March 16, 2016).
1281:Webster, Andrew (October 6, 2016).
1094:Lien, Tracey (September 20, 2013).
1922:"2017 SXSW Gaming Awards Nominees"
1664:Nutt, Christian (March 24, 2016).
1610:O'Brien, Lucy (January 15, 2016).
1556:Stuart, Keith (January 14, 2016).
1528:Clark, Justin (January 13, 2016).
1222:Kaplan, Sarah (January 12, 2016).
1117:Molina, Brett (January 13, 2016).
832:Winkie, Luke (February 16, 2014).
577:Excellence in Audio and Narrative
14:
896:Robertson, Andy (July 12, 2013).
702:13th British Academy Games Awards
167:
150:
2136:Video games based on real people
1946:Makuch, Eddie (March 19, 2017).
1772:Crecente, Brian (June 2, 2016).
1690:Dranfeld, Ian (March 25, 2016).
1168:Good, Owen (December 22, 2015).
647:Outstanding Achievement in Story
273:atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumor
1250:Paget, Mat (January 11, 2016).
1196:"'That Dragon, Cancer' out now"
860:Futter, Mike (March 13, 2014).
773:Tanz, Jason (January 6, 2016).
464:GameLoading: Rise of The Indies
2066:Kickstarter-funded video games
1530:"'That Dragon, Cancer' Review"
1334:Wawro, Alex (April 11, 2014).
1307:Green, Ryan (April 10, 2014).
804:Akl, Aida (January 22, 2016).
1:
1752:Entertainment Weekly's EW.com
2106:Games financed by Indie Fund
1504:"That Dragon, Cancer review"
1311:. Ryan Green. Archived from
558:Emotional Games Awards 2016
630:20th Annual D.I.C.E. Awards
389:loans and funding from the
2152:
2091:Video games about children
572:Independent Games Festival
561:Best Emotional Indie Game
358:Game Developers Conference
252:video games as an art form
2131:Single-player video games
713:
700:
680:
668:
641:
628:
625:
598:
586:
554:
29:
685:Excellence in Narrative
2126:The Game Awards winners
2096:Video games about death
2061:Crowdfunded video games
1904:"NAVGTR Awards (2016)"
988:"Why Games Need Grace"
436:Malika Zouhali-Worrall
2056:Christian video games
1612:"That Dragon, Cancer"
1147:"That Dragon, Cancer"
635:D.I.C.E. Sprite Award
430:. It was produced by
427:Thank You for Playing
257:Thank You for Playing
659:Game, Special Class
612:The Game Awards 2016
1415:"#50 The Cathedral"
903:The Daily Telegraph
520:That Dragon, Cancer
498:That Dragon, Cancer
486:That Dragon, Cancer
475:That Dragon, Cancer
460:That Dragon, Cancer
422:That Dragon, Cancer
403:That Dragon, Cancer
370:developer relations
350:That Dragon, Cancer
329:That Dragon, Cancer
298:That Dragon, Cancer
269:That Dragon, Cancer
232:That Dragon, Cancer
209:That Dragon, Cancer
143:Windows, OS X, Ouya
25:That Dragon, Cancer
2116:Works about cancer
775:"Playing for Time"
671:SXSW Gaming Awards
1884:. 12 January 2017
1799:. Classcraft Blog
1427:. January 7, 2016
1315:on April 13, 2014
874:on March 17, 2014
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616:Games for Impact
346:He's Not Dead Yet
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117:Microsoft Windows
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2046:2016 video games
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442:as part of
416:Documentary
386:Kickstarter
309:Development
244:Kickstarter
112:Platform(s)
94:Jon Hillman
90:Composer(s)
74:Josh Larson
60:Designer(s)
2081:Ouya games
2040:Categories
1931:3 February
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1371:October 5,
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1042:October 5,
1002:2015-04-01
992:GameChurch
728:References
711:Nominated
707:Debut Game
696:Nominated
688:Nominated
651:Nominated
639:Nominated
580:Nominated
516:Let's Play
432:David Osit
399:Razer Inc.
391:Indie Fund
324:Tamagotchi
315:Christians
264:Background
64:Ryan Green
2071:IOS games
2051:Art games
1957:March 19,
1854:Vox Media
1776:. Polygon
1701:March 26,
1675:March 24,
1670:Gamasutra
1649:March 25,
1644:Eurogamer
1508:Eurogamer
1425:Reply All
1399:March 16,
1393:Eurogamer
1345:April 12,
1340:Gamasutra
1319:April 10,
1287:The Verge
1124:USA Today
1102:March 13,
1098:. Polygon
934:The Verge
909:March 13,
878:March 13,
845:March 13,
531:Accolades
512:Steam Spy
470:Reception
319:Giga Wife
186:Adventure
84:Amy Green
80:Writer(s)
2009:April 6,
1983:March 9,
1952:GameSpot
1824:GameSpot
1803:June 26,
1696:PC Gamer
1535:GameSpot
1453:PC Gamer
1257:GameSpot
1201:PC Gamer
544:Category
450:PAX Expo
341:game jam
293:Gameplay
181:Genre(s)
1850:Polygon
1780:June 2,
1721:Develop
1174:Polygon
1037:Polygon
525:YouTube
374:Twitter
287:hospice
196:Mode(s)
139:Release
133:Android
1757:25 May
1481:Kotaku
547:Result
212:is an
100:Engine
1878:(PDF)
839:Salon
780:Wired
669:2017
626:2017
555:2016
541:Award
334:grace
105:Unity
2011:2017
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721:Won
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564:Won
550:Ref
538:Year
492:for
434:and
362:Ouya
280:and
236:Ouya
125:Ouya
121:OS X
2003:BBC
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504:IGN
454:PBS
445:POV
440:PBS
410:iOS
408:An
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