285:
293:
Fazekas. In another account, a medical student in a neighbouring town found high arsenic levels in a body that washed up on the riverbank, leading to an investigation. However, according to Béla Bodó, a
Hungarian-American historian and author of the first scholarly book on the subject, the murders were finally made public in 1929 when an anonymous letter to the editor of a small local newspaper accused women from the Tiszazug region of the country of poisoning family members.
67:
74:
275:
The first poisoning in Nagyrév took place in 1911; it was not the work of
Fazekas. The deaths of other husbands, children, and family members soon followed. The poisonings became a fad, and by the mid-1920s, Nagyrév earned the nickname "the murder district". There were an estimated 45–50 murders over
263:
prisoners of war. With POWs having limited freedom within the village, the women living there often had one or more foreign lovers while their husbands were away. When the men returned, despite their wife's affairs, many decided to return to their previous way of life, creating a volatile situation.
292:
Three conflicting accounts have been cited to explain how the Angel Makers were eventually detected. In one, Szabó, one of the Angel Makers, was caught in the act by two visitors who survived her poisoning attempts. She pointed a finger at a woman with the surname
Bukenoveski, who in turn named
271:
After murdering their husbands, some of the women went on to poison their parents, who had become a burden to them, or to get hold of their inheritance. Others poisoned their lovers, some even their sons. The midwife allegedly asked the poisoners, "Why put up with them?"
250:
In
Hungarian society at that time, the future husband of a teenage bride was selected by her family and she was forced to accept her parents' choice. Divorce was not allowed even if the husband was an alcoholic or abusive. During
296:
Authorities exhumed dozens of corpses from the local cemetery. 34 women and one man were indicted. Afterwards, 26 of the Angel Makers were tried, among them
Fazekas. Eight were sentenced to death, but only two were
276:
the 18 years that
Fazekas lived in the district. She was the closest thing to a doctor the village had, and her cousin was the clerk who filed all the death certificates, allowing the murders to go undetected.
990:
239:
Fazekas was a middle-aged midwife who arrived in Nagyrév in 1911, with her husband already missing without explanation. Between 1911 and 1921, she was imprisoned ten times for performing
318:
371:
524:
428:
1020:
1005:
980:
857:
550:
1000:
975:
264:
At this time, Fazekas began secretly persuading women who wished to escape this situation to poison their husbands using arsenic made by boiling
862:
66:
995:
830:
659:
965:
955:
811:
796:
781:
354:
945:
940:
935:
930:
634:
379:
515:
844:
82:
899:
882:
436:
284:
822:
960:
950:
558:
836:
462:
260:
1010:
869:
344:
1015:
240:
201:
87:
1025:
985:
750:
674:
546:
298:
193:
46:
288:
Defendants in the arsenic poisoning case of the
Tiszazug area walking in the Szolnok prison yard
826:
807:
792:
777:
742:
350:
970:
772:
734:
607:
217:
101:
402:
216:(Fazekas Gyuláné Oláh Zsuzsanna), wife of Gyula Fazekas. Their story is the subject of the
17:
256:
221:
204:, who poisoned to death an estimated 40–100 men between 1914 and 1929. They were supplied
488:
819:
The Angel Makers: Arsenic, a
Midwife, and Modern History's Most Astonishing Murder Ring
551:"Angels of Death – Nurses, nurses who kill their patients (Chapter 5, Murder by Proxy)"
458:
924:
754:
877:
581:
252:
738:
244:
746:
200:, "Tiszazug poison-mixers") were a group of women living in the village of
699:
265:
133:
8 death sentences, only 2 of which were carried out; 12 others imprisoned
319:"The Angel Makers: the most notorious murder ring you've never heard of"
205:
166:
463:"Film Festival Reviews; Life's Creatures Glow Until Violence Darkens"
227:
123:
378:(in Hungarian and English). Edinburgh College of Art. Archived from
283:
806:. Columbia University Press East European Monographs, 2003.
660:"RUBICONline | A Rubicon történelmi folyóirat honlapja"
635:"11 Terrifying Female Serial Killers You've Never Heard Of"
991:
Health care professionals convicted of murdering patients
349:. Boulder: East European Monographs. pp. 185–186.
725:
Bodó, Béla (2002). "The poisoning women of
Tiszazug".
427:International Documentary Film Festival Amsterdam.
172:
160:
152:
142:
137:
129:
119:
107:
97:
45:
34:
514:
259:, rural Nagyrév was an ideal location for holding
208:and encouraged to use it by a local midwife named
27:Female group of murderers in 20th-century Hungary
700:"American front in the Hungarian village killer"
804:Tiszazug: A Social History of a Murder Epidemic
582:"| Europe | Unearthing Hungary husband murders"
346:Tiszazug: A Social History of a Murder Epidemic
73:
878:BBC News: "Unearthing Hungary husband murders"
255:, when able-bodied men were sent to fight for
403:"Mirren film brings war tragedy to Yorkshire"
8:
301:. Another twelve received prison sentences.
31:
886:: "The Angel Makers of Nagyrév" | Hungary
891:
309:
791:. 2nd edition. Checkmark Books. 2006.
706:. Index Media Association. 21 May 2004
1021:People convicted of murder by Hungary
268:and skimming off the lethal residue.
7:
1006:Hungarian people convicted of murder
845:Editorial Los Libros del Mississippi
864:CLEWS: The Historic True Crime Blog
884:Evidence Locker True Crime Podcast
789:The Encyclopedia of Serial Killers
513:Popham, Peter (26 November 2005).
25:
981:Executed Hungarian serial killers
487:Heather Sutfin (17 August 2016).
606:Barry Yeoman (1 November 1999).
317:Adams; Priadko (2 August 2023).
72:
65:
1001:Hungarian female serial killers
900:"Veneno, drama en cuatro actos"
847:, 2024. ISBN 978-84-128242-0-9.
673:Tonya Blust (12 January 2016).
527:from the original on 7 May 2022
516:"Hungary: Murder on the Danube"
247:by judges supporting abortion.
976:Executed female serial killers
675:"Creepy crimes from the 1920s"
1:
841:Veneno, drama en cuatro actos
633:Katie Heaney (15 July 2014).
489:"The Angel Makers of Nagyrév"
148:abusive or unwanted relatives
904:www.librosdelmississippi.com
401:Sharp, Rob (5 August 2006).
580:Fish, Jim (29 March 2004).
18:The Angel Makers of Nagyrév
1042:
996:Hungarian female murderers
739:10.1177/036319900202700103
727:Journal of Family History
679:www.historictruecrime.com
182:
115:
61:
57:
41:
966:1920s murders in Hungary
956:1910s murders in Hungary
776:. PaperBooks Ltd. 2007.
614:. Sussex Publishers, LLC
429:"The Angelmakers | IDFA"
946:1929 murders in Hungary
941:1920 murders in Hungary
936:1919 murders in Hungary
931:1914 murders in Hungary
370:Astrid Bussink (2006).
190:Angel Makers of Nagyrév
36:Angel Makers of Nagyrév
289:
198:Tiszazugi méregkeverők
197:
52:Tiszazugi méregkeverők
287:
243:but was consistently
225:and the feature film
83:class=notpageimage|
439:on 20 December 2016
343:Bodó, Béla (2002).
817:McCracken, Patti.
770:Gregson, Jessica.
547:Katherine Ramsland
376:archive.dokweb.net
323:ABC Radio National
290:
787:Newton, Michael.
704:www.transindex.ro
555:The Crime library
372:"The Angelmakers"
241:illegal abortions
210:Zsuzsanna Fazekas
186:
185:
108:Years active
16:(Redirected from
1033:
961:1920s in Hungary
951:1910s in Hungary
916:
915:
913:
911:
896:
773:The Angel Makers
759:
758:
722:
716:
715:
713:
711:
696:
690:
689:
687:
685:
670:
664:
663:
656:
650:
649:
647:
645:
630:
624:
623:
621:
619:
612:Psychology Today
603:
597:
596:
594:
592:
577:
571:
570:
568:
566:
557:. Archived from
549:(3 March 2007).
543:
537:
536:
534:
532:
518:
510:
504:
503:
501:
499:
484:
478:
477:
475:
473:
461:(5 April 2003).
455:
449:
448:
446:
444:
435:. Archived from
424:
418:
417:
415:
413:
398:
392:
391:
389:
387:
367:
361:
360:
340:
334:
333:
331:
329:
314:
218:documentary film
202:Nagyrév, Hungary
174:Date apprehended
163:
145:
76:
75:
69:
32:
21:
1041:
1040:
1036:
1035:
1034:
1032:
1031:
1030:
921:
920:
919:
909:
907:
898:
897:
893:
854:
837:Gómez, Fernando
799:. pp. 1–2.
767:
762:
724:
723:
719:
709:
707:
698:
697:
693:
683:
681:
672:
671:
667:
658:
657:
653:
643:
641:
632:
631:
627:
617:
615:
605:
604:
600:
590:
588:
579:
578:
574:
564:
562:
561:on 3 March 2007
545:
544:
540:
530:
528:
521:The Independent
512:
511:
507:
497:
495:
493:Sword and Scale
486:
485:
481:
471:
469:
467:www.nytimes.com
457:
456:
452:
442:
440:
426:
425:
421:
411:
409:
400:
399:
395:
385:
383:
369:
368:
364:
357:
342:
341:
337:
327:
325:
316:
315:
311:
307:
282:
257:Austria-Hungary
237:
222:The Angelmakers
175:
161:
143:
120:Criminal charge
93:
92:
91:
85:
79:
78:
77:
37:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1039:
1037:
1029:
1028:
1023:
1018:
1013:
1008:
1003:
998:
993:
988:
983:
978:
973:
968:
963:
958:
953:
948:
943:
938:
933:
923:
922:
918:
917:
890:
889:
888:
880:
875:
867:
860:
853:
852:External links
850:
849:
848:
834:
831:978-0063275034
823:William Morrow
815:
800:
785:
766:
763:
761:
760:
717:
691:
665:
651:
625:
598:
572:
538:
505:
479:
459:Stephen Holden
450:
419:
393:
382:on 5 July 2017
362:
355:
335:
308:
306:
303:
281:
278:
236:
233:
184:
183:
180:
179:
176:
173:
170:
169:
164:
158:
157:
154:
150:
149:
146:
140:
139:
135:
134:
131:
127:
126:
121:
117:
116:
113:
112:
109:
105:
104:
99:
95:
94:
81:
80:
71:
70:
64:
63:
62:
59:
58:
55:
54:
49:
43:
42:
39:
38:
35:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1038:
1027:
1024:
1022:
1019:
1017:
1014:
1012:
1009:
1007:
1004:
1002:
999:
997:
994:
992:
989:
987:
984:
982:
979:
977:
974:
972:
969:
967:
964:
962:
959:
957:
954:
952:
949:
947:
944:
942:
939:
937:
934:
932:
929:
928:
926:
905:
901:
895:
892:
887:
885:
881:
879:
876:
874:
872:
868:
866:
865:
861:
859:
858:Crime Library
856:
855:
851:
846:
842:
838:
835:
832:
828:
824:
820:
816:
813:
812:0-88033-487-8
809:
805:
801:
798:
797:0-8160-6196-3
794:
790:
786:
783:
782:0-9551094-6-9
779:
775:
774:
769:
768:
764:
756:
752:
748:
744:
740:
736:
732:
728:
721:
718:
705:
701:
695:
692:
680:
676:
669:
666:
661:
655:
652:
640:
636:
629:
626:
613:
609:
602:
599:
587:
583:
576:
573:
560:
556:
552:
548:
542:
539:
526:
522:
517:
509:
506:
494:
490:
483:
480:
468:
464:
460:
454:
451:
438:
434:
430:
423:
420:
408:
404:
397:
394:
381:
377:
373:
366:
363:
358:
356:9780880334877
352:
348:
347:
339:
336:
324:
320:
313:
310:
304:
302:
300:
294:
286:
279:
277:
273:
269:
267:
262:
258:
254:
248:
246:
242:
234:
232:
230:
229:
224:
223:
219:
215:
211:
207:
203:
199:
195:
191:
181:
177:
171:
168:
165:
159:
155:
151:
147:
141:
136:
132:
128:
125:
122:
118:
114:
110:
106:
103:
100:
96:
89:
84:
68:
60:
56:
53:
50:
48:
44:
40:
33:
30:
19:
908:. Retrieved
906:(in Spanish)
903:
894:
883:
873:film website
870:
863:
840:
818:
803:
802:Bodó, Béla.
788:
771:
765:Bibliography
733:(1): 40–59.
730:
726:
720:
708:. Retrieved
703:
694:
682:. Retrieved
678:
668:
654:
642:. Retrieved
638:
628:
616:. Retrieved
611:
601:
589:. Retrieved
585:
575:
563:. Retrieved
559:the original
554:
541:
529:. Retrieved
520:
508:
496:. Retrieved
492:
482:
470:. Retrieved
466:
453:
441:. Retrieved
437:the original
432:
422:
410:. Retrieved
407:The Guardian
406:
396:
384:. Retrieved
380:the original
375:
365:
345:
338:
326:. Retrieved
322:
312:
295:
291:
274:
270:
249:
238:
226:
220:
213:
209:
189:
187:
86:Location of
51:
29:
1011:Mariticides
871:Angelmakers
710:10 December
684:10 December
644:10 December
618:10 December
608:"Bad Girls"
591:10 December
565:10 December
531:10 December
498:10 December
472:10 December
443:10 December
433:www.idfa.nl
412:10 December
386:10 December
253:World War I
98:Nationality
1016:Parricides
925:Categories
305:References
156:40–300 men
90:in Hungary
1026:Poisoners
986:Filicides
245:acquitted
194:Hungarian
144:Target(s)
111:1914–1929
102:Hungarian
47:Hungarian
910:10 April
825:. 2023.
755:44608586
747:11789522
639:BuzzFeed
586:BBC News
525:Archived
328:7 August
299:executed
266:flypaper
971:Arsenic
280:Capture
206:arsenic
167:Arsenic
162:Weapons
138:Details
130:Penalty
88:Nagyrév
829:
810:
795:
780:
753:
745:
353:
261:Allied
235:Crimes
228:Hukkle
212:, née
153:Killed
124:Murder
751:S2CID
912:2024
827:ISBN
808:ISBN
793:ISBN
778:ISBN
743:PMID
712:2016
686:2016
646:2016
620:2016
593:2016
567:2016
533:2016
500:2016
474:2016
445:2016
414:2016
388:2016
351:ISBN
330:2023
214:Oláh
188:The
178:1929
735:doi
927::
902:.
843:.
839:.
821:.
749:.
741:.
731:27
729:.
702:.
677:.
637:.
610:.
584:.
553:.
523:.
519:.
491:.
465:.
431:.
405:.
374:.
321:.
231:.
196::
914:.
833:.
814:.
784:.
757:.
737::
714:.
688:.
662:.
648:.
622:.
595:.
569:.
535:.
502:.
476:.
447:.
416:.
390:.
359:.
332:.
192:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
