401:, he notes that this was an issue which was only dealt with by J.D. Lewis-Williams in his paper. Regarding the ethnographic chapters, he remarks that they suffer from "the problem of cross-cultural reference", failing to understand the socio-cultural evolution of magico-religious practitioners, assuming that contemporary shamans practice in the same way as their historic and prehistoric forebears. Concluding his review, Winkelman accepts the importance of the anthology in illustrating both that "there is a substantial basis for an archaeology of shamanism" and that "shamanic frameworks are essential for accurate interpretation of prehistory." Despite this, he laments that the book's lack of a well defined conceptual framework is indicative that the archaeology of shamanism is still in its "infancy".
355:, the paper then provides an overview of the archaeological crematory and sacrificial evidence from Anglo-Saxon contexts. Looking at animal designs found on some cremation urns, the paper highlights the recurring image of the horse within such contexts. Drawing from anthropological comparisons, Williams looks at shamanic cultures across Eurasia and North America which have performed animal sacrifice at funerals, before going on to look at evidence from both Scandinavian and Anglo-Saxon literary sources, from which he puts forward the possibility that there may have been a shamanic component to Anglo-Saxon pagan religion.
370:"This book provides important data for understanding shamanism and its interpretation in the archaeological record, but falls short of Price's stated purpose of providing an overview of the field. This shortcoming is not solely due to the Arctic and subArctic focus, but to the conceptual and methodological lacuna arising from the lack of an empirical, etic and cross-culturally derived model of shamanism. The failure to use models derived from cross-cultural studies leaves the various authors floundering for a model from which they can assess their materials."
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In undertaking research for his doctoral thesis, Price took great interest in circumpolar shamanism, attending academic conferences on this subject and reading much published material that had been produced by anthropologists. He found that much of the data which he collected in this area was
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noted that while Price and the other authors "adopt an approach that shamanism can be differentiated from other forms of religious phenomena", he believed that they had failed to explain how they had adopted such an approach to the reader. He furthermore opined that the work suffers from "an
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178:'s Department of Archaeology from October 1988 through to May 1992. Under the supervision of the archaeologists Steve Roskams and Richard Hall, Price had initially focused his research on the Anglo-Scandinavian tenements at 16–22
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in York, although eventually moved away from this to focus on archaeology within
Scandinavia itself. Personal circumstances meant that Price was unable to finish his doctoral thesis at York, and in 1992 he emigrated to
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Chapter thirteen, "An ideology of transformation: Cremation rites and animal sacrifice in early Anglo-Saxon
England", is provided by Howard Williams, then a Lecturer in Archaeology at
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351:, highlighting potentially shamanic elements of such religious practices. Following a brief overview of how earlier scholars have approached the study of
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as a research scholar, beginning full-time work there the following year. At
Uppsala, he went on to complete his doctoral thesis and gain his
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Williams, Howard (2001). "An
Ideology of Transformation: Cremation rites and animal sacrifice in early Anglo-Saxon England".
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ultimately of little use for his thesis, and so he included it in an edited anthology which he put together entitled
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in 2001. Containing fourteen separate papers produced by various scholars working in the disciplines of
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inability to determine just what constitutes a shaman" and how shamanism was "distinct from other
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under the supervision of Anne-Sofie Gräslund, which would later be published under the title of
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practices." Believing that the work could have been improved by a greater examination of the
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The first edition cover of the book, depicting a
Mongolian shaman in a trance in 1934.
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540:. Vol. 12. The McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research. pp. 268–270.
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498:. Uppsala: Department of Archaeology and Ancient History, Uppsala University.
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Part One: The
Archaeology of Shamanism: Cognition, cosmology and world-view
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The Viking Way: Religion and War in Late Iron Age
Scandinavia
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Part Two: Siberia and
Central Asia: The 'cradle of shamanism'
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The Viking Way: Religion and War in Late Iron Age
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is an academic anthology edited by the
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517:. London: Routledge. pp. 193–212.
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335:Part Four: Northern Europe
359:Reception and recognition
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166:Background
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576:Shamanism
410:Footnotes
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148:Routledge
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68:Shamanism
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213:Synopsis
209:(2001).
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