199:, culminating in Fox's resignation on 14 October and a continuing official investigation. The controversy surrounded Werritty attending official defence meetings with Fox (notably in Pakistan) despite not being employed in any official capacity by the British government, Werritty's running of Pargav Ltd, and his ties with powerful Tory figures, supporters, and lobbyists through The Atlantic Bridge. Considering the rejected charitable status of The Atlantic Bridge, the question of Fox's independence and the distinction between the government, think-tanks, charities, and private business and corporate interests has been raised.
2758:
2748:
170:
The
Atlantic Bridge gained charitable status in 2003 as an "education and research scheme". In September 2009, the Charity Commission started a regulatory compliance case after receiving a complaint about the charity. A 2010 report by the Charity Commission ruled that it was "not evident that had
84:, Fox claimed that the think tank was intended to "bring people together who have common interests and recognise that... will all be called upon to defend those... interests". Its work largely consisted of uniting British and American Conservatives and
2786:
2801:
234:, is a company referred to as simply "IRG Ltd". More than 30 companies and organisations use the same initials, including an Iraq-focused charity, an executive recruitment agency linked to the former Tory minister
171:
advanced education" and "may lead members of the public to call into question its independence from party politics". It was ordered to enact a 12-month review to bring it into line with its charitable objectives.
2172:
1913:
1081:
2791:
354:
375:
2519:
2514:
2811:
2654:
2816:
1925:
107:
In 2003, when Fox was Shadow
Secretary for Health, he also chaired a conference on "scientific research and medical provision". Speakers included Grace-Marie Turner of the
2806:
1201:
388:
970:
159:
2781:
1937:
1191:
1036:
1552:
1206:
1433:
2796:
1483:
1731:
761:
218:, "But the report, which named the six companies and individuals that funded Werritty's Pargav "slush fund", has raised more unanswered questions. Among the
2697:
2637:
1901:
1889:
1877:
1865:
1853:
1841:
1831:
1819:
1809:
1797:
1785:
1181:
1273:
131:(ALEC), a free-market organisation with extensive links to American State Legislators and corporate and industrial groups. It has hosted events with the
2353:
887:
2378:
1196:
2821:
2526:
1715:
1644:
1639:
1630:
1166:
1161:
358:
67:
1741:
1527:
1278:
27:, an ideology of cooperation between the United Kingdom and the United States regarding political, economic, and defence issues. It was set up by
2250:
1473:
1216:
1026:
362:
1557:
1522:
1313:
963:
604:
579:
527:
128:
2035:
1517:
1258:
1238:
1171:
2189:
1288:
910:
2509:
2285:
1989:
1710:
1468:
1463:
1453:
2343:
2721:
2493:
2260:
2053:
1984:
1458:
1418:
207:
2458:
2448:
2303:
2255:
2209:
1502:
1116:
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2413:
2132:
2014:
1998:
1592:
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956:
449:
2598:
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423:
2308:
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2069:
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295:
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266:
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634:
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2333:
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1106:
1066:
427:
80:
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2368:
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2116:
1979:
1096:
501:
2647:
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2323:
2230:
2084:
1283:
1101:
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936:
608:
147:
136:
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475:
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2762:
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2204:
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2408:
2199:
2100:
1262:
1233:
1076:
1061:
2752:
2588:
2079:
1448:
1333:
784:"The Atlantic Bridge Education and Research Scheme – scanned accounts, year ended 3 February 2010"
737:"The Atlantic Bridge Education and Research Scheme – scanned accounts, year ended 3 February 2007"
612:
531:
2703:
2245:
1649:
1532:
1303:
1046:
235:
2483:
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1858:
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1443:
1378:
1363:
1353:
1338:
1268:
1254:
1186:
715:
398:
20:
553:
389:"'Charity' spent lavishly on bringing right wing Conservatives together with American allies"
215:
2443:
1616:
1348:
1071:
711:
479:
231:
219:
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47:, and Chris Grayling have previously sat on its advisory panel, as have American senators
2593:
1582:
1577:
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1328:
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112:
108:
101:
188:
newspaper published details of an alleged improper relationship and interactions between
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1870:
1751:
1668:
1659:
1587:
1512:
1507:
1383:
1293:
1149:
151:
52:
40:
154:, a key funder of Atlantic Bridge who provided 58% of the charity's voluntary income,
59:. The organisation's principal staff included Catherine Bray (US Executive Director),
2775:
2473:
1906:
1882:
1846:
1700:
1677:
1654:
1611:
1572:
1547:
1398:
1388:
1373:
453:
189:
97:
89:
60:
56:
44:
554:"Catherine Bray – Director, International Relations and the Atlantic Bridge Project"
1790:
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1621:
1562:
1493:
1358:
1343:
1086:
1051:
1031:
941:
227:
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36:
948:
860:
834:
808:
299:
1930:
1894:
1597:
1542:
1408:
1393:
1228:
909:
Neate, Rupert; Booth, Robert; McVeigh, Karen; O'Donnell, Gus (20 October 2011).
247:
24:
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1824:
1705:
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1690:
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1672:
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1488:
1368:
270:
223:
638:
402:
2558:
1918:
1403:
1323:
1298:
393:
93:
911:"Downing Street pressed for more detail of donors named in Liam Fox report"
660:
452:. The Atlantic Bridge – via – Web archive. 16 December 2004. Archived from
888:
Allegations against Rt Hon Dr Liam Fox MP: Report by the
Cabinet Secretary
355:
Regulatory Case Report – The
Atlantic Bridge Research and Education Scheme
2438:
1602:
196:
174:
On 30 September 2011, The
Atlantic Bridge was dissolved by its trustees.
85:
66:
It was dissolved in
September 2011, following a critical report from the
28:
580:"How corporate dark money is taking power on both sides of the Atlantic"
48:
687:"Michael Hintze: Liam Fox backer who helped to bankroll foreign trips"
530:. The Atlantic Bridge – via – Web archive. 10 May 2003. Archived from
155:
116:
937:
Liam Fox's
Atlantic Bridge linked top Tories and Tea Party activists
930:
326:"Charity created by Liam Fox axed after watchdog issues criticism"
557:
2615:
2547:
2153:
1961:
1774:
1137:
992:
952:
450:"Meeting between Dr. Liam Fox MP and Attorney General Ashcroft"
267:"Atlantic Bridge collapse is a major blow to Neo-conservatives"
2787:
Political and economic think tanks based in the United
Kingdom
1942:
762:"1099513 – The Atlantic Bridge Research and Education Scheme"
127:
The
Atlantic Bridge was briefly a partnership program of the
63:(UK Executive Director) and Kara Watt (Operations Director).
2802:
Conservative political advocacy groups in the United
Kingdom
712:"Liam Fox – Sponsorship or financial or material support"
637:. The Atlantic bridge – via – Web archive. Archived from
809:"Wealthy donors 'paid for Werritty to advise Liam Fox'"
2655:
European Conservatives Group and Democratic Alliance
2173:
Organisations associated with the Conservative Party
861:"Liam Fox row 'distracting MoD staff', Tory MP says"
2663:
2626:
2502:
2218:
2182:
2164:
2125:
2109:
2093:
2062:
2046:
2023:
2007:
1972:
1724:
1417:
1312:
1215:
1148:
1019:
1003:
214:. The published report implicated a company named
2792:Defunct organisations based in the United Kingdom
2344:Conservative National Property Advisory Committee
611:– via – Web archive. October 2002. Archived from
160:Britain Israel Communications and Research Centre
17:The Atlantic Bridge Research and Education Scheme
19:was an educational charity founded in 1997 with
349:
347:
319:
317:
964:
290:
288:
146:Patrons of the Atlantic Bridge have included
8:
2812:2011 disestablishments in the United Kingdom
2698:European Conservatives and Reformists Group
2638:European Conservatives and Reformists Party
2354:Conservative Science & Technology Forum
2623:
2612:
2544:
2379:Conservative Workers & Trade Unionists
2161:
2150:
1969:
1958:
1771:
1145:
1134:
1000:
989:
971:
957:
949:
789:. Charity Commission for England and Wales
764:. Charity Commission for England and Wales
742:. Charity Commission for England and Wales
2807:1997 establishments in the United Kingdom
2094:Directly elected city mayoral authorities
35:of the United Kingdom. Cabinet ministers
1032:History of conservatism in Great Britain
359:Charity Commission for England and Wales
2782:Think tanks based in the United Kingdom
1732:Deputy Leader of the Conservative Party
258:
2817:United Kingdom–United States relations
2399:Conservatives for International Travel
2251:Conservative Animal Welfare Foundation
2374:Conservative Women National Committee
886:Sir Gus O'Donnell (18 October 2011).
835:"Liam Fox quits as defence secretary"
298:. The Atlantic Bridge. Archived from
238:and a pizza restaurant in Basildon."
129:American Legislative Exchange Council
7:
2797:Organizations disestablished in 2011
222:donors, including the mining tycoon
2286:Conservative Friends of the Chinese
1990:Treasurer of the Conservative Party
296:"The Atlantic Bridge Board Members"
2722:Ulster Conservatives and Unionists
2261:Conservative Co-operative Movement
1985:Conservative Campaign Headquarters
578:George Monbiot (2 February 2017).
96:and the presentation of awards to
14:
2389:Conservatives Against Fox Hunting
2319:Conservative Humanist Association
2304:Conservative Friends of Palestine
2290:Conservative Friends of Gibraltar
2256:Conservative Christian Fellowship
2210:Association of Conservative Clubs
2190:Conservative Women's Organisation
1027:History of the Conservative Party
476:"Giuliani lifts depressed Tories"
2756:
2746:
2349:Conservative Rural Affairs Group
2133:Conservative Party Review (2016)
2036:Conservative Chief Whip's Office
2015:National Conservative Convention
1999:Conservative Research Department
685:Simon Bowers (11 October 2011).
528:"Scientific Research Conference"
2822:Think tanks established in 1997
2599:Society of Conservative Lawyers
2281:Conservative Friends of America
981:Conservative and Unionist Party
324:Rupert Neate (5 October 2011).
230:and billionaire property mogul
2339:Conservative Education Society
2309:Conservative Friends of Turkey
2299:Conservative Friends of Israel
2266:Conservative Countryside Forum
2070:Northern Ireland Conservatives
933:official website (now offline)
361:. 26 July 2010. Archived from
226:, private investigations firm
194:Secretary of State for Defence
88:. This included meetings with
33:Secretary of State for Defence
1:
2685:European People's Party Group
2294:Conservative Friends of India
2271:Conservative Disability Group
2054:Conservative Party Conference
202:Werritty was investigated by
2710:Movement for European Reform
2644:International Democrat Union
2429:Margaret Thatcher Foundation
2364:Conservative Transport Group
2359:Conservative Trade Unionists
502:"Kissinger has come to town"
23:as its president to promote
2716:Alliance for an Open Europe
2692:European Conservative Group
2276:Conservative European Forum
1082:General election manifestos
158:, and Michael Lewis of the
2843:
2675:Conservative–DUP agreement
2314:Conservative History Group
2241:Blue Collar Conservativism
1011:Conservative Party Archive
133:Center for Security Policy
2763:United Kingdom portal
2743:
2633:List of current alliances
2622:
2611:
2579:Centre for Social Justice
2574:Centre for Policy Studies
2554:
2543:
2489:Young Britons' Foundation
2334:Conservative Muslim Forum
2160:
2149:
2117:Conservative Associations
1968:
1957:
1781:
1770:
1144:
1133:
1097:Irish Conservative Party
1067:Unionist Free Food League
999:
988:
428:Pittsburgh Tribune-Review
166:Charity Commission report
139:and representatives from
81:Pittsburgh Tribune-Review
2670:List of former alliances
2459:One Nation Conservatives
2369:Conservative Way Forward
2155:Associated organisations
1980:Conservative Party Board
890:(Report). Cabinet Office
123:Funding and partnerships
2753:Conservatism portal
2681:European People's Party
2648:European Democrat Union
2454:Northern Research Group
2419:European Research Group
2324:Conservative Mainstream
2085:Gibraltar Conservatives
1107:Scottish Unionist Party
78:In discussion with the
2384:Conservatives 4 Cities
2075:Scottish Conservatives
1117:National Liberal Party
1092:Liberal Unionist Party
605:"Ghostwriting the Law"
424:"Fox: Learn from Iraq"
2726:Ulster Unionist Party
2479:Tory Green Initiative
2394:Conservatives at Work
1112:National Party (1917)
204:senior civil servants
148:UK Conservative Party
2464:Popular Conservatism
2409:COVID Recovery Group
2200:Conservatives Abroad
2101:London Conservatives
1776:Leadership elections
1102:Irish Unionist Party
1077:Carlton Club meeting
1062:Tariff Reform League
115:and Peter Farrow of
111:, Timothy Morris of
86:foreign policy hawks
2584:European Foundation
2469:Renewing One Nation
2414:European Foundation
2329:Conservative Health
2236:The Atlantic Bridge
2205:LGBT+ Conservatives
2195:Young Conservatives
2080:Welsh Conservatives
1914:July–September 2022
1814:Thatcher re-elected
931:The Atlantic Bridge
482:. 20 September 2007
456:on 12 February 2005
365:on 2 September 2010
137:Heritage Foundation
70:the previous year.
2704:European Democrats
2246:Common Sense Group
1047:Tamworth Manifesto
641:on 18 October 2007
508:. 12 November 2009
236:Virginia Bottomley
68:Charity Commission
2827:Margaret Thatcher
2769:
2768:
2739:
2738:
2735:
2734:
2607:
2606:
2539:
2538:
2535:
2534:
2484:Tory Reform Group
2404:Cornerstone Group
2145:
2144:
2141:
2140:
1953:
1952:
1766:
1765:
1762:
1761:
1249:
1129:
1128:
1125:
1124:
1037:Electoral history
945:, 16 October 2011
867:. 11 October 2011
841:. 14 October 2011
815:. 13 October 2011
716:They Work For You
661:"Atlantic Bridge"
615:on 3 October 2002
430:. 25 October 2006
208:Cabinet Secretary
182:In October 2011,
21:Margaret Thatcher
2834:
2761:
2760:
2759:
2751:
2750:
2749:
2624:
2613:
2545:
2219:Factional groups
2183:Sectional groups
2162:
2151:
1970:
1959:
1836:Major re-elected
1772:
1421:
1420:Chairmen (1911–)
1316:
1265:
1250:
1244:
1219:
1218:House of Commons
1152:
1146:
1135:
1072:Coalition Coupon
1001:
990:
982:
973:
966:
959:
950:
939:, Jaime Doward,
919:
918:
906:
900:
899:
897:
895:
883:
877:
876:
874:
872:
857:
851:
850:
848:
846:
831:
825:
824:
822:
820:
805:
799:
798:
796:
794:
788:
780:
774:
773:
771:
769:
758:
752:
751:
749:
747:
741:
733:
727:
726:
724:
722:
708:
702:
701:
699:
697:
682:
676:
675:
673:
671:
657:
651:
650:
648:
646:
631:
625:
624:
622:
620:
601:
595:
594:
592:
590:
575:
569:
568:
566:
564:
550:
544:
543:
541:
539:
534:on 31 March 2005
524:
518:
517:
515:
513:
498:
492:
491:
489:
487:
480:ConservativeHome
472:
466:
465:
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420:
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409:
384:
378:
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351:
342:
341:
339:
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321:
312:
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309:
307:
292:
283:
282:
280:
278:
263:
232:Poju Zabludowicz
2842:
2841:
2837:
2836:
2835:
2833:
2832:
2831:
2772:
2771:
2770:
2765:
2757:
2755:
2747:
2745:
2731:
2718:
2712:
2706:
2700:
2694:
2688:
2677:
2671:
2659:
2651:
2640:
2634:
2618:
2617:Party alliances
2603:
2594:Policy Exchange
2550:
2531:
2498:
2449:No Turning Back
2214:
2178:
2156:
2137:
2121:
2105:
2089:
2058:
2042:
2019:
2003:
1964:
1963:Party structure
1949:
1777:
1758:
1720:
1419:
1413:
1315:Leaders (1922–)
1314:
1308:
1253:
1243:
1221:
1217:
1211:
1154:
1150:
1140:
1121:
1057:Primrose League
1015:
995:
984:
980:
977:
927:
922:
908:
907:
903:
893:
891:
885:
884:
880:
870:
868:
859:
858:
854:
844:
842:
833:
832:
828:
818:
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806:
802:
792:
790:
786:
782:
781:
777:
767:
765:
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759:
755:
745:
743:
739:
735:
734:
730:
720:
718:
710:
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705:
695:
693:
684:
683:
679:
669:
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659:
658:
654:
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618:
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603:
602:
598:
588:
586:
577:
576:
572:
562:
560:
552:
551:
547:
537:
535:
526:
525:
521:
511:
509:
500:
499:
495:
485:
483:
474:
473:
469:
459:
457:
448:
447:
443:
433:
431:
422:
421:
417:
407:
405:
387:Kenber, Billy.
386:
385:
381:
368:
366:
353:
352:
345:
335:
333:
323:
322:
315:
305:
303:
294:
293:
286:
276:
274:
273:. 2 August 2010
265:
264:
260:
256:
244:
180:
168:
141:Lehman Brothers
125:
113:GlaxoSmithKline
109:Galen Institute
102:Henry Kissinger
76:
12:
11:
5:
2840:
2838:
2830:
2829:
2824:
2819:
2814:
2809:
2804:
2799:
2794:
2789:
2784:
2774:
2773:
2767:
2766:
2744:
2741:
2740:
2737:
2736:
2733:
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2730:
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2719:
2713:
2707:
2701:
2695:
2689:
2678:
2672:
2667:
2665:
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2660:
2658:
2657:
2652:
2641:
2635:
2630:
2628:
2620:
2619:
2616:
2609:
2608:
2605:
2604:
2602:
2601:
2596:
2591:
2586:
2581:
2576:
2571:
2566:
2561:
2555:
2552:
2551:
2548:
2541:
2540:
2537:
2536:
2533:
2532:
2530:
2529:
2524:
2523:
2522:
2517:
2506:
2504:
2500:
2499:
2497:
2496:
2491:
2486:
2481:
2476:
2471:
2466:
2461:
2456:
2451:
2446:
2441:
2436:
2431:
2426:
2421:
2416:
2411:
2406:
2401:
2396:
2391:
2386:
2381:
2376:
2371:
2366:
2361:
2356:
2351:
2346:
2341:
2336:
2331:
2326:
2321:
2316:
2311:
2306:
2301:
2296:
2291:
2288:
2283:
2278:
2273:
2268:
2263:
2258:
2253:
2248:
2243:
2238:
2233:
2228:
2222:
2220:
2216:
2215:
2213:
2212:
2207:
2202:
2197:
2192:
2186:
2184:
2180:
2179:
2177:
2176:
2168:
2166:
2158:
2157:
2154:
2147:
2146:
2143:
2142:
2139:
2138:
2136:
2135:
2129:
2127:
2123:
2122:
2120:
2119:
2113:
2111:
2107:
2106:
2104:
2103:
2097:
2095:
2091:
2090:
2088:
2087:
2082:
2077:
2072:
2066:
2064:
2060:
2059:
2057:
2056:
2050:
2048:
2044:
2043:
2041:
2040:
2039:
2038:
2031:1922 Committee
2027:
2025:
2021:
2020:
2018:
2017:
2011:
2009:
2005:
2004:
2002:
2001:
1996:
1995:
1994:
1993:
1992:
1976:
1974:
1966:
1965:
1962:
1955:
1954:
1951:
1950:
1948:
1947:
1946:
1945:
1935:
1934:
1933:
1923:
1922:
1921:
1911:
1910:
1909:
1899:
1898:
1897:
1887:
1886:
1885:
1875:
1874:
1873:
1863:
1862:
1861:
1851:
1850:
1849:
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1087:Fourth Party
1052:Carlton Club
942:The Guardian
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892:. Retrieved
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871:27 September
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843:. Retrieved
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691:The Guardian
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609:Mother Jones
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37:Michael Gove
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2564:Bright Blue
2549:Think tanks
2510:List of MPs
2503:Politicians
2444:No Campaign
2434:Monday Club
2424:Fresh Start
2063:Subnational
1279:Hicks Beach
1248:(1848–1849)
1222:(1834–1922)
1155:(1828–1922)
768:14 November
746:14 November
721:14 November
645:14 November
619:14 November
563:14 November
538:14 November
512:14 November
486:14 November
460:14 November
434:14 November
369:14 November
306:14 November
277:14 November
248:Anglosphere
178:Controversy
25:Atlanticism
2776:Categories
2226:2020 group
2047:Conference
1687:Stephenson
1650:McLoughlin
1523:Carrington
1197:Devonshire
1172:Malmesbury
1162:Wellington
1139:Leadership
894:26 January
793:26 October
696:3 February
589:3 February
357:(Report).
271:LabourList
254:References
224:Mick Davis
74:Activities
2559:Bow Group
2520:2010–2015
2515:2005–2010
2008:Voluntary
1583:Parkinson
1578:Mawhinney
1538:Parkinson
1503:Blakenham
1349:Macmillan
1274:Northcote
1202:Lansdowne
1192:Salisbury
917:. London.
665:DeSmog UK
403:0140-0460
394:The Times
336:5 October
94:Karl Rove
31:, former
2439:92 Group
2231:Activate
1803:Thatcher
1742:Whitelaw
1737:Maudling
1725:See also
1660:Cleverly
1528:Whitelaw
1484:Hailsham
1469:Assheton
1444:Davidson
1364:Thatcher
1269:Disraeli
1255:Disraeli
1234:Bentinck
1182:Richmond
865:BBC News
839:BBC News
813:BBC News
670:11 March
408:11 March
332:. London
242:See also
197:Liam Fox
29:Liam Fox
2627:Current
1907:Johnson
1883:Cameron
1669:Milling
1645:Feldman
1640:Feldman
1631:Feldman
1622:Pickles
1617:Spelman
1607:Saatchi
1508:du Cann
1494:Macleod
1474:Woolton
1464:Dugdale
1459:Hacking
1439:Jackson
1434:Younger
1399:Johnson
1389:Cameron
1329:Baldwin
1294:Balfour
1263:Herries
994:History
376:Alt URL
216:IRG Ltd
206:led by
49:Jon Kyl
2664:Former
2589:Onward
2527:London
1871:Howard
1752:Ancram
1747:Lilley
1716:Fuller
1711:Holden
1701:Zahawi
1691:Elliot
1682:Elliot
1678:Dowden
1673:Elliot
1664:Elliot
1636:Shapps
1588:Ancram
1573:Hanley
1568:Fowler
1563:Patten
1553:Brooke
1548:Tebbit
1543:Gummer
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1513:Barber
1489:Butler
1384:Howard
1259:Granby
1246:vacant
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1207:Curzon
1177:Cairns
1042:Tories
1020:Topics
635:"News"
401:
220:Pargav
156:Pfizer
150:donor
135:, the
117:Pfizer
2126:Other
2110:Local
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1847:Hague
1825:Major
1791:Heath
1706:Hands
1696:Berry
1655:Lewis
1627:Warsi
1612:Maude
1593:Davis
1558:Baker
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1479:Poole
1454:Baird
1409:Sunak
1404:Truss
1374:Hague
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740:(PDF)
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1344:Eden
1229:Peel
896:2014
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847:2023
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795:2011
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698:2017
672:2021
647:2010
621:2010
591:2017
565:2010
558:ALEC
540:2010
514:2010
488:2010
462:2010
436:2010
410:2021
399:ISSN
371:2010
338:2011
308:2010
279:2010
210:Sir
192:and
100:and
92:and
55:and
43:and
1943:TBA
1895:May
1603:Fox
1598:May
1394:May
1324:Law
1299:Law
2778::
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