367:. Attached is a taunting note telling the British pilots that they will be safer on the ground. Brand warns his men that the boots are intended to incite inexperienced pilots into trying to retaliate. He forbids any take offs without orders. Courtney and Scott disregard the prohibition, taking off in the dawn mist after stealing the boots from Brand's room. They fly to von Richter's airfield, where the black-painted fighters are being readied for the day. Courtney and Scott bomb and strafe the field, destroying most of the German aircraft and shoot down two which try to take to the air. Courtney then drops the boots. Von Richter retrieves them and shakes his fist at the departing British. Courtney is shot down recrossing the lines, then rescued by Scott, whose aircraft is also hit by
378:". Brand takes cruel pleasure in naming Courtney to take command of 59 Squadron. Soon, Courtney is forced to acquire all the qualities he hated in Brand. When Scott's younger brother Donnie is posted as a replacement, Scott begs Courtney to give him a few days so that he can teach his brother the ropes. Courtney tells him there can be no exceptions. Unbeknownst to Scott, Courtney calls headquarters to plead for a few days of training for his replacements but is turned down. Von Richter shoots down Donnie in flames the next morning, for which Scott blames Courtney.
640:, stunt pilot who also recreated World War I aircraft for Hollywood films. Built by Claude Flagg, these "LF-1"s were constructed from Nieuport plans and had many characteristics of the actual aircraft, including upper wing fabric that ripped during dives. In Goulding's production, these aircraft also appear in a few scenes of Nieuports taking off, landing and taxiing. Additional Nieuport 28s were simulated by
382:
blows up the dump himself. Afterwards, von
Richter intercepts Courtney, who outflies and shoots down two of the Germans, including von Richter, but is killed by a third pilot. Command of the squadron devolves to Scott. He lines up the depleted squadron for orders just as five replacements arrive. He stoically tells A Flight to be ready for the dawn patrol.
332:) anxiously await the return of the dawn patrol. Brand is near his breaking point. He has lost 16 pilots in the previous two weeks, nearly all of them young replacements with little training and no combat experience. Brand is ordered to send up tomorrow what amounts to a suicide mission. Captain Courtney (
381:
Brand gives
Courtney orders for a very important mission. An aircraft must fly low and bomb a huge munitions dump 37 mi (60 km) behind the lines. Brand bans Courtney from flying the mission, so Scott disdainfully volunteers. They reconcile and Courtney gets his friend too drunk to fly, then
356:). Courtney overcomes his initial rage when Brand informs von Mueller that it was Courtney who shot him down and the German graciously acknowledges him. Courtney then offers the German a drink. The guilt-ridden Hollister tries to attack the prisoner, but is restrained. Then, a grimy Scotty appears.
347:
When Brand announces the next day's dawn patrol, Courtney tells Brand he does not have enough men. Brand retorts that more replacements are on the way. From the four green pilots, Courtney picks the two with the most flying hours to go on the mission. Only four return this time; Scott has been lost
751:
The pilots themselves frequently sing "Hurrah for the Next Man That Dies"—and teach it to their German guest—as a grimly sardonic defiance of death. The song was a popular World War I drinking song. The lyrics come from a much older poem written in the early 19th century, recording the bravado of
808:
echoed many of the critics' reactions: "Dawn Patrol sparkles because of vigorous performances of the entire cast and Edmund
Goulding's sharp direction. Story is reminiscent of previous yarns about the flying service at the front during the World War. Yet it is different in that it stresses the
564:
was an unusual experience for everyone connected with it, and dissipated for all time the legend that
Britishers are lacking in a sense of humor ... The picture was made to the accompaniment of more ribbing than Hollywood has ever witnessed. The setting for all this horseplay was the beautiful
710:
Counting the sounds of the motors of the returning aircraft to determine how many have died. In the final scenario, when Scott waits to hear
Courtney's motor in the dark, his initial joy that Courtney has returned is crushed by what is, in fact, an enemy plane flying overhead to drop his dead
655:
For scenes at the German airdrome in which aircraft were moved or had engines turning, Goulding used "Wichita
Fokkers" painted black with German markings. His "Pfalzes" had their wings painted in a large and striking red and white checkerboard pattern. Goulding also acquired two genuine
40:
690:" situations: a professional group of men who live by a code and face death with bravado and camaraderie; the responsibility of leadership in perilous situations; a preference for individual initiative over orders; suicidal missions; and the grandeur of aerial flight.
701:
uses four scene elements as visual motifs to describe a cyclical nature to war and a nightmarish quality in being in command. Each scene places the viewer in the commander's place, waiting with dread for the inevitable consequences. Nearly all action scenes in
541:
The film featured an entirely male cast, and all 12 credited roles of characters in the 59th
Squadron were filled by actors with British backgrounds. One of the many fellow Englishman actors cast by Goulding was his house-mate, Michael Brooke (the
722:
Assembling the pilots to issue the orders, with new men ushered into line just after their arrival. Brand, Courtney and Scott, all of whom would rather be flying the mission than ordering it, assume an identical stoicism as they undergo the
278:. Of the several films that Flynn and Rathbone appeared in together, it is the only one in which their characters are on the same side. Although sparring, as in their other roles, their characters are fast friends and comrades in danger.
718:
Arrival of replacements in time to enable the next mission but never with time to train them to protect themselves. The poignancy of their eager youthfulness is symbolized by their arrival in an open touring car in a seemingly endless
300:
also has a deeper and more timeless theme in the severe emotional scars suffered by military commander who must constantly order men to their deaths (not a single woman appears in the film). This theme underlies every scene in
660:
fighters for static closeup shots of parked fighters, with at least one repainted white in a later scene to "expand" their numbers. Actual
Nieuport 28s and Pfalz D.XIIs were used much later in the war than the 1915 setting of
714:
Receiving orders for the next mission by telephone, with the general's voice barely audible but impatient in tone. The apparent insanity of the orders is emphasized by the callous implacability of the distant, detached
631:
Director
Goulding used much of the footage from the earlier film in the remake to save production costs. For new closeups of aircraft with his own actors, he acquired three Nieuport 28 replicas from Garland Lincoln, a
764:
and W.F. Thompson, but
Thompson's work appears in a volume of poetry published in Calcutta in 1835., when Dowling was 12 years old. Dowling died in 1863, 51 years before this poem was attributed to him in
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was well received by audiences and critics. The film was one of Warner Bros. most popular movies of 1939. According to Warner Bros. records, it earned $ 1,313,000 domestically and $ 872,000 foreign.
565:
English manners of the cutterups. The expressions of polite and pained shock on the faces of Niven, Flynn, Rathbone et al., when (women) visitors were embarrassed was the best part of the nonsense.
821:
on DVD. Special features include Warner Night at the movies 1938: Vintage Newsreel, musical shorts "The Prisoner of Swing" and "Romance Road". Also included is the vintage Looney Tunes cartoon
340:) return but two of the replacements are not so lucky and another, Hollister, is severely depressed by having witnessed the death of his best friend. The survivors repair to the bar in their
939:
Warner Bros financial information in The William Schaefer Ledger. See Appendix 1, Historical Journal of Film, Radio and Television, (1995) 15:sup1, 1-31 p 19 DOI: 10.1080/01439689508604551
538:, which he also wanted Goulding to direct. Although Goulding detested remakes, he had successfully filmed a remake of one of his own films as his first Warner Brothers project and agreed.
495:, although following the original closely and crediting original co-writer Dan Totheroh, primarily rewrote dialogue to incorporate the characters played by Flynn, Rathbone and Niven.
686:
The original script developed for Howard Hawks, which Edmund Goulding followed closely, stressed thematic elements that came to be associated with the "Hawksian world" of "
865:"John Rodion" was Basil Rathbone's son, Rodion Rathbone, whose small, uncredited speaking role is spokesman for the first group of doomed replacements he sends out to die.
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in scenes in which the pilots drink to drown their sorrows. Tellingly, "Poor Butterfly" begins in the background just as Scotty greets the arrival of his younger brother.
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unreasonableness of the 'brass hats' - the commanders seated miles from the front who dispatched the 59th Squadron to certain death in carrying out combat assignments."
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boisterously singing "Plum and Apple" with their enlisted driver. This was an enlisted men's/other ranks' ditty about the class distinctions of rations at the front.
348:
along with the two new men. Courtney tells a sympathetic Brand that Scott went down saving Hollister. Just then, British troops bring in the German who downed Scott,
644:, and two were used in the flying scene in which Courtney and Scott attack the German airdrome. 59th Squadron's aircraft were marked in standard RFC camouflage and
292:: white scarves, hard-drinking fatalism by doomed pilots, chivalry in the air between combatants, the short life expectancy of new pilots, and the legend of the "
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Some of the aerial footage from both the 1930 and 1938 film was reused (specifically Flynn's doomed solo bombing mission) in the beginning sequences of Warner's
665:, while the model 28 Nieuport was not used by the RFC at all, but their familiarity of appearance to American audiences gave a verisimilitude to both films.
1973:
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cut away before the conclusion is played out to heighten the sense of dread. Each scene's recurrence has differences that accentuate those consequences:
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Principal photography began on August 6, 1938, and ended six weeks later on September 15. Airfield exteriors were shot at the Warner Brothers Ranch near
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C biplanes for German aircraft destroyed in crashes. The scene in which Scott takes off with Courtney clinging to the wing switches to a shot of a
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Brand's outrage at their disobedience dissipates when headquarters congratulates him for the success of the attack and promotes him "up to
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In addition, the flyers' carousing nature is emphasized in one scene with music. After Scott's return, he and Courtney drive off in a
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Kennedy states filming began July 18 and ended two months later, indicating that exterior shooting may have begun August 6.
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engine to resemble the Nieuports. Stunt pilots included Leo Nomis, Rupert Symes Macalister, Frank Tomick and Roy Wilson.
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This aviation site section has a publicity photo on its front page of Niven, Flynn, and Rathbone as their characters in
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740:, but uses several songs to set moods. Although not published until 1916 and therefore an anachronism, the melancholy "
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for drinks and fatalistic revelry. Courtney does his best to console Hollister but the youngster breaks down in grief.
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assembled a variety of aircraft in a film squadron to shoot additional flying scenes for the original version of
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Leo Nomis was a movie stunt pilot who was killed in February 1932 in an aircraft crash while filming a scene in
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There is no explanation for the marking, but it possibly indicates that the aircraft were to be identified as
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in a memo dated April 30, 1938, to financially exploit public awareness of impending war brought on by the
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the month before. Goulding was available to direct after being taken off the filming of
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is notable for its lack of background music. The 1938 remake not only added a score by
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for shots of entire squadrons, some of which were blown up in explosions, and
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Everyone remembered a set filled with fraternal good cheer ... The filming of
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assignment to keep him interested while he completed preparations for filming
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Each arrival of new replacements is announced by their cheerful singing of "
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B Flight is mauled next. Just after its wounded leader, Captain Squires (
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as Second Lieutenant Donnie Scott, Captain Scott's younger brother
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as Lieutenant / Captain "Scotty" Scott, also known as "Scott-O"
243:. Both were based on the short story "The Flight Commander" by
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painted on each side of the fuselage just behind the cockpit.
520:. Warner had hired Goulding in 1937 on a per-film basis after
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With another world war threatening, the pacifistic script of
1383:, Madison, Wisconsin: University of Wisconsin Press, 2004.
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as the primary aircraft type for the British squadron, and
336:), leader of A Flight, and his good friend "Scotty" Scott (
1381:
Edmund Goulding's Dark Victory: Hollywood's Bad Boy Genius
852:. He was "aeronautical supervisor" in the 1930 version of
1426:
Mud and Stars: An Anthology of World War Songs and Poetry
760:. The poem has been attributed to two different authors,
1005:"Gallantry, glory & waste: war movies of the 1930s."
921:
Glancy, H. Mark. "Warner Bros film grosses, 1921–51."
413:
as Lieutenant Phipps, adjutant and artillery observer
1817:
1542:
1428:. London: Stewart Press, 2007, First edition 1931.
987:"The Films of Errol Flynn: Part 2 The Golden Years"
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as Major Brand's orderly (credited as Sidney Bracy)
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1010:, Volume 12, June 2004. Retrieved: April 1, 2009.
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923:Historical Journal of Film, Radio and Television
597:(reconfigured for films and popularly known as "
328:), the squadron leader and his adjutant Phipps (
498:The proposal for the remake came from producer
431:as Hauptmann Von Mueller, captured German flyer
473:John Rodion as Lieutenant Russell (uncredited)
1519:
8:
1037:The Great War in Hollywood Memory, 1918-1939
874:The film remake that Goulding undertook was
1413:. Lanham, Maryland: Scarecrow Press, 1985.
970:"John Monk Saunders: Something in the Air."
434:Peter Willes as Second Lieutenant Hollister
288:aviation experience that have since become
1526:
1512:
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1265:"The Dawn Patrol a.k.a. Flight Commander."
1089:Basil Rathbone: Master of Stage and Screen
38:
29:
1494:Aerofiles Aviation in Film and Television
935:
933:
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817:On March 27, 2007, Warner Bros. released
778:", demonstrating their callow eagerness.
776:Pack Up Your Troubles in Your Old Kit-Bag
768:A Collection of Verse by California Poets
284:s story romanticizes many aspects of the
1396:Howard Hawks: The Gray Fox of Hollywood
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1173:"Film Details: The Dawn Patrol (1938)".
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674:, a 1940 World War I spy film starring
1280:"The Dawn Patrol (1938) - Soundtrack."
528:in a sex scandal, and offered him the
487:was reprised by original screenwriter
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752:British soldiers struck down by the
985:Vagg, Stephen (November 10, 2019).
401:as Major / Lieutenant-Colonel Brand
395:as Captain / Major "Court" Courtney
1034:Hammond, Michael (December 2019).
470:Leo Nomis as aeronautic supervisor
14:
1974:Films directed by Edmund Goulding
1076:, 2009. Retrieved: April 2, 2009.
975:, 2004. Retrieved: April 2, 2009.
1949:Anti-war films about World War I
1219:"Le Wichita Fokker" (in French).
954:"Notes: The Dawn Patrol (1938)."
1791:Down Among the Sheltering Palms
1398:. New York: Grove Press, 2000.
1954:American black-and-white films
1222:Aeromovies - films d'aviation.
483:The screenplay from the first
1:
1350:. 3 January 1940. p. 28.
711:comrade's goggles and helmet.
1969:Films based on short fiction
1959:1930s English-language films
1488:AFI Catalog of Feature Films
959:. Retrieved: October 5, 2022
549:The Adventures of Robin Hood
508:German annexation of Austria
313:In 1915, at the airfield in
16:1938 film by Edmund Goulding
1964:Films scored by Max Steiner
1333:. Retrieved: April 1, 2009.
1285:Retrieved: March 31, 2009.
1270:. Retrieved: April 1, 2009.
1246:. Retrieved: April 1, 2009.
1209:. Retrieved: April 1, 2009.
1178:Retrieved: October 5, 2022.
1106:. Retrieved: April 2, 2009.
1091:. Retrieved: April 2, 2009.
241:1930 film of the same title
169:December 24, 1938
21:The Dawn Patrol (1930 film)
2010:
1984:World War I aviation films
1361:"Review: The Dawn Patrol".
1142:Kennedy 2004, pp. 174–175.
18:
1939:Remakes of American films
1224:Retrieved: April 1, 2009.
1207:FlyWithTheBarnstormer.com
1086:"The Dawn Patrol - 1938."
552:. Goulding's biographer
37:
1944:American war drama films
1344:"1939 Hollywood Toppers"
1187:Pendo 1985, p. 108.
642:Thomas-Morse S-4C Scouts
19:Not to be confused with
1296:"Indian Revelry (1835)"
1255:McCarthhy 2000, p. 116.
618:Travel Air 4U Speedwing
25:Dawn Patrol (2014 film)
1631:Blondie of the Follies
1411:Aviation in the Cinema
1176:Turner Classic Movies.
567:
455:Stuart Hall as Bentham
254:The film, directed by
1934:1930s war drama films
1615:Reaching for the Moon
1559:Sally, Irene and Mary
1241:"Aviation Films - D."
1163:Kennedy 2004, p. 177.
1151:Kennedy 2004, p. 164.
1133:Kennedy 2004, p. 163.
1124:Kennedy 2004, p. 173.
1115:Kennedy 2004, p. 174.
1024:Kennedy 2004, p. 175.
957:Turner Classic Movies
902:, which the RFC used.
589:. Hawks used rebuilt
571:Calabasas, California
558:
1994:1930s American films
1366:, December 31, 1937.
732:The 1930 version of
671:British Intelligence
620:fitted with a round
98:(associate producer)
93:(executive producer)
88:(executive producer)
1607:The Devil's Holiday
1599:Paramount on Parade
1575:Women Love Diamonds
762:Bartholomew Dowling
544:7th Earl of Warwick
524:had fired him from
419:as Sergeant Watkins
232:is a 1938 American
1979:Warner Bros. films
1783:We're Not Married!
1727:The Constant Nymph
1703:'Til We Meet Again
1655:That Certain Woman
1454:TCM Movie Database
1379:Kennedy, Matthew.
1328:"Seton I. Miller."
1318:York 2007, p. 234.
1202:2009-04-22 at the
1071:"The Dawn Patrol."
877:That Certain Woman
369:anti-aircraft fire
322:Royal Flying Corps
274:fighter pilots in
272:Royal Flying Corps
245:John Monk Saunders
236:, a remake of the
67:John Monk Saunders
1916:
1915:
1826:The Perfect Lover
1767:Everybody Does It
1719:Forever and a Day
1394:McCarthhy, Todd.
1331:filmreference.com
973:Skeins of Thought
744:" is played on a
646:national insignia
225:
224:
46:Theatrical Poster
2001:
1989:1938 drama films
1890:The Bright Shawl
1751:The Razor's Edge
1743:Of Human Bondage
1695:We Are Not Alone
1647:The Flame Within
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1303:. Retrieved
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1197:"The Plane."
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533:
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516:in favor of
511:
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489:Seton Miller
484:
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438:Morton Lowry
411:Donald Crisp
380:
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365:trench boots
358:
346:
330:Donald Crisp
312:
302:
297:
296:". However,
281:
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253:
228:
227:
226:
185:Running time
162:Release date
155:Warner Bros.
135:Ralph Dawson
76:Dan Totheroh
1818:Screenplays
1623:Grand Hotel
738:Max Steiner
658:Pfalz D.XII
562:Dawn Patrol
530:Dawn Patrol
526:MGM Studios
485:Dawn Patrol
461:as mechanic
452:as Flaherty
450:James Burke
429:Carl Esmond
405:David Niven
393:Errol Flynn
354:Carl Esmond
338:David Niven
334:Errol Flynn
319:59 Squadron
286:World War I
276:World War I
268:David Niven
260:Errol Flynn
221:$ 2,185,000
189:103 minutes
145:Max Steiner
125:Tony Gaudio
115:David Niven
107:Errol Flynn
96:Robert Lord
82:Produced by
53:Directed by
1929:1938 films
1923:Categories
1898:Tiger Rose
1807:Mardi Gras
1775:Mister 880
1305:2020-12-04
831:References
813:Home media
783:motorcycle
746:gramophone
638:California
500:Hal Wallis
479:Production
446:as Squires
218:Box office
173:1938-12-24
63:Written by
1882:Jazzmania
1834:The Devil
1534:Films by
910:Citations
792:Reception
624:over its
350:Hauptmann
294:Red Baron
213:$ 500,000
131:Edited by
1543:Directed
1476:AllMovie
1200:Archived
771:(1914).
634:Van Nuys
610:Waterman
577:Aircraft
258:, stars
238:pre-Code
234:war film
202:Language
141:Music by
103:Starring
44:1938 US
1735:Claudia
1639:Riptide
1485:at the
1452:at the
1364:Variety
1348:Variety
991:Filmink
805:Variety
786:sidecar
723:ordeal.
719:parade.
602:Fokkers
599:Wichita
556:wrote:
513:Jezebel
425:as Bott
290:clichés
205:English
194:Country
171: (
69:(story)
1909:(1924)
1901:(1923)
1893:(1923)
1885:(1923)
1877:(1923)
1869:(1923)
1861:(1922)
1853:(1922)
1845:(1921)
1837:(1921)
1829:(1919)
1810:(1958)
1802:(1956)
1794:(1953)
1786:(1952)
1778:(1950)
1770:(1949)
1762:(1947)
1754:(1946)
1746:(1946)
1738:(1943)
1730:(1943)
1722:(1943)
1714:(1941)
1706:(1940)
1698:(1939)
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1666:(1938)
1658:(1937)
1650:(1935)
1642:(1934)
1634:(1932)
1626:(1932)
1618:(1930)
1610:(1930)
1602:(1930)
1594:(1929)
1586:(1927)
1578:(1927)
1570:(1926)
1562:(1926)
1554:(1925)
1551:Sun-Up
1432:
1417:
1402:
1387:
1044:
754:plague
650:Hornet
614:Boeing
315:France
210:Budget
1567:Paris
1283:IMDb.
836:Notes
758:India
728:Music
682:Theme
626:Comet
1866:Fury
1583:Love
1465:IMDb
1430:ISBN
1415:ISBN
1400:ISBN
1385:ISBN
1104:IMDb
1042:ISBN
622:cowl
386:Cast
376:Wing
342:mess
309:Plot
266:and
1474:at
1463:at
756:in
502:to
317:of
270:as
23:or
1925::
1346:.
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1229:^
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1056:^
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989:.
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251:.
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1513:v
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993:.
880:.
612:-
175:)
27:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
