196:
Lords, while I have sense and memory, I will never consent to deprive the royal offspring of the House of
Brunswick, the heirs of the Princess Sophia, of their fairest inheritance. Where is the man that will dare to advise such a measure? My Lords, his Majesty succeeded to an empire as great in extent as its reputation was unsullied. Shall we tarnish the lustre of this nation by an ignominious surrender of its rights and fairest possessions? Shall this great kingdom, that has survived, whole and entire, the Danish depredations, the Scottish inroads, and the Norman conquest; that has stood the threatened invasion of the Spanish Armada, now fall prostrate before the House of Bourbon? Surely, my Lords, this nation is no longer what it was! Shall a people, that seventeen years ago was the terror of the world, now stoop so low as to tell its ancient inveterate enemy, take all we have, only give us peace? It is impossible! ...My Lords, any state is better than despair. Let us at least make one effort; and if we must fall, let us fall like men!
38:
182:...pale and emaciated. Within his large wig little more was to be seen than his aquiline nose, and his penetrating eye. He looked more like a dying man; yet never was seen a figure of more dignity; he appeared like a being of a superior species. Sensing the historic nature of the occasion, all the peers rose in their places.
155:
am willing to hope that differences of opinion were more apparent than real, and arose only from want of opportunities to communicate and to explain." Chatham replied in third person: "It is an unspeakable concern to him, to find himself under so wide a difference with the Duke of
Richmond, as between the
154:
proposed in the Lords to withdraw all
British troops from America. This was defeated by 56 votes to 28. On 5 April he sent Chatham a draft of the Address in which he argued for "entreating his Majesty to dismiss his Ministers, and withdraw his forces, by sea and land, from the revolted provinces...I
195:
My Lords, I rejoice that the grave has not closed upon me; that I am still alive to lift up my voice against the dismemberment of this ancient and most noble monarchy! Pressed down as I am by the hand of infirmity, I am little able to assist my country in this most perilous conjuncture; but, my
190:
then spoke for the government. Chatham then rose in his place: "He took one hand from his crutch and raised it, casting his eyes towards heaven...He appeared to be extremely feeble and spoke with that difficulty of utterance which is the characteristic of severe indisposition". Chatham said:
529:
147:(1757–1763), in which Britain won supremacy in America. Although sympathetic to American grievances and against the use of force to subdue the Americans, he was opposed to American independence.
637:
166:
Chatham was determined to answer
Richmond's motion and so on 7 April he went to the House of Lords, swathed in flannels, supported by crutches and leaning on the arm of his 18-year-old son
387:
The
Speeches of the Right Honourable the Earl of Chatham in the Houses of Lords and Commons: With a Biographical Memoir and Introductions and Explanatory Notes to the Speeches
347:
The
Speeches of the Right Honourable the Earl of Chatham in the Houses of Lords and Commons: With a Biographical Memoir and Introductions and Explanatory Notes to the Speeches
208:
and other peers, along with
Chatham's younger son James Pitt, hastened to assist Chatham. Chatham was then "removed into the Prince's Chamber, and the medical assistance of
425:
201:
622:
652:
513:
20:
186:
Richmond in his speech said that as the
Americans could not be defeated they were independent already and that recognising this fact was common sense.
632:
270:
Copley rented out a private room to exhibit the painting, charging for admission. He also made money from the painting from prints of it, marketed by
205:
449:
259:
175:
151:
227:
Technically the title is a misnomer as his death did not take place until 34 days after the collapse portrayed and at home away from the
418:
187:
37:
113:
82:
588:
560:
642:
411:
171:
647:
457:
121:
521:
537:
244:
167:
627:
594:
465:
489:
200:
After delivering this speech
Chatham suddenly pressed his hand to his heart and fell back in a swoon. The
481:
434:
228:
132:
109:
48:
497:
567:
144:
252:
251:
resting upon commercial expansion via the sea and his collapsing beneath the depiction of one of
209:
124:. Chatham is surrounded by peers of the realm, and the painting contains fifty-five portraits.
212:, who happened to be in the House, was instantly procured". He was then carried to a house at
128:
473:
572:
248:
240:
217:
213:
117:
616:
555:
600:
271:
163:
of
America, that he despairs of bringing about successfully any honourable issue".
101:
74:
228.5 cm × 307.5 cm (90.0 in × 121.1 in)
400:, Oxford University Press, 2004; online edn, Jan 2008, accessed 1 Sept 2011.
393:
301:, Oxford University Press, 2004; online edn, Jan 2008, accessed 1 Sept 2011.
294:
239:
Copley positions Chatham beneath the tapestries depicting the defeat of the
127:
Copley's painting also serves as a visual record of the appearance of the
403:
105:
530:
The Defeat of the Floating Batteries at Gibraltar, September 1782
221:
86:
407:
143:
Lord Chatham was the architect of the British victory in the
255:'s greatest naval victories are connected and symbolic.
19:
This article is about the painting. For the event, see
262:, one of Chatham's enemies, seated in indifference.
581:
548:
441:
78:
70:
62:
54:
44:
30:
638:Paintings in the National Portrait Gallery, London
373:William Pitt, Earl of Chatham. The Great Commoner
349:(London: Aylott & Jones, 1848), pp. xv–xvi.
332:
330:
328:
419:
309:
307:
8:
514:The Death of Major Peirson, 6 January 1781
426:
412:
404:
247:. Chatham's vision of the strength of the
224:. Chatham, aged 69, died there on 11 May.
27:
21:Death of William Pitt, 1st Earl of Chatham
375:(London: George Allen & Unwin, 1978).
116:on 7 April 1778, during a debate in the
398:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
299:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
283:
216:and later that day back to his home at
450:Portrait of Mrs. Theodore Atkinson Jr.
289:
287:
16:1781 painting by John Singleton Copley
7:
394:Copley, John Singleton (1738–1815)
295:Copley, John Singleton (1738–1815)
389:(London: Aylott & Jones, 1848).
131:, which were destroyed in the 1834
623:Paintings by John Singleton Copley
382:(London: Merrell Holberton, 1995).
14:
653:William Pitt, 1st Earl of Chatham
114:William Pitt, 1st Earl of Chatham
633:Collection of the Tate galleries
589:John Copley, 1st Baron Lyndhurst
506:The Death of the Earl of Chatham
380:John Singleton Copley in England
97:The Death of the Earl of Chatham
36:
31:The Death of the Earl of Chatham
1:
112:. It depicts the collapse of
458:A Boy with a Flying Squirrel
122:American War of Independence
669:
522:Portrait of Lord Mansfield
18:
178:, describing Chatham as:
83:National Portrait Gallery
35:
538:The Battle of Camperdown
245:Hendrick Cornelisz Vroom
168:William Pitt the Younger
466:Portrait of Thomas Gage
100:is the title of a 1781
490:Dr. Silvester Gardiner
198:
184:
108:-born American artist
102:oil-on-canvas painting
643:Paintings about death
482:Mrs Humphrey Devereux
435:John Singleton Copley
371:Peter Douglas Brown,
229:Palace of Westminster
193:
180:
150:On 23 March 1778 the
133:Burning of Parliament
110:John Singleton Copley
49:John Singleton Copley
498:Watson and the Shark
85:(by courtesy of the
648:Paintings of people
568:Copley Square Hotel
378:Emily Ballew Neff,
358:Brown, pp. 392–393.
322:Brown, pp. 391–392.
258:Copley also shows
202:Duke of Cumberland
610:
609:
129:Armada tapestries
93:
92:
660:
474:Mrs. Thomas Gage
428:
421:
414:
405:
359:
356:
350:
343:
337:
334:
323:
320:
314:
311:
302:
291:
152:Duke of Richmond
145:Seven Years' War
40:
28:
668:
667:
663:
662:
661:
659:
658:
657:
613:
612:
611:
606:
577:
544:
437:
432:
368:
363:
362:
357:
353:
344:
340:
335:
326:
321:
317:
312:
305:
292:
285:
280:
268:
237:
141:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
666:
664:
656:
655:
650:
645:
640:
635:
630:
628:1781 paintings
625:
615:
614:
608:
607:
605:
604:
598:
597:(half-brother)
592:
585:
583:
579:
578:
576:
575:
573:Mercury crater
570:
565:
564:
563:
552:
550:
546:
545:
543:
542:
534:
526:
518:
510:
502:
494:
486:
478:
470:
462:
454:
445:
443:
439:
438:
433:
431:
430:
423:
416:
408:
402:
401:
392:Paul Staiti, ‘
390:
385:William Pitt,
383:
376:
367:
364:
361:
360:
351:
345:William Pitt,
338:
336:Brown, p. 392.
324:
315:
303:
293:Paul Staiti, ‘
282:
281:
279:
276:
267:
264:
260:Lord Mansfield
249:British Empire
241:Spanish Armada
236:
233:
214:Downing Street
210:Dr. Brocklesby
140:
137:
118:House of Lords
91:
90:
80:
76:
75:
72:
68:
67:
64:
60:
59:
56:
52:
51:
46:
42:
41:
33:
32:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
665:
654:
651:
649:
646:
644:
641:
639:
636:
634:
631:
629:
626:
624:
621:
620:
618:
602:
599:
596:
593:
590:
587:
586:
584:
580:
574:
571:
569:
566:
562:
559:
558:
557:
556:Copley Square
554:
553:
551:
547:
540:
539:
535:
532:
531:
527:
524:
523:
519:
516:
515:
511:
508:
507:
503:
500:
499:
495:
492:
491:
487:
484:
483:
479:
476:
475:
471:
468:
467:
463:
460:
459:
455:
452:
451:
447:
446:
444:
440:
436:
429:
424:
422:
417:
415:
410:
409:
406:
399:
395:
391:
388:
384:
381:
377:
374:
370:
369:
365:
355:
352:
348:
342:
339:
333:
331:
329:
325:
319:
316:
310:
308:
304:
300:
296:
290:
288:
284:
277:
275:
273:
265:
263:
261:
256:
254:
250:
246:
242:
234:
232:
230:
225:
223:
219:
215:
211:
207:
203:
197:
192:
189:
188:Lord Weymouth
183:
179:
177:
173:
169:
164:
162:
158:
153:
148:
146:
138:
136:
134:
130:
125:
123:
119:
115:
111:
107:
103:
99:
98:
88:
84:
81:
77:
73:
69:
66:Oil on canvas
65:
61:
57:
53:
50:
47:
43:
39:
34:
29:
26:
22:
603:(stepfather)
601:Peter Pelham
595:Henry Pelham
536:
528:
520:
512:
505:
504:
501:(1778, 1782)
496:
488:
480:
472:
464:
456:
448:
397:
386:
379:
372:
354:
346:
341:
318:
313:Neff, p. 36.
298:
272:John Boydell
269:
257:
238:
226:
199:
194:
185:
181:
176:Lord Grafton
165:
160:
156:
149:
142:
126:
96:
95:
94:
25:
206:Lord Temple
172:Lord Camden
157:sovereignty
617:Categories
366:References
161:allegiance
139:Background
71:Dimensions
453:(c. 1765)
442:Paintings
266:Reception
174:wrote to
89:), London
243:made by
235:Painting
79:Location
582:Related
253:England
120:on the
561:statue
549:Legacy
541:(1799)
533:(1791)
525:(1783)
517:(1783)
509:(1781)
493:(1772)
485:(1771)
477:(1771)
469:(1768)
461:(1765)
106:Boston
63:Medium
45:Artist
591:(son)
278:Notes
218:Hayes
222:Kent
159:and
87:Tate
58:1781
55:Year
396:’,
297:’,
104:by
619::
327:^
306:^
286:^
274:.
231:.
220:,
204:,
170:.
135:.
427:e
420:t
413:v
23:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
