401:
358:, the other two books neglect global analysis and cover in great detail perturbations. He believed Hawking and Ellis did a great job summarizing recent developments in the field (as of 1974) and that the intended audience is a doctoral student (or higher) with a strong mathematical background and prior exposure to general relativity. He argued that the core of the books consists of two chapters, Chapter 4 on the significance of spacetime curvature and Chapter 6 on causal structure, and that the most interesting application is the penultimate chapter on black holes. He noted that mathematical arguments are at times difficult to follow and suggested
332:
their physical meaning are explored. In particular, Hawking and Ellis show that singularities and black holes arise in a large class of plausible solutions. He warned that although this book is self-contained, it is more suitable for specialists rather than new students as it is heavy-going and contains no exercises. He noted that despite the authors' attempt at a rigorous treatment, certain technical terms, such as Lie groups, are used but never explained, and that modern coordinate-free methods are introduced, but not used effectively.
387:
27:
331:
at the
University of Oxford considered this book to be an authoritative treatise that could become a classic. He observed that the authors begin with axioms of geometry and physics then derive the consequences in a rigorous fashion. Various well-known exact solutions to Einstein's field equations and
374:
of
Princeton University recommended this book to anyone interested in the implications of general relativity for cosmology, the singularity theorems, and the physics of black holes, presented in an almost Euclidean fashion, though he acknowledged that this is not a textbook due to its lack of
366:
for reference. He also noticed a small number of errors, though none affect the general conclusions drawn by the authors. He thought that this book is a "model" presentation on the interplay between mathematics and physics that could become highly influential in the future.
353:
by
Charles Misner, Kip Thorne, and John Archibald Wheeler. He believed these three books can supplement each other and lead students to the forefront of research. Whereas Hawking and Ellis employ global analysis extensively but say relatively little about
173:
In the mid-1970s, advances in the technologies of astronomical observations – radio, infrared, and X-ray astronomy – opened up the
Universe of exploration. New tools became necessary. In this book, Hawking and Ellis attempt to establish the
190:. Whereas the tools for studying Euclidean geometry were a straightedge and a compass, those needed to investigate curved spacetime are test particles and light rays. According to the mathematical physicist
230:
The book, now considered a classic, has also appeared in paperback format and has been reprinted many times. A fiftieth anniversary edition was published by
Cambridge University Press in February 2023.
1134:
858:
1195:
826:
611:
771:
1180:
713:
781:
1185:
1056:
1072:
917:
400:
1040:
587:
507:
482:
265:
1170:
1144:
1080:
1020:
195:
1129:
890:
306:
132:
1175:
850:
447:
925:
882:
751:
1190:
1165:
941:
1139:
996:
526:
Wheeler, John A. (March–April 1975). "The Large Scale
Structure of Space–Time by S. W. Hawking and G. F. R.Ellis". Review.
1048:
706:
834:
435:
761:
756:
1200:
842:
78:
766:
1088:
741:
554:
183:
776:
949:
866:
699:
26:
933:
874:
818:
219:
214:
371:
287:
898:
250:
203:
474:
The Future of
Theoretical Physics and Cosmology: Celebrating Stephen Hawking's Contributions to Physics
661:
300:
1012:
1004:
355:
187:
150:
677:
605:
535:
414:
349:
328:
179:
162:
44:
1064:
736:
593:
583:
503:
478:
472:
443:
127:
582:. George F. R. Ellis, Abhay Ashtekar (50th anniversary ed.). Cambridge, United Kingdom.
974:
746:
669:
634:
271:
178:
foundation for the geometry of four-dimensional spacetime as described by Albert
Einstein's
722:
431:
336:
158:
40:
665:
786:
406:
277:
1159:
681:
638:
363:
386:
1112:
1106:
392:
191:
597:
382:
291:
165:. It is intended for specialists in general relativity rather than newcomers.
259:
154:
111:
107:
577:
202:
was "the first book to provide a detailed description of the revolutionary
146:
539:
652:
Sachs, Rainer (April 1974). "The Large Scale
Structure of Space–Time".
625:
Woodhouse, Nicholas (1974). "The Large Scale
Structure of Space–Time".
244:
210:
673:
471:
Gibbons, G. W.; Shellard, E. P. S.; Rankin, S. J. (23 October 2003).
691:
175:
375:
examples and exercises. He praised its 62 illustrative diagrams.
695:
557:. Department of Physics, University of California, Riverside
534:(2). Sigma Xi, The Scientific Research Honor Society: 218.
339:
from the University of California, Berkeley, observed that
206:
introduced by Penrose and Hawking in the early seventies."
227:
as "highly technical" and unreadable for the layperson.
1122:
1099:
1032:
989:
966:
909:
802:
795:
729:
209:Hawking co-wrote the book with Ellis, while he was
126:
118:
102:
94:
84:
74:
66:
58:
50:
36:
360:Techniques of Differential Topology in Relativity
827:Black Holes and Baby Universes and Other Essays
305:Appendix B: Spherically Symmetric Solutions of
707:
16:1973 book by S. W. Hawking and G. F. R. Ellis
8:
182:and to derive its physical consequences for
19:
553:Baez, John; Hillman, Chris (October 1998).
477:. Cambridge University Press. p. 177.
296:10. The Initial Singularity of the Universe
799:
714:
700:
692:
660:(4). American Institute of Physics: 91–3.
610:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
25:
18:
343:was published within just a few years as
20:The Large Scale Structure of Space–Time
1196:Physics education in the United Kingdom
1057:Stephen Hawking: Master of the Universe
811:The Large Scale Structure of Space–Time
579:The large scale structure of space-time
463:
440:The Large Scale Structure of Space–Time
341:The Large-Scale Structure of Space–Time
299:Appendix A: Translation of An Essay by
225:The Large Scale Structure of Space–Time
200:The Large Scale Structure of Space–Time
142:The Large Scale Structure of Space–Time
1073:Into the Universe with Stephen Hawking
603:
1041:God, the Universe and Everything Else
498:McEvoy, J. P.; Zarate, Oscar (1995).
7:
1081:Brave New World with Stephen Hawking
782:Penrose–Hawking singularity theorems
521:
519:
918:George's Secret Key to the Universe
415:List of books on general relativity
196:University of California, Riverside
891:Brief Answers to the Big Questions
772:Gibbons–Hawking–York boundary term
14:
1181:Cambridge University Press books
883:The Dreams That Stuff Is Made Of
752:Chronology protection conjecture
399:
385:
258:4. The Physical Significance of
1186:Collaborative non-fiction books
942:George and the Unbreakable Code
329:Nicholas Michael John Woodhouse
1140:Black hole information paradox
442:. Cambridge University Press.
1:
926:George's Cosmic Treasure Hunt
835:The Nature of Space and Time
180:general theory of relativity
1171:Books by George F. R. Ellis
1145:Thorne–Hawking–Preskill bet
555:"Guide to Relativity Books"
500:Introducing Stephen Hawking
283:8. Space–time Singularities
1217:
1049:Stephen Hawking's Universe
851:On the Shoulders of Giants
843:The Universe in a Nutshell
639:10.1088/0031-9112/25/6/029
79:Cambridge University Press
31:Cover of the first edition
1089:Genius by Stephen Hawking
859:A Briefer History of Time
742:Black hole thermodynamics
576:Hawking, Stephen (2023).
345:Gravitation and Cosmology
24:
1176:Books by Stephen Hawking
1022:The Theory of Everything
950:George and the Blue Moon
902:(2023, posthume message)
867:God Created the Integers
998:A Brief History of Time
934:George and the Big Bang
819:A Brief History of Time
347:by Steven Weinberg and
220:A Brief History of Time
215:University of Cambridge
1191:English-language books
1166:1973 non-fiction books
957:Unlocking the Universe
762:Gibbons–Hawking effect
757:Gibbons–Hawking ansatz
424:
372:John Archibald Wheeler
370:Theoretical physicist
335:Theoretical physicist
288:Gravitational Collapse
161:and the mathematician
899:On the Origin of Time
767:Gibbons–Hawking space
280:in General Relativity
255:3. General Relativity
251:Differential Geometry
777:Hartle–Hawking state
356:perturbative methods
666:1974PhT....27d..91H
217:. In his 1988 book
211:postdoctoral fellow
204:topological methods
151:theoretical physics
21:
1130:In popular culture
1107:Jane Wilde Hawking
1060:(2008 documentary)
1052:(1997 documentary)
528:American Scientist
307:Birkhoff's Theorem
62:General relativity
1201:Physics textbooks
1153:
1152:
1065:Genius of Britain
985:
984:
737:Hawking radiation
674:10.1063/1.3128542
627:Physical Bulletin
589:978-1-009-25316-1
509:978-1-874-16625-2
484:978-0-521-82081-3
235:Table of contents
157:by the physicist
138:
137:
95:Publication place
1208:
975:My Brief History
875:The Grand Design
800:
747:Micro black hole
716:
709:
702:
693:
686:
685:
649:
643:
642:
622:
616:
615:
609:
601:
573:
567:
566:
564:
562:
550:
544:
543:
523:
514:
513:
495:
489:
488:
468:
453:
429:
409:
404:
403:
395:
390:
389:
272:Causal Structure
186:, horizons, and
86:Publication date
29:
22:
1216:
1215:
1211:
1210:
1209:
1207:
1206:
1205:
1156:
1155:
1154:
1149:
1118:
1095:
1028:
981:
962:
905:
791:
725:
723:Stephen Hawking
720:
690:
689:
651:
650:
646:
624:
623:
619:
602:
590:
575:
574:
570:
560:
558:
552:
551:
547:
525:
524:
517:
510:
502:. Totem Books.
497:
496:
492:
485:
470:
469:
465:
460:
450:
436:Ellis, G. F. R.
430:
426:
423:
405:
398:
391:
384:
381:
325:
266:Exact Solutions
243:1. The Role of
237:
223:, he describes
171:
159:Stephen Hawking
103:Media type
87:
43:
41:Stephen Hawking
32:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1214:
1212:
1204:
1203:
1198:
1193:
1188:
1183:
1178:
1173:
1168:
1158:
1157:
1151:
1150:
1148:
1147:
1142:
1137:
1132:
1126:
1124:
1120:
1119:
1117:
1116:
1110:
1103:
1101:
1097:
1096:
1094:
1093:
1085:
1077:
1069:
1061:
1053:
1045:
1036:
1034:
1030:
1029:
1027:
1026:
1018:
1010:
1002:
993:
991:
987:
986:
983:
982:
980:
979:
970:
968:
964:
963:
961:
960:
954:
946:
938:
930:
922:
913:
911:
907:
906:
904:
903:
895:
887:
879:
871:
863:
855:
847:
839:
831:
823:
815:
806:
804:
797:
793:
792:
790:
789:
787:Hawking energy
784:
779:
774:
769:
764:
759:
754:
749:
744:
739:
733:
731:
727:
726:
721:
719:
718:
711:
704:
696:
688:
687:
644:
617:
588:
568:
545:
515:
508:
490:
483:
462:
461:
459:
456:
455:
454:
448:
432:Hawking, S. W.
422:
419:
418:
417:
411:
410:
407:Physics portal
396:
380:
377:
327:Mathematician
324:
321:
320:
319:
316:
313:
310:
303:
297:
294:
284:
281:
278:Cauchy Problem
274:
268:
262:
256:
253:
247:
241:
236:
233:
170:
167:
136:
135:
133:978-0521200165
130:
124:
123:
120:
116:
115:
104:
100:
99:
98:United Kingdom
96:
92:
91:
88:
85:
82:
81:
76:
72:
71:
68:
64:
63:
60:
56:
55:
52:
48:
47:
38:
34:
33:
30:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1213:
1202:
1199:
1197:
1194:
1192:
1189:
1187:
1184:
1182:
1179:
1177:
1174:
1172:
1169:
1167:
1164:
1163:
1161:
1146:
1143:
1141:
1138:
1136:
1133:
1131:
1128:
1127:
1125:
1121:
1114:
1111:
1108:
1105:
1104:
1102:
1098:
1092:(2016 series)
1091:
1090:
1086:
1084:(2011 series)
1083:
1082:
1078:
1076:(2010 series)
1075:
1074:
1070:
1068:(2010 series)
1067:
1066:
1062:
1059:
1058:
1054:
1051:
1050:
1046:
1043:
1042:
1038:
1037:
1035:
1031:
1024:
1023:
1019:
1016:
1015:
1011:
1008:
1007:
1003:
1000:
999:
995:
994:
992:
988:
977:
976:
972:
971:
969:
965:
958:
955:
952:
951:
947:
944:
943:
939:
936:
935:
931:
928:
927:
923:
920:
919:
915:
914:
912:
908:
901:
900:
896:
893:
892:
888:
885:
884:
880:
877:
876:
872:
869:
868:
864:
861:
860:
856:
853:
852:
848:
845:
844:
840:
837:
836:
832:
829:
828:
824:
821:
820:
816:
813:
812:
808:
807:
805:
801:
798:
794:
788:
785:
783:
780:
778:
775:
773:
770:
768:
765:
763:
760:
758:
755:
753:
750:
748:
745:
743:
740:
738:
735:
734:
732:
728:
724:
717:
712:
710:
705:
703:
698:
697:
694:
683:
679:
675:
671:
667:
663:
659:
655:
654:Physics Today
648:
645:
640:
636:
632:
628:
621:
618:
613:
607:
599:
595:
591:
585:
581:
580:
572:
569:
556:
549:
546:
541:
537:
533:
529:
522:
520:
516:
511:
505:
501:
494:
491:
486:
480:
476:
475:
467:
464:
457:
451:
449:0-521-09906-4
445:
441:
437:
433:
428:
425:
420:
416:
413:
412:
408:
402:
397:
394:
388:
383:
378:
376:
373:
368:
365:
364:Roger Penrose
361:
357:
352:
351:
346:
342:
338:
333:
330:
322:
317:
314:
311:
308:
304:
302:
301:P. S. Laplace
298:
295:
293:
289:
285:
282:
279:
275:
273:
269:
267:
263:
261:
257:
254:
252:
248:
246:
242:
239:
238:
234:
232:
228:
226:
222:
221:
216:
212:
207:
205:
201:
197:
193:
189:
185:
184:singularities
181:
177:
168:
166:
164:
160:
156:
152:
148:
144:
143:
134:
131:
129:
125:
121:
117:
113:
109:
105:
101:
97:
93:
89:
83:
80:
77:
73:
69:
65:
61:
57:
53:
49:
46:
42:
39:
35:
28:
23:
1113:Lucy Hawking
1109:(first wife)
1087:
1079:
1071:
1063:
1055:
1047:
1039:
1021:
1013:
1005:
997:
973:
956:
948:
940:
932:
924:
916:
897:
889:
881:
873:
865:
857:
849:
841:
833:
825:
817:
810:
809:
657:
653:
647:
630:
626:
620:
578:
571:
559:. Retrieved
548:
531:
527:
499:
493:
473:
466:
439:
427:
393:Books portal
369:
359:
348:
344:
340:
337:Rainer Sachs
334:
326:
229:
224:
218:
208:
199:
172:
163:George Ellis
141:
140:
139:
45:George Ellis
350:Gravitation
292:Black Holes
70:Non-fiction
1160:Categories
1115:(daughter)
1033:Television
633:(6): 238.
598:1347434162
561:August 25,
458:References
323:Assessment
312:References
169:Background
145:is a 1973
1135:Namesakes
682:121949888
606:cite book
260:Curvature
194:from the
192:John Baez
188:causality
176:axiomatic
155:spacetime
112:Paperback
108:Hardcover
75:Publisher
540:27845370
438:(1973).
379:See also
315:Notation
147:treatise
51:Language
1014:Hawking
1006:Hawking
967:Memoirs
910:Fiction
803:Science
730:Physics
662:Bibcode
276:7. The
245:Gravity
240:Preface
213:at the
149:on the
106:Print (
59:Subject
54:English
37:Authors
1100:Family
1044:(1988)
1025:(2014)
1017:(2013)
1009:(2004)
1001:(1991)
978:(2013)
959:(2020)
953:(2016)
945:(2014)
937:(2011)
929:(2009)
921:(2007)
894:(2018)
886:(2011)
878:(2010)
870:(2005)
862:(2005)
854:(2002)
846:(2001)
838:(1996)
830:(1993)
822:(1988)
814:(1973)
680:
596:
586:
538:
506:
481:
446:
1123:Other
990:Films
796:Books
678:S2CID
536:JSTOR
421:Notes
318:Index
119:Pages
67:Genre
612:link
594:OCLC
584:ISBN
563:2019
504:ISBN
479:ISBN
444:ISBN
290:and
128:ISBN
110:and
90:1973
670:doi
635:doi
362:by
286:9.
270:6.
264:5.
249:2.
153:of
122:384
1162::
676:.
668:.
658:27
656:.
631:25
629:.
608:}}
604:{{
592:.
532:62
530:.
518:^
434:;
198:,
715:e
708:t
701:v
684:.
672::
664::
641:.
637::
614:)
600:.
565:.
542:.
512:.
487:.
452:.
309:.
114:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
