455:
1289:
385:
152:
226:
46:
282:
278:), was elected as a foreign associate member to the National Academy of Sciences (U.S.A.) in recognition of her outstanding work on climate change, being the first Hispanic woman to achieve this honor. Moreover, Dr. Diaz won the Nobel Peace Prize in 2007 as a member of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change.
245:. The facility will contribute to numerous ESA space probes, as well as CONAE's own, domestic research projects. Chosen from 20 potential sites and one of only three such ESA installations in the world, the new antenna will create a triangulation which will allow the ESA to ensure mission coverage around the clock.
30:
414:
radar; the expansion of the nuclear industry; and support for industrial and agricultural R&D through their respective technological institutes. In 2018, the
Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation was downgraded in the administrative hierarchy to a Secretariat of State under the Ministry of Education.
393:
hemisphere with professors and institutions awarded prestigious prizes and fellowships from philanthropic institutions like the John S. Guggenheim
Foundation awards or the Howard Hughes Medical Institute, to name a few. Official sources recently reported roughly 1,500,000 college students within the
409:
A review found that progress had been made by 2018 towards aligning national priorities with the SDGs and in setting up adequate monitoring mechanisms. The government budget dedicated to research and development (R&D) and higher education also supports most of the national research institutes.
417:
These quantitative and qualitative changes are likely to have perturbed the growth rate of scientific articles, which has been slow and irregular since 2011. Meanwhile, sectoral funds remain important programmes in
Argentina, particularly FONSOFT, promoting the software industry and FONARSEC, the
413:
Although research intensity has dipped only slightly since 2015, other signs suggest that a lower priority is being accorded to science, technology and innovation; research and infrastructure projects have been cut back or cancelled in the following areas: the extension of satellite networks and
392:
Four out of five
Argentine adults have completed grade school, over a third have completed their secondary education and one in nine Argentine adults have college degrees. Likewise, Argentina has the highest rate of university students in Latin America, besides having more within the southern
405:
Upon taking office in
December 2015, the Macri government set out eight goals and 100 priority initiatives to foster socioeconomic development. A number of these have links to the SDGs. Accordingly, through the National Council for the Coordination of Social Policies (CNCPS), the government
418:
Argentine
Sectoral Fund which focuses on medical, optical and precision instruments, machinery and electrical appliances. These sectoral funds are managed by the National Agency for Scientific and Technological Promotion (ANPCyT), with public and private counterparts.
536:
Sulek, K (1968), "Nobel prize for Carl
Ferdinand Cori and Gerta Theresa Cori in 1947 for discovery of the course of catalytic metabolism of glycogen. Prize for Alberto Bernardo Houssay for discovery on the role of the hypophysis in carbohydrate metabolism.",
1019:
Dutrénit, G.; Aguirre-Bastos, C.; Puchet, M. and M. Salazar (2021) Latin
America. In UNESCO Science Report: the Race Against Time for Smarter Development. Schneegans, S.; Straza, T. and J. Lewis (eds). UNESCO Publishing:
120:, a centerpiece in Argentine scientific and technological development, fifty years on. Many other Argentines have contributed to scientific development around the world, though sometimes having to
104:
made primary education universally available in the 1860s and 1870s, Argentine researchers and professionals at home and abroad continue to enjoy a high standing in their fields. Argentine
93:
exports in high-technology are products with high R&D intensity, such as in aerospace, computers, pharmaceuticals, scientific instruments, and electrical machinery. Benefiting from
237:
has since launched 8 indigenous built satellites successfully, AMSAT, MuSat, SAC-B, SAC-A, SAC-C, SAC-D/Aquarius, ARSAT I and ARSAT-2. In June 2009, secured an agreement with the
935:
845:
406:
established the
National Inter-Institutional Commission for the Implementation and Monitoring of the SDGs, of which the Vice-Ministry of Science and Technology is a member.
360:
366:
344:
167:
Despite its modest budget and numerous setbacks, academics and the sciences in
Argentina have enjoyed international respect since the turn of the 1900s, when Dr.
397:; this represents the highest rate - relative to its total population - of academic students in Latin America and exceeds the ratio in many developed countries.
1489:
1263:
218:
of a living being, a world first. Argentina has its own satellite programme, nuclear power station designs (4th generation) and public nuclear energy company
1623:
1600:
1410:
1268:
233:
Other projects are focusing on IS, nanotechnology, biotechnology, helicopters, farming machinery and military defensive systems. Established in 1991, the
921:
737:
442:
1098:
1083:
1052:
896:
1420:
1390:
1253:
685:
605:
1415:
1044:
987:
1330:
961:
1395:
1567:
1278:
939:
1532:
1173:
1153:
594:
La Travesía de la Libertad Ante el Bicentenario, X Seminario Argentino-Chileno, IV Congreso Interoceanico de Estudios Latinoamericanos
271:
184:
1243:
1590:
1482:
1345:
1213:
849:
640:
432:
334:
113:
1108:
1335:
769:
1522:
1218:
1143:
1138:
1385:
1638:
1527:
1438:
1148:
328:
1400:
1643:
1633:
1595:
1455:
1443:
1433:
1380:
1350:
394:
180:
1405:
1375:
1248:
1183:
1118:
711:
1628:
1370:
1365:
1360:
1158:
1355:
1223:
1193:
485:
1557:
1547:
1475:
1310:
1258:
1233:
1208:
1168:
1123:
1076:
1562:
1537:
1517:
1340:
1325:
1320:
1273:
1188:
1178:
1133:
1542:
1228:
1198:
1128:
454:
1315:
1203:
297:
Currently there are further outstanding Argentine researchers in the mentioned institution as Alberto Carlos Frasch (
85:, space and rocket technology and several fields related to the country's main economic activities. According to the
1552:
1238:
1163:
437:
267:
101:
871:
1504:
242:
463:
1069:
137:
427:
98:
1049:
900:
559:
238:
33:
The National Atomic Energy Commission. Established in 1950, it was the world's first outside either the
384:
586:
286:
211:
192:
1578:
1297:
820:
751:
689:
622:
991:
656:
310:
465:
Latin America. In: UNESCO Science Report: the Race Against Time for Smarter Development.
965:
241:
on for the installation of a 35-m diameter antenna and other mission support facilities at the
915:
731:
636:
601:
542:
196:
172:
628:
306:
188:
176:
105:
50:
151:
1467:
1056:
668:
248:
225:
74:
1061:
468:, Gabriela Dutrénit, Carlos Aguirre-Bastos, Martín Puchet and Mónica Salazar, UNESCO.
1039:
203:
created the first artificial heart in 1969, revolutionizing the heart transplant field.
17:
773:
200:
82:
795:
1617:
872:"En las becas Guggenheim, otra vez la Argentina fue primera - 13.06.2008 - LA NACION"
512:
348:
338:
256:
94:
78:
54:
34:
320:
Among the public institutions devoted to research and development in Argentina are:
459:
45:
715:
281:
252:
121:
109:
61:, it is among the most prestigious in its field in Latin America, and the world.
58:
489:
168:
156:
86:
263:
issues, Argentina ranks fifth in the number of these institutions worldwide.
1302:
302:
298:
260:
90:
546:
1288:
314:
70:
632:
124:
to do so. Probably for that, the Argentine education is referred as the
541:, vol. 21, no. 17 (published Sep 1, 1968), pp. 1609–10,
354:
324:
275:
207:
117:
752:"Comisión Nacional de Actividades Espaciales - REGISTRO DE SATELITES"
215:
936:"Argentina - Portal oficial de promoción de la República Argentina"
372:
280:
234:
224:
219:
163:) overseeing the first safe and effective blood transfusion (1914)
150:
513:"High-technology exports (current US$ ) | Data | Table"
38:
1471:
1065:
251:
have a particularly strong tradition in Argentina. Home to 122
29:
375:: Argentine high-technology research & development company
796:"Interplanetary support station to be installed in Argentina"
563:
821:"Argentina, quinto país en el mundo en centros de estudio"
222:, which provides several countries with nuclear reactors.
214:, where Argentine scientists have successfully mapped the
486:"Fundación Instituto Leloir - Fundación Instituto Leloir"
1033:
462:
work. Licensed under CC BY-SA 3.0 IGO. Text taken from
293:) and his staff toast his 1970 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.
183:. Argentina is the Latin American country with the most
187:; and has three Nobel Prize winners in the sciences:
1576:
1503:
1296:
1097:
846:"Argentina - A argentina in the science academy"
272:Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biologia Vegetal
179:, who was a pioneer in the improvement of the
171:devised the first safe and effective means of
97:'s highest literacy rates since shortly after
1483:
1077:
8:
1602:South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands
1411:South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands
627:. World Intellectual Property Organization.
458: This article incorporates text from a
363:: National Agricultural Technology Institute
136:(learned). Argentina was ranked 73rd in the
108:was the first Latin American awarded with a
331:Scientific and Technical Research Institute
116:, Houssay went on to establish Argentina's
41:and had created a research reactor by 1957.
1490:
1476:
1468:
1084:
1070:
1062:
624:Global Innovation Index 2023, 15th Edition
443:Spanish language in science and technology
369:: National Industrial Technology Institute
686:"Official Promotion Portal for Argentina"
680:
678:
401:Overview of policy environment, 2015–2019
1045:Argentine Higher Education Official Site
383:
44:
28:
1498:Science and technology in South America
477:
199:in Physiology or Medicine in 1984. Dr.
1092:Science and technology in the Americas
920:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
913:
736:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
729:
664:
654:
410:This budget has decreased since 2015.
1015:
1013:
1011:
1009:
7:
1624:Science and technology in Argentina
1034:Science and Technology in Argentina
191:in Physiology or Medicine in 1947,
132:), which originates from the Latin
67:science and technology in Argentina
1040:Science and Education in Argentina
25:
585:Latino, Rosa María (March 2010).
433:List of universities in Argentina
1287:
1254:Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
453:
57:. Founded by Nobel Laureate Dr.
560:"[Bernardo A. Houssay]"
357:: the National Research Council
1050:The Argentine Education System
206:They have also contributed to
65:The most important aspects of
1:
309:), and Francisco de la Cruz (
587:"Familia Infancia y Genero"
395:Argentine University System
112:in sciences. Educated in a
1660:
438:Argentine defense industry
380:A well-educated work force
195:in Chemistry in 1970, and
102:Domingo Faustino Sarmiento
1429:
1396:Saint Pierre and Miquelon
1285:
600:. Mendoza, Argentina: 9.
147:Eminences in their fields
118:National Research Council
1416:Turks and Caicos Islands
243:Pierre Auger Observatory
130:La docta Latinoamericana
18:The Latin American Docta
138:Global Innovation Index
1639:Education in Argentina
1331:British Virgin Islands
428:Education in Argentina
389:
294:
270:, researcher from the
230:
164:
62:
42:
1644:Academia in Argentina
1634:National universities
1244:Saint Kitts and Nevis
800:BuenosAiresHerald.com
387:
284:
239:European Space Agency
228:
185:Nobel Prize laureates
154:
48:
32:
1629:Culture of Argentina
988:"Study in Argentina"
962:"Study in Argentina"
287:Luis Federico Leloir
212:Human Genome Project
210:in efforts like the
193:Luis Federico Leloir
126:Latin American docta
1421:U.S. Virgin Islands
1264:Trinidad and Tobago
1109:Antigua and Barbuda
776:on February 4, 2009
633:10.34667/tind.46596
301:), Armando Parodi (
266:In April 2009, Dr.
114:National University
69:are concerned with
1174:Dominican Republic
1055:2009-03-19 at the
942:on October 9, 2008
718:on October 9, 2008
517:Data.worldbank.org
492:on October 6, 2009
390:
311:Balseiro Institute
295:
231:
165:
63:
43:
1611:
1610:
1583:other territories
1465:
1464:
968:on March 11, 2009
607:978-987-9441-40-4
566:on March 10, 2009
173:blood transfusion
161:second from right
16:(Redirected from
1651:
1603:
1591:Falkland Islands
1505:Sovereign states
1492:
1485:
1478:
1469:
1386:Saint Barthélemy
1346:Falkland Islands
1291:
1086:
1079:
1072:
1063:
1021:
1017:
1004:
1003:
1001:
999:
994:on June 11, 2008
990:. Archived from
984:
978:
977:
975:
973:
964:. Archived from
958:
952:
951:
949:
947:
938:. Archived from
932:
926:
925:
919:
911:
909:
908:
899:. Archived from
893:
887:
886:
884:
883:
868:
862:
861:
859:
857:
848:. Archived from
842:
836:
835:
833:
832:
817:
811:
810:
808:
807:
792:
786:
785:
783:
781:
772:. Archived from
766:
760:
759:
756:www.conae.gov.ar
748:
742:
741:
735:
727:
725:
723:
714:. Archived from
708:
702:
701:
699:
697:
692:on June 17, 2008
688:. Archived from
682:
673:
672:
666:
662:
660:
652:
650:
649:
618:
612:
611:
591:
582:
576:
575:
573:
571:
562:. Archived from
556:
550:
549:
533:
527:
526:
524:
523:
508:
502:
501:
499:
497:
488:. Archived from
482:
457:
349:Space Activities
307:Leloir Institute
255:specializing in
189:Bernardo Houssay
106:Bernardo Houssay
51:Leloir Institute
21:
1659:
1658:
1654:
1653:
1652:
1650:
1649:
1648:
1614:
1613:
1612:
1607:
1601:
1584:
1582:
1572:
1499:
1496:
1466:
1461:
1439:Central America
1425:
1300:
1292:
1283:
1100:
1093:
1090:
1057:Wayback Machine
1030:
1025:
1024:
1018:
1007:
997:
995:
986:
985:
981:
971:
969:
960:
959:
955:
945:
943:
934:
933:
929:
912:
906:
904:
897:"Archived copy"
895:
894:
890:
881:
879:
876:Lanacion.com.ar
870:
869:
865:
855:
853:
852:on May 31, 2011
844:
843:
839:
830:
828:
819:
818:
814:
805:
803:
794:
793:
789:
779:
777:
768:
767:
763:
750:
749:
745:
728:
721:
719:
712:"Archived copy"
710:
709:
705:
695:
693:
684:
683:
676:
663:
653:
647:
645:
643:
620:
619:
615:
608:
589:
584:
583:
579:
569:
567:
558:
557:
553:
535:
534:
530:
521:
519:
510:
509:
505:
495:
493:
484:
483:
479:
474:
451:
424:
403:
382:
249:Social sciences
229:SAC-D satellite
149:
143:
75:nuclear physics
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1657:
1655:
1647:
1646:
1641:
1636:
1631:
1626:
1616:
1615:
1609:
1608:
1606:
1605:
1598:
1593:
1587:
1585:
1577:
1574:
1573:
1571:
1570:
1565:
1560:
1555:
1550:
1545:
1540:
1535:
1530:
1525:
1520:
1515:
1509:
1507:
1501:
1500:
1497:
1495:
1494:
1487:
1480:
1472:
1463:
1462:
1460:
1459:
1452:
1450:
1448:
1446:
1441:
1436:
1430:
1427:
1426:
1424:
1423:
1418:
1413:
1408:
1403:
1401:Sint Eustatius
1398:
1393:
1388:
1383:
1378:
1373:
1368:
1363:
1358:
1353:
1348:
1343:
1338:
1336:Cayman Islands
1333:
1328:
1323:
1318:
1313:
1307:
1305:
1294:
1293:
1286:
1284:
1282:
1281:
1276:
1271:
1266:
1261:
1256:
1251:
1246:
1241:
1236:
1231:
1226:
1221:
1216:
1211:
1206:
1201:
1196:
1191:
1186:
1181:
1176:
1171:
1166:
1161:
1156:
1151:
1146:
1141:
1136:
1131:
1126:
1121:
1116:
1111:
1105:
1103:
1095:
1094:
1091:
1089:
1088:
1081:
1074:
1066:
1060:
1059:
1047:
1042:
1037:
1029:
1028:External links
1026:
1023:
1022:
1005:
979:
953:
927:
888:
863:
837:
812:
787:
761:
743:
703:
674:
665:|website=
641:
613:
606:
577:
551:
528:
503:
476:
475:
473:
470:
450:
447:
446:
445:
440:
435:
430:
423:
420:
402:
399:
388:Literacy Level
381:
378:
377:
376:
370:
364:
358:
352:
342:
332:
201:Domingo Liotta
197:César Milstein
181:bypass surgery
148:
145:
83:nanotechnology
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1656:
1645:
1642:
1640:
1637:
1635:
1632:
1630:
1627:
1625:
1622:
1621:
1619:
1604:
1599:
1597:
1596:French Guiana
1594:
1592:
1589:
1588:
1586:
1580:
1575:
1569:
1566:
1564:
1561:
1559:
1556:
1554:
1551:
1549:
1546:
1544:
1541:
1539:
1536:
1534:
1531:
1529:
1526:
1524:
1521:
1519:
1516:
1514:
1511:
1510:
1508:
1506:
1502:
1493:
1488:
1486:
1481:
1479:
1474:
1473:
1470:
1458:
1457:
1456:South America
1453:
1451:
1449:
1447:
1445:
1442:
1440:
1437:
1435:
1434:North America
1432:
1431:
1428:
1422:
1419:
1417:
1414:
1412:
1409:
1407:
1404:
1402:
1399:
1397:
1394:
1392:
1389:
1387:
1384:
1382:
1379:
1377:
1374:
1372:
1369:
1367:
1364:
1362:
1359:
1357:
1354:
1352:
1351:French Guiana
1349:
1347:
1344:
1342:
1339:
1337:
1334:
1332:
1329:
1327:
1324:
1322:
1319:
1317:
1314:
1312:
1309:
1308:
1306:
1304:
1299:
1295:
1290:
1280:
1277:
1275:
1272:
1270:
1269:United States
1267:
1265:
1262:
1260:
1257:
1255:
1252:
1250:
1247:
1245:
1242:
1240:
1237:
1235:
1232:
1230:
1227:
1225:
1222:
1220:
1217:
1215:
1212:
1210:
1207:
1205:
1202:
1200:
1197:
1195:
1192:
1190:
1187:
1185:
1182:
1180:
1177:
1175:
1172:
1170:
1167:
1165:
1162:
1160:
1157:
1155:
1152:
1150:
1147:
1145:
1142:
1140:
1137:
1135:
1132:
1130:
1127:
1125:
1122:
1120:
1117:
1115:
1112:
1110:
1107:
1106:
1104:
1102:
1096:
1087:
1082:
1080:
1075:
1073:
1068:
1067:
1064:
1058:
1054:
1051:
1048:
1046:
1043:
1041:
1038:
1035:
1032:
1031:
1027:
1016:
1014:
1012:
1010:
1006:
993:
989:
983:
980:
967:
963:
957:
954:
941:
937:
931:
928:
923:
917:
903:on 2011-05-27
902:
898:
892:
889:
877:
873:
867:
864:
851:
847:
841:
838:
826:
822:
816:
813:
801:
797:
791:
788:
775:
771:
765:
762:
757:
753:
747:
744:
739:
733:
717:
713:
707:
704:
691:
687:
681:
679:
675:
670:
658:
644:
642:9789280534320
638:
634:
630:
626:
625:
621:WIPO (2022).
617:
614:
609:
603:
599:
595:
588:
581:
578:
565:
561:
555:
552:
548:
544:
540:
532:
529:
518:
514:
507:
504:
491:
487:
481:
478:
471:
469:
467:
466:
461:
456:
448:
444:
441:
439:
436:
434:
431:
429:
426:
425:
421:
419:
415:
411:
407:
400:
398:
396:
386:
379:
374:
371:
368:
365:
362:
359:
356:
353:
350:
346:
343:
340:
339:Atomic Energy
336:
333:
330:
326:
323:
322:
321:
318:
316:
312:
308:
304:
300:
292:
288:
283:
279:
277:
273:
269:
264:
262:
258:
257:public policy
254:
250:
246:
244:
240:
236:
227:
223:
221:
217:
213:
209:
204:
202:
198:
194:
190:
186:
182:
178:
177:René Favaloro
174:
170:
162:
158:
153:
146:
144:
141:
139:
135:
131:
128:(in Spanish:
127:
123:
119:
115:
111:
107:
103:
100:
96:
95:Latin America
92:
88:
84:
80:
79:biotechnology
76:
72:
68:
60:
56:
55:biotechnology
52:
47:
40:
36:
31:
27:
19:
1579:Dependencies
1512:
1454:
1406:Sint Maarten
1391:Saint Martin
1298:Dependencies
1113:
996:. Retrieved
992:the original
982:
970:. Retrieved
966:the original
956:
944:. Retrieved
940:the original
930:
905:. Retrieved
901:the original
891:
880:. Retrieved
878:. 2008-06-13
875:
866:
854:. Retrieved
850:the original
840:
829:. Retrieved
827:. 2009-01-25
824:
815:
804:. Retrieved
802:. 2009-06-23
799:
790:
778:. Retrieved
774:the original
764:
755:
746:
720:. Retrieved
716:the original
706:
694:. Retrieved
690:the original
646:. Retrieved
623:
616:
597:
596:. Simposio.
593:
580:
568:. Retrieved
564:the original
554:
538:
531:
520:. Retrieved
516:
506:
494:. Retrieved
490:the original
480:
464:
460:free content
452:
416:
412:
408:
404:
391:
319:
296:
290:
265:
247:
232:
205:
166:
160:
142:
133:
129:
125:
66:
64:
26:
1376:Puerto Rico
1303:territories
1249:Saint Lucia
1184:El Salvador
770:"Satelites"
347:: National
337:: National
268:Sandra Díaz
253:think tanks
175:as well as
110:Nobel Prize
59:Luis Leloir
1618:Categories
1371:Montserrat
1366:Martinique
1361:Guadeloupe
1159:Costa Rica
907:2009-03-11
882:2016-02-22
831:2016-02-22
825:Clarin.com
806:2016-02-22
648:2023-10-29
539:Wiad. Lek.
522:2016-02-22
472:References
351:Commission
341:Commission
208:bioscience
169:Luis Agote
157:Luis Agote
87:World Bank
1568:Venezuela
1513:Argentina
1444:Caribbean
1356:Greenland
1279:Venezuela
1224:Nicaragua
1194:Guatemala
1114:Argentina
1099:Sovereign
1036:(Spanish)
972:March 11,
946:March 11,
722:March 11,
667:ignored (
657:cite book
570:March 11,
496:March 11,
303:NU of SAM
299:NU of SAM
274:(IMBIV -
261:economics
140:in 2023.
99:President
91:Argentina
1558:Suriname
1548:Paraguay
1533:Colombia
1311:Anguilla
1259:Suriname
1234:Paraguay
1209:Honduras
1169:Dominica
1154:Colombia
1124:Barbados
1053:Archived
998:June 22,
916:cite web
780:June 25,
732:cite web
696:June 22,
422:See also
315:NU of Cu
122:emigrate
71:medicine
39:U.S.S.R.
1563:Uruguay
1538:Ecuador
1518:Bolivia
1341:Curaçao
1326:Bonaire
1321:Bermuda
1274:Uruguay
1214:Jamaica
1189:Grenada
1179:Ecuador
1134:Bolivia
1119:Bahamas
856:May 17,
547:4882480
449:Sources
355:CONICET
329:Defense
325:CITEDEF
276:NU of C
37:or the
1543:Guyana
1523:Brazil
1229:Panama
1219:Mexico
1199:Guyana
1144:Canada
1139:Brazil
1129:Belize
1101:states
1020:Paris.
639:
604:
545:
511:Data.
216:genome
1528:Chile
1316:Aruba
1204:Haiti
1149:Chile
590:(PDF)
373:INVAP
345:CONAE
235:CONAE
220:INVAP
134:docta
1553:Peru
1381:Saba
1301:and
1239:Peru
1164:Cuba
1000:2008
974:2009
948:2009
922:link
858:2009
782:2009
738:link
724:2009
698:2008
669:help
637:ISBN
602:ISBN
572:2009
543:PMID
498:2009
367:INTI
361:INTA
335:CNEA
291:left
285:Dr.
259:and
155:Dr.
49:The
35:U.S.
1581:and
629:doi
317:).
53:of
1620::
1008:^
918:}}
914:{{
874:.
823:.
798:.
754:.
734:}}
730:{{
677:^
661::
659:}}
655:{{
635:.
598:10
592:.
515:.
327::
313:-
305:-
89:,
81:,
77:,
73:,
1491:e
1484:t
1477:v
1085:e
1078:t
1071:v
1002:.
976:.
950:.
924:)
910:.
885:.
860:.
834:.
809:.
784:.
758:.
740:)
726:.
700:.
671:)
651:.
631::
610:.
574:.
525:.
500:.
289:(
159:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
