500:, perturbed many of the artists, and they often responded with comments that they found the questions mundane and uninteresting. Emma Goldman, for example, justified her delayed response by complaining that the questions themselves bored her. She writes, “I have not written sooner because I find the questions really terribly uninteresting,” and continues that “since the questions are so ordinary the replies can be naught else.” Even Anderson and Heap agreed that the questions were unproductive: Anderson ended the magazine's run with an editorial in the 1929 issue in which she stated in reference to the questionnaire that “even the artist doesn't know what he’s talking about.”
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406:, featured several blank pages (pages 1–13 in the issue). Anderson defended this move by claiming that contributors did not submit enough good work, so, as she notes on page one, “The September issue is offered as a Want Ad.” In the pages following the blank ones, Anderson published essays that were characteristic of the magazine's interest: two pieces about the San Francisco Bomb Case in which
309:“the American mouthpiece for all the new systems of art that the modern world had produced.” Under Heap's editorship, the magazine published more art in addition to literature and organized two expositions in conjunction with the magazine. The expositions were titled The Machine-Age Exposition and The International Theatre Exposition. In May 1929, the final issue of
426:. The blank pages issue infuriated some subscribers while it amused others. In particular, some readers were not amused by cartoons illustrating the daily activities of the editor. The cartoons picture the editor riding her horse, playing piano, and attending Emma Goldman lectures, among other activities.
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opening editorial, Anderson called for the creation of a new form of criticism for art, emphasizing, “... criticism as an art has not flourished in this country. We live too swiftly to have time to be appreciative; and criticism, after all, has only one synonym: appreciation”. This philosophy would
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s vanguard battle against puritan conventions and traditional sexual aesthetics, then the
Baroness was to become its fighting machine”. Following the obscenity trial, Anderson and Heap were forced to restrict the magazine's content to less inflammatory material, and they no longer printed their
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Mr. Joyce was not teaching early
Egyptian perversions nor inventing new ones. Girls lean back everywhere, showing lace and silk stockings; wear low-cut sleeveless blouses, breathless bathing suits; men think thoughts and have emotions about these things everywhere--seldom as delicately and
386:” in which she lauds the notable anarchist for her support of the elimination of private property and religion. The publication of this issue caused such a stir that several of the magazine's existing financial backers withdrew funding, leaving the magazine in dire straits.
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poetry, printing it alongside the serialization of
Ulysses from 1918-1921 and making Freytag-Loringhoven the journal's most frequently printed poet. Heap and the Baroness shared a confrontational feminist agenda. Gammel writes, “If Heap was the field marshall for
223:, a lawyer and well-known patron of modernist art, defended them at the trial, ultimately losing. The editors paid a fifty-dollar fine each as result of the judgment. Anderson briefly considered folding the magazine after the trial.
838:"Multi-Generational Archive of Correspondence, Photographs, Manuscripts and Personal Papers of Xavier Martinez, Elsie Martinez, Harriet Dean, Micaela Du Casse, and Ralph Du Casse, with Particular Emphasis on the Artists'"
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brief affiliation with anarchism: Goldman was a regular contributor and
Anderson wrote editorials advocating anarchism and art. In 1916, Heap became the magazine's co-editor and stayed with the magazine until 1929.
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and cultivated many early examples of experimental writing and art. Many contributors were
American, British, Irish, and French. In addition to publishing a variety of international literature,
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continued to publish, publication had become irregular during this time. By 1925, after being in Europe for a time, Anderson and Heap parted ways: Heap returned to New York with
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1274:: a cover-to-cover, searchable digital edition of volumes 1-9 (73 issues), from March 1914 to Winter 1922. PDFs of these issues may be downloaded for free from the MJP website.
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In the Dec. 1919 issue, the individual identified as serving in the capacity of "Advisory Board" and who provided some content for the magazine was signed simply as "jh".
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317:, after creating the magazine as place to record her own thoughts “I decided that there had been enough of this. Everyone was doing it—the artist above all”.
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The Spring 1923 “Exiles” issue is noteworthy because it published works by
American expatriates living in Paris as well as the Parisian avant-garde including
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382:. The May 1914 issue sparked conversation and controversy about the magazine since it was there that Anderson published her essay titled “The Challenge of
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began as a journal of criticism but also published original poetry and fiction. During the first few years, the magazine published pieces that championed
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selected for this first issue established the magazine's concern with feminism, art, conversation, and criticism that it pursued throughout its run.
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458:(Hilda Doolittle). Perhaps the most important contribution of this issue was its publication of six vignettes from Hemingway's debut novel
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were accused and convicted (though later pardoned) of detonating a bomb during the July 22 parade held in honor of the U.S.’s entry into
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As evidenced in the May 1914 issue, Anderson's anarchistic sympathies became more apparent just a few months after she began the
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at
University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee Archives (Finding Aid for the editorial records, including photographs and correspondence)
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came under attack for its overall subversive tone and, in particular, its publication of the sexually explicit writings of the
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View the logo on the magazine’s table of contents at the
Modernist Journals Project digital edition of the Little Review.
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appeared as a series of letters and questionnaires from past contributors. Anderson reflects in her autobiography,
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shape the magazine throughout its fifteen-year run. 1915-1917, Harriet Dean was a fund raiser. In the early years,
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until 1921 when the Post Office seized copies of the magazine and refused to distribute them on the grounds that
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464:. Beyond Hemingway's work, the issue is noteworthy due to its inclusion of avant-garde French artists such as
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Pound/The Little Review, The
Letters of Ezra Pound to Margaret Anderson: The Little Review Correspondence.
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Pound/The Little Review, The
Letters of Ezra Pound to Margaret Anderson: The Little Review Correspondence.
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ended the magazine's run with “Confessions and Letters” from over fifty individuals in the arts, including
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One of a handful of issues published during the magazine's tenure in California, the September 1916
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is perhaps temperamentally closer to what I want done”. Pound became foreign editor in 1917.
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published a variety of literature, essays, and poetry. The magazine advocated themes like
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815:. Regional Oral History Office, The Bancroft Library, University of California, Berkeley
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Hoffman, Frederick J., Charles Allen, Carolyn F. Ulrich. (1946). “The Little Review.”
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s remarkable influence, an exhibition “Making No Compromise: Margaret Anderson and the
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979:. Eds. Irene Gammel and Suzanne Zelazo. Cambridge, Massachusetts: MIT Press, 2011, 27.
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The Public Face of Modernism: Little Magazine's, Audiences, and Reception, 1905-1920.
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as well its experimental front cover that reflected the tastes of editor Jane Heap.
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See the November 1916 issue for reader responses to the September 1916 issue at
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imaginatively as Mr. Bloom (in the "Nausicaa" episode)--and no one is corrupted.
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Body Sweats: The Uncensored Writings of Elsa Baroness von Freytag-Loringhoven
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Tashjian, Dickran. (1998). “From Anarchy to Group Force: The Social Text of
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http://modjourn.org/render.php?view=mjp_object&id=LittleReviewCollection
725:""Determined and Bigoted Feminists": Women, Magazines and Popular Modernism"
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Gammel, Irene and Suzanne Zelazo. “The First American Dada: Introduction.”
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was published, for a while, in San Francisco (after Chicago, for a while,
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in 1914 during the Chicago Literary Renaissance, naming it in honor of the
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at the gateway page for the Modernist Journals Project’s digital edition.
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True to its four pronged goal to publish "Literature, Drama, Music, Art",
39:, published literary and art work from 1914 to May 1929. With the help of
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approached Anderson in late 1916 to help with the magazine, explaining, “
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My Thirty Years’ War: The Autobiography, Beginnings and Battles to 1930.
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My Thirty Years’ War: The Autobiography, Beginnings and Battles to 1930.
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Florence Reynolds collection related to Jane Heap and The Little Review
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347:
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215:. As a result, the magazine, Anderson, and Heap went to trial over the
809:"San Francisco Bay Area Writers and Artists, Elsie Whitaker Martinez"
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Though the April 1920 issue instigated the famous obscenity trial of
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and met Pound and other literary expatriates during the trip. While
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snaccooperative.org - Sources - Social Networks and Archival Context
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Elsa: Gender, Dada, and Everyday Modernity. A Cultural Biography
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Defunct visual arts magazines published in the United States
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Celebrating the life and work of Margaret Anderson and the
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Beyond Imagining: Margaret Anderson and the "Little Review"
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Defunct literary magazines published in the United States
1197:. Cambridge, Massachusetts: MIT Press, 2002. Pg. 238-261.
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Beyond Imagining: Margaret Anderson and the Little Review
1286:(Scanned copies of original editions from 1914 to 1922).
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Mary Biggs (January 1983). "Women's Literary Journals".
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Scott, Thomas L. and Melvin J. Friedman, eds. (1988).
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Ed. Naomi Sawelson-Gorse. Cambridge: MIT P. pg. 262-91
331:, several other issues gained the magazine notoriety.
1173:— On Exhibition at The Beinecke Library, October 2006
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Scott, Thomas L. and Melvin J. Friedman, eds. (1988).
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The Library Quarterly: Information, Community, Policy
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Between 1925 and 1929, Heap, as the new editor, made
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motto, “Making No Compromise with the Public Taste”.
1347:Quarterly magazines published in the United States
1225:Women in Dada: Essays on Sex, Gender and Identity.
1203:The Little Magazine: A History and a Bibliography.
951:Baroness Elsa: Gender, Dada and Everyday Modernity
257:Although the obscenity trial was ostensibly about
953:. Cambridge, Massachusetts: MIT Press, 2002, 253.
768:Anderson, Margaret. (March 1914). “Announcement”
1169:Making No Compromise: Margaret Anderson and the
727:. In Astradur Eysteinsson; Vivian Liska (eds.).
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244:, who initiated the suppression, Heap wrote of
240:. In response to John Summer, Secretary of the
191:Obscenity trial of Ulysses in The Little Review
63:. The magazine's most well known work was the
236:, whose book was titled based on a quote from
178:, then Margaret C. Anderson took it to Paris.
8:
1337:Defunct magazines published in New York City
1208:Morrisson, Mark. (2001). “Youth in Public:
933:Cardozo Arts & Entertainment Law Journal
242:New York Society for the Suppression of Vice
1302:Special Collections, University of Delaware
807:Baum, Willa K; Walker, Franklin Dickerson.
633:Academy Award for Documentary Short Subject
496:. The questionnaire, primarily designed by
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906:, "Book Review: To 'Deprave and Corrupt':
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825:Martinez, Elsie, 1890-1984, Interviewee
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564:(under the pseudonym "Frances Trevor")
290:In 1923, Anderson and Heap traveled to
1332:Defunct magazines published in Chicago
1216:Madison: U of Wisconsin P. pg. 133-66.
1042:Scholes, Robert. Short Description of
910:", 38 N.Y.L. Sch. L. Rev. 401 (1993);
195:The magazine serialized James Joyce's
424:Oscar Wilde: His Life and Confessions
374:May 1914 issue (Emma Goldman Scandal)
267:Baroness Elsa von Freytag-Loringhoven
7:
1212:and Commercial Culture in Chicago.”
757:Too Late to Lament: An Autobiography
664:, in October 2006 for three months.
1205:Princeton: Princeton UP. pg. 52-66.
936:, v.9, pp. 387-391 (July 10, 1991).
631:The magazine was the subject of an
1244:Anderson, Margaret, ed. (1969).
1190:and Its Dada Fuse, 1918 to 1921.”
949:and Its Dada Fuse, 1918 to 1921.”
398:The daily activities of the editor
390:Blank pages issue (September 1916)
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759:. London, Gollanez, 1955. p. 128.
733:John Benjamins Publishing Company
354:, and literary pieces written by
302:and Anderson remained in Europe.
269:. Heap championed the Baroness's
1327:Magazines disestablished in 1929
1291:Little Review Records, 1914-1964
1237:Anderson, Margaret, ed. (1953).
1114:jh (December 1919). "Masthead".
1074:Goldman, Emma. “Questionnaire.”
891:New York: New Directions. pg. 6.
1154:Margaret Anderson -Bibliography
1087:Anderson, Margaret. Editorial.
731:. Amsterdam; Philadelphia, PA:
1102:Sara Teasdale: Woman and Poet
642:(1991), by Wendy L. Weinberg.
346:'s experimental poetry called
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1322:Magazines established in 1914
321:Content and noteworthy issues
1239:The Little Review Anthology.
1021:New York: Horizon P. pg. 265
1017:Anderson, Margaret. (1969).
567:Elsa von Freytag-Loringhoven
430:Exiles’ number (Spring 1923)
232:by First Amendment attorney
84:Margaret Anderson conceived
261:, Irene Gammel argues that
226:The trial was discussed in
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1272:Modernist Journals Project
1241:New York: Hermitage House.
908:Girls Lean Back Everywhere
783:"Dean, Harriet, 1892-1964"
723:Elizabeth Majerus (2007).
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229:Girls Lean Back Everywhere
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55:printed early examples of
16:American literary magazine
1255:New York: New Directions.
147:Marin County, California
117:was a key figure during
1078:12.2 (May 1929): 36-37.
571:William Carlos Williams
219:questionable content.
94:Little Theatre Movement
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151:San Francisco Bay Area
90:Chicago Little Theatre
35:in Chicago's historic
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1248:New York: Horizon P.
1063:on the MJP’s website
638:documentary, titled,
504:Selected contributors
418:and a book review of
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203:continued to publish
914:, v.254, 898 (1992).
656:” was opened at the
315:My Thirty Years’ War
131:Margaret C. Anderson
199:starting in 1918.
182:Obscenity trial of
119:The Little Review’s
113:for a short time.
98:The Little Review’s
1181:Brief bibliography
480:The 1929 issue of
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145:, in southwestern
141:out of a ranch in
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869:. 20 January 1991
770:The Little Review
755:Browne, Maurice.
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59:artwork and
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1133:Overview -
873:4 September
847:4 September
819:4 September
792:4 September
688:(1): 1–25.
546:James Joyce
486:James Joyce
476:Final issue
461:in our time
416:World War I
342:as well as
246:James Joyce
31:founded by
26:avant-garde
1311:Categories
912:The Nation
668:References
550:Amy Lowell
534:T.S. Eliot
530:Floyd Dell
522:Hart Crane
494:Ezra Pound
356:Floyd Dell
344:Ezra Pound
286:Post-trial
221:John Quinn
157:Ezra Pound
143:Muir Woods
137:published
57:surrealist
49:modernists
45:Ezra Pound
1342:Modernism
962:Gammel, “
772:. pg. 1-2
729:Modernism
710:144524844
636:nominated
599:Max Ernst
498:Jane Heap
352:Nietzsche
238:Jane Heap
170:moved to
166:In 1917,
149:, in the
135:Jane Heap
125:In 1916,
111:anarchism
109:and even
41:Jane Heap
1300:held by
1122:(8): 29.
1001:Gammel,
988:Gammel,"
863:"MARTIE"
627:In media
583:Hans Arp
554:Mina Loy
107:feminism
1270:at The
992:," 241.
966:," 246.
702:4307573
348:Imagism
340:anarchy
328:Ulysses
259:Ulysses
217:Ulysses
209:Ulysses
205:Ulysses
197:Ulysses
184:Ulysses
80:History
73:Ulysses
61:Dadaism
1137:(1994)
1005:, 258.
739:
708:
700:
578:In art
492:, and
454:, and
362:, and
706:S2CID
698:JSTOR
650:'
292:Paris
279:'
96:. In
1104:p122
875:2023
849:2023
821:2023
794:2023
737:ISBN
526:H.D.
468:and
456:H.D.
410:and
271:Dada
133:and
43:and
1282:at
1223:.”
690:doi
422:’s
248::
174:in
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