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psychiatric treatment for her daughter. She opted to endure rather than seek a cure. The doctor is exasperated by the mother's callousness. Hilda begins to report elaborate and bizarre dreams. She hints that a man is trying to abduct her. At thirteen she runs away and is found days later in Los
Angeles. Increasingly delusional and violent, the doctor advises the now-adolescent to be placed in an asylum. The mother refuses, content to play the martyr. Helen moves with her daughter and servants to a custom built house in Pastures of Heaven. Bert Munroe, inquisitive like the other locals, takes a walk to the new estate. He hears a girl screaming from a second floor window; she tells Bert she is being starved. He knocks on the front door to investigate, but is turned away repeatedly by the butler and returns home disgusted. When Helen is informed that a strange man has spoken to Hilda, she is alarmed. Helen discovers that Hilda has escaped from the house after nightfall. She removes a rifle from her husband's collection and ventures outside. She locates her daughter near a stream and murders her, later positioning the rifle to make the death appear as a suicide. No one, not even the family doctor, suspects Helen of homicide.
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after a day of shopping, she finds her older sister sullen and remote. Rosa confesses that she provided a sexual favor to a male customer simply for patronizing the establishment. The sisters weep and embrace. Maria, in solidarity with Rosa, declares that she too will likewise encourage the customers. The sisters together ask forgiveness from the Holy Virgin. Business improves among the male clientele. The cheerful sisters maintain the fiction that they operate a restaurant, not a bordello. Husbands keep mum, but the Lopez sisters are shunned by local wives. When Maria travels to town in her horse-drawn carriage, she encounters Allen
Hueneker. Short, ugly and ape-like, he suffers from low self-esteem; his wife dominates and disparages him. Allen accepts Maria's offer to take him to the bus stop. The pair are spotted by Mr. and Mrs. Bert Munroe. Bert jokingly reports the sighting to Mrs Hueneker. That evening Maria returns home to find Rosa in tears: the sheriff visited that afternoon and has shut down the restaurant, terming it a "bad house". Sobbing, Rosa announces she will move to San Francisco and become "a bad woman"; Maria pledges to join her.
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eccentricity, and a troubling one to many locals, is that he occasionally attends hangings at the San
Quentin as a guest of the warden. Bert Munroe and his family have recently occupied the old Banks property in the valley. A newcomer, Bert is deeply troubled when he learns of Banks' excursions. Bert begs Banks to procure a pass to accompany him to an execution. Banks is hesitant, but makes arrangements for them. Bert abruptly refuses the invitation: Banks is perplexed. Rather than simply decline, Bert proceeds to justify his distaste for executions, disgorging a bizarre childhood memory of witnessing an inept butchering of a chicken by a neighbor. He adds that he knew of a hanging in which the victim was decapitated. When Banks attempts to reassure him, Bert becomes almost hysterical in predicting the horrifying effects the experience would have on him and ridiculing Banks for lacking a heathy imagination. Banks, indignant, has nothing but contempt for Bert's outburst and departs. This personal attack has sickened him and he decides to cancel his trip to San Quentin.
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mother died after a protracted illness, and her father's whereabouts is now unknown. Molly considers herself an orphan. George Morgan's short, intermittent visits to the household loom large in Molly's perceptions of her father. She recalls him as a romantic figure, an adventurer, almost legendary in stature. He has not returned for years.The
Pastures of Heaven school board welcomes Molly as the new teacher. She has a rewarding teaching career ahead of her. Molly's vulnerability stems from her illusions regarding her father: she dreads abandoning her storybook illusions and admitting to herself his true character. When a member of the school board, Bert Munroe, begins publicly disparaging the drunken behavior of his recently hired ranch hand, Molly begins to panic: could this disreputable figure be her father? Declining to inquire as to the man's identity, the mere possibility that he might be George Morgan induces Molly to resign and flee the valley to avoid abandoning her illusions.
451:" attempts to seduce Alice at a local party and steals a kiss: gossip ensues. Shark flies into a near homicidal rage, suspecting his daughter has been deflowered. He advances on the Munroe home with a loaded rifle in search of Jimmie, but is intercepted by a deputy sheriff. Bert Munroe hysterically accuses Shark of attempted murder. The bond hearing reveals that Shark is virtually penniless, exposing the myth of his purported wealth and business acumen. Shattered and shamed, his wife finds a new strength in herself to face the family's disgrace. Shark rallies at Katherine's faith in his potential to be a genuine success. The family leaves the valley forever.
476:. Lacking any intimate human relationships, Tularecito comes to believe that these mythical beings are members of his own race. Wishing to assuage his loneliness, he embarks on a quest to discover the Gnome's cave-dwellings. His search leads him to Bert Munroe's orchard, where he begins digging a tunnel at the base of a peach tree. He returns the next day to find Bert filling in the hole. Infuriated, Tularecito beats Bert senseless with the shovel. When a group of local men arrive to investigate they subdue him after a violent struggle. Tularecito is committed to an asylum for the criminally insane.
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contact with the Munroe family. However, Pat's difficulty originates primarily from his own unhappy family history. Unable to forge an independent identity after the passing of his "hateful" parents, he remains a social outsider. His delusional fantasy that Mae Munroe might be his wife moves him to action: he vigorously dismantles the interior of the house that his domineering parents had occupied for decades, an act of liberation. When Mae is betrothed to another, Pat is doomed to revert to his former self, haunted by the ghosts of his mother and father.
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only outbursts occur when his handiwork is molested. Tularecito begins to attend school at age eleven. Though lacking any aptitude for reading and writing, he reveals an extraordinary talent for drawing highly naturalistic and accurate images of local animals on the chalkboard. When he finds his creations erased in the morning, he flies into a rage; the traumatized teacher resigns. A new instructor, Miss Morgan, recognizes
Tularecito's special needs and encourages them. She introduces him to fairy tales; he is particularly fascinated by the habits of
536:, one his father's favorite authors. The thematic center of the story is based in a line from Stevenson: "There is nothing so monstrous that we can believe it of ourselves." As such, Junius submits to the judgment of Mrs. Munroe and her "respectable" neighbors: Robbie must be saved from his own father's neglect. Shamed, Junius and Robbie are symbolically "evicted from the Garden of Eden." In 1936, Steinbeck retitled the story "Nothing So Monstrous" and added an epilogue in which father and son resume their idyllic life in the Pastures.
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Auxiliaries." Miss Morgan, the teacher, discovers that, though highly articulate, the boy does not know how to write. She is intrigued, and visits the Malby farm. Miss Morgan is charmed by Junius' erudition and eccentricities. The board notes Robbie's shabby overalls, and presents him with a charity gift of clothing: Robbie bolts from the room in anger and shame. Bert Munroe and his spouse compound the insult by visiting Junius and chastising him. Humiliated and stigmatized, father and son abandon the farm and move to the city.
434:. buys land and marries. His wife, a "religious fanatic and epileptic", bears a son: she is soon committed to an insane asylum. A succession of owners subsequently take possession of the parcel, each suffering a violent or mysterious fate. The Battle ranch earns a reputation as inherently evil. When Bert Munroe acquires the land, he and his young family appear to rehabilitate the reputation of the property among the community. Their very normalcy and innocence, however, portends a revival of the Battle ranch curse.
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expecting to produce a large family. Richard sires but one child, John. John, in turn, marries Willa and, again, produces only a son, William. Though the farm proves highly profitable and the
Whitesides are well-regarded in the community, Richard Whiteside's dynastic vision never materializes. The handsome house is accidentally burned to the ground during a prescribed burn, and his grandson William marries a local woman, Mae Munroe, and they move to the city.
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fall short of perversity. Bert Munroe, in contrast, has a lurid curiosity in hangings, but lacks the courage to witness them. Rather than paying Banks, Bert has an ulterior motive: "he quite deliberately sets out to destroy another man's illusions in order to protect his own." Steinbeck finds Banks' limited grasp of the enormity of death benign compared to Munroe's morbid fascination, which he conceals under his self-righteousness.
548:"The Lopez Sisters" lacks the "central irony" of the other stories in the cycle: the sisters have no expectation of harvesting the natural bounty of the Pastures. Bert Munroe's gratuitous "practical joke" precipitates their departure, but does nothing to undermine their self-delusions as prostitutes. The "light, humorous" and
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flight from the
Pastures indicates that "she knew new her father's real character." According to French, Bert Munroe's role is especially pernicious: "is crude humor becomes a cruel weapon" which leads to the departure "of an innocent, sensitive girl who is an unqualified asset to the community that loves her."
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The story is steeped in irony. Though lacking in empathy, Banks is neither cruel nor morbid: his desire to observe hangings is a vicarious means of experiencing profound emotion through the reactions of others who also witness the execution. This is indicative of "serious voids in his character" that
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Molly Morgan, just graduated from the teachers college, has arrived in the valley to interview for a position as a school teacher. Innocent and sensitive, Molly suffers from the effects of an impoverished childhood and the long absences of her much-beloved and alcoholic father, George Morgan. Molly's
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The 35-year old Junius Maltby, a bank clerk, moves to The
Pastures of Heaven and marries the widow from whom he rents a room on a small ranch. Junius proves to be utterly inept as a farmer, and after several years the property is in disrepair. Notwithstanding, he is entirely content to spend the day
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Edward "Shark" Wicks, his wife
Katherine and their daughter Alice subsist on a very modest income from their farm produce.. Alice is strikingly beautiful and innocent. Though never abusive, Shark secretly covets her as he would a valuable art object. Fearing suitors, he constantly inquires about her
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The revival of sinister effects of the ranch are foreshadowed in
Steinbeck's brief portraits of the Munroe family members. Now prosperous, Bert, his wife Mrs. Munroe and their teenage children, Mae and Jimmie, inadvertently intrude into the affairs of their neighbors. Community-minded and generally
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Hughes, 1987. p. 29: First ellipsis inserted, reads: "...nor an act which was not dictated by honorable expediency or out-and-out altruism." Second ellipsis: "...There have been two murders, a suicide, many quarrels and a great deal of unhappiness in the Pastures of Heaven, and all these things can
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but forms no intimate friendships. Pat produces fine crops, accumulating sizable savings. He resides alone in the farmhouse, limiting his living area to the kitchen - the rest of the rooms fall into disrepair. A homely and ill-educated man, Pat at 40 appears to be a confirmed bachelor. An enormous
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The prologue establishes the "ironic premise" that informs the subsequent stories. The Eden-like landscape is juxtaposed with the "misfortune and tragedy" suffered by subsequent inhabitants of the valley. Warren French writes: "he defeat of dreams established the pattern for the tales constituting
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Literary critic Richard S. Hughes praises the story for its "compact and tight organization…the narrative contains carefully-wrought imagery, reinforcing the mood of the various scenes." Pat Humbert, as one of the most vulnerable denizens of The Pasture of Heaven, finds his suffering compounded by
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country home: perhaps Mr. Humbert will allow her to see the interior. Undetected by the women, Pat overhears her. An obsession takes hold of him, and he begins to vigorously remodel the interior of the house in the Vermont style. He orders custom made facsimiles of Vermont furniture. Pat has vivid
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Raymond Banks owns and single-handedly operates the most admired farm in the valley. The farm is well-cultivated and his poultry operation clean and efficient. Community-minded and generous, he is particularly popular with the children, playing Santa Claus at the school Christmas parties. His only
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Helen Van Deventer, who suffers from mental illness—like her daughter Hilda—is distinguished from the intellectually deficient Tularecito in that she is immune from the consequences of his madness. Wealthy and intelligent, she indulges in sado-masochism and declines to relinquish it. Bert Munroe's
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Literary critic Robert S. Hughes, Jr. emphasizes that the Munroe family exerts a passive, but often decisive influence, serving as "the catalyst but not the true cause of the downfall of several of their unsuspecting neighbors." The collection is also marked by an adamant irony that appears in the
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in its "Shorter Notices" section (December 7, 1932) remarks on the dichotomous structure of the book - "Not really a novel, nor yet a book of short stories," - and classifies the stories as "sketches." Praising the collection's "excellent analytical narratives, written in supple prose," the review
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The chapter serves to bookend the collection: sightseers gaze longingly on the golden and fertile valley, each imagining the wonderful gifts it might hold for them. The reader is fully aware that the valley has been the site of "misfortune and tragedy." of which the tourists are utterly ignorant.
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pipe and its successive color transformations. In terms of the irony that Steinbeck's inserts into every story, the fiery inferno that consumes the Whiteside house is entirely predictable: "we are prepared for it from the very beginning of the tale." Hughes points out that, contrary to the other
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The adult daughters of Guiermo Lopez find themselves destitute after their father dies. They decide to open a small restaurant in their roadside house. Confidant of their culinary talents, they have high hopes of drawing a loyal clientele. Business languishes. When Maria returns to the restaurant
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Tularecito or "little frog" is a physically deformed man-child. Abandoned in infancy, he is raised by a local ranch owner. Even as a little boy he possesses immense physical strength. A superb farm worker, he is particularly skilled at caring for animals. He is normally passive and tractable: his
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The valley was for years known as a happy valley because of the unique harmony which existed among its twenty families. About ten years ago a new family moved in on one of the ranches. They were ordinary people, ill-educated but honest and as kindly as any. In fact in there whole history I cannot
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Richard Whiteside arrives in The Pastures of Heaven from New England after his father's estate burns down; he is determined to revive the family fortunes by establishing a "dynasty" in the Pastures of Heaven that will endure for many generations. He builds a grand house and marries Alicia, both
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The "well-made" plot offers a "composite picture" of Molly's painful and lonely youth, revealing her neurotic worship of a delinquent and alcoholic father. Molly's delusional, infantile fantasies concerning the absent George Morgan and terror at confronting the truth; more troubling because her
447:"condition" provoking exasperation in Katherine. Shark has cultivated a reputation among his neighbors as an investment wizard and a miser who conceals his riches. He maintains a make-believe ledger through which he "manages" his fortune. The seventeen-year-old Jimmie Munroe, styling himself a "
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When Robbie turns five, the school board demands he attend kindergarten, despite his father's objections. The children take note of the boy's ragged clothes and unkempt hair, but his openness and composure impress them. Intellectually precocious, Robbie organizes the younger boys into the "Boy
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fantasies of ushering Mae into the house and witnessing her delight. When Pat musters up enough courage to visit the Munroe home to invite Mae, he is informed by her father that she is engaged to a local boy, Bill Whiteside. Shattered by the news, Pat returns home and sleeps in the hay loft.
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Helen Van Deventer is a wealthy widow. Her husband was killed in a hunting accident. Pregnant, she gave birth to a daughter, Hilda, six months later. A sickly but pretty child, the girl began to exhibit violent, destructive tendencies in her infancy. The family doctor advised Helen to seek
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Pat Humbert, an only child, lives with his mother and father. Cruel taskmasters, they treat him more as a hired servant than a son. When Pat is thirty, they die. Finally free from parental tyranny, he seeks companionship in formal social activities: the school board, the
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closes with this caveat: "If Steinbeck could add social insight to his present equipment he would be a first-rate novelist." Literary critic Joseph R. McElrath, Jr. reports that the book "received a majority of positive reviews acknowledging the young writer's promise."
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Biographer Robert S. Hughes, Jr. ranks the Shark Wicks narrative among the finest in the collection. The brief, yet revealing emergence of Katherine Wick's sense of self in her husband's moment of truth is a key thematic element in the tale. Hughes cites this passage:
483:, with few exceptions, find the "little frog" socially repulsive. Miss Morgan is responsible for encouraging his futile search for allies that do not exist; the Munroes, in this instance, are not culpable. Critic French places Tularecito in the same category as
525:. Julius raises the child alone. Julius engages a German immigrant laborer; as lazy as his employer, the two men engage in endless philosophical discussions. The boy, Robbie, grows up half-wild but enjoys his father's affection and literary knowledge.
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640:(year)." Richard S. Hughes identifies four symbols associated with the Whiteside mansion: the white paint that perpetually covers the house; the New England style slate roof; the sitting room with its bookshelf containing the works of
351:, which suggests a celestial realm where the righteous dwell in perfect harmony. Ironically, Steinbeck's earthly "heaven" hosts nearly every conceivable human imperfection; consequently, discord spreads among the inhabitants.
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rose tree engulfs the farmhouse. Mrs. Munroe and her very pretty daughter, 20-year-old Mae, stroll by the property. Admiring the roses, Mae remarks that the farmhouse reminds her of a picture postcard of a lovely
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Hughes, 1989 pp. 90-119: Hughes analysis lists these by Chapters 1-11, with name of each key protagonist as title applied to each story. Prologue and Epilogue considered as Chapter 1 and Chapter 12 ("Conclusion")
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was conceived by Steinbeck as a short story cycle. The unifying device is the presence of a single family residing in the valley, the Munroes, who appear, often as a physical link, in all the tales.
203:, November 20, 1932, reports Steinbeck conveys "deep feeling for the tragedy implicit in each situation…his writing is noteworthy for originality of phrase and image and a strongly poetic feeling."
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find that they have committed a really malicious act...but about the Morans there was a flavor of evil. Everyone they came in contact with was injured. Every place they went dissension sprang up…
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Warren French suggests that the Wicks family "may have been served by the destruction of an illusion" thereby freeing Shark, Katherine and Alice from their stultifying existence in the valley.
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Suddenly the genius in Katherine became powerful and gushed in her body and flooded her. In a moment she knew what she was and what she could do. She was exultantly happy and beautiful.
266:(1935) are story-cycles not in the formal sense in that they incorporate anecdotes that can be separately read with pleasure into a loose framework that gives them additional meaning
418:; he vows to return and settle there. The corporal contracts syphilis from an Indian concubine and suffers slow death before he can fulfill his dream. The valley remains unclaimed.
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194:(November 26, 1932), praises Steinbeck for an aptitude that promises "richly human fiction" limited by merely "journalistic talent rather than of a creative imagination."
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Steinbeck completed the manuscript in December 1931.The publication of the book was complicated by a number of publisher bankruptcies. and was finally released by
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The stories are based largely on a local Salinas Valley family, the Morans, whose history and character Steinbeck knew well. The Morans appear as the 'Munroes" in
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French, 1975 p. 55-56: "That the name The Pastures of Heaven is ironic is stressed by both a prologue and an epilogue that frame the ten tales of valley life."
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552:-like quality lacks the tragic dimensions of the other stories. Originally part of a play "The Green Lady", Steinbeck intended to include the episode in
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of California colonial occupation in 1776, a Spanish corporal and his mounted troopers pursue and capture a group of Indians - fugitive slaves from the
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of the 1930s. The narratives place emphasis on the disparity between the aspirations of Steinbeck's protagonists and their "frustrating fulfillments."
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Literary critic Warren French notes the similarity of this "tragic theme of the destruction of the dream of founding a dynasty" with that of
318:(1938). As such, the tales which are simply presented numerically by Roman numerals, "can stand by themselves." as works of short fiction.
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Steinbeck, 1996: the story cycle has no table of contents; consists of twelve chapters, headed by roman numerals, i.e. I, II, III, IV…etc.
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As early as May, 1931 Steinbeck reported that he was at work on a "series of related stories." In a letter to his agent Mavis McIntosh at
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Hughes, 1989 p. 10: Compared to Sherwood Anderson here. And p. 69: The Pastures of Heaven "contains at least nine complete tales."
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Hughes, 1989 p. 109: The sister "delude themselves" as to their actual vocation. And: Bert Munroe's "perverted sense of humor."
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693:, in June 2010. The script was by Octavio Solis, and it was directed by California Shakespeare Theater's artistic director
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well-meaning, their behavior is frequently destabilizing and destructive to the most vulnerable residents of the valley.
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the book, which become - through the presence of the Munroe family - a novel than simply a collection of short stories."
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Hughes, 1989 p. 106: Steinbeck ended the epilogue with this: "I don't know that this is true. I only hope to God it is."
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1436:. 1979. "John Steinbeck: A Usable Concept of Naturalism from American Literary Naturalism: A Reassessment" (1975) in
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The idyllic valley was gradually occupied by settlers in the mid-19th century. George Battle, age 18, fleeing the
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The organization of the book's narrative into ten "chapters" has elicited commentary among critics. Biographer
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224:, Steinbeck wrote "the manuscript is made up of stories, each one complete in itself, having its
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reading histories and literature. Shortly after his wife gives birth to a son, she dies in the
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locates the key thematic element in "the heavy use of the kind of irony" that was encouraged by
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French, 1975 p. 58: Mrs. Munroe intones: "I think health is more important than his feelings."
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Hughes, 1989. p. 92: Hughes refers to the prologue as "chap. 1" and the epilogue as "chap. 12"
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This "episodic" collection is composed of 10 self-contained but related stories set in the
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stories in the cycle, the Whiteside tragedy requires no meddling from the Munroe family.
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138:. For clarity, the focal character is listed with the numerical section, as per Hughes.
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The epilogue balances the prologue, thus "completing the ironic frame of the volume."
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Hughes, 1989. p. 69: The Pastures of Heaven "contains at least nine complete tales."
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involvement in precipitating the murder is entirely coincidental, though decisive.
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Beyond the Red Pony: A Reader's Companion to Steinbeck's Complete Short Stories.
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Hughes, 1987: Chapter 2, pp. 29-51: Hughes presents stories in format used here.
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is a "novel" at all or simply a loosely related collection of short stories."
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The stories are presented here as per literary critics Richard. S. Hughes and
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The fate of gnome-like Tularecito is virtually preordained. The residents of
414:. En route, the corporal is enchanted by a lovely and verdant valley he dubs
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1499:. 1996. John Steinbeck: The Grapes of Wrath and Other Writings, 1936-1941.
689:(a company that stages short stories literally word for word) premiered in
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Martock, Melanie. "The Eden Myth as Paradox: An Allegorical Reading of
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Hughes, 1987. p. 1, p. 3: "...invites comparison" to Wineburg, Ohio.
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French, 1975 p. 56: "...connecting link…" provided by Munroe family.
325:" in which the stories may be "highly unified" as in his novel-like
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title itself, as well as the prologue and epilogue. Hughes writes:
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John Steinbeck: The Grapes of Wrath and Other Writings, 1936-1941.
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Hughes, 1987 p. 50: the pipe takes "precedence" as the key symbol.
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Hearle, Kevin. "The Pastures of Contested Pastoral Discourse."
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Hughes, 1987 p. 47: "...Banks is not a bad or immoral man."
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French, 1975 p. 75: See more on "story-cycle" significance.
126:(1938) as Steinbeck's major achievement in short fiction."
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DeMott, 1996 p. 901: Note on the Texts, letter to McIntosh
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may be classified with "short-story cycles" comparable to
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cycle and provide a "connecting link" for the narratives.
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Sea of Cortez: A Leisurely Journal of Travel and Research
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as a collection of short stories rather than a novella,
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1398:. Notes/Notes on the Text pp. 1051-1067.
1762:The Acts of King Arthur and His Noble Knights
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2126:Journal of a Novel: The East of Eden Letters
1477:John Steinbeck: A Study of the Short Fiction
971:be directly traced to the influence of the "
329:(1935), or only "loosely" associated, as in
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1746:The Short Reign of Pippin IV: A Fabrication
1196:Hughes, 1989 p. 110: See French, 1975 p. 45
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2282:Short story collections by John Steinbeck
1552:Winn, Harbour. "The Unity of Steinbeck's
1151:Hughes, 1989 p. 96, 106-107: Plot summary
952:Hughes, 1989. p. 92: italics in original.
371:In a May, 1931 letter to literary agent
16:1932 short story cycle by John Steinbeck
2234:An Impression of John Steinbeck: Writer
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2272:History of Monterey County, California
2178:Elaine Anderson Steinbeck (third wife)
2078:Bombs Away: The Story of a Bomber Team
1106:Hughes, 1989 pp. 103-106: Plot summary
347:The title's irony stems from the word
333:(1933) comprising only three stories.
120:is regarded by some critics "to rival
1465:, Mutuchen, New Jersey & London.
1438:John Steinbeck: Modern Critical Views
1205:Hughes, 1989 p. 111-113: Plot summary
294:As a series of "autonomous stories"
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1277:Hughes, 1989 p. 113-14: Plot summary
1061:Hughes, 1989 p. 99-100: Plot summary
687:Word for Word Performing Art Company
681:done as a collaboration between the
1286:Hughes, 1987 p. 47-48: Plot summary
730:French, 1975 p. 54: "episodic form"
1115:French, 1975 p. 57-58: Plot sketch
379:There is, about twelve miles from
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493:(1929) and Steinbeck's Lennie in
160:Chapter VII ("The Lopez Sisters")
130:Short story cycle: Chapters I-XII
2267:American short story collections
2162:John Steinbeck Short Story Award
154:Chapter V ("Helen Van Deventer")
2277:Short stories set in California
2203:Pacific Biological Laboratories
1187:Hughes, 1989 p. 109-110, p. 111
761:"ranks it as Steinbeck's best."
383:, a valley in the hills called
2094:The Log from the Sea of Cortez
683:California Shakespeare Theater
321:Steinbeck's fiction includes "
200:The New York Times Book Review
1:
1547:26.01-02 (Winter/Spring 1993)
1391:. 1996. Notes on the Text in
799:McElrath, Jr., 2009 p. 15-16
172:Chapter XI ("The Whitesides")
163:Chapter VIII ("Molly Morgan")
2257:1932 short story collections
2031:The Winter of Our Discontent
1754:The Winter of Our Discontent
166:Chapter IX ("Raymond Banks")
157:Chapter VI ("Julius Maltby")
145:Chapter II ("George Battle")
31:1932 first edition cover art
1561:22.03-04 (Summer/Fall 1989)
1475:Hughes, Richard. S.. 1989.
1458:Hughes, Richard. S.. 1987.
757:French, 1975 p. 54: Critic
558:(1933), but revised it for
397:Plot summaries and analysis
148:Chapter III ("Shark Wicks")
2298:
2262:20th-century short stories
523:Influenza pandemic of 1918
481:The Pastures of the Valley
2152:National Steinbeck Center
1509:Elaine Anderson Steinbeck
1483:, Boston, Massachusetts.
1419:, Boston, Massachusetts.
240:Brewer, Warren and Putnam
169:Chapter X ("Pat Humbert")
151:Chapter IV ("Tularecito")
101:Brewer, Warren and Putnam
41:Brewer, Warren and Putnam
24:
2223:Personal stamp (Pigasus)
1446:Chelsea House Publishers
1376:Hughes, 1989. p. 118-119
1043:Steinbeck, 1994 p. 32-33
817:McElrath, Jr., 2009 p xi
808:McElrath, Jr. 2009. p.18
790:McElrath, Jr. 2009. p.16
2188:John Steinbeck IV (son)
1313:Hughes, 1989 p. 114-115
1259:Hughes, 1989 p. 112-113
1214:Hughes, 1989 p. 112-113
1133:Hughes, 1989 p. 105-106
253:The Pastures of Heaven,
226:rise, climax and ending
197:Critic Anita Moffet in
20:The Pastures of Heaven
2228:Cathy Ames (character)
2183:Thomas Steinbeck (son)
1783:The Pastures of Heaven
1575:The Pastures of Heaven
1501:The Library of America
1396:The Library of America
1016:Hughes, 1989 pp. 94-96
679:The Pastures of Heaven
677:A stage adaptation of
534:Robert Louis Stevenson
532:Robbie is named after
490:The Sound and the Fury
461:
416:Las Pasturas del Cielo
394:
389:Las Paturas del Cielo.
353:
337:The Pastures of Heaven
296:The Pastures of Heaven
289:The Pastures of Heaven
280:
233:The Pastures of Heaven
186:The Pastures of Heaven
175:Chapter XII (Epilogue)
118:The Pastures of Heaven
89:The Pastures of Heaven
2118:America and Americans
1818:The Forgotten Village
1331:French, 1975 p. 61-62
1322:Hughes, 1987 p. 48-49
1295:Hughes, 1987 p. 48-49
1025:French, 1975 p. 57-58
989:Hughes, 1989 p. 92-93
980:Hughes, 1989 p. 90-91
898:French, 1975 p. 55-56
844:Hughes, 1987 p. 29-30
721:Hughes, 1989 p. 90-91
652:; and especially the
2193:Salinas boyhood home
2157:John Steinbeck Award
2134:Steinbeck in Vietnam
2110:Travels with Charley
2102:Once There Was a War
1991:La perla (The Pearl)
1485:G. K. Hall & Co.
1421:G. K. Hall & Co.
1268:Hughes, 1987 p.46-47
1223:Hughes, 1987 p.46=47
487:'s Benjy Compson in
142:Chapter I (Prologue)
2062:The Harvest Gypsies
1910:The Grapes of Wrath
1682:The Grapes of Wrath
1559:Steinbeck Quarterly
1545:Steinbeck Quarterly
1537:11.01 (Winter 1978)
1535:Steinbeck Quarterly
1463:The Scarecrow Press
1358:Hughes, 1989 p. 116
1340:Hughes, 1989 p. 117
1232:Hughes, 1989 p. 112
1178:Hughes, 1989 p. 106
1088:Hughes, 1989 p. 101
1070:Hughes, 1989 p. 101
943:Hughes, 1989. p. 91
934:Hughes, 1989. p. 91
925:Hughes, 1989. p. 90
853:DeMott, 1996 p. 901
748:Hughes, 1989. p. 89
712:DeMott, 1996 p. 901
222:McIntosh & Otis
21:
2236:(1969 documentary)
1530:Pastures of Heaven
1367:Hughes, 1987 p. 51
1304:French, 1975 p. 61
1250:French, 1975 p. 61
1169:Hughes, 1987 p. 43
1097:French, 1975 p. 57
1079:French, 1975 p. 60
1052:French, 1975 p. 60
1034:Hughes, 1987 p. 33
1007:French, 1979 p. 70
961:French, 1975 p. 55
889:French, 1875 p. 55
880:Hughes, 1987. p. 1
691:Orinda, California
323:short story cycles
270:.... — Biographer
246:Form and structure
2244:
2243:
2198:Monte Sereno home
2086:A Russian Journal
2049:
2048:
2039:In Dubious Battle
2018:(1981 miniseries)
1666:In Dubious Battle
1481:Twayne Publishers
1417:Twayne Publishers
638:Absalom, Absalom!
406:During the early
300:Sherwood Anderson
93:short story cycle
86:
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1983:The Moon Is Down
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1650:To a God Unknown
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555:To a God Unknown
485:William Faulkner
385:Corral de Tierra
315:The Unvanquished
310:William Faulkner
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108:Corral de Tierra
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60:Print (hardback)
48:Publication date
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1674:Of Mice and Men
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1523:Further reading
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191:Saturday Review
184:Characterizing
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123:The Long Valley
114:of California.
57:Media type
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1511:, consultant.
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2015:East of Eden
2013:
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1999:East of Eden
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1989:
1981:
1973:
1938:The Red Pony
1937:
1909:
1896:
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1850:Viva Zapata!
1848:
1842:The Red Pony
1840:
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1824:
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1773:Short story
1760:
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1730:East of Eden
1728:
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1642:The Red Pony
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1556:Community."
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1507:, notes and
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1448:, New York.
1442:Harold Bloom
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566:Chapter VIII
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2208:Ed Ricketts
2054:Non-fiction
2042:(2016 film)
2034:(1983 film)
2026:(1982 film)
2023:Cannery Row
2010:(1957 film)
2002:(1955 film)
1994:(1947 film)
1986:(1943 film)
1978:(1942 film)
1901:(2012 film)
1861:Adaptations
1810:Screenplays
1775:collections
1698:Cannery Row
1634:Cup of Gold
1624:Novels and
673:Adaptations
661:Chapter XII
603:Odd Fellows
540:Chapter VII
442:Chapter III
360:Biographer
260:(1933) and
2251:Categories
1928:2007 opera
1887:1969 opera
1580:Faded Page
1444:, editor.
654:Meerschaum
650:Thucidydes
624:Chapter XI
601:, and the
579:Chapter IX
550:Maupassant
516:Chapter VI
467:Chapter IV
426:Chapter II
308:(1919) or
216:Background
208:The Nation
1958:1973 film
1946:1949 film
1923:1988 play
1918:1940 film
1892:1992 film
1882:1939 film
1877:1937 play
1834:The Pearl
1714:The Pearl
1563:: 91–103.
701:Footnotes
642:Herodotus
592:Chapter X
503:Chapter V
402:Chapter I
180:Reception
103:in 1932.
81:471875236
37:Publisher
1826:Lifeboat
1626:novellas
1582:(Canada)
1554:Pastures
1549:: 38–45.
1440:. 1979,
1411:. 1975.
646:Xenophon
634:Faulkner
560:Pastures
499:(1937).
449:casanova
381:Monterey
110:of the
2171:Related
1539:: 6–15.
1383:Sources
613:Vermont
608:Banksia
278:(1975)
2218:(boat)
2145:Legacy
2137:(2012)
2129:(1969)
2121:(1966)
2113:(1962)
2105:(1958)
2097:(1951)
2089:(1948)
2081:(1942)
2073:(1941)
2065:(1936)
1853:(1952)
1845:(1949)
1837:(1947)
1829:(1944)
1821:(1941)
1802:(1938)
1794:(1935)
1786:(1932)
1765:(1976)
1757:(1961)
1749:(1957)
1741:(1954)
1733:(1952)
1725:(1950)
1717:(1947)
1709:(1947)
1701:(1945)
1693:(1942)
1685:(1939)
1677:(1937)
1669:(1936)
1661:(1935)
1653:(1933)
1645:(1933)
1637:(1929)
1515:
1490:
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1427:
1402:
648:, and
606:white
599:Masons
474:gnomes
349:heaven
268:
1967:Other
1951:score
356:Theme
91:is a
65:Pages
1513:ISBN
1488:ISBN
1467:ISBN
1450:ISBN
1425:ISBN
1400:ISBN
685:and
75:OCLC
1578:at
1532:."
636:'s
312:'s
302:'s
274:in
95:by
68:160
2253::
1503:,
1479:.
1423:.
1415:.
697:.
644:,
1609:e
1602:t
1595:v
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