453:
27:
322:
1986 p.115 "A pamphlet he wrote setting out the basic tenets of his philosophy, called The
Promised Key, is described as written by G. G. Maragh, and Robert Hill provides an explanation. He describes speaking to a Howellite: 'When we say Mr Howell,
248:
The pamphlet was published 1935 by the
Harding Commercial Printery, Kingston with a cover featuring two crossed keys and the name of the pamphlet's putative patron, "Dr. Nnamdi Azikiwe, Editor of the African Morning Post, Accra, Gold Coast."
340:"On the cover, under two crossed keys (a Masonic symbol), is the name of the pamphlet's putative patron, “Dr. Nnamdi Azikiwe, Editor of the African Morning Post, Accra, Gold Coast”—present-day Ghana. The work is credited to a “G. G. Maragh"
308:
Volumes 15-16 1982 "This second ritual identity was expressed through the use of the separate name, 'G.G. Maragh', which was the name Howell employed in his putative role as author of The
Promised Key.
534:
186:
163:
168:
666:
237:, and would soon be repatriated to Ethiopia. He soon attracted the attention of the colonial authorities, and was arrested in December 1934 for
253:
was the editor of that newspaper at that period, but whether he had encouraged the pamphlet in any way or this was a dedication is not known.
563:
384:
190:; for example, the slogan "Gross beauty is the Queen in hell" may be found in both works, as part of a general condemnation of western
689:
513:
110:
44:
558:
737:
91:
63:
48:
742:
202:
70:
630:
412:
732:
437:
273:
158:
77:
37:
661:
296:
1984 "Maragh, G. G. 1930? The
Promised Key, Kingston: Harding Commercial Printery (Dr. Nuamdi Azikiwe, Accra.)
59:
377:
452:
201:" were changed from Fitz Balintine Pettersburg and his wife, as in the Royal Parchment Scroll, to Emperor
656:
545:
694:
241:. In March 1935 he was sentenced to two years' imprisonment, during which time he apparently wrote
676:
589:
370:
138:
135:
625:
615:
84:
337:
210:
620:
198:
684:
610:
605:
584:
469:
250:
142:
264:, were burned. Howell was found dead under suspicious circumstances in February 1981.
726:
484:
432:
234:
709:
553:
506:
353:
479:
206:
26:
171:
language, long opaque abbreviations, and repetition, and some content from the
640:
635:
579:
417:
191:
527:
393:
173:
260:. In 1954, his commune was raided and much literature, including copies of
699:
238:
222:
209:. This was one of the key innovations of the Howellites, and is today an
294:
Rastafarian Music in
Contemporary Jamaica: A Study of Socio-religious..
256:
After he was released from imprisonment he published a newspaper called
157:
The tract bears some close similarities to an earlier (1926) writing by
230:
704:
427:
221:
In 1933, Howell started to preach that
Emperor Haile Selassie I of
500:
474:
442:
422:
366:
407:
334:
20:
451:
362:
145:, written under Howell's Hindu pen name G. G. Maragh (for
356:
by G.G. Maragh (The Rt. Hon. Leonard
Percival Howell)
675:
649:
598:
572:
544:
493:
462:
400:
51:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
378:
8:
385:
371:
363:
535:Royal Parchment Scroll of Black Supremacy
187:Royal Parchment Scroll of Black Supremacy
164:Royal Parchment Scroll of Black Supremacy
111:Learn how and when to remove this message
285:
197:Most significantly, the identities of "
7:
49:adding citations to reliable sources
14:
25:
514:My Life and Ethiopia's Progress
36:needs additional citations for
1:
233:, that Black people were the
184:were taken verbatim from the
16:1935 Rastafari movement tract
167:, but omitting much of the
759:
332:Stephen Davis, Helene Lee
274:Livity (spiritual concept)
199:King Alpha and Queen Omega
159:Fitz Balintine Pettersburg
449:
564:Twelve Tribes of Israel
169:stream of consciousness
738:1935 non-fiction books
690:Ethiopian Christianity
456:
455:
292:Yoshiko S. Nagashima
141:by Jamaican preacher
128:, sometimes known as
667:In the United States
45:improve this article
743:Tracts (literature)
695:Ites Gold and Green
657:Relation to Judaism
599:Notable individuals
457:
258:The People's Voice
136:Rastafari movement
60:"The Promised Key"
733:Rastafarian texts
720:
719:
626:Vernon Carrington
616:Archibald Dunkley
121:
120:
113:
95:
750:
521:The Promised Key
470:Haile Selassie I
387:
380:
373:
364:
354:The Promised Key
341:
330:
324:
316:
310:
303:
297:
290:
262:The Promised Key
243:The Promised Key
211:article of faith
182:The Promised Key
125:The Promised Key
116:
109:
105:
102:
96:
94:
53:
29:
21:
758:
757:
753:
752:
751:
749:
748:
747:
723:
722:
721:
716:
671:
645:
631:Charles Edwards
621:Mortimer Planno
594:
568:
540:
489:
463:Central figures
458:
447:
396:
391:
360:
350:
345:
344:
331:
327:
320:Black Heart Man
317:
313:
306:Jamaica Journal
304:
300:
291:
287:
282:
270:
219:
155:
131:The Promise Key
117:
106:
100:
97:
54:
52:
42:
30:
17:
12:
11:
5:
756:
754:
746:
745:
740:
735:
725:
724:
718:
717:
715:
714:
713:
712:
702:
697:
692:
687:
681:
679:
673:
672:
670:
669:
664:
659:
653:
651:
647:
646:
644:
643:
638:
633:
628:
623:
618:
613:
611:Joseph Hibbert
608:
606:Leonard Howell
602:
600:
596:
595:
593:
592:
587:
585:Grounation Day
582:
576:
574:
570:
569:
567:
566:
561:
556:
550:
548:
542:
541:
539:
538:
531:
524:
517:
510:
503:
497:
495:
494:Key scriptures
491:
490:
488:
487:
482:
477:
472:
466:
464:
460:
459:
450:
448:
446:
445:
440:
435:
430:
425:
420:
415:
410:
404:
402:
401:Main doctrines
398:
397:
392:
390:
389:
382:
375:
367:
358:
357:
349:
348:External links
346:
343:
342:
325:
318:Derek Bishton
311:
298:
284:
283:
281:
278:
277:
276:
269:
266:
251:Nnamdi Azikiwe
218:
215:
213:of Rastafari.
203:Haile Selassie
180:Some lines of
154:
151:
143:Leonard Howell
119:
118:
33:
31:
24:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
755:
744:
741:
739:
736:
734:
731:
730:
728:
711:
708:
707:
706:
703:
701:
698:
696:
693:
691:
688:
686:
683:
682:
680:
678:
674:
668:
665:
663:
660:
658:
655:
654:
652:
648:
642:
639:
637:
634:
632:
629:
627:
624:
622:
619:
617:
614:
612:
609:
607:
604:
603:
601:
597:
591:
588:
586:
583:
581:
578:
577:
575:
571:
565:
562:
560:
557:
555:
552:
551:
549:
547:
543:
537:
536:
532:
530:
529:
525:
523:
522:
518:
516:
515:
511:
509:
508:
504:
502:
499:
498:
496:
492:
486:
485:Marcus Garvey
483:
481:
478:
476:
473:
471:
468:
467:
465:
461:
454:
444:
441:
439:
436:
434:
433:Lion of Judah
431:
429:
426:
424:
421:
419:
416:
414:
411:
409:
406:
405:
403:
399:
395:
388:
383:
381:
376:
374:
369:
368:
365:
361:
355:
352:
351:
347:
339:
335:
329:
326:
321:
315:
312:
307:
302:
299:
295:
289:
286:
279:
275:
272:
271:
267:
265:
263:
259:
254:
252:
246:
244:
240:
236:
235:chosen people
232:
228:
224:
216:
214:
212:
208:
204:
200:
195:
193:
189:
188:
183:
178:
176:
175:
170:
166:
165:
160:
152:
150:
148:
144:
140:
137:
133:
132:
127:
126:
115:
112:
104:
93:
90:
86:
83:
79:
76:
72:
69:
65:
62: –
61:
57:
56:Find sources:
50:
46:
40:
39:
34:This article
32:
28:
23:
22:
19:
710:Roots reggae
554:Bobo Ashanti
533:
526:
520:
519:
512:
507:Kebra Nagast
505:
413:Cannabis use
359:
333:
328:
319:
314:
305:
301:
293:
288:
261:
257:
255:
247:
242:
226:
220:
205:and Empress
196:
185:
181:
179:
172:
162:
156:
146:
134:, is a 1935
130:
129:
124:
123:
122:
107:
98:
88:
81:
74:
67:
55:
43:Please help
38:verification
35:
18:
662:Persecution
480:Menen Asfaw
207:Menen Asfaw
727:Categories
641:Peter Tosh
636:Bob Marley
580:Shashamane
418:Dreadlocks
280:References
229:) was the
227:Ras Tafari
192:aesthetics
71:newspapers
590:Reasoning
573:Festivals
559:Nyabinghi
528:Holy Piby
394:Rastafari
174:Holy Piby
147:Gong Guru
101:June 2022
700:Rastacap
546:Mansions
268:See also
239:sedition
223:Ethiopia
685:Chalice
677:Related
650:Society
231:Messiah
217:History
153:Content
85:scholar
705:Reggae
438:Livity
428:Iyaric
161:, the
87:
80:
73:
66:
58:
501:Bible
475:Jesus
336:2012
139:tract
92:JSTOR
78:books
443:Zion
423:Ital
338:p.97
64:news
408:Jah
323:.."
149:).
47:by
729::
245:.
194:.
177:.
386:e
379:t
372:v
309:"
225:(
114:)
108:(
103:)
99:(
89:·
82:·
75:·
68:·
41:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
