101:. Among its findings were "Nearly six out of ten believe that smoking is hazardous to the non-smoker's health, up sharply over the last four years. More than two-thirds of non-smokers believe it, nearly half of all smokers believe it. This we see as the most dangerous development to the viability of the tobacco industry that has yet occurred." A 1985 meeting of the executive committee of the Tobacco Institute outlined plans to broaden the indoor air quality issue. In December 1987 the Tobacco Institute's executive committee discussed creating an industry-based Center for Indoor Air Research, intended to broaden the question of indoor air pollution beyond tobacco smoke. The CIAR was created in March 1988 by
64:. The TIRC work had been limited to attacking scientific studies that put tobacco in a bad light, and the Tobacco Institute had a broader mission to put out good news about tobacco, especially economic news. It also attacked scientific studies, although more by casting doubt on them rather than by rebutting them directly. It also lobbied Congress, although initially at a low level. Robert Hockett (first scientific director of
128:
The
Tobacco Institute ran advertisements and issued pamphlets for general readers. One advertisement consisted of facing two-page advertisements titled "A word to smokers (about nonsmokers and anti-smokers)" and "A word to nonsmokers (about smokers)." The ad encourages tolerance of smokers by
210:
In at least one case the
Tobacco Institute paid for an article to be written and placed in a major national magazine while keeping their involvement secret. The article, "To Smoke or Not to Smoke—That is still the Question" by Stanley Frank was published in the January 1968 issue of
85:
legislators. Allan M. Brandt wrote, "The
Tobacco Institute, on behalf of the companies, assembled an impressive record of derailing attempts to bring tobacco under any regulatory mandates whatsoever". By 1978 the Tobacco Institute had 70 lobbyists, and Senator
787:"Government Health Officials Involved in Efforts to Censor Dissenting Scientific Viewpoints; Tobacco Institute Demands Cabinet-Level Investigation; Accuses Officials of Abusing Science for Political Ends"
60:
by cigarette manufacturers, who funded it proportionally to each company's sales. It was initially to supplement the work of the
Tobacco Industry Research Committee (TIRC), which later became the
977:
992:
191:
A press release from the
Tobacco Institute attacked the 1986 Surgeon General's report on second-hand smoke, saying that the Surgeon General had distorted the evidence and that
486:"Sugar Industry Influence on the Scientific Agenda of the National Institute of Dental Research's 1971 National Caries Program: A Historical Analysis of Internal Documents"
180:. Many of these papers rebutted scientific reports critical of tobacco. The Tobacco Institute's response to such a report was rapid: a rebuttal was published to the 1979
1007:
387:
The
Tobacco Institute's headquarters were kept secret from everyone except its most senior members, hence there are no references to their location in this article.
389:
972:
199:
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to publicize the article and distribute one million copies of it. The story of the
Tobacco Institute's involvement was uncovered and published by
1002:
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348:
181:
247:
117:
45:
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made several jokes about the
Tobacco Institute in columns, mainly proposing that its scientists participate in dangerous activities.
129:
depicting smoking as a "personal choice" and a "small ritual". There was no mention of any health effects. An example pamphlet is
177:
176:
The
Tobacco Institute published a large number of lengthy "white papers". Scanned copies of many of these are available in the
297:
268:
251:
396:
273:
278:
98:
882:
461:
Ashes to Ashes: American's
Hundred-Year Cigarette War, the Public Health, and the Unabashed Triumph of Philip Morris
933:
255:
61:
192:
65:
239:
By the 1990s the Tobacco Institute had lost its preeminent role in tobacco lobbying to the market leader,
184:'s report on "Smoking and Health" one day before that report was issued. Another rebuttal was issued to
822:
737:
695:
653:
590:
547:
218:
81:
The Tobacco Institute collected intelligence on attitudes toward smoking, developed strategies, and
539:
339:
The Cigarette Century: the Rise, Fall and Deadly Persistence of the Product That Defined America
888:
768:
517:
464:
429:
344:
240:
153:
141:
102:
57:
536:"A Study of Public Attitudes Toward Cigarette Smoking and the Tobacco Industry in 1978, v. I"
90:
said in 1979, "Dollar for dollar they're probably the most effective lobby on Capitol Hill".
507:
497:
227:
44:, founded in 1958 by the American tobacco industry. It was dissolved in 1998 as part of the
38:
941:
835:
750:
708:
666:
603:
560:
243:, but continued to gather intelligence on anti-smoking sentiment and legislative actions.
213:
620:. University of California at San Francisco, Legacy Tobacco Documents Library. 1979-02-12
195:
was suppressing contrary scientific viewpoints. There was also a longer rebuttal paper.
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and Alfred Lowrey's report "A Quantitative Estimate of Nonsmokers' Lung Cancer Risk."
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35:
17:
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The institute also published newsletters aimed at physicians and dentists such as
502:
87:
41:
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The health consequences of involuntary smoking: a report of the Surgeon General
424:
Smoking and the Workplace: Issues and Answers for Human Resources Professionals
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807:
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722:
680:
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617:
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284:
772:
110:
521:
68:, a sugar-equivalent of TIRC) became TIRCs associate scientific director.
808:"Tobacco Smoke and the Nonsmoker: Scientific Integrity at the Crossroads"
202:'s 1993 report declaring tobacco smoke to be a Class A human carcinogen.
145:
82:
157:
959:(PDF) by Fred Panzer (Tobacco Institute vice-president) (1972-05-01)
484:
Kearns, Cristin E.; Glantz, Stanton A.; Schmidt, Laura A. (2015).
221:
to write the article, and the Tobacco Institute paid $ 500,000 to
116:
In 1990 the Tobacco Institute opposed federal regulations banning
395:. National Association of Attorneys General. 1998. Archived from
343:. New York: Basic Books, a member of the Perseus Books Group.
681:"Smoking and Health 1964–1979: The Continuing Controversy"
160:) that seems to have been aimed at a general audience.
639:"Answers to the Most Asked Questions about Cigarettes"
851:"To Smoke or Not to Smoke—That is Still the Question"
365:"Government lays out fraud case against Big Tobacco"
131:
Answers to the Most Asked Questions about Cigarettes
421:
336:
56:The Tobacco Institute was founded in 1958 as a
789:(Press release). Tobacco Institute. 1986-12-11
978:Trade associations based in the United States
909:"The truth about...True's Article on Smoking"
200:United States Environmental Protection Agency
8:
887:. Berkeley: University of California Press.
723:"Situation Report: Tobacco Smoke in the Air"
993:1998 disestablishments in the United States
881:; Peter Hanauer; Deborah E. Barnes (1996).
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1008:1958 establishments in the United States
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97:in 1978 to survey public attitudes on
934:Tobacco Seems To Be A Non-ethics Area
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198:The Tobacco Institute criticized the
27:American tobacco industry trade group
7:
973:Organizations disestablished in 1998
767:. U. S. Government Printing Office.
574:Kloepfer Jr., William (1985-04-10).
281:) as the Academy of Tobacco Studies.
248:Tobacco Master Settlement Agreement
118:smoking on domestic airline flights
46:Tobacco Master Settlement Agreement
267:Tobacco Institute was depicted in
217:magazine. Frank was paid $ 500 by
25:
983:Organizations established in 1958
303:Foundation for a Smoke-Free World
576:"Report on Public Smoking Issue"
178:Legacy Tobacco Documents Library
93:The Tobacco Institute hired the
849:Frank, Stanley (January 1968).
683:. Tobacco Institute. 1979-01-10
298:Center for Indoor Air Research
252:Center for Indoor Air Research
1:
1003:Tobacco industry associations
725:. Tobacco Institute. May 1985
390:"Master Settlement Agreement"
250:, the Tobacco Institute, the
998:Smoking in the United States
988:Tobacco in the United States
503:10.1371/journal.pmed.1001798
420:Timmins, William M. (1989).
256:Council for Tobacco Research
62:Council for Tobacco Research
463:. New York: Vintage Books.
99:environmental tobacco smoke
1024:
810:. Tobacco Institute. 1986
641:. Tobacco Institute. 1982
335:Brandt, Allan M. (2007).
193:Health and Human Services
66:Sugar Research Foundation
246:In 1998, as part of the
168:as "attack literature."
77:Lobbying and policy work
279:2005 movie made from it
32:Tobacco Institute, Inc.
830:Cite journal requires
745:Cite journal requires
703:Cite journal requires
661:Cite journal requires
598:Cite journal requires
555:Cite journal requires
219:Brown & Williamson
428:. New York: Praeger.
367:. CNN.com. 2004-09-21
274:Thank You For Smoking
18:The Tobacco Institute
915:: 336–339. June 1968
884:The Cigarette Papers
618:"A word to smokers"
578:. Tobacco Institute
269:Christopher Buckley
206:Stealthy techniques
148:) and a newsletter
957:The Roper proposal
540:Roper Organization
262:In popular culture
138:Tobacco and Health
95:Roper Organization
940:, June 19, 1988,
894:978-0-520-21372-2
470:978-0-375-70036-1
435:978-0-899-30423-6
350:978-0-465-07047-3
58:trade association
16:(Redirected from
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397:the original
369:. Retrieved
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542:. May 1978.
124:Advertising
88:Ted Kennedy
42:trade group
967:Categories
938:Dave Barry
919:2008-08-01
860:2008-07-30
814:2008-07-30
793:2008-07-30
729:2008-07-30
687:2008-07-30
645:2008-07-30
624:2008-07-30
582:2008-07-30
406:2024-03-27
371:2008-08-02
309:References
285:Dave Barry
254:, and the
72:Activities
111:Lorillard
773:14990774
522:25756179
459:(1997).
292:See also
146:48549026
52:Founding
513:4355299
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769:OCLC
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