Theodor Herzl - Knowledge (XXG)

1360: 1468: 672: 1019: 1160: 2025:"When we occupy the land, we shall bring immediate benefits to the state that receives us. We must expropriate gently the private property on the estates assigned to us. We shall try to spirit the penniless population across the border by procuring employment for it in the transit countries, while denying it any employment in our country. The property owners will come over to our side. Both the process of expropriation and the removal of the poor must be carried out discretely and circumspectly ... It goes without saying that we shall respectfully tolerate persons of other faiths and protect their property, their honor, and their freedom with the harshest means of coercion. This is another area in which we shall set the entire world a wonderful example ... Should there be many such immovable owners in individual areas , we shall simply leave them there and develop our commerce in the direction of other areas which belong to us," 4149:

daughters would be given in marriage to “vigorous young men” for the good of the state and the “self-fertilization of the nation.” A “well-run secret police” would ensure Herzl’s security. The Jewish state would be ruled by a Herzlian dynasty; his father Jakob would be the first senator of the Jewish state, and his son Hans would be its doge. Herzl envisioned a coronation ceremony with cuirassiers, artillery, and infantry, “marching in gold-studded gala uniforms.” “The doge himself will wear the garb of shame of a medieval ghetto Jew: the pointed hat, the yellow badge. ... Only inside the temple we wrap a princely cloak about his shoulders and place the crown on his head.” Herzl wept at the grandeur of his own vision and the prospect of crowning his own son as doge. “Love and kisses to my Father-King,” Herzl wrote in a telegram to his son on the little boy’s fourth birthday.'

1534:"A Jew remains a Jew, no matter how eagerly he may submit himself to the disciplines of his new religion, how humbly he may place the redeeming cross upon his shoulders for the sake of his former coreligionists, to save them from eternal damnation: a Jew remains a Jew ... I can't go on living. I have lost all trust in God. All my life I've tried to strive for the truth, and must admit today at the end of the road that there is nothing but disappointment. Tonight I have said Kaddish for my parents—and for myself, the last descendant of the family. There is nobody who will say Kaddish for me, who went out to find peace—and who may find peace soon ... My instinct has latterly gone all wrong, and I have made one of those irreparable mistakes, which stamp a whole life with failure. Then it is best to scrap it." 1632:

Herzl's grandson who wanted to say a few words. The introduction was made in an absolutely dry and official way. It was felt that the chairman looked for—and found—some stylistic formula which would satisfy the visitor without appearing too cordial to anybody among the audience. In spite of that there was a great thrill in the hall when Norman mounted on the platform of the praesidium. At that moment, Dr.Weizmann turned his back on the speaker and remained in this bodily and mental attitude until the guest had finished his speech." The 1945 article went on to note that Norman was snubbed by Weizmann and by some in Palestine during his visit because of ego, jealousy, vanity and their own personal ambitions. Brodetsky was Chaim Weizman's principal ally and supporter in Britain.

719:. Herzl was witness to mass rallies in Paris following the Dreyfus trial. There has been some controversy surrounding the impact that this event had on Herzl and his conversion to Zionism. Herzl himself stated that the Dreyfus case turned him into a Zionist and that he was particularly affected by chants of "Death to the Jews!" from the crowds. This had been the widely held belief for some time. However, some modern scholars now believe that – due to little mention of the Dreyfus affair in Herzl's earlier accounts and a seemingly contrary reference he made in them to shouts of "Death to the traitor!" – he may have exaggerated the influence it had on him in order to create further support for his goals. 784: 2436:"I flatter myself to think that I need not speak of my feelings towards Your people. As far as the Israelites are concerned , I really do regard them as relatives of us Arabs; for us they are cousins; we really do have the same father, Abraham, from whom we are also descended. There are a lot of affinities between the two races; we have almost the same language. Politically, moreover, I am convinced that the Jews and Arabs will do well to support each other if they are to resist the invaders of other races. It is these sentiments that put me at ease to speak frankly to You about the great question that is currently agitating your people. 1850:"We have sincerely tried everywhere to merge with the national communities in which we live, seeking only to preserve the faith of our fathers. It is not permitted us. In vain are we loyal patriots, sometimes superloyal; in vain do we make the same sacrifices of life and property as our fellow citizens; in vain do we strive to enhance the fame of our native lands in the arts and sciences, or her wealth by trade and commerce. In our native lands where we have lived for centuries we are still decried as aliens, often by men whose ancestors had not yet come at a time when Jewish sighs had long been heard in the country ..." 450: 1644: 3467:

given to Zionism, the movement for the return of the Jews to Palestine. The gain to this cause is the greater since it is immediate, but perhaps more important still is the wide political influence which this Imperial action is like to have. It has not been generally reported that when the Kaiser visited Constantinople, Dr. Herzl, the head of the Zionist movement, was there; again when the Kaiser entered Jerusalem, he found Dr.Herzl there. These were no mere coincidences, but the visible signs of accomplished facts." Herzl had achieved political legitimacy.

772:), which was published February 1896 to immediate acclaim and controversy. The book argued that the Jewish people should leave Europe for Palestine, their historic homeland. The Jews possessed a nationality; all they were missing was a nation and a state of their own. Only through a Jewish state could they avoid antisemitism, express their culture freely and practice their religion without hindrance. Herzl's ideas spread rapidly throughout the Jewish world and attracted international attention. Supporters of existing Zionist movements, such as the 671: 1476: 489: 1391: 1411: 908:, and the meeting became central to the eventual legitimization of Herzl and Zionism. Herzl later wrote in his diary, "Next we came to the heart of the business. I said to him: (Theodor Herzl to Rev. William Hechler) I must put myself into direct and publicly known relations with a responsible or non responsible ruler – that is, with a minister of state or a prince. Then the Jews will believe in me and follow me. The most suitable personage would be the German Kaiser." Hechler arranged an extended audience with 459: 2462:"The Zionist idea, of which I am the humble servant, has no hostile tendency toward the Ottoman Government, but quite to the contrary this movement is concerned with opening up new resources for the Ottoman Empire. In allowing immigration to a number of Jews bringing their intelligence, their financial acumen and their means of enterprise to the country, no one can doubt that the well-being of the entire country would be the happy result. It is necessary to understand this, and make it known to everybody. 1375: 1987:"It is founded on the ideas which are a common product of all civilized nations ... It would be immoral if we would exclude anyone, whatever his origin, his descent, or his religion, from participating in our achievements. For we stand on the shoulders of other civilized peoples ... What we own we owe to the preparatory work of other peoples. Therefore, we have to repay our debt. There is only one way to do it, the highest tolerance. Our motto must therefore be, now and ever: 'Man, you are my brother.'" 824: 1430: 1838:"The plan would seem mad enough if a single individual were to undertake it; but if many Jews simultaneously agree on it, it is entirely reasonable, and its achievement presents no difficulties worth mentioning. The idea depends only on the number of its adherents. Perhaps our ambitious young men, to whom every road of advancement is now closed, and for whom the Jewish state throws open a bright prospect of freedom, happiness, and honor, perhaps they will see to it that this idea is spread ..." 481: 1018: 5278: 1359: 2477:

worth three or four thousand francs will be very angry to see the price of his land rise in a short time, to see it rise five and ten times in value perhaps in a few months? Moreover, that will necessarily happen with the arrival of the Jews. That is what the indigenous population must realize, that they will gain excellent brothers as the Sultan will gain faithful and good subjects who will make this province flourish-this province which is their historic homeland."

1527:, submitted to circumcision on 29 May 1905; he subsequently converted, resenting the way he had been persuaded to be circumcised, and became successively a Baptist, then a Catholic, and flirted with other Protestant denominations. He sought a personal salvation for his own religious needs and a universal solution, as had his father, to Jewish suffering caused by antisemitism. Hans shot himself to death on the day of his sister Paulina's funeral; he was 39 years old. 1499:'s 1857 work prescribing the "return of the Jews to the Holy Land and renewed glory of Jerusalem." Contemporary scholars conclude that Herzl's own implementation of modern Zionism was undoubtedly influenced by that relationship. Herzl's grandparents' graves in Semlin can still be visited. Alkalai himself witnessed the rebirth of Serbia from Ottoman rule in the early and mid-19th century and was inspired by the Serbian uprising and subsequent re-creation of Serbia. 801:"The Jewish question persists wherever Jews live in appreciable numbers. Wherever it does not exist, it is brought in together with Jewish immigrants. We are naturally drawn into those places where we are not persecuted, and our appearance there gives rise to persecution. This is the case, and will inevitably be so, everywhere, even in highly civilised countries—see, for instance, France—so long as the Jewish question is not solved on the political level." 1568:(1918–1946), was sent for his safety to England in 1935 to the Viennese Zionists and the Zionist Executive in Israel based there . The Neumanns deeply feared for the safety of their only child as violent Austrian antisemitism expanded. In England he read extensively about his grandfather. Zionism had not been a significant part of his background in Austria, but Stephan became an ardent Zionist, was the only descendant of Theodor Herzl to have become one. 278: 684: 1774: 1835:"The decisive factor is our propelling force. And what is that force? The plight of the Jews ... I am profoundly convinced that I am right, though I doubt whether I shall live to see myself proved so. Those who today inaugurate this movement are unlikely to live to see its glorious culmination. But the very inauguration is enough to inspire in them a high pride and the joy of an inner liberation of their existence ..." 1484: 1467: 1677: 1862:"Let me repeat once more my opening words: The Jews who will it shall achieve their State. We shall live at last as free men on our own soil, and in our own homes peacefully die. The world will be liberated by our freedom, enriched by our wealth, magnified by our greatness. And whatever we attempt there for our own benefit will redound mightily and beneficially to the good of all mankind." 5297: 1266:(Basel, August 1903), where a majority (295:178, 98 abstentions) agreed to investigating this offer. The proposal faced strong opposition particularly from the Russian delegation who stormed out of the meeting. In 1905 the 7th Zionist Congress, after investigations, decided to decline the British offer and firmly committed itself to a Jewish homeland in Palestine. A 68: 2077: 1790: 1841:"It depends on the Jews themselves whether this political document remains for the present a political romance. If this generation is too dull to understand it rightly, a future, finer, more advanced generation will arise to comprehend it. The Jews who will try it shall achieve their State; and they will deserve it ..." 1844:"I consider the Jewish question neither a social nor a religious one, even though it sometimes takes these and other forms. It is a national question, and to solve it we must first of all establish it as an international political problem to be discussed and settled by the civilized nations of the world in council. 957:. Herzl presented his proposal to the Grand Vizier: the Jews would pay the Turkish foreign debt and help Turkey regain its financial footing in return for Palestine as a Jewish homeland. Prior to leaving Istanbul, 29 June 1896, Herzl was granted a symbolic medal of honor. The medal, the "Commander's Cross of the 3466:

Friday 18 November 1898 "An Eastern Surprise: Important Result of the Kaiser's Tour: Sultan and Emperor Agreed in Palestine: Benevolent Sanction Given to the Zionist Movement One of the most important results, if not the most important, of the Kaiser's visit to Palestine is the immense impetus it has

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But no one thinks of ever touching those. As I have said and written many times: These places have lost forever the faculty of belonging exclusively to one faith, to one race or to one people. The Holy Places are and will remain holy for all the world, for the Moslems as for the Christians as for the

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Herzl also envisioned the future Jewish state to be a "third way" between capitalism and socialism, with a developed welfare program and public ownership of the main natural resources. Industry, agriculture and trade were organized on a cooperative basis. Along with many other progressive Jews of the

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Weizmann secured for Norman a desirable but minor position with the British Economic and Scientific Mission in Washington, D.C. In late August 1946, shortly after arriving in Washington, he learned that his family had perished. Norman had re-established contact with his old nanny in Vienna, Wuth, who

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Kaiser Wilhelm II had assured Herzl of his support for the Jewish protectorate under Germany when they had met privately in Istanbul a week earlier. By the time of their public meetings at Mikveh Israel and Jerusalem, the Kaiser had changed his mind. Herzl had thought he had failed. In the eyes

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You see another difficulty, Excellency, in the existence of the non-Jewish population in Palestine. But who would think of sending them away? It is their well-being, their individual wealth which we will increase by bringing in our own. Do you think that an Arab who owns land or a house in Palestine

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and to believe that the Jews must remove themselves from Europe. Herzl grew to believe that antisemitism could not be defeated or cured, only avoided, and that the only way to avoid it was the establishment of a Jewish state. In June 1895, he wrote in his diary: "In Paris, as I have said, I achieved

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You are well aware that I am talking about Zionism. The idea in itself is only natural, beautiful and just. Who can dispute the rights of the Jews to Palestine? My God, historically it is Your country! And what a marvellous spectacle it would be if the Jews, so gifted, were once again reconstituted

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In his novel, Herzl wrote about an electoral campaign in the new state. He directed his wrath against the nationalist party, which wished to make the Jews a privileged class in Palestine. Herzl regarded that as a betrayal of Zion, for Zion was identical to him with humanitarianism and tolerance—and

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His will stipulated that he should have the poorest-class funeral without speeches or flowers and he added, "I wish to be buried in the vault beside my father, and to lie there till the Jewish people shall take my remains to Israel." Nevertheless, some six thousand followed Herzl's hearse, and the

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will rise again. Let me repeat once more my opening words: The Jews who wish for a State will have it. We shall live at last as free men on our own soil, and die peacefully in our own homes. The world will be freed by our liberty, enriched by our wealth, magnified by our greatness. And whatever we

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As Your Excellency said very well in your letter to the Grand Rabbi, the Jews have no belligerent Power behind them, neither are they themselves of a warlike nature. They are a completely peaceful element, and very content if they are -left in peace. Therefore, there is absolutely nothing to fear

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Unfortunately, the destinies of nations are not governed solely by these abstract conceptions, however pure, however noble they may be. We must reckon with reality, with established facts, with force, yes with the brutal force of circumstances. But the reality is that Palestine is now an integral

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We must expropriate gently the private property on the estates assigned to us. We shall try to spirit the penniless population across the border by procuring employment for it in the transit countries, while denying it employment in our own country The property owners will come over to our side.

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is a Haifa engineer, Reshid Bey, who is one of the leaders of the "New Society." He is very grateful to his Jewish neighbors for improving the economic condition of Palestine and sees no cause for conflict. All non-Jews have equal rights, and an attempt by a fanatical rabbi to disenfranchise the

1147:, a call for attention to their plight. Herzl's vision was less about mental states of Jewry, and more about delivering prescriptive answers about land. "The idea that I have developed is a very old one; it is the restoration of the Jewish State" was a follow-up of Pinsker's early weaker version 757:. Herzl claimed that these pamphlets resulted in the establishment of the Zionist Movement, and they did play a large role in the movement's rise and success. His testimony before the British Royal Commission reflected his fundamental, romantic liberal view on life as the 'Problem of the Jews .' 731:

in Vienna in 1895 that seems to have had a greater effect on Herzl, before the pro-Dreyfus campaign had fully emerged. It was at this time that Herzl wrote his play "The New Ghetto," which shows the ambivalence and lack of real security and equality of emancipated, well-to-do Jews in Vienna. The

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2020 p. 75: 'In the June diary entries, Herzl imagined himself as a great statesman, dictating terms to Hirsch and other wealthy Jews whom he had always envied and despised. He wrote that he would be an all-powerful leader and command unquestioning obedience in the future Jewish state. Bankers’

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deeply resented the sudden intrusion and reception of Norman when he arrived in Britain. Norman spoke to the Zionist conference in London. Haboker reported, "Something similar happened at the Zionist conference in London. The chairman suddenly announced to the meeting that in the hall there was

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Kahn showed the letter to Theodor Herzl and on 19 March 1899 Herzl replied to al-Khalidi arguing that both the Ottoman Empire and the non-Jewish population of Palestine would benefit from Jewish immigration. As to al-Khalidi concerns about the non-Jewish majority population of Palestine, Herzl

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in Washington, D.C. His tombstone read simply, 'Stephen Theodore Norman, Captain Royal Artillery British Army, Grandson of Theodor Herzl, 21 April 1918 – 26 November 1946.' Norman was the only descendant of Herzl to have been a Zionist, been to Palestine and openly stated his desire to return.

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Jacques Kornberg claims that the Dreyfus influence was a myth that Herzl did not feel necessary to deflate and that he also believed that Dreyfus was guilty. Another modern claim is that, while upset by antisemitism evident in French society, Herzl, like most contemporary observers, initially

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of 29 June 1946, precluded that possibility: local military and police fanned out throughout the Mandate and arrested Jewish activists. About 2,700 individuals were arrested. On 2 July, Norman wrote to Mrs.Stybovitz-Kahn in Haifa. Her father, Jacob Kahn, had been a good friend of Herzl and a

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well-known Dutch banker before the war. Norman wrote, "I intend to go to Palestine on a long visit in the future, in fact as soon as passport & permit regulations permit. But the dreadful news of the last two days have done nothing to make this easier." He never did return to Palestine.

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which he contracted in 1880. Herzl had a strong attachment to his mother, who was unable to get along with his wife. These difficulties were increased by the political activities of his later years, in which his wife took little interest. Julie died in 1907, 3 years after Herzl, aged 39.

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devoted to Zionism. Herzl occupied his free time for three years in writing what he believed might be accomplished by 1923. Though the form is that of a romance, it is less a novel than a serious forecast of what could be done within one generation. The keynotes of the story are love of

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On 25 June 1889, he married Julie Naschauer, the 21-year-old daughter of a wealthy Jewish businessman in Vienna. The marriage was unhappy, although three children were born to it: Paulina, Hans and Margaritha (Trude). One of his biographers suggests that Herzl infected his wife with

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and detested them. Herzl was defiant of their social authority. He also shared Pinsker's pessimistic opinion that the Jews had no future in Europe; that they were too antisemitic to tolerate because each country in Europe had tried antisemitic assimilation. In Berlin they said

1048:, Switzerland. He was elected president of the Congress (a position he held until his death in 1904), and in 1898 he began a series of diplomatic initiatives to build support for a Jewish country. He was received by Wilhelm II on several occasions, one of them in 890:

immigrants, Herzl addressed a mass rally of thousands on 12 July 1896 and was received with acclaim. They granted Herzl the mandate of leadership for Zionism. Within six months this mandate had been expanded throughout Zionist Jewry: the Zionist movement grew rapidly.

2010:"Matters of faith were once and for all excluded from public influence ... Whether anyone sought religious devotion in the synagogue, in the church, in the mosque, in the art museum, or in a philharmonic concert, did not concern society. That was his private affair." 3552: 1853:"Oppression and persecution cannot exterminate us. No nation on earth has endured such struggles and sufferings as we have. Jew-baiting has merely winnowed out our weaklings; the strong among us defiantly return to their own whenever persecution breaks out ..." 2247: 1885:

and insistence upon the fact that the suggested changes in life are not utopian but to be brought about simply by grouping all the best efforts and ideals of every race and nation. Each such effort is quoted and referred to in such a manner as to show that

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By contrast, several months later ... Herzl was to offer a far different assessment of antisemitism in Austria, as a power and mainline movement on an upward course. Moreover, his fury over Austrian antisemitism had no parallel in his reaction to French

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in order to present his solution of a Jewish State to the Sultan directly. He failed to obtain an audience but did succeed in visiting a number of highly placed individuals, including the Grand Vizier, who received him as a journalist representing the

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which severely tarnished the public image of the sultan in Europe. He proposed that in exchange for Jewish settlement in Palestine, the Zionist movement could work to improve Abdul Hamid II's reputation and shore up the empire's finances.

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told him what happened. Norman became deeply depressed over the fate of his family and his inability to help the Jewish people "languishing" in the European camps. Unable to endure his suffering any further, he jumped to his death from the

571:, but did not succeed in the sciences and instead developed a growing enthusiasm for poetry and humanities. This passion later developed into a successful career in journalism and a less-celebrated pursuit of playwrighting. According to 1662:

The Stephen Norman garden on Mount Herzl in Jerusalem—the only memorial in the world to a Herzl other than Theodor Herzl—was dedicated on 2 May 2012 by the Jerusalem Foundation and the Jewish American Society for Historic Preservation.

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part of the Ottoman Empire and, what is more serious, it is inhabited by people other than only Israelites. This reality, these acquired facts, this brutal force of circumstances leave Zionism, geographically, no hope of realisation."

4279:'He told the curious fact that he had not been circumcised at birth but had undergone circumcision when he was 13 while he was living in London. He declared he resented this, which, he said antagonized him against the synagogue.' 752:

refused any publication of his Zionist political activities. A mental clash gripped Herzl, between the craving for literary success and a desire to act as a public figure. Around this time, Herzl started writing pamphlets about

1588:"to see what my grandfather had started." He wrote in his diary extensively about his trip. What most impressed him was the "look of freedom" on the faces of the children, which were not like the sallow look of those from the 1893:

Herzl envisioned a Jewish state that combined modern Jewish culture with the best of the European heritage. Thus a "Palace of Peace" would be built in Jerusalem to arbitrate international disputes, and at the same time the

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overdose. His only son Hans was given a secular upbringing and the Herzls refused to allow him to be circumcised. On Herzl's early death, after reportedly being pressured to do so by his Zionist caretakers, Hans, then a

1255:, minister of the interior, the latter placing on record the attitude of his government toward the Zionist movement. On that occasion Herzl submitted proposals for the amelioration of the Jewish position in Russia. 528:

lineage, predominantely through his paternal line and to a lesser extent through the maternal line, but there is no evidence for the claim of Sephardic origins. His father's family had migrated from Zimony (today

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replied rhetorically: "who would think of sending them away?" and concluded ambiguously that "If he (the Ottoman Sultan) will not accept it, we will search and, believe me, we will find elsewhere what we need."

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of antisemitism rather than France. In a much quoted aside he noted "If there is one thing I should like to be, it is a member of old Prussian nobility." Herzl appealed to the nobility of Jewish England—the

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Norman planned to return to Palestine following his military discharge. The Zionist Executive had worked for years through L. Lauterbach to get Norman to come to Palestine as a symbol of Herzl's returning.

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notes that this sentiment was penned 4 years after Herzl had confided to his diary the idea of spiriting away the population of whatever country was chosen for a future Jewish state to make way for Jews:

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thought, and the anti-Semitic environment in Europe out of which it emerged. He also perceived the danger Zionism could expose Jews to throughout the domains of the Ottoman Empire. According to scholars

5244: 985:, Al-Khalidi was prescient in predicting that, regardless of Jewish historic rights, given the geopolitical context, Zionism could stir an awakening of Arab nationalism uniting Christians and Muslims. 2625: 776:, immediately allied themselves with him, but he also encountered bitter opposition from members of the Orthodox community and those seeking to integrate in non-Jewish society. His notorious article 3083: 1549:. Burdened by the steep costs of hospitalizing Trude, who suffered from severe bouts of depressive illness that required repeated hospitalization, the Neumanns' financial life was precarious. The 4250: 1511:

Herzl imagined himself as a great statesman creating a dynasty for his family in Palestine once a Jewish state was established, where his father would be its foundational senator, and his son a

397:, Switzerland, and was elected president of the Zionist Organization. He began a series of diplomatic initiatives to build support for a Jewish state, appealing unsuccessfully to German emperor 597:

Hungarian Jews such as himself could shake off their "shameful Jewish characteristics" caused by long centuries of impoverishment and oppression, and become civilized Central Europeans, a true

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Herzl began to energetically promote his ideas, continually attracting supporters, Jewish and non-Jewish. According to Norman Rose, Herzl "mapped out for himself the role of martyr ... as the

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in Jerusalem on 2 November 1898. The English Zionist Federation, the local branch of the World Zionist Organization, was founded in 1899, after Herzl had established in Austria in 1897.

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Paulina and Hans had little contact with their young sister, "Trude" (Margarethe, 1893–1943). She married Richard Neumann, a man 17 years her elder. Neumann lost his fortune in the

4497: 4302: 1390: 1079:. Herzl's philosophical instruction highlighted the weaknesses and vulnerabilities. To Herzl each dictator or leader had a nationalistic identity, even down to the Irish from 428:, was met with strong opposition and ultimately rejected. Herzl died of a heart ailment in 1904 at the age of 44, and was buried in Vienna. In 1949, his remains were taken to 2029:

Herzl's draft of a charter for a Jewish-Ottoman Land Company (JOLC) gave the JOLC the right to obtain land in Palestine by giving its owners comparable land elsewhere in the

589:, whereby reading great works of literature by Goethe and Shakespeare could allow one to appreciate the beautiful things in life and thus become a morally better person (the 739:, Herzl was initially "fanatically devoted to the propagation of Jewish-German 'Liberal' assimilationist doctrine." However, Herzl came to reject his early ideas regarding 386:, in which he elaborated his visions of a Jewish homeland. His ideas attracted international attention and rapidly established Herzl as a major figure in the Jewish world. 5534: 5144: 4111:. p.2, Beilin also mentions Herzl “burdened with an unsuccessful marriage” and “his shaky relationship with his quarrelsome wife” (p.4) without suggesting any connection. 4385: 780:, published just after the first Zionist Congress, depicted Jews who oppose Zionism as constituting a despicable type of Jew and has often been described as antisemitic. 1285:, in the hope of convincing the Vatican at supporting the Zionist movement. Pius X was respectful towards Herzl, but resolutely refused to support Zionism in any way. 5134: 5308:"Text der Gesänge zu Des Teufels Weib : phantastisches Singspiel in 3 Acten und einem Vorspiel" by Theodor Herz and Adolf Müller Jr. in the Library of Congress 937:

that he "wrote what I had to say without knowing my predecessors, and it can be assumed that I would not have written it had I been familiar with the literature."

1123:. They were both well-known writers or 'men of letters'—imagination that engenders understanding. The correspondence to Hirsch, who had died in 1896, led nowhere. 5364: 1815:). The small book was initially published 14 February 1896, in Leipzig, Germany, and Vienna, Austria, by M. Breitenstein's Verlags-Buchhandlung. It is subtitled " 5387: 3231:

Chief Rabbi of Vienna, Moritz Gudemann, "Since the Destruction of the Second Temple, the Jews have ceased to be a political-national identity", from Gudemann,

5103: 2673: 2633: 1168: 917: 777: 1317:. Hans Herzl, then thirteen, who by his father's choice had not been circumcised at birth, and only did so later at the behest of Zionist leaders, read the 4188: 2052:—an ancient mound formed when a town is built on its own debris for thousands of years—of spring. The name was later applied to the new town built outside 972:, the chief rabbi of France, with the intention to reach Herzl and ask Zionists to leave the area of Palestine in peace. Al-Khalidi was very familiar with 748:

a freer attitude toward anti-semitism ... Above all, I recognized the emptiness and futility of trying to 'combat' anti-semitism." Herzl's editors at

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who was already independently funding the establishment of Jewish colonies in Ottoman Palestine, and to whom Herzl wrote a 65-page long pitch in 1895.

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Jerry Klinger, President of the Jewish American Society for Historic Preservation, was the principle organizer behind the five-year reburial effort.

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I went ... to the synagogue and found the services once again solemn and moving. Much reminded me of my youth and the Tabakgasse synagogue in Pest.

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Herzl's solution was the creation of a Jewish state. In the book he outlined his reasoning for the need to reestablish the historic Jewish state.

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on such matters, decreeing that as long as the Jews denied the divinity of Christ, the Catholics could not make a declaration in their favour.

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I was born in 1860 in Budapest in a house next to the synagogue where lately the rabbi denounced me from the pulpit in very sharp terms (...)

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onwards. He was drawn to the mawkishness of Judaism rendered distinctively as German. But he remained convinced that Germany was the centre

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Richard Greenberg, Washington Jewish Week, 27 June 2007, "Zionist set to come 'home': Herzl's grandson slated to be reburied in Israel"

3673: 95: 5539: 5494: 5392: 4753: 4717:'The Complete Diaries of Theodor Herzl', vol. 1 (New York: Herzl Press and Thomas Yoseloff, 1960), pp. 88, 90 hereafter Herzl diaries. 2799: 3838: 1183:, Israel. It was a brief but historic meeting. He had a second formal, public audience with the emperor at the latter's tent camp on 520:

family. He was the second child of Jeanette and Jakob Herzl, who were German-speaking, assimilated Jews. Herzl stated he was of both

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Jews. The universal peace which all men of good will ardently hope for will have its symbol in a brotherly union in the Holy Places.

2367: 1760: 1659:

On 5 December 2007, sixty-one years after his death, he was reburied with his family on Mt. Herzl, in the Plot for Zionist Leaders.

1637: 1210: 3882: 4637: 732:

protagonist is an assimilated Jewish lawyer who tries unsuccessfully to break through the social ghetto enforced on Western Jews.

548:

Herzl's father Jakob (1836–1902) was a highly successful businessman. He had a sister, Pauline, who was a year older; she died of

5524: 909: 723:

believed Dreyfus was guilty and only claimed to have been inspired by the affair years later when it had become an international

5464: 5372: 5113: 3147: 2017:

was written both for Jews and non-Jews: Herzl wanted to win over non-Jewish opinion for Zionism. When he was still thinking of

1220:, attempting to get his support for Jewish state. Then in 1903, Herzl attempted to obtain support for the Jewish homeland from 1175:, namely public world power recognition of himself and Zionism. Herzl and Wilhelm II first met publicly on 29 October, at 1101: 4605: 4382: 1194:

on Alien Immigration. His appearance brought him into close contact with members of the British government, particularly with

5549: 5484: 5449: 5190: 4366: 3960: 3270: 1698: 1694: 5255: 3620: 3526: 1741: 1258:

At the same time Joseph Chamberlain floated the idea of a Jewish Colony in what is now Kenya. The plan became known as the "

5207: 3725: 1643: 659:, and wrote several comedies and dramas for the Viennese stage. His early work did not focus on Jewish life. It was of the 5499: 1713: 1006:, who turned down Herzl's offer to consolidate the Ottoman debt in exchange for a charter allowing the Zionists access to 712: 612:. At the University of Vienna, Herzl studied law. As a young law student, Herzl became a member of the German nationalist 3493: 2574: 1906:, but there was respect for religion in the public sphere. He also assumed that many languages would be spoken, and that 4337: 3553:"MonBalagan - 1899 : 1er mars - Lettre de Youssouf Diya 'al-Khalidi à Herzl : première opposition au Sionisme" 3007: 2440:

as an independent nation, respected, happy, able to render services to poor humanity in the moral domain as in the past!

1436:

declaring the establishment of the State of Israel, in Tel Aviv, May 14, 1948, beneath a large portrait of Theodor Herzl

707:, a political scandal that divided the Third French Republic from 1894 until its resolution in 1906. It was a notorious 4862: 1940:

non-Jewish citizens of their rights fails in the election which is the center of the main political plot of the novel.

1609:

from the army in late spring 1946, without money or job and despondent about his future, Norman followed the advice of

1491:

Herzl's grandfathers, both of whom he knew, were more closely related to traditional Judaism than were his parents. In

5554: 5504: 5479: 5474: 5316: 5307: 3049: 1306: 1104:

in 1891 to encourage mass emigration of Russian Jews to North and South America, and would later be repurposed as the

4544: 1720: 4222: 1856:"Wherever we remain politically secure for any length of time, we assimilate. I think this is not praiseworthy ..." 449: 5564: 5519: 4427:

Haboker 26 October 1945. Document amongst the papers of Stephen Norman at the Central Zionist Archives in Jerusalem

4073: 2681: 2081: 1109: 553: 298: 1687: 5340: 4283: 2902:(in German). Vol. Band I: Politiker Teil 2:F-H. Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag C. Winter. pp. 317–318. 814:

attempt there to accomplish for our own welfare, will react powerfully and beneficially for the good of humanity.

5021:

Epstein, Joseph (Summer 2020), "The Moses of His Day: How Theodor Herzl became the unlikely father of Zionism,"

1475: 1313:

funeral was long and chaotic. Despite Herzl's request that no speeches be made, a brief eulogy was delivered by

998:

Both the process of expropriation and the removal of the poor must be carried out discreetly and circumspectly.'

5509: 5260: 4520: 3296: 3179:"Thus, for the time being, antisemitism is alien to the French people, and they are unable to comprehend it ... 3157: 2957: 2384: 1727: 1589: 1293:

Herzl did not live to see the rejection of the Uganda plan. At 5 p.m. 3 July 1904, in Edlach, a village inside

488: 421: 5191:

Literature by and about Theodor Herzl in University Library JCS Frankfurt am Main: Digital Collections Judaica

1832:"The idea I have developed in this pamphlet is an ancient one: It is the restoration of the Jewish State ..." 3389:(2001). "Zionist and Israeli Attitudes Toward the Armenian Genocide". In Bartov, Omer; Mack, Phyllis (eds.). 1518:

His daughter Paulina suffered from mental illness and drug addiction. She died in 1930 at the age of 40 of a

961:," was a public relations affirmation for Herzl and the Jewish world of the seriousness of the negotiations. 420:

on behalf of the British government. The proposal, which sought to create a temporary refuge for the Jews in

4791: 4100: 1983:, Herzl outlined his vision for a new Jewish state in Palestine. He summed up his vision of an open society: 1023: 4418:

Central Zionist Archives, Jerusalem, "Papers of Stephen Norman", 2 July 1946, letter to Mrs. Stybovitz-Kahn

5434: 5195: 2406: 1709: 1263: 1259: 1225: 1184: 1053: 1041: 887: 847: 823: 688: 406: 390: 2765: 5529: 4138: 1429: 1201:

through whom he negotiated with the Egyptian government for a charter for the settlement of the Jews in

958: 557: 1167:

Herzl visited Jerusalem for the first time in October 1898. He deliberately coordinated his visit with

832: 3649:. Ed. Michael Berenbaum and Fred Skolnik. 2nd ed. Vol. 9. Detroit: Macmillan Reference USA, 2007. 63. 2741: 480: 5444: 5439: 5333: 5175: 3605:

Schölch, Alexander (2005). "An Ottoman Bismarck from Jerusalem: Yusuf Diya' al-Khalidi (1842-1906)".

3153: 2974:

He received a doctorate in law in 1884 and worked for a short while in courts in Vienna and Salzburg.

1899: 1302: 1294: 1229: 879: 828: 692: 630: 564: 205: 117: 5139:

Penslar, Derek J. "Declarations of (In) Dependence: Tensions within Zionist Statecraft, 1896–1948."

4579: 5129:

Penslar, Derek Jonathan. "What’s love got to do with it? The emotional language of early Zionism."

3327: 2533: 2284: 1973: 1895: 1585: 1381: 920:. The meeting significantly advanced Herzl's and Zionism's legitimacy in Jewish and world opinion. 744: 740: 371: 133: 724: 537:), to Bohemia in 1739, where they were required to Germanize their family name Loebl (from Hebrew 5302: 5087: 5079: 5050: 5009: 2389: 2049: 1606: 1198: 1007: 851: 513: 417: 349: 306: 195: 5217: 4454: 458: 4409:

Central Zionist Archives-extensive documentary exchange between Lauterbach and Norman 1936–1946

3582:

The Hundred Years' War on Palestine: A History of Settler Colonialism and Resistance, 1917–2017

1301:, Theodor Herzl, having been diagnosed with a heart issue earlier in the year, died of cardiac 5273: 5151: 5001: 4923: 4899: 4877: 4839: 4829: 4450: 4225: 4192: 4183: 4163: 4141: 4104: 4077: 3994: 3964: 3938: 3904: 3770: 3585: 3499: 3426: 3394: 3316: 3300: 3274: 3265: 3161: 3129: 2990: 2961: 2903: 2866: 2845: 2710: 2480:

Excerpts from the letter from Theodor Herzl to Yusuf Diya-uddin al-Khalidi dated 19 March 1899

2261: 1969: 1957: 1252: 1097: 1089: 965: 647: 362: 4757: 3478: 2704: 5282: 5071: 5042: 4993: 3357: 2680:. Vol. 1 (2nd ed.). Detroit: Macmillan Reference. pp. 507–508. Archived from 2320: 2110: 1872: 1599: 1546: 1433: 1244: 1191: 1060: 1036: 982: 940:

In Istanbul, Ottoman Empire, 15 June 1896, Herzl saw an opportunity. With the assistance of

860: 294: 293:

Jewish journalist, lawyer, writer, playwright and political activist who was the father of

290: 241: 5020: 3753:

Herzl had written in his diary of the necessity for world power recognition. 11 March 1896"

2811: 2201:, drama in four acts, Vienna 1898. Herzl's only play with Jewish characters. Translated as 1734: 5224: 5211: 4501: 4445:"These Children Bore the Mark of Freedom", by Jerry Klinger, Theodor Herzl Foundation, in 4389: 4370: 4044: 3842: 3835: 2600: 2537: 2447:

Excerpts from the letter from Yusuf Diya al-Khalidi to Theodor Herzl, dated March 1, 1899.

2397: 2294: 2251: 2045: 1953: 1623: 1614: 1610: 1581: 1444: 1314: 1240: 1206: 1172: 1116: 934: 895: 875: 871: 840: 836: 425: 121: 99: 5229: 3957:

Zionism and the Fin de Siecle: Cosmopolitanism and Nationalism from Nordau to Jabotinsky,

3235:, (1897); M Graens, 'Jewry in Modern Period', in eds., Frankell & Zipperstein, p. 162 1495:(Zemlin), his grandfather Simon Loeb Herzl "had his hands on" one of the first copies of 1350:

and seven gold stars recalling Herzl's original proposal for a flag of the Jewish state.

1096:, later cabinet minister, to the Chief Rabbis of France and Vienna, the German financier 827:

Theodor Herzl (center) with a Zionist delegation in Jerusalem, 1898. From right to left:

560:, the inner city of the historical old town of Pest, in the eastern section of Budapest. 5239: 4683: 4027: 3982: 2104: 1228:. Palestine could offer a safe refuge for those fleeing persecution in Russia. Cardinal 683: 277: 17: 5264: 5199: 4938: 4869: 4727: 4645: 4601: 4493:

Jerry Klinger, "A Zionist who deserves to come home", Jerusalem Post, 12 February 2003

4238:

Princes Without a Home: Modern Zionism and the Strange Fate of Theodor Herzl's children

4015: 3261: 2509: 2299: 2099: 2030: 1965: 1960:, Herzl desired to enact the land reforms proposed by the American political economist 1949: 1806: 1780: 1773: 1628: 1565: 1554: 1339: 1093: 1003: 990: 978: 856: 809:

Therefore I believe that a wondrous generation of Jews will spring into existence. The

763: 704: 614: 517: 468: 402: 381: 353: 309:

in an effort to form a Jewish state. Due to his Zionist work, he is known in Hebrew as

5118:

Penslar, Derek Jonathan. "Herzl, Zionism and the Origins of Jewish Social Policy." in

3853:

Laqueur, Walter. The History of Zionism. London: Tauris Parke Paperbacks, 2003. p. 111

3450:, edited by Marvin Lowenthal, Gloucester, Massachusetts, Peter Smith Pub., 1978 p. 105 3073:, Vol. 52, No. 2 (Jun. 1980), pp. 226–252 Published by the University of Chicago Press 5428: 5170: 5091: 5054: 5013: 4129: 3726:"Theodor Herzl in Jerusalem, Just Prior to Meeting With German Emperor Wilhelm II..." 3008:"Theodor Herzl Signed Photograph, Basel, Switzerland | Shapell Manuscript Foundation" 2057: 2053: 2041: 1912: 1652: 1564:

At the request of his father Richard Neumann, Trude's son (Herzl's only grandchild),

1496: 1347: 1343: 1298: 1176: 949: 945: 736: 505: 410: 345: 91: 39: 31: 5234: 4281:'Hans Herzl, Son of Theodor Herzl, Commits Suicide After Funeral of Sister Paulina,' 2558: 1483: 948:émigré with political contacts in the Ottoman Court, Herzl attempted to meet Sultan 5377: 5250: 4615: 4093: 1961: 1945: 1573: 1561:. Her mother, who died in 1907, was cremated, and her ashes were lost by accident. 1512: 1248: 1233: 1217: 1076: 1072: 773: 708: 623: 622:("Honor, Freedom, Fatherland"). He later resigned in protest at the organisation's 576: 375: 4467: 4363: 3419:"Reverend William H. Hechler—The Christian minister who legitimized Theodor Herzl" 3267:

Unheroic Conduct: The Rise of Heterosexuality and the Invention of the Jewish Man,

2260:

Philosophical Stories (1900), ed. by Carsten Schmidt. new ed. Lexikus Publ. 2011,

1202: 1139:

in a well worn phrase. Herzl therefore advocated a mass exodus from Europe to the

370:

events in Vienna, he reached the conclusion that anti-Jewish sentiment would make

5312: 4823: 4133: 3955: 3624: 3530: 3291: 3206:

Royal Commission on Alien Immigration, 'Minutes of Evidence', 7 July 1902, p. 211

2244: 878:

bitterly opposed Herzl, but after Istanbul, Goldsmid agreed to support Herzl. In

5356: 5269: 5204: 3732: 1902:

principles. Herzl did not envision the Jewish inhabitants of the state as being

1676: 1569: 1397: 1331: 1274: 1221: 874:. In November 1895 they received him with curiosity, indifference and coldness. 867: 859:

harshly criticized this position, arguing that Herzl and other delegates of the

728: 433: 367: 142: 5029:

Friedman, Isaiah (2004). "Theodor Herzl: Political Activity and Achievements".

1976:—as they had in the Zionist movement from the Second Zionist Congress onwards. 1910:

would not be the main tongue. Proponents of a Jewish cultural rebirth, such as

5397: 4891: 3813: 3386: 3320: 2417: 1795: 1524: 1327: 1120: 1080: 1064: 969: 913: 660: 642: 638: 609: 568: 398: 5005: 4012:

Mystery solved: Missing Herzl Parochet found in the KKL-JNF House in Tel Aviv

3998: 3766:

Shattered Vessels: Memory, Identity, and Creation in the Work of David Shahar

2931: 1968:. He called his mixed economic model "Mutualism", a term derived from French 341:

and is officially referred to as "the spiritual father of the Jewish State".

167: 154: 5098:

Penslar, Derek J. "Herzl and the Palestinian Arabs: Myth and Counter-Myth."

5046: 4913: 4843: 4065: 2289: 2018: 1903: 1504: 1440: 1401: 1335: 1049: 1034:

In 1897, at considerable personal expense, he founded the Zionist newspaper

810: 572: 525: 521: 146: 4997: 2021:

as a possible venue for massive Jewish immigration, he wrote in his diary:

2002:

of the Zionist movement—the striving for a Jewish National Home in Israel.

645:, working as a journalist for a Viennese newspaper and a correspondent for 593:

theory tended to equate beauty with goodness). Herzl believed that through

374:

impossible, and that the only solution for Jews was the establishment of a

67: 4917: 2504: 2076: 1209:, adjoining southern Palestine. The project was blocked as impractical by 467:

Graves of Herzl's grandparents Simon (1797–1879) and Rivka (1798–1888) in

5291: 4515: 2085: 2065: 1558: 1539: 1451:) is an Israeli national holiday celebrated annually on the tenth of the 1278: 899: 675:

Herzl (seated in the middle) with members of the Zionist Organization in

652: 634: 552:

on 7 February 1878. Theodor lived with his family in a house next to the

509: 472: 227: 4704:

L.C.M. van der Hoeven Leonhard, 'Shlomo and David, Palestine, 1907', in

1572:

his name to Stephen Norman, during World War II, Norman enlisted in the

866:

Returning from Istanbul, Herzl traveled to London to report back to the

5083: 4610: 3249: 3066: 3032: 1789: 1701: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 1338:, which was named after him. The coffin was draped in a blue and white 1319: 973: 883: 716: 585: 2274:

Herzl, Theodor (1922): Theodor Herzls tagebücher, 1895–1904, Volume: 2

2271:

Herzl, Theodor (1922): Theodor Herzls tagebücher, 1895–1904, Volume: 1

1459:, to commemorate the life and vision of Zionist leader Theodor Herzl. 1270:—a homeland for the Jewish people in Palestine secured by public law. 850:

of the Jews." Herzl saw an opportunity in the mid-1890s anti-Armenian

4185:

Zeal for Zion: Christians, Jews, & the Idea of the Promised Land,

3214: 3212: 2183:, comedy in four acts, in co-authorship with H. Wittmann, Vienna 1890 2171:, comedy in four acts, in co-authorship with H. Wittmann, Vienna 1888 2061: 2036:

The name "Tel Aviv" was the title given to the Hebrew translation of

1999: 1907: 1519: 1452: 1366: 676: 605: 583:(cultured people) in Central Europe and embraced the German ideal of 549: 534: 429: 357: 302: 137: 4896:

Herzl, King of the Jews: A Psychoanalytic Biography of Theodor Herzl

4547:. Jewish American Society for Historic Preservation. 5 December 2007 4516:"Jerusalem Plans a Hero's Burial to Long Deceased Grandson of Herzl" 3244: 3039:, Vol. 32, No. 2 (Apr. 1970), pp. 101–110, Indiana University Press. 1171:

to secure what he thought had been prearranged with the aid of Rev.

912:, in April 1896. The Grand Duke was the uncle of the German Emperor 902:

minister to the British Embassy in Vienna. Hechler had read Herzl's

5287: 5075: 1584:. In late 1945 and early 1946 he took the opportunity to visit the 1309:: "Greet Palestine for me. I gave my heart's blood for my people." 870:, a proto-Zionist group of established English Jews led by Colonel 5122:

ed by Gideon Shimoni and Robert Wistrich (1999) pp. 215–226.

5038: 4362:

Herzl's children to be disinterred on Tuesday in Bordeaux, France

3326:, Vol. 16, No. 1 pp. 81–102 : 'To some contemporaries, including 2075: 1932: 1877: 1825:

proposed the structure and beliefs of what political Zionism was.

1788: 1772: 1642: 1550: 1492: 1482: 1474: 1466: 1428: 1190:

In 1902–03, Herzl was invited to give evidence before the British

1180: 1158: 1130:

had little to do with the Jews. Herzl was disliked by the bankers

1124: 1045: 1027: 1017: 941: 822: 782: 682: 670: 530: 487: 479: 394: 3359:

The Project Gutenberg eBook of The Jewish State, by Theodor Herzl

3321:"The Problem of ‘Jewish Self-Hatred’" in Herzl, Kraus and Kafka,' 2006:

that this was true in politics as well as religion. Herzl wrote:

5062:

Kornberg, Jacques (June 1980). "Theodor Herzl: A Reevaluation".

1928: 1882: 1456: 1282: 1108:

in 1924, and especially French philanthropist and art collector

1075:

had never yet read it, but was aware of the distant and far off

727:. Rather, it was the rise to power of the antisemitic demagogue 5329: 4943:

Theodor Herzl: A Biography of the Founder of the Modern Zionism

4251:"Einstein on Theodor Herzl's Son, Hans' Conversion and Suicide" 1542:, France, and reburied not far from their father on Mt. Herzl. 1063:

was pre-figured by a similar conclusion drawn by Marx's friend

360:, he became the Paris correspondent for the Viennese newspaper 5325: 4984:

Avineri, Shlomo (1999). "Herzl's Diaries as a Bildungsroman".

4828:(1st English-language ed.). New York: Arcade Publishing. 2359: 2350: 2338: 2153:, in four acts, Vienna 1885 (Later: "Austoben" by H. Jungmann) 1819:," ("Proposal of a modern solution for the Jewish question"). 1670: 1143:. Pinsker's manifesto was a cry for help; a warning to others 787:

Herzl on board a vessel reaching the shores of Palestine, 1898

4756:. The Department for Jewish Zionist Education. Archived from 3391:

In God's Name: Genocide and Religion in the Twentieth Century

4784:"Theodor Herzl: From the Theatre Stage to The Stage of Life" 4468:"Theodor Herzl's only grandson reinterred in J'lem cemetery" 3704:

Der Judenstaat: Versuch einer modernen Losung der Judenfrage

3128:, p. 94. Louisville. Kentucky: Westminster John Knox Press. 2329: 651:, in Paris, occasionally making special trips to London and 4874:

Herzl: Theodor Herzl and the Foundation of the Jewish State

4381:

Fulfilling Historical Justice: Herzl's Children Come Home,

3374:

A Senseless, Squalid War: Voices from Palestine, 1890s–1948

2542:

At his brit mila he was given the Hebrew name Binyamin Zeev

1330:, his remains were brought to Israel in 1949 and buried on 916:. Through the efforts of Hechler and the Grand Duke, Herzl 563:

In his youth, Herzl was aspired to follow the footsteps of

3330:, 'Mauschel' seemed like a piece of Jewish anti-Semitism.' 1149:

Mahnruf an seine Stammesgenossen von einem nassichen Juden

604:

In 1878, after Pauline's death, the Herzl family moved to

4303:"Crash Course in Jewish History Part 63 – Modern Zionism" 2670:

Theodor's father and grandfather were born in Zemun. See

1326:

First buried at the Viennese cemetery in the district of

492:

Herzl as a child with his mother Janet and sister Pauline

5108:

Penslar, Derek J. "Theodor Herzl, Race, and Empire." in

4825:

The imaginary voyage : with Theodor Herzl in Israel

4449:, a bi-monthly Jewish review, May/June 2007, pp. 21–24, 3706:(An Attempt at a Modern Solution to the Jewish Question) 3584:. New York: Metropolitan Books, Henry Holt and Company. 1647:

Stephen Norman garden marker at Mount Herzl in Jerusalem

1538:

In 2006 the remains of Paulina and Hans were moved from

5205:

Original Letters and Primary Sources from Theodor Herzl

4545:"Jewish-american-society-for-historic-preservation.org" 4495:

Crash Course in Jewish History Part 63 – Modern Zionism

2880: 2878: 1859:"Palestine is our unforgettable historic homeland ..." 1056:, enjoying a warm reception from many statesmen there. 5230:

Works by Herzl in German at German-language Wikisource

4466:

Anshel Pfeffer and Haaretz Service (5 December 2007).

3987:

S:I.M.O.N. Shoah: Intervention. Methods. Documentation

3715:

transl. A Russian Jew's urgent warning to his kinsfolk

1273:

On 26 January 1904, Herzl was received in audience by

863:"have sent their blessing to the worst of murderers." 5249:

The personal papers of Theodor Herzl are kept at the

3903:, pp. 400–401, New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston. 3126:

Approaches to Auschwitz: The Holocaust and Its Legacy

2575:"חוזה המדינה באנגלית | פירוש חוזה המדינה בעברית" 2368: 2356: 2335: 2411: 2353: 2332: 556:(formerly known as Tabakgasse Synagogue) located in 310: 5406: 5363: 3924:, Thursday, 7 July 1904; p. 10; Issue 37440; col B. 3674:"Herzl Imagines Der Jundenstaat — the Jewish State" 2900:

Biographisches Lexikon der Deutschen Burschenschaft

2844:, pp. 21–22, New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston. 2347: 2344: 2326: 2323: 270: 247: 236: 211: 201: 191: 183: 128: 106: 77: 49: 4728:"Theodor Herzl 1880-1889 | The Jewish Agency" 3124:Rubenstein, Richard L., and Roth, John K. (2003). 2800:"Herzl Speaks: His Mind on Issues, Events and Men" 2764: 2080:A plaque marking the birthplace of Theodor Herzl, 608:, Austria-Hungary, and lived in the 9th district, 4436:Central Zionist Archives, Jerusalem, August 1946, 3883:"THEODOR HERZL: Audience with Pope Pius X (1904)" 2626:"Declaration of Establishment of State of Israel" 1557:concentration camp where they died. Her body was 1530:Hans left a suicide note explaining his reasons. 715:army captain was falsely convicted of spying for 4212:(Garden City, New York: Doubleday, 1974), p. 202 4162:, p. 403, New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston. 3937:, p. 402, New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston. 3887:Council of Centers on Jewish-Christian Relations 3871:David Vital, A People and a State (1999), p. 448 3412: 3410: 1232:ordained that the Church's policy was explained 894:On 10 March 1896, Herzl was visited by Reverend 4970:The Labyrinth of Exile: A Life of Theodor Herzl 2865:, p. 23, New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston. 2676:. In Berenbaum, Michael; Skolnik, Fred (eds.). 807: 5303:Theodor Herzl Personal Manuscripts and Letters 4665: 4663: 4178: 4176: 504:in German), a street in the Jewish quarter of 27:Father of modern political Zionism (1860–1904) 5341: 5154:(2004). "Theodore Herzl et l'antisémitisme". 4338:"Manta – Rediscover America's Small Business" 3458: 3456: 1927:, Herzl did not foresee any conflict between 8: 5120:Theodor Herzl: Visionary of the Jewish State 3763:Ginsberg, Michael Peled; Ron, Moshe (2004). 3293:Theodor Herzl: From Assimilation to Zionism, 3222:. Boulder, CO: Westview, 2004. Print. p. 224 2459: 2433: 1820: 1817:Versuch einer modernen Lösung der Judenfrage 1804: 1778: 1396:Honor guards stand beside Herzl's coffin on 1040:in Vienna, Austria-Hungary, and planned the 933:. Herzl had earlier confessed to his friend 924: 903: 792: 761: 687:Theodor Herzl in Basel, photographed during 379: 316: 57: 4898:. Washington: University Press of America. 4400:Zionist Archives letters of Richard Neumann 4327:Princes Without a Home, by Isle Sternberger 3149:Theodor Herzl: From Assimilation to Zionism 2706:Theodor Herzl: From Assimilation to Zionism 2560:Theodor Herzl, founder of political Zionism 968:, the mayor of Jerusalem, sent a letter to 322: 5388:National Memorial Hall For Israel's Fallen 5348: 5334: 5326: 4777: 4775: 4669:'Zion & the Jewish National Idea', in 3836:Catholicism, France and Zionism: 1895–1904 1640:in Washington, D.C., on 26 November 1946. 663:order, descriptive rather than political. 66: 46: 5535:People associated with the Dreyfus affair 5235:Zionism and the creation of modern Israel 4296: 4294: 4292: 3050:"Did Dreyfus Affair Really Inspire Herzl? 2658: 1761:Learn how and when to remove this message 1106:Palestine Jewish Colonization Association 4922:. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston. 3799:Schneer, The Balfour Declaration, p. 111 2888:, New York: Vintage Books, 1998, p. 180. 2241:Theodor Herzl: Excerpts from His Diaries 1487:Herzl and his children on a trip in 1900 923:In May 1896, the English translation of 618:(fraternity) Albia, which had the motto 541:, 'heart') to Herzl (diminutive of Ger. 378:. In 1896, Herzl published the pamphlet 5313:Newspaper clippings about Theodor Herzl 3362:. 2 May 2008 – via gutenberg.org. 3033:"Theodor Herzl's Conversion to Zionism" 2898:Helge Dvorak (1999). "Herzl, Theodor". 2552: 2550: 2496: 2311: 1355: 5383:Monument to the children in Yad Vashem 4708:, 1971, W. Khalidi (ed.), pp. 118–119. 4569:. Boulder, CO: Westview, 2004. p. 223 4135:Theodor Herzl: The Charismatic Leader, 3769:. State University of New York Press. 3376:, The Bodley Head, London, 2009, p. 2) 2989:, (München 2001, DTV GmbH & Co. – 2829:A Man Alone: The Life of Theodor Herzl 1305:. A day before his death, he told the 1002:On 17 May 1901, Herzl met with Sultan 575:, as a young man, Herzl was an ardent 356:family. After a brief legal career in 337:. He is specifically mentioned in the 5251:Central Zionist Archives in Jerusalem 4876:. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. 4042:Theodor Herzl. Artist and Politician. 3575: 3573: 2646: 2383: 1621:, a Tel Aviv daily that later became 1416:Tomb of Herzl, Mount Herzl, Jerusalem 655:. He later became literary editor of 7: 5256:Famous Hungarian Jews: Herzl Tivadar 4961:Theodor Herzl. Artist and Politician 4098:Israel. A Concise Political History. 3645:Friedman, Isaiah. "Herzl, Theodor." 3393:. Berghahn Books. pp. 268–269. 3345:Israel and the Arab-Israeli Conflict 1803:Beginning in late 1895, Herzl wrote 1699:adding citations to reliable sources 918:publicly met Wilhelm II in 1898 819:Diplomatic liaison with the Ottomans 760:Beginning in late 1895, Herzl wrote 4567:A History of the Modern Middle East 4301:Rabbi Ken Spiro (2 February 2002). 3220:A History of the Modern Middle East 2401: 2159:, comedy in three acts, Vienna 1885 1448: 339:Israeli Declaration of Independence 317: 58: 5393:Victims of Acts of Terror Memorial 4514:Guttman, Nathan (29 August 2007). 3881:Herzl, Theodor (26 January 1904). 3810:Theodor Herzl: From Europe to Zion 2886:Anglomania: A European Love Affair 2763:Herzl, Theodor (14 January 1898). 2630:Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs 2532:Esor Ben-Sorek (18 October 2015). 2229:, drama in three acts, Vienna 1905 2217:, comedy in four acts, Vienna 1899 2211:, comedy in four acts, Vienna 1899 2189:, comedy in four acts, Vienna 1891 2177:, comedy in four acts, Vienna 1890 1964:. Specifically, they called for a 629:After a brief legal career in the 484:Herzl and his family, c. 1866–1873 289:(2 May 1860 – 3 July 1904) was an 25: 3152:. Jewish Literature and Culture. 2738:"Theodor Herzl – Background" 2534:"The Tragic Herzl Family History" 2100:The Jewish State (Der Judenstaat) 1992:"If you will it, it is no dream." 667:Zionist intellectual and activist 5460:Journalists from Austria-Hungary 5295: 5261:Theodor Herzl: Visions of Israel 2469:The question of the Holy Places? 2319: 2223:, comedy in one act, Vienna 1900 2195:, comedy in one act, Vienna 1895 2165:, comedy in one act, Vienna 1887 2147:, comedy in one act, Vienna 1884 2141:, comedy in one act, Vienna 1882 2135:, comedy in one act, Vienna 1880 2068:, was named in honour of Herzl. 2064:. The nearby city to the north, 1935:. One of the main characters in 1675: 1409: 1389: 1373: 1358: 1262:" and Herzl presented it to the 944:Philip Michael von Nevlinski, a 910:Frederick I, Grand Duke of Baden 579:who saw the Germans as the best 457: 448: 276: 5373:Garden of the Missing in Action 5279:Works by or about Theodor Herzl 4223:Theodor Herzl’s Cursed Children 3672:Troy, Gil (22 September 2022). 3580:Khalidi, Rashid Ismail (2020). 3067:"Theodor Herzl: A Reevaluation" 1686:needs additional citations for 1213:, the Consul General in Egypt. 1102:Jewish Colonization Association 699:As the Paris correspondent for 260: 5455:19th-century Hungarian writers 4861:(Yale University Press, 2020) 4305:. Aish HaTorah. Archived from 3961:University of California Press 3651:Gale Virtual Reference Library 3271:University of California Press 2740:. About Israel. Archived from 2205:by Heinz Norden, New York 1955 1553:sent Trude and Richard to the 1479:Herzl and his children in 1900 1163:Herzl's last photograph (1904) 711:incident in France in which a 496:Theodor Herzl was born in the 1: 5560:Authors of utopian literature 5214:Shapell Manuscript Foundation 4816:Primary and secondary sources 4255:Shapell Manuscript Collection 3790:of public opinion he had not. 3729:Shapell Manuscript Foundation 2632:. 14 May 1948. Archived from 2111:The Old New Land (Altneuland) 2060:, the second-largest city in 1847:"We are a people—one people. 1251:, then finance minister, and 1216:In 1902 he wrote a letter to 409:in 1903, Herzl presented the 5141:Journal of Levantine Studies 4852:Biographies of Theodor Herzl 3448:The Diaries of Theodor Herzl 2709:. Indiana University Press. 1586:British Mandate of Palestine 389:In 1897, Herzl convened the 42:when mentioning individuals. 5545:University of Vienna alumni 5490:Hungarian political writers 5470:Hungarian writers in German 5317:20th Century Press Archives 5294:(public domain audiobooks) 4686:. Brandeis.edu. 24 May 2010 4673:, Macmillan, 1970 PB, p.185 4028:"Knesset Creates Herzl Day" 3623:. Herzl.org. Archived from 3529:. Herzl.org. Archived from 3417:Jerry Klinger (July 2010). 2954:"Theodor Herzl (1860–1904)" 2831:. Keter Books, 1970, p. 11. 2416:; Hebrew name given at his 2412: 1994:a phrase from Herzl's book 1972:thinking. Women would have 1638:Massachusetts Avenue Bridge 1365:Theodor Herzl's funeral in 1307:Reverend William H. Hechler 882:, a community of primarily 311: 5581: 5240:Biography of Theodor Herzl 5131:Journal of Israeli History 5100:Journal of Israeli History 4638:"Henry George and Zionism" 4606:"Herzl's vision of racism" 4582:. Jewishvirtuallibrary.org 4580:"Jewishvirtuallibrary.org" 4240:, Ilse Sternberger, p. 125 4074:Holt, Rinehart and Winston 3146:Kornberg, Jacques (1993). 2924:"Herzl A Man of His Times" 2703:Kornberg, Jacques (1993). 2563:. T. Yoseloff. p. 19. 2258:Philosophische Erzählungen 1627:, noted in late 1945 that 1110:Edmond James de Rothschild 29: 5540:People from Pest, Hungary 5495:Hungarian revolutionaries 5064:Journal of Modern History 5023:Claremont Review of Books 4959:Stewart, Desmond (1974). 4857:Penslar, Derek Jonathan. 4284:Jewish Telegraphic Agency 4056:Stewart (1974) pp.323,339 3515:– via Google Books. 3071:Journal of Modern History 2726:– via Google Books. 2510:Dictionary.com Unabridged 1651:Norman was buried by the 1155:Zionism and the Holy Land 620:Ehre, Freiheit, Vaterland 275: 65: 56: 5515:Jewish Hungarian writers 5218:About Israel – Herzl Now 5112:(Brill, 2020). 185–209. 4788:All About Jewish Theatre 4732:archive.jewishagency.org 4521:The Jewish Daily Forward 4369:5 September 2008 at the 3297:Indiana University Press 3158:Indiana University Press 2958:Jewish Agency for Israel 2804:Herzl Institute Pamphlet 2773:. No. 1. p. 20 2460: 2434: 1866:His last literary work, 1425:Legacy and commemoration 981:, Alexander Scholch and 637:, he devoted himself to 601:along the German lines. 295:modern political Zionism 38:. This article uses 30:The native form of this 18:Theodor Herzl Foundation 5525:Journalists from Vienna 5047:10.2979/ISR.2004.9.3.46 4950:Beller, Steven (2004). 4101:Weidenfeld and Nicolson 4040:Desmond Stewart (1974) 3816:. 2012. pp. 100–1. 3498:. Courier Corporation. 3492:Herzl, Theodor (2012). 3343:, cited by C.D. Smith, 2466:from their immigration. 2245:excerpt and text search 2082:Dohány Street Synagogue 2044:. This name comes from 1566:Stephan Theodor Neumann 1169:that of Wilhelm II 1024:Second Zionist Congress 888:Eastern European Jewish 554:Dohány Street Synagogue 5465:Burials at Mount Herzl 5288:Works by Theodor Herzl 5270:Works by Theodor Herzl 5223:5 October 2013 at the 5037:(3): 46–79, online in 4998:10.2979/JSS.1999.5.3.1 4822:Peres, Shimon (1999). 4706:From Haven to Conquest 4565:Cleveland, William L. 4388:8 January 2009 at the 3653:. Web. 22 January 2016 3479:When the Shofar sounds 3347:, 2001, 4th ed., p. 53 3245:"Herzl and the rabbis" 3218:Cleveland, William L. 2557:Cohen, Israel (1959). 2393: 2089: 2027: 2012: 1989: 1864: 1821: 1805: 1800: 1786: 1779: 1648: 1576:rising to the rank of 1536: 1488: 1480: 1472: 1437: 1264:Sixth Zionist Congress 1224:, an idea broached at 1185:Street of the Prophets 1164: 1054:Hague Peace Conference 1042:First Zionist Congress 1031: 1000: 929:appeared in London as 925: 904: 843: 816: 803: 793: 788: 762: 696: 689:Fifth Zionist Congress 680: 493: 485: 407:Sixth Zionist Congress 391:First Zionist Congress 380: 332:Visionary of the State 5550:Writers from Budapest 5485:Hungarian journalists 5450:19th-century atheists 5110:Making History Jewish 4986:Jewish Social Studies 4968:Pawel, Ernst (1992). 4500:8 August 2018 at the 4257:. SMF. Archived from 4139:Yale University Press 4047:SBN 241 02447 1 p.109 3981:Corbett, Tim (2016). 3954:Michael Stanislawski, 3647:Encyclopaedia Judaica 3324:Oxford German Studies 3115:(London 1914), p. 188 3113:The Habsburg Monarchy 3037:Jewish Social Studies 2814:on 19 November 2005. 2187:Prinzen aus Genieland 2079: 2023: 2008: 1985: 1830: 1813:The State of the Jews 1792: 1776: 1646: 1532: 1486: 1478: 1470: 1432: 1380:Herzl's grave in the 1162: 1022:Theodor Herzl at the 1021: 1014:World Jewish Congress 995: 959:Order of the Medjidie 826: 799: 786: 770:The State of the Jews 703:, Herzl followed the 691:in December 1901, by 686: 674: 508:(now eastern part of 491: 483: 168:31.77389°N 35.18056°E 5500:Hungarian socialists 5133:38.1 (2020): 25–52. 5102:24.1 (2005): 65–77. 4754:"Theodor Herzl 2004" 4671:Zionism Reconsidered 4604:(2 September 2009). 4344:. Goliath.ecnext.com 3841:13 July 2007 at the 3160:. pp. 193–194. 3154:Bloomington, Indiana 2964:on 30 September 2009 2771:The Jewish Chronicle 2678:Encyclopedia Judaica 2636:on 28 December 2015. 2139:Die Causa Hirschkorn 1898:would be rebuilt on 1695:improve this article 1295:Reichenau an der Rax 1247:and was received by 1230:Rafael Merry del Val 1226:6th Zionist Congress 1100:who had created the 805:The book concludes: 693:Ephraim Moses Lilien 631:University of Vienna 565:Ferdinand de Lesseps 516:(now Hungary), to a 299:Zionist Organization 206:University of Vienna 118:Reichenau an der Rax 5263:, Video Lecture by 5210:27 May 2012 at the 4937:Bein, Alex (1941). 4158:Elon, Amos (1975). 3933:Elon, Amos (1975). 3899:Elon, Amos (1975). 3862:Schneer, pp. 113–14 3607:Jerusalem Quarterly 3290:Jacques Kornberg, 3056:, 26 February 2014. 2934:on 8 September 2013 2861:Elon, Amos (1975). 2840:Elon, Amos (1975). 2672:Loker, Zvi (2007). 2285:Gathering of Israel 2250:8 July 2014 at the 2181:Die Dame in Schwarz 2175:Was wird man sagen? 2040:by the translator, 1998:, became a popular 1974:equal voting rights 1916:, were critical of 1590:concentration camps 1239:In 1903, following 1179:, near present-day 1115:He fared best with 1052:, and attended the 1004:Abdul Hamid II 741:Jewish emancipation 737:Henry Wickham Steed 545:; 'little heart'). 422:British East Africa 403:Abdul Hamid II 401:and Ottoman sultan 372:Jewish assimilation 297:. Herzl formed the 164: / 5555:Writers on Zionism 5505:Hungarian Zionists 5480:Hungarian atheists 5475:History of Zionism 5196:On Herzl's Diaries 5152:Robertson, Ritchie 4760:on 14 January 2005 4648:on 18 October 2015 4286:18 September 1930. 4261:on 3 December 2013 3627:on 18 January 2012 3533:on 18 January 2012 3065:Jacques Kornberg, 2985:M. Reich-Ranicki, 2827:Chouraqui, André. 2766:"An Autobiography" 2684:on 2 November 2013 2402:תֵּאוֹדוֹר הֶרְצְל 2385:[ˈhɛʁtsl̩] 2090: 1801: 1787: 1649: 1489: 1481: 1473: 1438: 1199:Joseph Chamberlain 1196:Colonial Secretary 1165: 1069:Rome and Jerusalem 1032: 852:Hamidian massacres 844: 789: 697: 681: 514:Kingdom of Hungary 494: 486: 432:and reinterred on 418:Joseph Chamberlain 415:Colonial Secretary 366:. Confronted with 352:, to a prosperous 350:Kingdom of Hungary 344:Herzl was born in 303:Jewish immigration 228:political activist 173:31.77389; 35.18056 59:תֵּאוֹדוֹר הֶרְצְל 40:Western name order 5565:Zionist activists 5520:Jewish socialists 5422: 5421: 5274:Project Gutenberg 4929:978-0-03-013126-4 4905:978-0-8191-8925-7 4883:978-0-297-86880-4 4835:978-1-55970-468-7 4734:. 5 November 2007 4197:978-0-807-83344-5 4168:978-0-03-013126-4 4146:978-0-300-18250-7 4082:978-0-03-013126-4 3969:978-0-520-93575-4 3943:978-0-03-013126-4 3909:978-0-03-013126-4 3776:978-0-7914-5919-5 3591:978-1-62779-855-6 3505:978-0-486-11961-8 3400:978-1-57181-302-2 3317:Ritchie Robertson 3305:978-0-253-11259-0 3279:978-0-520-21050-9 3233:National Judentum 3167:978-0-253-33203-5 3134:978-0-664-22353-3 2995:978-3-423-12830-8 2909:978-3-8253-0809-4 2871:978-0-03-013126-4 2850:978-0-03-013126-4 2716:978-0-253-11259-0 2410: 2266:978-3-940206-29-9 1970:utopian socialist 1958:Franz Oppenheimer 1771: 1770: 1763: 1745: 1346:circumscribing a 1342:decorated with a 1253:Viacheslav Plehve 1128:Albert Rothschild 1098:Maurice de Hirsch 966:Yousef Al-Khalidi 955:Neue Freie Presse 880:London's East End 835:, Theodor Herzl, 833:Moses T. Schnirer 750:Neue Freie Presse 701:Neue Freie Presse 657:Neue Freie Presse 648:Neue Freie Presse 567:, builder of the 363:Neue Freie Presse 318:חוֹזֵה הַמְדִינָה 284: 283: 242:political Zionism 240:Father of modern 16:(Redirected from 5572: 5350: 5343: 5336: 5327: 5299: 5298: 5283:Internet Archive 5180: 5159: 5143:8.1 (2018): 13+ 5095: 5058: 5017: 4973: 4964: 4955: 4946: 4933: 4909: 4887: 4847: 4804: 4803: 4801: 4799: 4790:. Archived from 4782:Balsam, Mashav. 4779: 4770: 4769: 4767: 4765: 4750: 4744: 4743: 4741: 4739: 4724: 4718: 4715: 4709: 4702: 4696: 4695: 4693: 4691: 4680: 4674: 4667: 4658: 4657: 4655: 4653: 4644:. Archived from 4634: 4628: 4627: 4625: 4623: 4618:on 17 April 2009 4614:. 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Congress 796: 767: 461: 452: 385: 336: 333: 330: 327: 324: 320: 319: 314: 312:Chozeh HaMedinah 291:Austro-Hungarian 280: 264: 262: 184:Other names 179: 178: 176: 175: 174: 169: 165: 162: 161: 160: 157: 134:Döbling Cemetery 113: 87: 85: 70: 61: 60: 47: 21: 5580: 5579: 5575: 5574: 5573: 5571: 5570: 5569: 5510:Jewish atheists 5425: 5424: 5423: 5418: 5402: 5359: 5354: 5296: 5225:Wayback Machine 5212:Wayback Machine 5187: 5169: 5166: 5150: 5061: 5028: 4983: 4980: 4967: 4958: 4949: 4936: 4930: 4912: 4906: 4890: 4884: 4870:Avineri, Shlomo 4868: 4854: 4836: 4821: 4818: 4813: 4811:Further reading 4808: 4807: 4797: 4795: 4794:on 12 June 2010 4781: 4780: 4773: 4763: 4761: 4752: 4751: 4747: 4737: 4735: 4726: 4725: 4721: 4716: 4712: 4703: 4699: 4689: 4687: 4682: 4681: 4677: 4668: 4661: 4651: 4649: 4642:Jewish Currents 4636: 4635: 4631: 4621: 4619: 4602:Avineri, Shlomo 4600: 4599: 4595: 4585: 4583: 4578: 4577: 4573: 4564: 4560: 4550: 4548: 4543: 4542: 4538: 4533: 4529: 4513: 4512: 4508: 4504:at 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2493: 2488: 2487: 2483: 2482: 2458: 2454: 2450: 2449: 2432: 2428: 2413:Te'odor Hertzel 2380: 2373: 2369: 2343: 2322: 2318: 2317: 2313: 2308: 2295:Jewish diaspora 2281: 2252:Wayback Machine 2236: 2227:Solon in Lydien 2199:Das Neue Ghetto 2133:Kompagniearbeit 2127: 2095: 2074: 2072:Published works 2048:3:15 and means 1954:Albert Einstein 1767: 1756: 1750: 1747: 1710:"Theodor Herzl" 1704: 1702: 1692: 1680: 1669: 1624:Yediot Aharonot 1611:Selig Brodetsky 1582:Royal Artillery 1471:Julie Naschauer 1465: 1427: 1422: 1421: 1420: 1417: 1414: 1405: 1394: 1385: 1378: 1369: 1363: 1315:David Wolffsohn 1291: 1241:Kishinev pogrom 1207:Sinai Peninsula 1173:William Hechler 1157: 1117:Israel Zangwill 1016: 935:Max Bodenheimer 914:Wilhelm II 896:William Hechler 876:Israel Zangwill 872:Albert Goldsmid 841:Max Bodenheimer 837:David Wolffsohn 829:Joseph Seidener 821: 669: 478: 477: 476: 475: 464: 463: 462: 454: 453: 442: 426:Kishinev pogrom 399:Wilhelm II 334: 331: 328: 325: 266: 263: 1889) 258: 254: 253:Julie Naschauer 232: 202:Alma mater 172: 170: 166: 163: 158: 155: 153: 151: 150: 149: 140: 124: 122:Austria-Hungary 115: 111: 102: 100:Austrian Empire 89: 83: 81: 73: 52: 43: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 5578: 5576: 5568: 5567: 5562: 5557: 5552: 5547: 5542: 5537: 5532: 5527: 5522: 5517: 5512: 5507: 5502: 5497: 5492: 5487: 5482: 5477: 5472: 5467: 5462: 5457: 5452: 5447: 5442: 5437: 5427: 5426: 5420: 5419: 5417: 5416: 5410: 5408: 5404: 5403: 5401: 5400: 5395: 5390: 5385: 5380: 5375: 5369: 5367: 5361: 5360: 5355: 5353: 5352: 5345: 5338: 5330: 5324: 5323: 5310: 5305: 5300: 5285: 5276: 5267: 5265:Henry Abramson 5258: 5253: 5247: 5242: 5237: 5232: 5227: 5215: 5202: 5200:Shlomo Avineri 5193: 5186: 5185:External links 5183: 5182: 5181: 5165: 5162: 5161: 5160: 5148: 5137: 5127: 5116: 5106: 5096: 5076:10.1086/242094 5070:(2): 226–252. 5059: 5031:Israel Studies 5026: 5018: 4979: 4976: 4975: 4974: 4965: 4956: 4947: 4939:Maurice Samuel 4934: 4928: 4910: 4904: 4888: 4882: 4866: 4853: 4850: 4849: 4848: 4834: 4817: 4814: 4812: 4809: 4806: 4805: 4771: 4745: 4719: 4710: 4697: 4684:"Brandeis.edu" 4675: 4659: 4629: 4593: 4571: 4558: 4536: 4527: 4506: 4486: 4477: 4458: 4438: 4429: 4420: 4411: 4402: 4393: 4374: 4355: 4329: 4320: 4288: 4272: 4242: 4230: 4214: 4201: 4172: 4151: 4122: 4113: 4086: 4058: 4049: 4033: 4019: 4016:Jerusalem Post 4004: 3973: 3947: 3926: 3913: 3892: 3873: 3864: 3855: 3846: 3828: 3819: 3801: 3792: 3782: 3775: 3755: 3746: 3717: 3708: 3695: 3686: 3664: 3655: 3638: 3612: 3597: 3590: 3569: 3557:monbalagan.com 3544: 3518: 3504: 3484: 3469: 3452: 3440: 3406: 3399: 3378: 3365: 3349: 3341:Der Judenstaat 3332: 3309: 3283: 3262:Daniel Boyarin 3254: 3237: 3224: 3208: 3199: 3195:A People Apart 3186: 3166: 3138: 3117: 3105: 3075: 3058: 3041: 3024: 2999: 2978: 2945: 2915: 2908: 2890: 2874: 2854: 2833: 2820: 2796:Herzl, Theodor 2787: 2755: 2729: 2715: 2695: 2663: 2659:Robertson 2004 2651: 2649:, p. 123. 2639: 2617: 2605:www.nli.org.il 2592: 2566: 2546: 2524: 2495: 2494: 2492: 2489: 2486: 2485: 2452: 2426: 2422:Binyamin Ze'ev 2310: 2309: 2307: 2304: 2303: 2302: 2300:Return to Zion 2297: 2292: 2287: 2280: 2277: 2276: 2275: 2272: 2269: 2254: 2235: 2232: 2231: 2230: 2224: 2218: 2212: 2206: 2203:The New Ghetto 2196: 2190: 2184: 2178: 2172: 2166: 2163:Der Flüchtling 2160: 2154: 2151:Muttersöhnchen 2148: 2142: 2136: 2126: 2123: 2122: 2121: 2115: 2107: 2094: 2091: 2073: 2070: 2031:Ottoman empire 1966:land value tax 1950:Louis Brandeis 1876:, 1902), is a 1822:Der Judenstaat 1807:Der Judenstaat 1793:Title page of 1781:Der Judenstaat 1777:Title page of 1769: 1768: 1683: 1681: 1674: 1668: 1665: 1629:Chaim Weizmann 1555:Theresienstadt 1464: 1461: 1426: 1423: 1419: 1418: 1415: 1408: 1406: 1395: 1388: 1386: 1379: 1372: 1370: 1364: 1357: 1354: 1353: 1352: 1290: 1287: 1260:Uganda Project 1245:St. Petersburg 1156: 1153: 1094:Samuel Montagu 1015: 1012: 991:Rashid Khalidi 979:Rashid Khalidi 926:Der Judenstaat 905:Der Judenstaat 857:Bernard Lazare 820: 817: 794:Der Judenstaat 764:Der Judenstaat 755:A Jewish State 705:Dreyfus affair 668: 665: 615:Burschenschaft 469:Zemun Cemetery 466: 465: 456: 455: 447: 446: 445: 444: 443: 441: 438: 424:following the 413:, endorsed by 382:Der Judenstaat 282: 281: 273: 272: 268: 267: 256: 252: 251: 249: 245: 244: 238: 237:Known for 234: 233: 231: 230: 225: 222: 219: 215: 213: 209: 208: 203: 199: 198: 193: 189: 188: 187:Binyamin Ze'ev 185: 181: 180: 141:1949–present: 130: 126: 125: 116: 114:(aged 44) 108: 104: 103: 90: 79: 75: 74: 71: 63: 62: 54: 53: 50: 26: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 5577: 5566: 5563: 5561: 5558: 5556: 5553: 5551: 5548: 5546: 5543: 5541: 5538: 5536: 5533: 5531: 5528: 5526: 5523: 5521: 5518: 5516: 5513: 5511: 5508: 5506: 5503: 5501: 5498: 5496: 5493: 5491: 5488: 5486: 5483: 5481: 5478: 5476: 5473: 5471: 5468: 5466: 5463: 5461: 5458: 5456: 5453: 5451: 5448: 5446: 5443: 5441: 5438: 5436: 5435:Theodor Herzl 5433: 5432: 5430: 5415: 5414:Theodor Herzl 5412: 5411: 5409: 5405: 5399: 5396: 5394: 5391: 5389: 5386: 5384: 5381: 5379: 5376: 5374: 5371: 5370: 5368: 5366: 5362: 5358: 5351: 5346: 5344: 5339: 5337: 5332: 5331: 5328: 5322: 5318: 5314: 5311: 5309: 5306: 5304: 5301: 5293: 5289: 5286: 5284: 5280: 5277: 5275: 5271: 5268: 5266: 5262: 5259: 5257: 5254: 5252: 5248: 5246: 5243: 5241: 5238: 5236: 5233: 5231: 5228: 5226: 5222: 5219: 5216: 5213: 5209: 5206: 5203: 5201: 5197: 5194: 5192: 5189: 5188: 5184: 5178: 5177: 5176:Theodor Herzl 5172: 5171:Otto Kreisler 5168: 5167: 5163: 5157: 5153: 5149: 5146: 5142: 5138: 5136: 5132: 5128: 5125: 5121: 5117: 5115: 5111: 5107: 5105: 5101: 5097: 5093: 5089: 5085: 5081: 5077: 5073: 5069: 5065: 5060: 5056: 5052: 5048: 5044: 5040: 5036: 5032: 5027: 5025: 5024: 5019: 5015: 5011: 5007: 5003: 4999: 4995: 4991: 4987: 4982: 4981: 4977: 4971: 4966: 4962: 4957: 4953: 4948: 4944: 4940: 4935: 4931: 4925: 4921: 4920: 4915: 4911: 4907: 4901: 4897: 4893: 4889: 4885: 4879: 4875: 4871: 4867: 4864: 4860: 4859:Theodor Herzl 4856: 4855: 4851: 4845: 4841: 4837: 4831: 4827: 4826: 4820: 4819: 4815: 4810: 4793: 4789: 4785: 4778: 4776: 4772: 4759: 4755: 4749: 4746: 4733: 4729: 4723: 4720: 4714: 4711: 4707: 4701: 4698: 4685: 4679: 4676: 4672: 4666: 4664: 4660: 4647: 4643: 4639: 4633: 4630: 4617: 4613: 4612: 4607: 4603: 4597: 4594: 4581: 4575: 4572: 4568: 4562: 4559: 4546: 4540: 4537: 4531: 4528: 4523: 4522: 4517: 4510: 4507: 4503: 4499: 4496: 4490: 4487: 4481: 4478: 4473: 4469: 4462: 4459: 4456: 4452: 4448: 4442: 4439: 4433: 4430: 4424: 4421: 4415: 4412: 4406: 4403: 4397: 4394: 4391: 4387: 4384: 4378: 4375: 4372: 4368: 4365: 4359: 4356: 4343: 4339: 4333: 4330: 4324: 4321: 4308: 4304: 4297: 4295: 4293: 4289: 4285: 4282: 4276: 4273: 4260: 4256: 4252: 4246: 4243: 4239: 4234: 4231: 4227: 4224: 4218: 4215: 4211: 4210:Theodor Herzl 4208:Stewart, D., 4205: 4202: 4198: 4194: 4190: 4187: 4186: 4179: 4177: 4173: 4169: 4165: 4161: 4155: 4152: 4147: 4143: 4140: 4137: 4136: 4131: 4130:Derek Penslar 4126: 4123: 4120:Stewart p.339 4117: 4114: 4110: 4109:0-297-82126-1 4106: 4102: 4099: 4095: 4094:Beilin, Yossi 4090: 4087: 4083: 4079: 4075: 4071: 4067: 4062: 4059: 4053: 4050: 4046: 4043: 4037: 4034: 4029: 4023: 4020: 4017: 4013: 4008: 4005: 4000: 3996: 3992: 3988: 3984: 3977: 3974: 3970: 3966: 3962: 3959: 3958: 3951: 3948: 3944: 3940: 3936: 3930: 3927: 3923: 3917: 3914: 3910: 3906: 3902: 3896: 3893: 3888: 3884: 3877: 3874: 3868: 3865: 3859: 3856: 3850: 3847: 3844: 3840: 3837: 3832: 3829: 3823: 3820: 3815: 3811: 3805: 3802: 3796: 3793: 3786: 3783: 3778: 3772: 3768: 3767: 3759: 3756: 3750: 3747: 3734: 3730: 3727: 3721: 3718: 3712: 3709: 3705: 3699: 3696: 3693:Vital, p. 442 3690: 3687: 3675: 3668: 3665: 3659: 3656: 3652: 3648: 3642: 3639: 3626: 3622: 3616: 3613: 3608: 3601: 3598: 3593: 3587: 3583: 3576: 3574: 3570: 3558: 3554: 3548: 3545: 3532: 3528: 3522: 3519: 3507: 3501: 3497: 3496: 3488: 3485: 3482:, 2006, p. 43 3481: 3480: 3473: 3470: 3465: 3459: 3457: 3453: 3449: 3444: 3441: 3428: 3424: 3420: 3413: 3411: 3407: 3402: 3396: 3392: 3388: 3382: 3379: 3375: 3372:Norman Rose, 3369: 3366: 3361: 3360: 3353: 3350: 3346: 3342: 3336: 3333: 3329: 3325: 3322: 3318: 3313: 3310: 3306: 3302: 3298: 3295: 3294: 3287: 3284: 3280: 3276: 3272: 3269: 3268: 3263: 3258: 3255: 3252: 3251: 3246: 3241: 3238: 3234: 3228: 3225: 3221: 3215: 3213: 3209: 3203: 3200: 3196: 3190: 3187: 3183: 3182:antisemitism. 3169: 3163: 3159: 3155: 3151: 3150: 3142: 3139: 3135: 3131: 3127: 3121: 3118: 3114: 3109: 3106: 3093: 3089: 3087: 3079: 3076: 3072: 3068: 3062: 3059: 3055: 3051: 3048:Hoare, Liam, 3045: 3042: 3038: 3034: 3028: 3025: 3013: 3009: 3003: 3000: 2996: 2992: 2988: 2982: 2979: 2975: 2963: 2959: 2955: 2949: 2946: 2933: 2929: 2925: 2919: 2916: 2911: 2905: 2901: 2894: 2891: 2887: 2881: 2879: 2875: 2872: 2868: 2864: 2858: 2855: 2851: 2847: 2843: 2837: 2834: 2830: 2824: 2821: 2817: 2813: 2809: 2805: 2801: 2797: 2791: 2788: 2784: 2772: 2767: 2759: 2756: 2743: 2739: 2733: 2730: 2718: 2712: 2708: 2707: 2699: 2696: 2683: 2679: 2675: 2667: 2664: 2661:, p. 63. 2660: 2655: 2652: 2648: 2643: 2640: 2635: 2631: 2627: 2621: 2618: 2606: 2602: 2596: 2593: 2580: 2579:מילון מורפיקס 2576: 2570: 2567: 2562: 2561: 2553: 2551: 2547: 2543: 2539: 2535: 2528: 2525: 2513:(Online). n.d 2512: 2511: 2506: 2500: 2497: 2490: 2481: 2478: 2474: 2470: 2467: 2463: 2456: 2453: 2448: 2445: 2441: 2437: 2430: 2427: 2423: 2419: 2414: 2408: 2399: 2395: 2394:Herzl Tivadar 2391: 2386: 2378: 2377: 2364: 2315: 2312: 2305: 2301: 2298: 2296: 2293: 2291: 2288: 2286: 2283: 2282: 2278: 2273: 2270: 2267: 2263: 2259: 2255: 2253: 2249: 2246: 2242: 2238: 2237: 2233: 2228: 2225: 2222: 2219: 2216: 2213: 2210: 2209:Unser Kätchen 2207: 2204: 2200: 2197: 2194: 2191: 2188: 2185: 2182: 2179: 2176: 2173: 2170: 2167: 2164: 2161: 2158: 2155: 2152: 2149: 2146: 2143: 2140: 2137: 2134: 2131: 2130: 2129: 2124: 2119: 2116: 2113: 2112: 2108: 2106: 2102: 2101: 2097: 2096: 2092: 2087: 2083: 2078: 2071: 2069: 2067: 2063: 2059: 2058:Tel Aviv-Yafo 2055: 2051: 2047: 2043: 2042:Nahum Sokolow 2039: 2034: 2032: 2026: 2022: 2020: 2016: 2011: 2007: 2003: 2001: 1997: 1993: 1988: 1984: 1982: 1977: 1975: 1971: 1967: 1963: 1959: 1955: 1951: 1947: 1944:day, such as 1941: 1938: 1934: 1930: 1926: 1921: 1919: 1915: 1914: 1909: 1905: 1901: 1897: 1891: 1889: 1884: 1879: 1875: 1874: 1870:(in English: 1869: 1863: 1860: 1857: 1854: 1851: 1848: 1845: 1842: 1839: 1836: 1833: 1829: 1826: 1823: 1818: 1814: 1809: 1808: 1798: 1797: 1791: 1783: 1782: 1775: 1765: 1762: 1754: 1743: 1740: 1736: 1733: 1729: 1726: 1722: 1719: 1715: 1712: – 1711: 1707: 1706:Find sources: 1700: 1696: 1690: 1689: 1684:This section 1682: 1678: 1673: 1672: 1666: 1664: 1660: 1657: 1654: 1653:Jewish Agency 1645: 1641: 1639: 1633: 1630: 1626: 1625: 1620: 1616: 1612: 1608: 1604: 1601: 1597: 1593: 1591: 1587: 1583: 1579: 1575: 1571: 1567: 1562: 1560: 1556: 1552: 1548: 1543: 1541: 1535: 1531: 1528: 1526: 1521: 1516: 1514: 1509: 1506: 1500: 1498: 1497:Judah Alkalai 1494: 1485: 1477: 1469: 1462: 1460: 1458: 1454: 1446: 1442: 1435: 1431: 1424: 1412: 1407: 1403: 1399: 1392: 1387: 1383: 1376: 1371: 1368: 1361: 1356: 1351: 1349: 1348:Lion of Judah 1345: 1344:Star of David 1341: 1337: 1333: 1329: 1324: 1322: 1321: 1316: 1310: 1308: 1304: 1300: 1299:Lower Austria 1296: 1288: 1286: 1284: 1280: 1276: 1271: 1269: 1265: 1261: 1256: 1254: 1250: 1246: 1242: 1237: 1235: 1231: 1227: 1223: 1219: 1214: 1212: 1208: 1204: 1200: 1197: 1193: 1188: 1186: 1182: 1178: 1177:Mikveh Israel 1174: 1170: 1161: 1154: 1152: 1150: 1146: 1142: 1138: 1133: 1132:(Finanzjuden) 1129: 1126: 1122: 1118: 1113: 1111: 1107: 1103: 1099: 1095: 1091: 1086: 1082: 1078: 1074: 1070: 1066: 1062: 1057: 1055: 1051: 1047: 1043: 1039: 1038: 1029: 1025: 1020: 1013: 1011: 1009: 1005: 999: 994: 992: 986: 984: 980: 975: 971: 967: 962: 960: 956: 951: 950:Abdulhamid II 947: 943: 938: 936: 932: 927: 921: 919: 915: 911: 906: 901: 897: 892: 889: 885: 881: 877: 873: 869: 864: 862: 858: 853: 849: 842: 838: 834: 830: 825: 818: 815: 812: 806: 802: 798: 795: 785: 781: 779: 775: 771: 766: 765: 758: 756: 751: 746: 742: 738: 735:According to 733: 730: 726: 725:cause célèbre 720: 718: 714: 713:Jewish French 710: 706: 702: 694: 690: 685: 678: 673: 666: 664: 662: 658: 654: 650: 649: 644: 640: 636: 632: 627: 625: 621: 617: 616: 611: 607: 602: 600: 596: 592: 588: 587: 582: 578: 574: 570: 566: 561: 559: 555: 551: 546: 544: 540: 536: 532: 527: 523: 519: 518:Neolog Jewish 515: 511: 507: 503: 499: 490: 482: 474: 470: 460: 451: 439: 437: 435: 431: 427: 423: 419: 416: 412: 411:Uganda Scheme 408: 404: 400: 396: 392: 387: 384: 383: 377: 373: 369: 365: 364: 359: 355: 354:Neolog Jewish 351: 347: 342: 340: 313: 308: 304: 301:and promoted 300: 296: 292: 288: 287:Theodor Herzl 279: 274: 269: 250: 246: 243: 239: 235: 229: 226: 223: 220: 217: 216: 214: 210: 207: 204: 200: 197: 194: 190: 186: 182: 177: 148: 144: 139: 135: 131: 129:Resting place 127: 123: 119: 109: 105: 101: 97: 93: 80: 76: 72:Herzl in 1897 69: 64: 55: 51:Theodor Herzl 48: 45: 41: 37: 36:Herzl Tivadar 33: 32:personal name 19: 5530:Pamphleteers 5413: 5378:Herzl Museum 5245:Herzl family 5174: 5158:(57): 61–71. 5155: 5140: 5130: 5119: 5109: 5099: 5067: 5063: 5034: 5030: 5022: 4989: 4985: 4969: 4960: 4951: 4942: 4918: 4895: 4873: 4858: 4824: 4796:. 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