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135:. The document states that in addition to cutting off supplies from surrounding regions, the Spaniards also cut the water supply to the city. Cortés was able to overcome a number of strategic settlements using the brigantines, occupying every street and ravaging the conquered territories, despite the resistance of the Mexica and Tlatelolcas. In the last strongholds of Tlatelolco, the troops of Cortés and those of
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In describing the death and destruction left after the siege, Cortés says he tried to persuade the population to surrender, but received negative replies from Cuauhtémoc and others. On completing the conquest of the territory, the captain of a brigantine, García Holguín, captured the lords of Mexico,
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Cortés describes how he ordered his troops to subdue the populations surrounding
Tenochtitlán and those that were vassals and suppliers of the Mexica, in order to stop essential provisions entering the city and thus bring about its early surrender. At this point in his account Hernán Cortés mentions
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One of the elements that stands out in this letter is the attached map depicting the city of Mexico-Tenochtitlán. The map is believed to have been created in 1520, but it was enclosed only with the third letter. It was sent by the secretary of Cortés, Juan de Ribera. The map shows the lakes and
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The conquistador also takes time to describe in detail the battles fought by the
Spaniards against the Mexica, and the actions of some of his captains in the siege of the city; some of these were captured and later sacrificed, including Cristóbal de Guzmán.
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used to enter
Tenochtitlán by the canals. These vessels were manufactured in Tlaxcala, as this region was the main source of support for the Spaniards within the territory. The thirteen ships were transported in parts to the
72:, with the aim of encircling Tenochtitlán. In reference to this reorganisation, Hernán Cortés relates that it was necessary to create "Military Ordinances" to establish order among the troops and avoid thefts and pillages.
151:(Cuauhtémoc, Coanacochtzin and Tetlepanquetzaltzin). The capture of Cuauhtémoc, last ruler of Mexico-Tenochtitlán, on 13 August 1521 marks the fall of the Tenochcas and the end of the Mexica empire.
96:, building docks to assemble the brigantines, and channels to connect the docks with the lake. It was also from there that the military campaign was launched.
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avenues passing through
Tenochtitlán. This map was printed in Federico Peypus Arthimesio's edition of the letters, in Nuremberg, in 1524.
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32:, sent with the intention of informing Carlos V of the territories discovered and their conquest; it was signed on 15 May 1522 in
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were able to communicate with each other, but the latter forces nevertheless began burning down the temples.
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and the destruction of the city, covering the events from 1520 until the final conquests in 1522.
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mentions that this epidemic originated with a black slave who had arrived with the expedition of
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The focal point of the letter is the description of the capture of
Tenochtitlán and of
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36:. The letter describes part of the expedition to the New World, the conquest of
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epidemics, which killed much of the native population, and caused the death of
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is one of five letters written by the
Spanish conquistador
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In the first part of the letter, Cortés describes the
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Historia verdadera de la conquista de la Nueva España
83:Cortés goes on to describe the construction of the
51:, Centro de Estudios de Historia de México Carso
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112:'s brother, who was succeeded as emperor by
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22:) of Hernán Cortés to the Emperor Carlos V
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155:Map of the city of Tenochtitlán
47:Cover of the Second and Third
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192:Martínez, José Luis (1990).
253:"Tercera Carta de Relación"
233:Díaz del Castillo, Bernal.
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163:Map of Mexico Tenochtitlán
18:Third Letter of Relation (
207:Heliodoro Valle, Rafael.
20:Tercera Carta de relación
296:1522 in military history
118:Bernal Díaz del Castillo
209:"Las Cartas de Cortés"
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56:Contents of the letter
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291:History of the Aztecs
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92:with the help of the
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301:Indigenous Mexicans
196:. México: UNAM-FCE.
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122:Pánfilo de Narváez
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66:"Night of Sorrows"
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49:Cartas de Relación
306:Mexican documents
137:Pedro of Alvarado
100:the first of the
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251:Cortés, Hernán.
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62:Battle of Otumba
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257:. Retrieved
255:(in Spanish)
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216:. Retrieved
214:(in Spanish)
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38:Tenochtitlán
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259:11 December
218:11 December
94:Tlaxcaltecs
85:brigantines
275:Categories
172:References
133:Tlatelolco
114:Cuauhtémoc
106:Cuitláhuac
237:. Porrúa.
110:Moctezuma
149:Tlacopan
102:smallpox
70:Tlaxcala
34:Coyoacán
30:Carlos V
145:Texcoco
212:(PDF)
261:2015
220:2015
147:and
16:The
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