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those seeking the information, Dr. Wilson and his team also observed social workers and their managers in their day-to-day tasks, to see what techniques were actually used to find, use and communicate information. He observed that, in the environment of a Social
Services office, the majority of information (60%) was oral, with a further 10% being notes taken on oral communication. That, combined with lack of training in using the other information sources available, had led to a lack of organized information being used at Social Services offices. He recommended the establishment of a central library for Social Services information, along with training staff to access that information, as well as more communication within each office on information needs.
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at the
Swedish School of Library and Information Science. He is a member of the group at the Swedish School which is participating in the SHAMAN project on long-term digital preservation, funded by the European Union. In 2012, together with colleagues at the University of BorĂĄs and Gothenburg University, he was awarded a grant of 11.8 million Swedish kronor ($ 1.7 million) by VetenskapsrĂĄdet (Swedish Research Council) for a programme of research into the production, distribution and use of e-books in Sweden.
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There are four steps in the process, problem identification, problem definition, problem resolution, and solution statement. At each step of the process, more information must be gathered in order to resolve the uncertainty of that step. Also, the research established that by providing information seekers with a pattern to follow (such as the four step uncertainty resolution pattern), the accuracy and volume of information they acquired was increased.
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Dr. Wilson's research into information seeking behaviour has been used by instructors in teaching research methods. Though now retired, he continues to engage in research projects through his participation in the AIMTech
Research Group at the University of Leeds Business School and through projects
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Recently, there has been a shift from theorizing on research already conducted on information behaviour, to pursuing "research within specific theoretical contexts". Wilson's Model is "aimed at linking theories to action"; however, it is this move from theory to action that is proving slow. Through
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such as family, friends and colleagues. The information provided by any of the contacted sources is then evaluated to determine if it satisfies the individual's needs. This first model was based on an understanding of human information-seeking behaviors that are best understood as three interwoven
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Dr. Wilson's best-known study on information seeking behaviour was the INISS project, conducted from 1980 to 1985. The aim of the project was to increase the efficiency of Social
Services workers in the management of information. In addition to the traditional methods of surveys and interviews with
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field, and can be integrated with other significant theories of information behaviour. Wilson describes the model diagrams as elaborating on one another, saying "no one model stands alone and in using the model to guide the development of research ideas, it is necessary to examine and reflect upon
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More recently, Dr. Wilson looked at information seeking behaviour for the
British Library Research and Innovation Centre. The resulting paper, "Uncertainty in Information Seeking," identified that information seeking is based on a series of uncertainty resolutions which lead to a problem solution.
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In 1997 Wilson proposed a third, general model that built upon the previous two. This model incorporated several new elements that helped to demonstrate the stages experienced by the 'person in context', or searcher, when looking for information. These included an intermediate stage between the
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In the area of information behaviour (a term he invented to cover all activities associated with seeking, acquiring, using and sharing information) Dr. Wilson has focused largely in analyzing how individuals and groups gather and communicate information.
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The new model It also displayed the physiological, affective, and cognitive needs that give rise to information seeking behaviour. The model recognized that an information need is not a need in and of itself, but rather one that stems from a previous
271:. The model represented research topics as a series of nested fields, with information behavior as the general area of investigation, information-seeking behavior as its sub-set, and information searching behavior as a further sub-set.
230:, and environmental context in which an information need is created. This new model, altered in 1994 incorporated Ellis' stages of information-seeking: starting, browsing, differentiating, monitoring, extracting, verifying and ending.
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These needs are generated by the interplay of personal habits and political, economic, and technological factors in an individual's environmental. The factors that drive needs can also obstruct an individual's search for information.
292:, "we now have many in depth investigations into the information seeking behavior of small samples of people". Despite these studies, there have not been many links made between this research and changes in policy or practice.
160:. His research in this area included early studies on business use of the World Wide Web, the relationship of information systems and business performance and the application of mobile information systems in policing.
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Previous studies undertaken in the field were primarily concerned with systems, specifically, how an individual uses a system. Very little had been written that examined an individual's information needs, or how
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acknowledgement of a need and the initiation of action, a redefining of the barriers he proposed in his second model as "intervening variables" to show that factors can be supportive or preventative a
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255:'Activating mechanisms' identify relevant impetus that prompt a decision to seek information, and integrate behavioural theories such as 'stress/coping theory', 'risk/reward theory' and '
304:, an online journal for information science. This is a freely available, Open Access journal, which constitutes an excellent resource for IS students. The journal is part of the wider
109:, Visiting Professor at Leeds University Business School, Visiting Professor at the University of Boras, Sweden, and Professor Catedratico Convidado in the Faculty of Engineering,
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Wilson's model has changed over time, and will continue to evolve as technology and the nature of information changes. The model has been cited and discussed by leaders in the
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to qualify as a professional librarian. He then moved to being head of a small academic library. He then worked as a corporate librarian for the
Nuclear Research Centre of
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In order to satisfy these needs, an individual makes demands upon various information systems such as the library and the use of technology. The user may also contact an
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Bawden, D. (2006). "Users, user studies and human information behaviour: a three decade perspective on Tom Wilson's "On user studies and information needs"".
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Recently, Dr. Wilson has been an advocate for the adoption of activity theory in the area of information behaviour and in information systems research.
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Throughout his research career, Dr. Wilson has also been active in the field of information management and was the founder and first editor of the
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Wilson, T. D. (2005). "Evolution in information behaviour modeling: Wilson's model". In K. Fisher; S. Erdelez; L. McKechnie (eds.).
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in 1971 when "an attempt was made to map the processes involved in what was known at the time as "user need research".
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547:"Information and business performance: a study of information systems and services in high-performing companies"
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World list of schools and departments of information science, information management and related disciplines
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In 1999, Wilson developed a nested model that brought together different areas of research in the study of
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Wilson, T. D. (1994). "Information needs and uses: fifty years of progress?". In B. C. Vickory (ed.).
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Wilson later built upon his original model in order to understand the personal circumstance,
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Fellowship from the
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Looking for information: A survey of research on information seeking, needs, and behavior
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459:"Information on the move: the use of mobile information systems by UK police forces"
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Wilson, T. D. (1997). "Information behaviour: an interdisciplinary perspective".
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outstanding contributions in promoting
European library and information science
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outstanding contributions in promoting
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frameworks: The user, the information system, and the information resource.
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Wilson, T. D. (1 August 1999). "Models in information behaviour research".
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503:"Business use of the World Wide Web: a report on further investigations"
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Published in 1981, Wilson's first model outlined the factors leading to
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Wilson, T. D. (2010). "Fifty Years of
Information Behaviour Research".
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Wilson, T. D. (January 1981). "On User Studies and Information Needs".
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Fifty years of information progress: A Journal of Documentation review
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he returned to Durham County Library and took the examinations of the
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71:, at which time he became interested in the use of new technology in
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he began his academic career in 1961. He subsequently obtained a
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2010. Honorary doctorate from the University of Murcia, Spain.
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on human use of information, rather than the use of sources.
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583:. Medford, New Jersey: Information Today. pp. 31–39.
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Wilson's first model came from a presentation at the
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Wilson, T. D. (2000). "Human information behavior".
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2005.Honorary doctorate from Gothenburg University,
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357:2000. ASIS&T SIG USE award for "
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481:"Business use of the World-Wide Web"
422:“Uncertainty in Information Seeking”
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103:Department of Information Studies
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581:Theories of information behavior
527:. Informationr.net. 4 July 1999
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361:" and in 2008 was designated "
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844:"Professor Tom Wilson"
284:all of the diagrams".
257:social learning theory
222:First revision in 1994
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152:Information management
33:information management
306:InformationR.net site
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