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478:. Thompson Ramo Wooldridge officially became TRW Inc. in July 1965. Free of anti-competitive restrictions short of ICBM hardware, STL was renamed TRW Systems Group that same month. In 1968, the company entered the credit reporting industry by purchasing Credit Data Corporation and renaming it TRW Information Systems and Services Inc. The Credit Data group was formed in 1970 to compete with
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367:. The TAPCO plant, owned by the U.S. government but operated by Thompson Products, extended for almost a mile along Cleveland's Euclid Avenue. It employed over 16,000 workers at the peak of WW II production. As jet aircraft replaced piston-engined aircraft, Thompson Products became a major manufacturer of turbine blades for jet engines.
1383:, and crushability (in case of landing on a large rock), earned surprising praise from NASA's history pages, considering the complexity of the lunar missions: "The lunar module descent engine probably was the biggest challenge and the most outstanding technical development of Apollo". This engine was used on
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against Apple, which was investigated and dismissed. A site evaluation by the EPA done in August 2021 found that the likelihood for vapor intrusion was low and not expected. Based on field testing done between April 24, 2023 and May 5, 2023, the EPA concluded that vapor intrusion was being prevented.
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cut funding the
Superfund program by $ 330 million and EPA funding by more than 30%, resulting in a significant reduction in enforcement and testing. During his presidency, the EPA increased its use of consent decrees, or administrative settlements, to ensure progress continued under the budget cuts,
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electronic component (also known as the varactor diode) at
Pacific Semiconductors. This device reduced the physical size of radio tuners and eliminated the need for moving mechanical parts. This simplified the implementation of remote control TV tuners. Sachar and Barnes were awarded an Emmy in 2007.
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using bacteria in molasses to naturally breakdown the TCE into harmless sub-compounds was implemented. Other measures included engineering vapor pathways to avoid direct human contact by releasing it into the air. Jared
Blumenfeld, the former EPA director, said that TCE released in the air after the
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expressed concerns that the EPA had not been properly monitoring the site and notififying residents of a possible health issue. The EPA litigated with the responsible parties in order update its notification and testing measures to warn residents about possible exposure as early as possible and
1887:, a former Apple program manager, publicized concerns that the site had not been properly tested since 2015 after receiving an email from Apple notifying employees of forthcoming vapor intrusion testing. An EPA study in 2019 had confirmed the previous remedies effective, but Gjøvik told
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for later use. TCE is also found in household cleaners. As a result of pipe and tank degradation, the tanks leaked into the ground, resulting in contaminated soil and groundwater. TCE was later determined to be toxic to humans at high concentrations. In 2013,
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In 2014 and 2015, a newly required vapor intrusion test of the surrounding residential area, including homes, apartment buildings, and four schools, showed unacceptable levels of TCE. A 2011 study had revealed TCE caused birth defects and
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cleanup efforts reduces the concentrations to levels that eliminate health risks. Blumenfeld said that airborne TCE is not ideal, but the cleanup has reduced the toxins by 90% as of 2013, according to Max
Shahbacian, the project's lead at
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TRW LSI Products, Inc. was a wholly owned subsidiary formed to commercialize the integrated circuit technology the company had developed in support of its aerospace business. They produced some of the first commercially available
325:, founded by David Kurtz and four other Cleveland residents. Their initial products were bolts with heads electrically welded to the shafts. In 1904, a welder named Charles E. Thompson adapted their process to making automobile
543:
contended for the company with
Northrop's increased bid of US$ 7.8 billion ultimately being accepted on July 1, 2002. Soon afterward, the automotive assets of LucasVarity and TRW's own automotive group were sold to
569:, says that he got "his first big break" at age fifteen, debugging energy-grid control software for TRW. "It was kind of scary", Gates said, realizing the things the program was going to help operate. "This thing
1418:(IFVs) of the American Army. The result of this program was the creation of a whole series of automatic cannons with an external automatic drive in caliber from 25 to 40 mm, which received their own general name
1464:. The funding for this endeavor from Thompson Products was about ten times their initial investment in Ramo-Wooldridge. The original goal was to produce the recently invented transistor for commercial sales.
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since 2015 for research and development as of 2021. The octagonal glass building was renovated in 2014 and made available for occupancy in 2015. The safety of the site was verified by the EPA. In 2016, the
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Deutch, J., "End of an Era" certificate, January 15, 1997, in recognition of "Outstanding and
Dedicated Service to the United States National Security Space Program" presented to TRW Systems Integration
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agreed to a consent decree, with
Northrop Grumman as a signatory, to fund the remaining cleanup and monitoring of the site, along with two nearby sites collectively known as the "Triple Site".
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352:. Dale Drake (son of J.A. Drake) bought the Offy engine design with his partner Louis Meyer in 1946 and won the Indianapolis 500 twenty-seven times, more than any other engine design.
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At the early stage of
American research, TRW was one of the companies involved in the development of automatic guns of the Bushmaster program, where, under the leadership of engineer
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were nearly identical spacecraft, designed and fabricated by TRW Systems Group. They were optimized for ruggedness since they were the first man-made objects to pass through the
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4670:"Northrop Grumman Vapor Intrusion Evaluation Report. Former TRW Microwave Site, 825 Stewart Dr., Sunnyvale, California, TRW Microwave Superfund Site (CERCLIS ID#CAD009159088)"
410:, including ICBMs. Ramo and Wooldridge were committee members, and Ramo-Wooldridge Corp. became the lead contractor of the resulting ICBM development effort, reporting to the
348:
In 1937, Thompson Motor
Products bought J.A. Drake and Sons (JADSON). The company made high-performance valves that were used in many racing engines of the day, including the
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to their technologies and in
September 1959, Congress issued a report recommending that STL be converted to a non-profit organization. With nearly half of STL's employees,
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forcing responsible parties to pay for the cleanup. Scott Pruitt, Trump's head of the EPA threatened to cut budgets again for the enforcement. In 2019, the EPA and
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4392:"U.S. EPA reaches settlements to study and mitigate indoor air and groundwater contamination in Sunnyvale, California | Regional Associations Information Network"
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1997 – TRW Systems Integration Group receives an award for the successful development, deployment and operation of one of the nation's most vital space systems
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3680:"Public health assessment for TRW Microwave, Inc. (building 825), Sunnyvale, Santa Clara County, California, Region 9. Cerclis No. CAD009159088. Final report"
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TRW Inc. was active in the development of missile systems and spacecraft, notably, the early development of the U.S. ICBM program under the leadership of the
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The company was 57th on the Fortune 500 list of highest revenue American companies in 1986 and had 122,258 employees in 2000. It operated in 25 countries.
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and excavate the contaminated soil. In 1994, a public health study determined that the groundwater was still unacceptably contaminated, which can cause
425:. Thompson Products and Ramo-Wooldridge merged in October 1958 to form Thompson Ramo Wooldridge Inc., unofficially known as "TRW". In February 1959,
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4648:"EPA Site Visit and Vapor Intrusion Field Assessment, 825 Stewart Avenue Sunnyvale, CA, TRW Microwave Superfund Site (CERCLIS ID#CAD009159088)"
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TRW equipment/boxes can be seen stored and being unloaded in the film Close Encounters of the Third Kind during scenes filmed at Devils Tower.
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1830:. The EPA says the site has institutional controls to protect people from contact with affected water. Drinking water in the area comes from
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At the turn of 1964-65, the United States started the ambitious Bushmaster program to create small-caliber assault guns for arming promising
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The Ramo-Wooldridge Corp formed Pacific Semiconductors in June 1954, under the leadership of Harper North who had been head of electronics
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559:. The headquarters building became home to the Cleveland Clinic Wellness Institute. The TRW headquarters building was demolished in 2023.
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became chairman of the board of Space Technology Laboratories (STL), the division which continued to support the Air Force ICBM efforts.
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1704:. This is because at the time the book was written, TRW was in the business of credit reporting. However, there is no TRW building in
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In 1965, engineers Don Nelson and Dick Pick at TRW developed the Generalized Information Retrieval Language and System, for use by the
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launched Pioneer 1 as its first spacecraft on 11 October 1958. It set a distance record from Earth, and provided data on the extent of
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in September 1953, with the financial support of Thompson Products. The detonation of a thermonuclear bomb by the Soviet Union spurred
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at Jupiter, and 1 byte/s from further out. Pioneer 10 was the first man-made object to pass the planetary orbits and its last
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program to clean up the country's toxic waste sites. The site TRW (now Northrop Grumman) is responsible for is called the '
1292:(ISS), and U.S. military satellites. When first launched in 1983, the TDRS satellites were the largest, most sophisticated
301:
as systems engineers on all subsequent ICBM development efforts but TRW never produced any missile hardware because of the
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Bel Canto Stereophonic Recordings, a TRW subsidiary, was a record label active from the mid-1950s to the early 1960s.
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2094:"This New Ocean: A History of Project Mercury; Chapter 1 - The Lure, the lock, the Key (to 1958); Redstone and Atlas"
212:. It was a pioneer in multiple fields including electronic components, integrated circuits, computers, software and
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episode "Cold Hands, Warm Heart". In the episode, he plays an astronaut for "Project Vulcan". The 1967 sci-fi film
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Space Technology Laboratories (STL), then a division of Ramo-Wooldridge Corp., designed and produced the identical
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236:, after the 1958 merger of the Ramo-Wooldridge Corporation and Thompson Products. This was later shortened to TRW.
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controlled to zero. The Vela and Advanced Vela satellites were the first to alert astronomers to the presence of
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1977:
528:. The damage was estimated to be greater than US$ 10 million and was the most serious fire to date in the area.
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https://www.thefreelibrary.com/New+TRW+Gallium+Arsenide+Multichip+Power+Amplifier+Modules+Deliver...-a020768036
2014:
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2178:"Aerospace Corp.: Profile Low, Power Great: Company is Architect of Pentagon Spacecraft and Launch Rockets"
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launched in 1975. The 15.5 kg (34 lb) system performed four experiments on Martian soil using a
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2004 – Nelson P. Jackson Aerospace Award to Northrop Grumman (formerly TRW) Space Technology Sector with
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Representatives from Space Technology Laboratories (STL) present their ICBM expertise to Don and Pete in
1052:, and use of proven components were essential. As NASA's first all-atomic powered spacecraft, these used
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to compute a location in about 15 minutes, and had rounded corners to allow installation in submarines.
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series, first launched in 1967, which could detect nuclear air bursts using instruments actually called
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363:, Thompson Products was a key manufacturer of component parts for aircraft engines, including cylinder
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1257:, and they detect missile or spacecraft launches and nuclear explosions using sensors that detect the
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1552:(TTL) logic gate, which was the electronics industry standard for two decades, was invented by TRW's
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1437:, an ordinary system with automatic gas venting and locking the barrel with a rotary bolt is enough.
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Biographical Dictionary of American Business Leaders, by John N. Ingham, Greenwood Publishing Group
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4266:"Under Trump, E.P.A. Has Slowed Actions Against Polluters, and Put Limits on Enforcement Officers"
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4109:"Exclusive: Apple signs major lease in north San Jose, marking first significant entry into city"
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The TRW building is supposedly one of the credit company buildings demolished in the 1999 film
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With continued backing from Thompson Products, Ramo-Wooldridge diversified into computers and
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This article is about the former company. For the automotive company with a similar name, see
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232:. It was #57 on the 1986 Fortune 500 list, and had 122,258 employees. The company was called
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As of 2016, the site is owned by GI Partners, an investment company, and has been leased by
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421:, founding Pacific Semiconductors in 1954. They also produced scientific spacecraft such as
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The company was founded in 1901 and lasted for just over a century until being acquired by
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1988–1989 – Emmy Award for analog/digital video conversion technology to TRW LSI Products
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1060:. Pioneer 10 carried eleven instruments and Pioneer 11 carried twelve for investigating
17:
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Chandra X-ray Observatory team wins Smithsonian's National Air and Space Museum Trophy
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built at the time. The seventh vehicle in the series was ordered as a replacement when
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In 1953, the company was recruited to lead the development of the United States' first
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After the Apollo program Moon landings, the LMDE was further developed into the TRW
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2502:"Gates Calls for Increased Spending on Energy Research, Renewed Focus on Nuclear"
1681:. The two sets of stairs shown are those leading to the cafeteria of Building S.
1165:
The teams developing the following observatories continued their work as part of
243:
in 2002. It spawned a variety of corporations, including Pacific Semiconductors,
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by all pathways of exposure. In 2014, the region's congressional representative
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1990 – Goddard Award for Quality and Productivity to Space and Technology Group
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TRW Systems Group designed and built the instrument package which performed the
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cracks in the floor were exposing employees to carcinogenic fumes. She filed a
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2206:"Charles E. Thompson (American businessman) - Britannica Online Encyclopedia"
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1978:
http://www.fundinguniverse.com/company-histories/TRW-Inc-Company-History.html
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rifle, a 25 mm automatic cannon was developed under the internal designation
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4773:
4057:"Toxic Silicon Valley sites connected to HP, Intel spur new federal inquiry"
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1992 – Nelson P. Jackson Aerospace Award to Space and Technology Group with
1673:" (13 April 1967) was filmed on the then-TRW campus (now Northrop Grumman's
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Other aerospace companies believed TRW's Air Force advisory role granted it
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333:. Charles Thompson was named general manager of the company, which became
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space telescope which would have searched for Earth-sized planets in the
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252:
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4299:"Superfund and Natural Resource Damages Litigation Committee Newsletter"
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2007 – Emmy Award for Varicap to Sycom (formerly Pacific Semiconductors)
1475:
The company manufactured the RW-300 for sales in 1959, one of the first
1265:, for example, DSP satellites were able to detect the launches of Iraqi
282:
in 1957. It flew its full range in 1958 and was then adapted to fly the
196:
was an American corporation involved in a variety of businesses, mainly
4474:
3024:
2531:
extract from the USAF Space and Missile Systems Center's History Office
2054:"Necessity as the Mother of Convention: Developing the ICBM, 1954-1958"
1652:
1515:
was written by John Neblett, and was the intellectual precursor of the
1468:
1061:
275:
4163:"Apple leases lead to big paydays for value-add real estate investors"
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263:. TRW veterans were instrumental in the founding of corporations like
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United States Department of Labor Office of Administrative Law Judges
4597:
United States Department of Labor Office of Administrative Law Judges
4529:"Labor officials found that Apple execs infringed on workers' rights"
3396:"NASA Goddard Captures Prestigious Nelson P. Jackson Aerospace Award"
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before it was transferred to the EPA, and geologist Michael Calhoun.
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4556:"Apple faces probe over whether it retaliated against whistleblower"
4444:"Apple faces probe over whether it retaliated against whistleblower"
3591:"Apple faces probe over whether it retaliated against whistleblower"
3147:
Outstanding Achievement in Technical/Engineering Development Awards
1800:
referred to the site as a "paved-over environmental disaster zone".
1284:(TDRSS) were built by TRW to improve communication coverage for the
46:
1752:
2001 – Nelson P. Jackson Aerospace Award to TRW Systems Group with
1720:
1974 – Nelson P. Jackson Aerospace Award to TRW Systems Group with
1594:
for analog/digital video conversion technology. TRW also pioneered
1511:
to the programmer. It weighed about 600 lb (270 kg). The
1367:. Due to the need for a soft landing on the Moon, it was the first
3014:. A Third Survey of Domestic Electronic Digital Computing Systems.
1767:
1143:
1097:
535:
launched a US$ 5.9 billion hostile bid for TRW. Northrop Grumman,
490:. TRW Information Systems and Services Division (Credit Data) was
462:
Dean Wooldridge retired in January 1962 to become a professor at
3381:
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
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This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
3318:
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
3297:
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
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This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
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This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
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2716:
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2680:
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2659:
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2638:
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2617:
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2596:
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2273:
Offenhauser: The Legendary Racing Engine and the Men Who Built it
2111:
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
1206:
satellites which monitored the 1963 establishment of the nuclear
255:. Its automotive businesses were sold off by Northrop Grumman as
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3220:
1740:
1526:
The TRW-130 computer was introduced in 1961, and designated the
1402:
engine. This engine was used in the second stage Delta-P of the
1324:
1320:
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and provide timely warnings to civilians and military forces in
1107:
1069:
1027:
1019:
271:
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2451:"End of an era: The demolition of TRW's Lyndhurst Headquarters"
1467:
In 1957, Howard Sachar and Sanford "Sandy" Barnes invented the
1253:
currently used by the United States. These are operated by the
329:
and by 1915, the company was the largest valve producer in the
4240:"Trump Wants to Give the EPA Its Smallest Budget in 40 Years"
979:. TRW pioneered systems engineering, creating the ubiquitous
4709:
TRW Conekt Automotive Research, Test and Development website
994:
for the United States Air Force ballistic missile programs.
305:. In 1960, Congress spurred the formation of the non-profit
4713:
4418:"Silicon Valley's Toxic Past Haunts Sunnyvale Neighborhood"
4214:"Silicon Valley's Toxic Past Haunts Sunnyvale Neighborhood"
4083:"Silicon Valley's Toxic Past Haunts Sunnyvale Neighborhood"
3997:"Silicon Valley's Toxic Past Haunts Sunnyvale Neighborhood"
3945:"Silicon Valley's Toxic Past Haunts Sunnyvale Neighborhood"
3893:"Silicon Valley's Toxic Past Haunts Sunnyvale Neighborhood"
3841:"Silicon Valley's Toxic Past Haunts Sunnyvale Neighborhood"
3762:"Silicon Valley's Toxic Past Haunts Sunnyvale Neighborhood"
3651:"Silicon Valley's Toxic Past Haunts Sunnyvale Neighborhood"
3563:"US labour board examines retaliation claims against Apple"
3537:"Silicon Valley's Toxic Past Haunts Sunnyvale Neighborhood"
3482:"Silicon Valley's Toxic Past Haunts Sunnyvale Neighborhood"
3430:"Silicon Valley's Toxic Past Haunts Sunnyvale Neighborhood"
1241:
First launched in 1970, the company built all twenty-three
4708:
4619:"Ashley M. Gjovik v. Apple, Inc (Case No. 2024-CER-00001)"
4590:"Ashley M. Gjovik v. Apple, Inc (Case No. 2024-CER-00001)"
3344:
Astronautics and Aeronautics, 1991–1995 NASA SP-2000-4028
3270:
Major Professional Awards Won by AMES Personnel 1940–1980
4553:
McGee, Patrick; Temple-West, Patrick (13 December 2021).
1068:, respectively. Data was transmitted back to Earth at 8
4503:"Apple Wanted Her Fired. It Settled On an Absurd Excuse"
4470:"Apple Wanted Her Fired. It Settled On an Absurd Excuse"
4137:"Apple Wanted Her Fired. It Settled On an Absurd Excuse"
3971:"Apple Wanted Her Fired. It Settled On an Absurd Excuse"
3919:"Apple Wanted Her Fired. It Settled On an Absurd Excuse"
3216:""Star Trek" Operation - Annihilate! (TV Episode 1967)"
1391:
and make a minor course correction after damage to the
2476:"Cleveland Clinic Lyndhurst building being demolished"
2015:"CNN Money; Fortune 500; 161. TRW Automotive Holdings"
1785:(TCE), a critical chemical for cooling and degreasing
4703:
3455:"Trichloroethylene - Cancer-Causing Substances - NCI"
2980:. Easy Reader News. 20 September 2007. Archived from
2321:. Harvard Business Press. pp. 173–174, 272–273.
2225:
2223:
1261:
emissions from these intense sources of heat. During
555:
A portion of TRW's Lyndhurst campus was developed as
5011:
Defunct semiconductor companies of the United States
2319:
TRW: Pioneering Technology and Innovation Since 1900
4892:
4871:
4782:
4751:
171:
161:
143:
127:
109:
91:
83:
75:
67:
53:
4946:Defunct electronics companies of the United States
4941:Defunct engineering companies of the United States
4554:
4264:Lipton, Eric; Ivory, Danielle (10 December 2017).
2353:
1102:A satellite reflector being developed by TRW near
1018:. These were intended to orbit and photograph the
386:, among other projects. They grew frustrated with
5071:Technology companies based in Greater Los Angeles
2200:
2198:
1444:-Bührle, it was improved and manufactured as the
1249:(DSP), which are the principal components of the
1080:was received in 2002, thirty years after launch.
4986:Rocket engine manufacturers of the United States
4188:"TRW MICROWAVE, INC (BUILDING 825) Site Profile"
3813:"TRW MICROWAVE, INC (BUILDING 825) Site Profile"
3734:"TRW MICROWAVE, INC (BUILDING 825) Site Profile"
3141:
3139:
1685:had previously filmed at the TRW campus for the
1198:TRW Systems Group designed and manufactured the
4996:Defunct computer companies of the United States
2355:"Goodrich buys TRW's aeronautical arm for £1bn"
1602:systems, radios, and satellite communications.
1311:spacecraft based on their modular standardized
5036:Manufacturing companies disestablished in 2002
5021:Defunct companies based in Greater Los Angeles
4354:"EPA Settlements of Administrative Litigation"
3685:Office of Scientific and Technical Information
2901:"Oerlikon KBA(KBB) 25-мм автоматическая пушка"
1848:California State Water Resources Control Board
1818:(EPA) worked with TRW to treat the water with
502:in 1999, then selling Lucas Diesel Systems to
466:(Caltech). Simon Ramo became president of the
406:, its purpose was to study the development of
309:to provide systems engineering support to the
4729:
1947:"CNN Money, Fortune 500, TRW, 2000 rank: 103"
1899:Occupational Safety and Health Administration
1816:United States Environmental Protection Agency
1727:1978 – Nelson P. Jackson Aerospace Award for
1637:, were the subjects of the best-selling 1979
1095:(GC-MS) and a combined biological instrument.
952:
313:but TRW continued to guide the ICBM efforts.
8:
5061:Manufacturing companies based in Los Angeles
3243:"ESPN.com - Page2 - Reel Life: 'Fight Club'"
2731:Scientists, Instruments, and Subcontractors
1994:"CNN Money, Fortune 500, TRW, 1986 rank: 57"
1988:
1986:
1803:In the 1980s, the US introduced the federal
1708:, where the demolition purportedly happens.
1633:in the mid-1970s. Boyce and his accomplice,
1600:local multipoint distribution service (LMDS)
293:missile, which was later adapted to fly the
289:into orbit. TRW also led development of the
39:
5041:Technology companies disestablished in 2002
5031:Manufacturing companies established in 1901
4951:Conglomerate companies of the United States
4328:"Scott Pruitt is slowly strangling the EPA"
2048:
2046:
2044:
2036:Elon Musk's Space Dream Almost Killed Tesla
1941:
1939:
1937:
1863:keeping people away from any unsafe areas.
1230:. They also reported a mysterious apparent
4811:High Energy Astronomy Observatory Program
4736:
4722:
4714:
4694:Northrop Grumman.com: TRW Heritage webpage
2927:"Mm Trw Automatic Cannon - Machine Gun V5"
2255:
2253:
2251:
2249:
2247:
2245:
2243:
2241:
2239:
2237:
1440:The TRW-6425 design was later bought from
1161:is the third of NASA's Great Observatories
1048:and Jupiter's radiation belt. Simplicity,
959:
945:
757:
723:
580:
510:(then called TRW Aeronautical Systems) to
470:in January 1964, jointly owned by TRW and
45:
38:
5086:American companies disestablished in 2002
4976:Computer companies disestablished in 2002
4956:Auto parts suppliers of the United States
3867:"Not Even Silicon Valley Escapes History"
3788:"Not Even Silicon Valley Escapes History"
3511:"Not Even Silicon Valley Escapes History"
3194:""Mad Men" The Jet Set (2008) - Synopsis"
2298:
2296:
2294:
2292:
1973:
1971:
1969:
1967:
1965:
1963:
1152:which is the second of four among NASA's
5056:Manufacturing companies based in Indiana
4161:Donato-Weinstein, Nathan (3 June 2016).
4107:Donato-Weinstein, Nathan (9 July 2015).
3676:California Department of Health Services
1282:Tracking and Data Relay Satellite System
4023:"The Superfund Sites of Silicon Valley"
3617:"The Superfund Sites of Silicon Valley"
2312:
2310:
2308:
2275:. Wisconsin: Motorbooks International.
2123:
2121:
1933:
1647:, and the 1985 film of the same title.
1323:), Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (
592:
440:was formed in June 1960. It headed the
5026:American companies established in 1901
4971:Computer companies established in 1954
4588:Henley, Stephen R. (19 January 2024).
4527:Silberling, Amanda (31 January 2023).
3098:An introduction to automatic computers
3079:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
3072:
1375:. This, and the requirements for high
1180:around nearby stars (project canceled)
274:. Starting with the initial design by
3504:
3502:
3122:TRW LSI Products VLSI Data Book, 1984
3038:Knowledge (XXG) RSX-11 External links
2038:, Ashley Vance, Bloomberg, 2015-05-14
1912:List of Superfund sites in California
1695:, also filmed at the TRW Space Park.
1329:National Institute for Space Research
1119:TRW designed and built the following
520:On 3 February 1986, the TRW plant in
486:to specialize in technical strategic
482:, from the combination of TRWISS and
7:
5016:Defunct companies based in Cleveland
4820:High Energy Astronomy Observatory 2
4646:Schulman, Michael (7 October 2021).
4569:from the original on 26 October 2022
4482:from the original on 15 October 2021
3865:Madrigal, Alexis C. (23 July 2013).
3786:Madrigal, Alexis C. (23 July 2013).
3509:Madrigal, Alexis C. (23 July 2013).
1087:, searching for life aboard the two
474:for the production of computers and
345:'s solo flight across the Atlantic.
278:, the multi-corporate team launched
5001:Defunct computer hardware companies
4825:High Energy Astronomy Observatory 3
4815:High Energy Astronomy Observatory 1
4442:McGee, Patrick (13 December 2021).
3589:McGee, Patrick (13 December 2021).
3561:McGee, Patrick (3 September 2021).
3176:"Bel Canto to move Midwest Offices"
2429:. Arcadia Publishing. p. 124.
1781:In the 1960s and 1970s, TRW stored
1406:for 77 launches between 1972–1988.
1317:U.S. Global Change Research Program
1307:Launched in 2002, TRW produced the
1093:gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer
337:in 1926. Their experimental hollow
5006:Defunct computer systems companies
4617:DeMaio, Jerry R. (7 August 2024).
3707:US EPA, OLEM (23 September 2015).
2953:"Trw-6425 Cannon - Machine Gun V5"
2611:First into the Outer Solar System
2342:Experian Information Solutions Inc
2176:Vartabedian, Ralph (7 July 1985).
2129:"Encyclopedia Astronautica; Atlas"
1571:which is still in use as of 2016.
1343:in the oceans, lakes, atmosphere,
1210:. Subsequently, they produced the
464:California Institute of Technology
25:
5051:2002 disestablishments in Indiana
4501:Cameron, Dell (15 October 2021).
4468:Cameron, Dell (14 October 2021).
4416:Winegarner, Beth (15 June 2017).
4212:Winegarner, Beth (15 June 2017).
4135:Cameron, Dell (15 October 2021).
4081:Winegarner, Beth (15 June 2017).
3995:Winegarner, Beth (15 June 2017).
3969:Cameron, Dell (15 October 2021).
3943:Winegarner, Beth (15 June 2017).
3917:Cameron, Dell (15 October 2021).
3891:Winegarner, Beth (15 June 2017).
3839:Winegarner, Beth (15 June 2017).
3760:Winegarner, Beth (15 June 2017).
3649:Winegarner, Beth (15 June 2017).
3535:Winegarner, Beth (15 June 2017).
3480:Winegarner, Beth (15 June 2017).
3428:Winegarner, Beth (15 June 2017).
2846:"The Earth Observing System Aqua"
1754:NASA Marshall Space Flight Center
1590:IC, the TDC1007, resulting in an
1586:. They also made the first 8-bit
297:missions. The company served the
4668:Abreu, Lilian (31 August 2023).
4326:Irfan, Umair (29 January 2018).
4021:Nieves, Evelyn (26 March 2018).
3615:Nieves, Evelyn (26 March 2018).
3376:
3345:
3313:
3292:
3271:
2881:
2860:
2760:
2732:
2711:
2675:
2654:
2633:
2612:
2591:
2570:
2368:from the original on 26 May 2022
2106:
1764:NASA Goddard Space Flight Center
1621:was a TRW employee convicted of
928:
355:During the period leading up to
321:TRW originated in 1901 with the
4238:Meyer, Robinson (24 May 2017).
4055:Hepler, Lauren (1 April 2014).
3818:Environmental Protection Agency
3739:Environmental Protection Agency
3333:US Black Engineer & IT 1994
1789:, in tanks deep underground in
1569:Pick Database Management System
1567:parts. This developed into the
1539:satellite-based location system
1487:. The computer was targeted at
5046:1901 establishments in Indiana
3006:Weik, Martin H. (March 1961).
2951:Fitchett, Bev (8 March 2021).
2925:Fitchett, Bev (8 March 2021).
1666:Star Trek: The Original Series
1339:per day detailing the Earth's
1251:Satellite Early Warning System
1186:which is the successor to the
1085:Martian biological experiments
1:
5081:2002 mergers and acquisitions
5066:Superfund sites in California
4805:Functional flow block diagram
4795:Compton Gamma Ray Observatory
3312:Chapter 4: Ames in the 1990s
3182:. 4 January 1960. p. 18.
2061:Business and Economic History
1922:History of personal computers
1745:Compton Gamma Ray Observatory
1598:(GaAs) chip applications for
1222:system with the total system
1218:. It had the first dual-spin
1150:Compton Gamma Ray Observatory
992:source of systems engineering
988:functional flow block diagram
524:, burned to the ground in an
390:' management, and formed the
382:, led the development of the
234:Thompson Ramo Wooldridge Inc.
184:, LucasVarity Automotive and
4699:Astronautix.com: TRW webpage
3101:. Van Nostrand. p. 193.
2674:The Pioneer Jupiter Mission
2271:White, Gordon Eliot (1996).
1563:to control the inventory of
1452:Semiconductors and computers
402:in October 1953. Chaired by
2542:"Pioneer 0, 1, 2 Quicklook"
2155:"TRW Inc., Company History"
1873:Donald Trump administration
1550:Transistor Transistor Logic
1505:analog-to-digital converter
1429:, the author of the famous
1359:TRW designed and built the
1290:International Space Station
1154:Great Observatories program
990:. It served as the primary
901:List of space organizations
392:Ramo-Wooldridge Corporation
384:Falcon radar-guided missile
323:Cleveland Cap Screw Company
27:American industrial company
5102:
3709:"What is Vapor Intrusion?"
1644:The Falcon and the Snowman
1629:via the Soviet embassy in
1513:real-time operating system
1477:"all-transistor" computers
1416:infantry fighting vehicles
1184:James Webb Space Telescope
1142:, the first fully imaging
29:
4905:The Aerospace Corporation
4863:TRW Low Maintenance Rifle
4800:Descent propulsion system
4790:Chandra X-ray Observatory
3398:. SpaceRef. 22 March 2004
2880:Engines, Large and Small
2802:"Defense Support program"
2632:The Pioneer Jupiter Team
2527:11 September 2008 at the
2399:"FindArticles.com - CBSi"
2067:(1): 194–209. Fall 1993.
1758:Chandra X-ray Observatory
1722:NASA Ames Research Center
1679:Redondo Beach, California
1577:digital signal processing
1519:operating system for the
1315:. A joint project of the
1294:communications satellites
1243:reconnaissance satellites
1159:Chandra X-ray Observatory
1115:Space-based observatories
1026:problems prevented this.
438:The Aerospace Corporation
359:, through the end of the
245:The Aerospace Corporation
230:space-based observatories
44:
4991:Spacecraft manufacturers
4396:regionalassociations.org
1671:Operation -- Annihilate!
1623:selling security secrets
1491:applications, with 1024
1361:descent engine or (LMDE)
1146:telescope put into space
1138:, with HEAO 2 being the
522:Harrisburg, Pennsylvania
18:Thompson Ramo Wooldridge
3151:April 14, 2010, at the
3113:Computer History - 1965
1534:as part of its pre-GPS
1462:Hughes Aircraft Company
1255:Air Force Space Command
1247:Defense Support Program
1208:Partial Test Ban Treaty
1032:Earth's radiation belts
631:Timeline of spaceflight
468:Bunker-Ramo Corporation
412:United States Air Force
259:, which is now part of
4966:Credit rating agencies
4704:TRW Automotive website
2759:Webb: Past and Future
1917:Semiconductor industry
1878:Philips Semiconductors
1619:Christopher John Boyce
1584:multiplier-accumulator
1389:free return trajectory
1188:Hubble Space Telescope
1111:
935:Spaceflight portal
851:Non-rocket spacelaunch
621:History of spaceflight
605:
4358:Ecology Law Quarterly
3036:RSX-11#External links
2984:on 27 September 2018.
2978:"Local man wins Emmy"
2804:. FAS. Archived from
2755:21 April 2017 at the
2695:"Farewell Pioneer 10"
2653:The Pioneer Missions
2480:Cleveland Jewish News
2455:FreshWater Media, LLC
2387:Harrisburg Plant Fire
1834:and municipal wells.
1791:Sunnyvale, California
1101:
604:
419:electronic components
341:-cooled valves aided
307:Aerospace Corporation
4910:Goodrich Corporation
3095:Chapin, Ned (1963).
3061:on 30 September 2011
2423:Larick, Roy (2005).
2317:Dyer, Davis (1998).
1841:method developed by
1404:Delta launch vehicle
1335:, Aqua delivers 750
1140:Einstein Observatory
546:The Blackstone Group
512:Goodrich Corporation
480:Dun & Bradstreet
303:conflict of interest
104:Goodrich Corporation
4352:Rosin, Bob (1985).
4306:www.americanbar.org
4167:www.bizjournals.com
4061:www.bizjournals.com
3678:(10 January 1994).
3133:ADC Architectures 1
2957:Bev Fitchett's Guns
2931:Bev Fitchett's Guns
1897:complaint with the
1843:Stanford University
1565:Cheyenne helicopter
1373:crewed space flight
1369:throttleable engine
1365:Apollo lunar lander
1302:Challenger accident
1169:Aerospace Systems:
1121:space observatories
1056:units developed by
773:Apollo Lunar Module
214:systems engineering
163:Number of employees
41:
4961:Avionics companies
4270:The New York Times
4027:The New York Times
3621:The New York Times
3461:. 10 December 2018
3418:2007 Emmy winners]
2701:on 29 January 2012
2548:on 31 January 2009
2482:. 11 December 2023
2260:click on "History"
2135:on 14 January 2012
1669:season 1 episode "
1656:season 2 episode "
1635:Andrew Daulton Lee
1579:ICs including the
1489:industrial control
1280:The initial seven
1112:
730:Robotic spacecraft
606:
531:In February 2002,
408:ballistic missiles
378:while working for
261:ZF Friedrichshafen
4923:
4922:
3291:Mission Planning
2996:2007 Emmy winners
2826:on 23 August 2002
2361:Independent.co.uk
2182:Los Angeles Times
1783:trichloroethylene
1204:nuclear detection
1058:Teledyne Isotopes
998:Space exploration
969:
968:
863:Spaceflight types
807:
806:
764:Crewed spacecraft
756:
755:
671:Earth observation
565:, the founder of
504:Delphi Automotive
343:Charles Lindbergh
335:Thompson Products
216:. TRW built many
191:
190:
16:(Redirected from
5093:
5076:Northrop Grumman
4981:18-bit computers
4915:Northrop Grumman
4893:Related articles
4759:Lucas Industries
4738:
4731:
4724:
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4681:
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3054:. Archived from
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2822:. Archived from
2816:
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2809:
2808:on 9 April 2015.
2798:
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2781:
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2697:. Archived from
2691:
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2679:
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2658:
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2649:
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2565:
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2553:
2544:. Archived from
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2409:
2403:findarticles.com
2395:
2389:
2384:
2378:
2377:
2375:
2373:
2364:. 20 June 2002.
2357:
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2208:. Britannica.com
2202:
2193:
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2190:
2188:
2173:
2167:
2166:
2164:
2162:
2151:
2145:
2144:
2142:
2140:
2131:. Archived from
2125:
2116:
2110:
2109:
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2103:
2101:
2090:
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2083:
2081:
2075:. Archived from
2058:
2050:
2039:
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2027:
2026:
2024:
2022:
2011:
2005:
2004:
2002:
2000:
1990:
1981:
1975:
1958:
1957:
1955:
1953:
1943:
1837:In the 2000s, a
1596:gallium arsenide
1536:TRANSIT (NAVSAT)
1300:was lost in the
1228:gamma-ray bursts
1220:attitude control
1167:Northrop Grumman
977:John von Neumann
973:Teapot Committee
961:
954:
947:
933:
932:
931:
758:
747:Cargo spacecraft
724:
581:
541:General Dynamics
533:Northrop Grumman
526:eight-alarm fire
494:in 1996 to form
484:ESL Incorporated
404:John von Neumann
400:Teapot Committee
241:Northrop Grumman
210:credit reporting
156:credit reporting
100:Northrop Grumman
49:
42:
21:
5101:
5100:
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2082:on 14 May 2013.
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1996:
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1984:
1976:
1961:
1951:
1949:
1945:
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1935:
1930:
1908:
1883:In March 2021,
1828:vapor intrusion
1779:
1717:
1683:William Shatner
1616:
1608:
1454:
1412:
1357:
1234:now called the
1196:
1178:habitable zones
1117:
1000:
986:and the modern
965:
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846:Escape velocity
841:launch vehicles
819:
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732:
721:
711:
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661:
651:
650:
616:
579:
508:Lucas Aerospace
498:. TRW acquired
472:Martin Marietta
455:conversion for
427:Jimmy Doolittle
380:Hughes Aircraft
376:Dean Wooldridge
319:
311:U.S. government
186:Lucas Aerospace
164:
138:Dean Wooldridge
130:
118:Lyndhurst, Ohio
35:
28:
23:
22:
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4688:External links
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4364:(2): 363–398.
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2504:. 8 March 2013
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1839:bioremediation
1787:computer chips
1778:
1777:Superfund site
1775:
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1747:
1737:
1734:
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1725:
1724:for Pioneer 10
1716:
1713:
1639:Robert Lindsey
1615:
1612:
1607:
1604:
1543:Doppler shifts
1453:
1450:
1435:TRW model 6425
1411:
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1393:Service Module
1356:
1355:Rocket engines
1353:
1345:polar ice caps
1195:
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1024:launch vehicle
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557:Legacy Village
550:TRW Automotive
488:reconnaissance
396:Trevor Gardner
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299:U.S. Air Force
257:TRW Automotive
228:, and several
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2113:public domain
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1885:Ashley Gjøvik
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1809:TRW Microwave
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1313:satellite bus
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1286:Space Shuttle
1283:
1278:
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1267:Scud missiles
1264:
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1256:
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1248:
1244:
1239:
1237:
1236:Vela incident
1233:
1229:
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1212:Advanced Vela
1209:
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1054:plutonium-238
1051:
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1046:asteroid belt
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890:
889:Intergalactic
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783:Space Shuttle
781:
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646:Mars missions
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434:unfair access
430:
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397:
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389:
388:Howard Hughes
385:
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331:United States
328:
327:engine valves
324:
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37:
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19:
4850:
4843:
4836:
4752:Subsidiaries
4744:
4676:
4663:
4654:
4641:
4629:. Retrieved
4625:
4612:
4600:. Retrieved
4596:
4583:
4571:. Retrieved
4560:
4548:
4536:. Retrieved
4532:
4522:
4510:. Retrieved
4506:
4496:
4484:. Retrieved
4473:
4463:
4451:. Retrieved
4447:
4437:
4425:. Retrieved
4421:
4411:
4399:. Retrieved
4395:
4386:
4361:
4357:
4347:
4335:. Retrieved
4331:
4321:
4309:. Retrieved
4305:
4293:
4281:. Retrieved
4269:
4259:
4247:. Retrieved
4244:The Atlantic
4243:
4233:
4221:. Retrieved
4217:
4207:
4195:. Retrieved
4191:
4182:
4170:. Retrieved
4166:
4156:
4144:. Retrieved
4140:
4130:
4118:. Retrieved
4112:
4102:
4090:. Retrieved
4086:
4076:
4064:. Retrieved
4060:
4050:
4038:. Retrieved
4026:
4016:
4004:. Retrieved
4000:
3990:
3978:. Retrieved
3974:
3964:
3952:. Retrieved
3948:
3938:
3926:. Retrieved
3922:
3912:
3900:. Retrieved
3896:
3886:
3874:. Retrieved
3871:The Atlantic
3870:
3860:
3848:. Retrieved
3844:
3834:
3822:. Retrieved
3816:
3807:
3795:. Retrieved
3792:The Atlantic
3791:
3781:
3769:. Retrieved
3765:
3755:
3743:. Retrieved
3737:
3728:
3716:. Retrieved
3712:
3702:
3683:
3670:
3658:. Retrieved
3654:
3644:
3632:. Retrieved
3620:
3610:
3598:. Retrieved
3594:
3584:
3572:. Retrieved
3566:
3556:
3544:. Retrieved
3540:
3530:
3518:. Retrieved
3515:The Atlantic
3514:
3489:. Retrieved
3485:
3475:
3463:. Retrieved
3458:
3449:
3437:. Retrieved
3433:
3423:
3412:
3400:. Retrieved
3390:
3369:
3359:
3338:
3327:
3306:
3285:
3264:
3252:. Retrieved
3246:
3237:
3225:. Retrieved
3219:
3210:
3198:. Retrieved
3188:
3179:
3170:
3159:
3127:
3118:
3107:
3097:
3090:
3063:. Retrieved
3056:the original
3043:
3031:
3020:
3011:
3001:
2990:
2982:the original
2972:
2960:. Retrieved
2956:
2946:
2934:. Retrieved
2930:
2920:
2908:. Retrieved
2904:
2895:
2874:
2852:. Retrieved
2840:
2828:. Retrieved
2824:the original
2814:
2806:the original
2796:
2785:
2774:
2746:
2725:
2703:. Retrieved
2699:the original
2689:
2668:
2647:
2626:
2605:
2584:
2563:
2550:. Retrieved
2546:the original
2536:
2518:
2506:. Retrieved
2496:
2484:. Retrieved
2479:
2470:
2458:. Retrieved
2454:
2445:
2426:Euclid Creek
2425:
2418:
2406:. Retrieved
2402:
2393:
2382:
2370:. Retrieved
2359:
2348:
2337:
2318:
2272:
2266:
2210:. Retrieved
2185:. Retrieved
2181:
2171:
2159:. Retrieved
2149:
2137:. Retrieved
2133:the original
2098:. Retrieved
2088:
2077:the original
2064:
2060:
2031:
2019:. Retrieved
2009:
1997:. Retrieved
1950:. Retrieved
1888:
1882:
1865:
1852:
1836:
1832:Hetch Hetchy
1811:
1808:
1802:
1797:The Atlantic
1795:
1780:
1729:HEAO Program
1710:
1699:
1697:
1688:Outer Limits
1686:
1664:
1662:
1651:
1649:
1642:
1627:Soviet Union
1617:
1614:In the media
1609:
1573:
1558:
1547:
1525:
1485:vacuum tubes
1481:power supply
1474:
1466:
1455:
1448:25 mm.
1446:Oerlikon KBA
1439:
1424:
1419:
1413:
1397:
1358:
1306:
1279:
1275:Saudi Arabia
1263:Desert Storm
1240:
1232:nuclear test
1197:
1164:
1118:
1082:
1036:
1001:
981:
970:
912:Space forces
884:Interstellar
817:Space launch
659:Applications
636:Space probes
570:
561:
554:
530:
519:
516:
461:
431:
416:
398:to form the
391:
369:
357:World War II
354:
347:
334:
322:
320:
269:
238:
233:
220:, including
193:
192:
173:Subsidiaries
114:Euclid, Ohio
110:Headquarters
36:
4764:LucasVarity
4486:30 December
4427:10 February
4401:10 February
4337:10 February
4311:10 February
4283:10 February
4249:10 February
4223:10 February
4197:10 February
4172:10 February
4146:10 February
4092:10 February
4066:10 February
4040:10 February
4006:10 February
3980:10 February
3954:10 February
3928:10 February
3902:10 February
3876:10 February
3850:10 February
3797:10 February
3771:10 February
3713:www.epa.gov
3660:10 February
3634:10 February
3546:10 February
3520:10 February
3491:10 February
3465:10 February
3439:10 February
3026:RW-300 info
2962:26 December
2936:26 December
2910:26 December
2552:17 February
2486:12 December
2460:12 December
2187:17 February
2161:17 February
2139:18 February
2100:17 February
1999:17 February
1952:17 February
1824:oxygenation
1820:ultraviolet
1658:The Jet Set
1631:Mexico City
1509:transparent
1497:multiplexed
1387:to achieve
1341:water cycle
1216:bhangmeters
869:Sub-orbital
793:Spaceplanes
742:Space probe
676:Exploration
594:Spaceflight
537:BAE Systems
500:LucasVarity
350:Miller Offy
249:Bunker-Ramo
202:electronics
4930:Categories
4879:Simon Ramo
4852:Pioneer 11
4845:Pioneer 10
4538:31 January
4533:TechCrunch
4512:31 January
4453:31 January
3718:31 January
3600:31 January
3402:11 October
3065:19 October
2328:0875846068
2282:0879388838
2212:23 October
1928:References
1890:TechCrunch
1868:Apple Inc.
1860:Anna Eshoo
1822:light and
1701:Fight Club
1675:Space Park
1592:Emmy Award
1541:. It used
1507:which was
1499:to a 1.9K
1483:that used
1420:Bushmaster
1381:low weight
1349:vegetation
1202:series of
1194:Satellites
1050:redundancy
1038:Pioneer 10
834:Expendable
829:Launch pad
719:Spacecraft
701:Telescopes
696:Settlement
691:Navigation
626:Space Race
573:to work".
563:Bill Gates
445:conversion
372:Simon Ramo
361:Korean war
287:astronauts
226:Pioneer 10
218:spacecraft
206:automotive
148:Automotive
134:Simon Ramo
129:Key people
58:Automotive
4900:Astrolink
4838:Pioneer 1
4774:TRW Vidar
4370:0046-1121
4278:0362-4331
4035:0362-4331
3629:0362-4331
3254:23 August
3227:23 August
3200:23 August
3180:Billboard
2854:23 August
2830:23 August
2508:23 August
2408:23 August
2372:23 August
2073:1941-7349
2021:22 August
1805:Superfund
1693:Countdown
1588:flash ADC
1561:U.S. Army
1556:in 1961.
1532:U.S. Navy
1385:Apollo 13
1337:Gigabytes
1104:Cleveland
1078:telemetry
1016:Pioneer 2
1012:Pioneer 1
1008:Pioneer 0
917:Companies
824:Spaceport
737:Satellite
681:Espionage
577:Aerospace
567:Microsoft
423:Pioneer 1
370:In 1950,
222:Pioneer 1
198:aerospace
152:aerospace
92:Successor
62:aerospace
4936:TRW Inc.
4832:N2 chart
4783:Products
4745:TRW Inc.
4631:7 August
4602:7 August
4573:7 August
4567:Archived
4480:Archived
4378:24112799
4120:19 March
3824:19 March
3745:19 March
3574:19 March
3149:Archived
3085:AN/UYK-1
3075:cite web
3008:"RW 300"
2753:Archived
2590:Page 44
2569:Page 39
2525:Archived
2366:Archived
1980:TRW Inc.
1906:See also
1706:Delaware
1528:AN/UYK-1
1501:sample/s
1442:Oerlikon
1363:for the
1331:(INPE),
1259:infrared
1224:momentum
1174:SIM Lite
1004:payloads
838:reusable
686:Military
586:a series
584:Part of
496:Experian
492:spun off
476:monitors
253:Experian
194:TRW Inc.
144:Products
87:Acquired
54:Industry
40:TRW Inc.
4677:epa.gov
4655:epa.gov
4507:Gizmodo
4475:Gizmodo
4141:Gizmodo
3975:Gizmodo
3923:Gizmodo
3694:5176565
2705:8 March
1814:'. The
1653:Mad Men
1625:to the
1581:TDC1008
1530:by the
1503:10-bit
1495:inputs
1479:with a
1469:Varicap
1410:Weapons
1327:), and
1245:in the
1074:bytes/s
1062:Jupiter
975:led by
874:Orbital
706:Tourism
614:History
449:Mercury
317:History
284:Mercury
276:Convair
182:Girling
76:Defunct
68:Founded
4872:People
4858:TR-201
4376:
4368:
4276:
4033:
3692:
3627:
3196:. IMDb
2820:"TDRS"
2433:
2325:
2279:
2157:. 1989
2096:. 1989
2071:
2017:. 2012
1856:cancer
1715:Awards
1521:PDP-11
1517:RSX-11
1493:analog
1400:TR-201
1377:thrust
1347:, and
1333:Brazil
1298:TDRS-B
1271:Israel
1134:, and
1128:HEAO 1
1110:(1968)
1072:, 128
1066:Saturn
1022:, but
798:Vostok
539:, and
457:Gemini
365:valves
339:sodium
295:Gemini
265:SpaceX
208:, and
4673:(PDF)
4651:(PDF)
4622:(PDF)
4593:(PDF)
4374:JSTOR
4302:(PDF)
3364:Group
3059:(PDF)
3052:(PDF)
2849:(PDF)
2080:(PDF)
2057:(PDF)
1768:TDRSS
1677:) in
1641:book
1606:Music
1144:X-ray
1070:watts
984:chart
571:needs
453:Titan
442:Atlas
291:Titan
280:Atlas
4633:2024
4604:2024
4575:2024
4540:2023
4514:2023
4488:2021
4455:2023
4429:2023
4422:KQED
4403:2023
4366:ISSN
4339:2023
4313:2023
4285:2023
4274:ISSN
4251:2023
4225:2023
4218:KQED
4199:2023
4174:2023
4148:2023
4122:2022
4094:2023
4087:KQED
4068:2023
4042:2023
4031:ISSN
4008:2023
4001:KQED
3982:2023
3956:2023
3949:KQED
3930:2023
3904:2023
3897:KQED
3878:2023
3852:2023
3845:KQED
3826:2022
3799:2023
3773:2023
3766:KQED
3747:2022
3720:2023
3690:OSTI
3662:2023
3655:KQED
3636:2023
3625:ISSN
3602:2023
3576:2022
3548:2023
3541:KQED
3522:2023
3493:2023
3486:KQED
3467:2023
3441:2023
3434:KQED
3404:2023
3256:2017
3248:ESPN
3229:2017
3221:IMDb
3202:2017
3081:link
3067:2011
2964:2021
2938:2021
2912:2021
2856:2017
2832:2017
2780:Vela
2707:2011
2554:2009
2510:2017
2488:2023
2462:2023
2431:ISBN
2410:2017
2374:2017
2323:ISBN
2277:ISBN
2214:2011
2189:2012
2163:2012
2141:2012
2102:2012
2069:ISSN
2023:2012
2001:2012
1954:2012
1812:site
1766:for
1756:for
1743:for
1741:NASA
1663:The
1548:The
1371:for
1325:JAXA
1321:NASA
1309:Aqua
1273:and
1200:Vela
1108:Ohio
1064:and
1040:and
1028:NASA
1020:Moon
1014:and
1006:for
836:and
506:and
447:for
374:and
272:ICBM
251:and
154:and
102:and
84:Fate
79:2002
71:1901
60:and
4332:Vox
2230:TRW
1660:".
1460:at
1458:R+D
1431:M16
1422:.
548:as
178:CAV
4932::
4675:.
4653:.
4624:.
4595:.
4565:.
4559:.
4531:.
4505:.
4478:.
4472:.
4446:.
4420:.
4394:.
4372:.
4362:12
4360:.
4356:.
4330:.
4304:.
4272:.
4268:.
4242:.
4216:.
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