148:
1957:, §208. Thord (p.93): "Thord, the son of Bjorn Butter-Box, son of Hroald Spine, son of Bjorn Ironside, son of Ragnar Hairy-Breeks.Thord.. took possession of Hofdastrand in Skagafjord.. and made his home at Hofdi...had a third son called Snorri, who married Thorhild the Ptarmigan, daughter of Thord Gellir, and their son was Thord Horse-Head. He married Thorgerd, daughter of Thorir Slouch and Fridgerd, daughter of King Kjarval of Ireland."
42:
758:
the natives and engages in trade with them, until a bull breaks free and frightens away the natives. The natives return after three weeks with hostile intent, a skirmish ensues, and the
Greenlanders attempt as best they can to flee into the forest. Karlsefni and his men are saved by Freydis, who scares the natives off by slapping her bare breast with a sword taken from one of the fallen Greenlanders.
773:
is born in the New World. The group eventually decides to return home, and as they pass
Markland, they encounter five Skraelings (three adults and two children). The adult Skraelings disappear into the earth, while the children are taken by Karlsefni to Greenland, where they are taught to speak Norse
757:
Karlsefni's expedition discovers further south a bountiful area full of wheat, fish, and game. They attempt contact with the natives who travel in hide-covered boats. The natives leave and the
Greenlanders winter there, where their livestock flourish. The following spring, the expedition reencounters
749:
depicts
Thorfinn Karlsefni as a successful merchant from Reynines, Skagafjord, in the north of Iceland. Karlsefni embarks on a trading expedition with 40 men, and arrive at Brattahlid, Greenland where they are hosted by Eirik the Red. Karlsefni marries Gudrid that winter. Karlsefni departs with three
652:
The relatively few women among so many men caused internal dissension within the settlement, and inability to cooperate caused abandonment of the settlement in the summer of 1006. Thorfinn reached
Greenland safely, but many of the settlers drowned when their ship was wrecked in the Irish Sea.
734:, upon his death. The expedition brought women and livestock, signifying that they planned on being settled in the area for a while. Along the voyage, they ate a beached whale. They also cut timber, harvested grapes, and caught fish and game. A bull they brought frightened the native people (
750:
ships and 140 men in search of
Vinland. Karlsefni's expedition winter on a piece of land, where two scouting slaves found grapes and wild grain. Eating a beached whale causes illness, as well as a rift. Thorhall's group declared the whale to be a boon from
1307:
groups. In time, these rallies led to counter protests and vandalism of the statue. In the early morning hours of
October 2, 2018, police were called to the statue's location and found it had been toppled from its stone base and dragged into the nearby
1336:
Margaret
Elphinstone's "The Sea Road" (2000) is a novel told in the first person. As an old woman, Gudrid recounts her childhood in Iceland, her family's harrowing voyage to Greenland, her marriages, and the trip to Vinland led by Thorfinn Karlsefni.
1312:. As of 2020, the statue was being conserved, but the City of Philadelphia had no timeline for its reinstallation and was taking the appropriation of the statue by hate groups into consideration as it made plans for the future.
468:
1831:, for he himself was descended from Thorfinn...he inserted additional genealogical material into the text (Chapters 7 and 14) and made several slight alterations designed to add further lustre to his ancestor's fame."
738:). They tried to appease the natives by offering milk, but the natives took ill and battles commenced. Guðríðr Þorbjarnardóttir gave birth to Thorfinn Karlsefni's son Snorri before they headed back to Greenland.
1247:. Haukr had particular interest since he himself claimed descent from Thorfinn. However, Haukr's ancestral trace before Karlsefni's great-grandfather Thord of Hofdi deviates from other sources, and the
1163:
Thorfinn
Karlsefni was born circa 980–985 in Iceland. His father was Thord Horsehead (Þórðr hesthöfði Snorrason), and his mother was named Thorunn (Þórunn). Thord Horsehead was son of Snorri, son of
2226:
1649:, signifying "Stuff". "Mannsefni" stood for a "promising man," and "Karlsefni" for a "real" or "sterling" man... indicated that the person to whom it was applied was made of "good stuff"
454:
2112:
595:
at the insistence of his wife Gudrid. Leif agreed to lend the houses he built in
Vinland, but was unwilling to make a free gift of it. Among the other settlers to Vinland was
2455:
2507:
708:) and Markland were named by Leif; Kjalarness was where Thorvald had wrecked his ship, and the keel was left to stand as a monument, and not an anonymous shipwreck as
1495:
Ragnar Hairy-Breeks — Björn Ironside — Aslak — Thorvald Backbone (hryggr) — Björn Butterbox, etc. is the patrilineal lineage given in the
1292:(1915–1918) was installed along Philadelphia's Kelly Drive near the Samuel Memorial and unveiled on November 20, 1920. There is another casting of the statue in
2527:
543:("Saga of Eirik the Red" Henceforth Eir.), which together are referred to as "The Vinland Sagas." The two sources differ significantly in their details (see
129:
2197:
2479:
147:
1330:
reveals at its ending that the character named Ottar—an 11th-century Viking hired by a film studio as consultant and actor—is indeed Thorfinn Karlsefni.
359:
684:
postponed Thorvald's death so he can be made to accompany Karlsefni to Vinland, ultimately to suffer a more fantastical death from a shot fired by a
641:. Many Icelanders trace their roots to Snorri. The exact location of Thorfinn's colony is unknown, though it may have been the Norse settlement at
2532:
2234:
461:
2502:
2497:
2414:
2363:
1552:
1257:
1932:
crossreferences "Þórvaldr hryggr Ásleiksson" given by Haukr as Thord of Hofdi's grandfather to "Hróaldr hryggr" given by the Landnámabók.
137:
2328:
2309:
2120:
680:
records), even before Thorfinn. Although Thorvald had met his death by Native American arrows in Vinland before Karlsefni embarked,
523:, although the Cleasby-Vigfusson dictionary glosses it as "a thorough man", elaborated elsewhere as a "real man", a "sterling man".
1288:). Her bequest specified that the funds were to be used to create a series of sculptures "emblematic of the history of America."
2170:
1169:
963:
2522:
1461:
Thorstein had succumbed to disease when the couple was heading for a journey trying to recover the body of Thorvald in Vinland.
2202:
1273:
1191:
46:
1516:
Hroald Spine (Hróaldr hryggr) is called Thorvald Backbone (Þórvaldr hryggr Ásleiksson) in the genealogy of Hauksbók version
2517:
575:, an estate given to Leif by his father Eirik the Red after his death. Eirik had died in an epidemic c. 1003, though
430:
596:
287:
2512:
1795:
Eventually, they settled in what is now Newfoundland, gave birth to Snorri Thorfinnson and stayed for about three years.
1322:
1128:
727:
560:
497:
107:
1333:
Elizabeth H. Boyer published "Freydis and Gudrid" in 1978, a fictionalized account of the first Vinland settlement.
1609:
1285:
206:
1719:
2379:
1973:
2450:
338:
778:. After spending time in Greenland, Karlsefni and Gudrid return to Karlsefni's farm at Reynines, in Iceland.
1452:
has "var fjórir tigir manna annars hundraðs" with the reading of ".xl. manna ok .c. " (A, Hauksbok) footnoted
2079:
1777:
1341:
1327:
761:
The expedition heads back north, and Karlsefni searches for Thorhall in vain. Karlsefni's men encounter the
539:
1186:
868:
69:
17:
2441:
626:
writes that he took three ships with 140 men aboard, and describes the voyage in greater detail than the
618:
records that Karlsefni left Greenland with 60 men and five women, following the route taken by Leif and
642:
634:
302:
186:
1349:
1213:
1154:
722:
533:
331:
297:
292:
249:
1218:
1164:
2393:
2385:
The pre-Columbian discovery of America, by the Northmen: With Translations from the Icelandic Sagas
1921:
1903:
Eirik the Red's Saga: A Translation read before the Literary and Philosophical Society of Liverpool
770:
564:
440:
435:
425:
405:
117:
2469:
366:
2446:
1411:
1197:
766:
762:
731:
673:
619:
415:
312:
282:
196:
191:
2406:
2397:
2343:
The Book of the Settlement of Iceland: translated from the original Icelandic of Ari the Learned
2297:
1303:
By the 21st century, the statue in Philadelphia had become a common rallying location for local
1182:
520:
1223:
2430:
2410:
2359:
2338:
2324:
2305:
2275:
2198:"Viking statue turned 'flashpoint' between skinheads and Antifa toppled into Schuylkill River"
1968:
1925:
1613:
1471:
1249:
1202:
821:
377:
221:
201:
2351:
1256:
Though not shown in the family tree (right), Thorfinn also claims descent from the matriarch
1185:
bay area, which is also where Thorfinn's great-grandfather established roots, at his farm of
2293:
1978:
1901:
1475:
indicates that the great-grandfather Thord of Hofdi had emigrated (from Norway?) to Iceland.
1397:
1309:
1269:
1244:
516:
420:
50:
572:
2464:
2271:
Eiríks saga rauða og Flatøbogens Grænlendingaþáttr: samt uddrag fra Ólafssaga Tryggvasonar
2143:
1605:
1304:
216:
156:
345:
244:
41:
1277:
1178:
1177:
Thorfinn was presumably raised at his father's estate called Stad (Stað) in Reyniness (
802:
400:
395:
730:. This marriage to Gudrid was predicted earlier in the saga by Gudrid's first husband
2491:
2474:
1906:. Translated by Sephton, Rev. John. Liverpool: D. Marples & Co. 1880. p. 32.
705:
600:
568:
489:
410:
211:
2265:
1281:
646:
277:
272:
2440:
1726:, and) Gudrid went to stay with her brother-in-law Leif Eiriksson at Brattahlid" (
1293:
692:
shifts over to Karlsefni the credit for naming numerous geographic features, from
2383:
2269:
2051:
496:
in a short-lived attempt to establish a permanent settlement there with his wife
1723:
1548:
1240:
735:
372:
352:
254:
239:
592:
1778:"Legend that begins in Newfoundland ends with a 'fantasy' discovery in field"
637:, who was the first child of European descent known to have been born in the
2279:
1377:
693:
638:
556:
181:
2053:
The Icelander Thorfinn Karlsefni who Visited the Western Hemisphere in 1007
2468:
1391:
697:
176:
2483:. Vol. 26 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 878.
1297:
775:
493:
485:
171:
97:
2056:, Printed for private distribution by J . Bunford Samuel, pp. 5–9
1618:, Printed for private distribution by J. Bunford Samuel, p. 116,
1207:. Thorfinn himself also retired in the area in his later years; while
685:
509:
1276:
through a bequest that his wife, Ellen Phillips Samuel, made to the
2171:"Philly's Thorfinn Karlsefni Statue Toppled Into Schuylkill River"
1345:
726:, Thorfinn Karlsefni's expedition commenced after his marriage to
1827:, Intro., pp.30-31 "(Haukr Erlendsson) had a special interest in
1766:, ch. 12 (p.102), listed as "Snorri Karlsefnisson" in name index.
1538:
she is indicated as bearing the same name as her mother Fridgerd.
1429:
are indicated by the sigla: A=Hauksbok, B=AM 557=Skálholtsbók in
2323:, translated by Kunz, Keneva, Viking Penguin, pp. 626–676,
751:
2150:. Design Academy Eindhoven (Information Design Masters program)
2040:, §95. Aud the Deep-Minded (p. 50) to §109 Olaf Feilan (p. 55)
1153:
up to Karlsefni's father. (For further descendants, see under
700:
to Kjalarnes "Keel Ness", though "this flatly contradicts the
1730:, Ch.6, p.64); "Eirik the red received her at Brattahlid.." (
607:) or headed an expedition of her own that ended in carnage (
2144:"Entangled Duality of a Viking Statue: Þorfinnur Karlsefni"
567:. Gudrid was staying under the care of her brother-in-law
1645:, p. 122n: "Enfi" finds its equivalent in the Latin
669:) distorts the facts by giving undue credit to Thorfinn.
1811:. New York: Robert M. McBride & Company. p. 21.
1942:
1940:
1938:
1272:
was commissioned by Joseph Bunford Samuel to create a
754:, offending the Christian members and they part ways.
1344:
of Thorfinn Karlsefni is the protagonist of the 2005
515:
means "makings of a man" according to the preface of
2227:"Where is the toppled Boathouse Row Viking statue?"
2066:
1820:
1818:
1268:In the early twentieth century, Icelandic sculptor
113:
103:
92:
84:
76:
57:
32:
2315:, with indices for Personal Names and Place Names.
1507:Áslákssonar, Bjarnarsonar járnsíðu in the Hauksbók
1412:[ˈθɔrˌfɪnːʏrˈkʰa(r)tl̥ˌsɛpnɪˈθourðarˌsɔːn]
1444:, p. 666 gives "hundred plus forty men" and
537:("Saga of the Greenlanders" henceforth Grl.) and
2113:"Skinheads, protesters headed to Fairmount Park"
2021:
2005:
1915:
1913:
1880:
1852:
1824:
1755:
1711:
1695:
1658:
1592:
1445:
1211:says "he went (back) to his farm in Reyniness,"
579:has him still alive and playing host to Gudrid.
2319:Smiley, Jane, ed. (2001), "The Vinland Sagas",
1891:, p. 60, "Ch. Þorvalldr for til Vijn lanz"
1401:
1381:
603:, who may have accompanied Karlsefni's voyage (
2050:Samuel, Joseph Bunford; Einar Jónsson (1922),
1392:[ˈθorˌfinːz̠ˈkɑrlˌsevneˈθoːrðɑz̠ˌson]
676:ever led his own voyage to reach Vinland (as
531:Thorfinn's expeditions are documented in the
462:
8:
488:explorer. Around the year 1010, he followed
2456:Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography
2001:
1999:
1997:
1995:
1354:, which was adapted into an anime in 2019.
1691:
1689:
1687:
1685:
1683:
1253:version is deemed more reliably accurate.
785:
469:
455:
124:
40:
29:
18:Thorfinnr "Karlsefni" Thordarson
2080:"Interactive Map > Thorfinn Karlsefni"
360:Gesta Hammaburgensis ecclesiae pontificum
1149:Thorfinn Karlsefni's genealogy based on
633:In Vinland, Gudrid bore Thorfinn a boy,
2508:Scandinavian explorers of North America
2434:Dictionary of Canadian Biography Online
2358:, Univ. of Manitoba Press, p. 93,
2100:, Philadelphia: Temple University Press
2037:
1954:
1950:
1642:
1585:
1488:
1368:
1320:The 1967 comedic science fiction novel
136:
1967:Wallace, Birgitta (November 9, 2018).
1743:
1718:, ch. 6, "(After her husband's death,
1662:
1441:
1390:
794:
1888:
1868:
1840:
1674:
1449:
1430:
1410:
1127:
1120:
1118:
1116:
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867:
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863:
861:
859:
856:
846:
839:
829:
820:
810:
801:
7:
2111:Bender, William (October 18, 2013).
769:dead with an arrow. Karlsefni's son
704:and is assuredly wrong". Helluland (
2528:Norse colonization of North America
2405:. Oxford University Press. p.
2225:Thompson, Gary (January 30, 2020).
2084:Association for Public Art homepage
1624:. in a personal sense: manns-efni,
1181:). This estate was located in the
25:
2196:Newhouse, Sam (October 2, 2018).
1547:Thord Gellir or "Yeller", son of
1231:A more detailed genealogy (under
544:
153:Leiv Eirikson discovering America
2345:, Kendal: T. Wilson, p. 136
1235:, ch. 7) is interpolated in the
146:
2067:Samuel & Einar Jónsson 1922
1615:An Icelandic-English Dictionary
1448:, p. 94 "160 people", but
599:, the sister or half-sister of
27:11th century Icelandic explorer
2533:Norse settlements in Greenland
2233:. Philadelphia. Archived from
2169:Stamm, Dan (October 2, 2018).
2119:. Philadelphia. Archived from
1776:Mitchell, Alana (2002-11-30).
1278:Fairmount Park Art Association
1217:states he bought new lands at
88:Merchant/Trader & Explorer
1:
2503:11th-century Icelandic people
2498:10th-century Icelandic people
2142:Theodórsdóttir, Emma (2021).
2012:, ch. 7 (pp. 91-93 and notes)
1785:Leif Eriksson Monuments Pages
1702:, ch. 7 (pp. 64-67 and notes)
672:For instance, it denies that
661:It has been pointed out that
482:Thorfinn Karlsefni Thórdarson
61:
2022:Magnusson & Pálsson 1965
2006:Magnusson & Pálsson 1965
1953:, Part III, Ch. X, pp.136-;
1881:Magnusson & Pálsson 1965
1853:Magnusson & Pálsson 1965
1825:Magnusson & Pálsson 1965
1756:Magnusson & Pálsson 1965
1712:Magnusson & Pálsson 1965
1696:Magnusson & Pálsson 1965
1659:Magnusson & Pálsson 1965
1593:Magnusson & Pálsson 1965
1446:Magnusson & Pálsson 1965
1323:The Technicolor Time Machine
1274:statue of Thorfinn Karlsefni
2321:The Sagas of the Icelanders
2096:Bach, Penny Balkin (1992),
559:, Thorfinn met and married
2549:
2470:"Thorfinn Karlsefni"
2380:DeCosta, Benjamin Franklin
2098:Public Art in Philadelphia
1286:Association for Public Art
964:Þórðr fra Höfða Bjarnarson
591:Thorfinn decided to go to
2350:Pálsson, Hermann (2007),
2231:The Philadelphia Inquirer
2117:The Philadelphia Inquirer
1974:The Canadian Encyclopedia
1125:
1102:
1100:
1075:
1060:
1058:
1035:
1022:
1008:
1006:
996:
992:
990:
968:
953:
943:
939:
927:
925:
910:
896:
894:
880:
878:
850:
848:
833:
831:
814:
812:
797:
39:
2465:Beazley, Charles Raymond
2459:. New York: D. Appleton.
2439:James C. Brogan (1889).
2399:A history of the Vikings
2274:, S. L. Møllers bogtr.,
1807:Bowen, Frank C. (1938).
869:Kjarval, King of Ireland
728:Gudrid Thorbjarnardóttir
716:Saga of the Greenlanders
561:Gudrid Thorbjarnardóttir
498:Gudrid Thorbjarnardóttir
339:Saga of the Greenlanders
108:Gudrid Thorbjarnardóttir
2480:Encyclopædia Britannica
1665:, pp. 626–676 etc.
1382:
2523:11th-century explorers
1927:Antiqvitates americanæ
1809:America Sails the Seas
1402:
1260:through Thord Gellir.
1038:Thorhild the Ptarmigan
70:Icelandic Commonwealth
1859:, ch. 12, pp. 101-103
1626:a promising young man
1610:Vigfússon, Guðbrandur
1342:fictionalized version
500:and their followers.
96:Early exploration of
2518:Viking Age in Canada
2337:Ellwood, T. (1898),
2028:, ch. 14 (pp. 104-5)
1922:Rafn, Carl Christian
1887:, ch. 5 (pp.59-61);
1483:Genealogy tree notes
1155:Snorri Karlsefnisson
747:Eirik the Red's Saga
742:Eirik the Red's Saga
741:
332:Saga of Erik the Red
288:Freydís Eiríksdóttir
250:Kensington Runestone
207:Gunnbjörn's skerries
2513:Icelandic explorers
2237:on January 30, 2020
1720:Thorstein the Black
1553:Aud the Deep-Minded
1407:karlsefni Þórðarson
1387:karlsefni Þórðarson
1258:Aud the Deep-Minded
763:one-legged creature
565:Thorstein Eiriksson
441:William W. Fitzhugh
426:Patricia Sutherland
406:Carl Christian Rafn
155:, 1893 painting by
118:Snorri Thorfinnsson
2388:, J. Munsell's son
2175:NBC10 Philadelphia
2148:The After Monument
1316:In popular culture
1290:Thorfinn Karlsefni
1122:Thorfinn Karlsefni
1033:Snorri (Þórðarson)
767:Thorvald Eiriksson
732:Thorstein Eriksson
674:Thorvald Eiriksson
643:L'Anse aux Meadows
620:Thorvald Eiriksson
416:Anne Stine Ingstad
367:Book of Icelanders
313:Helgi and Finnbogi
308:Thorfinn Karlsefni
303:Bjarni Herjólfsson
283:Thorvald Eiriksson
197:Western Settlement
192:Eastern Settlement
187:L'Anse aux Meadows
138:Norse colonization
47:Statue of Thorfinn
34:Thorfinn Karlsefni
2416:978-0-19-285139-0
2365:978-0-887-55370-7
2339:"Part III, Ch. X"
2302:The Vinland Sagas
2294:Magnusson, Magnus
1427:Eiríks saga rauða
1363:Explanatory notes
1233:Eiríks saga rauða
1214:Grænlendinga saga
1161:
1160:
1144:
1143:
1140:
1139:
782:Family background
723:Grœnlendinga saga
720:According to the
702:Grœnlendinga saga
663:Eiríks saga rauða
540:Eiríks saga rauða
534:Grœnlendinga saga
479:
478:
378:Greenlandic Norse
293:Gunnbjörn Ulfsson
234:Alleged artifacts
202:Middle Settlement
123:
122:
16:(Redirected from
2540:
2484:
2472:
2460:
2444:
2442:"Thorfinn"
2420:
2404:
2389:
2368:
2346:
2333:
2314:
2298:Pálsson, Hermann
2282:
2247:
2246:
2244:
2242:
2222:
2216:
2215:
2213:
2211:
2193:
2187:
2186:
2184:
2182:
2166:
2160:
2159:
2157:
2155:
2139:
2133:
2132:
2130:
2128:
2123:on July 20, 2020
2108:
2102:
2101:
2093:
2091:
2090:
2076:
2070:
2064:
2058:
2057:
2047:
2041:
2035:
2029:
2019:
2013:
2003:
1990:
1989:
1987:
1985:
1979:Historica Canada
1964:
1958:
1944:
1933:
1931:
1917:
1908:
1907:
1898:
1892:
1878:
1872:
1866:
1860:
1850:
1844:
1838:
1832:
1822:
1813:
1812:
1804:
1798:
1797:
1792:
1791:
1782:
1773:
1767:
1762:, ch. 7 (p.66),
1753:
1747:
1741:
1735:
1722:conveyed her to
1709:
1703:
1693:
1678:
1672:
1666:
1656:
1650:
1640:
1634:
1633:
1606:Cleasby, Richard
1602:
1596:
1590:
1573:
1570:
1564:
1561:
1555:
1545:
1539:
1532:
1526:
1525:Björn byrðusmjör
1523:
1517:
1514:
1508:
1505:
1499:
1493:
1476:
1468:
1462:
1459:
1453:
1439:
1433:
1423:
1417:
1414:
1409:
1398:Modern Icelandic
1394:
1389:
1373:
1310:Schuylkill River
1245:Haukr Erlendsson
1227:
1206:
1195:
1173:
799:
798:
795:
786:
517:Magnus Magnusson
471:
464:
457:
421:Birgitta Wallace
150:
140:of North America
125:
66:
63:
44:
30:
21:
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2094:; adapted from
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2020:
2016:
2004:
1993:
1983:
1981:
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1936:
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1572:Þórðr hesthöfði
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1425:Manuscripts of
1424:
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1374:
1370:
1365:
1360:
1318:
1305:white supremacy
1266:
1221:
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1189:
1167:
1073:Thord Horsehead
961:
903:Björn Butterbox
784:
744:
718:
659:
585:
553:
529:
521:Hermann Pálsson
506:
475:
446:
445:
391:
383:
382:
326:
318:
317:
268:
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235:
227:
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217:Tanfield Valley
167:
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157:Christian Krohg
139:
72:
67:
64:
53:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
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2505:
2500:
2490:
2489:
2486:
2485:
2475:Chisholm, Hugh
2461:
2436:
2426:
2425:External links
2423:
2422:
2421:
2415:
2403:(Open Library)
2390:
2370:
2369:
2364:
2347:
2334:
2329:
2316:
2310:
2284:
2283:
2268:, ed. (1891),
2255:
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2249:
2248:
2217:
2206:. Philadelphia
2188:
2177:. Philadelphia
2161:
2134:
2103:
2071:
2059:
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2014:
1991:
1959:
1934:
1909:
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1768:
1748:
1736:
1734:. Ch. 6, p.90)
1704:
1679:
1667:
1651:
1635:
1630:a thorough man
1628:; karls-efni,
1597:
1584:
1583:
1581:
1578:
1575:
1574:
1565:
1563:Þórhildr Rjúpa
1556:
1551:, grandson of
1540:
1527:
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1328:Harry Harrison
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1265:
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1165:Thord of Hofdi
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822:Björn Ironside
818:
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803:Ragnar Lodbrok
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298:Snæbjörn galti
295:
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93:Known for
90:
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81:
78:
74:
73:
68:
59:
55:
54:
45:
37:
36:
33:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
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2482:
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2448:
2447:Wilson, J. G.
2443:
2437:
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2367:
2361:
2357:
2353:
2352:"§208. Thord"
2348:
2344:
2340:
2335:
2332:
2330:0-14-100003-1
2326:
2322:
2317:
2313:
2311:0-14-044154-9
2307:
2303:
2299:
2295:
2291:
2290:
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2277:
2273:
2272:
2267:
2266:Storm, Gustav
2263:
2262:
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2253:
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2228:
2221:
2218:
2205:
2204:
2199:
2192:
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2176:
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2135:
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2118:
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2063:
2060:
2055:
2054:
2046:
2043:
2039:
2034:
2031:
2027:
2023:
2018:
2015:
2011:
2007:
2002:
2000:
1998:
1996:
1992:
1980:
1976:
1975:
1970:
1963:
1960:
1956:
1952:
1948:
1943:
1941:
1939:
1935:
1929:
1928:
1923:
1919:For example,
1916:
1914:
1910:
1905:
1904:
1897:
1894:
1890:
1886:
1882:
1877:
1874:
1871:, p. 301
1870:
1865:
1862:
1858:
1854:
1849:
1846:
1843:, p. 301
1842:
1837:
1834:
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1826:
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1815:
1810:
1803:
1800:
1796:
1786:
1779:
1772:
1769:
1765:
1761:
1757:
1752:
1749:
1746:, p. 666
1745:
1740:
1737:
1733:
1729:
1725:
1721:
1717:
1713:
1708:
1705:
1701:
1697:
1692:
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1686:
1684:
1680:
1677:, p. 300
1676:
1671:
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1648:
1644:
1639:
1636:
1632:
1631:
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1623:
1617:
1616:
1611:
1607:
1601:
1598:
1595:, Intro., p.8
1594:
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1306:
1301:
1299:
1295:
1291:
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1279:
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1271:
1270:Einar Jónsson
1264:In modern art
1263:
1261:
1259:
1254:
1252:
1251:
1246:
1242:
1238:
1234:
1229:
1225:
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1027:
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1018:
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1013:
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988:
986:
985:
982:
980:
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965:
958:
955:
951:
949:
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941:
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935:
922:
919:
917:
916:
908:Thorir Slouch
901:
899:
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873:
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855:
853:
845:
843:
838:
836:
828:
826:
823:
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772:
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764:
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748:
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737:
733:
729:
725:
724:
715:
713:
711:
707:
706:Baffin Island
703:
699:
695:
691:
687:
683:
679:
675:
670:
668:
664:
656:
654:
650:
648:
644:
640:
636:
631:
629:
625:
621:
617:
612:
610:
606:
602:
601:Leif Eriksson
598:
594:
590:
587:According to
582:
580:
578:
574:
570:
569:Leif Eriksson
566:
562:
558:
550:
548:
546:
545:#Saga sources
542:
541:
536:
535:
526:
524:
522:
518:
514:
511:
503:
501:
499:
495:
491:
490:Leif Eriksson
487:
483:
472:
467:
465:
460:
458:
453:
452:
450:
449:
442:
439:
437:
434:
432:
431:Robert McGhee
429:
427:
424:
422:
419:
417:
414:
412:
411:Helge Ingstad
409:
407:
404:
402:
399:
397:
394:
393:
387:
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371:
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364:
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286:
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256:
253:
251:
248:
246:
243:
241:
238:
237:
231:
230:
223:
220:
218:
215:
213:
212:Great Ireland
210:
208:
205:
203:
200:
198:
195:
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190:
188:
185:
183:
180:
178:
175:
173:
170:
169:
163:
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158:
154:
149:
145:
144:
141:
135:
131:
127:
126:
119:
116:
112:
109:
106:
102:
99:
95:
91:
87:
83:
80:c. after 1007
79:
75:
71:
60:
56:
52:
51:Einar Jónsson
48:
43:
38:
31:
19:
2478:
2454:
2433:
2398:
2384:
2372:
2371:
2355:
2342:
2320:
2301:
2287:Translations
2286:
2285:
2270:
2258:
2257:
2239:. Retrieved
2235:the original
2230:
2220:
2208:. Retrieved
2201:
2191:
2179:. Retrieved
2174:
2164:
2152:. Retrieved
2147:
2137:
2125:. Retrieved
2121:the original
2116:
2106:
2097:
2087:. Retrieved
2083:
2074:
2062:
2052:
2045:
2038:Pálsson 2007
2033:
2025:
2017:
2009:
1984:November 19,
1982:. Retrieved
1972:
1962:
1955:Pálsson 2007
1951:Ellwood 1898
1946:
1930:, Schulzianæ
1926:
1902:
1896:
1884:
1876:
1864:
1856:
1848:
1836:
1829:Eirik's saga
1828:
1808:
1802:
1794:
1788:. Retrieved
1784:
1771:
1763:
1759:
1751:
1739:
1731:
1727:
1715:
1707:
1699:
1670:
1654:
1646:
1643:DeCosta 1901
1638:
1629:
1625:
1621:
1619:
1614:
1600:
1588:
1568:
1559:
1543:
1535:
1530:
1521:
1512:
1503:
1496:
1491:
1470:
1466:
1457:
1437:
1426:
1421:
1404:
1384:
1371:
1351:Vinland Saga
1350:
1339:
1335:
1332:
1321:
1319:
1302:
1289:
1282:Philadelphia
1267:
1255:
1248:
1236:
1232:
1230:
1212:
1208:
1176:
1162:
1150:
1121:
976:Thord Gellir
857:Hroald Spine
765:that shoots
760:
756:
746:
745:
721:
719:
709:
701:
689:
681:
677:
671:
666:
662:
660:
657:Saga sources
651:
647:Newfoundland
632:
627:
623:
615:
613:
608:
604:
588:
586:
576:
554:
538:
532:
530:
512:
507:
492:'s route to
481:
480:
365:
358:
351:
346:Flateyjarbók
344:
337:
330:
307:
278:Leif Erikson
273:Erik the Red
245:Skálholt Map
152:
2394:Jones, Gwyn
2356:Landnámabók
2304:, Penguin,
2069:, p. 5
1969:"Karlsefni"
1947:Landnámabók
1744:Smiley 2001
1724:Eiriksfjord
1663:Smiley 2001
1620:EFNI n. ..
1549:Olaf Feilan
1472:Landnámabók
1442:Smiley 2001
1250:Landnámabók
1222: [
1209:Eiríks saga
1201: [
1198:Hofdastrand
1190: [
1179:Reynistaður
1168: [
1151:Landnámabók
789:Family Tree
563:, widow of
390:Researchers
255:Vinland Map
240:Maine penny
222:Straumfjörð
2492:Categories
2254:References
2241:January 2,
2210:January 2,
2181:January 2,
2154:January 2,
2127:January 2,
2089:2016-08-03
1889:Storm 1891
1869:Jones 1968
1841:Jones 1968
1790:2008-08-25
1675:Jones 1968
1450:Storm 1891
1431:Storm 1891
1284:, now the
1183:Skagafjord
736:Skraelings
573:Brattahlíð
436:Gwyn Jones
325:Literature
85:Occupation
65: 980
2451:Fiske, J.
2431:Biography
2396:(1989) .
1781:(Reprint)
1580:Citations
1378:Old Norse
1358:Footnotes
1294:Reykjavík
712:puts it.
694:Helluland
639:New World
557:Greenland
551:Greenland
513:Karlsefni
486:Icelandic
267:Explorers
182:Helluland
2467:(1911).
2453:(eds.).
2382:(1901),
2300:(1965),
2280:64689433
1924:(1837),
1612:(1922),
1536:Hauksbók
1497:Hauksbók
1243:text of
1241:Hauksbók
971:Thorgerd
913:Fridgerd
776:baptized
774:and are
698:Markland
547:below).
504:Nickname
373:Skræling
353:Hauksbók
177:Markland
130:a series
128:Part of
114:Children
2477:(ed.).
2373:Studies
1647:Materia
1534:In the
1403:Þorfinn
1383:Þorfinn
1348:series
1298:Iceland
1219:Glaumby
1078:Thorunn
597:Freydis
593:Vínland
583:Vinland
527:History
494:Vinland
484:was an
172:Vinland
104:Partner
98:Vinland
2413:
2362:
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