49:
2042:
383:
480:, there were probably a number of later expeditions from Greenland to gather timber. A 1347 Icelandic document records that a ship went off course and ended up in Iceland in the process of returning from Markland, without further specifying where Markland was.
369:
504:
has been suggested as a possible candidate for the site. The climate and the vegetation in this region may have changed significantly since the sagas were conceived, owing to the
355:
30:
48:
952:
501:
260:
2081:
1999:
2017:
362:
888:
38:
686:
650:
1098:
795:
741:
716:
1060:
758:
2022:
1230:
557:("Land of the Flat Stones)". Next, Eriksson came to a land that was flat and wooded, with white sandy beaches, which he called
669:
2012:
1280:
1085:
945:
2071:
331:
188:
1161:
787:
2027:
1040:
614:
The only known mention of
Markland in the Middle Ages outside of the Nordic area occurs in a chronicle written by the
1188:
107:
2045:
1225:
1132:
1125:
1103:
938:
708:
629:
20:
1265:
1250:
1065:
1050:
567:
533:
438:
239:
2066:
1380:
1270:
1260:
1255:
1075:
1055:
1012:
1782:
1215:
1210:
1193:
1137:
1032:
1080:
970:
565:
because
Greenland has only one small forest and normally relies on driftwood or imports for lumber. The
497:
542:
203:
87:
1171:
1142:
1045:
832:
584:
505:
232:
198:
193:
150:
2007:
1220:
923:
341:
336:
326:
306:
681:
267:
1390:
1242:
1181:
1070:
1002:
978:
870:
572:
420:
316:
213:
208:
183:
97:
92:
2076:
1166:
1017:
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862:
791:
737:
712:
278:
122:
102:
702:
1589:
961:
852:
844:
811:
489:
321:
670:
http://www.myoldmaps.com/renaissance-maps-1490-1800/4316-skalholt-map/4316-skalholt-map.pdf
1198:
1176:
1120:
1090:
974:
633:
399:
117:
57:
596:, northwest of an island called Bjarney, and with a country that Karlsefni thinks may be
387:
246:
145:
1872:
1656:
1320:
1007:
621:
609:
509:
301:
296:
2060:
1733:
1631:
1594:
1554:
1420:
1149:
1108:
874:
766:
597:
571:
also tells of 160 men and women who settled in
Markland for winter protection led by
538:
520:
462:
414:
311:
112:
519:
has been placed everywhere from Baffin Island to the northern
Labrador coast beyond
496:
region of the
Northern Hemisphere north of the location of Vinland on the island of
1325:
1315:
1298:
1115:
816:
704:
The Frozen Echo: Greenland and the
Exploration of North America, Ca. A.D. 1000–1500
382:
178:
173:
848:
781:
1807:
1765:
1688:
1601:
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1459:
1370:
1154:
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253:
155:
140:
1984:
1772:
1755:
1703:
1693:
1678:
1646:
1636:
1514:
1464:
1340:
1335:
1303:
1022:
833:"Marckalada: The First Mention of America in the Mediterranean Area (c. 1340)"
900:
866:
624:
in the first half of the 14th century. This is the only known mention of the
1979:
1974:
1964:
1897:
1802:
1698:
1661:
1651:
1611:
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82:
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1728:
1718:
1713:
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1444:
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1410:
1405:
1395:
1330:
1288:
997:
477:
458:
453:
541:
set out in 1002 or 1003 to follow the route that was first described by
1969:
1957:
1947:
1922:
1912:
1907:
1887:
1877:
1852:
1792:
1750:
1723:
1641:
1574:
1569:
1549:
1539:
1494:
1489:
1479:
1474:
1415:
1400:
1350:
857:
645:
589:
515:
The particular part of the
Labrador coast is difficult to pinpoint, as
470:
434:
72:
1989:
1942:
1927:
1892:
1867:
1832:
1827:
1760:
1745:
1683:
1621:
1606:
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1534:
1524:
1519:
1432:
1427:
1385:
1355:
545:. The first land that Eriksson went to was covered with flat rocks (
930:
1862:
1847:
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1812:
1797:
1740:
1708:
1673:
1668:
1626:
1616:
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1360:
1203:
618:
615:
493:
381:
561:("Forest Land"). Eriksson's crew cut down trees and took them to
1932:
1579:
934:
457:) is the name given to one of three lands on North America's
588:
indicates that
Markland is south of Helluland, north of
889:"A monk in 14th-century Italy wrote about the Americas"
488:
Markland has been suggested to have been part of the
492:
in Canada, as
Labrador lies in the heavily forested
390:
showing
Latinized Norse placenames in North America:
1998:
1279:
1241:
1031:
985:
780:Kraus, Michael; Joyce, Davis D. (January 1, 1990).
759:"Where in North America did the Vikings Settle?"
736:. Alexandria, VA: Time-Life Books. p. 150.
476:Although it was never recorded to be settled by
946:
363:
8:
977:origin primarily identified as speakers of
953:
939:
931:
370:
356:
25:
856:
261:Gesta Hammaburgensis ecclesiae pontificum
465:around 1000 AD. It was located south of
2018:Christianisation of Anglo-Saxon England
662:
37:
452:
7:
924:Markland and Helluland Archaeology
687:National Museum of Natural History
651:Norse colonization of the Americas
14:
54:Leiv Eirikson discovering America
2041:
2040:
523:to the southern Labrador Coast.
47:
2082:2nd millennium in North America
2023:Christianization of Scandinavia
783:The Writing of American History
2013:Christianization of the Franks
1086:Continental Germanic mythology
610:Galvano Fiamma § Writings
600:somewhere opposite its coast.
1:
849:10.1080/00822884.2021.1943792
831:Chiesa, Paolo (2021-05-04).
788:University of Oklahoma Press
577:Þorfinnr Karlsefni Þórðarson
2028:Christianization of Iceland
701:Seaver, Kristen A. (1996).
2098:
607:
18:
2036:
968:
709:Stanford University Press
630:Columbus's voyage in 1492
21:Markland (disambiguation)
1266:North Germanic languages
1251:Germanic parent language
732:Wernick, Robert (1979).
690:. Arctic Studies Center.
568:Saga of the Greenlanders
534:Saga of the Greenlanders
450:Old Norse pronunciation:
439:Great Northern Peninsula
240:Saga of the Greenlanders
1271:West Germanic languages
1261:East Germanic languages
1256:Proto-Germanic language
1076:Proto-Germanic folklore
1013:Romano-Germanic culture
431:(location undetermined)
553:) and so he called it
442:
1081:Anglo-Saxon mythology
971:Ethnolinguistic group
385:
16:Area in North America
2072:Viking Age in Canada
585:Saga of Erik the Red
506:Medieval Warm Period
461:shore discovered by
454:[ˈmɑrkˌlɑnd]
233:Saga of Erik the Red
189:Freydís Eiríksdóttir
151:Kensington Runestone
108:Gunnbjörn's skerries
19:For other uses, see
2008:Gothic Christianity
682:"The Vinland sagas"
342:William W. Fitzhugh
327:Patricia Sutherland
307:Carl Christian Rafn
56:, 1893 painting by
1391:Germani cisrhenani
1099:Funerary practices
1003:Pre-Roman Iron Age
979:Germanic languages
763:The Ensign Message
573:Thorfinn Karlsefni
543:Bjarni Herjólfsson
443:
421:Labrador Peninsula
317:Anne Stine Ingstad
268:Book of Icelanders
214:Helgi and Finnbogi
209:Thorfinn Karlsefni
204:Bjarni Herjólfsson
184:Thorvald Eiriksson
98:Western Settlement
93:Eastern Settlement
88:L'Anse aux Meadows
39:Norse colonization
2054:
2053:
1226:Gothic and Vandal
1018:Germanic Iron Age
993:Nordic Bronze Age
975:Northern European
837:Terrae Incognitae
812:Sturlason, Snorre
757:Chapman, Paul H.
400:mythical location
380:
379:
279:Greenlandic Norse
194:Gunnbjörn Ulfsson
135:Alleged artifacts
103:Middle Settlement
2089:
2044:
2043:
2000:Christianization
1590:Ripuarian Franks
962:Germanic peoples
955:
948:
941:
932:
911:
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907:
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879:
878:
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828:
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821:
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771:
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769:on May 25, 2009.
765:. Archived from
754:
748:
747:
729:
723:
722:
698:
692:
691:
678:
672:
667:
622:Galvaneus Fiamma
456:
451:
433:• Promontory of
419:• Markland (the
372:
365:
358:
322:Birgitta Wallace
51:
41:of North America
26:
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2088:
2087:
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1199:Gothic alphabet
1091:Norse mythology
1027:
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790:. p. 445.
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634:Northern Europe
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604:Milanese record
598:Hvítramannaland
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118:Tanfield Valley
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58:Christian Krohg
40:
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17:
12:
11:
5:
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2067:Saga locations
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1657:Thracian Goths
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1008:Roman Iron Age
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918:External links
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895:. 2021-09-25.
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711:. p. 28.
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608:Main article:
605:
602:
528:
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510:Little Ice Age
502:Cape Porcupine
500:. The area of
490:Labrador coast
485:
482:
425:• Land of the
392:• Land of the
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1033:Early culture
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893:The Economist
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876:
872:
868:
864:
859:
854:
850:
846:
843:(2): 88–106.
842:
838:
834:
827:
824:
819:
818:
813:
807:
804:
799:
797:9780806122342
793:
789:
785:
784:
776:
773:
768:
764:
760:
753:
750:
745:
743:0-8094-2709-5
739:
735:
728:
725:
720:
718:9780804731614
714:
710:
706:
705:
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689:
688:
683:
677:
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631:
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623:
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587:
586:
580:
578:
574:
570:
569:
564:
560:
556:
552:
548:
544:
540:
539:Leif Eriksson
536:
535:
526:
524:
522:
521:Groswater Bay
518:
513:
511:
507:
503:
499:
495:
491:
483:
481:
479:
474:
472:
469:and north of
468:
464:
463:Leif Eriksson
460:
455:
447:
440:
436:
430:
429:
422:
416:
415:Baffin Island
412:
407:
401:
397:
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389:
384:
373:
368:
366:
361:
359:
354:
353:
351:
350:
343:
340:
338:
335:
333:
332:Robert McGhee
330:
328:
325:
323:
320:
318:
315:
313:
312:Helge Ingstad
310:
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300:
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124:
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119:
116:
114:
113:Great Ireland
111:
109:
106:
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101:
99:
96:
94:
91:
89:
86:
84:
81:
79:
76:
74:
71:
70:
64:
63:
59:
55:
50:
46:
45:
42:
36:
32:
28:
27:
22:
1326:Anglo-Saxons
1316:Adrabaecampi
1299:Bucinobantes
1041:Architecture
928:
904:. Retrieved
892:
883:
840:
836:
826:
817:Heimskringla
815:
806:
782:
775:
767:the original
762:
752:
733:
727:
703:
696:
685:
676:
665:
613:
593:
583:
581:
579:), c. 1010.
576:
566:
558:
554:
550:
532:
530:
514:
498:Newfoundland
487:
475:
445:
444:
426:
393:
388:Skálholt Map
266:
259:
252:
247:Flateyjarbók
245:
238:
231:
179:Leif Erikson
174:Erik the Red
146:Skálholt Map
77:
53:
1766:Nahanarvali
1689:Hilleviones
1602:Frisiavones
1470:Cananefates
1460:Burgundians
1371:Banochaemae
1221:Anglo-Saxon
1172:Anglo-Saxon
1138:Anglo-Saxon
1121:Anglo-Saxon
1104:Anglo-Saxon
858:2434/860960
734:The Vikings
632:outside of
537:tells that
291:Researchers
156:Vinland Map
141:Maine penny
123:Straumfjörð
2061:Categories
1985:Vinoviloth
1773:Marcomanni
1756:Helveconae
1734:Heaðobards
1704:Istvaeones
1694:Ingaevones
1679:Hermunduri
1647:Ostrogoths
1637:Greuthungi
1515:Chattuarii
1341:Angrivarii
1336:Ampsivarii
1304:Lentienses
1133:Literature
1023:Viking Age
906:2021-11-10
657:References
337:Gwyn Jones
226:Literature
1980:Vidivarii
1975:Victohali
1965:Vangiones
1898:Thuringii
1803:Nuithones
1699:Irminones
1662:Visigoths
1652:Thervingi
1612:Gambrivii
1565:Dulgubnii
1560:Dauciones
1510:Chasuarii
1450:Brondings
1376:Bastarnae
1366:Baiuvarii
1346:Armalausi
1309:Raetovari
1243:Languages
1211:Symbology
1071:Folklore
1066:Festivals
901:0013-0613
875:236457428
867:0082-2884
626:New World
594:Kjalarnes
563:Greenland
555:Helluland
547:Old Norse
517:Helluland
467:Helluland
411:Helluland
406:Greenland
386:The 1590
168:Explorers
83:Helluland
2077:Labrador
2046:Category
1953:Hasdingi
1938:Usipetes
1918:Tubantes
1903:Toxandri
1883:Tencteri
1858:Suarines
1843:Sicambri
1838:Semnones
1818:Reudigni
1788:Mattiaci
1778:Marsacii
1729:Lombards
1719:Lacringi
1714:Juthungi
1545:Corconti
1530:Cherusci
1505:Charudes
1485:Chaedini
1455:Bructeri
1440:Bateinoi
1411:Eburones
1406:Condrusi
1401:Caeroesi
1396:Atuatuci
1331:Ambrones
1294:Brisgavi
1289:Alemanni
1167:Paganism
1056:Clothing
1051:Calendar
998:Germania
814:(1230).
640:See also
616:Milanese
559:Markland
484:Location
478:Norsemen
459:Atlantic
446:Markland
428:Skræling
274:Skræling
254:Hauksbók
78:Markland
31:a series
29:Part of
1970:Varisci
1958:Silingi
1948:Vandals
1923:Tulingi
1913:Triboci
1908:Treveri
1888:Teutons
1878:Taifals
1853:Sitones
1793:Nemetes
1751:Helisii
1724:Lemovii
1642:Gutones
1575:Firaesi
1570:Favonae
1550:Cugerni
1540:Cobandi
1495:Chamavi
1490:Chaemae
1480:Casuari
1475:Caritni
1445:Betasii
1416:Paemani
1351:Auiones
1216:Warfare
1194:Scripts
1162:Numbers
986:History
646:Vikings
628:before
590:Vinland
471:Vinland
435:Vinland
73:Vinland
1990:Warini
1943:Vagoth
1928:Tungri
1893:Thelir
1873:Swedes
1868:Sunici
1833:Saxons
1828:Rugini
1761:Manimi
1746:Diduni
1684:Heruli
1622:Gepids
1607:Frisii
1585:Franks
1535:Cimbri
1525:Chauci
1520:Chatti
1433:Nervii
1428:Morini
1386:Belgae
1381:Batavi
1356:Avarpi
1321:Angles
1281:Groups
1231:Viking
1177:Gothic
1155:Gothic
1061:Family
899:
873:
865:
794:
740:
715:
67:Places
33:on the
1863:Suebi
1848:Sciri
1823:Rugii
1813:Quadi
1798:Njars
1783:Marsi
1741:Lugii
1709:Jutes
1674:Harii
1669:Gutes
1627:Goths
1617:Geats
1555:Danes
1500:Chali
1421:Segni
1361:Baemi
1204:Runes
1189:Rings
1182:Norse
1150:Names
1143:Norse
1126:Norse
1109:Norse
871:S2CID
619:friar
551:hella
527:Sagas
494:taiga
437:(the
1933:Ubii
1580:Fosi
1465:Buri
897:ISSN
863:ISSN
792:ISBN
738:ISBN
713:ISBN
592:off
582:The
531:The
508:and
395:Risi
1808:Osi
1116:Law
1046:Art
973:of
853:hdl
845:doi
398:(a
2063::
891:.
869:.
861:.
851:.
841:53
839:.
835:.
786:.
761:.
707:.
684:.
636:.
549::
512:.
473:.
409:•
404:•
1093:)
954:e
947:t
940:v
909:.
877:.
855::
847::
820:.
800:.
746:.
721:.
575:(
448:(
441:)
423:)
417:)
413:(
402:)
371:e
364:t
357:v
23:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
