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with forestomach fermentation. Their food intake is approximately 2.1% of the body mass of females and 1.6% for males. They can obtain their water through the foliage they consume, but drink regularly when water is available. Giraffes seek out acacia species when browsing. Their feeding stimulates shoot production of the species.
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Giraffes are exclusively browsers that primarily feed on leaves and shoots of trees and shrubs. They consume deciduous plants in the wet season and transition to evergreen and semi-evergreen species in the dry season, choosing flowers, fruits, and pods when they are available. They are true ruminants
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Thornicroft's giraffes are tall with very long necks. They have long, dark tongues and skin-colored horns. Giraffes have a typical coat pattern, with regional differences among subspecies. The pattern consists of large, irregular shaped brown to black patches separated by white to yellow bands. Male
359:
Thornicroft's giraffes breed throughout the year. They reach sexual maturity at approximately six years, and then produce offspring approximately every 677 days. About half of all calves die before one year of age, mostly due to predation. Giraffes can become pregnant while lactating, an unusual
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is endemic to Zambia with a population of less than 550. There are none in captivity. Ecotourism has played a vital role in conservation of all subspecies of giraffes, due to their popularity with tourists. Giraffes as a species are classified as
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giraffes' coats darken with age, particularly the patches. The darkening of the coat has not been studied extensively enough to indicate absolute age; however, it can estimate relative age of male
Thornicroft's giraffes.
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Giraffes occur in arid and dry-savannah zones in sub-Saharan Africa, provided trees are available as a food source. Thornicroft's giraffe is endemic to Zambia. Giraffes are herd animals with a flexible social system.
742:
Fennessy, J. & Brown, D. 2010. Giraffa camelopardalis. In: IUCN 2013. IUCN Red List of
Threatened Species. Version 2013.2. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 02 May 2014.
681:
Berry, P. S. M., and F. B. Bercovitch. "Darkening coat colour reveals life history and life expectancy of male
Thornicroft's giraffes." Journal of Zoology 287.3 (2012): 157–160.
546:"A comparative approach for species delimitation based on multiple methods of multi-locus DNA sequence analysis: A case study of the genus Giraffa (Mammalia, Cetartiodactyla)"
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Bercovitch, Fred B., and Philip SM Berry. "Ecological determinants of herd size in the
Thornicroft’s giraffe of Zambia." African Journal of Ecology 48.4 (2010): 962-971.
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Bercovitch, Fred B., and Philip SM Berry. "Reproductive life history of
Thornicroft’s giraffe in Zambia." African journal of ecology 48.2 (2010): 535–538.
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706:: consequences for taxonomy, phylogeography and conservation of giraffes in West and central Africa." Comptes Rendus Biologies 330.3 (2007): 265–274.
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Fennessy, Julian; Bidon, Tobias; Reuss, Friederike; Kumar, Vikas; Elkan, Paul; Nilsson, Maria A.; Vamberger, Melita; Fritz, Uwe; Janke, Axel (2016).
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Coimbra, Raphael T.F.; Winter, Sven; Kumar, Vikas; Koepfli, Klaus-Peter; Gooley, Rebecca M.; Dobrynin, Pavel; Fennessy, Julian; Janke, Axel (2021).
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293:. An estimated 550 live in the wild, with no captive populations. Its lifespan is 22 years for males and 28 years for females. The
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Wilson, and Reeder. "Giraffa camelopardalis thornicrofti." Mammal
Species of the World. Bucknell University, n.d. Web. 2 May 2014.
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Owen-Smith, R. Norman. Megaherbivores: the influence of very large body size on ecology. Cambridge
University Press, 1992.
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according to the IUCN, but their populations are rapidly declining, with some subspecies being listed as
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Fennessy, Julian, et al. "Mitochondrial DNA analyses show that Zambia's South
Luangwa Valley giraffe (
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751:"Giraffe – The Facts”. Giraffe Conservation Foundation. Retrieved 2010-12-21.
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Petzold, Alice; Hassanin, Alexandre (2020-02-13). Joger, Ulrich (ed.).
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613:"Whole-genome analysis of giraffe supports four distinct species"
497:"Multi-locus Analyses Reveal Four Giraffe Species Instead of One"
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Bercovitch, F.; Carter, K.; Fennessy, J.; Tutchings, A. (2018).
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466:. Peter Grubb. Baltimore, Md.: Johns Hopkins University Press.
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Hassanin, Alexandre, et al. "Mitochondrial DNA variability in
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802:Giraffa camelopardalis thornicrofti
772:Giraffa camelopardalis thornicrofti
667:Giraffa camelopardalis thornicrofti
424:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
369:Giraffa camelopardalis thornicrofti
254:Giraffa camelopardalis thornicrofti
198:Giraffa camelopardalis thornicrofti
301:, a commissioner in what was then
282:Giraffa tippelskirchi thornicrofti
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930:IUCN Red List vulnerable species
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322:Range, distribution and habitat
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240:G. tippelskirchi thornicrofti
571:10.1371/journal.pone.0217956
341:South Luangwa National Park
297:was originally named after
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380:Their primary threats are
633:10.1016/j.cub.2021.04.033
514:10.1016/j.cub.2016.07.036
460:Groves, Colin P. (2011).
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75:Scientific classification
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419:"Thornicroft's Giraffe"
386:human population growth
299:Harry Scott Thornicroft
180:G. c. thornicrofti
704:Giraffa camelopardalis
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303:North-Eastern Rhodesia
166:G. camelopardalis
24:Thornicroft's giraffe
394:habitat fragmentation
378:critically endangered
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257:), also known as the
249:Thornicroft's giraffe
16:Subspecies of giraffe
626:(13): 2929–2938.e5.
272:Giraffa thornicrofti
562:2020PLoSO..1517956P
398:habitat degradation
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445:}}: old-form url (
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940:Mammals of Zambia
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463:Ungulate taxonomy
307:Northern Rhodesia
259:Rhodesian giraffe
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837:iNaturalist
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313:Description
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482:1202771597
404:References
374:vulnerable
305:and later
142:Giraffidae
60:Vulnerable
650:233983230
580:1932-6203
443:cite iucn
289:’s South
160:Species:
98:Kingdom:
92:Eukaryota
935:Giraffes
881:14200480
868:88421020
816:13828910
787:Q1094164
781:Wikidata
642:33957077
598:32053589
550:PLOS ONE
523:27618261
382:poaching
228:Synonyms
205:Lydekker
138:Family:
122:Mammalia
112:Chordata
108:Phylum:
102:Animalia
88:Domain:
65:IUCN 3.1
902:ZooBank
829:4262211
589:7018015
558:Bibcode
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295:ecotype
267:giraffe
153:Giraffa
148:Genus:
128:Order:
118:Class:
63: (
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396:, and
345:Zambia
287:Zambia
207:, 1911
646:S2CID
616:(PDF)
527:S2CID
889:NCBI
863:IUCN
850:ITIS
824:GBIF
638:PMID
594:PMID
576:ISSN
519:PMID
478:OCLC
468:ISBN
447:help
436:2021
429:2018
331:Diet
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