1744:
are also used as ingredients in traditional
Chinese medicines. The proportion of forested area in the region surrounding the Three Gorges Dam dropped from 20% in 1950 to less than 10% as of 2002, adversely affecting all plant species there. The region also provides habitats to hundreds of freshwater and terrestrial animal species. Freshwater fish are especially affected by dams due to changes in the water temperature and flow regime. Many other fish are injured in the hydroelectric plants' turbine blades. This is particularly detrimental to the region's ecosystem because the Yangtze River basin is home to 361 different fish species and accounts for 27% of China's endangered freshwater fish species. Other aquatic species have been endangered by the dam, particularly the baiji, or
834:, surveyed the area and drew up a dam proposal for a "Yangtze River Project". Some 54 Chinese engineers went to the US for training. The original plans called for the dam to employ a unique method for moving ships: the ships would enter locks at the dam's lower and upper ends and then cranes would move them from each lock to the next. Groups of craft would be lifted together for efficiency. It is not known whether this solution was considered for its water-saving performance or because the engineers thought the difference in height between the river above and below the dam too great for alternative methods. No construction work was performed because of the Nationalists' worsening situation in the Chinese Civil War.
2032:, a kind of elevator for vessels. The ship lift can lift ships of up to 3,000 tons. The vertical distance traveled is 113 m (371 ft), and the size of the ship lift's basin is 120 m × 18 m × 3.5 m (394 ft × 59 ft × 11 ft). The ship lift takes 30 to 40 minutes to transit, as opposed to the three to four hours for stepping through the locks. One complicating factor is that the water level can vary dramatically. The ship lift must work even if water levels vary by 12 m (39 ft) on the lower side, and 30 m (98 ft) on the upper side.
1490:
generation capacity of 88.2 TWh. In 2012, the dam's 32 generating units generated a record 98.1 TWh of electricity, which accounts for 14% of China's total hydro generation. Between 2012 (first year with all 32 generating units operating) and 2021, the dam generated an average of 97.22 TWh of electricity per year, higher than Itaipu dam's average of 89.22 TWh of electricity per year during the same period. Due to the extensive 2020 monsoon season rainfall, the annual production reached ~112 TWh that year, which broke the previous world record of annual production by Itaipu Dam equal to ~103 TWh.
1474:
1670:
1928:
1994:, but half as deep. Before the dam was constructed, the maximum freight capacity at the Three Gorges site was 18.0 million tonnes per year. From 2004 to 2007, a total of 198 million tonnes of freight passed through the locks. The freight capacity of the river increased six times and the cost of shipping was reduced by 25%. Originally, the total capacity of the ship locks was expected to reach 100 million tonnes per year. In 2022, their cargo turnover reached 159.65 million tons, with an annual increase of 6% over the past few years.
2326:
1458:
1689:
102:
2284:
1797:
1817:
1466:
1031:
2058:, the German firm that designed the ship lift, said it will take a vessel less than an hour to transit the lift. An article in Steel Construction says the actual time of the lift will be 21 minutes. It says that the expected dimensions of the 3,000 t (3 million kg) passenger vessels the ship lift's basin was designed to carry will be 84.5 by 17.2 by 2.65 metres (277.2 ft × 56.4 ft × 8.7 ft). The moving mass (including counterweights) is 34,000 tonnes.
2017:
1944:
1557:
1023:
1936:
130:
773:
85:
1549:
914:
8048:
7880:
1708:, as of April 2007, more than 50 new plants could treat 1.84 million tonnes per day, 65% of the total need. About 32 landfills were added, which could handle 7,664.5 tonnes of solid waste every day. Over one billion tons of wastewater are released annually into the river, which was more likely to be swept away before the reservoir was created. This has left the water stagnant, polluted and murky.
2340:
943:
1103:
7916:
7904:
7892:
928:
2354:
2212:, "proponents of strikes against the mainland apparently hope that merely presenting credible threats to China's urban population or high-value targets, such as the Three Gorges Dam, will deter Chinese military coercion". Destroying the Three Gorges Dam has been a tactic discussed and debated in Taiwan since the early 1990s, when the dam was still in the planning phase. The notion that the
1054:. The Three Gorges Dam is the world's largest capacity hydroelectric power station, with 34 generators: 32 main generators, each with a capacity of 700 MW, and two plant power generators, each with capacity of 50 MW, for a total of 22,500 MW. Among the 32 main generators, 14 are installed on the dam's north side, 12 on the south side, and the remaining six in the
2368:
1892:
water flow to less than 40,000 m/s (1.4 million cu ft/s) per second, raising the upstream water level from 145.13 m (476.1 ft) on August 1, to 152.88 m (501.6 ft) on August 8. A full 4.27 km (1.02 cu mi) of flood water was captured and the river flow was cut by as much as 15,000 m (530,000 cu ft) per second.
137:
109:
789:
2250:. The water is held back by the innate mass of the individual dam sections. As a result, damage to an individual section should not affect other parts of the dam. Zhang Boting, deputy secretary-general of China Society for Hydropower Engineering, suggested that concrete gravity dams such as the Three Gorges Dam are resistant to
1005:, and revenue from both before and after the dam had become fully operational. Additional charges were assessed as follows: every province receiving power from the Three Gorges Dam had to pay an extra ¥7.00 per MWh, and the other provinces had to pay an additional charge of ¥4.00 per MWh. No surcharge was imposed on the
2153:. Living conditions deteriorated for many, and hundreds of thousands of people could not find work. The older generation was particularly affected, but younger generations benefited from the educational and career opportunities afforded by moving to large cities with new, modern companies and schools.
2177:
The area which would fill with water behind the dam included locations with significant cultural history. The State
Council authorized a ¥505 million archaeology salvage effort. Over the course of several years, archaeologists excavated 723 sites and conducted surface archaeology recovery missions at
1891:
caused billions of dollars worth of damage, when 2,039 km (787 sq mi) of farmland were flooded. The flood affected more than 2.3 million people, killing 1,526. In early August 2009, the largest flood in five years passed through the dam site. During this flood, the dam limited the
985:
The
Chinese government estimated that the Three Gorges Dam project would cost 180 billion yuan (US$ 22.5 billion). By the end of 2008, spending had reached 148.365 billion yuan, of which 64.613 billion yuan was spent on construction, 68.557 billion yuan on relocating affected
1627:
Erosion in the reservoir, induced by rising water, causes frequent major landslides that have led to noticeable disturbance in the reservoir surface, including two incidents in May 2009 when somewhere between 20,000 and 50,000 cubic metres (26,000 and 65,000 cu yd) of material plunged into
1149:
On the south side, main generator No. 22 started up on June 11, 2007, and No. 15 became operational on
October 30, 2008. The sixth (No. 17) began operation on December 18, 2007, raising capacity to 14.1 GW, exceeding that of Itaipu dam (14.0 GW) to become the world's largest
599:
in the underground plant began production. Each of the main water turbines has a capacity of 700 MW. Combining the capacity of the dam's 32 main turbines with the two smaller generators (50 MW each) that provide power to the plant itself, the total electric generating capacity of the Three
2156:
Some 2007 reports claimed that
Chongqing Municipality would encourage four million more people to move away from the dam to Chongqing's main urban area by 2020. The municipal government asserted that the relocation was driven by urbanization, rather than a direct result of the dam project, and that
1743:
Concerns about the dam's impact on wildlife predate the
National People's Congress's approval in 1992. This region has long been known for its rich biodiversity. It is home to 6,388 plant species, which belong to 238 families and 1,508 genera. Of these species, 57 are endangered. These rare species
1895:
The dam discharges its reservoir during the dry season every year, between
December and March. This increases the flow rate of the river downstream, providing fresh water for agricultural and industrial usage, and improving shipping conditions. The water level upstream drops from 175 to 145 m
2178:
an additional 346 sites. Archaeologists recovered 200,000 artifacts of which 13,000 were considered as particularly historically or culturally notable. As part of this effort, the old
Chongqing City Museum was replaced by the Chongqing China Sanxia Museum to house many of the recovered artifacts.
1485:
During the
November to May dry season, power output is limited by the river's flow rate, as seen in the diagrams on the right. When there is enough flow, power output is limited by plant generating capacity. The maximum power-output curves were calculated based on the average flow rate at the dam
1607:
Shanghai, more than 1,600 km (990 mi) away, rests on a massive sedimentary plain. The "arriving silt – so long as it does arrive – strengthens the bed on which
Shanghai is built ... the less the tonnage of arriving sediment the more vulnerable is this
1489:
The Three Gorges Dam reached its design-maximum reservoir water level of 175 m (574 ft) for the first time on October 26, 2010, in which the intended annual power-generation capacity of 84.7 TWh was realized. It has a combined generating capacity of 22.5 gigawatts and a designed annual
1860:
was out of service for more than 100 days. The 1954 flood carried 50 cubic kilometres (12 cu mi) of water. The dam could only divert the water above Chenglingji, leaving 30 to 40 km (7.2 to 9.6 cu mi) to be diverted. The dam cannot protect against some of the large
1145:
The first north-side main generator (No. 2) started up on July 10, 2003. The north side became completely operational on September 7, 2005, with the implementation of generator No. 9. Full power (9,800 MW) was eventually achieved on October 18, 2006, after the water level reached
894:
approved the dam in 1992: of 2,633 delegates, 1,767 voted in favour, 177 voted against, 664 abstained, and 25 members did not vote, giving the legislation an unusually low 67.75% approval rate. Construction started on December 14, 1994. The dam was expected to be fully operational in 2009, but
1481:
By August 16, 2011, the plant had generated 500 TWh of electricity. In July 2008 it generated 10.3 TWh of electricity, its first month over 10 TWh. On June 30, 2009, after the river flow rate increased to over 24,000 m/s, all 28 generators were switched on, producing only
1539:
The dam was expected to provide 10% of China's power. However, electricity demand has increased more quickly than previously projected. Even fully operational and despite its size, on average, it supported only about 1.7% of electricity demand in China in the year of 2011, when the Chinese
968:
When the water level is at its maximum of 175 m (574 ft) above sea level, 110 m (361 ft) higher than the river level downstream, the dam reservoir is on average about 660 km (410 mi) in length and 1.12 km (3,675 ft) in width. It contains 39.3 km
1137:(abbreviated as VGS), and the Chinese company Oriental Motor. The technology transfer agreement was signed together with the contract. Most of the generators are water-cooled. Some of the newer ones are air-cooled, making them simpler in design and easier to manufacture and maintain.
1153:
When the last main generator (No. 27) finished its final test on May 23, 2012, the six underground main generators were all operational, raising the capacity to 22.5 GW. After nine years of construction, installation and testing, the power plant was fully operational by July 2012.
899:
with six additional generators, delayed full operation until 2012. The ship lift was completed in 2015. The dam raised the water level in the reservoir to 172.5 m (566 ft) above sea level by 2008 and to the designed maximum level of 175 m (574 ft) by 2010.
956:
Made of concrete and steel, the dam is 2,335 m (2,554 yd; 1.451 mi) long and 185 m (607 ft) above sea level at its top. The project used 27.2 million m (35.6 million cu yd) of concrete (mainly for the dam wall), used 463,000
1990:). Each of them is made up of five stages, with transit time at around four hours. Maximum vessel size is 10,000 tons. The locks are 280 m long, 35 m wide, and 5 m deep (918 × 114 × 16.4 ft). That is 30 m (98 ft) longer than those on the
1099:, the biggest of its kind, is 3.1/3 m in height; the outer diameter of the stator is 21.4/20.9 m, the inner diameter is 18.5/18.8 m, and the bearing load is 5,050/5,500 tonnes. Average efficiency is over 94%, with a maximum efficiency of 96.5% reached.
1074:
of the generators is 80.6 metres (264 ft). The flow rate varies between 600–950 cubic metres per second (21,000–34,000 cu ft/s) depending on the head available; the greater the head, the less water needed to reach full power. Three Gorges uses
948:
Earthfill south dam in foreground with view along main dam. The wall beyond is to separate spillway and turbine flows from the lock and ship lift upstream approach channel. A similar separation is used on the downstream side, seen partially in the preceding
1726:
suggested that the Asia-Pacific region would gain about 6,000 km (2,300 sq mi) of forest by 2008. That is a significant change from the 13,000 km (5,000 sq mi) net loss of forest each year in the 1990s. This is largely due to
2270:
Immediately after the reservoir was first filled, around 80 hairline cracks were observed in the dam's structure. Still, an experts group gave the project overall a good-quality rating. The 163,000 concrete units all passed quality testing, with normal
990:(3,600 PJ) of electricity, yielding 250 billion yuan; total cost recovery was thus expected to be completed ten years after the dam became fully operational. In fact, the entire cost of the Three Gorges Dam was recovered by December 20, 2013.
2674:
2005:
are the vulnerable hinged type, which, if damaged, could temporarily render the entire flight unusable. As there are separate sets of locks for upstream and downstream traffic, this system is more water efficient than bi-directional staircase locks.
6514:
CTGC announced on January 6 that the Three Gorges ship lift with the maximum lifting height reaching 113 meters and allowing ships with displacement of 3000-ton passing the dam has conducted real vessel experiment successfully in late December last
1955:
is intended to increase river shipping from ten million to 100 million tonnes annually; as a result transportation costs will be cut between 30 and 37%. Shipping will become safer, since the gorges are notoriously dangerous to navigate.
587:
per year on average, depending on the amount of precipitation in the river basin. After the extensive monsoon rainfalls of 2020, the dam's annual production reached nearly 112 TWh, breaking the previous world record of ~103 TWh set by
7705:
973:) of water and has a total surface area of 1,045 km (403 sq mi). On completion, the reservoir flooded a total area of 632 km (156,000 acres) of land, compared to the 1,350 km (330,000 acres) of reservoir created by the
1914:. The dam's reservoir rose nearly 3 m (9.8 ft) in 24 hours and reduced the outflow to 40,000 m/s (1.4 million cu ft/s) in discharges downstream, preventing any significant impact on the middle and lower river.
6355:
603:
In addition to generating electricity, the dam was designed to increase the Yangtze River's shipping capacity. By providing flood storage space, the dam reduces the potential for flooding downstream, which historically plagued the
1855:
over an area of 193,000 km (74,500 sq mi), killing 33,169 people and forcing almost 18.9 million people to move. The flood waters covered Wuhan, a city of eight million people, for over three months, and the
2141:
Municipality's 31.44 million people. These people were moved to new homes by the Chinese government, which considered the displacement justified by the flood protection provided for the communities downstream of the dam.
2261:
of nuclear weapons policy includes whether to include narrow exceptions, such as acts that produce catastrophic consequences equivalent to that of a nuclear attack, including attacks intended to destroy the Three Gorges Dam.
6644:二、加快构建长期翻坝运输体系,并将疏港交通项目纳入三峡后扶规划。支持建设三峡大坝坝首太平溪至夷陵区张家口36.2公里的三峡翻坝高速公路江北段,与沪蓉高速公路互通;支持建设南北两岸三峡翻坝铁路,即夷陵太平溪港――宜昌火车东站――白洋田家河港88公里的北岸翻坝铁路,秭归茅坪港――宜昌火车南站――焦柳铁路枝城站95公里的南岸翻坝铁路;支持翻坝港口和翻坝物流园建设,加快形成完善的南北分流、水陆(铁)联运的翻坝转运格局,充分发挥长江黄金水道优势。
2038:
The ship lift was not yet complete when the rest of the project was officially opened on May 20, 2006. In November 2007, it was reported in the local media that construction of the ship lift started in October 2007.
1705:
2242:
to destroy the Three Gorges Dam "ridiculous", saying missiles would deliver minimal damage to the reinforced concrete, and any attack attempts would have to go through multiple layers of ground and air defenses.
6535:
2666:
1827:
An important function of the dam is to control flooding, which is a major problem for the seasonal river of the Yangtze. Millions of people live downstream of the dam, with many large, important cities like
933:
Model of the Three Gorges Dam showing the ship lift and the ship lock. The ship lift is to the right of the dam body with its own designated waterway. The ship locks are to the right (northeast) of the ship
3202:
China's engineering marvel is unleashing a torrent of criticism. When it comes to global challenges, few are greater or more controversial than the construction of the massive Three Gorges Dam in Central
7199:
2136:
During planning, it was estimated that 13 cities, 140 towns and 1,350 villages would be partially or completely flooded by the reservoir, amounting to roughly 1.5% of Hubei's 60.3 million people and
1903:
Since the filling of the reservoir in 2003, the Three Gorges Dam has supplied an extra 11 km (2.6 cu mi) of fresh water to downstream cities and farms over the course of the dry season.
4619:[The 26 generating units of the Three Gorges Power Station are fully loaded for the first time since being put into operation] (in Chinese). Xinhua News Agency. June 30, 2009. Archived from
3758:[The Three Gorges Project will be completed and accepted this year, including 8 special projects as well as hub projects] (in Chinese). Xinhua News Agency. January 11, 2009. Archived from
6599:
1851:). This capacity will reduce the frequency of major downstream flooding from once every 10 years to once every 100 years. The dam is expected to minimize the effect of even a "super" flood.
3168:
Officials now use the deadly history of the Yangtze, China's longest river, to justify the country's riskiest and most controversial infrastructure project – the enormous Three Gorges Dam.
3029:[The road to reform and the opening up of the Three Gorges Project, a historical monument of independent innovation] (in Chinese). Xinhua News Agency. February 3, 2009. Archived from
6359:
5446:[In the Hubei Province Three Gorges anti-pollution project three years invest the approximately 2,350,000,000 Yuan] (in Chinese). Xinhua News Agency. April 19, 2007. Archived from
4354:
2051:
The report said the towers had reached 189 m (620 ft) of the anticipated 195 m (640 ft), the towers would be completed by June 2012 and the entire shiplift in 2015.
1506:
paid a flat rate of ¥250 per MWh (US$ 35.7) until July 2, 2008. Since then, the price has varied by province, from ¥228.7 to ¥401.8 per MWh. Higher-paying customers, such as
1486:
site, assuming the water level is 175 m and the plant gross efficiency is 90.15%. The actual power output in 2008 was obtained based on the monthly electricity sent to the grid.
3876:[Li Yongan: Our hydroelectric generator set has completely independent design and manufacture capabilities] (in Chinese). Xinhua News Agency. August 28, 2008. Archived from
2696:
884:
5355:"Performance and application of a novel drainage anti-slide pile on accumulation landslide with a chair-like deposit-bedrock interface in the Three Gorges Reservoir area, China"
4729:
7832:
7669:
1079:
with a diameter of 9.7/10.4 m (VGS design/Alstom's design) and a rotation speed of 75 revolutions per minute. This means that in order to generate power at 50
2079:
bypassing the dam area altogether. Two short rail lines, one on each side of the river, are to be constructed. The 88-kilometre-long (55 mi) northern portage railway (
6474:
6059:[The Three Gorges Reservoir can drop to the flood limit water level of 145 meters as scheduled] (in Chinese). Xinhua News Agency. February 19, 2009. Archived from
5720:
1573:, 366 grams of coal would produce 1 kWh of electricity during 2006. From 2003 to 2007, power production equaled that of 84 million tonnes of standard coal.
1482:
16,100 MW because the head available during flood season is insufficient. During an August 2009 flood, the plant first reached its maximum output for a short period.
4324:
965:), and moved about 102.6 million m (134.2 million cu yd) of earth. The concrete dam wall is 181 m (594 ft) high above the rock basis.
2506:
612:
on the river caused the deaths of up to 4 million people. As a result, China regards the project as a monumental social and economical success, with the design of
8112:
6551:
The ship chamber is designed for passenger ships with a max. water displacement of 3000 tonnes, max. length of 84.5 m, max. width of 17.2 m and max. draught of 2.65 m.
2235:
7422:
6813:
6528:
986:
residents, and 15.195 billion yuan on financing. It was estimated in 2009 that the cost of construction would be fully recouped when the dam had generated 1,000
4125:[Unit No. 30 of Three Gorges Underground Power Station filled with water and started up] (in Chinese). Three Gorges Corporation. July 4, 2011. Archived from
7855:
2895:
2314:
Baihetan became fully operational in 2022. Wudongde was opened in June 2021. Another eight dams are in the midstream of the Jinsha and eight more upstream of it.
8117:
7745:
4960:
7203:
1513:
Power distribution and transmission infrastructure cost about 34.387 billion yuan. Construction was completed in December 2007, one year ahead of schedule.
6889:
3841:
3670:
3155:
7342:
Fravel, M. Taylor; Medeiros, Evan S. (October 2010). "China's Search for Assured Retaliation: The Evolution of Chinese Nuclear Strategy and Force Structure".
1593:
annually. Because the flow is slower above the dam, much of this sediment settles there instead of flowing downstream, and there is less sediment downstream.
2401:
188:
6661:[Dam in Three Gorges railway preliminary work completed to start the implementation of water and railway transport] (in Chinese). October 12, 2012.
4416:
3253:
620:. However, the dam has led to some ecological changes, including an increased risk of landslides, which have made it controversial domestically and abroad.
5939:
1803:
919:
Model of the Three Gorges Dam looking upstream, showing the dam body (middle left), the spillway (middle of the dam body) and the ship lift (to the right).
7301:
5394:"Influencing factors, deformation mechanism and failure process prediction for reservoir rock landslides: Tanjiahe landslide, three gorges reservoir area"
7865:
4869:
3089:[Visiting the Yunyang Guling Landslide Danger in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area] (in Chinese). Xinhua News Agency. April 9, 2009. Archived from
1570:
6589:
4959:[The Three Gorges sluice year transported goods volume may amount to 100,000,000 tons] (in Chinese). Xinhua News Agency. January 23, 2007.
3818:[How much does it cost to build the Three Gorges Project?] (in Chinese). China Three Gorges Project Corporation. April 20, 2003. Archived from
7621:
4447:
3452:
7111:
4839:
7476:
4386:
3620:
2965:[The Three Gorges Hydropower Station has brought huge economic benefits and the cumulative power generation has exceeded 300 billion kWh].
2803:
2145:
Between 2002 and 2005, Canadian photographer Edward Burtynsky documented the impact of the project on the surrounding areas, including the town of
1962:
1790:
suggests that the change of reservoir water level affects the gravity field in western Sichuan, which in turn affects the seismicity in that area.
880:, The Communist Party revived plans for the dam and proposed to start construction in 1986. It emphasized the need to develop hydroelectric power.
7710:
6381:
5169:
4483:
3753:
3084:
5881:
4346:
3314:[The Chinese Kuomintang, the People First Party, and the New Party delegation visited the Three Gorges Project] (in Chinese). Sina Corp.
2386:
3871:
2054:
As of May 2014, the ship lift was expected to be completed by July 2015. It was tested in December 2015 and announced complete in January 2016.
1796:
7954:
7700:
7644:
6718:
6419:
6054:
5441:
4614:
3589:
3474:
3024:
2852:
1910:, inflows at the Three Gorges Dam reached a peak of 70,000 m/s (2.5 million cu ft/s), exceeding the peak inflow during the
1026:
Electricity production in China by source. Compare: The fully completed Three Gorges dam contributes about 100 TWh of generation per year.
7043:
7016:
3502:
3216:
784:, Mao Zedong envisions "A Great Stone Wall, to catch the clouds and rains of Wushan as the fall" as "A Great lake shall rise upon the gorge!".
8087:
5972:
5582:
5331:
5118:
5093:
5031:
3936:
2762:[The mechanical and electrical equipment of the Three Gorges Underground Power Station is fully handed over and put into operation].
2611:
2581:
2550:
1070:
The main generators each weigh approximately 6,000 tonnes and are designed to produce more than 700 MW of power each. The designed
3692:
2185:), which are outdoor museum parks. Recovered structures placed in such parks include temples, pavilions, houses, and bridges, among others.
101:
7649:
7577:
6754:
5083:
5047:
4791:
3731:
3276:
3113:
2411:
7498:
6198:
8122:
4140:
2688:
2205:
827:
7526:
7229:
6619:
6497:
5200:
4701:
4673:
2149:. Other photographers who recorded the change include Chengdu-based Muge, Paris-based Zeng Nian (originally from Jiangsu), and Israeli
8107:
8051:
7860:
7391:
6000:
4737:
3791:
3315:
2825:[All 26 units of power stations on left and right banks of the Three Gorges Project have been put into commercial operation].
2646:
1748:, now extinct. In fact, Chinese Government scholars even claim that the Three Gorges Dam directly caused the extinction of the baiji.
7812:
7807:
6146:
5814:
Wang, Yaxiang; Cao, Ziyi; Pang, Zhaojun; Liu, Yan; Tian, Jiawei; Li, Juan; Yin, Lirong; Zheng, Wenfeng; Liu, Shan (January 1, 2022).
2067:
reported that the first operational use of the lift was on September 18, 2016, when limited "operational testing" of the lift began.
1533:
1521:
5762:
4190:
3813:
3424:
2213:
1723:
6032:
5903:
4901:
4865:
4270:
4238:
3189:
6441:
6168:
5201:"Spatiotemporal characteristics of the Huangtupo landslide in the Three Gorges region (China) constrained by radar interferometry"
4298:
3966:
3643:[The Three Gorges completed the normal maintenance of the 172.5-meter water storage channel] (in Chinese). News.sohu.com.
6993:
5135:
4529:
4218:
4120:
3531:
An Examination of China's Three Gorges Dam Project Based on the Framework Presented in the Report of The World Commission on Dams
2938:
1840:
located adjacent to the river. Large areas of farmland and China's most important industrial area are situated beside the river.
1581:
Two hazards are uniquely identified with the dam: that sedimentation projections are not agreed upon, and that the dam sits on a
6776:
6466:
5792:
5728:
4564:
1735:
convinced the government that it should restore tree cover, especially in the Yangtze's basin upstream of the Three Gorges Dam.
1552:
Satellite map showing areas flooded by the Three Gorges reservoir. Compare November 7, 2006 (above) with April 17, 1987 (below).
8097:
7674:
7138:
6687:
6082:
5668:
4759:
4645:
4586:
4320:
4088:
4056:
4024:
3988:
2992:
2960:
2820:
2757:
2721:
2481:
2451:
2406:
2001:, whereby inner lock gate pairs serve as both the upper gate of the chamber below and the lower gate of the chamber above. The
129:
7171:
6110:
4923:
4817:
2295:, the upper course of the Yangtze River, authorities are building a series of dams on the Jinsha, including the now completed
1473:
7302:"China's Three Gorges Dam 'can survive nuclear attack' says nation's hydropower expert after academics raise safety concerns"
7070:
6330:
6277:
4558:"The 26 units of the left and right shore power stations of the Three Gorges Project were all put into commercial operation"
3998:
3911:
3416:
2731:
2517:
2396:
2061:
The trials of elevator finished in July 2016, the first cargo ship was lifted on July 15; the lift time comprised 8 minutes.
1043:
649:
595:
The dam's body was completed in 2006; the power plant was completed and fully operational by 2012, when the last of the main
568:
519:
270:
6299:
6224:
3644:
1669:
1058:
in the mountain south of the dam. Annual electricity generation in 2018 was 101.6 TWh, which is 20 times more than the
7414:
7251:
6802:
3338:
1774:
In 2005, NASA scientists calculated that the shift of water mass stored by the dams would increase the total length of the
7695:
7614:
3057:[There are 3.6 million square meters of landslides on the right bank of the Yangtze River in Yunyang, Chongqing].
2114:
891:
635:
511:
361:
2641:[The Three Gorges Project's 2018 power generation and cargo volume through the gate set new historical records].
1525:
803:(1919). He wrote that a dam capable of generating 30 million horsepower (22 GW) was possible downstream of the
6563:
4141:"Three Gorges underground power station water-filled start the third unit successfully put into operation in July plans"
3939:[Three Gorges Project and water and electricity unit survey] (in Chinese). 中华商务网讯. July 26, 2002. Archived from
2887:
2381:
2096:
838:
4954:
2122:
2024:, a kind of elevator, can lift vessels of up to 3,000 tonnes, at a fraction of the time to transit the staircase locks.
1927:
887:
became a center of opposition to the proposed dam. It convened panels of experts who recommended delaying the project.
7769:
7659:
5697:
3134:
The giant Three Gorges Dam across China's Yangtze River has been mired in controversy ever since it was first proposed
3052:
7802:
3849:
3147:
2217:
6675:据透露,已经于去年底开工建设的紫云地方铁路,预计明年建成通车。紫云地方铁路接轨于国家铁路焦柳线枝江站,连接猇亭、白洋、姚家港三大开发区以及云池、白洋、田家河、姚家港四大港口,线路总长36.5公里,建成后年货运能力将达到1500万吨。
6662:
5599:
5353:
Luo, Shi-lin; Huang, Da; Peng, Jian-bing; Aierken, Ailifeila; Li, Zhao; Kuang, Xi-bin; Tomás, Roberto (March 2023).
3666:
8092:
7947:
2597:
7837:
4983:
3249:
7741:
7736:
7679:
4408:
2272:
1911:
1732:
1503:
858:
38:
7448:
5931:
5525:
Wu, J.; Huang, J.; Han, X.; Xie, Z.; Gao, X. (2003). "Three-Gorges Dam – Experiment in Habitat Fragmentation?".
3594:[Three Gorges ship lift operation construction] (in Chinese). CnHubei. November 10, 2007. Archived from
7884:
7607:
7167:
6604:
A permanent shiplift on the Three Gorges Dam in central China's Hubei Province began trial operation on Sunday.
2311:
dams. The total capacity of those four dams is 38,500 MW, almost double the capacity of the Three Gorges.
1629:
866:
816:
617:
6967:
Umsiedlungen am Yangtze – ein Erfolg? Ausmaß und Folgen des Landnutzungswandels in der Drei-Schluchten-Region.
4469:
1095:. The electricity generated is then stepped up to 500 kV for transmission at 50 Hz. The generator's
6970:
6890:"Muge travels the Yangtze River, tenderly photographing communities displaced by flooding - 1854 Photography"
600:
Gorges Dam is 22,500 MW. The last major component of the project, the ship lift, was completed in 2015.
8072:
7920:
7654:
5261:
Yin, Yueping; Huang, Bolin; Wang, Wenpei; Wei, Yunjie; Ma, Xiaohan; Ma, Fei; Zhao, Changjun (October 2016).
2345:
1688:
1677:
1055:
1006:
6250:
4439:
3444:
2283:
8102:
8077:
7759:
7664:
7630:
2997:[Our country's large-scale hydropower unit manufacturing has reached the world's advanced level].
2391:
1952:
1728:
1499:
1047:
998:
808:
7103:
5988:
4843:
3560:
8132:
8082:
7940:
7470:
4376:
3624:
2795:
2221:
1752:
1745:
1465:
877:
6389:
5177:
3759:
3090:
5871:
5471:
5392:
Chen, Yushan; Zhang, Yeming; Wang, Li; Wang, Shimei; Tian, Dongfang; Zhang, Lun (September 15, 2022).
1943:
1816:
1585:. At current levels, 80% of the land in the area is eroding, depositing about 40 million tons of
1556:
1030:
7779:
7754:
5827:
5405:
5366:
5274:
3877:
862:
7817:
6728:
6060:
5447:
4620:
3595:
3480:
3030:
2860:
2181:
Recovered structures that were too large for museums were moved upland to reconstruction districts (
7784:
7552:
7047:
7020:
6838:
3506:
3237:...the 180-billion yuan ($ 26.3 billion) Three Gorges Dam project has been highly contentious.
3224:
2934:
2416:
2231:
1852:
1529:
1039:
1022:
873:
854:
777:
266:
7915:
7903:
7891:
3993:[The stability of domestically produced large-scale generator sets continues to improve].
3940:
2016:
1935:
1532:(AC) lines to the Central China Grid have a total capacity of 12,000 MW. The DC transmission line
7774:
7764:
7726:
7369:
7324:
6445:
6411:
5853:
5635:
5550:
5354:
5023:
The River Dragon Has Come!: Three Gorges Dam and the Fate of China's Yangtze River and Its People
4029:[Unit 19 of the Three Gorges Right Bank Power Station has completed a 72-hour test run].
3698:
1991:
1763:
850:
792:
Map of the location of the Three Gorges Dam and the most important cities along the Yangtze River
572:
467:
7581:
6750:
6145:[The Three Gorges ushered in 70,000 cubic meters / sec] (in Chinese). SINA Corporation.
5057:
4787:
3723:
3284:
3121:
2291:
In order to maximize the utility of the Three Gorges Dam and cut down on sedimentation from the
7504:
6202:
5263:"Reservoir-induced landslides and risk control in Three Gorges Project on Yangtze River, China"
4515:
1758:, many spend the winter in wetlands that the Three Gorges Dam will destroy. Populations of the
7200:"Just Two Missiles could blow up China's Three Gorges Dam and kill millions : Strategist"
6626:
5968:
5909:
5845:
5627:
5619:
5578:
5542:
5480:
5423:
5327:
5292:
5232:
5114:
5089:
5027:
5021:
3420:
3372:
2607:
2601:
2577:
2546:
2226:
2055:
1907:
1888:
1857:
1821:
1783:
728:
720:
609:
6941:
6863:
4166:
4144:
3364:
2567:
2230:
saying that the People's Republic of China would be "seriously on guard against threats from
8127:
7963:
7530:
7359:
7351:
7225:
6631:
6501:
5835:
5611:
5534:
5413:
5374:
5319:
5282:
5222:
5212:
5079:
4707:
4679:
3535:
2193:
1787:
1759:
1130:
737:
685:
613:
427:
7387:
6004:
3781:
3309:
2636:
2048:
reported that the four towers that are to support the ship lift had almost been completed.
772:
6624:[Hubei's Proposal: raise the Three Gorges dam-bypassing transportation capacity].
6140:
2251:
2216:
would seek to destroy the dam provoked an angry response from the mainland Chinese media.
2189:
2076:
1106:
1076:
812:
744:
552:
477:
172:
84:
5750:
4196:
3819:
1477:
Three Gorges Dam Installed Units and Annual Electricity Production Over Years (2003–2023)
6026:
5831:
5409:
5370:
5278:
4895:
4873:
4264:
4242:
3181:
2726:[The last unit of the Three Gorges Project has completed its 72-hour test run].
1548:
8023:
8003:
7993:
6915:
6594:
6449:
6176:
4292:
3962:
2308:
2239:
2161:
2110:
2100:
2063:
2035:
The ship lift's design uses a helical gear system, to climb or descend a toothed rack.
1755:
1720:
1681:
1517:
1071:
1002:
831:
487:
437:
380:
6985:
5508:
Environmental planning of large-scale water projects: The Three Gorges Dam case, China
5143:
4535:
4224:
4126:
2924:
2188:
Some sites could not be moved because of their location, size, or design, such as the
1520:(DC) lines to the East China Grid carry 7,200 MW: Three Gorges – Shanghai (3,000 MW),
8066:
7988:
7908:
7822:
7731:
6780:
6692:(in Chinese). China Three Gorges Project Corporation. August 22, 2008. Archived from
5857:
5784:
5758:
5554:
4591:(in Chinese). China Three Gorges Project Corporation. August 15, 2008. Archived from
4557:
2359:
1896:(574 to 476 ft), in preparation for the rainy season. The water also powers the
1878:
1604:
Some hydrologists expect downstream riverbanks to become more vulnerable to flooding.
1582:
987:
605:
596:
544:
537:
493:
449:
298:
7932:
7373:
7134:
6693:
6088:
5639:
4765:
4651:
4592:
4098:
4066:
4034:
4002:
3002:
2970:
2830:
2767:
2735:
2473:
2443:
913:
865:", a poem about his fascination with a dam on the Yangtze River. In 1958, after the
17:
8033:
8013:
8008:
7896:
7160:
6567:
6118:
5724:
5615:
4927:
4813:
3694:三峡水库:世界淹没面积最大的水库 (Three Gorges reservoir: World submergence area biggest reservoir)
3529:
2617:
2421:
2373:
2331:
2300:
2296:
2292:
2258:
2150:
1897:
1874:
1673:
1615:
1611:
1102:
1088:
994:
962:
942:
846:
804:
692:
564:
460:
7080:
6326:
6273:
5378:
5311:
3900:
6303:
6228:
5962:
5572:
5323:
4501:
3638:
2257:
Debate among Chinese scholars and analysts about the basic principles of China's
993:
Funding sources include the Three Gorges Dam Construction Fund, profits from the
8018:
7259:
5287:
5262:
5199:
Tomás, R.; Li, Z.; Liu, P.; Singleton, A.; Hoey, T.; Cheng, X. (April 1, 2014).
4381:
3347:
2929:[The world's largest "ship lift" Three Gorges Dam successfully tested].
2667:"China's Three Gorges Dam sets world hydropower production record – China Daily"
2339:
2304:
2247:
1862:
1779:
1716:
In 1997, the Three Gorges area had 10% forestation, down from 20% in the 1950s.
1084:
927:
896:
796:
659:
656:
584:
540:
288:
7281:
4061:[Unit 16 of Three Gorges Right Bank Power Station put into operation].
2103:), below Yichang. The 95-kilometre-long (59 mi) southern portage railway (
7998:
7978:
7161:"Annual report on the military power of the People's Republic of China (.pdf)"
6111:"Three Gorges Dam will meet the first large-scale flood since being completed"
5418:
5393:
2829:(in Chinese). China Three Gorges Corporation. October 30, 2008. Archived from
2321:
2002:
1998:
1870:
1844:
1697:
1510:, receive priority. Nine provinces and two cities consume power from the dam.
1059:
974:
842:
589:
548:
168:
6201:. Missouri Chapter American Fisheries Society. April 20, 2002. Archived from
5849:
5623:
5484:
5427:
5296:
5236:
4816:(in Chinese). National Development and Reform Commission. December 20, 2007.
4097:(in Chinese). China Three Gorges Corporation. August 22, 2008. Archived from
3376:
2543:
Engineering Geology for Society and Territory – Volume 2: Landslide Processes
1977:
1964:
203:
190:
5538:
4349:[Itaipu overtakes Three Gorges and resumes the lead in production].
3001:(in Chinese). China Three Gorges Corporation. March 10, 2009. Archived from
2367:
2353:
2138:
2086:
2029:
1882:
1848:
1701:
970:
372:
7328:
5816:"Influence of Three Gorges Dam on earthquakes based on GRACE gravity field"
5631:
5546:
4033:(in Chinese). China Three Gorges Corporation. June 20, 2008. Archived from
3182:"Global Challenges: Ecological and Technological Advances Around the World"
3062:
2969:(in Chinese). China Three Gorges Corporation. April 8, 2009. Archived from
815:, began preliminary work on plans in the Three Gorges. In 1939, during the
7252:"Can Taiwanese missiles destroy Three Gorges Dam? Only tiny dents: expert"
5840:
5815:
5312:"Monitoring on Shuping Landslide in the Three Gorges Dam Reservoir, China"
4065:(in Chinese). China Three Gorges Corporation. July 4, 2008. Archived from
2766:(in Chinese). China Three Gorges Corporation. July 5, 2012. Archived from
2424:, one of the leading engineers who designed the water turbines for the dam
1632:. In the first four months of 2010, there were 97 significant landslides.
1034:
Three Gorges Dam compared to all other Chinese hydroelectricity production
7983:
7355:
7286:
6656:
6415:
5644:
5217:
3371:. Vol. 148, no. 6. Bonnier Corporation. June 1946. p. 98.
2573:
2128:
In late 2012, preliminary work started along both future railway routes.
2118:
1947:
The other end of Three Gorges Dam lock; note the bridge in the background
1866:
1837:
1586:
1507:
1122:
706:
576:
455:
255:
7364:
6564:"Phase I Field Trial of Ship Lift at Three Gorges Dam Successfully Ends"
5020:
Qing, Dai; Thibodeau, John G.; Williams, Michael R; et al. (2016).
788:
7967:
6590:"World's largest shiplift starts operation at China's Three Gorges Dam"
5908:(in Chinese). Chn-consulate-sapporo.or.jp. May 16, 2006. Archived from
5693:
5227:
4991:
3539:
2146:
2095:) on the northern side of the Yangtze, just upstream from the dam, via
1833:
1590:
1134:
820:
556:
6723:[Towns in Three Gorges Reservoir Area, Demolition Completed].
7444:
4239:"Three Gorges Project Generates 78.29 Bln Kwh of Electricity in 2011"
2209:
2044:
1931:
Ship locks for river traffic to bypass the Three Gorges Dam, May 2004
1782:
and make the Earth slightly more round in the middle and flat on the
1114:
1096:
527:
5574:
Before the Deluge: The Vanishing World of the Yangtze's Three Gorges
5318:, Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, pp. 257–273,
4788:"Construction of the Three Gorges Project and Ecological Protection"
2160:
By June 2008, China had moved 1.24 million residents as far as
1516:
Power is distributed over multiple 500 kV transmission lines. Three
869:, some engineers who spoke out against the project were imprisoned.
6529:"Ship lift at Three Gorges Dam, China − design of steel structures"
6253:. Xinhua – China, World, Business, Sports, Photos and Video English
3786:[Official: Three Gorges Project recovers investment cost].
2689:"Itaipu Ends 2016 with a Historic Production of 103.09 Million MWh"
1762:
are guaranteed to be "negatively affected" by the dam. In 2022 the
7599:
7319:
Pan, Zhenqiang (2016). "China's No First Use of Nuclear Weapons".
7044:"China warns of environmental "catastrophe" from Three Gorges Dam"
5506:
2282:
2015:
1942:
1934:
1926:
1829:
1815:
1775:
1687:
1668:
1555:
1547:
1472:
1464:
1456:
1126:
1101:
1051:
1029:
1021:
958:
787:
781:
771:
560:
497:
176:
3534:(MS paper). Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University.
7553:"New mega hydropower station to begin operations – China.org.cn"
7017:"Millions more face relocation from Three Gorges Reservoir Area"
6498:"China shifts from follower to leader in hydropower development"
4195:(in Chinese). Chinaequip.gov.cn. January 8, 2010. Archived from
2569:
Handbook of Energy: Chronologies, Top Ten Lists, and Word Clouds
2164:
in Hebei Province, and the moves concluded the following month.
1766:
was declared extinct, with the last confirmed sighting in 2003.
1597:
1092:
7936:
7603:
5310:
Wang, Fawu; Zhang, Yeming; Huo, Zhitao; Peng, Xuanming (2009),
4093:[Three Gorges Unit 23 enters 72-hour trial operation].
1939:
Construction of TGP ship locks at Yangtze River, September 1996
1843:
The reservoir's flood storage capacity is 22 km (5.3
7323:. Washington, DC: Carnegie Endowment for International Peace.
2157:
the people involved included other areas of the municipality.
1614:
sediment buildup causes biological damage and reduces aquatic
1118:
580:
283:
6566:. China Three Gorges Project. August 14, 2016. Archived from
4484:"Three Gorges crosses 100b kWh power generation mark in 2021"
4409:"China's Three Gorges project increases power output in 2017"
4347:"Itaipu bate Três Gargantas e reassume liderança em produção"
3621:"Water level at Three Gorges Project raised to full capacity"
5721:"Three Gorges Dam: A Blessing or an Environmental Disaster?"
5696:. American University, The School of International Service.
1635:
Some of the most famous landslides in the Three Gorges are:
1469:
Yangtze River flow rate comparing to the dam intake capacity
340:
27.2 million m (35.6 million cu yd)
4321:"China's Three Gorges dam 'breaks world hydropower record'"
3790:(in Chinese). 中新社 (China News Service). December 20, 2013.
3697:(in Chinese). Xinhua Net. November 21, 2003. Archived from
1959:
There are two series of ship locks installed near the dam (
1091:
of 0.9. The generator produces electrical power at 20
1080:
6087:(in Chinese). Ctgpc.com.cn. August 7, 2009. Archived from
2888:"Final Turbine at China's Three Gorges Dam Begins Testing"
849:
project nearby first, and economic problems including the
6251:"Shipping throughput of Three Gorges Dam hits new record"
1083:, the generator rotors have 80 poles. Rated power is 778
7580:. Water Power Magazine. January 10, 2007. Archived from
6356:"Three Gorges Dam Ship Lift, People's Republic of China"
4764:(in Chinese). Ctgpc.com.cn. July 4, 2008. Archived from
2099:
to the Baiyang Tianjiahe port facility in Baiyang Town (
1113:
The generators were manufactured by two joint ventures:
4377:"Three Gorges Project reaches 1 trillion kWh milestone"
1457:
42:
7529:. U.S. Embassy in China. March 7, 2003. Archived from
5267:
Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering
6442:"Tower columns for Three Gorges shiplift to be built"
5932:"39.1931, 1935, 1954, 1998 年长江流域发生的4次大洪水造成了怎样的洪水灾害??"
4984:"Environmental controversy over the Three Gorges Dam"
3965:(in Chinese). Government of China. October 18, 2006.
2859:. Xinhua News Agency. October 7, 2008. Archived from
2853:"Three Gorges reservoir raises water to target level"
2566:
Cleveland, Cutler J.; Morris, Christopher G. (2013).
749:
725:
711:
697:
7527:"Beijing Environment, Science and Technology Update"
6527:
Jan Akkermann; Thomas Runte; Dorothea Krebs (2009).
6467:"Three Gorges Dam exceeds cargo target set for 2030"
3528:
Allin, Samuel Robert Fishleigh (November 30, 2004).
3304:
3302:
2645:(in Chinese). China News Service. January 10, 2019.
2474:"Three Gorges Dam Hydro Electric Power Plant, China"
1536:
to the South China Grid has a capacity of 3,000 MW.
1001:, loans from domestic and foreign commercial banks,
7846:
7793:
7719:
7688:
7637:
6003:(in Chinese). CTGPC. April 20, 2002. Archived from
5989:
Consequences of the Three Gorges Project, in German
4440:"Three Gorges Dam generates record amount of power"
799:envisioned a large dam across the Yangtze River in
743:
736:
719:
705:
691:
684:
679:
667:
648:
634:
625:
486:
476:
466:
448:
436:
426:
418:
413:
405:
397:
389:
379:
367:
357:
352:
344:
336:
328:
320:
312:
304:
294:
282:
277:
262:
251:
243:
235:
227:
219:
182:
164:
156:
69:
6713:
6711:
6302:. China Three Gorges Project. 2002. Archived from
6227:. China Three Gorges Project. 2002. Archived from
5643:
5470:
3899:Morioka, Matthew; Abrishamkar, Alireza; Kay, Yve.
3584:
3582:
2238:advisor Sung Chao-wen, called the notion of using
885:Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference
5015:
5013:
5011:
5009:
4949:
4947:
4945:
4926:(in Chinese). NDRC. March 7, 2007. Archived from
4730:"China's Three Gorges sets new production record"
2716:
2714:
7202:. Defence News. January 18, 2018. Archived from
6350:
6348:
5168:Richard Jones, Michael Sheridan (May 30, 2010).
1692:Collecting garbage at the dam's southeast corner
7856:China Nuclear International Uranium Corporation
7503:(in Chinese). chinapower.com.cn. Archived from
2075:Plans also exist for the construction of short
776:In his poem "Swimming" (1956), engraved on the
7069:Guo Jinjia; Yang Shanyin (November 16, 2007).
6969:– Spiegel der Forschung 1/20: S. 50–63, 2010.
6454:The entire shiplift will be completed in 2015.
5785:"NASA Details Earthquake Effects on the Earth"
5520:
5518:
5088:. New York: Henry Holt & Co. p. 228.
5052:[Concern about the Three Gorges Dam].
3728:International Water Power and Dam Construction
3667:"Three Gorges Dam Project – Quick Facts"
2287:Longitudinal profile of upstream Yangtze River
348:116,000 m/s (4,100,000 cu ft/s)
7948:
7615:
7500:中国三峡总公司拟在金沙江上建4座梯级水电站 总装机容量为3850万千瓦_中国电力网新闻中心
6916:"Zeng Nian: Remembering the Three Gorges Dam"
5163:
5161:
5136:"No Casualties in Three Gorges Dam Landslide"
5056:(in Chinese). August 31, 2007. Archived from
3346:. National Academy of Science. Archived from
2882:
2880:
2878:
2104:
2090:
2080:
895:additional projects, such as the underground
654:
640:
579:), the Three Gorges Dam generates 95±20
73:
8:
6839:"Edward Burtynsky: Three Gorges Dam Project"
6779:. MWC News. October 13, 2007. Archived from
6630:(in Chinese). March 17, 2013. Archived from
4563:(in Chinese). CRI online. October 30, 2008.
4143:(in Chinese). Fenghuang Wang. Archived from
3479:(in Chinese). News.rednet.cn. Archived from
3061:(in Chinese). April 10, 2009. Archived from
2402:List of largest hydroelectric power stations
1125:, and the Chinese company Harbin Motor; and
7194:
7192:
6727:(in Chinese). July 24, 2008. Archived from
5669:"Three Gorges Dam 'could be huge disaster'"
5566:
5564:
2028:In addition to the canal locks, there is a
1786:. A study published in 2022 in the journal
563:province, central China, downstream of the
385:1,000,000 km (390,000 sq mi)
26:
7955:
7941:
7933:
7622:
7608:
7600:
6175:(in Chinese). May 30, 2007. Archived from
5170:"Chinese dam causes quakes and landslides"
4870:Chinese Society for Electrical Engineering
4650:(in Chinese). Ctgpc.com.cn. Archived from
4534:(in Chinese). ctgpc.com.cn. Archived from
3842:"China's Three Gorges Dam, by the Numbers"
3718:
3716:
3615:
3613:
2919:
2917:
2915:
2913:
2789:
2787:
2785:
2501:
2499:
1571:National Development and Reform Commission
1161:
676:
616:large turbines and a move toward limiting
258:203 billion (US$ 31.765 billion)
66:
7363:
6614:
6612:
6602:from the original on September 18, 2016.
6327:"China's west seeks to impress investors"
6274:"China's west seeks to impress investors"
5839:
5417:
5286:
5226:
5216:
4706:(in Chinese). Sgcc.com.cn. Archived from
4678:(in Chinese). Sgcc.com.cn. Archived from
4640:
4638:
3438:
3436:
3148:"Untamed Waterways Kill Thousands Yearly"
2815:
2813:
2246:The Three Gorges Dam is a steel-concrete
1704:and its suburban areas. According to the
1608:biggest of Chinese cities to inundation".
5600:"Three-Gorges Dam: Risk to Ancient Fish"
5511:(MA thesis). Wilfrid Laurier University.
3406:
1540:electricity demand reached 4,692.8 TWh.
136:
108:
32:This is an accepted version of this page
8113:Energy infrastructure completed in 2012
7711:State Electricity Regulatory Commission
7321:Understanding: Chinese Nuclear Thinking
6942:"Nadav Kander: Yangtze: The Long River"
6819:from the original on September 24, 2015
4790:. Chinagate.com.cn. November 27, 2007.
3561:"Three Gorges Dam now at full capacity"
3404:
3402:
3400:
3398:
3396:
3394:
3392:
3390:
3388:
3386:
3256:from the original on September 12, 2009
3192:from the original on September 24, 2009
2434:
1087:, with a maximum of 840 MVA and a
28:
7701:National Nuclear Safety Administration
7451:from the original on December 28, 2010
6665:from the original on September 4, 2015
6333:from the original on November 24, 2008
6280:from the original on November 24, 2008
5109:Segers, Henrik; Martens, Koen (2005).
4820:from the original on December 21, 2007
4502:"长江电力:2022年总发电量1855.81亿千瓦时 同比减少10.92%"
3673:from the original on November 25, 2010
2941:from the original on February 22, 2016
2660:
2658:
2656:
2649:from the original on January 10, 2019.
2631:
2629:
2627:
1861:tributaries downstream, including the
1684:, a few kilometres upstream of the dam
801:The International Development of China
727:
622:
8118:Hydroelectric power stations in Hubei
7232:from the original on February 9, 2009
7133:C.Michael Hogan. Andy Burnham (ed.).
7114:from the original on December 4, 2007
6920:Angkor Photo Festival & Workshops
6777:"China dam to displace millions more"
6477:from the original on October 16, 2015
5719:Theuerkauf, Ethan (October 2, 2007).
5700:from the original on December 6, 2000
5667:Toy, Mary-Anne (September 27, 2007).
5316:Environmental Science and Engineering
5256:
5254:
5252:
5250:
5248:
5246:
4963:from the original on December 7, 2008
4904:from the original on January 17, 2012
4794:from the original on October 10, 2010
4567:from the original on February 8, 2009
4357:from the original on January 16, 2016
4301:from the original on January 13, 2014
4273:from the original on January 20, 2013
3413:An Ecological History of Modern China
3277:"China's Three Gorges Dam Under Fire"
3215:Gerin, Roseanne (December 11, 2008).
3114:"China's Three Gorges Dam Under Fire"
845:supported the project, but began the
7:
7650:China Beijing Environmental Exchange
7479:from the original on August 15, 2009
7046:. Xinhua News Agency. Archived from
7019:. Xinhua News Agency. Archived from
6541:from the original on October 6, 2016
6500:. China Economic Net. Archived from
6300:"Its Buildings with Biggest Indices"
6225:"Its Buildings with Biggest Indices"
5795:from the original on August 10, 2017
5469:Collins, Peter (November 15, 2007).
5111:The River at the Center of the World
5085:The River at the Center of the World
4956:长江电力(600900)2008年上半年发电量完成情况公告 – 证券之星
4560:三峡工程左右岸电站26台机组全部投入商业运行 – 中国报道 – 国际在线
3794:from the original on August 16, 2016
3623:. Xinhua News Agency. Archived from
3455:from the original on January 6, 2010
2412:List of dams and reservoirs in China
1706:Ministry of Environmental Protection
1696:The dam catalyzed improved upstream
1461:Three Gorges Dam annual power output
819:, Japanese military forces occupied
59:Dam in Yiling District, Hubei, China
7177:from the original on August 6, 2009
7104:"More bid farewell to Three Gorges"
7015:Wang Hongjiang (October 11, 2007).
6940:Dykstra, Jean (December 27, 2012).
6448:. February 27, 2012. Archived from
6035:from the original on April 22, 2009
4450:from the original on March 21, 2019
3337:Wolman, Abel; Lyles, W. H. (1978).
3311:中国国民党、亲民党、111新党访问团相继参观三峡工程_新闻中心_新浪网
2806:from the original on July 16, 2018.
2699:from the original on March 17, 2017
2677:from the original on June 24, 2021.
2665:Kirong, Nephele (January 2, 2021).
2454:from the original on April 11, 2016
2206:United States Department of Defense
828:United States Bureau of Reclamation
393:1,084 km (419 sq mi)
7861:China National Nuclear Corporation
7813:HVDC Three Gorges – Guangdong
7808:HVDC Three Gorges – Changzhou
7425:from the original on July 22, 2009
7394:from the original on June 30, 2009
7258:. November 6, 2017. Archived from
7226:"Troops sent to protect China dam"
7141:from the original on June 10, 2011
7042:Jiang Yuxia (September 26, 2007).
6996:from the original on March 9, 2008
6986:"Millions forced out by China dam"
6422:from the original on July 18, 2008
6412:"China Completes Three Gorges Dam"
6169:"Yangtze as a vital logistics aid"
6149:from the original on July 22, 2010
5942:from the original on July 24, 2010
5884:from the original on July 19, 2011
4736:. January 10, 2013. Archived from
4419:from the original on March 3, 2018
4389:from the original on March 1, 2017
4327:from the original on March 3, 2016
3917:from the original on March 7, 2012
3734:from the original on June 14, 2011
3647:from the original on June 11, 2011
3443:Steven Mufson (November 9, 1997).
3318:from the original on June 11, 2011
3158:from the original on March 6, 2012
3146:Laris, Michael (August 17, 1998).
2387:South–North Water Transfer Project
1820:Water level and inflow during the
1729:China's large reforestation effort
57:
7866:Electric power companies of China
7135:"Shen Nong Gorge Hanging Coffins"
6496:Wang Yichen (February 17, 2016).
5765:from the original on May 16, 2023
5205:Geophysical Journal International
3969:from the original on May 31, 2007
3445:"The Yangtze Dam: Feat or Folly?"
2484:from the original on May 28, 2018
1889:In 1998, a flood in the same area
1724:Food and Agriculture Organization
1163:Annual production of electricity
1013:Power generation and distribution
444:Maximum: 113 m (371 ft)
8047:
8046:
7914:
7902:
7890:
7879:
7878:
6757:from the original on May 5, 2015
5142:. CRIEnglish.com. Archived from
4982:Topping, Audrey Ronning (1996).
4438:Zhang, Jie (December 21, 2018).
3873:李永安:我水轮发电机组已具完全自主设计制造能力_财经频道_新华网
2898:from the original on May 4, 2011
2603:Renewable Energy: A First Course
2545:. Springer. 2014. p. 1415.
2366:
2352:
2338:
2324:
1806:Panorama of the Three Gorges Dam
1795:
1751:Of the 3,000 to 4,000 remaining
941:
926:
912:
442:Rated: 80.6 m (264 ft)
223:Flood control, power, navigation
135:
128:
107:
100:
83:
7833:Ultra-high-voltage transmission
6965:Christoph Seeber, Lorenz King:
6117:. July 10, 2010. Archived from
2794:Acker, Fabian (March 2, 2009).
2407:List of power stations in China
1908:South China floods in July 2010
1628:the flooded Wuxia Gorge of the
1150:hydro power plant by capacity.
1141:Generator installation progress
1038:Power generation is managed by
872:During China's emphasis on the
7578:"Beyond Three Gorges in China"
6388:. May 21, 2006. Archived from
6382:"Three Gorges Dam ready to go"
5616:10.1126/science.302.5648.1149b
4872:. May 25, 2006. Archived from
3999:China Three Gorges Corporation
3848:. June 9, 2006. Archived from
3724:"Beyond Three Gorges in China"
3417:University of Washington Press
3112:Yang, Lin (October 12, 2007).
2734:. May 24, 2012. Archived from
2732:China Three Gorges Corporation
2397:List of largest power stations
2234:terrorists". Former Taiwanese
1600:downstream has three effects:
1044:China Three Gorges Corporation
750:
726:
712:
698:
655:
641:
532:
523:
515:
371:39.3 km (31,900,000
271:China Three Gorges Corporation
74:
1:
7696:China Atomic Energy Authority
7282:"台灣射彈攻擊三峽大壩?綠網民遭專家打臉直轟:軍事白癡!"
5694:"Three Gorges Dam Case Study"
5379:10.1016/j.compgeo.2022.105199
4472:. Sina Corp. January 7, 2020.
4001:. May 5, 2008. Archived from
3640:三峡完成172.5米蓄水 中游航道正常维护(图)-搜狐新闻
3275:Lin Yang (October 12, 2007).
3180:Grant, Stan (June 18, 2005).
2442:Ma, Yue (November 26, 2010).
2115:Yichang South Railway Station
1812:Floods, agriculture, industry
1731:. This accelerated after the
1534:HVDC Three Gorges – Guangdong
1522:HVDC Three Gorges – Changzhou
961:of steel (enough to build 63
569:world's largest power station
64:Dam in Yiling District, Hubei
8088:2008 establishments in China
7475:(in Chinese). Aqsiq.gov.cn.
7102:Liang Chao (July 15, 2004).
7079:(in Chinese). Archived from
6325:MacKie, Nick (May 4, 2005).
6272:MacKie, Nick (May 4, 2005).
5472:"Falling here, rising there"
5324:10.1007/978-3-642-00132-1_11
4223:(in Chinese). Archived from
4171:(in Chinese). Cepn.sp.com.cn
3340:John Lucian Savage Biography
2382:Baiheliang Underwater Museum
2097:Yichang East Railway Station
316:2,335 m (7,661 ft)
7419:Electronic Data Interchange
7228:. BBC. September 14, 2004.
6444:. Yichang, Hubei Province.
5288:10.1016/j.jrmge.2016.08.001
4897:能源局:2011年全社会用电量累计达46928亿千瓦时
4842:. ABB Group. Archived from
1560:Flood mark on Yangtze river
876:during its early period of
857:slowed progress. After the
8149:
8123:Underground power stations
7706:SASAC of the State Council
5967:. Earthscan. p. 184.
5398:Frontiers in Earth Science
5026:. Routledge. p. 160.
4470:"三峡工程2019年运行情况良好 综合效益显著发挥"
3250:""Swimming" by Mao Zedong"
2606:. CRC Press. p. 219.
2113:(upstream of the dam) via
904:Composition and dimensions
892:National People's Congress
116:Location in Hubei Province
8108:Dams on the Yangtze River
8042:
7974:
7874:
7137:. The Megalithic Portal.
6914:jess (December 5, 2014).
6803:"2012 Hydropower Roadmap"
5571:Chetham, Deirdre (2002).
5419:10.3389/feart.2022.974301
5359:Computers and Geotechnics
4220:峡 – 葛洲坝梯级电站全年发电1006.1亿千瓦时
3054:重庆云阳长江右岸现360万方滑坡险情-地方-人民网
2132:Displacement of residents
2105:
2091:
2081:
1912:1998 Yangtze River floods
1853:The river flooded in 1954
1733:1998 Yangtze River floods
1577:Erosion and sedimentation
1504:China Southern Power Grid
1042:, a listed subsidiary of
859:1954 Yangtze River Floods
839:1949 Communist Revolution
830:'s head design engineer,
761:
675:
630:
401:600 km (370 mi)
94:
89:The dam in September 2009
82:
7499:
7471:
7390:. International Rivers.
7306:South China Morning Post
7168:US Department of Defense
7071:
6753:. International Rivers.
6719:
6688:
6657:
6620:
6534:. Steel construction 2.
6471:South China Morning Post
6142:三峡迎来7万立方米/秒特大洪峰 规模超1998年
6141:
6083:
6055:
6027:
5904:
5872:
5442:
5176:. London. Archived from
5113:. Springer. p. 73.
5048:
4955:
4896:
4760:
4702:
4674:
4646:
4615:
4587:
4559:
4531:三峡电站持续安稳运行累计发电突破5000亿千瓦时
4530:
4294:三峡工程2013年建设运行情况良好 发挥综合效益
4293:
4265:
4219:
4191:
4167:
4121:
4089:
4057:
4025:
3989:
3872:
3814:
3782:
3754:
3693:
3639:
3590:
3475:
3411:Harrell, Stevan (2023).
3310:
3085:
3053:
3025:
2993:
2961:
2925:
2821:
2758:
2722:
2638:三峡工程2018年发电量、过闸货运量刷新历史纪录
2637:
2218:People's Liberation Army
1526:HVDC Gezhouba – Shanghai
867:Hundred Flowers Campaign
817:Second Sino-Japanese War
650:Traditional Chinese
618:greenhouse gas emissions
409:175 m (574 ft)
332:115 m (377 ft)
308:181 m (594 ft)
144:Three Gorges Dam (China)
39:latest accepted revision
7921:Renewable energy portal
6725:The Wall Street Journal
6452:on September 27, 2013.
5873:三峡工程的防洪作用将提前两年实现-经济-人民网
5539:10.1126/science.1083312
5054:The Wall Street Journal
2450:. Stanford University.
2346:Renewable energy portal
2123:Jiaozuo–Liuzhou Railway
1847:; 18 million
1678:source water protection
1651:Qianjiangping landslide
1056:underground power plant
1007:Tibet Autonomous Region
823:and surveyed the area.
636:Simplified Chinese
468:Installed capacity
324:40 m (131 ft)
236:Construction began
8098:Dams completed in 2008
7803:HVDC Gezhouba–Shanghai
7794:Electricity generation
7675:List of power stations
7344:International Security
6598:. September 18, 2016.
6358:. 2013. Archived from
6031:(in Chinese). Gov.cn.
6028:经过不懈努力三峡枢纽主体工程建设任务提前完成
5905:三峡工程防洪、通航、发电三大效益提前全面发挥
5577:. Palgrave Macmillan.
4488:waterpowermagazine.com
4266:2012年三峡工程建设与运行管理成效十分显著
3026:一座自主创新历史丰碑 三峡工程的改革开放之路
2822:三峡工程左右岸电站26台机组全部投入商业运行
2507:"Three Gorges Project"
2392:Energy policy of China
2288:
2275:within design limits.
2196:, part of the cliffs.
2025:
1978:30.83667°N 111.01944°E
1948:
1940:
1932:
1824:
1693:
1685:
1561:
1553:
1500:State Grid Corporation
1478:
1470:
1462:
1110:
1035:
1027:
999:China Development Bank
861:, in 1956, Mao wrote "
809:Nationalist government
793:
785:
671:Three Gorges Great Dam
488:Annual generation
362:Three Gorges Reservoir
345:Spillway capacity
252:Construction cost
204:30.82306°N 111.00333°E
7838:Yunnan–Guangdong HVDC
7645:Carbon trading scheme
6843:MacKenzie Art Gallery
6658:三峡翻坝铁路前期工作启动 建成实现水铁联运
6173:China Economic Review
5841:10.1515/geo-2022-0350
5443:湖北省三峡治污项目三年内投入约23.5亿元
5180:on September 18, 2011
4840:"Three Gorges, China"
4616:三峡电站26台发电机组投产后首次满负荷发电
4227:on September 1, 2011.
3483:on September 27, 2011
3476:1992年4月3日全国人大批准兴建三峡工程
3227:on September 22, 2009
3059:People's Daily Online
2480:. February 21, 2020.
2286:
2019:
1946:
1938:
1930:
1819:
1753:critically endangered
1746:Chinese river dolphin
1691:
1672:
1559:
1551:
1476:
1468:
1460:
1105:
1033:
1025:
878:Reform and Opening Up
791:
775:
406:Normal elevation
284:Type of dam
7356:10.1162/ISEC_a_00016
7262:on December 27, 2021
7083:on November 19, 2007
6992:. October 12, 2007.
6894:www.1854.photography
6864:"Photographs: China"
6504:on February 18, 2016
6231:on November 21, 2008
6205:on November 18, 2008
6063:on February 28, 2009
5912:on December 25, 2007
5751:"Chinese Paddlefish"
5731:on February 22, 2008
5610:(5648): 1149b–1151.
4994:on November 25, 1996
4768:on February 10, 2009
4654:on September 8, 2011
4516:"2023年三峡枢纽通过货运量再创新高"
4069:on February 10, 2009
4026:三峡右岸电站19号机组完成72小时试运行
3730:. January 10, 2007.
3627:on October 29, 2010.
3217:"Rolling on A River"
3033:on February 28, 2009
2937:. January 14, 2016.
2796:"Taming the Yangtze"
2266:Structural integrity
2173:Cultural and history
2085:) will run from the
1951:The installation of
1544:Environmental impact
478:Capacity factor
419:Commission date
18:Three Gorges Project
7533:on October 11, 2007
7507:on February 8, 2009
7447:. Living On Earth.
7421:. Awesome Library.
7290:. November 6, 2017.
7072:重庆澄清"三峡库区二次移民四百万"传闻
7023:on October 16, 2007
6783:on October 14, 2007
6731:on December 6, 2008
6696:on December 7, 2008
6392:on December 3, 2008
6306:on October 23, 2013
6115:easyseosolution.com
5832:2022OGeo...14..350W
5755:www.iucnredlist.org
5533:(5623): 1239–1240.
5450:on December 7, 2008
5410:2022FrEaS..10.4301C
5371:2023CGeot.15505199L
5279:2016JRMGE...8..577Y
5140:Xinhua News Network
4846:on October 13, 2007
4740:on January 15, 2013
4682:on January 30, 2009
4675:国家电网公司-主要水电厂来水和运行情况
4595:on December 7, 2008
4518:. January 11, 2024.
4415:. January 4, 2017.
4245:on October 23, 2013
4168:中国电力新闻网 – 电力行业的门户网站
4101:on January 20, 2012
4037:on December 7, 2008
4005:on December 7, 2008
3943:on December 7, 2008
3880:on December 7, 2008
3852:on January 14, 2019
3762:on February 8, 2009
3701:on October 12, 2007
3598:on December 7, 2008
3449:The Washington Post
3365:"China's Dream Dam"
3287:on October 13, 2007
3152:The Washington Post
2863:on January 10, 2010
2833:on February 9, 2009
2723:三峡工程最后一台机组结束72小时试运行
2695:. January 3, 2017.
2417:Three Gorges Museum
2236:Ministry of Defense
2232:Taiwan independence
1983:30.83667; 111.01944
1974: /
1657:Ganjingzi landslide
1639:Huangtupo landslide
1530:alternating current
1164:
1109:at Three Gorges Dam
1040:China Yangtze Power
1018:Generating capacity
874:Four Modernizations
855:Cultural Revolution
520:traditional Chinese
398:Maximum length
381:Catchment area
368:Total capacity
267:China Yangtze Power
209:30.82306; 111.00333
200: /
29:Page version status
7964:Hydroelectric dams
7847:State-owned energy
7770:Petroleum industry
7660:Electricity sector
7445:"Three Gorges Dam"
7415:"Three Gorges Dam"
7388:"Three Gorges Dam"
6975:(PDF; 1,1 MB)
6751:"Three Gorges Dam"
6570:on August 14, 2016
6446:Xinhua News Agency
6199:"Three Gorges Dam"
6056:三峡水库可如期消落至145米汛限水位
6001:"Three Gorges Dam"
5961:Dai, Qing (1994).
5648:on October 8, 2019
5218:10.1093/gji/ggu017
4924:"Three Gorges Dam"
4866:"Three Gorges Dam"
4814:"Three Gorges Dam"
4538:on October 2, 2011
4504:. January 5, 2023.
4147:on October 4, 2011
3963:"Three Gorges Dam"
3901:"Three Gorges Dam"
3509:on January 1, 2017
3005:on October 2, 2011
2973:on October 2, 2011
2926:世界最大“升船电梯”三峡大坝试验成功
2894:. April 27, 2011.
2857:news.xinhuanet.com
2448:large.stanford.edu
2444:"Three Gorges Dam"
2289:
2224:was quoted in the
2214:military in Taiwan
2042:In February 2012,
2026:
1992:St Lawrence Seaway
1949:
1941:
1933:
1918:Navigating the dam
1825:
1770:Terrestrial impact
1764:Chinese paddlefish
1694:
1686:
1660:Tanjiahe landslide
1562:
1554:
1479:
1471:
1463:
1162:
1111:
1048:Central Enterprise
1036:
1028:
851:Great Leap Forward
794:
786:
573:installed capacity
512:simplified Chinese
321:Width (crest)
35:
8093:Dam controversies
8060:
8059:
7930:
7929:
7308:. March 22, 2016.
7206:on March 30, 2019
6946:Photographmag.com
6621:湖北议案提案:提升三峡翻坝转运能力
6362:on April 21, 2016
6179:on August 7, 2010
5974:978-1-85383-187-4
5964:Yangtze! Yangtze!
5584:978-1-4039-6428-1
5505:Li, Long (1989).
5333:978-3-642-00131-4
5120:978-1-4020-3745-0
5095:978-0-8050-5508-5
5080:Winchester, Simon
5033:978-1-315-50276-2
4930:on March 10, 2007
4876:on April 29, 2007
4490:. March 14, 2022.
4385:. March 1, 2017.
4353:(in Portuguese).
4199:on April 29, 2010
4129:on July 14, 2011.
3124:on March 31, 2009
3093:on April 11, 2009
3065:on April 13, 2009
2693:Itaipu Bunacional
2643:news.china.com.cn
2613:978-1-4665-9944-4
2583:978-0-12-417019-3
2552:978-3-319-09057-3
2227:China Youth Daily
2208:reported that in
2200:National security
2192:site high in the
1858:Jingguang Railway
1822:2020 China floods
1700:treatment around
1654:Qingshi landslide
1642:Shuping landslide
1569:According to the
1455:
1454:
1158:Output milestones
1146:156 meters.
997:, loans from the
969:(31,900,000
765:
764:
757:
756:
686:Standard Mandarin
504:
503:
390:Surface area
329:Width (base)
278:Dam and spillways
244:Opening date
239:December 14, 1994
147:Show map of China
119:Show map of Hubei
47:27 September 2024
16:(Redirected from
8140:
8050:
8049:
7957:
7950:
7943:
7934:
7918:
7906:
7894:
7882:
7881:
7828:Three Gorges Dam
7796:and transmission
7749:
7742:Hydroelectricity
7680:Renewable energy
7624:
7617:
7610:
7601:
7594:
7593:
7591:
7589:
7584:on June 14, 2011
7574:
7568:
7567:
7565:
7563:
7549:
7543:
7542:
7540:
7538:
7523:
7517:
7516:
7514:
7512:
7495:
7489:
7488:
7486:
7484:
7467:
7461:
7460:
7458:
7456:
7441:
7435:
7434:
7432:
7430:
7410:
7404:
7403:
7401:
7399:
7384:
7378:
7377:
7367:
7339:
7333:
7332:
7316:
7310:
7309:
7298:
7292:
7291:
7278:
7272:
7271:
7269:
7267:
7248:
7242:
7241:
7239:
7237:
7222:
7216:
7215:
7213:
7211:
7196:
7187:
7186:
7184:
7182:
7176:
7165:
7157:
7151:
7150:
7148:
7146:
7130:
7124:
7123:
7121:
7119:
7099:
7093:
7092:
7090:
7088:
7066:
7060:
7059:
7057:
7055:
7039:
7033:
7032:
7030:
7028:
7012:
7006:
7005:
7003:
7001:
6982:
6976:
6963:
6957:
6956:
6954:
6952:
6937:
6931:
6930:
6928:
6926:
6911:
6905:
6904:
6902:
6900:
6885:
6879:
6878:
6876:
6874:
6868:Edward Burtynsky
6860:
6854:
6853:
6851:
6849:
6835:
6829:
6828:
6826:
6824:
6818:
6807:
6799:
6793:
6792:
6790:
6788:
6773:
6767:
6766:
6764:
6762:
6747:
6741:
6740:
6738:
6736:
6715:
6706:
6705:
6703:
6701:
6684:
6678:
6677:
6672:
6670:
6653:
6647:
6646:
6641:
6639:
6616:
6607:
6606:
6586:
6580:
6579:
6577:
6575:
6560:
6554:
6553:
6548:
6546:
6540:
6533:
6524:
6518:
6517:
6511:
6509:
6493:
6487:
6486:
6484:
6482:
6473:. May 23, 2014.
6463:
6457:
6456:
6438:
6432:
6431:
6429:
6427:
6418:. May 20, 2006.
6408:
6402:
6401:
6399:
6397:
6386:The Taipei Times
6378:
6372:
6371:
6369:
6367:
6352:
6343:
6342:
6340:
6338:
6322:
6316:
6315:
6313:
6311:
6296:
6290:
6289:
6287:
6285:
6269:
6263:
6262:
6260:
6258:
6247:
6241:
6240:
6238:
6236:
6221:
6215:
6214:
6212:
6210:
6195:
6189:
6188:
6186:
6184:
6165:
6159:
6158:
6156:
6154:
6137:
6131:
6130:
6128:
6126:
6121:on July 23, 2010
6107:
6101:
6100:
6098:
6096:
6091:on July 28, 2011
6079:
6073:
6072:
6070:
6068:
6051:
6045:
6044:
6042:
6040:
6023:
6017:
6016:
6014:
6012:
6007:on April 7, 2007
5997:
5991:
5985:
5979:
5978:
5958:
5952:
5951:
5949:
5947:
5928:
5922:
5921:
5919:
5917:
5900:
5894:
5893:
5891:
5889:
5868:
5862:
5861:
5843:
5820:Open Geosciences
5811:
5805:
5804:
5802:
5800:
5781:
5775:
5774:
5772:
5770:
5747:
5741:
5740:
5738:
5736:
5727:. Archived from
5716:
5710:
5709:
5707:
5705:
5690:
5684:
5683:
5681:
5679:
5664:
5658:
5657:
5655:
5653:
5647:
5642:. Archived from
5598:Xie, P. (2003).
5595:
5589:
5588:
5568:
5559:
5558:
5522:
5513:
5512:
5502:
5496:
5495:
5493:
5491:
5474:
5466:
5460:
5459:
5457:
5455:
5438:
5432:
5431:
5421:
5389:
5383:
5382:
5350:
5344:
5343:
5342:
5340:
5307:
5301:
5300:
5290:
5258:
5241:
5240:
5230:
5220:
5196:
5190:
5189:
5187:
5185:
5165:
5156:
5155:
5153:
5151:
5131:
5125:
5124:
5106:
5100:
5099:
5076:
5070:
5069:
5067:
5065:
5044:
5038:
5037:
5017:
5004:
5003:
5001:
4999:
4990:. Archived from
4979:
4973:
4972:
4970:
4968:
4951:
4940:
4939:
4937:
4935:
4920:
4914:
4913:
4911:
4909:
4892:
4886:
4885:
4883:
4881:
4862:
4856:
4855:
4853:
4851:
4836:
4830:
4829:
4827:
4825:
4810:
4804:
4803:
4801:
4799:
4784:
4778:
4777:
4775:
4773:
4756:
4750:
4749:
4747:
4745:
4726:
4720:
4719:
4717:
4715:
4698:
4692:
4691:
4689:
4687:
4670:
4664:
4663:
4661:
4659:
4642:
4633:
4632:
4630:
4628:
4611:
4605:
4604:
4602:
4600:
4583:
4577:
4576:
4574:
4572:
4554:
4548:
4547:
4545:
4543:
4526:
4520:
4519:
4512:
4506:
4505:
4498:
4492:
4491:
4480:
4474:
4473:
4466:
4460:
4459:
4457:
4455:
4435:
4429:
4428:
4426:
4424:
4405:
4399:
4398:
4396:
4394:
4373:
4367:
4366:
4364:
4362:
4343:
4337:
4336:
4334:
4332:
4317:
4311:
4310:
4308:
4306:
4289:
4283:
4282:
4280:
4278:
4261:
4255:
4254:
4252:
4250:
4241:. Archived from
4235:
4229:
4228:
4215:
4209:
4208:
4206:
4204:
4187:
4181:
4180:
4178:
4176:
4163:
4157:
4156:
4154:
4152:
4137:
4131:
4130:
4117:
4111:
4110:
4108:
4106:
4090:三峡23号机组进入72小时试运行
4085:
4079:
4078:
4076:
4074:
4053:
4047:
4046:
4044:
4042:
4021:
4015:
4014:
4012:
4010:
3985:
3979:
3978:
3976:
3974:
3959:
3953:
3952:
3950:
3948:
3933:
3927:
3926:
3924:
3922:
3916:
3905:
3896:
3890:
3889:
3887:
3885:
3868:
3862:
3861:
3859:
3857:
3838:
3832:
3831:
3829:
3827:
3822:on April 7, 2007
3810:
3804:
3803:
3801:
3799:
3778:
3772:
3771:
3769:
3767:
3750:
3744:
3743:
3741:
3739:
3720:
3711:
3710:
3708:
3706:
3689:
3683:
3682:
3680:
3678:
3663:
3657:
3656:
3654:
3652:
3635:
3629:
3628:
3617:
3608:
3607:
3605:
3603:
3586:
3577:
3576:
3574:
3572:
3557:
3551:
3550:
3548:
3546:
3525:
3519:
3518:
3516:
3514:
3505:. Archived from
3499:
3493:
3492:
3490:
3488:
3471:
3465:
3464:
3462:
3460:
3440:
3431:
3430:
3408:
3381:
3380:
3361:
3355:
3354:
3353:on June 7, 2011.
3352:
3345:
3334:
3328:
3327:
3325:
3323:
3306:
3297:
3296:
3294:
3292:
3283:. Archived from
3272:
3266:
3265:
3263:
3261:
3252:. Marxists.org.
3246:
3240:
3239:
3234:
3232:
3223:. Archived from
3212:
3206:
3205:
3199:
3197:
3177:
3171:
3170:
3165:
3163:
3143:
3137:
3136:
3131:
3129:
3120:. Archived from
3109:
3103:
3102:
3100:
3098:
3081:
3075:
3074:
3072:
3070:
3049:
3043:
3042:
3040:
3038:
3021:
3015:
3014:
3012:
3010:
2989:
2983:
2982:
2980:
2978:
2957:
2951:
2950:
2948:
2946:
2931:news.cnhubei.com
2921:
2908:
2907:
2905:
2903:
2892:InventorSpot.com
2884:
2873:
2872:
2870:
2868:
2849:
2843:
2842:
2840:
2838:
2817:
2808:
2807:
2791:
2780:
2779:
2777:
2775:
2770:on April 5, 2013
2759:三峡地下电站机电设备全面移交投产
2754:
2748:
2747:
2745:
2743:
2718:
2709:
2708:
2706:
2704:
2685:
2679:
2678:
2662:
2651:
2650:
2633:
2622:
2621:
2594:
2588:
2587:
2574:Elsevier Science
2563:
2557:
2556:
2539:
2533:
2532:
2530:
2528:
2523:on March 5, 2014
2522:
2516:. Archived from
2511:
2503:
2494:
2493:
2491:
2489:
2478:Power Technology
2470:
2464:
2463:
2461:
2459:
2439:
2376:
2371:
2370:
2362:
2357:
2356:
2348:
2343:
2342:
2334:
2329:
2328:
2327:
2109:) will run from
2108:
2107:
2094:
2093:
2084:
2083:
2077:portage railways
2071:Portage railways
1997:These locks are
1989:
1988:
1986:
1985:
1984:
1979:
1975:
1972:
1971:
1970:
1967:
1799:
1788:Open Geosciences
1760:Yangtze sturgeon
1719:Research by the
1665:Waste management
1648:Xintan landslide
1645:Outang landslide
1528:(1,200 MW). The
1524:(3,000 MW), and
1173:installed units
1165:
1131:General Electric
1077:Francis turbines
1050:administered by
945:
930:
916:
753:
752:
732:
731:
730:
715:
714:
701:
700:
677:
663:
662:
644:
643:
626:Three Gorges Dam
623:
614:state-of-the-art
534:
525:
517:
508:Three Gorges Dam
215:
214:
212:
211:
210:
205:
201:
198:
197:
196:
193:
148:
139:
138:
132:
120:
111:
110:
104:
87:
78:
77:
76:
70:Three Gorges Dam
67:
21:
8148:
8147:
8143:
8142:
8141:
8139:
8138:
8137:
8063:
8062:
8061:
8056:
8038:
7970:
7961:
7931:
7926:
7870:
7848:
7842:
7818:HVDC Tian–Guang
7795:
7789:
7747:
7715:
7684:
7670:Energy security
7633:
7631:Energy in China
7628:
7598:
7597:
7587:
7585:
7576:
7575:
7571:
7561:
7559:
7551:
7550:
7546:
7536:
7534:
7525:
7524:
7520:
7510:
7508:
7501:
7497:
7496:
7492:
7482:
7480:
7473:
7469:
7468:
7464:
7454:
7452:
7443:
7442:
7438:
7428:
7426:
7412:
7411:
7407:
7397:
7395:
7386:
7385:
7381:
7341:
7340:
7336:
7318:
7317:
7313:
7300:
7299:
7295:
7280:
7279:
7275:
7265:
7263:
7250:
7249:
7245:
7235:
7233:
7224:
7223:
7219:
7209:
7207:
7198:
7197:
7190:
7180:
7178:
7174:
7163:
7159:
7158:
7154:
7144:
7142:
7132:
7131:
7127:
7117:
7115:
7101:
7100:
7096:
7086:
7084:
7073:
7068:
7067:
7063:
7053:
7051:
7050:on May 27, 2011
7041:
7040:
7036:
7026:
7024:
7014:
7013:
7009:
6999:
6997:
6984:
6983:
6979:
6964:
6960:
6950:
6948:
6939:
6938:
6934:
6924:
6922:
6913:
6912:
6908:
6898:
6896:
6888:Fletcher, Gem.
6887:
6886:
6882:
6872:
6870:
6862:
6861:
6857:
6847:
6845:
6837:
6836:
6832:
6822:
6820:
6816:
6805:
6801:
6800:
6796:
6786:
6784:
6775:
6774:
6770:
6760:
6758:
6749:
6748:
6744:
6734:
6732:
6721:
6717:
6716:
6709:
6699:
6697:
6690:
6689:三峡四期移民工程通过阶段性验收
6686:
6685:
6681:
6668:
6666:
6659:
6655:
6654:
6650:
6637:
6635:
6634:on May 10, 2013
6622:
6618:
6617:
6610:
6588:
6587:
6583:
6573:
6571:
6562:
6561:
6557:
6544:
6542:
6538:
6531:
6526:
6525:
6521:
6507:
6505:
6495:
6494:
6490:
6480:
6478:
6465:
6464:
6460:
6440:
6439:
6435:
6425:
6423:
6410:
6409:
6405:
6395:
6393:
6380:
6379:
6375:
6365:
6363:
6354:
6353:
6346:
6336:
6334:
6324:
6323:
6319:
6309:
6307:
6298:
6297:
6293:
6283:
6281:
6271:
6270:
6266:
6256:
6254:
6249:
6248:
6244:
6234:
6232:
6223:
6222:
6218:
6208:
6206:
6197:
6196:
6192:
6182:
6180:
6167:
6166:
6162:
6152:
6150:
6143:
6139:
6138:
6134:
6124:
6122:
6109:
6108:
6104:
6094:
6092:
6085:
6081:
6080:
6076:
6066:
6064:
6057:
6053:
6052:
6048:
6038:
6036:
6029:
6025:
6024:
6020:
6010:
6008:
5999:
5998:
5994:
5986:
5982:
5975:
5960:
5959:
5955:
5945:
5943:
5930:
5929:
5925:
5915:
5913:
5906:
5902:
5901:
5897:
5887:
5885:
5874:
5870:
5869:
5865:
5813:
5812:
5808:
5798:
5796:
5783:
5782:
5778:
5768:
5766:
5749:
5748:
5744:
5734:
5732:
5718:
5717:
5713:
5703:
5701:
5692:
5691:
5687:
5677:
5675:
5666:
5665:
5661:
5651:
5649:
5597:
5596:
5592:
5585:
5570:
5569:
5562:
5524:
5523:
5516:
5504:
5503:
5499:
5489:
5487:
5468:
5467:
5463:
5453:
5451:
5444:
5440:
5439:
5435:
5391:
5390:
5386:
5352:
5351:
5347:
5338:
5336:
5334:
5309:
5308:
5304:
5260:
5259:
5244:
5198:
5197:
5193:
5183:
5181:
5167:
5166:
5159:
5149:
5147:
5146:on May 23, 2009
5133:
5132:
5128:
5121:
5108:
5107:
5103:
5096:
5078:
5077:
5073:
5063:
5061:
5060:on May 20, 2008
5050:
5046:
5045:
5041:
5034:
5019:
5018:
5007:
4997:
4995:
4988:The Earth Times
4981:
4980:
4976:
4966:
4964:
4957:
4953:
4952:
4943:
4933:
4931:
4922:
4921:
4917:
4907:
4905:
4898:
4894:
4893:
4889:
4879:
4877:
4864:
4863:
4859:
4849:
4847:
4838:
4837:
4833:
4823:
4821:
4812:
4811:
4807:
4797:
4795:
4786:
4785:
4781:
4771:
4769:
4762:
4758:
4757:
4753:
4743:
4741:
4728:
4727:
4723:
4713:
4711:
4710:on July 1, 2009
4704:
4703:国家电网公司-国调直调信息系统
4700:
4699:
4695:
4685:
4683:
4676:
4672:
4671:
4667:
4657:
4655:
4648:
4644:
4643:
4636:
4626:
4624:
4623:on July 5, 2009
4617:
4613:
4612:
4608:
4598:
4596:
4589:
4588:三峡电站月发电量首过百亿千瓦时
4585:
4584:
4580:
4570:
4568:
4561:
4556:
4555:
4551:
4541:
4539:
4532:
4528:
4527:
4523:
4514:
4513:
4509:
4500:
4499:
4495:
4482:
4481:
4477:
4468:
4467:
4463:
4453:
4451:
4437:
4436:
4432:
4422:
4420:
4407:
4406:
4402:
4392:
4390:
4375:
4374:
4370:
4360:
4358:
4345:
4344:
4340:
4330:
4328:
4319:
4318:
4314:
4304:
4302:
4295:
4291:
4290:
4286:
4276:
4274:
4267:
4263:
4262:
4258:
4248:
4246:
4237:
4236:
4232:
4221:
4217:
4216:
4212:
4202:
4200:
4193:
4189:
4188:
4184:
4174:
4172:
4169:
4165:
4164:
4160:
4150:
4148:
4139:
4138:
4134:
4123:
4122:三峡地下电站30号机组充水启动
4119:
4118:
4114:
4104:
4102:
4091:
4087:
4086:
4082:
4072:
4070:
4059:
4055:
4054:
4050:
4040:
4038:
4027:
4023:
4022:
4018:
4008:
4006:
3991:
3987:
3986:
3982:
3972:
3970:
3961:
3960:
3956:
3946:
3944:
3935:
3934:
3930:
3920:
3918:
3914:
3903:
3898:
3897:
3893:
3883:
3881:
3874:
3870:
3869:
3865:
3855:
3853:
3840:
3839:
3835:
3825:
3823:
3816:
3812:
3811:
3807:
3797:
3795:
3784:
3780:
3779:
3775:
3765:
3763:
3756:
3752:
3751:
3747:
3737:
3735:
3722:
3721:
3714:
3704:
3702:
3695:
3691:
3690:
3686:
3676:
3674:
3669:. ibiblio.org.
3665:
3664:
3660:
3650:
3648:
3641:
3637:
3636:
3632:
3619:
3618:
3611:
3601:
3599:
3592:
3588:
3587:
3580:
3570:
3568:
3559:
3558:
3554:
3544:
3542:
3527:
3526:
3522:
3512:
3510:
3501:
3500:
3496:
3486:
3484:
3477:
3473:
3472:
3468:
3458:
3456:
3442:
3441:
3434:
3427:
3410:
3409:
3384:
3369:Popular Science
3363:
3362:
3358:
3350:
3343:
3336:
3335:
3331:
3321:
3319:
3312:
3308:
3307:
3300:
3290:
3288:
3274:
3273:
3269:
3259:
3257:
3248:
3247:
3243:
3230:
3228:
3214:
3213:
3209:
3195:
3193:
3179:
3178:
3174:
3161:
3159:
3145:
3144:
3140:
3127:
3125:
3111:
3110:
3106:
3096:
3094:
3087:
3083:
3082:
3078:
3068:
3066:
3055:
3051:
3050:
3046:
3036:
3034:
3027:
3023:
3022:
3018:
3008:
3006:
2995:
2991:
2990:
2986:
2976:
2974:
2963:
2959:
2958:
2954:
2944:
2942:
2927:
2923:
2922:
2911:
2901:
2899:
2886:
2885:
2876:
2866:
2864:
2851:
2850:
2846:
2836:
2834:
2823:
2819:
2818:
2811:
2793:
2792:
2783:
2773:
2771:
2760:
2756:
2755:
2751:
2741:
2739:
2738:on May 12, 2013
2724:
2720:
2719:
2712:
2702:
2700:
2687:
2686:
2682:
2664:
2663:
2654:
2639:
2635:
2634:
2625:
2614:
2598:Ehrlich, Robert
2596:
2595:
2591:
2584:
2565:
2564:
2560:
2553:
2541:
2540:
2536:
2526:
2524:
2520:
2514:chincold.org.cn
2509:
2505:
2504:
2497:
2487:
2485:
2472:
2471:
2467:
2457:
2455:
2441:
2440:
2436:
2431:
2372:
2365:
2358:
2351:
2344:
2337:
2330:
2325:
2323:
2320:
2281:
2268:
2252:nuclear strikes
2240:cruise missiles
2202:
2194:Shen Nong Gorge
2190:hanging coffins
2175:
2170:
2134:
2089:port facility (
2073:
2012:
1999:staircase locks
1982:
1980:
1976:
1973:
1968:
1965:
1963:
1961:
1960:
1925:
1920:
1814:
1809:
1808:
1807:
1805:
1800:
1778:'s day by 0.06
1772:
1741:
1714:
1667:
1625:
1596:The absence of
1579:
1567:
1546:
1496:
1172:
1160:
1143:
1107:Francis turbine
1068:
1020:
1015:
1003:corporate bonds
983:
954:
953:
952:
951:
950:
946:
937:
936:
935:
931:
922:
921:
920:
917:
906:
813:Chiang Kai-shek
807:. In 1932, the
770:
713:ㄙㄢ ㄒㄧㄚˊ ㄉㄚˋ ㄅㄚˋ
668:Literal meaning
553:Yiling District
543:that spans the
458:
443:
337:Dam volume
269:(subsidiary of
208:
206:
202:
199:
194:
191:
189:
187:
186:
173:Yiling District
152:
151:
150:
149:
146:
145:
142:
141:
140:
123:
122:
121:
118:
117:
114:
113:
112:
90:
72:
71:
65:
60:
55:
54:
53:
52:
51:
50:
34:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
8146:
8144:
8136:
8135:
8130:
8125:
8120:
8115:
8110:
8105:
8100:
8095:
8090:
8085:
8080:
8075:
8073:Locks of China
8065:
8064:
8058:
8057:
8055:
8054:
8043:
8040:
8039:
8037:
8036:
8031:
8026:
8021:
8016:
8011:
8006:
8001:
7996:
7991:
7986:
7981:
7975:
7972:
7971:
7962:
7960:
7959:
7952:
7945:
7937:
7928:
7927:
7925:
7924:
7912:
7900:
7888:
7875:
7872:
7871:
7869:
7868:
7863:
7858:
7852:
7850:
7844:
7843:
7841:
7840:
7835:
7830:
7825:
7820:
7815:
7810:
7805:
7799:
7797:
7791:
7790:
7788:
7787:
7782:
7777:
7772:
7767:
7762:
7757:
7752:
7748:power stations
7746:Hydroelectric
7739:
7734:
7729:
7723:
7721:
7717:
7716:
7714:
7713:
7708:
7703:
7698:
7692:
7690:
7686:
7685:
7683:
7682:
7677:
7672:
7667:
7662:
7657:
7655:Climate change
7652:
7647:
7641:
7639:
7635:
7634:
7629:
7627:
7626:
7619:
7612:
7604:
7596:
7595:
7569:
7544:
7518:
7490:
7472:三峡工程质量处于良好受控状态
7462:
7436:
7413:Adams, Jerry.
7405:
7379:
7334:
7311:
7293:
7273:
7243:
7217:
7188:
7152:
7125:
7094:
7077:People's Daily
7061:
7034:
7007:
6977:
6958:
6932:
6906:
6880:
6855:
6830:
6812:. p. 37.
6794:
6768:
6742:
6707:
6679:
6648:
6627:People's Daily
6608:
6595:Shanghai Daily
6581:
6555:
6519:
6488:
6458:
6433:
6403:
6373:
6344:
6317:
6291:
6264:
6242:
6216:
6190:
6160:
6132:
6102:
6074:
6046:
6018:
5992:
5980:
5973:
5953:
5936:People's Daily
5923:
5895:
5880:(in Chinese).
5878:People's Daily
5863:
5826:(1): 453–461.
5806:
5776:
5742:
5711:
5685:
5659:
5590:
5583:
5560:
5514:
5497:
5461:
5433:
5384:
5345:
5332:
5302:
5273:(5): 577–595.
5242:
5211:(1): 213–232.
5191:
5157:
5126:
5119:
5101:
5094:
5071:
5039:
5032:
5005:
4974:
4941:
4915:
4900:(in Chinese).
4887:
4868:(in Chinese).
4857:
4831:
4805:
4779:
4751:
4721:
4693:
4665:
4634:
4606:
4578:
4549:
4521:
4507:
4493:
4475:
4461:
4430:
4400:
4368:
4338:
4312:
4297:(in Chinese).
4284:
4269:(in Chinese).
4256:
4230:
4210:
4182:
4158:
4132:
4112:
4080:
4048:
4016:
3997:(in Chinese).
3980:
3954:
3937:"三峡工程及其水电机组概况"
3928:
3908:eng.hawaii.edu
3891:
3863:
3833:
3805:
3773:
3745:
3712:
3684:
3658:
3630:
3609:
3578:
3567:. July 3, 2012
3552:
3520:
3494:
3466:
3432:
3425:
3382:
3356:
3329:
3298:
3267:
3241:
3221:Beijing Review
3207:
3172:
3138:
3104:
3086:探访三峡库区云阳故陵滑坡险情
3076:
3044:
3016:
2984:
2952:
2935:Chutian Jinbao
2933:(in Chinese).
2909:
2874:
2844:
2809:
2781:
2749:
2730:(in Chinese).
2710:
2680:
2652:
2623:
2612:
2589:
2582:
2576:. p. 44.
2558:
2551:
2534:
2495:
2465:
2433:
2432:
2430:
2427:
2426:
2425:
2419:
2414:
2409:
2404:
2399:
2394:
2389:
2384:
2378:
2377:
2363:
2349:
2335:
2319:
2316:
2280:
2277:
2267:
2264:
2201:
2198:
2174:
2171:
2169:
2166:
2133:
2130:
2072:
2069:
2064:Shanghai Daily
2011:
2008:
1924:
1921:
1919:
1916:
1813:
1810:
1802:
1801:
1794:
1793:
1792:
1771:
1768:
1756:Siberian crane
1740:
1737:
1721:United Nations
1713:
1710:
1666:
1663:
1662:
1661:
1658:
1655:
1652:
1649:
1646:
1643:
1640:
1624:
1621:
1620:
1619:
1609:
1605:
1578:
1575:
1566:
1563:
1545:
1542:
1518:direct current
1495:
1492:
1453:
1452:
1450:
1447:
1444:
1440:
1439:
1437:
1434:
1431:
1427:
1426:
1424:
1421:
1418:
1414:
1413:
1411:
1408:
1405:
1401:
1400:
1398:
1395:
1392:
1388:
1387:
1385:
1382:
1379:
1375:
1374:
1372:
1369:
1366:
1362:
1361:
1359:
1356:
1353:
1349:
1348:
1346:
1343:
1340:
1336:
1335:
1333:
1330:
1327:
1323:
1322:
1320:
1317:
1314:
1310:
1309:
1307:
1304:
1301:
1297:
1296:
1294:
1291:
1288:
1284:
1283:
1281:
1278:
1275:
1271:
1270:
1268:
1265:
1262:
1258:
1257:
1255:
1252:
1249:
1245:
1244:
1242:
1239:
1236:
1232:
1231:
1229:
1226:
1223:
1219:
1218:
1216:
1213:
1210:
1206:
1205:
1203:
1200:
1197:
1193:
1192:
1190:
1187:
1184:
1180:
1179:
1177:
1174:
1169:
1159:
1156:
1142:
1139:
1072:hydraulic head
1067:
1064:
1019:
1016:
1014:
1011:
988:terawatt-hours
982:
979:
947:
940:
939:
938:
932:
925:
924:
923:
918:
911:
910:
909:
908:
907:
905:
902:
832:John L. Savage
769:
766:
763:
762:
759:
758:
755:
754:
747:
741:
740:
738:other Mandarin
734:
733:
723:
717:
716:
709:
703:
702:
695:
689:
688:
682:
681:
680:Transcriptions
673:
672:
669:
665:
664:
652:
646:
645:
638:
632:
631:
628:
627:
597:water turbines
502:
501:
490:
484:
483:
480:
474:
473:
470:
464:
463:
452:
446:
445:
440:
438:Hydraulic head
434:
433:
430:
424:
423:
420:
416:
415:
411:
410:
407:
403:
402:
399:
395:
394:
391:
387:
386:
383:
377:
376:
369:
365:
364:
359:
355:
354:
350:
349:
346:
342:
341:
338:
334:
333:
330:
326:
325:
322:
318:
317:
314:
310:
309:
306:
302:
301:
296:
292:
291:
286:
280:
279:
275:
274:
264:
260:
259:
253:
249:
248:
245:
241:
240:
237:
233:
232:
229:
225:
224:
221:
217:
216:
184:
180:
179:
166:
162:
161:
158:
154:
153:
143:
134:
133:
127:
126:
125:
124:
115:
106:
105:
99:
98:
97:
96:
95:
92:
91:
88:
80:
79:
63:
58:
56:
36:
30:
27:
25:
24:
23:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
8145:
8134:
8131:
8129:
8126:
8124:
8121:
8119:
8116:
8114:
8111:
8109:
8106:
8104:
8103:Dams in China
8101:
8099:
8096:
8094:
8091:
8089:
8086:
8084:
8081:
8079:
8078:Yangtze River
8076:
8074:
8071:
8070:
8068:
8053:
8045:
8044:
8041:
8035:
8032:
8030:
8027:
8025:
8022:
8020:
8017:
8015:
8012:
8010:
8007:
8005:
8002:
8000:
7997:
7995:
7992:
7990:
7987:
7985:
7982:
7980:
7977:
7976:
7973:
7969:
7965:
7958:
7953:
7951:
7946:
7944:
7939:
7938:
7935:
7923:
7922:
7917:
7913:
7911:
7910:
7909:Energy portal
7905:
7901:
7899:
7898:
7893:
7889:
7887:
7886:
7877:
7876:
7873:
7867:
7864:
7862:
7859:
7857:
7854:
7853:
7851:
7845:
7839:
7836:
7834:
7831:
7829:
7826:
7824:
7823:HVDC Zhoushan
7821:
7819:
7816:
7814:
7811:
7809:
7806:
7804:
7801:
7800:
7798:
7792:
7786:
7783:
7781:
7778:
7776:
7773:
7771:
7768:
7766:
7763:
7761:
7758:
7756:
7753:
7750:
7743:
7740:
7738:
7735:
7733:
7730:
7728:
7725:
7724:
7722:
7718:
7712:
7709:
7707:
7704:
7702:
7699:
7697:
7694:
7693:
7691:
7687:
7681:
7678:
7676:
7673:
7671:
7668:
7666:
7665:Energy policy
7663:
7661:
7658:
7656:
7653:
7651:
7648:
7646:
7643:
7642:
7640:
7636:
7632:
7625:
7620:
7618:
7613:
7611:
7606:
7605:
7602:
7583:
7579:
7573:
7570:
7558:
7554:
7548:
7545:
7532:
7528:
7522:
7519:
7506:
7502:
7494:
7491:
7478:
7474:
7466:
7463:
7450:
7446:
7440:
7437:
7424:
7420:
7416:
7409:
7406:
7393:
7389:
7383:
7380:
7375:
7371:
7366:
7361:
7357:
7353:
7349:
7345:
7338:
7335:
7330:
7326:
7322:
7315:
7312:
7307:
7303:
7297:
7294:
7289:
7288:
7283:
7277:
7274:
7261:
7257:
7253:
7247:
7244:
7231:
7227:
7221:
7218:
7205:
7201:
7195:
7193:
7189:
7173:
7169:
7162:
7156:
7153:
7140:
7136:
7129:
7126:
7113:
7109:
7105:
7098:
7095:
7082:
7078:
7074:
7065:
7062:
7049:
7045:
7038:
7035:
7022:
7018:
7011:
7008:
6995:
6991:
6987:
6981:
6978:
6974:
6973:
6968:
6962:
6959:
6947:
6943:
6936:
6933:
6921:
6917:
6910:
6907:
6895:
6891:
6884:
6881:
6869:
6865:
6859:
6856:
6844:
6840:
6834:
6831:
6815:
6811:
6804:
6798:
6795:
6782:
6778:
6772:
6769:
6756:
6752:
6746:
6743:
6730:
6726:
6722:
6714:
6712:
6708:
6695:
6691:
6683:
6680:
6676:
6664:
6660:
6652:
6649:
6645:
6633:
6629:
6628:
6623:
6615:
6613:
6609:
6605:
6601:
6597:
6596:
6591:
6585:
6582:
6569:
6565:
6559:
6556:
6552:
6537:
6530:
6523:
6520:
6516:
6503:
6499:
6492:
6489:
6476:
6472:
6468:
6462:
6459:
6455:
6451:
6447:
6443:
6437:
6434:
6421:
6417:
6413:
6407:
6404:
6391:
6387:
6383:
6377:
6374:
6361:
6357:
6351:
6349:
6345:
6332:
6328:
6321:
6318:
6305:
6301:
6295:
6292:
6279:
6275:
6268:
6265:
6252:
6246:
6243:
6230:
6226:
6220:
6217:
6204:
6200:
6194:
6191:
6178:
6174:
6170:
6164:
6161:
6148:
6144:
6136:
6133:
6120:
6116:
6112:
6106:
6103:
6090:
6086:
6084:中国长江三峡工程开发总公司
6078:
6075:
6062:
6058:
6050:
6047:
6034:
6030:
6022:
6019:
6006:
6002:
5996:
5993:
5990:
5984:
5981:
5976:
5970:
5966:
5965:
5957:
5954:
5941:
5937:
5933:
5927:
5924:
5911:
5907:
5899:
5896:
5883:
5879:
5875:
5867:
5864:
5859:
5855:
5851:
5847:
5842:
5837:
5833:
5829:
5825:
5821:
5817:
5810:
5807:
5794:
5790:
5786:
5780:
5777:
5764:
5760:
5759:IUCN Red List
5756:
5752:
5746:
5743:
5730:
5726:
5722:
5715:
5712:
5699:
5695:
5689:
5686:
5674:
5670:
5663:
5660:
5646:
5641:
5637:
5633:
5629:
5625:
5621:
5617:
5613:
5609:
5605:
5601:
5594:
5591:
5586:
5580:
5576:
5575:
5567:
5565:
5561:
5556:
5552:
5548:
5544:
5540:
5536:
5532:
5528:
5521:
5519:
5515:
5510:
5509:
5501:
5498:
5486:
5482:
5478:
5477:The Economist
5473:
5465:
5462:
5449:
5445:
5437:
5434:
5429:
5425:
5420:
5415:
5411:
5407:
5403:
5399:
5395:
5388:
5385:
5380:
5376:
5372:
5368:
5364:
5360:
5356:
5349:
5346:
5335:
5329:
5325:
5321:
5317:
5313:
5306:
5303:
5298:
5294:
5289:
5284:
5280:
5276:
5272:
5268:
5264:
5257:
5255:
5253:
5251:
5249:
5247:
5243:
5238:
5234:
5229:
5224:
5219:
5214:
5210:
5206:
5202:
5195:
5192:
5179:
5175:
5171:
5164:
5162:
5158:
5145:
5141:
5137:
5130:
5127:
5122:
5116:
5112:
5105:
5102:
5097:
5091:
5087:
5086:
5081:
5075:
5072:
5059:
5055:
5051:
5043:
5040:
5035:
5029:
5025:
5024:
5016:
5014:
5012:
5010:
5006:
4993:
4989:
4985:
4978:
4975:
4962:
4958:
4950:
4948:
4946:
4942:
4929:
4925:
4919:
4916:
4903:
4899:
4891:
4888:
4875:
4871:
4867:
4861:
4858:
4845:
4841:
4835:
4832:
4819:
4815:
4809:
4806:
4793:
4789:
4783:
4780:
4767:
4763:
4761:中国长江三峡工程开发总公司
4755:
4752:
4739:
4735:
4731:
4725:
4722:
4709:
4705:
4697:
4694:
4681:
4677:
4669:
4666:
4653:
4649:
4647:中国长江三峡工程开发总公司
4641:
4639:
4635:
4622:
4618:
4610:
4607:
4594:
4590:
4582:
4579:
4566:
4562:
4553:
4550:
4537:
4533:
4525:
4522:
4517:
4511:
4508:
4503:
4497:
4494:
4489:
4485:
4479:
4476:
4471:
4465:
4462:
4449:
4445:
4441:
4434:
4431:
4418:
4414:
4410:
4404:
4401:
4388:
4384:
4383:
4378:
4372:
4369:
4356:
4352:
4351:itaipu.gov.br
4348:
4342:
4339:
4326:
4322:
4316:
4313:
4300:
4296:
4288:
4285:
4272:
4268:
4260:
4257:
4244:
4240:
4234:
4231:
4226:
4222:
4214:
4211:
4198:
4194:
4186:
4183:
4170:
4162:
4159:
4146:
4142:
4136:
4133:
4128:
4124:
4116:
4113:
4100:
4096:
4092:
4084:
4081:
4068:
4064:
4060:
4058:中国长江三峡工程开发总公司
4052:
4049:
4036:
4032:
4028:
4020:
4017:
4004:
4000:
3996:
3992:
3990:中国长江三峡工程开发总公司
3984:
3981:
3968:
3964:
3958:
3955:
3942:
3938:
3932:
3929:
3913:
3909:
3902:
3895:
3892:
3879:
3875:
3867:
3864:
3851:
3847:
3843:
3837:
3834:
3821:
3817:
3809:
3806:
3793:
3789:
3785:
3783:官方:三峡工程回收投资成本
3777:
3774:
3761:
3757:
3749:
3746:
3733:
3729:
3725:
3719:
3717:
3713:
3700:
3696:
3688:
3685:
3672:
3668:
3662:
3659:
3646:
3642:
3634:
3631:
3626:
3622:
3616:
3614:
3610:
3597:
3593:
3591:三峡升船机开工建设_荆楚网
3585:
3583:
3579:
3566:
3562:
3556:
3553:
3541:
3537:
3533:
3532:
3524:
3521:
3508:
3504:
3503:"人民网 – 404页面"
3498:
3495:
3482:
3478:
3470:
3467:
3454:
3450:
3446:
3439:
3437:
3433:
3428:
3426:9780295751719
3422:
3418:
3414:
3407:
3405:
3403:
3401:
3399:
3397:
3395:
3393:
3391:
3389:
3387:
3383:
3378:
3374:
3370:
3366:
3360:
3357:
3349:
3342:
3341:
3333:
3330:
3317:
3313:
3305:
3303:
3299:
3286:
3282:
3278:
3271:
3268:
3255:
3251:
3245:
3242:
3238:
3226:
3222:
3218:
3211:
3208:
3204:
3191:
3187:
3183:
3176:
3173:
3169:
3157:
3153:
3149:
3142:
3139:
3135:
3123:
3119:
3115:
3108:
3105:
3092:
3088:
3080:
3077:
3064:
3060:
3056:
3048:
3045:
3032:
3028:
3020:
3017:
3004:
3000:
2996:
2994:中国长江三峡工程开发总公司
2988:
2985:
2972:
2968:
2964:
2962:中国长江三峡工程开发总公司
2956:
2953:
2940:
2936:
2932:
2928:
2920:
2918:
2916:
2914:
2910:
2897:
2893:
2889:
2883:
2881:
2879:
2875:
2862:
2858:
2854:
2848:
2845:
2832:
2828:
2824:
2816:
2814:
2810:
2805:
2801:
2797:
2790:
2788:
2786:
2782:
2769:
2765:
2761:
2753:
2750:
2737:
2733:
2729:
2725:
2717:
2715:
2711:
2698:
2694:
2690:
2684:
2681:
2676:
2672:
2668:
2661:
2659:
2657:
2653:
2648:
2644:
2640:
2632:
2630:
2628:
2624:
2619:
2615:
2609:
2605:
2604:
2599:
2593:
2590:
2585:
2579:
2575:
2571:
2570:
2562:
2559:
2554:
2548:
2544:
2538:
2535:
2519:
2515:
2508:
2502:
2500:
2496:
2483:
2479:
2475:
2469:
2466:
2453:
2449:
2445:
2438:
2435:
2428:
2423:
2420:
2418:
2415:
2413:
2410:
2408:
2405:
2403:
2400:
2398:
2395:
2393:
2390:
2388:
2385:
2383:
2380:
2379:
2375:
2369:
2364:
2361:
2360:Energy portal
2355:
2350:
2347:
2341:
2336:
2333:
2322:
2317:
2315:
2312:
2310:
2306:
2302:
2298:
2294:
2285:
2279:Upstream dams
2278:
2276:
2274:
2265:
2263:
2260:
2255:
2253:
2249:
2244:
2241:
2237:
2233:
2229:
2228:
2223:
2219:
2215:
2211:
2207:
2199:
2197:
2195:
2191:
2186:
2184:
2179:
2172:
2168:Other effects
2167:
2165:
2163:
2158:
2154:
2152:
2148:
2143:
2140:
2131:
2129:
2126:
2124:
2120:
2116:
2112:
2102:
2098:
2088:
2078:
2070:
2068:
2066:
2065:
2059:
2057:
2052:
2049:
2047:
2046:
2040:
2036:
2033:
2031:
2023:
2018:
2014:
2009:
2007:
2004:
2000:
1995:
1993:
1987:
1957:
1954:
1945:
1937:
1929:
1922:
1917:
1915:
1913:
1909:
1904:
1901:
1899:
1893:
1890:
1886:
1884:
1880:
1876:
1872:
1868:
1864:
1859:
1854:
1850:
1846:
1841:
1839:
1835:
1831:
1823:
1818:
1811:
1804:
1798:
1791:
1789:
1785:
1781:
1777:
1769:
1767:
1765:
1761:
1757:
1754:
1749:
1747:
1738:
1736:
1734:
1730:
1725:
1722:
1717:
1711:
1709:
1707:
1703:
1699:
1690:
1683:
1679:
1675:
1671:
1664:
1659:
1656:
1653:
1650:
1647:
1644:
1641:
1638:
1637:
1636:
1633:
1631:
1622:
1617:
1613:
1610:
1606:
1603:
1602:
1601:
1599:
1594:
1592:
1588:
1584:
1583:seismic fault
1576:
1574:
1572:
1564:
1558:
1550:
1543:
1541:
1537:
1535:
1531:
1527:
1523:
1519:
1514:
1511:
1509:
1505:
1501:
1493:
1491:
1487:
1483:
1475:
1467:
1459:
1451:
1448:
1445:
1442:
1441:
1438:
1435:
1432:
1429:
1428:
1425:
1422:
1419:
1416:
1415:
1412:
1409:
1406:
1403:
1402:
1399:
1396:
1393:
1390:
1389:
1386:
1383:
1380:
1377:
1376:
1373:
1370:
1367:
1364:
1363:
1360:
1357:
1354:
1351:
1350:
1347:
1344:
1341:
1338:
1337:
1334:
1331:
1328:
1325:
1324:
1321:
1318:
1315:
1312:
1311:
1308:
1305:
1302:
1299:
1298:
1295:
1292:
1289:
1286:
1285:
1282:
1279:
1276:
1273:
1272:
1269:
1266:
1263:
1260:
1259:
1256:
1253:
1250:
1247:
1246:
1243:
1240:
1237:
1234:
1233:
1230:
1227:
1224:
1221:
1220:
1217:
1214:
1211:
1208:
1207:
1204:
1201:
1198:
1195:
1194:
1191:
1188:
1185:
1182:
1181:
1178:
1175:
1170:
1167:
1166:
1157:
1155:
1151:
1147:
1140:
1138:
1136:
1132:
1128:
1124:
1120:
1116:
1108:
1104:
1100:
1098:
1094:
1090:
1086:
1082:
1078:
1073:
1065:
1063:
1061:
1057:
1053:
1049:
1045:
1041:
1032:
1024:
1017:
1012:
1010:
1008:
1004:
1000:
996:
991:
989:
980:
978:
976:
972:
966:
964:
963:Eiffel Towers
960:
944:
929:
915:
903:
901:
898:
893:
888:
886:
881:
879:
875:
870:
868:
864:
860:
856:
852:
848:
844:
840:
835:
833:
829:
826:In 1944, the
824:
822:
818:
814:
810:
806:
802:
798:
790:
783:
779:
774:
767:
760:
751:сань ся да ба
748:
746:
742:
739:
735:
729:
724:
722:
718:
710:
708:
704:
696:
694:
690:
687:
683:
678:
674:
670:
666:
661:
658:
653:
651:
647:
639:
637:
633:
629:
624:
621:
619:
615:
611:
607:
606:Yangtze Plain
601:
598:
593:
591:
586:
582:
578:
575:(22,500
574:
570:
566:
562:
558:
554:
550:
546:
545:Yangtze River
542:
539:
538:hydroelectric
535:
529:
521:
513:
509:
499:
495:
491:
489:
485:
481:
479:
475:
471:
469:
465:
462:
457:
453:
451:
447:
441:
439:
435:
431:
429:
425:
421:
417:
414:Power Station
412:
408:
404:
400:
396:
392:
388:
384:
382:
378:
374:
370:
366:
363:
360:
356:
351:
347:
343:
339:
335:
331:
327:
323:
319:
315:
311:
307:
303:
300:
299:Yangtze River
297:
293:
290:
287:
285:
281:
276:
272:
268:
265:
261:
257:
254:
250:
246:
242:
238:
234:
230:
226:
222:
218:
213:
185:
181:
178:
174:
170:
167:
163:
159:
155:
131:
103:
93:
86:
81:
68:
62:
48:
44:
40:
33:
19:
8133:Megaprojects
8083:Gravity dams
8029:Three Gorges
8028:
7919:
7907:
7897:China portal
7895:
7883:
7827:
7588:November 23,
7586:. Retrieved
7582:the original
7572:
7560:. Retrieved
7557:china.org.cn
7556:
7547:
7535:. Retrieved
7531:the original
7521:
7509:. Retrieved
7505:the original
7493:
7481:. Retrieved
7465:
7453:. Retrieved
7439:
7427:. Retrieved
7418:
7408:
7396:. Retrieved
7382:
7365:1721.1/60548
7350:(2): 48–87.
7347:
7343:
7337:
7320:
7314:
7305:
7296:
7285:
7276:
7266:December 27,
7264:. Retrieved
7260:the original
7255:
7246:
7236:November 23,
7234:. Retrieved
7220:
7208:. Retrieved
7204:the original
7179:. Retrieved
7155:
7143:. Retrieved
7128:
7116:. Retrieved
7107:
7097:
7085:. Retrieved
7081:the original
7076:
7064:
7054:November 23,
7052:. Retrieved
7048:the original
7037:
7025:. Retrieved
7021:the original
7010:
6998:. Retrieved
6989:
6980:
6971:
6966:
6961:
6951:February 14,
6949:. Retrieved
6945:
6935:
6925:February 14,
6923:. Retrieved
6919:
6909:
6899:February 14,
6897:. Retrieved
6893:
6883:
6873:February 14,
6871:. Retrieved
6867:
6858:
6848:February 14,
6846:. Retrieved
6842:
6833:
6821:. Retrieved
6809:
6797:
6787:November 23,
6785:. Retrieved
6781:the original
6771:
6759:. Retrieved
6745:
6733:. Retrieved
6729:the original
6724:
6698:. Retrieved
6694:the original
6682:
6674:
6667:. Retrieved
6651:
6643:
6636:. Retrieved
6632:the original
6625:
6603:
6593:
6584:
6572:. Retrieved
6568:the original
6558:
6550:
6543:. Retrieved
6522:
6513:
6508:December 12,
6506:. Retrieved
6502:the original
6491:
6479:. Retrieved
6470:
6461:
6453:
6450:the original
6436:
6426:November 23,
6424:. Retrieved
6406:
6396:November 23,
6394:. Retrieved
6390:the original
6385:
6376:
6364:. Retrieved
6360:the original
6337:November 23,
6335:. Retrieved
6320:
6310:November 23,
6308:. Retrieved
6304:the original
6294:
6284:November 23,
6282:. Retrieved
6267:
6257:February 22,
6255:. Retrieved
6245:
6235:November 23,
6233:. Retrieved
6229:the original
6219:
6209:November 23,
6207:. Retrieved
6203:the original
6193:
6181:. Retrieved
6177:the original
6172:
6163:
6151:. Retrieved
6135:
6123:. Retrieved
6119:the original
6114:
6105:
6093:. Retrieved
6089:the original
6077:
6065:. Retrieved
6061:the original
6049:
6037:. Retrieved
6021:
6009:. Retrieved
6005:the original
5995:
5983:
5963:
5956:
5944:. Retrieved
5935:
5926:
5914:. Retrieved
5910:the original
5898:
5886:. Retrieved
5877:
5866:
5823:
5819:
5809:
5799:November 10,
5797:. Retrieved
5788:
5779:
5767:. Retrieved
5754:
5745:
5733:. Retrieved
5729:the original
5725:The Flat Hat
5714:
5702:. Retrieved
5688:
5676:. Retrieved
5672:
5662:
5650:. Retrieved
5645:the original
5607:
5603:
5593:
5573:
5530:
5526:
5507:
5500:
5488:. Retrieved
5476:
5464:
5452:. Retrieved
5448:the original
5436:
5401:
5397:
5387:
5362:
5358:
5348:
5337:, retrieved
5315:
5305:
5270:
5266:
5208:
5204:
5194:
5182:. Retrieved
5178:the original
5173:
5148:. Retrieved
5144:the original
5139:
5134:Yang, Sung.
5129:
5110:
5104:
5084:
5074:
5062:. Retrieved
5058:the original
5053:
5042:
5022:
4996:. Retrieved
4992:the original
4987:
4977:
4965:. Retrieved
4932:. Retrieved
4928:the original
4918:
4906:. Retrieved
4890:
4878:. Retrieved
4874:the original
4860:
4850:November 23,
4848:. Retrieved
4844:the original
4834:
4824:December 20,
4822:. Retrieved
4808:
4796:. Retrieved
4782:
4770:. Retrieved
4766:the original
4754:
4742:. Retrieved
4738:the original
4733:
4724:
4712:. Retrieved
4708:the original
4696:
4684:. Retrieved
4680:the original
4668:
4656:. Retrieved
4652:the original
4625:. Retrieved
4621:the original
4609:
4597:. Retrieved
4593:the original
4581:
4569:. Retrieved
4552:
4540:. Retrieved
4536:the original
4524:
4510:
4496:
4487:
4478:
4464:
4452:. Retrieved
4443:
4433:
4421:. Retrieved
4412:
4403:
4391:. Retrieved
4380:
4371:
4359:. Retrieved
4350:
4341:
4329:. Retrieved
4315:
4303:. Retrieved
4287:
4275:. Retrieved
4259:
4247:. Retrieved
4243:the original
4233:
4225:the original
4213:
4201:. Retrieved
4197:the original
4185:
4173:. Retrieved
4161:
4149:. Retrieved
4145:the original
4135:
4127:the original
4115:
4103:. Retrieved
4099:the original
4095:ctgpc.com.cn
4094:
4083:
4071:. Retrieved
4067:the original
4063:ctgpc.com.cn
4062:
4051:
4039:. Retrieved
4035:the original
4031:ctgpc.com.cn
4030:
4019:
4007:. Retrieved
4003:the original
3995:ctgpc.com.cn
3994:
3983:
3971:. Retrieved
3957:
3945:. Retrieved
3941:the original
3931:
3919:. Retrieved
3907:
3894:
3882:. Retrieved
3878:the original
3866:
3854:. Retrieved
3850:the original
3845:
3836:
3824:. Retrieved
3820:the original
3808:
3796:. Retrieved
3787:
3776:
3764:. Retrieved
3760:the original
3748:
3736:. Retrieved
3727:
3703:. Retrieved
3699:the original
3687:
3677:November 23,
3675:. Retrieved
3661:
3649:. Retrieved
3633:
3625:the original
3600:. Retrieved
3596:the original
3569:. Retrieved
3564:
3555:
3543:. Retrieved
3530:
3523:
3511:. Retrieved
3507:the original
3497:
3485:. Retrieved
3481:the original
3469:
3459:November 23,
3457:. Retrieved
3448:
3412:
3368:
3359:
3348:the original
3339:
3332:
3320:. Retrieved
3289:. Retrieved
3285:the original
3280:
3270:
3258:. Retrieved
3244:
3236:
3229:. Retrieved
3225:the original
3220:
3210:
3201:
3194:. Retrieved
3185:
3175:
3167:
3160:. Retrieved
3151:
3141:
3133:
3126:. Retrieved
3122:the original
3117:
3107:
3095:. Retrieved
3091:the original
3079:
3067:. Retrieved
3063:the original
3058:
3047:
3035:. Retrieved
3031:the original
3019:
3007:. Retrieved
3003:the original
2999:ctgpc.com.cn
2998:
2987:
2975:. Retrieved
2971:the original
2967:ctgpc.com.cn
2966:
2955:
2945:February 15,
2943:. Retrieved
2930:
2900:. Retrieved
2891:
2867:November 23,
2865:. Retrieved
2861:the original
2856:
2847:
2835:. Retrieved
2831:the original
2827:ctgpc.com.cn
2826:
2800:IET magazine
2799:
2772:. Retrieved
2768:the original
2763:
2752:
2740:. Retrieved
2736:the original
2727:
2701:. Retrieved
2692:
2683:
2671:spglobal.com
2670:
2642:
2618:Google Books
2616:– via
2602:
2592:
2568:
2561:
2542:
2537:
2525:. Retrieved
2518:the original
2513:
2486:. Retrieved
2477:
2468:
2458:February 13,
2456:. Retrieved
2447:
2437:
2422:Liang Weiyan
2374:Water portal
2332:China portal
2313:
2293:Jinsha River
2290:
2269:
2259:no first use
2256:
2245:
2225:
2203:
2187:
2182:
2180:
2176:
2159:
2155:
2151:Nadav Kander
2144:
2135:
2127:
2074:
2062:
2060:
2053:
2050:
2043:
2041:
2037:
2034:
2027:
2021:
2013:
1996:
1958:
1950:
1905:
1902:
1900:downstream.
1898:Gezhouba Dam
1894:
1887:
1842:
1826:
1780:microseconds
1773:
1750:
1742:
1718:
1715:
1712:Forest cover
1695:
1682:Maoping Town
1674:Zigui County
1634:
1626:
1616:biodiversity
1595:
1580:
1568:
1538:
1515:
1512:
1497:
1494:Distribution
1488:
1484:
1480:
1152:
1148:
1144:
1112:
1089:power factor
1069:
1037:
995:Gezhouba Dam
992:
984:
967:
955:
889:
882:
871:
847:Gezhouba Dam
836:
825:
805:Three Gorges
800:
795:
780:Memorial in
693:Hanyu Pinyin
602:
594:
571:in terms of
565:Three Gorges
531:
507:
505:
461:Francis-type
432:Conventional
61:
46:
37:This is the
31:
7755:Natural gas
7537:January 20,
7329:resrep26903
7181:January 28,
7145:January 20,
7118:January 20,
7108:China Daily
7027:January 20,
7000:January 20,
6823:February 9,
6700:December 6,
6481:October 12,
5704:January 20,
5228:10045/36409
5184:January 25,
4744:January 10,
4734:Hydro World
4599:December 6,
4571:December 6,
4444:China Daily
4413:GBTimes.com
4382:China Daily
4331:January 15,
4305:January 13,
4277:January 19,
4249:January 12,
4105:December 6,
4041:December 6,
3921:February 2,
3910:. CEE 491.
3884:December 6,
3571:December 7,
3565:China Daily
3540:10919/37152
3415:. Seattle:
3291:October 13,
2837:December 6,
2273:deformation
2248:gravity dam
1981: /
1906:During the
897:power plant
797:Sun Yat-sen
699:Sānxiá Dàbà
608:. In 1931,
585:electricity
541:gravity dam
533:Sānxiá Dàbà
492:101.6
289:Gravity dam
231:Operational
207: /
195:111°00′12″E
183:Coordinates
8067:Categories
8024:Xiangjiaba
8004:Guanyinyan
7994:Longkaikou
7737:Geothermal
7483:August 16,
7256:taiwannews
6720:三峡库区城镇完成拆迁
6574:August 14,
6125:October 8,
6095:August 16,
5678:October 8,
5652:October 8,
5490:October 8,
5365:: 105199.
5064:August 16,
4998:October 8,
4658:August 16,
4542:August 28,
4361:January 7,
4203:August 20,
3856:October 8,
3815:建三峡工程需要多少钱
3651:August 16,
3487:August 16,
2764:ctg.com.cn
2728:ctg.com.cn
2527:January 1,
2429:References
2309:Xiangjiaba
2183:fu jian qu
1969:111°1′10″E
1966:30°50′12″N
1953:ship locks
1845:cu mi
1698:wastewater
1623:Landslides
1066:Generators
1060:Hoover Dam
1046:(CTGC), a
975:Itaipu Dam
843:Mao Zedong
837:After the
778:1954 Flood
590:Itaipu Dam
549:Sandouping
496:(366
459:2 × 50 MW
192:30°49′23″N
169:Sandouping
7989:Jinanqiao
7849:companies
7775:Shale gas
7765:Oil shale
7727:Bioenergy
7511:August 1,
7210:March 30,
7087:April 10,
6972:Full text
6735:August 1,
6669:April 20,
6638:April 20,
6545:April 19,
6366:April 19,
6067:August 1,
6039:August 1,
5946:August 1,
5916:August 1,
5888:August 1,
5858:248724077
5850:2391-5447
5624:0036-8075
5555:128845721
5485:0013-0613
5454:August 9,
5428:2296-6463
5297:1674-7755
5237:1365-246X
5174:The Times
4967:August 9,
4798:March 24,
4772:August 1,
4714:August 1,
4686:August 1,
4627:August 1,
4454:March 21,
4175:August 1,
4073:August 1,
4009:August 9,
3947:April 11,
3826:April 29,
3788:xw.qq.com
3766:August 1,
3738:August 1,
3705:April 10,
3602:August 9,
3545:March 14,
3377:0161-7370
3322:August 1,
3260:August 1,
3231:March 28,
3196:March 28,
3162:March 28,
3128:March 28,
3097:August 1,
3069:August 1,
3037:August 1,
3009:August 1,
2977:August 1,
2703:March 16,
2139:Chongqing
2087:Taipingxi
2030:ship lift
2010:Ship lift
1702:Chongqing
1589:into the
1565:Emissions
1171:Number of
981:Economics
811:, led by
592:in 2016.
472:22,500 MW
454:32 × 700
422:2003–2012
353:Reservoir
8052:Category
8034:Gezhouba
8014:Baihetan
8009:Wudongde
7885:Category
7689:Agencies
7562:April 9,
7477:Archived
7449:Archived
7423:Archived
7392:Archived
7374:38157268
7287:SET News
7230:Archived
7172:Archived
7139:Archived
7112:Archived
6994:Archived
6990:BBC News
6814:Archived
6755:Archived
6663:Archived
6600:Archived
6536:Archived
6475:Archived
6420:Archived
6416:CBS News
6331:Archived
6278:Archived
6153:July 20,
6147:Archived
6033:Archived
5940:Archived
5882:Archived
5793:Archived
5789:NASA/JPL
5763:Archived
5735:June 21,
5698:Archived
5640:31587732
5632:14615514
5547:12764179
5339:June 15,
5082:(1998).
4961:Archived
4908:June 23,
4902:Archived
4818:Archived
4792:Archived
4565:Archived
4448:Archived
4423:March 2,
4417:Archived
4387:Archived
4355:Archived
4325:Archived
4299:Archived
4271:Archived
4192:国家重大技术装备
4151:July 10,
3967:Archived
3912:Archived
3792:Archived
3755:国家重大技术装备
3732:Archived
3671:Archived
3645:Archived
3453:Archived
3316:Archived
3254:Archived
3190:Archived
3156:Archived
2939:Archived
2896:Archived
2804:Archived
2742:June 23,
2697:Archived
2675:Archived
2647:Archived
2600:(2013).
2482:Archived
2452:Archived
2318:See also
2301:Baihetan
2297:Wudongde
2222:Liu Yuan
2220:General
2121:(on the
2119:Zhicheng
2056:Lahmeyer
2022:shiplift
1871:Yuanshui
1838:Shanghai
1739:Wildlife
1680:area in
1630:Wu River
1587:sediment
1508:Shanghai
1384:101.600
1123:Kvaerner
863:Swimming
853:and the
707:Bopomofo
500:) (2018)
450:Turbines
295:Impounds
263:Owner(s)
165:Location
43:reviewed
8128:Yichang
8019:Xiluodu
7968:Yangtze
7966:on the
7760:Nuclear
7744: (
7720:Sources
7455:June 3,
7429:June 3,
7398:June 3,
6810:iea.org
6329:. BBC.
6276:. BBC.
6183:June 3,
6011:June 3,
5828:Bibcode
5769:May 16,
5673:The Age
5604:Science
5527:Science
5406:Bibcode
5367:Bibcode
5275:Bibcode
5150:June 3,
4934:May 15,
4880:May 16,
4393:May 20,
3973:May 15,
3846:Science
3798:May 21,
3513:May 28,
2902:May 15,
2774:July 8,
2488:May 27,
2305:Xiluodu
2162:Gaoyang
2147:Wanzhou
2111:Maoping
1879:Hanshui
1849:acre⋅ft
1834:Nanjing
1612:Benthic
1591:Yangtze
1423:103.649
1410:111.800
1135:Siemens
971:acre⋅ft
821:Yichang
768:History
557:Yichang
536:) is a
373:acre⋅ft
358:Creates
220:Purpose
157:Country
7999:Ludila
7979:Liyuan
7638:Topics
7372:
7327:
6761:May 5,
5971:
5856:
5848:
5638:
5630:
5622:
5581:
5553:
5545:
5483:
5426:
5330:
5295:
5235:
5117:
5092:
5049:三峡大坝之忧
5030:
3423:
3375:
3203:China.
2610:
2580:
2549:
2307:, and
2210:Taiwan
2106:南岸翻坝铁路
2082:北岸翻坝铁路
2045:Xinhua
1881:, and
1875:Lishui
1867:Zishui
1836:, and
1449:80.271
1397:96.880
1371:97.600
1358:93.500
1345:87.000
1332:98.800
1319:83.270
1306:98.100
1293:78.290
1280:84.370
1267:79.470
1254:80.812
1241:61.600
1228:49.250
1215:49.090
1202:39.155
1115:Alstom
1097:stator
959:tonnes
949:image.
745:Dungan
610:floods
567:. The
530::
528:pinyin
522::
514::
313:Length
305:Height
228:Status
7780:Solar
7370:S2CID
7325:JSTOR
7175:(PDF)
7164:(PDF)
6817:(PDF)
6806:(PDF)
6539:(PDF)
6532:(PDF)
6515:year.
5854:S2CID
5636:S2CID
5551:S2CID
3915:(PDF)
3904:(PDF)
3351:(PDF)
3344:(PDF)
2521:(PDF)
2510:(PDF)
2003:gates
1923:Locks
1863:Xiang
1830:Wuhan
1784:poles
1776:Earth
1676:seat
1443:2023
1436:78.79
1430:2022
1417:2021
1404:2020
1391:2019
1378:2018
1365:2017
1352:2016
1339:2015
1326:2014
1313:2013
1300:2012
1287:2011
1274:2010
1261:2009
1248:2008
1235:2007
1222:2006
1209:2005
1196:2004
1189:8.607
1183:2003
1168:Year
1127:Voith
1052:SASAC
934:lift.
782:Wuhan
561:Hubei
547:near
177:Hubei
160:China
7984:Ahai
7785:Wind
7732:Coal
7590:2010
7564:2021
7539:2008
7513:2009
7485:2009
7457:2009
7431:2009
7400:2009
7268:2021
7238:2010
7212:2019
7183:2007
7147:2008
7120:2008
7089:2011
7056:2010
7029:2008
7002:2008
6953:2023
6927:2023
6901:2023
6875:2023
6850:2023
6825:2017
6789:2010
6763:2015
6737:2009
6702:2008
6671:2016
6640:2016
6576:2016
6547:2016
6510:2018
6483:2015
6428:2010
6398:2010
6368:2016
6339:2010
6312:2010
6286:2010
6259:2023
6237:2010
6211:2010
6185:2007
6155:2010
6127:2019
6097:2009
6069:2009
6041:2009
6013:2007
5969:ISBN
5948:2009
5918:2009
5890:2009
5846:ISSN
5801:2017
5771:2023
5737:2015
5706:2008
5680:2019
5654:2019
5628:PMID
5620:ISSN
5579:ISBN
5543:PMID
5492:2019
5481:ISSN
5456:2008
5424:ISSN
5341:2024
5328:ISBN
5293:ISSN
5233:ISSN
5186:2011
5152:2009
5115:ISBN
5090:ISBN
5066:2009
5028:ISBN
5000:2019
4969:2008
4936:2007
4910:2012
4882:2007
4852:2010
4826:2007
4800:2014
4774:2009
4746:2013
4716:2009
4688:2009
4660:2009
4629:2009
4601:2008
4573:2008
4544:2011
4456:2019
4425:2018
4395:2017
4363:2016
4333:2017
4307:2014
4279:2013
4251:2012
4205:2010
4177:2009
4153:2011
4107:2008
4075:2009
4043:2008
4011:2008
3975:2007
3949:2008
3923:2017
3886:2008
3858:2019
3828:2007
3800:2016
3768:2009
3740:2009
3707:2008
3679:2010
3653:2009
3604:2008
3573:2020
3547:2023
3515:2020
3489:2009
3461:2010
3421:ISBN
3373:ISSN
3324:2009
3293:2007
3281:Time
3262:2009
3233:2009
3198:2009
3164:2009
3130:2009
3118:Time
3099:2009
3071:2009
3039:2009
3011:2009
2979:2009
2947:2016
2904:2011
2869:2010
2839:2008
2776:2012
2744:2012
2705:2017
2608:ISBN
2578:ISBN
2547:ISBN
2529:2015
2490:2018
2460:2016
2204:The
2092:太平溪港
2020:The
1598:silt
1502:and
1498:The
1176:TWh
890:The
883:The
642:三峡大坝
524:三峽大壩
516:三峡大坝
506:The
428:Type
247:2003
75:三峡大坝
7360:hdl
7352:doi
5836:doi
5612:doi
5608:302
5535:doi
5531:300
5414:doi
5375:doi
5363:155
5320:doi
5283:doi
5223:hdl
5213:doi
5209:197
3536:hdl
3186:CNN
2125:).
2117:to
2101:白洋镇
1883:Gan
1446:32
1433:32
1420:32
1407:32
1394:32
1381:32
1368:32
1355:32
1342:32
1329:32
1316:32
1303:32
1290:29
1277:26
1264:26
1251:26
1238:21
1225:14
1212:14
1199:11
1119:ABB
1085:MVA
721:IPA
583:of
581:TWh
551:in
494:TWh
482:45%
45:on
8069::
7555:.
7417:.
7368:.
7358:.
7348:35
7346:.
7304:.
7284:.
7254:.
7191:^
7170:.
7166:.
7110:.
7106:.
7075:.
6988:.
6944:.
6918:.
6892:.
6866:.
6841:.
6808:.
6710:^
6673:.
6642:.
6611:^
6592:.
6549:.
6512:.
6469:.
6414:.
6384:.
6347:^
6171:.
6113:.
5938:.
5934:.
5876:.
5852:.
5844:.
5834:.
5824:14
5822:.
5818:.
5791:.
5787:.
5761:.
5757:.
5753:.
5723:.
5671:.
5634:.
5626:.
5618:.
5606:.
5602:.
5563:^
5549:.
5541:.
5529:.
5517:^
5479:.
5475:.
5422:.
5412:.
5404:.
5402:10
5400:.
5396:.
5373:.
5361:.
5357:.
5326:,
5314:,
5291:.
5281:.
5269:.
5265:.
5245:^
5231:.
5221:.
5207:.
5203:.
5172:.
5160:^
5138:.
5008:^
4986:.
4944:^
4732:.
4637:^
4486:.
4446:.
4442:.
4411:.
4379:.
4323:.
3906:.
3844:.
3726:.
3715:^
3612:^
3581:^
3563:.
3451:.
3447:.
3435:^
3419:.
3385:^
3367:.
3301:^
3279:.
3235:.
3219:.
3200:.
3188:.
3184:.
3166:.
3154:.
3150:.
3132:.
3116:.
2912:^
2890:.
2877:^
2855:.
2812:^
2802:.
2798:.
2784:^
2713:^
2691:.
2673:.
2669:.
2655:^
2626:^
2572:.
2512:.
2498:^
2476:.
2446:.
2303:,
2299:,
2254:.
1885:.
1877:,
1873:,
1869:,
1865:,
1832:,
1186:6
1133:,
1129:,
1121:,
1117:,
1093:kV
1081:Hz
1062:.
1009:.
977:.
841:,
660:大壩
657:三峽
577:MW
559:,
555:,
526:;
518:;
498:PJ
456:MW
175:,
171:,
41:,
7956:e
7949:t
7942:v
7751:)
7623:e
7616:t
7609:v
7592:.
7566:.
7541:.
7515:.
7487:.
7459:.
7433:.
7402:.
7376:.
7362::
7354::
7331:.
7270:.
7240:.
7214:.
7185:.
7149:.
7122:.
7091:.
7058:.
7031:.
7004:.
6955:.
6929:.
6903:.
6877:.
6852:.
6827:.
6791:.
6765:.
6739:.
6704:.
6578:.
6485:.
6430:.
6400:.
6370:.
6341:.
6314:.
6288:.
6261:.
6239:.
6213:.
6187:.
6157:.
6129:.
6099:.
6071:.
6043:.
6015:.
5987:(
5977:.
5950:.
5920:.
5892:.
5860:.
5838::
5830::
5803:.
5773:.
5739:.
5708:.
5682:.
5656:.
5614::
5587:.
5557:.
5537::
5494:.
5458:.
5430:.
5416::
5408::
5381:.
5377::
5369::
5322::
5299:.
5285::
5277::
5271:8
5239:.
5225::
5215::
5188:.
5154:.
5123:.
5098:.
5068:.
5036:.
5002:.
4971:.
4938:.
4912:.
4884:.
4854:.
4828:.
4802:.
4776:.
4748:.
4718:.
4690:.
4662:.
4631:.
4603:.
4575:.
4546:.
4458:.
4427:.
4397:.
4365:.
4335:.
4309:.
4281:.
4253:.
4207:.
4179:.
4155:.
4109:.
4077:.
4045:.
4013:.
3977:.
3951:.
3925:.
3888:.
3860:.
3830:.
3802:.
3770:.
3742:.
3709:.
3681:.
3655:.
3606:.
3575:.
3549:.
3538::
3517:.
3491:.
3463:.
3429:.
3379:.
3326:.
3295:.
3264:.
3101:.
3073:.
3041:.
3013:.
2981:.
2949:.
2906:.
2871:.
2841:.
2778:.
2746:.
2707:.
2620:.
2586:.
2555:.
2531:.
2492:.
2462:.
1618:.
510:(
375:)
273:)
256:¥
49:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.